Anti-icing method and system for blades of wind turbine generator set

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are an anti-icing method and system for blades of a wind turbine generator set. The method comprises: establishing an icing prediction model; collecting in real time meteorological data of a wind turbine generator set, and collecting icing state data of blades of the wind turbine generator set; performing calculation on the basis of the meteorological data collected in real time and the icing prediction model, and on the basis of a calculation result, predetermining whether an icing condition is currently met; if the icing condition is currently met, heating the blades, and performing real-time calculation on the collected data, and when a non-icing condition is met, stopping heating; on the basis of the currently collected icing state data, determining whether an icing state is reached; and if the icing state is reached, heating the blades, and when the collected icing state data has met the non-icing condition, stopping heating. The method can achieve an effect of preventing icing in advance, data of blades can be monitored in real time, and repeated icing caused by meteorological changes can be prevented, thereby ensuring the normal operation of a wind turbine generator set.

Description

Method and system for preventing icing of wind turbine blades Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of wind turbines, and relates to a method and system for preventing icing of blades of a wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] Blade icing has a significant impact on wind turbine operation. First, it places additional load on the blades, impacting normal operation. Second, when ice breaks off, it significantly increases safety risks, potentially causing equipment damage and personal injury. Therefore, in general, turbines without blade de-icing devices will shut down once blade icing occurs until the ice clears, resulting in power loss. Furthermore, even if some turbines are equipped with blade de-icing devices, incomplete de-icing processes can pose safety risks. Therefore, the best way to mitigate the impact of icing on wind turbines is to perform anti-icing treatment on the blades.

[0003] At present, the treatment of ice on wind turbine blades is more focused on how to remove the ice, such as using gas-heat deicing or electric heating deicing. Although these methods can achieve the effect of deicing, these treatment processes are equivalent to post-processing. The impact of icing on wind turbines has already occurred, and the deicing process does not consider safety, whether the deicing is complete, whether re-icing can be prevented, and other issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art that ice treatment is carried out after re-icing occurs, which affects the normal operation of the wind turbine, and has poor de-icing effect, incomplete de-icing, and safety hazards. A method and system for preventing ice from forming on wind turbine blades is provided.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for preventing icing of blades of a wind turbine generator system comprises the following steps:

[0007] Build an icing prediction model;

[0008] Collect the unit's meteorological data in real time, and collect the unit's blade icing data;

[0009] Based on real-time meteorological data and icing prediction model calculations, the system predicts whether icing conditions have been met. If so, the blades are heated. At the same time, the collected data is calculated in real time. When the non-icing conditions are met, heating is stopped.

[0010] The currently collected freezing state data is used to determine whether the blade has reached the freezing state. If so, the blade is heated. When the collected freezing state data meets the non-freezing condition, the heating is stopped.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is:

[0012] The establishment of the icing prediction model includes:

[0013] Collect the temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure and wind speed of the unit and build a database based on the collected data;

[0014] Establish an icing prediction model through the database.

[0015] The icing data is collected by an icing sensor.

[0016] The icing sensor is installed on the top of the wind turbine cabin.

[0017] When the freezing state is predicted to have been reached according to the freezing state data, the step of heating the blades includes:

[0018] When the freezing state data is 0.9≤In<1, the heating system is turned on and operates at low power;

[0019] When the freezing state data In≥1, the heating system switches to high power state;

[0020] When the freezing state data In starts to decrease continuously, it indicates that the ice is beginning to melt and the heating system is ready to be shut down.

[0021] When the non-freezing state is reached, the step of stopping heating comprises:

[0022] Turn the heating system to low power and run it for 1 hour before turning it off.

[0023] The following steps are also included:

[0024] When freezing conditions are reached, the alarm system is activated.

[0025] A wind turbine blade anti-icing system includes a model building module, a data acquisition module, a first heating module and a second heating module;

[0026] Model building module, used to build icing prediction model;

[0027] Data acquisition module, used to collect meteorological data of the unit in real time and collect icing data of the unit blades;

[0028] The first heating module is used to calculate based on the real-time collected meteorological data and the icing prediction model, and based on the calculation results, predict whether the current icing conditions have been met. If so, the blades are heated and the collected data are calculated in real time. When the non-icing conditions are met, the heating is stopped;

[0029] The second heating module is used to judge whether the currently collected freezing state data has reached the freezing state. If so, the blade is heated. When the collected freezing state data has met the non-freezing condition, the heating is stopped.

[0030] A terminal device comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of any one of the methods of the present invention when executing the computer program.

[0031] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any method described in the present invention.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The present invention discloses a method for preventing icing of blades of a wind turbine generator set. A prediction model is established, and calculation and judgment are performed based on the prediction model and meteorological data. It is predicted in advance whether an icing state will occur. At the same time, the prediction of the prediction model is compensated in combination with the prediction of the icing data to avoid the phenomenon of model prediction errors. The method coordinates the two judgment directions to improve the monitoring and prediction results of icing. The blades can be heated in advance through early prediction to prevent blade icing, which reduces the impact on the wind turbine generator set. The meteorological data is monitored and calculated in real time to obtain the icing situation in time. When the non-icing conditions are met, the heating can be stopped in time to reduce power damage. The method can prevent icing in advance, and can monitor the blade data in real time. It can also prevent repeated icing caused by meteorological changes, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the wind turbine generator set.

[0034] Furthermore, when the ice is frozen, the method can activate an alarm system to prevent ice from being thrown off the blades and causing harm to people around, thereby improving safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0036] FIG1 is a logic diagram of the heating system start-up of the present invention;

[0037] FIG2 is a heating system shutdown logic diagram of the present invention. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0039] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," etc. appear, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0043] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0044] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0045] 1 , an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for preventing icing of wind turbine blades, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Establish an icing prediction model;

[0047] Establish a database of unit temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure and wind speed, denoted as Tn, Hn, Pn and WSn respectively;

[0048] During the establishment of the database, the sampling interval was set to 10 min;

[0049] The freezing state is recorded as FroS. According to historical meteorological data, different states are divided into:

[0050] FroS=0: no ice;

[0051] FroS=1: Frozen;

[0052] FroS=2: Ice begins to melt (the temperature is above 0°C or In begins to decrease from the maximum value)

[0053] The three states in this embodiment are divided according to historical data. The current state can be determined based on the currently collected data to determine which state the current state belongs to, and then the icing can be further predicted. This step can be combined with the following model calculation and meteorological state data judgment to improve the accuracy of the prediction of the entire method.

[0054] Among them, the meteorological data such as Tn, Hn, Pn, and WSn are used to establish an icing prediction model, and the model is trained with historical data.

[0055] In this embodiment, the temperature and humidity meter is used to monitor the temperature and humidity of the external environment, and one is installed on the outside of the cabin;

[0056] The anemometer is used to measure the wind speed at the unit, and the measurement results of the anemometer of the unit itself are directly used.

[0057] It also includes a data collector, which receives and stores information such as icing data, temperature and humidity, atmospheric pressure and wind speed.

[0058] The unit's main control unit can receive signals from the microserver, putting the blade surface heating system into operation and controlling the entire heating process.

[0059] Step 2: Collect the unit's meteorological data in real time and collect the unit's blade icing data;

[0060] Icing meteorological data is collected through icing sensors and is a supplement to model predictions. The monitored icing data is expressed as an icing coefficient, denoted as In, where In=1 when icing occurs, and a larger In value represents more severe icing.

[0061] In this embodiment, the icing sensor is installed on the top of the unit cabin to monitor the icing condition of the external environment.

[0062] Step 3:

[0063] Calculations are performed based on real-time collected meteorological data and an icing prediction model. Based on the calculation results, it is predicted whether the current icing conditions have been met. If so, the blades are heated. The collected data is calculated in real time. When it is predicted that the non-icing conditions have been met, heating is stopped.

[0064] In this embodiment, the currently collected meteorological data is calculated based on the prediction model, and the calculation result obtained represents the ice thickness. According to the ice thickness data, it is predicted whether the ice state will be reached under the current meteorological state.

[0065] The currently collected freezing state data is used to determine whether the blade has reached the freezing state. If so, the blade is heated. When the collected freezing state data has reached the non-freezing state, the heating is stopped.

[0066] Referring to FIG1 , if the currently collected icing state data 0.9≤In<1, the heating system is turned on and first operates in a low power state;

[0067] When In>=1, the heating system switches to high power state.

[0068] When the icing coefficient In starts to decrease continuously (for more than 3 sampling periods), it indicates that the icing conditions are no longer met.

[0069] When the freezing conditions are no longer met and heating is stopped:

[0070] Referring to FIG2 , the heating system switches to a low power state and continues to operate for 1 hour before automatically stopping.

[0071] The reason for continuing to run for 1 hour is mainly to prevent changes in external conditions and the need to turn on the heating system again. A delay of 1 hour can prevent freezing again.

[0072] In this embodiment, the blade surface heating system is installed on the outer surface of the blade to heat the blade surface. The system has two gears: low power (can be heated to 20°C) and high power (can be heated to 30°C), which can be automatically adjusted.

[0073] This embodiment also adds a sound alarm system. When the ice enters the freezing state, the sound alarm system is turned on to prevent ice from being thrown off and injuring people. After the freezing period has passed, the sound alarm system is turned off.

[0074] This embodiment adopts a combination of prediction and monitoring. Prediction is to use meteorological data to build a model for prediction, and monitoring is to use an ice sensor to directly monitor the ice situation. This can more accurately ensure the effect of preheating and prevent blades from freezing. In conjunction with the heating system, the anti-icing effect is guaranteed to the greatest extent possible. On the basis of reducing power damage, the anti-icing effect can be maintained as much as possible. In addition, the sound alarm system can prevent ice from being thrown off the blades as much as possible and cause harm to people around.

[0075] A wind turbine blade anti-icing system includes a model building module, a data acquisition module, a first heating module and a second heating module;

[0076] Model building module, used to build icing prediction model;

[0077] Data acquisition module, used to collect meteorological data of the unit in real time and collect icing data of the unit blades;

[0078] The first heating module is used to calculate based on the real-time collected meteorological data and the icing prediction model, and based on the calculation results, predict whether the current icing conditions have been met. If so, the blades are heated and the collected data are calculated in real time. When the non-icing conditions are met, the heating is stopped;

[0079] The second heating module is used to determine whether the blade has reached the freezing state based on the currently collected freezing state data. If so, the blade is heated. When the collected freezing state data meets the non-freezing condition, the heating is stopped.

[0080] A schematic diagram of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present invention. The terminal device in this embodiment includes: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of each of the aforementioned method embodiments are implemented. Alternatively, when the processor executes the computer program, the functions of each module / unit in each of the aforementioned device embodiments are implemented.

[0081] The computer program may be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to accomplish the present invention.

[0082] The terminal device may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a PDA, a cloud server, etc. The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory.

[0083] The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.

[0084] The memory may be used to store the computer programs and / or modules, and the processor implements various functions of the terminal device by running or executing the computer programs and / or modules stored in the memory and calling the data stored in the memory.

[0085] If the module / unit integrated into the terminal device is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention can implement all or part of the process steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments by using a computer program to instruct the relevant hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed by a processor, the computer program can implement the steps of each of the above-mentioned method embodiments. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in source code form, object code form, executable file, or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard drive, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal, and software distribution medium. It should be noted that the content of the computer-readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased based on the requirements of legislation and patent practice in a jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media does not include electric carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0086] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing icing of wind turbine blades, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Establishing an icing prediction model; Collect the unit's meteorological data in real time, and collect the unit's blade icing data; Based on the real-time collected meteorological data and the icing prediction model calculation, based on the calculation results, it is predicted whether the current icing conditions are met. If so, the blades are heated, and the collected data is calculated in real time. When the non-icing conditions are met, the heating is stopped; The currently collected freezing state data is used to determine whether the freezing state has been reached. If so, the blades are heated. When the collected freezing state data has met the non-freezing conditions, the heating is stopped.

2. A method for preventing icing of wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The establishment of the icing prediction model includes: Collect the temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure and wind speed of the unit, and establish a database based on the collected data; An icing prediction model is established through the database.

3. A method for preventing icing of wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The icing data is collected by an icing sensor.

4. A method for preventing icing of wind turbine blades according to claim 3, characterized in that: The icing sensor is installed on the top of the wind turbine cabin.

5. The wind turbine blade anti-icing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the freezing state is predicted according to the freezing state data, the step of heating the blades comprises: When the freezing state data is 0.9≤In<1, the heating system is turned on and operates at a low power state; When the freezing state data In≥1, the heating system switches to high power state; When the freezing state data In starts to decrease continuously, it indicates that the ice begins to melt and the heating system is ready to be shut down.

6. A method for preventing icing of wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the non-freezing state is reached, the step of stopping heating comprises: Switch the heating system to low power mode and run it for 1 hour before shutting down the heating system.

7. A method for preventing icing of wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: When freezing conditions are reached, the alarm system is activated.

8. A wind turbine blade anti-icing system, characterized in that: It includes a model building module, a data acquisition module, a first heating module and a second heating module; Model building module, used to build icing prediction model; Data acquisition module, used to collect meteorological data of the unit in real time and collect icing data of the unit blades; The first heating module is used to calculate based on the real-time collected meteorological data and the icing prediction model, and based on the calculation results, predict whether the current icing conditions are met. If so, the blades are heated, and the collected data is calculated in real time. When the non-icing conditions are met, the heating is stopped; The second heating module is used to determine whether the currently collected freezing state data has reached the freezing state. If so, the blades are heated. When the collected freezing state data has met the non-freezing conditions, the heating is stopped.

9. A terminal device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

Images