Fastening device and overhead contact line system having fastening device

Abstract

The invention relates to a fastening arrangement (1) and to an overhead contact line system having at least one fastening device (1) of this kind for at least one overhead contact line (2, 3) for supplying power to at least one vehicle on a track, wherein: the fastening arrangement (1) is provided for fastening to a structure (5) having at least one enclosed region (6), through which structure the at least one overhead contact line (2, 3) and the track extend; the fastening arrangement (1) is arranged at least in part within the enclosed region (6) and substantially horizontally over the track; the fastening arrangement (1) comprises at least one profile (10), which extends substantially in parallel with the direction of travel, and at least one holding device (15); the at least one holding device (15) is connected to the at least one overhead contact line (2, 3); and the at least one profile (10) is at least partly electrically isolating and can be slidingly contacted by a current collector (25) of the at least one vehicle.

Description

[0001]202221364 1 Description Fastening device and overhead line system with fastening device The invention relates to a fastening device and an overhead line system with fastening device. For the electrical power supply of rail-bound and / or non-rail-bound vehicles of all kinds, for example long-distance or local trains, electric trucks or electric buses, etc., an uninterrupted power supply is desirable. This requires, among other things, that the current-carrying lines, in particular overhead lines or contact wires, have uninterrupted contact with the corresponding current collector(s), in particular pantographs, of the vehicles in question. For the installation of the current-carrying lines above the vehicles and their brackets, appropriate space is required, in particular sufficient installation space for the mechanical installation of the brackets under structures, for example bridges, tunnels, sign gantries, etc.in the case of variable message sign systems, for example on motorways, etc. This is generally limited under structures and the available installation space may not be sufficient because otherwise, for example, the minimum electrical distances to be maintained would be exceeded, etc. In such cases, either the electrical power supply cannot be guaranteed under the structures in question, for example a bridge, or the structure, for example a bridge, would have to be rebuilt, which in turn severely restricts the operation of the respective route over longer periods of time and thus causes very high construction and operating costs overall.Due to the salt ingress caused by the proximity of overhead line systems to sea coasts or by road salt on roads in winter, and particularly by the resulting salt spray caused by road traffic, the required creepage distances for the supports of the current-carrying lines must be significantly longer than in comparable applications. This makes the mechanical installation of supports even more difficult where space is limited. In order to keep the size of the necessary installation space for the contact lines and the necessary protective space for the pantographs of the associated vehicles as small as possible and thus avoid correspondingly cost-intensive structural measures wherever possible, the following determining parameters are usually taken into account as far as possible. The size of the necessary installation space for the contact lines and overhead lines under or within buildings orwithin the enclosed space of structures is determined or influenced by the following parameters: - the height of the current-carrying conductor, for example the contact wire etc., - the lift of the current-carrying conductor and its holding device by the current collector(s) or pantograph(s) of the vehicle(s), - the minimum electrical distance in air between the active parts of an overhead line system and the corresponding structural parts, for example the bottom edge of a bridge, - the vertical installation space of the holding devices for the respective current-carrying conductor(s), - the design of the structure with or without "caverns", i.e. any cavities in the structures in question that may be present and usable for installation, - the coverage of the travel routes in the direction of travel by the structure in question, for example a bridge, and - in the case of a bridge, the inclination of the bottom edge of the bridge and the relevant travel route to one another.The size of the necessary protective space for a pantograph or pantograph on routes, in particular with or for non-track-guided or non-rail-bound vehicles, is accordingly determined or influenced by the following parameters: - the lift of the pantograph when leaving the live overhead lines laterally; in these situations, it must be ensured that the pantograph of a vehicle must under no circumstances impact the structure in question and / or cause an electrical short circuit, - the travel speed of the vehicle in question - the longitudinal inclination of the live overhead line(s) to the roadway in question.The invention is based on the object of specifying a fastening device and a contact line system with at least one such fastening device, with which the required installation space for overhead line systems and the required protective space for current collectors or pantographs of the vehicles in question can be reduced. This object is achieved by the features of independent patent claim 1 and the co-ordinate patent claim 14. Further developments and refinements of the invention can be found in the features of the dependent patent claims.For this purpose, the fastening device according to the invention, which is intended for fastening to a structure with at least one enclosed area, has at least one profile running essentially parallel to the direction of travel of at least one vehicle on a route and at least one holding device, wherein the at least one holding device is connected to at least one overhead line, wherein the at least one overhead line and the route lead through the structure with the at least one enclosed area, and wherein the at least one profile is at least partially electrically insulating and designed to be loopable by a current collector of the at least one vehicle. The solution according to the invention has the advantage that the necessary installation space for the overhead line or contact line can be reduced due to the flat fastening device.202221364 4 Furthermore, by using at least one or more of the electrically insulating and grindable profiles for guiding the pantograph around and under the edges and lower edges of the respective structure through which the overhead line or contact line system passes, the necessary protective space for the pantograph(s) or pantograph(s) of the vehicle(s) can also be reduced. Particularly in overhead line systems for rail-bound vehicles, the associated pantographs or pantographs can be guided through a single profile and an overhead line or contact wire, wherein the overhead line or contact wire is fixed upwards by means of the holding device, for example with an end position stop. When multiple profiles are used, these are arranged essentially parallel to one another.Accordingly, the solution according to the invention is advantageously suitable and applicable for both rail-bound and non-rail-bound vehicles of all kinds, for example long-distance or local trains, electric trucks or electric buses, etc. Thus, corresponding travel routes or routes under structures or through structures, for example bridges, tunnels, sign gantries, etc., can be electrified more easily. Particularly in the case of structures with particularly low construction heights above the travel routes or routes, the solution according to the invention makes it possible to electrify the corresponding routes without structural changes to the structures in question. Cost-intensive new construction or even raising of structures can therefore be avoided. Furthermore, an uninterrupted electrical power supply on the respective travel routes or routes can be ensured.guideways can be ensured, whereby the service life of the corresponding components, e.g. sliding elements of the current collector(s), main switches on or in the vehicles, etc., is increased accordingly due to less stress on their service life. In this way, the length of the electrifiable routes without interruptions in the power supply is increased and thus the overall attractiveness of the 202221364 5 electrification of guideways or routes, for example roads, in particular motorways, railway lines, etc. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the holding device is essentially rod-shaped, with a first end being connected to the at least one contact line and the second end being connected at least indirectly to the structure, the holding device being arranged essentially to the side of the contact wire.Particularly preferably, the holding device has a joint at the second end, by means of which the holding device is connected in an articulated manner to the structure. The holding device is preferably designed to be insulating. The connection of the first end of the holding device to the at least one overhead line is realized, for example, via an additional clamp. In this way, the holding device can be constructed to be particularly flat and elastic and can be arranged essentially transversely or horizontally, i.e. essentially parallel to the underside of a structure, for example a bridge, whereby the necessary installation space for the overhead line or overhead line can be further reduced. According to a further preferred development of the invention, the holding device can be deflected at least partially upwards.As a result, the holding device can compensate for deflections of the overhead line, for example caused by or during travel with current collectors or pantographs of the vehicles, in particular by means of pressure at the first end of the holding device on the overhead line. Particularly preferably, the holding device can be deflected not only vertically, but also horizontally, in particular in the direction of travel. As a result, the holding device can react flexibly to changes in the length of the overhead line, for example due to weather influences, etc., can move with these and thus compensate for them. 202221364 6 Particularly preferably, the first end of the holding device can be deflected upwards from a normal position to an adjustable end position. As a result, the maximum deflection, i.e. the respectively desired orThe necessary final adjustment and thus the end stop of the holding device upwards, towards the structure in question, can be individually adjusted and thus limited, so that, depending on the local conditions, a minimum electrical distance to the respective structure can be guaranteed in all cases and thus cannot be undercut. The short-term minimum electrical distance is, for example, 50 mm for ≤ 3 kV with direct current (DC), which must not be undercut for safety reasons, e.g. due to electrical flashovers, etc. According to a further preferred development of the invention, the holding device has an insulator with a long creepage distance between the first and second ends. This advantageously permanently increases the creep resistance, preventing gradual destruction of the insulators used by creepage currents, or at least significantly slowing it down.In this way, the holding device is particularly effectively protected against damage caused by salt spray, especially over roads with salt in winter and / or near sea coasts, etc. The use of a narrow, flat insulator with a creepage distance of more than 300 mm for a rated insulation voltage U is particularly advantageous. Nmof 0.9 kV or 334 mm / kV, as this additionally reduces the dimensions of the holding device and thus further reduces the necessary installation space for the overhead line. Particularly good results are also achieved for nominal voltages up to 1.5 kV DC with a creepage distance of approx. 700 mm + / - 5%, where the creep resistance of the insulator is simultaneously very high and the dimensions of the holding device do not increase significantly to the detriment of the available installation space. According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one profile is designed to be completely electrically insulating. Particularly preferably, the at least one profile has at least one grindable contact surface. By using the electrically insulating and grindable profile(s), in particular the guidance of the current collector orThe pantographs of the vehicles in question are simplified around or under the holding devices and can be implemented in a correspondingly compact and traffic-safe manner, thereby further reducing the necessary installation space for the overhead line or contact line. The profiles are preferably made of wear-resistant plastics, for example GRP-based composites, and are therefore easy to manufacture and readily available. In particular, they are manufactured without a metallic core. This also ensures sufficient dielectric strength of the insulating and grindable profiles. When pantographs are used with monitoring of the associated contact strips using inductive sensors, particularly in non-rail-bound vehicles, this prevents erroneous activation, thus avoiding incorrect information and, as a result, interruptions to operations, for example.Of course, all other materials suitable for the requirements, in particular non-conductive materials, are also possible for producing the profiles. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one grindable contact surface has a width of at least 5 mm. The minimum width of the at least one grindable contact surface of a profile advantageously prevents a current collector from tipping over, as this allows sufficient downward pressure to be exerted on the contact strip of the current collector in question. A width of the at least one contact surface of approximately nine to ten mm is particularly advantageous. A profile of the fastening arrangement according to the invention particularly preferably has two separate contact surfaces that are spaced apart from one another and run parallel to one another along the relevant profile and thus particularly effectively prevent the current collector from tipping over.This allows the use of particularly narrow, grindable profiles. Particularly preferably, the at least one grindable contact surface has a low coefficient of friction. This correspondingly improves the sliding ability of the contact strips of the current collectors on the contact surfaces of the profiles. This is particularly advantageous for friction coefficients of less than 0.2. In addition to the advantageous geometric shape of the profiles described above, particularly with small contact surfaces, the described material properties, in particular the increased sliding ability, mean that the risk of damage to the contact strips, for example carbon contact strips, of the relevant current collectors or pantographs when driving over or grinding the profiles can be almost completely neglected.According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the distance between each two nearest components of the fastening arrangement is smaller than the length of a pantograph of the at least one vehicle transversely to the route, wherein the two nearest components are two profiles or a profile and a contact line on a holding device. The distance between a profile and a contact line on a holding device is determined from the distance between the respective profile and the nearest grindable contact wire of a contact line at the first end of the respective holding device. The said distance is particularly relevant for a middle profile of the fastening arrangement, since the middle profile approximately marks the lane center below it, on which a vehicle usually travels.With regard to the middle profile of the fastening arrangement 1, one or more contact lines of the overhead line system usually run, for example, to the right and / or left of it and are held by the respective associated holding devices. In particular with overhead line systems on or for rail-bound vehicles, no further profile may be necessary besides the profile referred to as the middle profile. The length of a pantograph or a pantograph of a vehicle transversely to the track depends on the type of pantograph, in particular the pantograph head, so that depending on this, the distance between the two nearest fastening parts of the fastening arrangement must always be dimensioned such that, in the most unfavorable position of the contact strip of a pantograph, threading and subsequent damage to the overhead line system and / or the vehicle pantographs is avoided.In this way, it is prevented that a pantograph or a pantograph contact strip can get caught on a holding device between two nearest components, either two profiles or a profile and a contact line, when driving over the fastening arrangement, and thus threading and subsequent damage to the overhead line system and / or the vehicle pantograph are avoided. Since the minimum length of the contact strip of a conventional pantograph is approximately 800 mm, a distance of approximately 750 mm is particularly advantageous, particularly for material and cost reasons, since this ensures that a pantograph is always held at the appropriate or necessary distance from the corresponding structure, e.g., a bridge, etc., by at least one profile. According to a further preferred development of the invention, at least one profile is designed from at least two separate partial profiles.Particularly preferably, at least one partial profile at the transition point between the at least two partial profiles has a material gap with an edge sloping downwards in the direction of the travel route, wherein the course of the sloping edge extends to the end of the material gap. By means of this advantageous geometric design of the profile transitions or arrangement of the profiles, longitudinal expansions of the grindable profiles can be easily compensated for and, at the same time, the threading of a pantograph at the transition points when driving over or grinding the profiles can be prevented. The downward sloping edge preferably runs essentially uniformly, i.e., has an essentially constant gradient. In this way, a profile designed in this way can be ground and thus driven over in both directions, particularly for rail-bound vehicles.A further aspect of the present invention relates to a catenary system of a vehicle's travel route, comprising at least one catenary (2, 3) for supplying power to the at least one vehicle, at least one structure (5) with at least one enclosed area (6) through which the catenary (2, 3) and the travel route pass, and at least one fastening arrangement (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13. The previously described embodiments of the invention and in particular their advantages are transferable mutatis mutandis to the said catenary system and therefore also apply to the said catenary system. Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Therein: Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an inventive fastening arrangement of an overhead line system, Fig.1 and 2, Fig. 4 is a perspective side view of the fastening arrangement according to the invention from Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 is a detailed view of the transition (expansion joint) of two partial profiles of a profile of the fastening arrangement according to the invention from Fig. 4. In Figs. 1 to 5, identical parts are designated by the same reference numerals. The embodiments may differ. For reasons of clarity, a track located below the illustrated fastening arrangement 1 of an overhead line system has not been shown, and only part of the pantograph or pantograph of a vehicle located on this track has been shown in Figs. 2 and 3.Pantographs 25 of the associated vehicle are shown. The structure 5 sketched in the figures, for example, is a bridge structure. The width of the bridge 5 refers to the extent of the bridge 5 in the direction of travel, and the length refers to the extent of the bridge 5 transverse to the direction of travel. The overhead lines 2 and 3, by means of the fastening arrangement 1, as well as the track located underneath, are guided under the bridge 5 through the area 6 enclosed by the bridge 5. Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a fastening arrangement 1 according to the invention for an overhead line or contact line system, here for supplying energy to non-rail-bound vehicles, for example electric trucks or electric buses, etc. The viewing direction is from bottom to diagonally upwards, i.e., towards the underside of a bridge 5.The fastening arrangement 1 shown is located partially in the enclosed space 6 of the structure 5, here beneath the bridge 5, which for reasons of clarity is only shown in outline, and is fastened to the underside of the bridge 5. The fastening arrangement 1 according to the invention is arranged essentially horizontally above a route, for example a road, in particular a motorway, and has a plurality of profiles 10 which run essentially parallel to the direction of travel and parallel to one another, of which the middle profile is designated 10a, and which extend in the direction of travel across the entire width of the bridge 5. On the right-hand side of Figure 1, i.e. on the side of the bridge towards which vehicles are driving, the profiles 10, 10a merge into a guide arrangement 35 which, starting from the bridge 5, is inclined upwards at an acute angle against the direction of travel of the vehicles in order to guide theto guide the current collectors 25 of vehicles approaching the bridge 5 seamlessly to the corresponding profiles 10, 10a of the fastening arrangement 1. The guide arrangement 35 projects beyond the enclosed space 6 of the bridge 5 on this side. The fastening device 1 has for this purpose a transverse device 36, for example a crossbar, to which the guide arrangement 35 is attached, or from which the guide arrangement 35 extends outwards, away from the bridge 5 and ends in a transverse end 37, for example also a crossbar. On the opposite side of the bridge 5, as the end of the fastening arrangement 1, there is a further transverse device 38 which, like the transverse device 36, is also arranged transversely to the direction of travel. The fastening device 1 has a plurality of holding devices 15, which here each hold orThese pass under the bridge 5. For technical reasons, the contact wires of the overhead lines 2, 3 leading to the bridge 5 are alternated with the contact wires of the overhead lines 2, 3 leading away from the bridge 5, so that the holding devices 15 in the area under the bridge 5 each accommodate two contact wires of a overhead line 2, 3. According to the invention, the profiles 10, 10a are each electrically insulating and designed to be grinded by the current collectors 25 of the vehicles. In the embodiment shown, the profiles 10, 10a each consist of several separate partial profiles 12, 13 arranged one behind the other, which are not all labeled separately for reasons of clarity. However, the profiles 10, 10a can also be designed as a single piece without any problem.The fastening arrangement 1 shown in Figure 1 has, as already described above, a plurality of profiles 10 including a central profile 10a, the number of which is fundamentally variable and depends essentially on the shape or dimensions of a corresponding structure, in this case on the length of the bridge 5 or the width of the roadway passing through the structure, in this case the bridge 5. With regard to the central profile 10a of the fastening arrangement 1, one of the two contact lines 2, 3 runs to the right and the other to the left of it. The respective associated plurality of holding devices 15 are arranged at a distance from one another in the direction of travel in order to hold the contact lines 2 and 3. The central profile 10a approximately marks the center of the lane below it, on which a vehicle usually travels. The profiles 10 arranged further out or at the very outside to the right and left of the central profile 10a are particularly suitable for orfor non-rail-bound vehicles on roads, for example motorways, in order to ensure at all times, particularly during rapid changes of direction, for example swerving during sudden evasive maneuvers, overtaking maneuvers or corresponding lane changes, that the current collectors 25 of the vehicles are kept at a suitable distance from the respective structure 5, for example a bridge, by at least one profile 10 and cannot collide with the respective structure 5. Fig. 2 shows a further perspective view of the fastening arrangement 1 according to the invention from Figure 1, looking in the direction of travel (into the plane of the drawing), i.e. in the direction towards the bridge 5. According to the embodiment from Figure 1, the fastening arrangement 1 is arranged largely below the bridge 5 in the enclosed space 6 and fastened to the underside 202221364 14 of the bridge 5.From this perspective, the guide arrangement 35 is tilted upwards at an acute angle, and the upper, transverse end 37 of the guide arrangement 35 is visible from the outside, as well as the underlying transverse device 36 to which the guide arrangement 35 is attached. Fig. 2 also shows several profiles 10 running parallel to one another, including the middle profile 10a, each with grindable contact surfaces 11 of the fastening arrangement 1, as well as, in this view, two holding devices 15, one of which is arranged to the right and one to the left of the middle profile 10a of the fastening arrangement 1 and which each guide one of the two contact lines 2 and 3, each consisting of two contact wires.Furthermore, two pantograph heads 25 are sketched, each of which, with its contact strip 27, loops over the respective overhead line 2, 3 and thus supplies the corresponding vehicle with electrical energy. The exemplary, circularly outlined detail A shown here is shown in an enlarged form in Figure 3 and described accordingly in the associated figure description. Figure 2 also shows the distance 30 between two profiles 10 and the distance 31 between the middle profile 10a and the closer contact wire of the overhead line 2 on a holding device 15. This also applies analogously and in mirror image to the distance between the middle profile 10a and the overhead line 3 on a holding device 15 on the opposite side, not shown here for reasons of clarity.Both distances 30 and 31 are each smaller than the minimum length of the contact strip 27 of a pantograph 25 of a vehicle transversely to the route. This prevents a pantograph 25 from getting caught between two nearest components of the fastening arrangement 1, i.e., either between two profiles 10 or a profile 10, 10a and a holding device 15, when traveling over the fastening arrangement 1. Consequently, a pantograph 25 is always held at a suitable or necessary distance from the bridge 5 by at least one profile 10, 10a, thus preventing it from becoming entangled and subsequently damaging the overhead line system and / or the pantographs 25 of the vehicles in question.Due to the space required by the contact lines 2 and 3, which are guided by means of the respectively assigned holding devices 15 between the middle profile 10a and the nearest profile 10 to the left and right of it, or run between them, the differences in the distances 30 and 31 arise, as can be seen from Figure 2 and as described above. Consequently, the distance between these just described profile pairs 10 and 10a, which is composed of the distances 31 and 32 (see Figure 3), is greater than the distance 30 between all other adjacent profile pairs 10 between which no contact wire 2, 3 runs.Nevertheless, the distance 31 (and also the distance 32) between the middle profile 10a and the adjacent contact wire of the respective overhead line 2, 3 on the holding device 15 is also smaller than the minimum length of the contact strip 27 of a current collector 25 of a vehicle transversely to the route. As also shown in Figure 2, the distances 30 between any two adjacent profiles 10, between which no overhead line 2, 3 runs, are preferably the same. Depending on local requirements, the distances 30 can also be different without any problem, as long as they do not exceed the minimum length of the contact strip 27 of a current collector 25 of a vehicle transversely to the route. The distances 30 and 31 are generally different – ​​in this case, distance 31 is smaller than distance 30 – but can also be the same, depending on requirements. The minimum length of the contact strip of a standard pantograph is approximately 800mm.In the embodiment according to Figure 2, the distance 30 is therefore approximately 750mm, as this is particularly advantageous for material-technical and cost reasons for the production of the fastening arrangement 1. 202221364 16 Figure 3 shows a detailed view A of a holding device 15 and two profiles 10, 10a of the fastening arrangement 1 according to the invention from Figures 1 and 2. The central profile 10a, the adjacent profile 10 to the right of it as seen in the direction of travel (into the plane of the drawing), and the holding device 15, which holds or guides the contact line 2 running between the two profiles 10, at this point consisting of two contact wires running parallel to one another, are shown in the background. Part of the crossbar 36 of the guide arrangement 35 is visible. The profiles 10, 10a are each completely electrically insulating and designed to be ground by current collectors 25 of vehicles.The profiles 10, 10a shown each have two separate, grindable contact surfaces 11, which run spaced apart from one another and parallel to one another along the respective profile 10, 10a (into the plane of the drawing). One of the two contact surfaces 11 is located at the lower end of one of two outer walls of a profile 10, 10a, which extend vertically downwards. For material and cost reasons, the profiles 10, 10a are open at the bottom and are not filled in the space 24 between the aforementioned outer walls, as shown in Figure 3. The profiles 10, 10a are preferably made of plastics, in this case of a GRP-based composite material, and are in particular manufactured without a metallic core and thus have sufficient dielectric strength.In particular, due to the lack of a metallic core in the profiles 10, 10a, the inductive sensors commonly used to monitor the contact strips 27 of the current collectors or pantographs 25 do not trigger when the profiles 10, 10a are ground or driven over, thus avoiding incorrect information and, as a result, interruptions in operation, for example. Of course, all other materials suitable for the above-mentioned requirements, in particular non-conductive materials, can also be used to manufacture the profiles 10, 10a. 202221364 17 The two grindable contact surfaces 11 of the profiles 10, 10a each have a width of at least 5mm, resulting in a contact surface with a width of approximately10mm per profile 10, 10a, which particularly effectively and advantageously prevents tilting of the pantograph 25, as this allows sufficient downward pressure to be exerted on the contact strip 27 of the respective pantograph or pantograph 25. In addition, the contact surfaces have a low coefficient of friction of less than 0.2, which correspondingly improves the sliding properties of the contact strips 27 of the pantograph 25 on the contact surfaces 11 of the profiles 10, 10a. Together with the above-described small width of the contact surfaces 11, which allows the use of particularly narrow, grindable profiles 10, 10a, the described material properties, in particular the increase in sliding properties, mean that the risk of damage to the carbon contact strips 27 of the relevant current collectors or pantographs 25 when driving over or grinding the profiles 10, 10a can be almost completely neglected.The holding device 15 is essentially rod-shaped and is connected by a first end 16 to the two contact wires of the overhead line 2. The second end 17 is articulated to the underside of the bridge 5 to the right of the immediately adjacent profile 10 by means of a joint 18. The holding device 15 is guided through a corresponding gap in the immediately adjacent profile 10 in the direction of the central profile 10a of the fastening arrangement 1. The holding device 15 is thus arranged essentially to the side of the overhead line 2, transversely or horizontally, i.e. essentially almost parallel to the underside of the bridge 5, whereby the necessary installation space for the overhead or overhead lines 2, 3 can be reduced accordingly.202221364 18 In order to enable the holding device 15 to be pushed through a profile 10, the corresponding profile 10, in particular if it is made in one piece, must have a correspondingly wide and / or designed gap for pushing through. At the same time, the profile 10 must remain continuously grindable in order to prevent a current collector or pantograph 25 from threading in. In the embodiment shown here, in which the profiles 10, 10a consist of several partial profiles 12, 13, a corresponding gap for a holding device 15 can be formed in a simple manner by appropriately positioning two consecutive partial profiles 12 and 13. In order to still keep the corresponding profile 10 grindable, aTo bridge the gap, a bridging element 22 is then arranged in the gap between the two partial profiles 12 and 13, wherein the bridging element 22 is selected to be long enough that its respective ends can be partially inserted into the respective intermediate spaces 24 of the partial profiles 12 and 13 and connected, for example, by screwing, to the partial profiles 12 and 13. In the view according to Figure 3, only one end of the bridging element 22 is visible. Of course, all possible other sensible solutions for bridging a holding device 15 are also included here. In the corresponding arrangements of the profile(s) 10 for the recess orFor pushing through a holding device 15 of a contact line 2, 3, the gaps can be designed in such a way that the occurrence of length changes, in particular length expansions, of the contact lines 2, 3, for example due to weather conditions, traffic, etc., can be easily compensated. By means of the joint 18, the holding device 15 can be deflected downwards and in particular from a normal position to an adjustable end position upwards, so that deflections of the contact line 2, for example due to or during traffic with vehicles, can be compensated accordingly. By appropriately adjusting the maximum deflection, i.e. the respectively desired or necessary end setting, the end stop of the holding device 15 upwards, towards the bridge 5, is limited in such a way that an electrical minimum distance to the bridge 5 is guaranteed and thus not undercut.This can be individually adjusted for each structure, ensuring the required minimum electrical clearance to the respective structure in all cases, depending on local conditions. For example, the short-term minimum electrical clearance in air is 50 mm for ≤ 3 kV DC, and must not be undercut for safety reasons, e.g., due to electrical arcing, etc. Furthermore, the holding device 15 can be deflected not only vertically but also horizontally, particularly in the direction of travel, so that changes in the length of the overhead lines 2, 3, for example, due to weather influences, etc., can be flexibly compensated.The holding device 15 also has a narrow and flat insulator 19 with a long creepage distance between the first end 16 and the second end 17, by means of which the creep resistance is permanently increased and thus the gradual destruction of the insulators 19 used by creepage currents is prevented, or at least significantly slowed. The insulator 19 shown here has a creepage distance of approximately 700 mm + / - 5% and is particularly advantageous because the creep resistance of the insulator 19 is simultaneously very high and the dimensions of the holding device 15 are not significantly increased to the detriment of the available installation space. In this way, the holding device 15 is particularly effectively protected against damage caused by the occurrence of salt spray, especially on roads with salt spread in winter. In Fig.3 also shows a pantograph head 25 of a pantograph of a vehicle, the contact strip 27 of which, for example a carbon contact strip, simultaneously contacts the contact surfaces 11 of the middle profile 10a and the overhead line 202221364 202. Two distances 31 and 32 are crucial for this. Distance 31 denotes the distance between the middle profile 10a and the nearest contact wire of the overhead line 2 at the first end 16 of the holding device 15. Distance 32 denotes the distance between the contact wire at the first end 16 of the holding device 15 and the nearest profile 10. Both distances 31 and 32 are each smaller than the minimum length of the contact strip of a pantograph 25 of a vehicle transversely to the route, so that in particular it is prevented that a pantograph orPantograph 25 can get caught between a profile 10, 10a and a holding device 15 when driving over the fastening arrangement 1 and consequently threading is not possible. Fig. 4 shows a perspective side view of the fastening arrangement 1 according to the invention from Figure 1. In this view, only one profile 10 of the fastening arrangement 1, consisting of several partial profiles 12, 13, is visible. The profile 10 extends under the sketched bridge 5 over the entire length of the bridge 5 through the area 6 enclosed by the bridge 5 and merges at the transverse device 36 into the guide arrangement 35, which in turn, starting from the bridge 5, is inclined upwards at an acute angle against the direction of travel of the vehicles and projects beyond the enclosed space 6 of the bridge 5. The contact line 2 runs below the profile 10, whereby the associated holding devices 15 have not been shown for reasons of clarity.A pantograph 25 of a vehicle, only sketched, is located at a point shortly after passing a transition (dilation joint) from one partial profile 12 to the following partial profile 13. This transition point, shown here as a circularly outlined detail B, is shown in an enlarged view in Figure 5 and described accordingly in the associated figure description below. Fig. 5 shows a detailed view B of the transition between two separate partial profiles 12 and 13 of a profile 10 of the 202221364 21 fastening arrangement 1 according to the invention from Figure 4. The transition is also referred to as a dilation joint. Each of the two partial profiles 12 and 13 has a grindable contact surface 11 at the lower end. A current collector 25, which travels or grinds over the contact surfaces 11, moves in the direction of travel from the partial profile 12 towards the partial profile 13.To prevent a pantograph 25 from becoming entangled at this transition point when driving over or grinding the profiles 10 or partial profiles 12, 13, the partial profile 13 following in the direction of travel has a material gap 20 at the transition point with an edge 14 that slopes downwards in the direction of travel, viewed in the direction of travel, and which runs uniformly, i.e., with a constant downward gradient. The course of the uniformly sloping edge 14 extends until it reaches the contact surface 11 of the partial profile 13, which simultaneously represents the end of the material gap 20, so that the length of the material gap 20 in the direction of travel depends on or is determined by the gradient of the sloping edge 14. When driving over or passing such a transition point in the direction of travel, a pantograph 25 will first leave the contact surface 11 of the partial profile 12 and move upwards to the sloping edge 14 of the following partial profile 13.The current collector 25 will then move further in the direction of travel along the sloping edge 14, first to the contact surface 11 and then correspondingly along the contact surface 11 of the partial profile 13. By means of a corresponding additional recess 21 in the partial profile 12 immediately before a profile transition or transition point to the partial profile 13, the occurrence of length changes, in particular length expansions, of the grindable profiles 10 or partial profiles 12, 13, for example due to weather conditions, traffic, etc., can be easily compensated for. Of course, the solution according to the invention is not limited to the embodiments according to Figures 1 to 5, but implicitly also includes all other possible deviations from the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 5.Regardless of the grammatical gender of a particular term, persons with male, female or other gender identities are included.

Claims

202221364 23 claims 1. Fastening arrangement (1) for at least one overhead line (2, 3) for supplying energy to at least one vehicle on a route, wherein the fastening arrangement (1) is provided for fastening to a structure (5) with at least one enclosed area (6) through which the at least one overhead line (2, 3) and the route pass, wherein the fastening arrangement (1) is arranged at least partially within the enclosed area (6) and substantially horizontally above the route, characterized in that the fastening arrangement (1) has at least one profile (10, 10a) running substantially parallel to the direction of travel and at least one holding device (15), wherein the at least one holding device (15) is connected to the at least one overhead line (2, 3) and wherein the at least one profile (10,10a) is designed to be at least partially electrically insulating and capable of being ground by a current collector (25) of the at least one vehicle.

2. Fastening arrangement (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding device (15) is substantially rod-shaped, with a first end (16) being connected to the at least one contact line (2, 3) and the second end (17) being at least indirectly connected to the structure (5), the holding device (15) being arranged substantially laterally of the contact wire (2, 3).

3. Fastening arrangement (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the holding device (15) has a joint (18) at the second end (17), by means of which the holding device (15) is pivotally connected to the structure (5). 202221364 24 4. Fastening arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device (15) can be deflected at least partially upwards.

5. Fastening arrangement (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the first end (16) of the holding device (15) can be deflected upwards from a normal position to an adjustable end position.

6. Fastening arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device (15) has an insulator (19) with a long creepage path between the first (16) and the second end (17).

7. Fastening arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one profile (10, 10a) is designed to be completely electrically insulating. 8.Fastening arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one profile (10, 10a) has at least one grindable contact surface (11).

9. Fastening arrangement (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one grindable contact surface (11) has a width of at least 5 mm.

10. Fastening arrangement (1) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that. 202221364 25 the at least one grindable contact surface (11) has a low coefficient of friction.

11. Fastening arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance (30) between each two nearest components of the fastening arrangement (1) is smaller than the length of a current collector (25) of the at least one vehicle transversely to the route, wherein the two nearest components are two profiles (10) or a profile (10, 10a) and a contact line (2, 3) on a holding device (15).

12. Fastening arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one profile (10, 10a) is made of at least two separate partial profiles (12, 13). 13.Fastening arrangement (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that at least one partial profile (12, 13) has a material gap (20) with an edge (14) sloping downwards in the direction of the route at the transition point of the at least two partial profiles (12, 13), wherein the course of the sloping edge (14) extends to the end of the material gap (20).

14. A catenary system for a route of a vehicle, comprising at least one catenary (2, 3) for supplying power to the at least one vehicle, at least one structure (5) with at least one enclosed area (6) through which the catenary (2, 3) and the route extend, and at least one fastening arrangement (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13.

Images