Method and device for configuring allocation information for RU or MRU to which spatial modulation is applied in wireless LAN system

Abstract

Proposed are a method and a device for configuring allocation information for an RU or an MRU to which spatial modulation is applied in a wireless LAN system. Specifically, a reception STA receives a PPDU from a transmission STA. The reception STA decodes the PPDU. The PPDU includes control information for spatial modulation. The control information for spatial modulation includes first and second fields. The first field includes allocation information of the RU or the MRU for spatial modulation. The second field includes user information for spatial modulation.

Description

Method and device for configuring allocation information for RU or MRU to which spatial modulation is applied in a wireless LAN system

[0001] The present specification relates to a technique for configuring allocation information for an RU or MRU to which spatial modulation is applied in a wireless LAN system, and more specifically, to a method and device for transmitting and interpreting allocation information for an RU or MRU to which spatial modulation is applied by utilizing an existing RU Allocation field.

[0002] Wireless local area networks (WLANs) have been improved in various ways. For example, the IEEE 802.11ax standard proposed an improved communication environment using orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and downlink multi-user multiple input, multiple output (DL MU MIMO) techniques.

[0003] This specification proposes technical features that can be utilized in a new communications standard. For example, the new communications standard could be the Extreme High Throughput (EHT) standard, which is currently under discussion. The EHT standard could utilize newly proposed increased bandwidth, an improved PHY layer protocol data unit (PPDU) structure, improved sequences, and the Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) technique. The EHT standard could also be referred to as the IEEE 802.11be standard.

[0004] New wireless LAN standards may allow for an increased number of spatial streams. This may necessitate improvements to signaling techniques within the wireless LAN system to properly utilize these increased spatial streams.

[0005] The present specification proposes a method and device for configuring allocation information for an RU or MRU to which spatial modulation is applied in a wireless LAN system.

[0006] An example of this specification proposes a method for configuring allocation information for an RU or MRU to which spatial modulation is applied.

[0007] The present embodiment can be performed in a network environment that supports a next-generation wireless LAN system (UHR (Ultra High Reliability) wireless LAN system or next wi-fi). The next-generation wireless LAN system is a wireless LAN system that improves the 802.11be system and can satisfy backward compatibility with the 802.11be system.

[0008] This embodiment is performed in a receiving STA, and the receiving STA may correspond to at least one STA (station). The transmitting STA may correspond to an AP (access point).

[0009] This embodiment proposes a method for configuring a control field to allocate wireless resources using spatial modulation, a technology that increases transmission rates by informing whether a specific antenna is on or off. In particular, the present specification proposes a method for allocating or interpreting RUs or MRUs using spatial modulation by configuring an RU allocation field and a user field of the control field.

[0010] A receiving STA (station) receives a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit) from a transmitting STA.

[0011] The receiving STA decodes the PPDU.

[0012] The above PPDU includes control information for spatial modulation. The control information for spatial modulation may be a UHR-SIG field.

[0013] The control information for the above spatial modulation includes first and second fields. The first field includes allocation information of a Resource Unit (RU) or Multiple Resource Unit (MRU) for the spatial modulation. The second field includes user information (or a user field) for the spatial modulation.

[0014] The allocation information of the RU or MRU for the above spatial modulation is the same as the allocation information of a general RU or general MRU to which the above spatial modulation is not applied, but can be configured so that only one receiving STA is mapped (or allocated) to the RU or MRU to which MU-MIMO (Multi User-Multi Input Multi Output) is applied. That is, the receiving STA to which the above spatial modulation is applied cannot be multiplexed and allocated to the RU or MRU to which the MU-MIMO is applied.

[0015] The above-mentioned general RU or general MRU and the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation have the same frequency resources and can be distinguished by spatial resources. Since the frequency resources are the same, the allocation information of the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation can be indicated by directly utilizing the RU Allocation field (or subfield) indicating the allocation information of the general RU or general MRU.

[0016] That is, the present embodiment proposes a method for configuring control information for transmitting and interpreting allocation information for an RU or MRU to which the above spatial modulation is applied.

[0017] According to the embodiment proposed in this specification, by allocating an RU or MRU to which the spatial modulation is applied to a receiving STA by utilizing the existing RU Allocation field (or subfield) as is, there is no need to define and transmit a separate field, thereby reducing signaling overhead or frame overhead.

[0018] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a transmitting device and / or a receiving device of the present specification.

[0019] Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0020] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating a general link setup process.

[0021] Figure 4 illustrates one embodiment of a multi-link (ML).

[0022] FIG. 5 illustrates a PPDU (physical protocol data unit or physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit) transmitted / received by an STA of this specification.

[0023] Figure 6 is a diagram showing the layout of resource units (RUs) used for 20MHz PPDU.

[0024] Figure 7 is a diagram showing the layout of resource units (RUs) used for 40MHz PPDU.

[0025] Figure 8 is a diagram showing the layout of resource units (RUs) used for 80MHz PPDU.

[0026] Figure 9 shows the operation according to UL-MU.

[0027] Figure 10 shows an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 2.4 GHz band.

[0028] Figure 11 illustrates an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 5 GHz band.

[0029] Figure 12 illustrates an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 6 GHz band.

[0030] Figure 13 shows an example of a header of a MAC frame.

[0031] FIG. 14 illustrates a modified example of a transmitting device and / or a receiving device of the present specification.

[0032] Figure 15 shows an example of EHT non-TB sounding.

[0033] Figure 16 shows an example of EHT TB sounding.

[0034] Figure 17 shows an example of the EHT NDP Announcement frame format.

[0035] Figure 18 illustrates an example block diagram of a TX device implementing spatial modulation.

[0036] Figure 19 illustrates an example of an RU allocation field defined in an 802.11be wireless LAN system.

[0037] Figure 20 illustrates an example of an RU allocation field defined in an 802.11be wireless LAN system.

[0038] Figure 21 illustrates an example of an RU allocation field defined in an 802.11be wireless LAN system.

[0039] Figure 22 illustrates an example of an RU allocation field defined in an 802.11be wireless LAN system.

[0040] Figure 23 illustrates an example of an RU allocation field defined in an 802.11be wireless LAN system.

[0041] Figure 24 illustrates an example of an RU allocation field defined in an 802.11be wireless LAN system.

[0042] Figure 25 illustrates Example 1 in which a general RU and an SM RU are mapped to an STA.

[0043] Figure 26 illustrates Example 2 in which a general RU and an SM RU are mapped to an STA.

[0044] Figure 27 illustrates Example 3 in which a general RU and an SM RU are mapped to an STA.

[0045] Figure 28 illustrates Example 4 in which a general RU and an SM RU are mapped to an STA.

[0046] Figure 29 illustrates an example of a PPDU of this specification.

[0047] FIG. 30 illustrates a procedure for transmitting information about a wireless resource to which a transmitting device according to the present embodiment applies spatial modulation.

[0048] FIG. 31 illustrates a procedure for a receiving device according to the present embodiment to receive information about a wireless resource to which spatial modulation is applied.

[0049] Figure 32 illustrates the overall procedure for allocating wireless resources applying spatial modulation according to the present embodiment.

[0050] Figure 33 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a transmitting device according to the present embodiment.

[0051] Figure 34 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a receiving device according to the present embodiment.

[0052] FIG. 35 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for allocating wireless resources when a transmitting STA applies spatial modulation according to the present embodiment.

[0053] FIG. 36 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for receiving allocation information for wireless resources when a receiving STA according to the present embodiment applies spatial modulation.

[0054] In this specification, “A or B” can mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” In other words, “A or B” in this specification can be interpreted as “A and / or B.” For example, “A, B or C” in this specification can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B, and C.”

[0055] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma can mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" can mean "and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C."

[0056] In this specification, “at least one of A and B” can mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in this specification, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” can be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”

[0057] In addition, parentheses used in this specification may mean “for example.” Specifically, when “control information (UHR-Signal field)” is indicated, the “UHR-Signal field” may be suggested as an example of “control information.” In other words, the “control information” in this specification is not limited to the “UHR-Signal field,” and the “UHR-Signal field” may be suggested as an example of “control information.” In addition, even when indicated as “control information (UHR-Signal field),” the “UHR-Signal field” may be suggested as an example of “control information.”

[0058] Additionally, as used herein, “a / an” can mean “at least one” or “one or more.” Additionally, terms ending in “(s)” can mean “at least one” or “one or more.”

[0059] Additionally, the expressions “based on” or “on the basis of” or “according to” used herein mean “based at least in part on” and not “based solely on.”

[0060] Technical features individually described in a single drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0061] The following examples of this specification can be applied to various wireless communication systems. For example, the following examples of this specification can be applied to wireless local area network (WLAN) systems. For example, the present specification can be applied to the IEEE 802.11a / g / n / ac / ax / be / bn standards. In addition, the examples of this specification can be applied to the Ultra High Reliability (UHR) standard or the next-generation wireless LAN standard that enhances IEEE 802.11bn. In addition, the examples of this specification can be applied to mobile communication systems. For example, the examples of this specification can be applied to mobile communication systems based on Long Term Evolution (LTE) and its evolution based on the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard.

[0062] In order to explain the technical features of this specification, the technical features to which this specification can be applied are described below.

[0063] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a transmitting device and / or a receiving device of the present specification.

[0064] An example of FIG. 1 can perform various technical features described below. FIG. 1 relates to at least one STA (station). For example, the STA (110, 120) of the present specification may also be referred to by various names such as a mobile terminal, a wireless device, a Wireless Transmit / Receive Unit (WTRU), a User Equipment (UE), a Mobile Station (MS), a Mobile Subscriber Unit, or simply a user. The STA (110, 120) of the present specification may also be referred to by various names such as a network, a base station, a Node-B, an access point (AP), a repeater, a router, a relay, etc. The STA (110, 120) of the present specification may also be referred to by various names such as a receiving apparatus, a transmitting apparatus, a receiving STA, a transmitting STA, a receiving device, a transmitting device, etc.

[0065] For example, STA (110, 120) may perform the role of an AP (access point) or a non-AP role. That is, STA (110, 120) of the present specification may perform the functions of an AP and / or a non-AP. In the present specification, AP may also be indicated as an AP STA.

[0066] The STA (110, 120) of this specification can support various communication standards other than the IEEE 802.11 standard. For example, it can support communication standards according to the 3GPP standard (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR standard). In addition, the STA of this specification can be implemented in various devices such as mobile phones, vehicles, and personal computers. In addition, the STA of this specification can support communication for various communication services such as voice calls, video calls, data communications, and autonomous driving (Self-Driving, Autonomous-Driving).

[0067] In this specification, STA (110, 120) may include a medium access control (MAC) and a physical layer interface for a wireless medium that follow the provisions of the IEEE 802.11 standard.

[0068] Based on the sub-drawing (a) of Fig. 1, STA (110, 120) is described as follows.

[0069] The first STA (110) may include a processor (111), a memory (112), and a transceiver (113). The illustrated processor, memory, and transceiver may each be implemented as separate chips, or at least two blocks / functions may be implemented through a single chip.

[0070] The transceiver (113) of the first STA performs signal transmission and reception operations. Specifically, it can transmit and receive IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be, etc.).

[0071] For example, the first STA (110) can perform the intended operation of the AP. For example, the processor (111) of the AP can receive a signal through the transceiver (113), process the received signal, generate a transmission signal, and perform control for signal transmission. The memory (112) of the AP can store a signal received through the transceiver (113) (i.e., a reception signal) and store a signal to be transmitted through the transceiver (i.e., a transmission signal).

[0072] For example, the second STA (120) can perform the intended operation of a non-AP STA. For example, the transceiver (123) of the non-AP performs signal transmission and reception operations. Specifically, it can transmit and receive IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be, etc.).

[0073] For example, the processor (121) of the Non-AP STA can receive a signal through the transceiver (123), process the received signal, generate a transmission signal, and perform control for signal transmission. The memory (122) of the Non-AP STA can store a signal received through the transceiver (123) (i.e., a reception signal) and store a signal to be transmitted through the transceiver (i.e., a transmission signal).

[0074] For example, in the specification below, the operation of a device indicated as AP may be performed in the first STA (110) or the second STA (120). For example, if the first STA (110) is an AP, the operation of the device indicated as AP may be controlled by the processor (111) of the first STA (110), and a related signal may be transmitted or received through a transceiver (113) controlled by the processor (111) of the first STA (110). In addition, control information related to the operation of the AP or a transmission / reception signal of the AP may be stored in the memory (112) of the first STA (110). In addition, when the second STA (110) is an AP, the operation of the device indicated as an AP is controlled by the processor (121) of the second STA (120), and a related signal can be transmitted or received through a transceiver (123) controlled by the processor (121) of the second STA (120). In addition, control information related to the operation of the AP or the transmission / reception signal of the AP can be stored in the memory (122) of the second STA (110).

[0075] For example, in the specification below, the operation of a device indicated as a non-AP (or User-STA) may be performed in the STA (110) or the second STA (120). For example, if the second STA (120) is a non-AP, the operation of the device indicated as a non-AP may be controlled by the processor (121) of the second STA (120), and a related signal may be transmitted or received through a transceiver (123) controlled by the processor (121) of the second STA (120). In addition, control information related to the operation of the non-AP or the transmission / reception signal of the AP may be stored in the memory (122) of the second STA (120). For example, if the first STA (110) is a non-AP, the operation of a device indicated as a non-AP is controlled by the processor (111) of the first STA (110), and a related signal may be transmitted or received through a transceiver (113) controlled by the processor (111) of the first STA (120). In addition, control information related to the operation of the non-AP or the transmission / reception signal of the AP may be stored in the memory (112) of the first STA (110).

[0076] In the following specification, devices called (transmitting / receiving) STA, first STA, second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, first AP, second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmitting / receiving) Terminal, (transmitting / receiving) device, (transmitting / receiving) apparatus, network, etc. may refer to the STA (110, 120) of FIG. 1. For example, devices indicated as (transmitting / receiving) STA, first STA, second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, first AP, second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmitting / receiving) Terminal, (transmitting / receiving) device, (transmitting / receiving) apparatus, network, etc. without specific drawing symbols may also refer to the STA (110, 120) of FIG. 1. For example, in the example below, the operation of various STAs transmitting and receiving signals (e.g., PPPDU) may be performed by the transceiver (113, 123) of FIG. 1. In addition, in the example below, the operation of various STAs generating transmission and reception signals or performing data processing or calculations in advance for transmission and reception signals may be performed by the processor (111, 121) of FIG. 1.For example, an example of an operation that generates a transmission / reception signal or performs data processing or operation in advance for a transmission / reception signal may include 1) an operation of determining / obtaining / configuring / computing / decoding / encoding bit information of a subfield (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) field included in a PPDU, 2) an operation of determining / configuring / obtaining time resources or frequency resources (e.g., subcarrier resources) used for a subfield (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) field included in a PPDU, 3) an operation of determining / configuring / obtaining a specific sequence (e.g., a pilot sequence, an STF / LTF sequence, an extra sequence applied to SIG) used for a subfield (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) field included in a PPDU, 4) a power control operation and / or a power saving operation applied to an STA, 5) an operation related to determining / obtaining / configuring / computing / decoding / encoding an ACK signal, etc. Additionally, in the examples below, various information (e.g., information related to fields / subfields / control fields / parameters / power, etc.) used by various STAs for determining / acquiring / configuring / computing / decoding / encoding transmission / reception signals can be stored in the memory (112, 122) of FIG. 1.

[0077] The device / STA of the sub-drawing (a) of the above-described Fig. 1 can be modified as in the sub-drawing (b) of Fig. 1. Hereinafter, the STA (110, 120) of the present specification will be described based on the sub-drawing (b) of Fig. 1.

[0078] For example, the transceiver (113, 123) illustrated in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1 may perform the same function as the transceiver illustrated in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1 described above. For example, the processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1 may include a processor (111, 121) and a memory (112, 122). The processor (111, 121) and the memory (112, 122) illustrated in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1 may perform the same function as the processor (111, 121) and the memory (112, 122) illustrated in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1 described above.

[0079] The mobile terminal, wireless device, Wireless Transmit / Receive Unit (WTRU), User Equipment (UE), Mobile Station (MS), Mobile Subscriber Unit, user, user STA, network, Base Station, Node-B, Access Point (AP), repeater, router, relay, receiving device, transmitting device, receiving STA, transmitting STA, receiving Device, transmitting Device, receiving Apparatus, and / or transmitting Apparatus described below may refer to the STA (110, 120) illustrated in the sub-drawings (a) / (b) of FIG. 1, or may refer to the processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in the sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1. That is, the technical feature of the present specification may be performed in the STA (110, 120) illustrated in the sub-drawings (a) / (b) of FIG. 1, or may be performed only in the processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in the sub-drawings (b) of FIG. 1. For example, the technical feature that the transmitting STA transmits a control signal may be understood as a technical feature that the control signal generated in the processor (111, 121) illustrated in the sub-drawings (a) / (b) of FIG. 1 is transmitted through the transceiver (113, 123) illustrated in the sub-drawings (a) / (b) of FIG. 1. Alternatively, the technical feature that the transmitting STA transmits a control signal may be understood as a technical feature that the control signal to be transmitted to the transceiver (113, 123) is generated in the processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in the sub-drawings (b) of FIG. 1.

[0080] For example, the technical feature of a receiving STA receiving a control signal can be understood as a technical feature of a control signal being received by a transceiver (113, 123) illustrated in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1. Alternatively, the technical feature of a receiving STA receiving a control signal can be understood as a technical feature of a control signal received by a transceiver (113, 123) illustrated in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1 being acquired by a processor (111, 121) illustrated in sub-drawing (a) of FIG. 1. Alternatively, the technical feature of a receiving STA receiving a control signal can be understood as a technical feature of a control signal received by a transceiver (113, 123) illustrated in sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1 being acquired by a processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in sub-drawing (b) of FIG.

[0081] Referring to the sub-drawing (b) of FIG. 1, software code (115, 125) may be included in the memory (112, 122). The software code (115, 125) may include instructions that control the operation of the processor (111, 121). The software code (115, 125) may be included in various programming languages.

[0082] The processor (111, 121) or processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in FIG. 1 may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), another chipset, a logic circuit, and / or a data processing device. The processor may be an application processor (AP). For example, the processor (111, 121) or processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in FIG. 1 may include at least one of a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modem (modulator and demodulator). For example, the processor (111, 121) or processing chip (114, 124) illustrated in FIG. 1 may be a SNAPDRAGON™ series processor manufactured by Qualcomm®, an EXYNOSTM series processor manufactured by Samsung®, an A series processor manufactured by Apple®, a HELIO™ series processor manufactured by MediaTek®, an ATOM™ series processor manufactured by INTEL®, or an enhanced processor thereof.

[0083] In this specification, uplink may mean a link for communication from a non-AP STA to an AP STA, and uplink PPDU / packet / signal, etc. may be transmitted through the uplink. In addition, in this specification, downlink may mean a link for communication from an AP STA to a non-AP STA, and downlink PPDU / packet / signal, etc. may be transmitted through the downlink.

[0084] Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0085] The upper part of Figure 2 shows the structure of the infrastructure BSS (basic service set) of IEEE (institute of electrical and electronic engineers) 802.11.

[0086] The upper part of Figure 2 shows the structure of the infrastructure BSS (basic service set) of IEEE (institute of electrical and electronic engineers) 802.11.

[0087] Referring to the top of FIG. 2, the wireless LAN system may include one or more infrastructure BSSs (200, 205) (hereinafter, BSS). The BSSs (200, 205) are a collection of APs and STAs, such as an access point (AP) 225 and a station (STA1, 200-1), that have successfully synchronized and can communicate with each other, and are not a concept that designates a specific area. The BSS (205) may also include one or more STAs (205-1, 205-2) that can be associated with one AP (230).

[0088] A BSS may include at least one STA, an AP (225, 230) providing a distribution service, and a distribution system (DS, 210) connecting multiple APs.

[0089] A distributed system (210) can connect multiple BSSs (200, 205) to implement an extended service set (ESS, 240). An ESS (240) can be used as a term to indicate a network formed by connecting one or more APs through the distributed system (210). APs included in a single ESS (240) can have the same SSID (service set identification).

[0090] The portal (portal, 220) can act as a bridge to connect a wireless LAN network (IEEE 802.11) to another network (e.g., 802.X).

[0091] In a BSS such as the upper part of Fig. 2, a network between APs (225, 230) and a network between APs (225, 230) and STAs (200-1, 205-1, 205-2) can be implemented. However, it may also be possible to establish a network and perform communication between STAs without an AP (225, 230). A network that establishes a network and performs communication between STAs without an AP (225, 230) is defined as an ad-hoc network or an independent basic service set (IBSS).

[0092] The bottom of Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing IBSS.

[0093] Referring to the bottom of Fig. 2, the IBSS is a BSS that operates in ad-hoc mode. Since the IBSS does not include an AP, there is no centralized management entity. That is, in the IBSS, the STAs (250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, 255-5) are managed in a distributed manner. In the IBSS, all STAs (250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, 255-5) can be mobile STAs, and access to the distributed system is not permitted, forming a self-contained network.

[0094] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating a general link setup process.

[0095] In step S310, the STA may perform a network discovery operation. This network discovery operation may include scanning by the STA. That is, for the STA to access the network, it must find a network it can join. Before joining a wireless network, the STA must identify compatible networks. The process of identifying networks in a specific area is called scanning. Scanning methods include active scanning and passive scanning.

[0096] Figure 3 illustrates a network discovery operation that includes an active scanning process as an example. In active scanning, an STA performing scanning transmits a probe request frame to discover which APs exist in the vicinity while moving between channels and waits for a response. A responder transmits a probe response frame to the STA that transmitted the probe request frame in response to the probe request frame. Here, the responder may be the STA that last transmitted a beacon frame in the BSS of the channel being scanned. In a BSS, the AP transmits the beacon frame, so the AP becomes the responder. In an IBSS, the STAs within the IBSS take turns transmitting beacon frames, so the responder is not constant. For example, an STA that transmits a probe request frame on channel 1 and receives a probe response frame on channel 1 can store BSS-related information included in the received probe response frame and move to the next channel (e.g., channel 2) to perform scanning (i.e., transmitting and receiving probe requests / responses on channel 2) in the same manner.

[0097] Although not shown in the example of FIG. 3, the scanning operation can also be performed in a passive scanning manner. An STA performing scanning based on passive scanning can wait for a beacon frame while moving between channels. A beacon frame is one of the management frames in IEEE 802.11. It announces the presence of a wireless network and is periodically transmitted so that the scanning STA can find the wireless network and participate in the wireless network. In the BSS, the AP periodically transmits the beacon frame, and in the IBSS, the STAs within the IBSS take turns transmitting the beacon frame. When the scanning STA receives a beacon frame, it stores the information about the BSS included in the beacon frame and moves to another channel, recording the beacon frame information on each channel. An STA that receives a beacon frame can store the BSS-related information included in the received beacon frame, move to the next channel, and perform scanning on the next channel in the same manner.

[0098] An STA that discovers a network can perform an authentication process through step S320. This authentication process may be referred to as the first authentication process to clearly distinguish it from the security setup operation of step S340 described below. The authentication process of S320 may include a process in which the STA transmits an authentication request frame to the AP, and the AP responds by transmitting an authentication response frame to the STA. The authentication frame used for the authentication request / response corresponds to a management frame.

[0099] The authentication frame may include information such as an authentication algorithm number, an authentication transaction sequence number, a status code, a challenge text, a Robust Security Network (RSN), and a Finite Cyclic Group.

[0100] An STA can transmit an authentication request frame to an AP. The AP can determine whether to grant authentication to the STA based on the information contained in the received authentication request frame. The AP can provide the result of the authentication process to the STA via an authentication response frame.

[0101] A successfully authenticated STA may perform an association process based on step S330. The association process includes a process in which the STA transmits an association request frame to the AP, and the AP transmits an association response frame to the STA in response. For example, the association request frame may include information related to various capabilities, such as a beacon listen interval, a service set identifier (SSID), supported rates, supported channels, RSN, mobility domain, supported operating classes, a Traffic Indication Map Broadcast request, and interworking service capabilities. For example, the association response frame may contain information related to various capabilities, status codes, Association ID (AID), supported rates, Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) parameter sets, Received Channel Power Indicator (RCPI), Received Signal to Noise Indicator (RSNI), mobility domains, timeout interval (association comeback time), overlapping BSS scan parameters, TIM broadcast response, QoS maps, etc.

[0102] In step S340, the STA may perform a security setup process. The security setup process of step S340 may include, for example, a process of setting up a private key through a four-way handshaking using an Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL) frame.

[0103] Figure 4 illustrates one embodiment of a multi-link (ML).

[0104] As illustrated in FIG. 4, multiple multi-link devices (MLDs) can communicate over a remote link. The MLDs can be categorized into AP MLDs including multiple AP STAs and non-AP MLDs including multiple non-AP STAs. That is, the AP MLD can include affiliated APs (i.e., AP STAs), and the non-AP MLD can include affiliated STAs (i.e., non-AP STAs, or user-STAs).

[0105] A multilink may include a first link and a second link, and different channels / subchannels / frequency resources may be allocated to the first and second links. The first and second multilinks may be identified through a link ID of 4 bits (or other n bits). The first and second links may be configured in the same 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz band. Alternatively, the first link and the second link may be configured in different bands.

[0106] The AP MLD of FIG. 4 includes three affiliated APs. In the example of FIG. 4, AP1 may operate in the 2.4 GHz band, AP2 may operate in the 5 GHz band, and AP3 may operate in the 6 GHz band. In the example of FIG. 4, the first link in which AP1 and non-AP1 operate may be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 2.4 GHz band. Furthermore, in the example of FIG. 4, the second link in which AP2 and non-AP2 operate may be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 5 GHz band. Furthermore, in the example of FIG. 4, the third link in which AP3 and non-AP3 operate may be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 6 GHz band.

[0107] In the example of FIG. 4, AP1 may initiate a multi-link setup procedure (ML setup procedure) by transmitting an Association Request frame to non-AP STA1. In the example of FIG. 4, non-AP STA1 may transmit an Association Response frame in response to the Association Request frame. Each AP (e.g., AP1 / 2 / 3) illustrated in FIG. 4 may be identical to the AP illustrated in FIG. 1 and / or FIG. 2, and each non-AP (e.g., non-AP1 / 2 / 3) illustrated in FIG. 4 may be identical to the STA (i.e., user-STA or non-AP STA) illustrated in FIG. 1 and / or FIG. 2.

[0108] The specific features of this specification are not limited to the specific features of FIG. 4. That is, the number of links can be defined in various ways, and multiple links can be defined in various ways within at least one band.

[0109] FIG. 5 illustrates a PPDU (physical protocol data unit or physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit) transmitted / received by an STA of this specification.

[0110] The STA (e.g., AP STA, non-AP STA, AP MLD, non-AP MLD) of the present specification can transmit and / or receive the PPDU of FIG. 5. The PPDU described in the present specification may have, for example, the structure of FIG. 5. In addition, the PPDU described in the present specification may be called by various names such as a transmission PPDU, a reception PPDU, a first type PPDU, or an Nth type PPDU, etc. The PPDU described in the present specification can be used in a WLAN system defined according to IEEE 802.11bn and / or a next-generation WLAN system that improves IEEE 802.11bn.

[0111] The PPDU of FIG. 5 may be related to various PPDU types used in a UHR system. For example, the example of FIG. 5 may be used for at least one of a single-user (SU) mode / type / transmission, a multi-user (MU) mode / type / transmission, and a null data packet (NDP) mode / type / transmission related to channel sounding. For example, if the example of FIG. 5 is related to NDP, the Data field illustrated may be omitted. If the PPDU of FIG. 5 is used for a trigger-based (TB) mode, the UHR-SIG of FIG. 5 may be omitted. In other words, an STA that has received a trigger frame for UL-MU (Uplink-MU) communication may transmit a PPDU with the UHR-SIG omitted in the example of FIG. 5.

[0112] In FIG. 5, L-STF or UHR-LTF may be called a preamble or physical preamble, and may be generated / transmitted / received / acquired / decoded in the physical layer (included in the transmitting / receiving STA).

[0113] Each block illustrated in Fig. 5 may be called a field / subfield / signal, etc. The names of these fields / subfields / signals may be, as illustrated in Fig. 5, L-STF (legacy short training field), L-LTF (legacy long training field), L-SIG (legacy signal), RL-SIG (repeated L-SIG), U-SIG (Universal Signal), UHR-SIG (UHR-signal), etc.

[0114] The subcarrier spacing of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and UHR-SIG fields in FIG. 5 may be set to 312.5 kHz, and the subcarrier spacing of the UHR-STF, UHR-LTF, and Data fields may be set to 78.125 kHz. That is, the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and UHR-SIG fields may be expressed in units of 312.5 kHz, and the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the UHR-STF, UHR-LTF, and Data fields may be expressed in units of 78.125 kHz.

[0115] In the PPDU of Fig. 5, L-LTF and L-STF may be identical to conventional fields (e.g., non-HT LTF and non-HT STF defined in conventional WLAN standards).

[0116] The L-SIG field of FIG. 5 may include, for example, 24 bits of bit information. For example, the 24 bits of information may include a 4 bit Rate field, a 1 bit Reserved bit, a 12 bit Length field, a 1 bit Parity bit, and a 6 bit Tail bit. For example, the 12 bit Length field may include information about the length or time duration of the PPDU. For example, the value of the 12 bit Length field may be determined based on the type of the PPDU. For example, if the PPDU is a non-HT (non-High Throughput), HT (High Throughput), VHT (Very High Throughput) PPDU, or an EHT (extremely high throughput) PPDU or UHR PPDU, the value of the Length field may be determined as a multiple of 3. For example, if the PPDU is a HE PPDU, the value of the Length field may be determined as "a multiple of 3 + 1" or "a multiple of 3 + 2". In other words, for non-HT, HT, VHT PPDU, EHT PPDU, UHR PPDU, the value of the Length field can be determined as a multiple of 3, and for HE (High-Efficiency) PPDU, the value of the Length field can be determined as "a multiple of 3 + 1" or "a multiple of 3 + 2". In other words, the Length field in an UHR PPDU is set to a value satisfying the condition that the remainder is zero when LENGTH is divided by 3.

[0117] For example, (non-AP and AP) STAs can apply BCC encoding based on a code rate of 1 / 2 to the 24 bits of information in the L-SIG field. Then, the transmitting STA can obtain 48 BCC coded bits. BPSK modulation can be applied to the 48 coded bits to generate 48 BPSK symbols. The transmitting STA can map the 48 BPSK symbols to positions excluding the pilot subcarriers {subcarrier index -21, -7, +7, +21} and the DC subcarrier {subcarrier index 0}. As a result, the 48 BPSK symbols can be mapped to subcarrier indices -26 to -22, -20 to -8, -6 to -1, +1 to +6, +8 to +20, and +22 to +26. The transmitting STA can additionally map the signal {-1, -1, -1, 1} to the subcarrier indices {-28, -27, +27, +28}. The above signal can be used for channel estimation for the frequency domain corresponding to {-28, -27, +27, +28}.

[0118] For example, (non-AP and AP) STA can generate RL-SIG, which is generated in the same manner as L-SIG. BPSK modulation can be applied to RL-SIG. Receiving (non-AP and AP) STA can determine whether the received PPDU is a HE PPDU, EHT PPDU, or UHR PPDU based on the presence of RL-SIG. In other words, if RL-SIG is present, receiving (non-AP and AP) STA can determine whether the received PPDU is one of HE PPDU, EHT PPDU, or UHR PPDU. In other words, if RL-SIG is not present, receiving (non-AP and AP) STA can determine whether the received PPDU is one of non-HT PPDU, HT PPDU, or VHT PPDU. In other words, the RL-SIG field is a repeat of the L-SIG field and is used to differentiate an UHR PPDU from a non-HT PPDU, HT PPDU, and VHT PPDU.

[0119] After the RL-SIG in Fig. 5, a U-SIG (Universal SIG) may be inserted. The U-SIG may be called by various names such as the first SIG field, the first SIG, the first type SIG, the control signal, the control signal field, the first (type) control signal, the common control field, and the common control signal.

[0120] A U-SIG can contain N bits of information and can include information for identifying the type of EHT PPDU. For example, a U-SIG can be formed based on two symbols (e.g., two consecutive OFDM symbols). Each symbol (e.g., an OFDM symbol) for a U-SIG can have a duration of 4 microseconds. Each symbol of a U-SIG can be used to transmit 26 bits of information. For example, each symbol of a U-SIG can be transmitted and received based on 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones.

[0121] For example, A bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) can be transmitted through U-SIG, and the first symbol of U-SIG can transmit the first X bits of information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits) out of the total A bit information, and the second symbol of U-SIG can transmit the remaining Y bits of information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits) out of the total A bit information. For example, the transmitting STA can obtain 26 uncoded bits included in each U-SIG symbol. The transmitting STA can perform convolutional encoding (i.e., BCC encoding) based on a rate of R=1 / 2 to generate 52 coded bits, and perform interleaving on the 52 coded bits. The transmitting STA can perform BPSK modulation on the interleaved 52 coded bits to generate 52 BPSK symbols allocated to each U-SIG symbol. A single U-SIG symbol can be transmitted based on 56 tones (subcarriers) from subcarrier index -28 to subcarrier index +28, excluding DC index 0. The 52 BPSK symbols generated by the transmitting STA can be transmitted based on the remaining tones (subcarriers) excluding the pilot tones -21, -7, +7, and +21.

[0122] For example, A bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) transmitted by U-SIG may include a CRC field (e.g., a 4-bit long field) and a tail field (e.g., a 6-bit long field). The CRC field and the tail field may be transmitted through the second symbol of the U-SIG. The CRC field may be generated based on 26 bits allocated to the first symbol of the U-SIG and the remaining 16 bits excluding the CRC / tail field within the second symbol, and may be generated based on a conventional CRC calculation algorithm. In addition, the tail field may be used to terminate the trellis of the convolutional decoder and may be set to, for example, "000000".

[0123] The A bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) transmitted by the U-SIG (or U-SIG field) can be divided into version-independent bits and version-dependent bits. For example, the size of the version-independent bits can be fixed or variable. For example, the version-independent bits can be assigned only to the first symbol of the U-SIG, or the version-independent bits can be assigned to both the first symbol and the second symbol of the U-SIG. For example, the version-independent bits and the version-dependent bits can be called by various names, such as the first control bit and the second control bit.

[0124] For example, the version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include a 3-bit PHY version identifier. For example, the 3-bit PHY version identifier may include information related to the PHY version of the transmitted and received PPDU. For example, a first value (e.g., a value of 000) of the 3-bit PHY version identifier may indicate that the transmitted and received PPDU is an EHT PPDU. In addition, a second value (e.g., a value of 001) of the 3-bit PHY version identifier may indicate that the transmitted and received PPDU is an UHR PPDU.

[0125] In other words, when the (AP / non-AP) STA transmits an EHT PPDU, it can set the 3-bit PHY version identifier to the first value. In other words, the receiving (AP / non-AP) STA can determine that the received PPDU is an EHT PPDU based on the PHY version identifier having the first value, and can determine that the received PPDU is an UHR PPDU based on the PHY version identifier having the second value.

[0126] For example, the version-independent bits of U-SIG may include a 1-bit UL / DL flag field. The first value of the 1-bit UL / DL flag field relates to UL communication, and the second value of the UL / DL flag field relates to DL communication.

[0127] For example, the version-independent bits of U-SIG may include information about the length of a transmission opportunity (TXOP) and information about the BSS color ID.

[0128] For example, if a UHR PPDU is classified into various types (e.g., a type related to SU transmission (performed based on UL or DL), a type related to DL transmission, a type related to NDP transmission, a type related to DL non-MU-MIMO, a type related to DL MU-MIMO, a type related to Multi-AP operation, a type related to CBF (Coordinated beamforming), SR (Spatial Reuse), a type related to C-OFDMA (Coordinated OFDMA), a type related to C-TDMA (Coordinated TDMA)), information about the type of the EHT PPDU (e.g., 2-bit or 3-bit information) can be included in the version-dependent bits of the U-SIG.

[0129] For example, a U-SIG may include information about 1) a bandwidth field including information about a bandwidth, 2) a field including information about an MCS technique applied to the UHR-SIG, 3) an indication field including information about whether a dual subcarrier modulation (DCM) technique is applied to the UHR-SIG, 4) a field including information about the number of symbols used for the UHR-SIG, 5) a field including information about whether the UHR-SIG is generated over the entire band, 6) a field including information about the type of UHR-LTF / STF, and 7) a field indicating the length of the UHR-LTF and the CP length.

[0130] Preamble puncturing may be applied to the PPDU of FIG. 5. Preamble puncturing refers to applying puncturing to a portion of the entire bandwidth of the PPDU (e.g., the secondary 20 MHz band). For example, when an 80 MHz PPDU is transmitted, the STA applies puncturing to the secondary 20 MHz band within the 80 MHz band, and can transmit the PPDU only through the primary 20 MHz band and the secondary 40 MHz band.

[0131] For example, the pattern of preamble puncturing can be preset. For example, when the first puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing can be applied only to the secondary 20 MHz band within the 80 MHz band. For example, when the second puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing can be applied only to one of the two secondary 20 MHz bands included in the secondary 40 MHz band within the 80 MHz band. For example, when the third puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing can be applied only to the secondary 20 MHz band included in the primary 80 MHz band within the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band). For example, when the fourth puncturing pattern is applied, a primary 40 MHz band included in the primary 80 MHz band within the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band) may be present, and puncturing may be applied to at least one 20 MHz channel that does not belong to the primary 40 MHz band.

[0132] Information regarding preamble puncturing applied to the PPDU may be included in the U-SIG and / or UHR-SIG. For example, the first field of the U-SIG may include information regarding the contiguous bandwidth of the PPDU, and the second field of the U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing applied to the PPDU.

[0133] For example, U-SIG and UHR-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing based on the following method. If the bandwidth of the PPDU exceeds 80 MHz, the U-SIG may be individually configured in units of 80 MHz. For example, if the bandwidth of the PPDU is 160 MHz, the PPDU may include a first U-SIG for the first 80 MHz band and a second U-SIG for the second 80 MHz band. In this case, the first field of the first U-SIG may include information regarding the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the first U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information regarding the preamble puncturing pattern). Additionally, the first field of the second U-SIG may include information about a 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the second U-SIG may include information about preamble puncturing applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information about a preamble puncturing pattern). Meanwhile, the UHR-SIG consecutive to the first U-SIG may include information about preamble puncturing applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information about a preamble puncturing pattern), and the UHR-SIG consecutive to the second U-SIG may include information about preamble puncturing applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information about a preamble puncturing pattern).

[0134] Additionally or alternatively, U-SIG and UHR-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing based on the following methods. U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing for all bands (i.e., information regarding preamble puncturing patterns). That is, UHR-SIG may not include information regarding preamble puncturing, and only U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing (i.e., information regarding preamble puncturing patterns).

[0135] U-SIGs can be configured in 20 MHz units. For example, if an 80 MHz PPDU is configured, U-SIGs can be duplicated. That is, four identical U-SIGs can be included within an 80 MHz PPDU. PPDUs exceeding the 80 MHz bandwidth can contain different U-SIGs.

[0136] The UHR-SIG of FIG. 5 may include control information for a receiving STA. The UHR-SIG may be transmitted via at least one symbol, and each symbol may have a length of 4 us. Information regarding the number of symbols used for the UHR-SIG may be included in the U-SIG.

[0137] UHR-SIG provides additional signals to the U-SIG field to enable STAs to interpret / decode UHR PPDUs. The UHR-SIG field may contain U-SIG overflow bits that are common to all users. The UHR-SIG field also contains resource allocation information, allowing STAs to look up resources used in fields containing data fields / UHR-STF / UHR-LTF (i.e., UHR modulated fields of an UHR PPDU).

[0138] The frequency resources of the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and data fields illustrated in FIG. 5 can be determined based on RUs (resource units) defined by multiple subcarriers / tones. That is, the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and data fields of this specification can be transmitted / received through RUs (resource units) defined by multiple subcarriers / tones.

[0139] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the layout of resource units (RUs) used for a 20 MHz PPDU. That is, the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and / or data fields included in the 20 MHz PPDU can be transmitted / received through at least one of the various RUs defined in FIG. 6.

[0140] As shown at the top of Fig. 6, 26 units (i.e., units corresponding to 26 tones) can be arranged. Six tones can be used as a guard band in the leftmost band of the 20 MHz band, and five tones can be used as a guard band in the rightmost band of the 20 MHz band. In addition, seven DC tones can be inserted in the center band, i.e., the DC band, and 26 units corresponding to 13 tones can exist on each side of the DC band. In addition, 26 units, 52 units, and 106 units can be allocated to other bands. Each unit can be allocated for a receiving station, i.e., a user.

[0141] Meanwhile, the RU arrangement of FIG. 6 is utilized not only in a situation for multiple users (MUs) but also in a situation for a single user (SU), in which case it is possible to use one 242-unit as shown at the bottom of FIG. 4, in which case three DC tones can be inserted.

[0142] In the example of Fig. 6, RUs of various sizes, such as 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, and 242-RU, are proposed. Since the specific sizes of these RUs can be expanded or increased, the present embodiment is not limited to the specific size of each RU (i.e., the number of corresponding tones). In this specification, N-RU may be represented as N-tone RU, etc. For example, 26-RU may be represented as 26-tone RU.

[0143] Figure 7 is a diagram showing the layout of resource units (RUs) used for 40MHz PPDU.

[0144] As in the example of Fig. 6 where RUs of various sizes were used, the example of Fig. 7 can also use 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, 484-RU, etc. In addition, 5 DC tones can be inserted at the center frequency, 12 tones can be used as a guard band in the leftmost band of the 40 MHz band, and 11 tones can be used as a guard band in the rightmost band of the 40 MHz band.

[0145] Additionally, as illustrated, 484 RUs may be used when used for a single user. Meanwhile, the specific number of RUs may be changed, as in the example of FIG. 6.

[0146] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating the layout of resource units (RUs) used for an 80MHz PPDU. The layout of resource units (RUs) used in this specification may vary. For example, the layout of resource units (RUs) used in the 80MHz band may vary.

[0147] Figure 9 illustrates an operation according to UL-MU. As illustrated, a transmitting STA (e.g., AP) can perform channel access through contending (i.e., backoff operation) and transmit a trigger frame (930). That is, the transmitting STA (e.g., AP) can transmit a PPDU including a trigger frame (930). When a PPDU including a trigger frame is received, a TB (trigger-based) PPDU is transmitted after a delay of SIFS.

[0148] TB PPDUs (941, 942) are transmitted at the same time and can be transmitted from multiple STAs (e.g., User STAs) whose AIDs are indicated in the Trigger frame (930). The ACK frame (950) for the TB PPDU can be implemented in various forms.

[0149] Figure 10 shows an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 2.4 GHz band.

[0150] The 2.4 GHz band may be referred to by other names, such as the first band (band). Furthermore, the 2.4 GHz band may refer to a frequency range in which channels with a center frequency adjacent to 2.4 GHz (e.g., channels with a center frequency between 2.4 and 2.5 GHz) are used / supported / defined.

[0151] The 2.4 GHz band may include multiple 20 MHz channels. The 20 MHz within the 2.4 GHz band may have multiple channel indices (e.g., indices 1 through 14). For example, the center frequency of a 20 MHz channel assigned channel index 1 may be 2.412 GHz, the center frequency of a 20 MHz channel assigned channel index 2 may be 2.417 GHz, and the center frequency of a 20 MHz channel assigned channel index N may be (2.407 + 0.005*N) GHz. The channel indices may be referred to by various names, such as channel numbers. The specific numerical values ​​of the channel indices and center frequencies may change.

[0152] Figure 10 exemplarily illustrates four channels within the 2.4 GHz band. The illustrated first frequency region (1010) to fourth frequency region (1040) may each include one channel. For example, the first frequency region (1010) may include channel 1 (a 20 MHz channel having an index of 1). In this case, the center frequency of channel 1 may be set to 2412 MHz. The second frequency region (1020) may include channel 6. In this case, the center frequency of channel 6 may be set to 2437 MHz. The third frequency region (1030) may include channel 11. In this case, the center frequency of channel 11 may be set to 2462 MHz. The fourth frequency region (1040) may include channel 14. In this case, the center frequency of channel 14 may be set to 2484 MHz.

[0153] Figure 11 illustrates an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 5 GHz band.

[0154] The 5 GHz band may be referred to by other names, such as a second band / band, etc. The 5 GHz band may refer to a frequency range in which channels with center frequencies greater than or equal to 5 GHz and less than 6 GHz (or less than 5.9 GHz) are used / supported / defined. Alternatively, the 5 GHz band may include multiple channels between 4.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz. The specific figures shown in FIG. 11 are subject to change.

[0155] Multiple channels within the 5 GHz band include Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (UNII)-1, UNII-2, UNII-3, and ISM. UNII-1 may be referred to as UNII Low. UNII-2 may include frequency ranges called UNII Mid and UNII-2Extended. UNII-3 may be referred to as UNII-Upper.

[0156] Within the 5 GHz band, multiple channels can be configured, and the bandwidth of each channel can be variously configured, such as 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, or 160 MHz. For example, the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range within UNII-1 and UNII-2 can be divided into eight 20 MHz channels. The 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into four channels through a 40 MHz frequency domain. The 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into two channels through an 80 MHz frequency domain. Alternatively, the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into one channel through a 160 MHz frequency domain.

[0157] Figure 12 illustrates an example of channels used / supported / defined within the 6 GHz band.

[0158] The 6 GHz band may also be referred to by other names, such as the third band / band. The 6 GHz band may refer to the frequency range in which channels with center frequencies above 5.9 GHz are used, supported, or defined. The specific figures shown in Figure 12 are subject to change.

[0159] For example, the 20 MHz channel of FIG. 12 can be defined from 5.940 GHz. Specifically, the leftmost channel among the 20 MHz channels of FIG. 12 can have an index of 1 (or channel index, channel number, etc.), and a center frequency of 5.945 GHz can be assigned. That is, the center frequency of the indexed channel N can be determined as (5.940 + 0.005*N) GHz.

[0160] Accordingly, the indexes (or channel numbers) of the 20 MHz channels of FIG. 12 are 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, 41, 45, 49, 53, 57, 61, 65, 69, 73, 77, 81, 85, 89, 93, 97, 101, 105, 109, 113, 117, 121, 125, 129, 133, 137, 141, 145, 149, 153, 157, 161, 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 185, 189, 193, It can be 197, 201, 205, 209, 213, 217, 221, 225, 229, 233. Also, according to the (5.940 + 0.005*N) GHz rule mentioned above, the indices of the 40 MHz channels in Fig. 12 can be 3, 11, 19, 27, 35, 43, 51, 59, 67, 75, 83, 91, 99, 107, 115, 123, 131, 139, 147, 155, 163, 171, 179, 187, 195, 203, 211, 219, 227.

[0161] Below, the structure and types / subtypes of MAC frames are described.

[0162] Fig. 13 illustrates an example of a header of a MAC frame. As illustrated, the MAC frame may include a frame control field / information of 2 octets in length, a duration field / information of 2 octets in length, a RA (Receiver Address) field / information of 6 octets in length, and a TA (Transmitter Address) field / information of 6 octets in length. As illustrated in Fig. 13, the four fields may be consecutive to each other. The MAC header of Fig. 13 may be modified in various ways, and a new field may be inserted between the four illustrated fields, or at least one of the illustrated fields may be omitted.

[0163] The MAC header illustrated in Fig. 13 may be positioned at the very front of a MAC frame. That is, the MAC frame may include a MAC header as illustrated in Fig. 13 and MAC body fields / information subsequent to the MAC header. The MAC frame including the MAC header of Fig. 13 is inserted / included in the data field of the PPDU (e.g., UHR PPDU) illustrated in Fig. 5.

[0164] The MAC frames included in the data field of the PPDU of this specification can be classified into various types. For example, the MAC frames of this specification can be classified into control frames, management frames, and data frames.

[0165] For example, the management frame includes Association Request, Association Response, Reassociation Request, Reassociation Response, Probe Request, Probe Response, Beacon, Disassociation, Authentication, and Deauthentication frames / signals defined in conventional WLAN. For the management frame, the values ​​of the type fields (B3 and B2) in FIG. 13 are set to 00. In addition, the values ​​of the subtype fields (B7, B6, B5, B4) in FIG. 13 are as follows: Association Request (0000), Association Response (0001), Reassociation Request (0010), Reassociation Response (0011), Probe Request (0100), Probe Response (0101), Beacon (1000), Disassociation (1010), Authentication (1011), Deauthentication (1100).

[0166] For example, the control frame includes Trigger Beamforming Report Poll, NDP Announcement (NDPA), Control Frame Extension, Control Wrapper, Block Ack Request (BlockAckReq), Block Ack (BlockAck), PS-Poll, RTS, CTS, Ack, and CF-End frames / signals defined in conventional WLAN. For the control frame, the value of the type field (B3 and B2) in FIG. 13 is set to 01. Also, the values ​​of the subtype fields (B7, B6, B5, B4) of FIG. 13 are as follows: Trigger (0010), Beamforming Report Poll (0100), NDP Announcement (0101), Control Frame Extension (0110), Control Wrapper (0111), BlockAckReq (1000), BlockAck (1001), PS-Poll (1010), RTS (1011), CTS (1100), Ack (1101), CF-End (1110).

[0167] For example, the data frame includes (QoS) Data, (QoS) Null, etc. defined in conventional WLAN. For the management frame, the value of the type field (B3 and B2) of Fig. 13 is set to 10.

[0168] The MAC frame / signal used in this specification can be identified through the type field / information and subtype field / information described above. For example, “frame” in this specification can mean a MAC frame in which the type bits B3 and B2 bits in the frame control field of the MAC header are set to 01, and the subtype bits B7, B6, B5, and B4 bits in the frame control field are set to 0010. Various MAC frames described in this specification are inserted / included in the data fields of various PPDUs (e.g., HE / VHT / HE / EHT / UHR PPDUs).

[0169] FIG. 14 illustrates a modified example of a transmitting device and / or a receiving device of the present specification.

[0170] The devices (e.g., AP STA, non-AP STA) illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4 may be modified as illustrated in FIG. 14. The transceiver (630) of FIG. 14 may be identical to the transceivers (113, 123) of FIG. 1. The transceiver (630) of FIG. 14 may include a receiver and a transmitter.

[0171] The processor (610) of FIG. 14 may be identical to the processor (111, 121) of FIG. 1. Alternatively, the processor (610) of FIG. 14 may be identical to the processing chip (114, 124) of FIG. 1.

[0172] The memory (150) of FIG. 14 may be the same as the memory (112, 122) of FIG. 1. Alternatively, the memory (150) of FIG. 14 may be a separate external memory different from the memory (112, 122) of FIG. 1.

[0173] Referring to FIG. 14, a power management module (611) manages power to a processor (610) and / or a transceiver (630). A battery (612) supplies power to the power management module (611). A display (613) outputs results processed by the processor (610). A keypad (614) receives input to be used by the processor (610). The keypad (614) may be displayed on the display (613). A SIM card (615) may be an integrated circuit used to securely store an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) and an associated key used to identify and authenticate a subscriber in a mobile phone device, such as a mobile phone or computer.

[0174] Referring to FIG. 14, the speaker (640) can output sound-related results processed by the processor (610). The microphone (641) can receive sound-related input to be used by the processor (610).

[0175] 1. EHT sounding protocol

[0176] Transmit beamforming and Downlink Multi-User-Multi-Input-Multi-Output (DL MU-MIMO) require knowledge of the channel conditions to compute a steering matrix applied to the transmitted signal to optimize reception at one or more receivers. The EHT STA determines the channel condition information using the EHT sounding protocol. The EHT sounding protocol provides an explicit feedback mechanism, defined as EHT non-trigger-based (non-TB) sounding and EHT trigger-based (TB) sounding. Here, the EHT beamformee measures the channel using training signals transmitted by the EHT beamformer (i.e., the EHT sounding NDP) and sends back a transformed estimate of the channel condition. The EHT beamformer uses this estimate to derive the steering matrix.

[0177] EHT Beamformer returns an estimate of the channel state from an EHT compressed Beamforming / CQI report contained in one or more EHT Compressed Beamforming / CQI frames. There are three types of EHT compressed Beamforming / CQI reports.

[0178] - SU Feedback: EHT Compression Beamforming / CQI report consists of EHT Compression Beamforming report fields.

[0179] - MU Feedback: The EHT Compressed Beamforming / CQI report consists of an EHT Compressed Beamforming report field and an EHT MU Exclusive Beamforming report field.

[0180] - CQI Feedback: EHT Compression Beamforming / CQI Reporting consists of an EHT CQI Reporting field.

[0181] Note that the use of EHT TB sounding does not necessarily imply MU feedback. EHT TB sounding is also used to obtain SU feedback and CQI feedback.

[0182] Figure 15 shows an example of EHT non-TB sounding.

[0183] The EHT non-TB sounding sequence is initiated by the EHT beamformer using an individually addressed EHT NDP Announcement frame containing exactly one STA information field, followed by an SIFS followed by the EHT sounding NDP. The EHT beamformer responds with an EHT Compressed Beamforming / CQI frame after an SIFS.

[0184] The AID11 subfield of the STA Information field shall be set to the AID of the STA identified by the RA field of the EHT NDP Announcement frame, or shall be set to 0 if the STA identified by the RA field is a mesh STA, AP, or IBSS STA.

[0185] An example of an EHT non-TB sounding sequence with a single EHT beamformer is shown in Fig. 12.

[0186] Figure 16 shows an example of EHT TB sounding.

[0187] An EHT TB sounding sequence is initiated by an EHT beamformer using a broadcast EHT NDP Announcement frame with two or more STA information fields, followed by an SIFS followed by an EHT sounding NDP, and followed by an SIFS followed by a Beamforming Report Poll (BFRP) trigger frame. Each EHT beamformee responds after an SIFS with an EHT TB PPDU containing one or more EHT Compressed Beamforming / CQI frames. A BFRP trigger frame transmitted within an EHT TB sounding sequence must request an EHT TB PPDU.

[0188] An example of an EHT TB sounding sequence with two or more EHT beamformers is shown in FIG. 13.

[0189] An EHT beamformer initiating an EHT TB sounding sequence must transmit an EHT NDP Announcement frame containing two or more STA information fields and the RA field set to the broadcast address.

[0190] The EHT beamformer may initiate an EHT TB sounding sequence to request SU, MU, or CQI feedback.

[0191] Figure 17 shows an example of the EHT NDP Announcement frame format.

[0192] The VHT / HE / EHT NDP Announcement frame has three variants: the VHT NDP Announcement frame, the HE NDP Announcement frame, and the EHT NDP Announcement frame. Each variant is distinguished by the configuration of the HE subfield and the Ranging subfield within the Sounding Dialog Token field.

[0193] The VHT / HE / EHT NDP Announcement frame contains at least one STA Info field. If the VHT / HE / EHT NDP Announcement frame contains only one STA Info field, the RA field is set to the address of an STA that can provide feedback. If the VHT / HE / EHT NDP Announcement frame contains more than one STA Info field, the RA field is set to the broadcast address.

[0194] The TA field is set to the address of the STA transmitting the VHT / HE / EHT NDP Announcement frame or the bandwidth signaling TA of the STA transmitting the VHT / HE / EHT NDP Announcement frame.

[0195] The Resolution subfield of the Partial BW Info subfield indicates the resolution bandwidth for each bit of the Feedback Bitmap subfield. The Feedback Bitmap subfield indicates the request for each resolution bandwidth from the lowest frequency to the highest frequency, with B1 indicating the lowest resolution bandwidth. Each bit of the Feedback Bitmap subfield is set to 1 if feedback is requested for the corresponding resolution bandwidth.

[0196] The Partial BW Info subfield is defined in the format at the bottom of Figure 14. The Resolution bit indicates the feedback resolution bandwidth. The Resolution bit is set to 0 to indicate a resolution of 20 MHz when the BW subfield is set to 0 to 3, and is set to 1 to indicate a resolution of 40 MHz when the BW subfield is set to 4. The Feedback Bitmap subfield indicates each resolution bandwidth for which the beamformer requests feedback. Each bit in the Feedback Bitmap subfield is set to 1 if feedback is requested for the corresponding bandwidth, and 0 otherwise.

[0197] If the bandwidth of the EHT NDP Announcement frame is less than 320 MHz, the Resolution bit B0 is set to 0 to indicate a resolution of 20 MHz.

[0198] - When the bandwidth of the EHT NDP Announcement frame is 20 MHz, B1 is set to 1 to indicate a feedback request for a 242-tone RU. B2-B8 are reserved and set to 0.

[0199] - When the bandwidth of the EHT NDP Announcement frame is 40 MHz, B1 and B2 indicate feedback requests for each of the two 242-tone RUs, from low to high frequency. B3-B8 are reserved and set to 0.

[0200] - When the bandwidth of the EHT NDP Announcement frame is 80 MHz, B1 to B4 represent feedback requests for each of the four 242-tone RUs, from low frequency to high frequency. B5 to B8 are reserved and set to 0. If B1 to B4 are all set to 1, it represents a feedback request for the 996-tone RU.

[0201] - When the bandwidth of the EHT NDP Announcement frame is 160 MHz, B1-B8 represent feedback requests for each of the eight 242-tone RUs from low to high frequency. If B1-B4 are all set to 1, it represents a feedback request for the lower 996-tone RU, and if B5-B8 are all set to 1, it represents a feedback request for the upper 996-tone RU.

[0202] When the bandwidth of the EHT NDP Announcement frame is 320 MHz, the Resolution bit B0 is set to 1 to indicate a resolution of 40 MHz. B1 through B8 represent feedback requests for each of the eight 484-tone RUs from low to high frequency. When B1 and B2 are both set to 1, it represents a feedback request for the lowest 996-tone RU, when B3 and B4 are both set to 1, it represents a feedback request for the second-lowest 996-tone RU, when B5 and B6 are both set to 1, it represents a feedback request for the second-highest 996-tone RU, and when B7 and B8 are both set to 1, it represents a feedback request for the highest 996-tone RU.

[0203] 2. Spatial modulation

[0204] Spatial modulation is a technology that increases transmission rate by digitizing the on / off status of antennas. It is particularly useful in situations where the number of transmit antennas exceeds the number of transmit streams, resulting in higher transmission rate gains without compromising the number of transmission streams. However, it has the disadvantage of requiring a complex receiver based on the Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR) to detect which antennas are active.

[0205] Figure 18 illustrates an example block diagram of a TX device implementing spatial modulation.

[0206] Referring to Fig. 18, Spatial Modulation (SM) can be implemented by introducing a Spatial-Antenna Stream (SAS) into a wireless LAN system. On the TX side, a spatial stream (SS) is mapped to a spatial antenna stream, and the spatial antenna stream is mapped to a TX antenna.

[0207] At this time, the spatial streams (SS) are sorted according to transmission priority and are less than or equal to the number of RXs. The spatial streams are mapped to spatial antenna streams (SAS) through the introduced SM. The SAS can be mapped to TX antennas using a solution, and the number of TX antennas is greater than or equal to the SAS.

[0208] CSD (Cyclic Shift Diversity) can be applied to SS.

[0209] The number of LTFs follows the number of available SAS, not the SS. LTF expansion can be applied according to the P-matrix expansion (e.g., for 4 SAS cases, a 4X4 or 4X8 P-matrix can be applied).

[0210] The linear operating range of the TX power amplifier must be flexible enough to support cases where the maximum TX power is split across the streams between SS and SAS.

[0211] To introduce spatial modulation into a wireless LAN system, information generated by spatial modulation must be assigned to STAs. This information refers to data bits modulated by antenna status for each data subcarrier.

[0212] Therefore, this specification proposes a method for allocating wireless resources generated by applying spatial modulation technology to STAs.

[0213] 3. Method of allocating wireless resources generated by applying spatial modulation technology to STAs

[0214] 1) Define three types of STAs

[0215] In this paper, we will discuss a method for allocating resources generated through spatial modulation (SM) in a situation where RU / MRU allocation is performed using the conventional method. Basically, the following three types of STAs are defined.

[0216] - Dual STA: An STA that is assigned both a general RU / MRU and a spatial modulation RU / MRU.

[0217] - SM STA: This is an STA that is assigned only spatial modulation RU / MRU.

[0218] - Normal STA: This is an STA that is assigned only normal RU / MRU.

[0219] A normal RU / MRU is an RU / MRU defined in the 802.11 tone plan. An SM RU / MRU can be configured as follows. In each RU / MRU, the pilot tones of the normal RU / MRU are not utilized.

[0220] - 26 SM RU

[0221] - 52 SM RU

[0222] - 106 SM RU

[0223] - 242 SM RU

[0224] - 484 SM RU

[0225] - 996 SM RU

[0226] - 2x 996 SM RU

[0227] - 4x 996 SM RU

[0228] - 52+26 SM MRU

[0229] - 106+26 SM MRU

[0230] - 484+242 SM MRU

[0231] - 996+484 SM MRU

[0232] - 996+484+242 SM MRU

[0233] - 2x996+484 SM MRU

[0234] - 3x996 SM MRU

[0235] - 3x996+484 SM MRU

[0236] Figures 19 to 24 illustrate examples of RU allocation fields defined in an 802.11be wireless LAN system.

[0237] When interpreting SM RU / MRU, the RU allocation field can be interpreted as follows. Basically, the interpretation of normal RU allocation and RU / MRU configuration is the same (see FIGS. 19 to 24), but the difference is that SM user multiplexing cannot be applied to RU / MRUs to which MU-MIMO (Multi User-Multi Input Multi Output) is applied. For example, when the RU Allocation field value is 65, it is mapped to one STA, unlike the normal RU / MRU interpretation (242 normal RUs are allocated to two Normal STAs) where it is mapped to two Normal STAs.

[0238] 2) How to map SM RU / MRU and STA and how to configure the user field of mapped STAs

[0239] Resource allocation in a downlink spatial modulation system can be performed in two ways:

[0240] - Method 1: Assign SM RU / MRU in the same location to STAs that have been assigned general RU / MRU.

[0241] - Method 2: Perform general RU / MRU allocation and SM RU / MRU allocation independently.

[0242] The following content proposes a method for mapping SM RU / MRU and STA in each method and a method for configuring the user field of the mapped STAs.

[0243] 2-1) Method 1

[0244] A. SM RU / MRU to STA mapping

[0245] i. Basically, SM RU / MRU to STA mapping is performed by interpreting the RU-Allocation field of SIG.

[0246] 1. If there is no MU-MIMO STA

[0247] Figure 25 illustrates Example 1 in which a general RU and an SM RU are mapped to an STA.

[0248] A. SM RU / MRU to STA mapping is performed in the same manner as the general RU / MRU to STA mapping rule. For example, let's assume that four 242 RUs are allocated in 80MHz BW. Referring to Fig. 25, if the RU Allocation field indicates the general RU to STA mapping of 242 (STA 1) / 242 (STA 2) / 242 (STA 3) / 242 (STA 4), this embodiment is a method for mapping SM RUs in the same location to the same STA. If mapping is performed in this way, all STAs become dual STAs.

[0249] 2. If there is MU-MIMO STA

[0250] Figure 26 illustrates Example 2 in which a general RU and an SM RU are mapped to an STA.

[0251] A. Except for RUs to which MU-MIMO is applied, the same SM RU / MRU to STA mapping rule as the general RU / MRU to STA mapping is performed. A general RU to which MU MIMO is applied will have two or more STAs mapped. In this case, the SM RU adopts a strategy of allocating the SM RU to only one of the mapped STAs. For example, as shown in Fig. 26, let's assume a case where three SU-MIMO (Single User-Multi Input Multi Output) 242 RUs and one MU-MIMO 242 RU are allocated in 80 MHz BW. The same STAs as the SU-MIMO general RUs in the same location are mapped to the SU-MIMO SM RUs. Only one STA between STA 3 and STA 4 can be mapped to the MU-MIMO SM RU. At this point, it may be desirable to allocate the SM resource to an STA with a lower index (STA 3 in this example) to reduce signaling overhead without losing generality. In this case, we can see that there are four dual STAs and one normal STA.

[0252] B. How to configure user fields

[0253] i. The user field of Dual STA may require the following two fields. That is, the existing user field needs to be extended and defined. Since the STA-ID is already indicated in the user field indicating the general RU, a design that does not indicate duplicate indication is possible, and if the user field of the SM STA is appended only in the corresponding order, the user field can be decoded without additional overhead. In this case, if there is an MU-MIMO STA, it is natural to append only the user field for the STA with the lowest index, and the STA can be implicitly identified and decoded.

[0254] 1. SM MCS field

[0255] A. This is a field that indicates the modulation order / coding rate of spatial modulation.

[0256] 2. SM coding field

[0257] A. This is a 1-bit field that indicates whether the coding applied to SM RU / MRU is BCC (binary convolution coding) or LDPC (low density parity check).

[0258] 2-2) Method 2

[0259] A. SM RU / MRU to STA mapping

[0260] i. Basically, SM RU / MRU to STA mapping is performed by interpreting the RU-Allocation field of SIG.

[0261] ii. In case of no MU-MIMO STA

[0262] Figure 27 illustrates Example 3 in which a general RU and an SM RU are mapped to an STA.

[0263] 1. Perform SM RU / MRU to STA mapping in the same way as the general RU / MRU to STA mapping rule. However, unlike method 1, SM RUs can be assigned to STAs that have not been assigned general RUs. For example, let's assume a situation where there are four 242 general RUs as shown in Fig. 27. You can see that STA 1 to STA 4 are assigned to the general RUs, and STA 5 to STA 8 are assigned to the four 242 SM RUs.

[0264] iii. If there is MU-MIMO STA

[0265] Figure 28 illustrates Example 4 in which a general RU and an SM RU are mapped to an STA.

[0266] 1. Only one STA can be assigned to each SM RU. Therefore, even if a specific general RU is an MU-MIMO general RU, only a single SM STA (or dual STA) can be assigned the SM RU corresponding to the general RU. For example, let's assume that there are four 242 general RUs, one of which is an MU-MIMO general RU, as shown in FIG. 28. In this case, only a single STA can be assigned to the SM RU corresponding to the general RU.

[0267] B. How to configure user fields

[0268] i. A new SM user field must be defined. The SM user field may include the STA-ID / SM MCS / Coding field.

[0269] 1. STA-ID field

[0270] A. This is the ID of SM STA (or dual STA).

[0271] 2. SM MCS field

[0272] A. Represents the MCS of spatial modulation.

[0273] 3. Coding field

[0274] A. This is the coding type applied to the bit stream of spatial modulation. 1 bit can be used to indicate BCC or LDPC.

[0275] C. User field append method

[0276] i. There are three main ways to append, depending on which type of STA you want to use.

[0277] 1. This method places SM user fields after all normal user fields. This minimizes the decoding complexity of normal STAs.

[0278] 2. This method places all SM user fields and then places normal user fields behind them. This minimizes the decoding complexity of SM STAs.

[0279] 3. This method alternates between the Normal user field and SM user field. It is a compromise between the two methods above.

[0280] 4. Device / method in which an example of this specification operates

[0281] 4.1. How the signals of this specification are transmitted / received

[0282] Figure 29 illustrates an example of a PPDU of this specification.

[0283] Fig. 29 is an example of a PPDU that can be used in a UHR system, and all or part of all parts (i.e., fields) illustrated can be divided into multiple subparts / subfields. Except for the LTF and Data fields, the remaining fields can be transmitted in units of 4us * N (N is an integer). The LTF and Data fields may not be in units of 4us depending on the GI length combination. A common subcarrier frequency spacing value (delta_f = 312.5 kHz / N or 312.5 kHz * N, where N is an integer) may be applied to all of the illustrated fields, or the first delta_f may be applied to the first part (e.g., all Legacy-Part, all / part of SIG-Part), and the second delta_f (e.g., a value smaller than the first delta_f) may be applied to all / part of the remaining parts.

[0284] The illustrated Legacy Part (100) may include at least one of a conventional Non-HT Short Training Field (L-STF), a Non-HT Long Training Field (L-LTF), and a Non-HT Signal Field (L-SIG).

[0285] The illustrated SIG-Part (200) may include various control information for the transmitted PPDU. For example, it may include control information for decoding the STF-Part (300), LTF-Part (400), and Data (500).

[0286] The illustrated STF-Part (300) may include an STF sequence.

[0287] The illustrated LTF-Part (400) may include a training field (i.e., an LTF sequence) for channel estimation.

[0288] The data field (500) includes user data and may include a packet for an upper layer. That is, it may include an MPDU (MAC Frame).

[0289] Beamforming can be applied to NDP's LTF symbols.

[0290] Additionally, since Fig. 29 is a predicted drawing, some of the fields shown may be omitted and the order of the fields may be changed in various ways.

[0291] 4.2. Methods of this specification

[0292] 1) Transmission method

[0293] FIG. 30 illustrates a procedure for transmitting information about a wireless resource to which a transmitting device according to the present embodiment applies spatial modulation.

[0294] An example of FIG. 30 can be performed at a transmitting device (AP and / or non-AP STA).

[0295] Some of the steps (or detailed sub-steps described below) in the example of Figure 30 may be omitted or changed.

[0296] S100: A transmitting device (transmitting STA) can obtain control information regarding spatial modulation. The information regarding spatial modulation may be RU allocation information for spatial modulation.

[0297] S200: The transmitting device may configure / generate a PPDU based on the acquired control information. The step of configuring / generating the PPDU may include a step of configuring / generating each field of the PPDU. That is, step S200 may include a step of configuring a UHR SIG field including control information regarding spatial modulation. That is, step S200 may include a step of configuring a field including control information indicating the size / position of the RU (e.g., an N bitmap) and / or a step of configuring a field including an identifier (e.g., an AID) of an STA receiving the RU.

[0298] Additionally, step S200 may include a step of generating an STF / LTF sequence to be transmitted via a specific RU. The STF / LTF sequence may be generated based on a preset STF generation sequence / LTF generation sequence.

[0299] Additionally, step S200 may include a step of generating a data field (i.e., MPDU) to be transmitted via a specific RU.

[0300] S300: The transmitting device can transmit the PPDU configured through the S200 step to the receiving device based on the S300 step.

[0301] While performing step S300, the transmitting device may perform at least one of operations such as CSD, Spatial Mapping, IDFT / IFFT operation, and GI insertion.

[0302] A signal / field / sequence configured according to this specification can be transmitted in the form of FIG. 29.

[0303] 2) Receiving method

[0304] FIG. 31 illustrates a procedure for a receiving device according to the present embodiment to receive information about a wireless resource to which spatial modulation is applied.

[0305] The above-described PPDU can be received according to an example of FIG. 31.

[0306] An example of FIG. 31 can be performed at a receiving device (AP and / or non-AP STA).

[0307] Some of the steps (or detailed sub-steps described below) in the example of Fig. 31 may be omitted.

[0308] S400: A receiving device (receiving STA) may receive all or part of a PPDU through step S400. The received signal may be in the form of FIG. 29.

[0309] The sub-step of step S400 can be determined based on step S300. That is, step S400 can perform operations to restore the results of CSD, Spatial Mapping, IDFT / IFFT operations, and GI insert operations applied in step S300.

[0310] S500: The receiving device can decode all or part of a PPDU. Additionally, the receiving device can obtain control information related to spatial modulation (RU Allocation, MCS, coding) from the decoded PPDU.

[0311] More specifically, the receiving device can decode the L-SIG, U-SIG, and UHR-SIG of the PPDU based on the Legacy STF / LTF, and obtain information included in the L-SIG, U-SIG, and UHR-SIG fields. Information regarding spatial modulation described in this specification can be included in UHR-SIG, etc., and the receiving STA can obtain information regarding spatial modulation (RU allocation, MCS, coding) through UHR-SIG.

[0312] S600: The receiving device can decode the remaining portion of the PPDU based on the spatial modulation information acquired through step S500. For example, the receiving STA can decode the STF / LTF field of the PPDU based on the spatial modulation information. Additionally, the receiving STA can decode the data field of the PPDU based on the spatial modulation information and obtain the MPDU included in the data field.

[0313] Additionally, the receiving device may perform a processing operation to transmit the decoded data through step S600 to a higher layer (e.g., MAC layer). Furthermore, if the generation of a signal is instructed from the higher layer to the PHY layer in response to the data transmitted to the higher layer, a subsequent operation may be performed.

[0314] 4.3. Devices of this specification

[0315] 1) Transmitter

[0316] The transmitting device may include a memory (1920), a processor (1910), and a transceiver (1930).

[0317] The above processor (1910) can perform all / part of the operations illustrated in FIG. 29.

[0318] The illustrated transceiver (1930) includes an antenna and can perform analog signal processing. Specifically, the processor (1910) can control the transceiver (1930) to transmit a PPDU generated by the processor (1910).

[0319] Alternatively, the processor (1910) may generate a transmission PPDU and store information about the transmission PPDU in the memory (1920).

[0320] The above processor (1910) can generate a first PPDU including an SM user field and transmit it through a transceiver (1930).

[0321] Additionally, the processor (1910) can transmit NDP through the transceiver (1930).

[0322] Additionally, the processor (1910) can transmit a PPDU to which spatial modulation is applied through a transceiver (1930).

[0323] 2) Receiving device

[0324] The receiving device may include a memory (2020), a processor (2010), and a transceiver (2030).

[0325] The transceiver (2030) can receive a PPDU based on the control of the processor (2010). For example, the transceiver (2030) may include multiple sub-units. For example, the transceiver (2030) may include at least one receiving antenna and a filter for the receiving antenna.

[0326] A PPDU received via a transceiver (2030) may be stored in a memory (2020). A processor (2010) may decode the received PPDU via the memory (2020). The processor (2010) may obtain control information (e.g., EHT-SIG) regarding Tone-Plan / RU included in the PPDU and store the obtained control information in the memory (2020).

[0327] The processor (2010) can perform decoding on the received PPDU. Specifically, it can perform operations to restore the results of CSD, Spatial Mapping, IDFT / IFFT operations, and GI insertion applied to the PPDU. The operations to restore the results of CSD, Spatial Mapping, IDFT / IFFT operations, and GI insertion can be performed by multiple processing units (not shown) individually implemented within the processor (2010).

[0328] Additionally, the processor (2010) can decode the data field of the PPDU received through the transceiver (2030).

[0329] Additionally, the processor (2010) may process the decoded data. For example, the processor (2010) may perform a processing operation to transmit information regarding the decoded data field to a higher layer (e.g., a MAC layer). Additionally, if the upper layer instructs the PHY layer to generate a signal in response to the data transmitted to the upper layer, a subsequent operation may be performed.

[0330] 4.4. Operational Examples of This Specification

[0331] Figure 32 illustrates the overall procedure for allocating wireless resources applying spatial modulation according to the present embodiment.

[0332] At step 3200, the AP determines how to allocate spatial modulation RUs to which STAs.

[0333] In step 3210, an EHT-SIG field (or UHR-SIG field) is configured based on the mapping information of the allocated RU and the STA. That is, a common field containing the RU allocation and a user field containing information on the STA allocated the spatial modulation RU are configured.

[0334] At step 3220, PPDU transmission is performed.

[0335] In step 3230, EHT-SIG is interpreted to obtain spatial modulation RU, MCS, and coding type information that each STA must read.

[0336] In step 3240, the STA proceeds with data decoding based on the above information.

[0337] Figure 33 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a transmitting device according to the present embodiment.

[0338] An example of FIG. 33 may be performed at a transmitting STA or transmitting device (AP and / or non-AP STA).

[0339] Some of the steps (or detailed sub-steps described below) in the example of Fig. 33 may be omitted or changed.

[0340] Through step S3310, the transmitting device (transmitting STA) can obtain information regarding the aforementioned Tone Plan. As described above, the information regarding the Tone Plan includes the size and location of the RU, control information related to the RU, information regarding the frequency band in which the RU is included, information regarding the STA receiving the RU, etc.

[0341] Through step S3320, the transmitting device can configure / generate a PPDU based on the acquired control information. The step of configuring / generating the PPDU may include a step of configuring / generating each field of the PPDU. That is, step S3320 may include a step of configuring an EHT-SIG field including control information regarding a Tone Plan. That is, step S3320 may include a step of configuring a field including control information indicating the size / position of an RU (e.g., an N bitmap) and / or a step of configuring a field including an identifier (e.g., an AID) of an STA receiving the RU.

[0342] Additionally, step S3320 may include a step of generating an STF / LTF sequence to be transmitted through a specific RU. The STF / LTF sequence may be generated based on a preset STF generation sequence / LTF generation sequence.

[0343] Additionally, step S3320 may include a step of generating a data field (i.e., MPDU) to be transmitted via a specific RU.

[0344] The transmitting device can transmit the PPDU configured through step S3320 to the receiving device based on step S3330.

[0345] While performing step S3330, the transmitting device may perform at least one of operations such as CSD, Spatial Mapping, IDFT / IFFT operation, and GI insertion.

[0346] A signal / field / sequence configured according to this specification can be transmitted in the form of FIG. 5.

[0347] Figure 34 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a receiving device according to the present embodiment.

[0348] The above-described PPDU can be received according to an example of FIG. 34.

[0349] An example of FIG. 34 may be performed at a receiving STA or receiving device (AP and / or non-AP STA).

[0350] Some of the steps (or detailed sub-steps described below) in the example of Fig. 34 may be omitted.

[0351] A receiving device (receiving STA) may receive all or part of a PPDU through step S3410. The received signal may have the form of FIG. 5.

[0352] The sub-step of step S3410 can be determined based on step S3330 of Fig. 33. That is, step S3410 can perform an operation to restore the results of the CSD, Spatial Mapping, IDFT / IFFT operations, and GI insert operations applied in step S3330.

[0353] At step S3420, the receiving device can decode all or part of the PPDU. Additionally, the receiving device can obtain control information related to the Tone Plan (i.e., RU) from the decoded PPDU.

[0354] More specifically, the receiving device can decode the L-SIG and EHT-SIG of the PPDU based on the Legacy STF / LTF and obtain information included in the L-SIG and EHT SIG fields. Information regarding various Tone Plans (i.e., RUs) described herein can be included in the EHT-SIG, and the receiving STA can obtain information regarding the Tone Plan (i.e., RU) through the EHT-SIG.

[0355] In step S3430, the receiving device can decode the remaining portion of the PPDU based on the information about the Tone Plan (i.e., RU) acquired in step S3420. For example, the receiving STA can decode the STF / LTF field of the PPDU based on the information about one Plan (i.e., RU). In addition, the receiving STA can decode the data field of the PPDU based on the information about the Tone Plan (i.e., RU) and acquire the MPDU included in the data field.

[0356] Additionally, the receiving device may perform a processing operation to transmit the decoded data to a higher layer (e.g., MAC layer) through step S3430. Furthermore, if the generation of a signal from the higher layer to the PHY layer is instructed in response to the data transmitted to the higher layer, a subsequent operation may be performed.

[0357] Hereinafter, the above-described embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 34.

[0358] FIG. 35 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for allocating wireless resources when a transmitting STA applies spatial modulation according to the present embodiment.

[0359] An example of FIG. 35 can be performed in a network environment that supports a next-generation wireless LAN system (UHR (Ultra High Reliability) wireless LAN system or next wi-fi). The next-generation wireless LAN system is a wireless LAN system that improves on the 802.11be system and can satisfy backward compatibility with the 802.11be system.

[0360] An example of FIG. 35 is performed at a transmitting STA, which may correspond to an access point (AP). The receiving STA of FIG. 35 may correspond to at least one STA (station).

[0361] This embodiment proposes a method for configuring a control field to allocate wireless resources using spatial modulation, a technology that increases transmission rates by informing whether a specific antenna is on or off. In particular, the present specification proposes a method for allocating or interpreting RUs or MRUs using spatial modulation by configuring an RU allocation field and a user field of the control field.

[0362] In step S3510, the transmitting STA (station) generates a Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU).

[0363] In step S3520, the transmitting STA transmits the PPDU to the receiving STA.

[0364] The above PPDU includes control information for spatial modulation. The control information for spatial modulation may be a UHR-SIG field.

[0365] The control information for the above spatial modulation includes first and second fields. The first field includes allocation information of a Resource Unit (RU) or Multiple Resource Unit (MRU) for the spatial modulation. The second field includes user information (or a user field) for the spatial modulation.

[0366] The allocation information of the RU or MRU for the above spatial modulation is the same as the allocation information of a general RU or general MRU to which the above spatial modulation is not applied, but can be configured so that only one receiving STA is mapped (or allocated) to the RU or MRU to which MU-MIMO (Multi User-Multi Input Multi Output) is applied. That is, the receiving STA to which the above spatial modulation is applied cannot be multiplexed and allocated to the RU or MRU to which the MU-MIMO is applied.

[0367] The above-mentioned general RU or general MRU and the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation have the same frequency resources and can be distinguished by spatial resources. Since the frequency resources are the same, the allocation information of the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation can be indicated by directly utilizing the RU Allocation field (or subfield) indicating the allocation information of the general RU or general MRU.

[0368] That is, the present embodiment proposes a method for configuring control information for transmitting and interpreting allocation information for an RU or MRU to which the spatial modulation is applied. At this time, by utilizing the existing RU Allocation field (or subfield) as is to allocate an RU or MRU to which the spatial modulation is applied to a receiving STA, there is no need to define and transmit a separate field, thereby reducing signaling overhead or frame overhead.

[0369] The RU or MRU for the above spatial modulation may include a 26-tone SM (Spatial Modulation) RU, a 52-tone SM RU, a 106-tone SM RU, a 242-tone SM RU, a 484-tone SM RU, a 996-tone SM RU, 2x996-tone SM RU, 4x996-tone SM RU, a 52+26-tone SM MRU, a 106+26-tone SM MRU, a 484+242-tone SM MRU, a 996+484-tone SM MRU, a 996+484+242-tone SM MRU, a 2x996+484-tone SM MRU, a 3x996-tone SM MRU, a 3x996+484-tone SM MRU. For example, the above 3x996+484-tone SM MRU has the same frequency resources as the 3x996+484-tone MRU corresponding to the general MRU, and can be distinguished by spatial resources.

[0370] However, the pilot tone of the general RU or general MRU may not be used in the RU or MRU for the above spatial modulation.

[0371] For example, based on the same receiving STA being mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation and the general RU or general MRU, the second field may include information on an ID (Identifier) ​​of the receiving STA, MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information for the spatial modulation, and coding information for the spatial modulation.

[0372] At this time, the receiving STA may be a dual STA that supports both the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation and the general RU or general MRU. In addition, based on the fact that the MU-MIMO is applied to the general RU or general MRU and multiple receiving STAs are mapped, only one receiving STA among the multiple receiving STAs may be mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation corresponding to the general RU or general MRU. This is because only one receiving STA to which the spatial modulation is applied may be assigned to the RU or MRU to which the MU-MIMO is applied.

[0373] As another example, based on the fact that different receiving STAs are mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation and the general RU or general MRU, the second field may include information on Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) information for the spatial modulation, coding information for the spatial modulation, and information on an ID (Identifier) ​​of a receiving STA to which the spatial modulation is applied. Since a receiving STA mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation is different from a receiving STA mapped to the general RU or general MRU, it is necessary to separately (or additionally) indicate the ID of the receiving STA to which the spatial modulation is applied.

[0374] At this time, based on the fact that multiple receiving STAs are mapped by applying the MU-MIMO in the general RU or general MRU, only one receiving STA can be mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation corresponding to the general RU or general MRU. Similarly, this is because only one receiving STA to which the spatial modulation is applied can be assigned to the RU or MRU to which the MU-MIMO is applied.

[0375] The above PPDU may further include a third field and data. The third field may include user information for the general RU or MRU.

[0376] In the PPDU, the first field, the second field, the third field, and the data may be arranged in that order, or the first field, the third field, the second field, and the data may be arranged in that order.

[0377] Placing the user field for the general RU or general MRU before the user field for the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation has the advantage of minimizing the decoding complexity of a general receiving STA to which the spatial modulation is not applied. Placing the user field for the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation before the user field for the general RU or general MRU has the advantage of minimizing the decoding complexity of a receiving STA to which the spatial modulation is applied.

[0378] FIG. 36 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for receiving allocation information for wireless resources when a receiving STA according to the present embodiment applies spatial modulation.

[0379] An example of FIG. 36 can be performed in a network environment that supports a next-generation wireless LAN system (UHR (Ultra High Reliability) wireless LAN system or next wi-fi). The next-generation wireless LAN system is a wireless LAN system that improves on the 802.11be system and can satisfy backward compatibility with the 802.11be system.

[0380] An example of FIG. 36 is performed at a receiving STA, and the receiving STA may correspond to at least one STA (station). The transmitting STA of FIG. 36 may correspond to an AP (access point).

[0381] This embodiment proposes a method for configuring a control field to allocate wireless resources using spatial modulation, a technology that increases transmission rates by informing whether a specific antenna is on or off. In particular, the present specification proposes a method for allocating or interpreting RUs or MRUs using spatial modulation by configuring an RU allocation field and a user field of the control field.

[0382] In step S3610, the receiving STA (station) receives a Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) from the transmitting STA.

[0383] At step S3620, the receiving STA decodes the PPDU.

[0384] The above PPDU includes control information for spatial modulation. The control information for spatial modulation may be a UHR-SIG field.

[0385] The control information for the above spatial modulation includes first and second fields. The first field includes allocation information of a Resource Unit (RU) or Multiple Resource Unit (MRU) for the spatial modulation. The second field includes user information (or a user field) for the spatial modulation.

[0386] The allocation information of the RU or MRU for the above spatial modulation is the same as the allocation information of a general RU or general MRU to which the above spatial modulation is not applied, but can be configured so that only one receiving STA is mapped (or allocated) to the RU or MRU to which MU-MIMO (Multi User-Multi Input Multi Output) is applied. That is, the receiving STA to which the above spatial modulation is applied cannot be multiplexed and allocated to the RU or MRU to which the MU-MIMO is applied.

[0387] The above-mentioned general RU or general MRU and the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation have the same frequency resources and can be distinguished by spatial resources. Since the frequency resources are the same, the allocation information of the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation can be indicated by directly utilizing the RU Allocation field (or subfield) indicating the allocation information of the general RU or general MRU.

[0388] That is, the present embodiment proposes a method for configuring control information for transmitting and interpreting allocation information for an RU or MRU to which the spatial modulation is applied. At this time, by utilizing the existing RU Allocation field (or subfield) as is to allocate an RU or MRU to which the spatial modulation is applied to a receiving STA, there is no need to define and transmit a separate field, thereby reducing signaling overhead or frame overhead.

[0389] The RU or MRU for the above spatial modulation may include a 26-tone SM (Spatial Modulation) RU, a 52-tone SM RU, a 106-tone SM RU, a 242-tone SM RU, a 484-tone SM RU, a 996-tone SM RU, 2x996-tone SM RU, 4x996-tone SM RU, a 52+26-tone SM MRU, a 106+26-tone SM MRU, a 484+242-tone SM MRU, a 996+484-tone SM MRU, a 996+484+242-tone SM MRU, a 2x996+484-tone SM MRU, a 3x996-tone SM MRU, a 3x996+484-tone SM MRU. For example, the above 3x996+484-tone SM MRU has the same frequency resources as the 3x996+484-tone MRU corresponding to the general MRU, and can be distinguished by spatial resources.

[0390] However, the pilot tone of the general RU or general MRU may not be used in the RU or MRU for the above spatial modulation.

[0391] For example, based on the same receiving STA being mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation and the general RU or general MRU, the second field may include information on an ID (Identifier) ​​of the receiving STA, MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information for the spatial modulation, and coding information for the spatial modulation.

[0392] At this time, the receiving STA may be a dual STA that supports both the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation and the general RU or general MRU. In addition, based on the fact that the MU-MIMO is applied to the general RU or general MRU and multiple receiving STAs are mapped, only one receiving STA among the multiple receiving STAs may be mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation corresponding to the general RU or general MRU. This is because only one receiving STA to which the spatial modulation is applied may be assigned to the RU or MRU to which the MU-MIMO is applied.

[0393] As another example, based on the fact that different receiving STAs are mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation and the general RU or general MRU, the second field may include information on Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) information for the spatial modulation, coding information for the spatial modulation, and information on an ID (Identifier) ​​of a receiving STA to which the spatial modulation is applied. Since a receiving STA mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation is different from a receiving STA mapped to the general RU or general MRU, it is necessary to separately (or additionally) indicate the ID of the receiving STA to which the spatial modulation is applied.

[0394] At this time, based on the fact that multiple receiving STAs are mapped by applying the MU-MIMO in the general RU or general MRU, only one receiving STA can be mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation corresponding to the general RU or general MRU. Similarly, this is because only one receiving STA to which the spatial modulation is applied can be assigned to the RU or MRU to which the MU-MIMO is applied.

[0395] The above PPDU may further include a third field and data. The third field may include user information for the general RU or MRU.

[0396] In the PPDU, the first field, the second field, the third field, and the data may be arranged in that order, or the first field, the third field, the second field, and the data may be arranged in that order.

[0397] Placing the user field for the general RU or general MRU before the user field for the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation has the advantage of minimizing the decoding complexity of a general receiving STA to which the spatial modulation is not applied. Placing the user field for the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation before the user field for the general RU or general MRU has the advantage of minimizing the decoding complexity of a receiving STA to which the spatial modulation is applied.

[0398] <Device Configuration>

[0399] The technical features of the present specification described above can be applied to various devices and methods. For example, the technical features of the present specification described above can be performed / supported by the devices of FIG. 1 and / or FIG. 14. For example, the technical features of the present specification described above can be applied only to a part of FIG. 1 and / or FIG. 14. For example, the technical features of the present specification described above can be implemented based on the processing chip (114, 124) of FIG. 1, or based on the processor (111, 121) and the memory (112, 122) of FIG. 1, or based on the processor (610) and the memory (620) of FIG. 14. For example, the device of the present specification receives an NDPA (Null Data Packet Announcement) frame from a transmitting STA (station); receives an NDP frame from the transmitting STA; and transmits a feedback frame to the transmitting STA.

[0400] The technical features of this specification can be implemented based on a computer-readable medium (CRM). For example, the CRM proposed by this specification is at least one computer-readable recording medium containing instructions that are executed by at least one processor.

[0401] The CRM may store instructions for performing operations including the steps of receiving an NDPA (Null Data Packet Announcement) frame from a transmitting STA (station); receiving an NDP frame from the transmitting STA; and transmitting a feedback frame to the transmitting STA. The instructions stored in the CRM of the present specification may be executed by at least one processor. At least one processor related to the CRM of the present specification may be the processor (111, 121) or the processing chip (114, 124) of FIG. 1, or the processor (610) of FIG. 14. Meanwhile, the CRM of the present specification may be the memory (112, 122) of FIG. 1, the memory (620) of FIG. 14, or a separate external memory / storage medium / disk, etc.

[0402] The technical features of this specification described above are applicable to various applications and business models. For example, the technical features described above can be applied to wireless communication in devices that support artificial intelligence (AI).

[0403] Artificial intelligence (AI) is the study of artificial intelligence or the methodologies for creating it, while machine learning (ML) defines various problems in the field of AI and studies the methodologies for solving them. Machine learning is also defined as an algorithm that improves performance on a task through consistent experience.

[0404] An artificial neural network (ANN) is a model used in machine learning. It can refer to a model with problem-solving capabilities, consisting of artificial neurons (nodes) formed by the connection of synapses to form a network. An ANN can be defined by the connection patterns between neurons in different layers, the learning process that updates model parameters, and the activation function that generates output values.

[0405] An artificial neural network may include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer contains one or more neurons, and the artificial neural network may include synapses connecting neurons. In an artificial neural network, each neuron can output a function value of an activation function based on input signals, weights, and biases received through the synapses.

[0406] Model parameters are parameters determined through learning, including synaptic connection weights and neuron biases. Hyperparameters are parameters that must be set before learning in machine learning algorithms, including the learning rate, number of iterations, mini-batch size, and initialization function.

[0407] The goal of artificial neural network training can be seen as determining model parameters that minimize a loss function. The loss function can be used as an indicator for determining optimal model parameters during the artificial neural network training process.

[0408] Machine learning can be classified into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning depending on the learning method.

[0409] Supervised learning refers to a method for training an artificial neural network when given labels for the training data. The labels can refer to the correct answer (or output value) that the artificial neural network must infer when the training data is input to the artificial neural network. Unsupervised learning can refer to a method for training an artificial neural network when the training data is not given labels. Reinforcement learning can refer to a learning method in which an agent defined within a given environment is trained to select actions or action sequences that maximize the cumulative reward in each state.

[0410] Machine learning implemented with a deep neural network (DNN) containing multiple hidden layers among artificial neural networks is also called deep learning, and deep learning is a subset of machine learning. Hereinafter, the term "machine learning" is used to encompass deep learning.

[0411] Additionally, the above-described technical features can be applied to wireless communication of robots.

[0412] A robot can be defined as a machine that automatically performs or operates a given task based on its own capabilities. Specifically, a robot capable of perceiving its environment, making independent judgments, and performing actions can be called an intelligent robot.

[0413] Robots can be categorized into industrial, medical, household, and military applications based on their intended use or field. Robots are equipped with actuators or motors, enabling them to perform various physical actions, such as moving robot joints. Furthermore, mobile robots incorporate wheels, brakes, and propellers into their actuators, enabling them to move on the ground or fly in the air.

[0414] Additionally, the above-described technical features can be applied to devices that support extended reality.

[0415] Extended reality is a general term for virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). VR technology presents real-world objects and backgrounds as CG images only, AR technology presents virtual CG images over images of real objects, and MR technology is a computer graphics technology that blends and combines virtual objects with the real world.

[0416] MR technology is similar to AR in that it presents both real and virtual objects simultaneously. However, while AR uses virtual objects to complement real objects, MR uses virtual and real objects on an equal footing.

[0417] XR technology can be applied to HMD (Head-Mount Display), HUD (Head-Up Display), mobile phones, tablet PCs, laptops, desktops, TVs, digital signage, etc., and devices to which XR technology is applied can be called XR devices.

[0418] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In a wireless LAN system, A step in which a receiving STA (station) receives a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit) from a transmitting STA; and The receiving STA comprises a step of decoding the PPDU, The above PPDU contains control information for spatial modulation, The control information for the above spatial modulation includes first and second fields, The first field includes allocation information of RU (Resource Unit) or MRU (Multiple Resource Unit) for the spatial modulation, and The second field contains user information for the spatial modulation. method.

2. In paragraph 1, The allocation information of the RU or MRU for the above spatial modulation is the same as the allocation information of the general RU or general MRU to which the above spatial modulation is not applied, but is configured so that only one receiving STA is mapped for the RU or MRU to which MU-MIMO (Multi User-Multi Input Multi Output) is applied. The above general RU or general MRU and the RU or MRU for spatial modulation have the same frequency resources and are distinguished by spatial resources. method.

3. In paragraph 2, The RU or MRU for the above spatial modulation includes 26-tone SM (Spatial Modulation) RU, 52-tone SM RU, 106-tone SM RU, 242-tone SM RU, 484-tone SM RU, 996-tone SM RU, 2x996-tone SM RU, 4x996-tone SM RU, 52+26-tone SM MRU, 106+26-tone SM MRU, 484+242-tone SM MRU, 996+484-tone SM MRU, 996+484+242-tone SM MRU, 2x996+484-tone SM MRU, 3x996-tone SM MRU, 3x996+484-tone SM MRU. method.

4. In paragraph 3, The pilot tone of the general RU or general MRU is not used in the RU or MRU for the above space modulation. method.

5. In paragraph 2, Based on the same receiving STA being mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation and the general RU or general MRU, the second field includes information about an ID (Identifier) ​​of the receiving STA, MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information for the spatial modulation, and coding information for the spatial modulation. The above receiving STA is a dual STA that supports both the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation and the general RU or general MRU. method.

6. In paragraph 5, Based on the above MU-MIMO being applied in the above general RU or general MRU and multiple receiving STAs being mapped, Only one receiving STA among the plurality of receiving STAs is mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation corresponding to the above general RU or general MRU. method.

7. In paragraph 2, Based on the mapping of different receiving STAs to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation and the general RU or general MRU, the second field includes information on MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information for the spatial modulation, coding information for the spatial modulation, and information on an ID (Identifier) ​​of the receiving STA to which the spatial modulation is applied. method.

8. In paragraph 7, Based on the above MU-MIMO being applied in the above general RU or general MRU and multiple receiving STAs being mapped, Only one receiving STA is mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation corresponding to the above general RU or general MRU. method.

9. In paragraph 2, The above PPDU further includes a third field and data, The third field contains user information for the general RU or MRU, In the PPDU, the first field, the second field, the third field and the data are arranged in that order, or the first field, the third field, the second field and the data are arranged in that order. method.

10. In a wireless LAN system, a receiving STA (station), memory; transceiver; and A processor operatively coupled with the memory and the transceiver, the processor comprising: Receive a Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) from a transmitting STA; and The receiving STA decodes the PPDU, The above PPDU contains control information for spatial modulation, The control information for the above spatial modulation includes first and second fields, The first field includes allocation information of RU (Resource Unit) or MRU (Multiple Resource Unit) for the spatial modulation, and The second field contains user information for the spatial modulation. Receiving STA.

11. In a wireless LAN system, A step in which a transmitting STA (station) generates a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit); and The step of the transmitting STA transmitting the PPDU to the receiving STA includes: The above PPDU contains control information for spatial modulation, The control information for the above spatial modulation includes first and second fields, The first field includes allocation information of RU (Resource Unit) or MRU (Multiple Resource Unit) for the spatial modulation, and The second field contains user information for the spatial modulation. method.

12. In paragraph 11, The allocation information of the RU or MRU for the above spatial modulation is the same as the allocation information of a general RU or general MRU to which the above spatial modulation is not applied, but is configured so that only one receiving STA is mapped for the RU or MRU to which MU-MIMO (Multi User-Multi Input Multi Output) is applied. The above general RU or general MRU and the RU or MRU for spatial modulation have the same frequency resources and are distinguished by spatial resources. method.

13. In paragraph 11, The RU or MRU for the above spatial modulation includes 26-tone SM (Spatial Modulation) RU, 52-tone SM RU, 106-tone SM RU, 242-tone SM RU, 484-tone SM RU, 996-tone SM RU, 2x996-tone SM RU, 4x996-tone SM RU, 52+26-tone SM MRU, 106+26-tone SM MRU, 484+242-tone SM MRU, 996+484-tone SM MRU, 996+484+242-tone SM MRU, 2x996+484-tone SM MRU, 3x996-tone SM MRU, 3x996+484-tone SM MRU. method.

14. In paragraph 13, The pilot tone of the general RU or general MRU is not used in the RU or MRU for the above space modulation. method.

15. In paragraph 12, Based on the same receiving STA being mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation and the general RU or general MRU, the second field includes information about an ID (Identifier) ​​of the receiving STA, MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information for the spatial modulation, and coding information for the spatial modulation. The above receiving STA is a dual STA that supports both the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation and the general RU or general MRU. method.

16. In paragraph 15, Based on the above MU-MIMO being applied in the above general RU or general MRU and multiple receiving STAs being mapped, Only one receiving STA among the plurality of receiving STAs is mapped to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation corresponding to the above general RU or general MRU. method.

17. In paragraph 12, Based on the mapping of different receiving STAs to the RU or MRU for the spatial modulation and the general RU or general MRU, the second field includes information on MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) information for the spatial modulation, coding information for the spatial modulation, and information on an ID (Identifier) ​​of the receiving STA to which the spatial modulation is applied. method.

18. In a wireless LAN system, a transmitting STA (station) memory; transceiver; and A processor operatively coupled with the memory and the transceiver, the processor comprising: Generates a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit); and Transmit the above PPDU to the receiving STA, The above PPDU contains control information for spatial modulation, The control information for the above spatial modulation includes first and second fields, The first field includes allocation information of RU (Resource Unit) or MRU (Multiple Resource Unit) for the spatial modulation, and The second field contains user information for the spatial modulation. Transmitting STA.

19. At least one computer readable medium containing instructions based on being executed by at least one processor, A step of receiving a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit) from a transmitting STA (station); and Including the step of decoding the above PPDU, The above PPDU contains control information for spatial modulation, The control information for the above spatial modulation includes first and second fields, The first field includes allocation information of RU (Resource Unit) or MRU (Multiple Resource Unit) for the spatial modulation, and The second field contains user information for the spatial modulation. Recording medium.

20. In a wireless LAN system, for a device, memory; and A processor operatively coupled with said memory, said processor comprising: Receives a PPDU (Physical Protocol Data Unit) from a transmitting STA (station); and Decrypt the above PPDU, The above PPDU contains control information for spatial modulation, The control information for the above spatial modulation includes first and second fields, The first field includes allocation information of RU (Resource Unit) or MRU (Multiple Resource Unit) for the spatial modulation, and The second field contains user information for the spatial modulation. device.

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