Light adjusting glass and preparation method therefor

Abstract

Provided is light adjusting glass. By introducing a PVB composite adhesive film formed by compounding an EVA layer or a TPU layer with a PVB layer, a synergistic effect is produced between the EVA layer or the TPU layer and the PVB layer, and consequently a low interlayer temperature of the PVB composite adhesive film is achieved, and thereby a low temperature interlayer requirement for the light adjustment film is able to be satisfied; the present invention also has important significance because the invention possesses good adhesion and mechanical properties and satisfies an aging stability requirement.

Description

A dimming glass, preparation method and application thereof Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a dimming glass, and more particularly to a dimming glass having a PVB composite adhesive film with a composite EVA layer or a TPU layer as an interlayer, a preparation method thereof, and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] Smart glass is a light control device that mainly places a smart film between two layers of transparent glass. Types of smart films include suspended particle (SPD) smart film, polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) smart film, electrochromic (EC) smart film, thermochromic (TC) smart film, and photochromic (PC) smart film. Smart glass made with suspended particle smart film, polymer dispersed liquid crystal smart film, and electrochromic smart film are respectively called suspended particle smart glass, polymer dispersed liquid crystal smart glass, and electrochromic smart glass. For suspended particle smart glass, polymer dispersed liquid crystal smart glass, or electrochromic smart glass, when electricity is turned on, the arrangement or state of the material in the smart film changes, thereby changing the light transmittance of the smart glass, such as changing from low transmittance to high transmittance, or from high transmittance to low transmittance. This type of dimming glass, which can achieve rapid conversion between on and off states through the action of electric field / current, has the advantages of actively regulating light transmittance and energy saving. The device can be used as smart windows and rearview mirrors, sunglasses, displays, etc. in spacecraft, high-speed railways, cars, buildings, etc.

[0003] Conventional PVB film (Polyvinyl butyral interlayer) used in laminated glass is commonly used to make suspended particle dimming glass, polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming glass, and electro-variable dimming glass. Conventional PVB film has a high shear viscosity, typically 180°C and a shear rate of 43.09s. -1 The shear viscosity is above 1800Pa·s, and a higher laminating temperature is required when making smart glass. This has a certain negative impact on the performance of suspended particle smart film, polymer dispersed liquid crystal smart film, and electro-variable smart film. At the same time, due to the high hardness and high rigidity of conventional PVB after lamination, the residual stress causes the smart glass to seriously degrade in dimming performance during long-term use, resulting in unqualified performance of smart glass products.

[0004] Therefore, when manufacturing suspended particle dimming glass, polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming glass, and electro-variable dimming glass, the use of conventional PVB film has a serious problem of affecting the stability of the dimming glass. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a better film material that can not only meet the adhesion requirements of the dimming glass, but also eliminate the problem of dimming performance degradation of the dimming glass.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a dimming glass. The dimming glass provided by the present invention has good bonding performance and dimming performance, and also achieves aging stability.

[0007] In view of this, the present application provides a dimming glass, comprising:

[0008] A first transparent glass, a second transparent glass, and a dimming film disposed between the first transparent glass and the second transparent glass;

[0009] A first interlayer is provided between the first transparent glass and the dimming film, and / or a second interlayer is provided between the second transparent glass and the dimming film;

[0010] The first interlayer and / or the second interlayer comprises a PVB composite film, and the PVB composite film comprises a PVB layer and an EVA layer or a TPU layer composited on at least one surface of the PVB layer.

[0011] Preferably, the PVB composite film includes a temperature of 130-150°C and a shear rate of 43.09s -1 Under the conditions, the shear viscosity of the PVB layer is 1200-1600 Pa·s.

[0012] Preferably, the PVB composite film includes a temperature of 110°C and a shear rate of 43.09s -1 Under the conditions, the shear viscosity of the PVB layer is 500-900 Pa·s.

[0013] Preferably, the PVB composite film comprises a three-layer structure of a first PVB layer, a second PVB layer and a third PVB layer laminated in sequence.

[0014] The first PVB layer and the third PVB layer are independently selected from 130-150° C., a shear rate of 43.09s -1 Under the conditions, the shear viscosity of the PVB layer is 1200-1600 Pa·s;

[0015] The second PVB layer was formed at 110°C and a shear rate of 43.09s -1 Under the conditions, the shear viscosity of the PVB layer is 500-900 Pa·s;

[0016] The thickness of the first PVB layer and the third PVB layer are independently 20-45% of the total thickness of the PVB film.

[0017] Preferably, at least one surface of the PVB layer is compounded with an EVA layer or a TPU layer.

[0018] Preferably, the EVA layer or TPU layer is formed by coating through a laminating process, and the thickness of the EVA layer or TPU layer is 10 to 100 microns.

[0019] Preferably, the thickness of the EVA layer or TPU layer is 10 to 100 microns.

[0020] Preferably, the EVA layer or TPU layer is formed by coating through a lamination process.

[0021] Preferably, when the EVA layer or TPU layer is compounded on one surface of the PVB layer, the EVA layer or TPU layer is close to the transparent glass end.

[0022] Preferably, the PVB layer further comprises one or more of an ultraviolet absorber, an infrared absorber, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer and a plasticizer;

[0023] The ultraviolet absorber is selected from one or more of salicylates, benzophenones, benzotriazoles, triazines, trimethoxybenzoates, p-aminobenzoic acids, phenyl cinnamate, camphor derivatives, benzamidines, and benzoxazines;

[0024] The infrared absorber is selected from one or more of Fe2O3, SiC, SiO2, Si3N4, Al2O3, CaCO3, TiO2, Nb2O5, ZnO, mica, graphite, tungsten bronze, indium tin oxide, antimony tin oxide, and copper sulfide with oxygen defects;

[0025] The antioxidant is selected from one or more of tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) propionate]pentaerythritol, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite, β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, ethylene bis(oxyethylene)bis[3-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-m-tolyl)propionate], triphenyl phosphite and triphenyl phosphate;

[0026] The light stabilizer is selected from one or more of bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, 1-methyl-8-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-5-piperidinyl) sebacate and 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)-benzotriazole;

[0027] The plasticizer is selected from one or more of benzene polyester plasticizers and aliphatic ester plasticizers.

[0028] Preferably, the mass content of the ultraviolet absorber in the PVB layer is 0.1 to 5 wt%, and / or the mass content of the infrared absorber in the PVB layer is 0.1 to 5 wt%, and / or the mass content of the antioxidant in the PVB layer is 0.1 to 5 wt%, and / or the mass content of the light stabilizer in the PVB layer is 0.1 to 5 wt%.

[0029] Preferably, the dimming film is selected from at least one of a suspended particle dimming film, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film and an electrochromic dimming film.

[0030] Preferably, the glass is selected from at least one of inorganic glass and organic glass.

[0031] The present application also provides a method for preparing the dimming glass, comprising:

[0032] According to the structure of the dimming glass, the layers are stacked and laminated to obtain the dimming glass.

[0033] Preferably, the temperature of the lamination treatment is 90-120°C.

[0034] The present application also provides applications of the dimming glass or the dimming glass prepared by the preparation method, and applications of the dimming glass on automobile window glass, skylight glass or glass curtain wall.

[0035] The present invention provides a dimming glass comprising: a first transparent glass, a second transparent glass, and a dimming film disposed between the first and second transparent glasses; a first interlayer disposed between the first transparent glass and the dimming film, and / or a second interlayer disposed between the second transparent glass and the dimming film; the first interlayer and / or the second interlayer comprising a PVB composite film, wherein the PVB composite film comprises a PVB layer and an EVA layer or a TPU layer composited to at least one surface of the PVB layer. The dimming glass provided by the present invention utilizes a PVB composite film composited with an EVA layer or a TPU layer and a PVB layer, thereby resolving the problem of performance degradation of the dimming glass while also meeting the dimming film's requirements for low-temperature interlayer bonding and adhesion, and thus has promising application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of the switchable glass of the present invention;

[0037] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a PVB composite adhesive film with a composite EVA layer or TPU layer according to the present invention;

[0038] FIG3 is a photograph of the switchable glass provided in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention after aging at 105° C. for 216 hours;

[0039] In FIG1 , 1 is the first transparent glass, 2 is the PVB composite film, 3 is the dimming film, and 4 is the second transparent glass;

[0040] In Figure 2, a is the EVA layer or TPU layer, and b is the temperature at 130-150°C and a shear rate of 43.09s -1 Under the conditions, the shear viscosity of the first PVB layer is 1200-1600 Pa·s, c is at 110℃, shear rate 43.09s -1 Under the conditions, the shear viscosity of the second PVB layer is 500-900 Pa·s, d is 130-150℃, the shear rate is 43.09s -1 Under the conditions, the shear viscosity of the third PVB layer is 1200-1600 Pa·s. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to further understand the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than limiting the claims of the present invention.

[0042] In view of the requirements for adhesive strength of the prior art smart glass and the need to prevent the dimming performance of the smart glass from attenuating, the present invention provides a smart glass. By introducing a PVB composite adhesive film, the PVB layer and the TPU layer or EVA layer work together to enable the smart glass to have both adhesive strength and dimming performance, and have good aging stability. Specifically, the embodiments of the present invention disclose a smart glass comprising:

[0043] A first transparent glass, a second transparent glass, and a dimming film disposed between the first transparent glass and the second transparent glass;

[0044] A first interlayer is provided between the first transparent glass and the dimming film, and / or a second interlayer is provided between the second transparent glass and the dimming film;

[0045] The first interlayer and / or the second interlayer comprises a PVB composite film, and the PVB composite film comprises a PVB layer and an EVA layer or a TPU layer composited on at least one surface of the PVB layer.

[0046] In the present invention, the structural diagram of the switchable glass may be as shown in FIG1 , in which 1 is the first transparent glass, 2 is the PVB composite film, 3 is the switchable film; and 4 is the second transparent glass.

[0047] In the present invention, the first transparent glass and the second transparent glass may be the same or different, and there is no particular limitation on this. There is no particular limitation on the types of the first transparent glass and the second transparent glass. They may be conventional transparent glass for dimming glass well known to those skilled in the art. They may be ordinary glass such as inorganic glass, organic glass, organic glass such as PC board, PMMA board, etc.; they may also be functional glass such as UV blocking glass, IR blocking glass, Low-E glass, tempered glass or antibacterial glass, etc.; they may also be selected from colored glass such as gray glass, brown glass, etc.

[0048] The PVB composite film of the present invention includes one PVB layer or three PVB layers; for one PVB layer, it is at 130-150°C and a shear rate of 43.09s -1 Under the conditions, the shear viscosity of the PVB layer is 1200-1600 Pa·s or at 110℃ and a shear rate of 43.09s -1 Under the conditions, the shear viscosity of the PVB layer is 500-900 Pa·s; for the three-layer PVB layer, it is a three-layer structure of the first PVB layer, the second PVB layer and the third PVB layer superimposed in sequence.

[0049] The first PVB layer and the third PVB layer are independently selected from 130-150° C., a shear rate of 43.09s -1 Under the conditions, the shear viscosity of the PVB layer is 1200-1600 Pa·s;

[0050] The second PVB layer was formed at 110°C and a shear rate of 43.09s -1 Under the conditions, the shear viscosity of the PVB layer is 500-900 Pa·s;

[0051] The thickness of the first PVB layer and the third PVB layer are independently 20-45% of the total thickness of the PVB composite film.

[0052] In the present invention, the PVB composite film preferably adopts the PVB layer of the above-mentioned three-layer structure. For this structure, the EVA layer or the TPU layer is compounded on at least one surface of one layer of the three-layer structure. Specifically, the EVA layer or the TPU layer is compounded on the surface of the first PVB layer and the third PVB layer, as shown in Figure 2, wherein a is the EVA layer or TPU layer, b is the first PVB layer, c is the second PVB layer, and d is the third PVB layer. In the present invention, the shear viscosity of the first PVB layer can be the same as the shear viscosity of the third PVB layer, or different from the shear viscosity of the third PVB layer, but the shear viscosity of the first PVB layer and the shear viscosity of the third PVB layer must meet the requirements of 130-150°C and a shear rate of 43.09s. -1Under the conditions, the shear viscosity is 1200-1600 Pa·s. In a specific embodiment, the first PVB layer is the same as the third PVB layer.

[0053] In the present invention, the PVB layer further comprises one or more of an ultraviolet absorber, an infrared absorber, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer and a plasticizer;

[0054] The UV absorber is selected from one or more of salicylates, benzophenones, benzotriazoles, triazines, trimethoxybenzoates, p-aminobenzoic acids, phenyl cinnamate, camphor derivatives, benzamidines, and benzoxazines; preferably selected from one or more of Tinuvin-123, UV-3765, UV-328, Tinuvin-384-2, UV-360, UV-327, UV-234, and UV-400. The UV absorber has a mass content of 0.1 to 5 wt%, and specifically, a content of 1 to 3 wt%.

[0055] In the present invention, the infrared absorber can be a metallized or carbide microparticle, and is preferably selected from one or more of Fe2O3, SiC, SiO2, Si3N4, Al2O3, CaCO3, TiO2, Nb2O5, ZnO, mica, graphite, tungsten bronze, indium tin oxide, antimony tin oxide, and copper sulfide with oxygen defects. The infrared absorber has a mass content of 0.1 to 5 wt%, and more preferably, a content of 1 to 3 wt%.

[0056] In the present invention, the PVB layer may also contain additives such as antioxidants and light stabilizers that can improve the light and heat stability of the PVB layer.

[0057] The antioxidant is selected from one or more of pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)propionate], tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite, n-octadecylβ-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, ethylene bis(oxyethylene)bis[3-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-m-tolyl)propionate], triphenyl phosphite, and triphenyl phosphate. The antioxidant has a mass content of 0.1 to 5 wt%, specifically, 1 to 3 wt%.

[0058] The light stabilizer is selected from one or more of bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, 1-methyl-8-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-5-piperidinyl) sebacate, and 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)-benzotriazole. The weight content of the light stabilizer is 0.1 to 5 weight percent, specifically, the weight content of the light stabilizer is 1 to 3 weight percent.

[0059] In the present invention, the PVB layer may also contain a plasticizer, which may be a benzene polyester, such as phthalates, trimellitic acid esters, preferably selected from dihexyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate, didecyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate, triisodecyl trimellitic acid, tridecyl trimellitic acid, trioctyl trimellitic acid, triisooctyl trimellitic acid, trihexyl trimellitic acid and 4,5- One or more of dioctyl (2-ethylhexyl) epoxy tetrahydrophthalate; the plasticizer can also be an aliphatic ester, preferably selected from one or more of triethylene glycol di-(2-ethylhexanoate), triethylene glycol di-(2-ethylbutyrate), triethylene glycol diheptanoate, tetraethylene glycol diheptanoate, dihexyl adipate, dioctyl adipate, cyclohexyl hexyl adipate, diisononyl adipate, heptylnonyl adipate and dibutyl sebacate.

[0060] In the present invention, when the PVB layer of the PVB composite film has a three-layer structure, there is no particular limitation on the location of one or more of the aforementioned UV absorbers, infrared absorbers, antioxidants, light stabilizers, and plasticizers within the PVB layer. In specific embodiments, the aforementioned additives are present in the middle layer of the PVB layer. Due to the significant differences in compatibility and processing temperature between EVA / TPU and PVB, adding EVA and / or TPU to PVB to prepare a blended film is not a reasonable approach.

[0061] In the present invention, the dimming film is selected from at least one of a suspended particle dimming film, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film and an electrochromic dimming film.

[0062] In the present invention, the EVA layer or the TPU layer is compounded on one surface or both surfaces of the PVB layer. When compounded on one surface of the PVB layer, its end close to the transparent glass, that is, the EVA layer or TPU layer faces the glass. In the present invention, the EVA layer or the TPU layer is preferably compounded on both surfaces of the PVB layer. The compounding method of the EVA layer or the TPU layer on the PVB layer is carried out in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. In a specific embodiment, the EVA layer or the TPU layer can be formed by coating with a laminating process. The specific laminating process is not particularly limited in the present invention and can be carried out in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. The thickness of the EVA layer or TPU layer is 10 to 100 microns, specifically, the thickness of the EVA layer or TPU layer is 15 to 90 microns, more specifically, the thickness of the EVA layer or TPU layer is 30 to 80 microns.

[0063] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the switchable glass, comprising:

[0064] According to the structure of the dimming glass, the layers are stacked and laminated to obtain the dimming glass.

[0065] In the present invention, the laminating method is not particularly limited and can be any conventional laminating method for switchable glass in the art, such as laminating in a laminator, an autoclave, or a laminating box / furnace. In the present invention, the laminating temperature is preferably 90-120°C; illustratively, the laminating temperature is 90°C, 100°C, 110°C, 115°C, or 120°C. In the present invention, the laminating process is performed in a laminator, with vacuuming for 10-20 minutes followed by gradual pressurization to 400-500 kPa for 20-40 minutes.

[0066] The present invention also provides applications of the dimming glass, which can be specifically applied to automobile glass, skylight glass or glass curtain wall.

[0067] In order to further understand the present invention, the switchable glass provided by the present invention, its preparation method and application are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following embodiments.

[0068] Shear viscosity measurement method: The shear viscosity of PVB was measured using a Malvern Rosand precision rheometer RH2000, with a comparative shear rate of 43.09s -1 , the shear viscosity at different temperatures is 130-150℃ for single-layer PVB; for three-layer PVB, the two side layers are 130-150℃, and the middle layer is 110℃;

[0069] Test method for the adhesion of switchable glass: Prepare and test the sample according to 5.4.6 knock value test in GB / T 32020-2015. The larger the knock value, the stronger the adhesion.

[0070] Method for measuring the dimming performance ΔT of smart glass: When the smart glass is not powered on, the visible light transmittance is recorded as Toff. When the smart glass is connected to the corresponding working power supply, the visible light transmittance of the smart glass is recorded as Ton, then ΔT = Ton - Toff. The working power supply of different smart glasses is different. For example, suspended particle smart glass can generally be connected to 110V, 60Hz AC, polymer dispersed liquid crystal smart glass can generally be connected to 60V, 60Hz AC, and electro-variable smart glass can generally be connected to 3V DC. The specific measurement should be based on the product requirements.

[0071] High temperature stability test method for smart glass: Place 30cm x 30cm smart glass in a 105℃ forced air oven and test the light transmittance after different aging times.

[0072] The present invention will be further described below by way of examples.

[0073] [Example 1] A PVB composite film composed of a layer of EVA and a layer of PVB

[0074] The PVB layer was heated at 135°C and the shear rate was 43.09s -1 Under the following conditions, the shear viscosity is 1350 Pa·s. While extruding the film, an EVA layer is coated on one side of the surface of the PVB layer through a laminating process to obtain a PVB composite film. The thickness of the PVB layer is 380 μm, and the thickness of the EVA layer is 15 μm.

[0075] The detailed parameters of each layer are shown in Table 1.

[0076] [Example 2] PVB composite film composed of two EVA layers and one PVB layer

[0077] The PVB layer was heated at 130°C and the shear rate was 43.09s -1 Under the following conditions, the shear viscosity is 1600 Pa·s. While extruding the film, an EVA layer is coated on both sides of the surface of the PVB layer by a laminating process to obtain a PVB composite film. The UV absorber in the PVB layer is Tinuvin-123 with a content of 1.0wt%, and the infrared absorber is TiO2 particles with a content of 1.5wt%. The thickness of the PVB layer is 760 μm, and the thickness of the EVA layer is 85 μm.

[0078] The detailed parameters of each layer are shown in Table 1.

[0079] [Example 3] PVB composite film composed of one TPU layer and three PVB layers

[0080] The middle layer of the PVB layer is heated at 110°C and the shear rate is 43.09s -1 Under the conditions, the shear viscosity is 900Pa·s, the two sides of the PVB layer are at 150℃ and the shear rate is 43.09s -1 Under the following conditions, the shear viscosity is 1600 Pa·s. While extruding into a film, a TPU layer is coated on one side of the surface of the PVB layer by a laminating process to obtain a PVB composite film. The infrared absorber in the PVB layer is Nb2O5 particles with a content of 5.0wt%, which exists in the middle layer of the PVB layer. The thickness of the PVB layer is 760 microns, and the thickness of the TPU layer is 10 microns.

[0081] The detailed parameters of each layer are shown in Table 1.

[0082] [Example 4] PVB composite film composed of two EVA layers and three PVB layers

[0083] The middle layer of the PVB layer is heated at 110°C and the shear rate is 43.09s -1Under the conditions, the shear viscosity is 500Pa·s, the two sides of the PVB layer are at 145℃ and the shear rate is 43.09s -1 Under the following conditions, the shear viscosity is 1200 Pa·s. While extruding into a film, an EVA layer is coated on both sides of the surface of the PVB layer by a laminating process to obtain a PVB composite film. The UV absorber in the PVB layer is UV-328 with a content of 4.5 wt %, which is present in the middle layer of the PVB layer. The thickness of the PVB layer is 380 μm, and the thickness of the EVA layer is 50 μm.

[0084] The detailed parameters of each layer are shown in Table 1.

[0085] [Example 5] PVB composite film composed of two PTU layers and three PVB layers

[0086] The middle layer of the PVB layer is heated at 110°C and the shear rate is 43.09s -1 Under the conditions, the shear viscosity is 700Pa·s, the two sides of the PVB layer are at 135℃ and the shear rate is 43.09s -1 Under the following conditions, the shear viscosity is 1400 Pa·s. While extruding the film, TPU layers are coated on both sides of the surface of the three PVB layers through a laminating process to obtain a PVB composite film; wherein the thickness of the PVB layer is 380 μm, and the thickness of the TPU layer is 10 μm.

[0087] The detailed parameters of each layer are shown in Table 1.

[0088] [Example 6] PVB composite film composed of two EVA layers and three PVB layers

[0089] The middle layer of the PVB layer is heated at 110°C and the shear rate is 43.09s -1 Under the conditions, the shear viscosity is 900Pa·s, the two sides of the PVB layer are at 130℃ and the shear rate is 43.09s -1 Under the following conditions, the shear viscosity is 1600 Pa·s. While extruding into a film, EVA layers are coated on both sides of the surfaces of the three PVB layers by a laminating process to obtain a PVB composite film layer. The ultraviolet absorber in the PVB layer is UV-400 with a content of 0.5wt%, and the infrared absorber is tungsten bronze particles with a content of 2.5wt%. The ultraviolet absorber and the infrared absorber are present in the middle layer of the PVB layer. The thickness of the PVB layer is 760 μm, and the thickness of the EVA layer is 100 μm.

[0090] The detailed parameters of each layer are shown in Table 1.

[0091] [Example 7] Smart Glass

[0092] Two sheets of the PVB composite film and suspended particle dimming film from Example 1 were used, along with ordinary white glass. The layers were stacked according to the structure of the dimming glass shown in FIG1 , with the EVA layer facing the glass. The laminated films were laminated in a laminator to produce the dimming glass. The laminating conditions were: temperature 100°C, vacuuming for 10 minutes, gradually increasing the pressure to 450 kPa, and delaying for 30 minutes.

[0093] The knock value, 105°C aging stability time and other performance of the switchable glass were tested. The detailed parameters and test results are shown in Table 2.

[0094] [Example 8] Smart Glass

[0095] Two sheets of the PVB composite film, suspended particle dimming film, and gray glass of Example 2 were used, and the layers were stacked according to the structure of the dimming glass shown in FIG1 , and then laminated to obtain the dimming glass. The laminating conditions were the same as those of Example 7, except that the laminating temperature was 110° C.

[0096] The knock value, 105°C aging stability time and other performance of the switchable glass were tested. The detailed parameters and test results are shown in Table 2.

[0097] [Example 9] Smart Glass

[0098] Two sheets of the PVB composite film, polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, and PC board of Example 3 were used. After stacking the layers according to the structure of the dimming glass shown in FIG1 , the TPU layer was oriented toward the PC board and laminated to obtain the dimming glass. The laminating conditions were the same as those of Example 7, except that the laminating temperature was 115° C.

[0099] The knock value, 105°C aging stability time and other performance of the switchable glass were tested. The detailed parameters and test results are shown in Table 2.

[0100] [Example 10] Smart Glass

[0101] Two sheets of the PVB composite film, polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, and Low-E glass of Example 4 were used, and the layers were stacked according to the structure of the dimming glass shown in FIG1 , and then laminated to obtain the dimming glass. The laminating conditions were the same as those of Example 7, except that the laminating temperature was 90° C.

[0102] The knock value, 105°C aging stability time and other performance of the switchable glass were tested. The detailed parameters and test results are shown in Table 2.

[0103] [Example 11] Smart Glass

[0104] Two sheets of the PVB composite film, electrochromic dimming film, and Low-E glass of Example 5 were used, and the layers were stacked according to the structure of the dimming glass shown in FIG1 , and then laminated to obtain the dimming glass. The laminating conditions were the same as those of Example 7, except that the laminating temperature was 120° C.

[0105] The knock value, 105°C aging stability time and other performance of the switchable glass were tested. The detailed parameters and test results are shown in Table 2.

[0106] [Example 12] Smart Glass

[0107] Two sheets of the PVB composite film, electrochromic dimming film, and ordinary white glass of Example 6 were used, and the layers were stacked according to the structure of the dimming glass shown in FIG1 , and then laminated to obtain the dimming glass. The laminating conditions were the same as those of Example 7, except that the laminating temperature was 110° C.

[0108] The knock value, 105°C aging stability time and other performance of the switchable glass were tested. The detailed parameters and test results are shown in Table 2.

[0109] [Comparative Example 1] Smart Glass

[0110] Same as [Example 8]; except that the PVB composite film in [Example 2] is replaced with a conventional PVB film (RF41 from Eastman).

[0111] The knock value, 105°C aging stability time and other performance of the switchable glass were tested. The detailed parameters and test results are shown in Table 2.

[0112] Due to the high hardness and rigidity of conventional PVB laminated glass, residual stress causes the dimming performance of the dimming glass to degrade significantly during long-term use. In this comparative example, after aging at 105°C for 216 hours and connecting the glass to 110V, 60Hz AC power, most of the center area of ​​the glass had lost its dimming performance, as shown in Figure 3.

[0113] [Comparative Example 2] Smart Glass

[0114] The same test as in Example 8 was performed, except that the PVB composite film in Example 2 was replaced with a conventional PVB film (Eastman RF41), and the lamination temperature was 135°C. After lamination, the dimming performance of the switchable glass was severely degraded, with a ΔT of only 11.5%. Therefore, testing the aging stability at 105°C was unnecessary.

[0115] The knock value of the dimming glass was tested. The detailed parameters and test results are shown in Table 2.

[0116] [Comparative Example 3] Smart Glass

[0117] Same as Example 8, except that the PVB composite film in Example 2 was replaced with a conventional EVA film, and the lamination temperature was 135°C. After lamination, the dimming performance of the switchable glass was severely degraded, with a ΔT of only 15.7%. Therefore, testing the aging stability at 105°C was unnecessary.

[0118] The knock value of the dimming glass was tested. The detailed parameters and test results are shown in Table 2.

[0119] [Comparative Example 4] Smart Glass

[0120] Same as Example 8, except that the PVB composite film in Example 2 was replaced with a conventional TPU film, and the lamination temperature was 135°C. After lamination, the dimming performance of the switchable glass was severely degraded, with a ΔT of only 13.8%. Testing the aging stability at 105°C was unnecessary.

[0121] The knock value of the dimming glass was tested. The detailed parameters and test results are shown in Table 2.

[0122] Table 1 Parameters of PVB composite film Note: X indicates non-existence.

[0123] Table 2 Performance data of the dimming glass prepared in the examples and comparative examples Note: X indicates that the dimming performance is severely degraded after lamination.

[0124] Comparison of [Example 7] to [Example 12] with [Comparative Example 1] shows that the tapping value of the dimming glass produced by using the PVB composite film composed of the EVA layer or TPU layer and the PVB layer of the present invention is much greater than that of the conventional PVB film. This is because the conventional PVB film has a high shear viscosity and requires a higher lamination temperature to achieve good adhesion between the film and the glass, and between the film and the PET, while lamination at a lower temperature will result in poor adhesion and a low tapping value. At the same time, the aging stability at 105°C is also greatly improved. The aging stability at 105°C of [Example 7] to [Example 12] exceeds 1000 hours, while that of [Comparative Example 1] is only 216 hours.

[0125] Comparison of Examples 7 to 12 with Comparative Example 2 reveals that while the knock performance of the switchable glass made with conventional PVB in Comparative Example 2 is comparable to that of the switchable glass made with the PVB composite film of the present invention, which is composed of an EVA layer or TPU layer and a PVB layer, conventional PVB has a high shear viscosity and requires high-temperature lamination to ensure good adhesion between the PVB and the glass, and between the PVB and the switchable film, resulting in high knock performance. However, excessively high lamination temperatures significantly degrade the performance of the switchable film. After lamination at 135°C, the switchable performance ΔT of the switchable glass in Comparative Example 2 was only 11.5%.

[0126] Conventional EVA and TPU films require high-temperature lamination to ensure good adhesion between the film and glass, and between the film and the dimming film, which results in a high knock resistance. However, excessively high lamination temperatures can lead to significant degradation in the performance of the dimming film. For example, in Comparative Example 3, after lamination at 135°C, the dimming performance ΔT of the dimming glass was only 15.7%. In Comparative Example 4, after lamination at 135°C, the dimming performance ΔT of the dimming glass was only 13.8%.

[0127] In summary, the switchable glass described in the present invention utilizes a PVB composite film composed of an EVA or TPU layer and a PVB layer. Through the synergistic effect of the multi-layer structure and the excellent adhesion of the EVA or TPU layer to the glass and PET layers, the film exhibits excellent adhesion and mechanical properties. This enables the switchable glass to meet the requirements for adhesion and aging stability, which is of great significance.

[0128] The above embodiments are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. It should be noted that, without departing from the principles of the present invention, a number of improvements and modifications may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0129] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A dimming glass, characterized in that, Comprising: A first transparent glass, a second transparent glass, and a dimming film disposed between the first transparent glass and the second transparent glass; A first interlayer is disposed between the first transparent glass and the dimming film, and / or a second interlayer is disposed between the second transparent glass and the dimming film; The first interlayer and / or the second interlayer includes a PVB composite film, and the PVB composite film includes a PVB layer and an EVA layer or a TPU layer compounded on at least one surface of the PVB layer.

2. The dimming glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PVB composite film includes a PVB layer with a shear viscosity of 1200 to 1600 Pa·s at 130 to 150 °C and a shear rate of 43.09 s -1 under the condition.

3. The dimming glass according to claim 1, wherein, The PVB composite film includes a PVB layer having a shear viscosity of 500 to 900 Pa·s at 110°C and a shear rate of 43.09 s -1 -1 4. The dimming glass according to claim 1, wherein The PVB composite film includes a three-layer structure of a first PVB layer, a second PVB layer, and a third PVB layer stacked and compounded in sequence, The first PVB layer and the third PVB layer are each independently selected from PVB layers having a shear viscosity of 1200 to 1600 Pa·s under the conditions of 130 to 150 °C and a shear rate of 43.09 s -1 -1; The second PVB layer is a PVB layer with a shear viscosity of 500 to 900 Pa·s under the conditions of 110 °C and a shear rate of 43.09 s -1 ; The thicknesses of the first PVB layer and the third PVB layer are each independently 20 to 45% of the total thickness of the PVB film.

5. The dimming glass according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least one surface of the PVB layer is compounded with an EVA layer or a TPU layer.

6. The dimming glass according to claim 5, characterized in that, The EVA layer or the TPU layer is formed by coating through a curtain coating process, and the thickness of the EVA layer or the TPU layer is 10 to 100 microns.

7. The dimming glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the EVA layer or the TPU layer is 10 to 100 microns.

8. The dimming glass according to claim 7, wherein, The EVA layer or the TPU layer is formed by coating through a curtain coating process.

9. The dimming glass according to claim 1, wherein When the EVA layer or the TPU layer is compounded on one surface of the PVB layer, the EVA layer or the TPU layer is near the transparent glass end.

10. The dimming glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PVB layer further includes one or more of an ultraviolet absorber, an infrared absorber, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, and a plasticizer; The ultraviolet absorber is selected from one or more of salicylate esters, benzophenones, benzotriazoles, triazines, trimethoxybenzoic acid esters, p-aminobenzoic acids, phenyl cinnamates, camphor derivatives, benzamidines, and benzoxazines; The infrared absorber is selected from one or more of Fe2O3, SiC, SiO2, Si3N4, Al2O3, CaCO3, TiO2, Nb2O5, ZnO, mica, graphite, tungsten bronze, indium tin oxide, antimony tin oxide, and copper sulfide with oxygen defects; The antioxidant is selected from one or more of pentaerythritol tetra[β-(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)propionate], tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, n-octadecyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, ethylene bis(oxyethylene) bis[3-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-m-tolyl)propionate], triphenyl phosphite, and triphenyl phosphate; The light stabilizer is selected from one or more of bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 1-methyl-8-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-5-piperidyl) sebacate, and 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)-benzotriazole; The plasticizer is selected from one or more of phthalate plasticizers and aliphatic ester plasticizers.

11. The dimming glass according to claim 10, wherein, The mass content of the ultraviolet absorber in the PVB layer is 0.1 to 5 wt%, and / or the mass content of the infrared absorber in the PVB layer is 0.1 to 5 wt%, and / or the mass content of the antioxidant in the PVB layer is 0.1 to 5 wt%, and / or the mass content of the light stabilizer in the PVB layer is 0.1 to 5 wt%.

12. The dimming glass according to claim 1, wherein, The dimming film is selected from at least one of a suspended particle dimming film, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, and an electrochromic dimming film.

13. The dimming glass according to claim 1, wherein, The glass is selected from at least one of inorganic glass and organic glass.

14. The method for preparing the dimming glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, Comprising: According to the structure of the dimming glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13, each layer is stacked and then subjected to lamination treatment to obtain a dimming glass.

15. The preparation method according to claim 14, wherein The temperature of the lamination treatment is 90 to 120 °C.

16. Use of the dimming glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13 or the dimming glass prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 14 to 15, characterized in that, The application of the dimming glass in automotive window glass, skylight glass or glass curtain walls.

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