Method for harvesting grain (variants)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agriculture. More particularly, the invention relates to methods for harvesting spiked and panicled grain crops, as well as some varieties of grass seeds, using transfer hoppers and a stripping header, with subsequent packing of the harvested material. The present method for carrying out farming operations consists in: first installing on a first tractor a trailed or mounted stripping header with a threshing and separating device, and also hitching a first transfer hopper to said first tractor; installing a conveyor between the threshing and separating device and the first transfer hopper; reaping the harvest with the aid of the header and conveying the harvest through the threshing and separating device into the first transfer hopper; then, with the aid of the first transport hopper, periodically transferring the harvest to a second transfer hopper, which is either self-propelled or is hitched to a second tractor; subsequently transferring the harvest with the aid of the second transfer hopper into devices for cleaning and packing the harvest; and cleaning and packing the harvest. The proposed invention makes it possible to harvest without using a combine harvester, to save time on farming operations and to reduce the amount of equipment required to carry out farming operations.

Description

[0001] METHOD OF HARVESTING GRAIN (OPTIONS)

[0002] AREA OF TECHNOLOGY

[0003] The invention relates to the field of agriculture. More specifically, the invention relates to methods of harvesting cereal crops and paniculate crops, as well as some types of grass seed plants, then the harvest, using bunker-transfers and a stripper-type header with subsequent packaging of the harvested crop.

[0004] PRIOR ART

[0005] Currently, a method of harvesting crops using grain harvesters equipped with reapers is known. This method is effective, but has a drawback. Combines are expensive specific agricultural machinery used exclusively during harvesting, unlike tractors, which are a universal power source and are used in various agricultural operations at different times of the year. In this regard, the cost of harvesting increases significantly.

[0006] The task set by the developer of the grain harvesting method is to develop a method that would allow harvesting without using a combine.

[0007] The technical result of the claimed method of harvesting grain is harvesting without using a combine, saving time for carrying out agricultural work, and reducing the amount of equipment required for carrying out agricultural work.

[0008] SUBSTITUTE SHEET DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The essence of the method for harvesting grain, according to the first embodiment, is that: a trailed or mounted stripping header with a threshing and separating device is installed on the first tractor, the first bunker-transfer is also attached to the first tractor, and a conveyor is installed between the above-mentioned threshing and separating device and the first bunker-transfer, then using the above-mentioned header, the crop is collected with subsequent transportation through the threshing and separating device into the first bunker-transfer, then using the first bunker-transfer, the crop is periodically transferred into the second bunker-transfer, which is self-propelled or attached to the second tractor, after which, using the second bunker-transfer, the crop is transferred into devices for cleaning and packing grain, and cleaning and packing the crop is performed.

[0010] The essence of the method for harvesting grain according to the second embodiment consists in the following: a trailed or mounted stripping header with a threshing and separating device is installed on a self-propelled bunker-transferrer, and a conveyor is installed between the above-mentioned threshing and separating device and the self-propelled bunker-transferrer, then with the help of the above-mentioned header the crop is collected with subsequent transportation through the threshing and separating device into the self-propelled bunker-transferrer, then with the help of the self-propelled bunker-transferrer the crop is periodically transferred into a second bunker-transferrer, which is self-propelled, or

[0011] The REPLACEMENT SHEET is attached to the second tractor, after which, using the second bunker-transfer unit, the crop is loaded into the grain cleaning and packaging devices, and the crop is cleaned and packaged.

[0012] The essence of the method for harvesting grain according to the third embodiment consists in the following: a trailed or mounted stripper header is installed on the first tractor, the first bunker-transfer is also attached to the first tractor, and a conveyor is installed between the above-mentioned stripper header and the first bunker-transfer, then, using the above-mentioned header, the crop is collected with its subsequent transportation to the first bunker-transfer, then, using the first bunker-transfer, the crop is periodically transferred to the second bunker-transfer, which is self-propelled or attached to the second tractor, after which, using the second bunker-transfer, the crop is transferred to devices for threshing, cleaning and packing grain, and threshing, cleaning and packing of the crop is performed.

[0013] The essence of the method for harvesting grain according to the fourth embodiment consists in the following: a trailed or mounted stripping header is installed on a self-propelled bunker-transferrer, and a conveyor is installed between the above-mentioned stripping header and the self-propelled bunker-transferrer, then with the help of the above-mentioned header, the harvest is collected with subsequent transportation of the harvest to the self-propelled bunker-transferrer, then with the help of the self-propelled bunker-transferrer, the harvest is periodically transferred to a second bunker-transferrer, which is self-propelled, or is attached to a second tractor,

[0014] REPLACEMENT SHEET after which, using the second bunker-transfer unit, the harvest is loaded into devices for threshing, cleaning and packing the grain, and threshing, cleaning and packing of the harvest is carried out.

[0015] The essence of the method for harvesting grain according to the fifth embodiment consists in the following: a trailed or mounted stripper header is installed on the first tractor, the first bunker-transfer is also attached to the first tractor, and a conveyor is installed between the above-mentioned stripper header and the first bunker-transfer, then, using the above-mentioned header, the harvest is collected with subsequent transportation of the harvest to the first bunker-transfer, then, using the first bunker-transfer, the harvest is periodically transferred to the second bunker-transfer, which is self-propelled or attached to the second tractor, after which, using the second bunker-transfer, the harvest is transferred to a device for packing grain, and the harvest is packed.

[0016] The essence of the method for harvesting grain according to the sixth embodiment consists in the following: a trailed or mounted stripper header is installed on a self-propelled bunker-transferrer, and a conveyor is installed between the above-mentioned stripper header and the self-propelled bunker-transferrer, then with the help of the above-mentioned header the harvest is collected with subsequent transportation of the harvest to the self-propelled bunker-transferrer, then with the help of the self-propelled bunker-transferrer the harvest is periodically transferred to a second bunker-transferrer, which is self-propelled, or is attached to a second tractor,

[0017] REPLACEMENT SHEET after which, using the second hopper-loader, the grain is loaded into the grain packaging device, and the harvest is packaged.

[0018] The method according to any of the embodiments may include using a device for preservation and preserving the crop before packaging.

[0019] EXAMPLE OF A SPECIFIC APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] The claimed method of harvesting grain according to the first embodiment is as follows.

[0021] To implement the method, a trailed or mounted stripper header with a threshing and separating device is first installed on the first tractor. Stripper headers, as well as threshing and separating devices, are widely known from the state of the art. For example, stripper headers and threshing and separating devices are part of grain harvesters. The header can be located on any side of the tractor, namely, in front, behind or on the side.

[0022] Also, the first bunker-transfer is attached to the first tractor, and a conveyor is installed between the above-mentioned threshing and separating device and the first bunker-transfer. Bunker-transfers are also widely known from the prior art, for example, bunker-transfers of the Liliani company https: / / liliani.ru / catalog / bunkery-peregruzchiki. An example of a conveyor can be, for example, a flexible or rigid auger, a scraper or pneumatic conveyor and other devices capable of moving grain from the threshing and separating device to the bunker-transfer. Conveyors can also be called devices for moving grain.

[0023] Then, using the above-mentioned reaper, the harvest is collected with further transportation through the threshing and separating unit.

[0024] SUBSTITUTE SHEET device into the first bunker-transfer. Then, using the first bunker-transfer, the harvest is periodically transferred into the second bunker-transfer, which is self-propelled or attached to the second tractor, after which, using the second bunker-transfer, the harvest is transferred into the grain cleaning and packaging devices, and the harvest is cleaned and packaged. The harvest can be packaged, for example, in a plastic sleeve, big bags, etc.

[0025] Cleaning the harvest means separating the grain from straw, chaff and other impurities, and packing the cleaned grain into a plastic sleeve.

[0026] Due to the described scheme, the first tractor, equipped with the first bunker-transfer unit, stripper header and threshing and separating device, performs the role of a grain harvester, which collects and threshes grain. The second bunker-transfer unit, which is self-propelled or attached to the second tractor, due to the constant grain reloading, ensures a continuous process of harvesting by the above-mentioned devices, which are connected to the first tractor. The process of cleaning the grain from impurities and its packaging occurs during harvesting. The cleaning and packaging devices can be separate devices, or can be combined into one device.

[0027] Thus, the described method includes the operations of collecting, threshing, reloading, cleaning and packaging the crop in the field.

[0028] The method of harvesting grain according to the second embodiment is as follows.

[0029] First, a trailed or mounted stripping header with a threshing and separating unit is installed on the self-propelled bunker-transfer unit.

[0030] SUBSTITUTE SHEET device, and install a conveyor between the above-mentioned threshing and separating device and the self-propelled bunker-transfer. Then, using the above-mentioned header, harvest is collected with subsequent transportation through the threshing and separating device to the self-propelled bunker-transfer. Then, using the self-propelled bunker-transfer, the crop is periodically transferred to the second bunker-transfer, which is self-propelled or attached to the second tractor. After which, using the second bunker-transfer, the crop is transferred to the grain cleaning and packaging devices, and the crop is cleaned and packaged.

[0031] The second method differs from the first by using a self-propelled bunker-transfer. Such a bunker-transfer, unlike its analogues, has its own engine and can be equipped with a driver's cabin or an autopilot. When using a self-propelled bunker-transfer, there is no need to use a tractor, which is necessary for the operation of trailer bunker-transfers.

[0032] The method of harvesting grain according to the third embodiment is as follows.

[0033] First, a trailed or mounted stripper header is installed on the first tractor, and the first bunker-transfer is attached to the first tractor, and a conveyor is installed between the above-mentioned stripper header and the first bunker-transfer. Then, using the above-mentioned header, the crop is collected and then transported to the first bunker-transfer. Then, using the first bunker-transfer, the crop is periodically transferred to the second bunker-transfer, which is self-propelled or attached to the second tractor. After which, when

[0034] REPLACEMENT SHEET with the help of the second bunker-transferrer, the harvest is transferred to the devices for threshing, cleaning and packing of grain, and threshing, cleaning and packing of the harvest is carried out.

[0035] This method differs from the first variant of the method in that the grain threshing operation occurs after the crop is reloaded by the second bunker-reloader. Therefore, the first tractor is not equipped with a threshing and separating device.

[0036] The method of harvesting grain according to the fourth embodiment is as follows.

[0037] First, a trailed or mounted stripper header is installed on a self-propelled bunker-transferrer, and a conveyor is installed between the above-mentioned stripper header and the self-propelled bunker-transferrer. Then, using the above-mentioned header, the harvest is collected with subsequent transportation of the harvest to the self-propelled bunker-transferrer. Then, using the self-propelled bunker-transferrer, the harvest is periodically transferred to a second bunker-transferrer, which is self-propelled or attached to a second tractor. After which, using the second bunker-transferrer, the harvest is transferred to devices for threshing, cleaning and packing grain, and threshing, cleaning and packing of the harvest is carried out.

[0038] This method differs from the first version by the use of a self-propelled bunker-transferrer, and also by the fact that the grain threshing operation occurs after the crop is transferred to the second bunker-transferrer.

[0039] The method of harvesting grain according to the fifth embodiment is as follows.

[0040] SUBSTITUTE SHEET First, a trailed or mounted stripper header is installed on the first tractor, and the first bunker-transfer is also attached to the first tractor, and a conveyor is installed between the above-mentioned stripper header and the first bunker-transfer. Then, using the above-mentioned header, the harvest is collected with subsequent transportation of the crop to the first bunker-transfer. Then, using the first bunker-transfer, the crop is periodically transferred to the second bunker-transfer, which is self-propelled or attached to the second tractor. After which, using the second bunker-transfer, the crop is transferred to the grain packaging device, and the crop is packaged. This method differs from the first embodiment of the invention in that the operations of threshing and cleaning the grain are absent.

[0041] The method of harvesting grain according to the sixth embodiment is as follows.

[0042] First, a trailed or mounted stripper header is installed on a self-propelled bunker-transferrer, and a conveyor is installed between the above-mentioned stripper header and the self-propelled bunker-transferrer. Then, using the above-mentioned header, the harvest is collected with subsequent transportation of the harvest to the self-propelled bunker-transferrer. Then, using the self-propelled bunker-transferrer, the harvest is periodically transferred to a second bunker-transferrer, which is self-propelled or attached to a second tractor. After which, using the second bunker-transferrer, the harvest is transferred to a grain packaging device, and the harvest is packaged.

[0043] SUBSTITUTE SHEET This method differs from the first embodiment of the invention in that the operations of threshing and cleaning grain are absent, and a self-propelled hopper-loader is also used.

[0044] In embodiments of the invention in which cleaning is used, the heap that remains after cleaning can either be reloaded into another bin-transfer device, which scatters the heap across the field, or compacted into bales or briquettes.

[0045] A combine harvester located at the edge of the field can be used separately for finishing the grain. Each of the described methods can additionally include an operation to preserve the crop. For this, a preservation device is used. Such devices are widely known from the prior art. For example, https: / / xn- — 8sbjbaguylabagbsh.xn— lai / vnesenie- udobrenii / protraylivateli-semyan / oborudovanie-dlya-vneseniya-konservantov-ovk-s-mehanicheskim-uprayleniem / .

[0046] INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

[0047] Due to the fact that a bunker-transfer unit with a stripper-type header and a stationary device for cleaning grain from impurities are used, the harvest is carried out without using a combine. In the embodiment of the invention, in which a combine is used as a final threshing device, the productivity of the combine as a final threshing device increases, since the combine receives the harvested crop from the bunker-transfer units in large volumes due to the low amount of non-grain part of the crop per unit of harvested crop. When working in the field when mowing stems, the combine is not able to load such a volume of crop for final threshing per unit of time.

[0048] SUBSTITUTE SHEET Time savings for agricultural work are achieved by performing multiple operations simultaneously and without taking the crop to a warehouse, as well as due to the low amount of non-grain part of the crop per unit of harvested crop. Reduction in the number of equipment required for agricultural work is achieved due to the fact that there is no need to purchase a whole grain harvester.

[0049] SUBSTITUTE SHEET

Claims

CLAUSE OF THE INVENTION 1. A method for harvesting grain, in which a trailed or mounted stripper header with a threshing and separating device is first installed on a first tractor, a first bunker-transfer unit is also attached to the first tractor, and a conveyor is installed between the above-mentioned threshing and separating device and the first bunker-transfer unit, then using the above-mentioned header, the grain harvest is collected with subsequent transportation through the threshing and separating device into the first bunker-transfer unit, then using the first bunker-transfer unit, the grain harvest is periodically transferred into a second bunker-transfer unit, which is self-propelled or attached to the second tractor, after which, using the second bunker-transfer unit, the grain harvest is transferred into devices for cleaning and packing the grain, and the grain harvest is cleaned and packed.

2. A method for harvesting grain, in which a trailed or mounted stripper header with a threshing and separating device is first installed on a self-propelled hopper-loader, and a conveyor is installed between the aforementioned threshing and separating device and the self-propelled hopper-loader, then the aforementioned hopper is used to collect the grain crop with subsequent transportation through the threshing and separating device into the self-propelled hopper-loader, then the self-propelled hopper-loader is used to periodically transfer the grain crop into a second hopper-loader, which is self-propelled or attached to a second tractor, after which the second hopper-loader is used to transfer the grain crop into devices for cleaning and packing the grain, and the grain crop is cleaned and packed. SUBSTITUTE SHEET 3. A method for harvesting grain, in which a trailed or mounted stripper header is first installed on a first tractor, a first transfer hopper is also attached to the first tractor, and a conveyor is installed between the aforementioned stripper header and the first transfer hopper, then the grain harvest is collected with its subsequent transportation to the first transfer hopper, then the grain harvest is periodically transferred to a second transfer hopper, which is self-propelled or attached to a second tractor, after which the grain harvest is transferred to devices for threshing, cleaning and packaging the grain using the second transfer hopper, and the grain harvest is threshed, cleaned and packaged.

4. A method for harvesting grain, in which a trailed or mounted stripper header is first installed on a self-propelled bunker-loader, and a conveyor is installed between the aforementioned stripper header and the self-propelled bunker-loader, then the aforementioned header is used to harvest the grain, followed by transporting the grain harvest to the self-propelled bunker-loader, then the self-propelled bunker-loader is used to periodically transfer the grain harvest to a second bunker-loader, which is self-propelled or attached to a second tractor, after which the second bunker-loader is used to transfer the grain harvest to devices for threshing, cleaning and packing the grain, and the grain harvest is threshed, cleaned and packed.

5. A method of harvesting grain in which a trailed or mounted stripper header is first installed on the first tractor, and a first bunker-transfer unit is also attached to the first tractor, and SUBSTITUTE SHEET a conveyor is installed between the above-mentioned stripper header and the first transfer bin, then using the above-mentioned header, the grain harvest is collected with subsequent transportation of the grain harvest to the first transfer bin, then using the first transfer bin, the grain harvest is periodically transferred to the second transfer bin, which is self-propelled or attached to the second tractor, after which, using the second transfer bin, the grain harvest is transferred to the grain packaging device, and the grain harvest is packaged.

6. A method for harvesting grain, in which a trailed or mounted stripper header is first installed on a self-propelled bunker-loader, and a conveyor is installed between the aforementioned stripper header and the self-propelled bunker-loader, then the grain harvest is collected using the aforementioned header, followed by transportation of the grain harvest to the self-propelled bunker-loader, then the grain harvest is periodically transferred to a second bunker-loader, which is self-propelled or attached to a second tractor, after which the grain harvest is transferred to a grain packaging device using the second bunker-loader, and the grain harvest is packaged.

7. A method for harvesting grain according to any of paragraphs 1-6, characterized in that a preservation device is used and the grain harvest is preserved before packaging. SUBSTITUTE SHEET