Communication apparatus and communication method

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of communications. Provided are a communication apparatus and a communication method, which are beneficial to reducing the impact of different atmospheric turbulence intensities on the performance of the communication apparatus, and are beneficial to maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication apparatus. The communication apparatus comprises: an optical receiving module, a first optical transmission module, a second optical transmission module and a control module, wherein the optical receiving module is used for receiving an optical signal; the first optical transmission module is used for performing multi-mode transmission on the optical signal from the optical receiving module; the second optical transmission module is used for performing single-mode transmission on the optical signal from the optical receiving module; and the control module is used for controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module when a target parameter meets a first condition, or controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module when the target parameter meets a second condition, the target parameter comprising a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence, and an atmospheric turbulence intensity in the first condition being greater than an atmospheric turbulence intensity in the second condition.

Description

Communication device and communication method

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on December 13, 2023, with application number 202311727509.1 and application name “Communication Device and Communication Method”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a communication device and a communication method. Background Art

[0003] With the development of various network applications such as big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things, the demand for network communication bandwidth is increasing, especially for mobile wireless communication, which is experiencing explosive growth. Free space optical (FSO) communication, as a new wireless communication method, combines the advantages of optical fiber and microwave communications. It offers high capacity, unauthorized access, small size, and interference resistance, meeting the needs of wireless communication and is therefore being widely researched and utilized.

[0004] However, the performance of FSO systems is affected by the propagation medium. Optical signals passing through atmospheric channels may be affected by attenuation caused by atmospheric gas molecules and aerosol particles such as clouds and fog, as well as scintillation caused by atmospheric turbulence, causing fluctuations in the optical signal's amplitude and phase. Existing FSO devices have a simple structure, resulting in unstable performance under varying degrees of fluctuation in optical signal amplitude and phase. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a communication device and a communication method. A first optical transmission module and a second optical transmission module are simultaneously provided in the communication device. Because the first optical transmission module and the second optical transmission module have different transmission modes, the performance and sensitivity of the communication link formed by the first optical transmission module and the second optical transmission module are different. In this way, under different atmospheric turbulence conditions and different weather conditions, the corresponding communication link can be selected based on the change of the target parameter, which is beneficial to reducing the impact of different atmospheric turbulence conditions or different weather conditions on the performance of the communication device and is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a communication device, comprising an optical receiving module, a first optical transmission module, a second optical transmission module and a control module; the optical receiving module is used to receive an optical signal, the first optical transmission module is used to perform multimode transmission of the optical signal from the optical receiving module, and the second optical transmission module is used to perform single-mode transmission of the optical signal from the optical receiving module; the control module is used to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module when a target parameter meets a first condition, or to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module when the target parameter meets a second condition, the target parameter includes a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence, and the intensity of the atmospheric turbulence in the first condition is greater than the intensity of the atmospheric turbulence in the second condition.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the optical signal received by the optical receiving module is transmitted through free space (also known as a space optical link, atmospheric channel, etc.). Free space is affected by atmospheric turbulence and weather conditions, which may interfere with the transmission of the optical signal. For example, on sunny, cloudy, or light rainy days, the atmospheric turbulence is strong. Under the influence of atmospheric turbulence, the single-mode optical signal emitted by the transmitter may be transformed into a multi-mode optical signal, making it difficult to receive the optical signal. In heavy rain or rainstorms, although the atmospheric turbulence is weak, the number of optical signal modes received by the receiver may be less than that in the case of strong turbulence. However, the rainfall may cause severe attenuation of the optical signal power, which puts a challenge on maintaining the communication link.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present application, the control module can control the optical signal to enter the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module based on the change of the target parameter, and the target parameter is a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence. When the target parameter meets the first condition (which can be understood as the condition of strong turbulence), the control module controls the optical signal to enter the first optical transmission module, and the first optical transmission module can realize multi-mode transmission of the optical signal, and can transmit optical signals of multiple modes. For the optical signals of multiple modes generated under strong turbulence conditions, it is beneficial to improve the reception rate of the optical signal by the communication device and improve the optical coupling efficiency; when the target parameter meets the second condition (which can be understood as the condition of weak turbulence), the control module controls the optical signal to enter the second optical transmission module, and the second optical transmission module can realize single-mode transmission of the optical signal. The transmission link sensitivity based on the second optical transmission module is lower than the transmission link based on the first transmission module, and can receive lower-power optical signals. Under the conditions of weak turbulence and heavy rainfall, the optical signal power is low due to severe link attenuation. Transmitting the optical signal through the second transmission module is beneficial to maintaining the communication link. Moreover, since single-mode transmission has only one mode, it has a certain anti-interference ability, which can further maintain the signal quality and help ensure system performance.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present application, a first optical transmission module and a second optical transmission module are simultaneously provided in the communication device. Since the first optical transmission module and the second optical transmission module have different transmission modes, the performance and sensitivity of the communication link formed by the first optical transmission module and the second optical transmission module are different. In this way, under different atmospheric turbulence conditions and different weather conditions, a communication link with better performance can be selected based on the change of target parameters, which is beneficial to reducing the impact of different atmospheric turbulence conditions or different weather conditions on the performance of the communication device, and is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the target parameter includes one or more of the following: optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period; environmental precipitation; or environmental image.

[0011] It should be understood that the optical power statistics, environmental precipitation, or environmental images corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period can be understood as different parameters describing the strength of atmospheric turbulence. These parameters can be used alone to evaluate the strength of atmospheric turbulence, or one or more parameters can be combined for evaluation. This application does not limit this.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, when the target parameter includes the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the first condition includes that the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conform to a first mathematical distribution, and the second condition includes that the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conform to a second mathematical distribution.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present application, by calculating the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the control module can control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module for multi-mode transmission when the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conform to the first mathematical distribution; and control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module for single-mode transmission when the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conform to the second mathematical distribution. This allows the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application to select different transmission modes under different turbulence conditions, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, when the target parameter includes ambient precipitation, the first condition includes that the ambient precipitation is less than or equal to a third threshold, and the second condition includes that the ambient precipitation is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, wherein the third threshold is less than or equal to the fourth threshold.

[0015] It should be understood that atmospheric turbulence is related to the thermal effects of air density differences and temperature changes, and therefore the intensity of atmospheric turbulence is closely related to weather conditions. For example, when the ambient precipitation is less than or equal to the third threshold, it can be considered a high turbulence environment, and when the ambient precipitation is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold, it can be considered a low turbulence environment, but this application is not limited to this.

[0016] Optionally, the third threshold may be 10 mm per day, and the fourth threshold may be 50 mm per hour, but this application does not make any specific limitation to this.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present application, using the ambient water volume as a target parameter allows the control module to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module when it determines that the ambient precipitation is less than or equal to a third threshold, and to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module when it determines that the ambient precipitation is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold. Because the intensity of atmospheric turbulence is closely related to weather conditions, the method provided by the present application, on the one hand, facilitates the communication device to select different transmission modes under different turbulence conditions, thereby facilitating the maintenance of the performance stability of the communication device. On the other hand, the method of detecting ambient precipitation through the rainfall detection module is relatively convenient and direct, thereby improving the efficiency of the control module and further enhancing the performance of the communication system.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the communication device further includes a rainfall detection module, which is used to detect environmental precipitation and transmit the environmental precipitation to the control module.

[0019] Optionally, the rainfall detection module may be any device or component capable of detecting the amount of water in the environment, such as a rain gauge, a rain gauge, or a sensor for detecting rainfall, and this application does not make any specific limitation on this.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, when the target parameter includes an environmental image, the first condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is sunny, cloudy or light rain, and the second condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is heavy rain or rainstorm.

[0021] In an embodiment of the present application, the selection of the optical signal transmission mode of the communication device is achieved through the prediction or real-time monitoring of weather conditions, which is beneficial for the control module to select a communication link with better performance based on changes in weather conditions, which is beneficial for reducing the impact of different atmospheric turbulence conditions or different weather conditions on the performance of the communication device, and is beneficial for maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the communication device further includes an image processing module, which is used to collect and recognize the environmental image and transmit the recognition result of the environmental image to the control module.

[0023] Optionally, the image processing module can be a device including a camera, an image processing chip, a neural network model or an artificial intelligence (AI) model trained for image recognition, or any other device that can capture and recognize environmental images. This application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the communication device further includes a light beam adjustment module, which is used to adjust the path of the optical signal from the optical receiving module according to a control instruction of the control module.

[0025] Optionally, the light beam adjustment module may be a device capable of changing the light path, such as a fast steering mirror (FSM) or a liquid crystal, which is not specifically limited in the present application.

[0026] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first optical transmission module includes a multimode optical fiber.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second optical transmission module includes a single-mode optical fiber.

[0028] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the communication device further includes a local oscillator and a mixer, wherein the mixer is used to receive an oscillation signal output by the local oscillator and perform coherent processing on the optical signal output by the single-mode optical fiber based on the oscillation signal.

[0029] It should be understood that the optical signal after coherent processing contains the information of the original signal, while the intensity of background noise and other interference signals is suppressed, which is conducive to the extraction of effective information in the optical signal.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present application, coherent processing is performed on the optical signal received by the single-mode optical fiber, which is beneficial to improving the optical coupling efficiency and the performance of the entire communication device.

[0031] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the multimode optical fiber in the first optical transmission module and the single-mode optical fiber in the second optical transmission module are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0032] In the embodiment of the present application, the multimode fiber and the single-mode fiber are arranged adjacent to each other. This helps reduce the rotation range of the beam adjustment module, saves power, and ensures that the effective receiving areas of the multimode fiber and the single-mode fiber are within the adjustable range of the beam adjustment module, thereby maintaining the performance of the communication device.

[0033] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the communication device further includes a multi-mode matching module, and the multi-mode matching module is used to couple the optical signal from the first optical transmission module.

[0034] Optionally, the multi-mode matching module may be a multi-mode optical fiber transceiver, a lightwave multiplexer, an optical matrix converter, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0035] In some examples, the optical signal from the first optical transmission module can be coupled through a multi-mode matching module, so that the optical signals of multiple modes output from the first optical transmission module can be coupled to the photoelectric detection module as much as possible, which is beneficial to increase the amount of optical signals input to the photoelectric conversion module and improve the reliability of subsequent signal processing.

[0036] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the communication device further includes a photoelectric conversion module, which is used to convert the optical signal from the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module into an electrical signal.

[0037] Optionally, the photoelectric conversion module may be a photodetector, a photodetector, a balanced photodetector, or a component that can realize the photoelectric conversion function, such as a photodiode, a photoresistor, etc., which is not specifically limited in this application.

[0038] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the communication device further includes a digital signal processor, which is used to encode and decode the electrical signal.

[0039] The present application is an embodiment, in which after the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal through a photoelectric conversion module, if the transmitting end encodes the signal, the electrical signal can be decoded and analyzed by a digital signal processor to restore the original information; if the transmitting end does not encode the signal, the electrical signal can be directly analyzed or transmitted directly through a network device, thereby expanding the information transmission range, which is conducive to obtaining information in the optical signal or achieving communication over a larger range.

[0040] In a second aspect, the present application provides a communication method, which is applied to a communication device including an optical receiving module, a first optical transmission module, a second optical transmission module and a control module, the method including: receiving an optical signal through the optical receiving module; when a target parameter meets a first condition, controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module through the control module, and performing multi-mode transmission on the optical signal through the first optical transmission module; or, when the target parameter meets a second condition, controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module through the control module, and performing single-mode transmission on the optical signal through the second optical transmission module, the target parameter includes a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence, and the intensity of the atmospheric turbulence in the first condition is greater than the intensity of the atmospheric turbulence in the second condition.

[0041] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the target parameter includes one or more of the following: statistics of fluctuations in the light spot arrival angle corresponding to the light signal within a preset time period; environmental precipitation; or environmental image.

[0042] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, when the target parameter includes the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the first condition includes that the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conform to a first mathematical distribution, and the second condition includes that the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conform to a second mathematical distribution.

[0043] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, when the target parameter includes ambient precipitation, the first condition includes that the ambient precipitation is less than or equal to a third threshold, and the second condition includes that the ambient precipitation is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, wherein the third threshold is less than or equal to the fourth threshold.

[0044] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes a rainfall detection module, and the method further includes: detecting environmental precipitation by the rainfall detection module, and transmitting the environmental precipitation to the control module.

[0045] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, when the target parameter includes an environmental image, the first condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is sunny, cloudy or light rain, and the second condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is heavy rain or rainstorm.

[0046] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes an image processing module, and the method further includes: collecting and identifying the environmental image through the image processing module, and transmitting the identification result of the environmental image to the control module.

[0047] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes a beam adjustment module, and controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module through the control module includes: controlling the beam adjustment module through the control module to input the optical signal from the optical receiving module into the first optical transmission module; controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module through the control module includes: controlling the beam adjustment module through the control module to input the optical signal from the optical receiving module into the second optical transmission module.

[0048] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first optical transmission module includes a multimode optical fiber.

[0049] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the second optical transmission module includes a single-mode optical fiber.

[0050] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes a local oscillator and a mixer, and the method further includes: receiving an oscillation signal output by the local oscillator through the mixer, and performing coherent processing on the optical signal output by the single-mode optical fiber based on the oscillation signal.

[0051] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the multimode optical fiber in the first optical transmission module and the single-mode optical fiber in the second optical transmission module are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0052] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes a multi-mode matching module, and the method further includes: coupling the optical signal from the first optical transmission module through the multi-mode matching module.

[0053] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes a photoelectric conversion module, and the method further includes: converting the optical signal from the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module into an electrical signal through the photoelectric conversion module.

[0054] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes a digital signal processor, and the method further includes: encoding and decoding the electrical signal by the digital signal processor.

[0055] The beneficial effects of the second aspect are similar to those of the first aspect and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of another communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of another communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG4 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG5 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The technical solution of this application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Before introducing this application, the following points are explained.

[0062] First, in the embodiments described below, various terms and abbreviations, such as baseline data and differential data, are provided for ease of description and should not be construed as limiting this application. This application does not exclude the possibility of defining other terms in existing or future protocols that can achieve the same or similar functions.

[0063] Second, the first, second and various numerical numbers in the embodiments shown below are only used for the convenience of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0064] Third, "at least one" means one or more, and "more" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b and c can mean: a, or b, or c, or a and b, or a and c, or b and c, or a, b and c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0065] The carrier of optical communication is light wave, which has higher security and flexibility than microwave communication and has attracted widespread research interest. FIG1 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of an optical communication system 100. As shown in FIG1 , the communication system 100 includes a transmitting end 110 and a receiving end 120. The digital signal processor 101 of the transmitting end 110 transmits the digital signal to be transmitted to the digital analog converter (DAC) 102, which converts the digital signal into an analog electrical signal. The analog signal is then transmitted to the optical transmitter 130. In the optical transmitter 130, the electrical signal is modulated into an optical signal by the modulator 104 under the drive of the driving circuit 103. The optical signal is then transmitted to the receiving end 120 via a single-mode optical fiber. At the receiving end 120, the received optical signal is interfered with by the mixer 106 and the local oscillator light source 107 in the optical receiver 140 to generate an interfered optical signal. The interfered optical signal is coupled to the single-mode optical fiber and transmitted to the photodetector 108. The interfered optical signal is converted into an electrical signal by the photodetector and output through the amplifier 109. The electrical signal is converted into a digital signal by the analog digital converter (ADC) 111. The digital signal is processed by the digital signal processor 112 at the receiving end and output. The interfered optical signal contains the information of the original signal while suppressing background noise and other interference noise, which can improve the performance of the communication system.

[0066] With technological advancements, free-space optical (FSO) communication, as a new wireless communication method, combines the advantages of optical fiber communication and microwave communication, and has attracted widespread attention due to its advantages such as high capacity, unauthorized access, small size, and anti-interference. However, FSO uses free space as its transmission medium, and its performance is affected by the propagation medium. For example, when optical signals pass through atmospheric channels, they are affected by the attenuation effect caused by gas molecules in the atmosphere and aerosol particles such as clouds and fog, as well as the scintillation effect caused by turbulence in the atmosphere. The resulting scintillation effect causes fluctuations in the amplitude and phase of the optical signal, affecting the single-mode optical signal emitted by the transmitter to become a multimode optical signal. Therefore, in some examples, the receiver receives and transmits optical signals through multimode optical fiber.

[0067] FIG2 exemplarily illustrates a schematic diagram of an FSO communication system 200. As shown in FIG2 , an optical signal transmitted by a transmitter 210 is received by a front-end receiving module 201 at a receiver 220 and then transmitted via a multimode optical fiber to a non-mode-selective photonic lantern (NMSPL) 202. The NMSPL 202 converts the multimode optical signal into multiple single-mode optical signals. These signals then interfere with the multiple single-mode optical signals output from a balanced photo detector (BPD) 207 through an optical hybrid (OH) module 203 (also known as coherent processing). A balanced photo detector (BPD) 204 performs photoelectric conversion on the signals. The resulting multiple electrical signals are then combined by a combiner 205 and demodulated by a demodulator 206 for output. The interference optical signal is transmitted to the fiber beam splitter 207 via a local oscillator (LO) 208 for splitting.

[0068] The FSO communication system shown in Figure 2 receives optical signals through multimode optical fibers, converts the multi-mode optical signals into multiple single-mode optical signals, and then performs coherent processing. Although this can counteract the effects of turbulence on fiber coupling efficiency to a certain extent, its implementation complexity is proportional to the number of modes in the optical signal. Under strong turbulence, the number of modes is large, exceeding 100, making it too expensive to be used commercially.

[0069] In view of this, the present application provides a communication device and a communication method, wherein the communication device includes a first optical transmission module for multi-mode transmission of optical signals and a second optical transmission module for single-mode transmission of optical signals. Based on changes in target parameters related to atmospheric turbulence, when the target parameters meet a first condition, the control module controls the optical signal to be transmitted through the first optical transmission module for multi-mode transmission, and when the target parameters meet a second condition, the control module controls the optical signal to be transmitted through the second optical transmission module for single-mode transmission. In this way, the communication device can select different transmission modes under different atmospheric turbulence conditions, which is beneficial for reducing the impact of atmospheric turbulence on the reception of optical signals and maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0070] In order to make the purpose and technical solution of this application clearer and more intuitive, the communication device and communication method provided by this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0071] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 300 applicable to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, the communication system 300 includes a first device 310 and a second device 320. In one possible implementation, the communication system is used for the transmission of optical signals. In some examples, the first device 310 is used to send optical signals, and the second device 320 is used to receive optical signals; in other examples, the first device 310 can be used to receive optical signals, and the second device 320 can be used to send optical signals, which is not limited in this application. It should be understood that the transmitting end and the receiving end are merely the roles of the first device 310 (or the second device 320) in the communication system, and do not limit the function or structure of the device itself.

[0072] In a possible implementation, the communication system 300 may be an FSO communication system, which is not limited in this application.

[0073] The communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below with reference to FIG4 and FIG5 .

[0074] Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 400 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Optionally, the communication device 400 can be the first device 310 or the second device 320 in the above-mentioned communication system 300, or a chip or chip system included in the first device 310 or the second device 320, which is not limited in this application. In one possible implementation, the communication device 400 can serve as all or part of the receiving end in the above-mentioned communication system 300 to receive and process optical signals from the transmitting end. The communication device 400 can also be applied to other systems, which is not limited in this application.

[0075] As shown in FIG. 4 , the communication device 400 includes an optical receiving module 401 , a first optical transmission module 402 , a second optical transmission module 403 , and a control module 404 .

[0076] Optical receiver module 401 is used to receive optical signals and complete the reception and tracking of signal light or beacon light. In one possible implementation, the optical signal received by optical receiver module 401 can be called an FSO receive signal, and optical receiver module 401 can also be called an FSO front-end optical module, but this application does not specifically limit this.

[0077] The first optical transmission module 402 is configured to perform multimode transmission on the optical signal from the optical receiving module 401, and the second optical transmission module 403 is configured to perform single-mode transmission on the optical signal from the optical receiving module 401. The control module 404 is configured to control whether the optical signal from the optical receiving module 401 enters the first optical transmission module 402 or the second optical transmission module 403. The control strategy of the control module 404 includes: when a target parameter meets a first condition, controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module 401 to enter the first optical transmission module 402; and when a target parameter meets a second condition, controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module 401 to enter the second optical transmission module 403. The target parameter includes a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence, and the intensity of the atmospheric turbulence in the first condition is greater than the intensity of the atmospheric turbulence in the second condition.

[0078] In one possible implementation, the optical signal received by the optical receiving module 401 is transmitted through free space (also known as a space optical link, atmospheric channel, etc.). Free space is affected by atmospheric turbulence and weather conditions, which may interfere with the transmission of the optical signal. For example, on sunny days, cloudy days, or in light rain, the atmospheric turbulence is strong. Under the influence of atmospheric turbulence, the single-mode optical signal emitted by the transmitter may be transformed into a multi-mode optical signal, making it difficult to receive the optical signal. In the case of heavy rain or rainstorms, although the atmospheric turbulence is weak, the number of optical signal modes received by the receiver may be less than that in the case of strong turbulence. However, the rainfall may cause severe attenuation of the optical signal power, which puts a test on the maintenance of the communication link.

[0079] In an embodiment of the present application, the control module may control the optical signal to enter the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module based on a change in a target parameter, and the target parameter is a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence. When the target parameters meet the first condition (which can be understood as a condition of strong turbulence), the control module controls the optical signal to be input into the first optical transmission module. The first optical transmission module can implement multi-mode transmission of the optical signal and can transmit optical signals of multiple modes. For optical signals of multiple modes generated under strong turbulence conditions, this is beneficial to improving the communication device's reception rate of the optical signal and improving the optical coupling efficiency. When the target parameters meet the second condition (which can be understood as a condition of weak turbulence), the control module controls the optical signal to be input into the second optical transmission module. The second optical transmission module can implement single-mode transmission of the optical signal. The transmission link based on the second optical transmission module has lower sensitivity than the transmission link based on the first transmission module and can receive lower-power optical signals. Under conditions of weak turbulence and heavy rainfall (such as heavy rain or rainstorm), the optical signal power is low due to severe link attenuation. Transmitting the optical signal through the second transmission module is beneficial to maintaining the communication link. Moreover, since single-mode transmission has only one mode, it has a certain anti-interference ability, which can further maintain signal quality and help ensure system performance.

[0080] In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, a first optical transmission module and a second optical transmission module are simultaneously provided in the communication device. Since the first optical transmission module and the second optical transmission module have different transmission modes, the performance and sensitivity of the communication link formed by the first optical transmission module and the second optical transmission module are different. In this way, under different atmospheric turbulence conditions and different weather conditions, a communication link with better performance can be selected based on changes in target parameters, which is beneficial to reducing the impact of different atmospheric turbulence conditions or different weather conditions on the performance of the communication device, and is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0081] In one possible implementation, when the target parameters meet the first condition, the control module can control the optical signal to be input into the first optical transmission module before or at the same time, and can also close the communication link based on the second optical transmission module. Correspondingly, when the target parameters meet the second condition, the control module can control the optical signal to be input into the second optical transmission module before or at the same time, and can also close the communication link based on the first optical transmission module to save system energy consumption, but this application is not limited to this.

[0082] As an optional embodiment, the communication device further includes a photoelectric conversion module, which is used to convert the optical signal from the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module into an electrical signal.

[0083] As an optional embodiment, the communication device further includes a digital signal processor, which is used to encode and decode the electrical signal.

[0084] Optionally, the photoelectric conversion module may be a photodetector, a photodetector, a balanced photodetector, or a component that can realize the photoelectric conversion function, such as a photodiode, a photoresistor, etc., which is not specifically limited in this application.

[0085] The present application is an embodiment, in which after the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal through a photoelectric conversion module, if the transmitting end encodes the signal, the electrical signal can be decoded and analyzed by a digital signal processor to restore the original information; if the transmitting end does not encode the signal, the electrical signal can be directly analyzed or transmitted directly through a network device, thereby expanding the information transmission range, which is conducive to obtaining information in the optical signal or achieving communication over a larger range.

[0086] As an optional embodiment, the communication device further includes a multi-mode matching module, and the multi-mode matching module is used to couple the optical signal from the first optical transmission module.

[0087] Optionally, the multi-mode matching module may be a multi-mode optical fiber transceiver, a lightwave multiplexer, an optical matrix converter, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0088] In some examples, the optical signal from the first optical transmission module can be coupled through a multi-mode matching module, so that the optical signals of multiple modes output from the first optical transmission module can be coupled to the photoelectric detection module as much as possible, which is beneficial to increase the amount of optical signals input to the photoelectric conversion module and improve the reliability of subsequent signal processing.

[0089] As an optional embodiment, the first optical transmission module includes a multimode optical fiber, and the second optical transmission module includes a single-mode optical fiber.

[0090] In a possible implementation, the communication device 400 further includes a local oscillator and a mixer, wherein the mixer is configured to receive an oscillation signal output by the local oscillator and perform coherent processing on an optical signal output by the single-mode optical fiber based on the oscillation signal.

[0091] It should be understood that the optical signal after coherent processing contains the information of the original signal, while the intensity of background noise and other interference signals is suppressed, which is conducive to the extraction of effective information in the optical signal.

[0092] In some examples, a transmission link based on single-mode optical fiber transmission and coherent processing can be called a coherent link, a coherent system, a single-mode coherent link, or a single-mode coherent system, etc., and a link based on multimode transmission can be called an incoherent link, an incoherent system, a multi-mode incoherent link, or a multi-mode incoherent system, etc. This application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0093] In the embodiment of the present application, coherent processing is performed on the optical signal received by the single-mode optical fiber, which is beneficial to improving the optical coupling efficiency and the performance of the entire communication device.

[0094] As an optional embodiment, the above-mentioned target parameters may include one or more of the following: optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period; environmental precipitation; or environmental image.

[0095] It should be understood that the optical power statistics, environmental precipitation, or environmental images corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period can be understood as different parameters describing the strength of atmospheric turbulence. These parameters can be used alone to evaluate the strength of atmospheric turbulence, or one or more parameters can be combined for evaluation. This application does not limit this.

[0096] As an optional embodiment, when the target parameter includes the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the first condition includes that the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conform to a first mathematical distribution, and the second condition includes that the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conform to a second mathematical distribution.

[0097] In one possible implementation, the communication device 400 may further include an optical splitter, and the optical signal output from the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module passes through the optical splitter to input one or more optical signals into the control module, and the control module calculates the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period. When the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conform to the first mathematical distribution, the optical signal from the optical receiving module is controlled to be input into the first optical transmission module for multi-mode transmission. When the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conform to the second mathematical distribution, the optical signal from the optical receiving module is controlled to be input into the second optical transmission module for single-mode transmission.

[0098] Optionally, the preset time period may be 1 second, 1 millisecond or any other time period, which is not limited in itself.

[0099] Optionally, the above mathematical distribution can be a light intensity fluctuation probability density function such as a Gamma-Gamma distribution, a log-normal distribution, or any other statistical model that can reflect the strength of atmospheric turbulence, and this application does not make any specific limitations on this.

[0100] In one possible implementation, the control module can calculate the probability density function (PDF) of the optical signal output from the optical splitter according to the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal in a preset time period, and compare the obtained PDF with different turbulence parameters (Cn 2 ) under the Gamma-Gamma distribution, and finding the first turbulence parameter that matches the PDF, it can be considered that the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal in the preset time period conforms to the Gamma-Gamma distribution corresponding to the first turbulence parameter.

[0101] Exemplarily, the first mathematical distribution may be Cn 2 The Gamma-Gamma distribution corresponding to the time when it is greater than or equal to 1e-13 can also be understood as the first mathematical distribution reflecting the mathematical distribution under strong turbulence; the above second mathematical distribution can be Cn 2 The Gamma-Gamma distribution corresponding to a value less than or equal to 1e-15 can also be understood as the second mathematical fraction being the mathematical distribution under weak turbulence.

[0102] Optionally, the above PDF and Cn 2 The comparison method may include but is not limited to machine learning and other methods. The control module may be preset with a program code corresponding to the comparison method, which is not limited in this application.

[0103] In an embodiment of the present application, by calculating the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the control module can control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module for multi-mode transmission when the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conform to the first mathematical distribution; and control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module for single-mode transmission when the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conform to the second mathematical distribution. This allows the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application to select different transmission modes under different turbulence conditions, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0104] In another possible implementation, the control module can calculate the average optical power (also known as received power) of the optical signal output from the optical splitter over a preset time period. This instantaneous received power value (e.g., millisecond-level power) can be used to determine power fluctuations and, in turn, the intensity of turbulence. Furthermore, the link margin, which is equal to the difference between the received power and the link sensitivity, can be used to determine link availability.

[0105] For example, the transmission distance between the transmitting and receiving ends of the optical signal is 3 km, the transmission power of the optical signal is 30 dBm, the sensitivity of the coherent link based on single-mode optical fiber transmission is -50 dBm, the sensitivity of the incoherent link based on multi-mode optical fiber transmission is -30 dBm, and the strong turbulence scene (for example, Cn 2 Greater than or equal to 1e-13), weak turbulence scenarios (such as Cn 2 Taking the average optical power of the optical signal within a preset time period as an example, the selection of the transmission mode by the control module based on the average optical power of the optical signal within the preset time period is explained.

[0106] In a strong turbulence scenario, the control module determines the following possible parameters for the received power, link margin, and power fluctuation of an incoherent link using multimode fiber transmission: received power = 30dBm (transmit power) - 36dBm (geometric loss and coupling loss caused by turbulence) = -6dBm, link margin = -6dBm (receive power) - (-30dBm (receive sensitivity)) = 24dBm, and power fluctuation caused by turbulence of approximately 30dB. For the received power, link margin, and power fluctuation of a coherent link using single-mode fiber transmission, the control module determines the following possible parameters: received power = 30dBm (transmit power) - 60dBm (geometric loss and coupling loss caused by turbulence) = -30dBm, link margin = -30dBm (receive power) - (-50dBm (receive sensitivity)) = 20dBm, and power fluctuation caused by turbulence of approximately 50dB, exceeding the processing capability of the adaptive optical attenuation system and potentially causing bit errors. It can be seen that in this case, the performance of the incoherent link based on multimode optical fiber transmission is better.

[0107] In a weak turbulence scenario, based on the received power, link margin, and power fluctuation of a coherent link transmitted over a single-mode fiber, some possible parameters determined by the control module include: received power = 30dBm (transmit power) - 60dBm (power attenuation due to heavy rain or rainstorm) - 10dBm (geometric loss and coupling loss caused by turbulence) = -40dBm. The received power (-40dBm) is less than the incoherent link sensitivity (-30dBm), and the incoherent link is disconnected. Based on the received power, link margin, and power fluctuation of a coherent link transmitted over a single-mode fiber, some possible parameters determined by the control module include: received power = 30dBm (transmit power) - 60dBm (power attenuation due to heavy rain or rainstorm) - 15dBm (geometric loss and coupling loss caused by turbulence) = -45dBm. The received power (-45dBm) is still greater than the coherent link sensitivity (-50dBm), and the coherent link can still communicate normally. It can be seen that in this case, since the coherent link is less sensitive than the incoherent link, the coherent link based on single-mode fiber transmission has better performance in weak turbulence scenarios.

[0108] It should be understood that the above description of the parameter values ​​of the optical signal is only exemplary and does not constitute a specific limitation to the present application.

[0109] In an embodiment of the present application, by calculating the average optical power of the optical signal within a preset time period, the control module can use the instantaneous value of the received power (for example, millisecond-level power) to judge the power fluctuation, and judge the strength of the turbulence by the power fluctuation. It can also use the relationship that the link margin is equal to the difference between the link sensitivity and the received power to judge whether the link is available, and select the transmission mode of the optical signal based on the link margin and power fluctuation of the incoherent link of multi-mode optical fiber transmission and the coherent link based on single-mode optical fiber transmission. This allows the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application to select different transmission modes under different turbulence conditions, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0110] As an optional embodiment, when the target parameter includes ambient precipitation, the first condition includes that the ambient precipitation is less than or equal to a third threshold, and the second condition includes that the ambient precipitation is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, wherein the third threshold is less than or equal to the fourth threshold.

[0111] In one possible implementation, the communication device further includes a rainfall detection module configured to detect ambient precipitation and transmit the ambient precipitation to the control module. When the control module determines that the ambient precipitation is less than or equal to a third threshold, the control module controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module. When the control module determines that the ambient precipitation is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, the control module controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module.

[0112] It should be understood that atmospheric turbulence is related to the thermal effects of air density differences and temperature changes, and therefore the intensity of atmospheric turbulence is closely related to weather conditions. For example, when the ambient precipitation is less than or equal to the third threshold, it can be considered a strong turbulence environment, and when the ambient precipitation is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold, it can be considered a weak turbulence environment, but this application does not impose any specific restrictions on this. Alternatively, the third threshold can be 10 mm per day, and the fourth threshold can be 50 mm per hour, but this application does not impose any specific restrictions on this.

[0113] Optionally, the rainfall detection module may be any device or component capable of detecting the amount of water in the environment, such as a rain gauge, a rain gauge, or a sensor for detecting rainfall, and this application does not make any specific limitation on this.

[0114] In an embodiment of the present application, using the ambient water volume as a target parameter allows the control module to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module when it determines that the ambient precipitation is less than or equal to a third threshold, and to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module when it determines that the ambient precipitation is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold. Because the intensity of atmospheric turbulence is closely related to weather conditions, the method provided by the present application, on the one hand, facilitates the communication device to select different transmission modes under different turbulence conditions, thereby facilitating the maintenance of the performance stability of the communication device. On the other hand, the method of detecting ambient precipitation through the rainfall detection module is relatively convenient and direct, thereby improving the efficiency of the control module and further enhancing the performance of the communication system.

[0115] As an optional embodiment, when the target parameter includes an environmental image, the first condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is sunny, cloudy or light rain, and the second condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is heavy rain or rainstorm.

[0116] In one possible implementation, the communication device further includes an image processing module configured to capture and recognize an environmental image and transmit the recognition result of the environmental image to the control module. For example, the control module may control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input to the first optical transmission module when the recognition result of the environmental image indicates sunny, cloudy, or light rain, and may control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input to the second optical transmission module when the recognition result of the environmental image indicates heavy rain or rainstorm.

[0117] Optionally, the image processing module can be a device including a camera, an image processing chip, a neural network model or an artificial intelligence (AI) model trained for image recognition, or any other device that can capture and recognize environmental images. This application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0118] In another possible implementation, the communication device may further include a network communication module that can obtain meteorological data from any open online meteorological platform and send the weather conditions corresponding to the meteorological data to the control module. The control module may control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module when the weather condition is sunny, cloudy, or light rain, and may also control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module when the weather condition is heavy rain or rainstorm. This application does not specifically limit the manner in which the control module obtains weather condition information.

[0119] In an embodiment of the present application, the selection of the optical signal transmission mode of the communication device is achieved through the prediction or real-time monitoring of weather conditions, which is beneficial for the control module to select a communication link with better performance based on changes in weather conditions, which is beneficial for reducing the impact of different atmospheric turbulence conditions or different weather conditions on the performance of the communication device, and is beneficial for maintaining the stability of the performance of the communication device.

[0120] Below, taking the communication device 500 shown in Figure 5 as an example, the structure of the communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application is described in detail. The communication device 500 is described as an example in which the first optical transmission module is a multi-mode optical fiber and the second optical transmission module is a single-mode optical fiber.

[0121] As shown in Figure 5, the communication device 500 includes: an optical receiving module 401, a control module 404, a multi-mode optical fiber 515, a single-mode optical fiber 516, a splitter 505, a splitter 506, a multi-mode matching module 507, a mixer 508, a local oscillator 509, a photoelectric detection module 510, a photoelectric detection module 511, a digital signal processor 504, a target parameter calculation module 512, a rainfall detection module 513 and an image processing module 514, etc.

[0122] Optionally, the control module 404 may include a deflection control module 501, a beam adjustment module 502, and a lens 503, but this application is not limited thereto. In one possible implementation, the deflection control module 501 outputs a control instruction to the beam adjustment module 502, which controls the beam adjustment module to adjust the path of the optical signal from the optical receiving module 401 so that it is refracted by the lens 503 and enters the multimode optical fiber 515 or the single-mode optical fiber 516.

[0123] In a possible implementation, the beam adjustment module 502 includes a motor, and the control instruction output by the deflection control module 501 to the beam adjustment module 502 may be an instruction related to the motor angle, but this application does not limit this.

[0124] Optionally, the deflection control module 501 may be a nutation controller, a liquid crystal controller, etc., and the beam adjustment module 502 may be a device capable of changing the light path, such as a fast steering mirror (FSM) or a liquid crystal, which is not specifically limited in this application.

[0125] In one possible implementation, the target parameter calculation module 512 can be used to calculate or identify parameters such as optical power statistics, ambient precipitation, ambient image, received power, link margin, and power fluctuation corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period mentioned above. Alternatively, the functions of the target parameter calculation module 512 can be implemented by the deflection control module 501, or the target parameter calculation module 512 can be integrated into the deflection control module 501. Alternatively, the target parameter calculation module 512 can be integrated into the control module 404 and cooperate with the deflection control module 501 to control the optical signal path.

[0126] In one possible implementation, the communication device 500 may not include the rainfall detection module 513 and the image processing module 514. In this case, the communication device 500 may calculate the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period for the light beam output by the splitter 505 and / or 506 through the target parameter calculation module 512, so that when the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conform to the first mathematical distribution, the control module 404 controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to input the multimode optical fiber 515; when the optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conform to the second mathematical distribution, the control module 404 controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to input the single-mode optical fiber 516.

[0127] In another possible implementation, the communication device 500 may not include the optical splitter 505, the optical splitter 506 and the image processing module 514. In this case, the communication device 500 can calculate the ambient precipitation output by the rain detection module 513 through the target parameter calculation module 512, so that the control module 404 controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the multimode optical fiber 515 when the ambient precipitation is less than or equal to the third threshold, and controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the single-mode optical fiber 516 when the ambient precipitation is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold.

[0128] In another possible implementation, the communication device 500 may not include the optical splitter 505, the optical splitter 506 and the rainfall detection module 513. In this case, the communication device 500 can use the target parameter calculation module 512 to perform statistics on the recognition results output by the image processing module 514 (for example, it can be the probability of a certain recognition result occurring within a preset time period), so that the control module 404 controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the multimode optical fiber 515 when the recognition result is sunny, cloudy or light rain, or when the probability of the recognition result being sunny, cloudy or light rain within a certain time period is greater than a preset threshold, and controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the single-mode optical fiber 516 when the recognition result is heavy rain or rainstorm, or when the probability of the recognition result being heavy rain or rainstorm within a certain time period is greater than a preset threshold.

[0129] In another possible implementation, the communication device 500 may include an optical splitter 505, an optical splitter 506, a rainfall detection module 513, and an image processing module 514. The control module 404 may select a transmission path for the optical signal based on one or more of the following: an optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, ambient precipitation output by the rainfall detection module 513, and an identification result output by the image processing module 514, calculated by the target parameter calculation module 512 for the optical beams output by the optical splitters 505 and / or 506. Optionally, the target parameter calculation module 512 may calculate one or more of the aforementioned three target parameters, or a combination thereof; this is not specifically limited in this application.

[0130] As an optional embodiment, the multimode fiber and the single-mode fiber can be placed adjacent to each other. This helps reduce the rotation range of the beam adjustment module, saving power. It also helps ensure that the effective receiving areas of the multimode fiber and the single-mode fiber are within the adjustable range of the beam adjustment module, thereby maintaining the performance of the communication device.

[0131] The following describes a communication method provided by this application.

[0132] The communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be performed by a communication device including an optical receiving module, a first optical transmission module, a second optical transmission module, and a control module. Optionally, the communication device can be the aforementioned communication device 400 or communication device 500, which is applicable to the aforementioned communication system 300, and this application does not limit this.

[0133] The communication method includes:

[0134] Step 1: Receive the optical signal through the optical receiving module.

[0135] Step 2: When the target parameters meet the first condition, the control module is used to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module, and the optical signal is transmitted in multimode through the first optical transmission module; or, when the target parameters meet the second condition, the control module is used to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module, and the optical signal is transmitted in single mode through the second optical transmission module. The target parameters include parameters related to atmospheric turbulence, and the intensity of the atmospheric turbulence in the first condition is greater than the intensity of the atmospheric turbulence in the second condition.

[0136] In a possible implementation, the target parameter includes one or more of the following: statistics of fluctuations in the light spot arrival angle corresponding to the light signal within a preset time period; environmental precipitation; or an environmental image.

[0137] In one possible implementation, when the target parameter includes an optical power statistic corresponding to an optical signal within a preset time period, the first condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to a first mathematical distribution, and the second condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to a second mathematical distribution.

[0138] In one possible implementation, when the target parameter includes ambient precipitation, the first condition includes that the ambient precipitation is less than or equal to a third threshold, and the second condition includes that the ambient precipitation is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, wherein the third threshold is less than or equal to the fourth threshold.

[0139] In a possible implementation, the communication device further includes a rainfall detection module, and the method further includes: detecting environmental precipitation by the rainfall detection module, and transmitting the environmental precipitation to the control module.

[0140] In a possible implementation, when the target parameter includes an environmental image, the first condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is sunny, cloudy, or light rain, and the second condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is heavy rain or rainstorm.

[0141] In a possible implementation, the communication device further includes an image processing module, and the method further includes: collecting and identifying an environmental image through the image processing module, and transmitting the identification result of the environmental image to the control module.

[0142] In one possible implementation, the communication device also includes a beam adjustment module, which controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module through the control module, including: controlling the beam adjustment module through the control module to input the optical signal from the optical receiving module into the first optical transmission module; controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module through the control module, including: controlling the beam adjustment module through the control module to input the optical signal from the optical receiving module into the second optical transmission module.

[0143] In a possible implementation, the first optical transmission module includes a multimode optical fiber.

[0144] In a possible implementation, the second optical transmission module includes a single-mode optical fiber.

[0145] In a possible implementation, the communication device further includes a local oscillator and a mixer, and the method further includes: receiving an oscillation signal output by the local oscillator through the mixer, and performing coherent processing on an optical signal output by the single-mode optical fiber based on the oscillation signal.

[0146] In a possible implementation, the multimode optical fiber in the first optical transmission module and the single-mode optical fiber in the second optical transmission module are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0147] In a possible implementation, the communication device further includes a multi-mode matching module, and the method further includes: coupling the optical signal from the first optical transmission module through the multi-mode matching module.

[0148] In a possible implementation, the communication device further includes a photoelectric conversion module, and the method further includes: converting the optical signal from the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module into an electrical signal by the photoelectric conversion module.

[0149] In a possible implementation, the communication device further includes a digital signal processor, and the method further includes: encoding and decoding the electrical signal by the digital signal processor.

[0150] The beneficial effects of the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application are similar to the beneficial effects of the aforementioned communication device and will not be repeated here.

[0151] The present application also provides a communication system, including the communication device provided in the present application as a receiving end, and the communication device provided in the present application or other communication devices as a transmitting end, so as to implement the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0152] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. in the specification and claims of the embodiments of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the embodiments of the present application described herein can, for example, be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "may include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0153] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the embodiments of the present application are described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents, and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device includes an optical receiving module, a first optical transmission module, a second optical transmission module and a control module; The optical receiving module is used to receive an optical signal, the first optical transmission module is used to perform multi-mode transmission on the optical signal from the optical receiving module, and the second optical transmission module is used to perform single-mode transmission on the optical signal from the optical receiving module; The control module is used to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module when the target parameter meets the first condition, or to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module when the target parameter meets the second condition, the target parameter includes a parameter related to atmospheric turbulence, and the intensity of the atmospheric turbulence in the first condition is greater than the intensity of the atmospheric turbulence in the second condition.

2. The communication device according to claim 1, characterized in that The target parameters include one or more of the following: The optical power statistics corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period; Ambient precipitation; or Environment image.

3. The communication device according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the case where the target parameter includes an optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the first condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to a first mathematical distribution, and the second condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to a second mathematical distribution.

4. The communication device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: When the target parameter includes environmental precipitation, the first condition includes that the environmental precipitation is less than or equal to a third threshold, and the second condition includes that the environmental precipitation is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, wherein the third threshold is less than or equal to the fourth threshold.

5. The communication device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The communication device further comprises a rainfall detection module, which is used to detect environmental precipitation and transmit the environmental precipitation to the control module.

6. The communication device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: In the case where the target parameter includes an environmental image, the first condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is sunny, cloudy or light rain, and the second condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is heavy rain or rainstorm.

7. The communication device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The communication device further includes an image processing module, which is used to collect and recognize the environmental image and transmit the recognition result of the environmental image to the control module.

8. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The communication device further includes a light beam adjustment module, and the light beam adjustment module is used to adjust the path of the light signal from the light receiving module according to the control instruction of the control module.

9. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The first optical transmission module includes a multimode optical fiber.

10. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The second optical transmission module includes a single-mode optical fiber.

11. The communication device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The communication device further includes a local oscillator and a mixer, wherein the mixer is used to receive an oscillation signal output by the local oscillator and perform coherent processing on an optical signal output by the single-mode optical fiber based on the oscillation signal.

12. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The multimode optical fiber in the first optical transmission module and the single-mode optical fiber in the second optical transmission module are arranged adjacent to each other.

13. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The communication device further includes a multi-mode matching module, and the multi-mode matching module is used to couple the optical signal from the first optical transmission module.

14. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The communication device further includes a photoelectric conversion module, and the photoelectric conversion module is used to convert the optical signal from the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module into an electrical signal.

15. The communication device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The communication device further comprises a digital signal processor, and the digital signal processor is used to encode and decode the electrical signal.

16. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to a communication device including an optical receiving module, a first optical transmission module, a second optical transmission module and a control module, the method includes: Receiving an optical signal through the optical receiving module; When the target parameter meets the first condition, the control module controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module, and the first optical transmission module performs multimode transmission on the optical signal; or When the target parameters meet the second condition, the control module is used to control the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module, and the optical signal is transmitted in single mode through the second optical transmission module. The target parameters include parameters related to atmospheric turbulence, and the intensity of the atmospheric turbulence in the first condition is greater than the intensity of the atmospheric turbulence in the second condition.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that The target parameters include one or more of the following: Statistics of the fluctuation of the light spot arrival angle corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period; Ambient precipitation; or Environment image.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that In the case where the target parameter includes an optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within a preset time period, the first condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to a first mathematical distribution, and the second condition includes that the optical power statistic corresponding to the optical signal within the preset time period conforms to a second mathematical distribution.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that When the target parameter includes environmental precipitation, the first condition includes that the environmental precipitation is less than or equal to a third threshold, and the second condition includes that the environmental precipitation is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, wherein the third threshold is less than or equal to the fourth threshold.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that The communication device further includes a rainfall detection module, and the method further includes: The environmental precipitation is detected by the rain detection module and transmitted to the control module.

21. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that In the case where the target parameter includes an environmental image, the first condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is sunny, cloudy or light rain, and the second condition includes that the recognition result of the environmental image is heavy rain or rainstorm.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that The communication device further includes an image processing module, and the method further includes: The environmental image is collected and recognized by the image processing module, and the recognition result of the environmental image is transmitted to the control module.

23. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 22, characterized in that The communication device further includes a beam adjustment module, which controls the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the first optical transmission module through the control module, including: Controlling the light beam adjustment module through the control module to input the light signal from the light receiving module into the first light transmission module; The step of controlling the optical signal from the optical receiving module to be input into the second optical transmission module by the control module includes: The light beam adjustment module is controlled by the control module to input the light signal from the light receiving module into the second light transmitting module.

24. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 23, characterized in that The first optical transmission module includes a multimode optical fiber.

25. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 24, characterized in that The second optical transmission module includes a single-mode optical fiber.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that The communication device further includes a local oscillator and a mixer, and the method further includes: The mixer receives the oscillation signal output by the local oscillator, and performs coherent processing on the optical signal output by the single-mode optical fiber based on the oscillation signal.

27. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 26, characterized in that The multimode optical fiber in the first optical transmission module and the single-mode optical fiber in the second optical transmission module are arranged adjacent to each other.

28. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 27, characterized in that The communication device further includes a multi-mode matching module, and the method further includes: The optical signal from the first optical transmission module is coupled through the multi-mode matching module.

29. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 28, characterized in that The communication device further includes a photoelectric conversion module, and the method further includes: The optical signal from the first optical transmission module or the second optical transmission module is converted into an electrical signal by the optical-to-electrical conversion module.

30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that The communication device further includes a digital signal processor, and the method further includes: The electronic signal is encoded and decoded by the digital signal processor.

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