Electric forklift driving wheel assembly

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is an electric forklift driving wheel assembly, comprising: a mounting bracket, which has a first side and a second side opposite each other; a wheel assembly, which is sleeved on the mounting bracket; a speed reduction assembly, which is arranged on the first side of the mounting bracket, comprises a shell, a first speed reduction shaft, and a first speed reduction gear fixed to the first speed reduction shaft, and further comprises at least one second speed reduction shaft and a second speed reduction gear fixed to the second speed reduction shaft, wherein the second speed reduction shaft is in transmission connection with the first speed reduction gear, and the shell is fixed to each of the wheel assembly and the first speed reduction shaft; and an electric motor assembly, which is mounted on the second side of the mounting bracket and comprises an electric motor, wherein a transmission gear is integrated at an end of an output shaft of the electric motor, the axis of the output shaft and the rotation axis of the transmission gear being colinear and the output shaft and the transmission gear rotating synchronously, the output shaft passing through the mounting bracket to enter the speed reduction assembly, and the transmission gear meshing with the second speed reduction gear. The present invention can simplify the mounting process, reduce the assembly difficulty, and improve the assembly efficiency.

Description

Electric forklift drive wheel assembly Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric forklifts, and in particular to a driving wheel assembly of an electric forklift. Background Art

[0002] Lifting and handling are common operations in industrial production, often performed with the aid of a forklift. A forklift's primary feature is its forked forks, which enable lifting and lowering cargo, forward and backward movement, and turning maneuvers. The drive mechanism is a crucial component of a forklift, typically consisting of a motor assembly, a reduction gear assembly, a bracket assembly, and a wheel assembly. During assembly, connectors are introduced, allowing these components to be removably connected to the connectors and to work together to drive the wheel assembly.

[0003] The transmission connection between the motor assembly and the reduction assembly is usually achieved by threading the motor's output shaft with the reducer's concentric shaft, and then meshing the teeth on the concentric shaft with the reduction gear to achieve power transmission. This design requires ensuring that the motor output shaft, concentric shaft and reducer are concentric. During assembly, at least two points must be concentric, which requires high processing and installation precision, low assembly efficiency and high rework rate.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric forklift drive wheel assembly, which simplifies the installation process and improves assembly efficiency and qualification rate through an integrated structural design.

[0006] The present disclosure provides an electric forklift drive wheel assembly, comprising:

[0007] a mounting bracket having a first side and a second side opposed to each other;

[0008] A wheel assembly, mounted on the mounting bracket;

[0009] a reduction assembly, disposed on a first side of the mounting bracket, comprising a housing, a first reduction shaft, a first reduction gear fixed to the first reduction shaft, and at least one second reduction shaft and a second reduction gear fixed to the second reduction shaft, wherein the second reduction shaft is in transmission connection with the first reduction gear, and the housing is fixed to the wheel assembly and the first reduction shaft, respectively;

[0010] The motor assembly is arranged on the second side of the mounting bracket and includes a motor. The end of the output shaft of the motor is integrated with a transmission gear. The axis of the output shaft and the rotation axis of the transmission gear are arranged colinearly and rotate synchronously. The output shaft passes through the mounting bracket and enters the reduction assembly. The transmission gear is engaged with the second reduction gear.

[0011] The implementation of the above scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] The present application integrates a transmission gear at the end of the motor output shaft. The output shaft of the motor sequentially passes through the mounting bracket and enters the reduction assembly, so that the transmission gear directly engages with the second reduction gear of the reduction assembly, transmitting power to the first reduction shaft. The first reduction shaft is fixedly connected to the wheel assembly through the housing, thereby driving the wheel to rotate. In this design, only the motor output shaft and the first reduction shaft need to be concentrically installed, which reduces the number of concentric installation and debugging times, can simplify the installation process, reduce assembly difficulty, and improve assembly efficiency. In addition, the reducer and motor are arranged on both sides of the mounting bracket, which can be modularly separated and assembled, making installation and disassembly more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving wheel assembly of an electric forklift provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving wheel assembly of an electric forklift provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] FIG3 is an exploded view of the driving wheel assembly of the electric forklift provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] FIG4 is a cross-sectional view of a drive wheel assembly of an electric forklift provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] FIG5 is a partial schematic diagram of FIG4.

[0018] FIG6 is a partial schematic diagram of FIG4 .

[0019] FIG7 is a partial schematic diagram of FIG4 .

[0020] FIG8 is a partial cross-sectional view of a deceleration assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a mounting bracket provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] FIG10 is a cross-sectional view of a mounting bracket provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting bracket and the bearing after assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] FIG12 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting bracket and the bearing after assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting bracket and the controller provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] FIG15 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a deceleration assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] FIG17 is a cross-sectional view of a deceleration assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 100 mounting bracket, 101 motor mounting portion, 102 flange portion, 103 vehicle body connection portion, 104 outwardly shifted thickened portion, 105 wheel accommodating space, 106 bracket shaft hole, 107 first mounting groove, 108 second mounting groove, 109 motor mounting cavity, 110 first weight reduction groove, 111 second weight reduction groove, 112 inner chamfer, 113 guide step, 114 limiting step, 115 step, 116 lower flat plate, 117 step slope, 118 contact portion, 119 avoidance portion, 200 wheel assembly, 201 bearing, 202 wheel, 208 wheel hub, 209 tire, 300 reduction assembly, 301 housing, 302 first reduction shaft, 303 first reduction gear, 304 second reduction shaft, 305 second reduction gear, 306 reducer housing, 307 flange, 308 first connector, 309 second connector, 310 outer peripheral wall of the first connector, 311 end face of the first connector, 312 gap, 313 first seal, 314 first housing, 315 second housing, 316 sealing ring, 317 first end face, 318 second end face, 319 groove, 320 protrusion, 321 recess, 322 first shaft hole, 323 second shaft hole, 324 second seal, 325 oil inlet hole, 326 screw, 327 magnetic body, 400 motor assembly, 401 motor, 402 end cover, 403 transmission gear, 404 bearing, 405 rotor, 406 stator, 408 stator end face, 409 rotor housing, 410 output shaft, 411 rotor core, 412 rotor magnet, 413 magnet mounting slot, 414 limiting protrusion, 415 deformation protrusion, 416 heat dissipation hole, 500 controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, this embodiment provides an electric forklift drive wheel assembly, comprising a mounting bracket 100, a wheel assembly 200, a reduction assembly 300, and a motor assembly 400. The mounting bracket 100 has a first side and a second side opposite to each other. The reduction assembly 300 is disposed on the first side of the mounting bracket 100, and the motor assembly 400 is disposed on the second side of the mounting bracket 100. The wheel assembly 200 is mounted on the mounting bracket 100 and positioned between the reduction assembly 300 and the motor assembly 400. The motor assembly 400 is in transmission connection with the wheel assembly 200 via the reduction assembly 300, thereby driving the wheel 202 in the wheel assembly 200 to rotate. The first side mentioned above can be defined as the left side, and the second side can be defined as the right side.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 4. The mounting bracket 100 includes a bracket main body and a vehicle body connector. The cross-section of the vehicle frame main body is U-shaped, and the opening of the U-shape faces right, forming the housing of the motor assembly 400. The vehicle body connector has a vertical portion and a horizontal portion, which together form a flat L-shaped structure, wherein the lower end of the vertical portion is arranged at the opening of the vehicle frame main body, and the horizontal portion is used to dock the vehicle body. A flange portion 102 is provided on the first side of the bracket main body. It is worth noting that the flange portion 102 is integrally formed with the vehicle frame main body. From a process perspective, the one-piece molding arrangement makes mold processing more convenient and the investment cost is also low. From a structural perspective, the fixed installation between the flange portion and the vehicle frame main body is eliminated, the installation process is simplified, and the coaxiality between the flange portion and the vehicle frame main body is also ensured.

[0035] The vehicle body connector is connected to the second side of the bracket body and forms a wheel accommodation space 105 with the flange portion 102 . Specifically, the accommodation space 105 is formed between the flange portion 102 , the upper side wall of the frame body, and the lower side wall of the vehicle body connector.

[0036] The wheel assembly 200 is mounted on the flange 102, the reduction assembly 300 is located on a first side of the flange 102, and the motor assembly 400 is located on a second side of the flange 102. The mounting bracket 100 is made of aluminum alloy. Compared to steel mounting brackets 100, the aluminum alloy bracket can reduce weight by approximately 40%, making assembly and handling more convenient. It is worth noting that the aluminum alloy is less rigid than the original steel bracket. Therefore, the present application shifts the mounting location of the wheel assembly 200 from the motor housing formed on the vehicle frame to the flange 102. While maintaining the radial thickness of the motor housing, the radial thickness of the flange 102 itself can meet the load requirements of the wheel assembly 200. This shift in mounting location is also based on the structure of the flange 102 being integrally formed with the vehicle frame, ensuring that the central axis of the flange coincides with the central axis of the frame, thereby ensuring that the original coaxiality of the wheel assembly 200 remains unchanged.

[0037] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the wheel assembly 200 includes a bearing 201 and a wheel 202. The bearing 201 is mounted on the flange portion 102, and the wheel 202 is mounted on the bearing 201 and located in the wheel accommodating space 105. The wheel 202 includes a hub 208 and a tire 209. The hub 208 is mounted on the bearing 201, and the tire 209 is mounted on the hub 208. The wheel assembly has an I-shaped cross-section in the radial direction, with the bearing 201 forming a vertical structure and the wheel 202 forming a horizontal structure. The wheel 202 extends in the axial direction and can extend to the outside of the motor assembly 400.

[0038] The reduction assembly 300 includes a housing 301, a reducer housing 306, a flange 307, a first reduction shaft 302, a first reduction gear 303, a second reduction shaft 304 and a second reduction gear 305. The first reduction shaft 302, the first reduction gear 303, the second reduction shaft 304 and the second reduction gear 305 are arranged in the reducer housing 306. The first reduction gear 303 is fixed on the first reduction shaft 302. The second reduction shaft 304 is engaged with the first reduction gear 303. The second reduction gear 305 is fixed on the second reduction shaft 304. The first reduction shaft 302 passes through the reducer housing 306 and is fixedly connected to the flange 307. The flange 307 is fixedly connected to the housing 301. The housing 301 is fixedly connected to the wheel hub 208 of the wheel assembly 200. The rotation of the first reduction shaft 302 can drive the wheel 202 to rotate. The motor assembly 400 includes a motor 401, and a transmission gear 403 is integrated at the end of the output shaft 410 of the motor 401. The output shaft 410 passes through the flange portion 102 of the mounting bracket 100 and enters the reduction assembly 300. The output shaft 410 is concentrically arranged with the first reduction shaft 302, and the transmission gear 403 is engaged with the second reduction gear 305.

[0039] In the above-mentioned electric forklift drive wheel assembly, the motor 401 works to rotate the output shaft 410, and the transmission gear 403 rotates synchronously with the output shaft 410, outputting the transmission force to the second reduction gear 305 meshing therewith, and the second reduction gear 305 drives the second reduction shaft 304 to rotate synchronously, and outputs the transmission force to the first reduction gear 303 meshing therewith, and the first reduction gear 303 drives the first reduction shaft 302 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the flange 307, the housing 301 and the wheel 202 of the wheel assembly 200 to rotate synchronously, thereby achieving the purpose of driving the wheel 202 to move. This design differs primarily in that the motor's output shaft 410 extends into the reduction assembly 300, replacing the previously required connecting shaft and ensuring first-order coaxiality. A transmission gear 403 is integrated into the output shaft 410, replacing the corresponding gear required on the previous connecting shaft, ensuring second-order coaxiality. Due to the output shaft 410's length, it requires auxiliary support via a bearing 404. The flange 410 is integrated with the vehicle frame (equivalent to the motor housing) to ensure third-order coaxiality, reducing the number of concentric installation and commissioning steps, simplifying the installation process, reducing assembly difficulty, and improving assembly efficiency. Furthermore, the reduction assembly and motor 401 are arranged on either side of the mounting bracket 100, allowing for modular separation and assembly, making installation and disassembly more convenient.

[0040] In this embodiment, a flange portion 102 is provided on the first side of the bracket body, and the second side of the bracket body is connected to the vehicle body connector, thereby transferring the center line of the bracket body to the flange portion 102, and arranging the reduction assembly 300 and the motor assembly 400 on both sides of the flange portion 102. The bearing 201 of the wheel assembly 200 is arranged on the flange portion 102, so that in the vertical direction of the electric forklift driving wheel assembly, the center line of the bearing 201, the center line of the wheel 202 and the center line of the mounting bracket 100 are collinear, thereby ensuring that the driving wheel of the electric forklift is subjected to uniform force during operation and improving the stability of the wheel during movement and rotation.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the reduction assembly 300 and the motor assembly 400 are located on either side of the flange 102, and the wheel assembly 200 is located within the flange 102. Since the motor 401 or the reducer does not need to be accommodated in the center of the flange 102, the radial thickness of the flange 102 can provide sufficient support. Furthermore, it is worth noting that the radial thickness of the flange 102 is adjustable. Previously, due to the need to maintain vertical dimensions, the size of the bearing was limited, resulting in a small relative distance between the inner and outer races. However, in this design, both the radial and axial thicknesses of the flange can provide sufficient support. Therefore, a retracted structure can be employed at the interface between the flange 102 and the bearing 201. This allows for a larger relative distance between the inner and outer races of the bearing 201 without changing or even reducing the chassis height, providing greater support for the wheel assembly 200 and ensuring operational stability. Furthermore, because the mounting bracket 100 is made of aluminum alloy, even if the axial thickness of the flange 102 is increased, the overall weight of the mounting bracket 100 can be reduced, making assembly and handling more convenient.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 9 and 10. The body connector includes a body connecting portion 103 and an outwardly displaced thickened portion 104. The body connecting portion 103 is arranged on the outside of the flange portion 102 and forms the wheel accommodating space 105 between the body connecting portion 103 and the flange portion 102. The outwardly displaced thickened portion 104 connects the body connecting portion 103 and the motor mounting portion 101, and the wheel assembly 200 is mounted on the flange portion 102.

[0043] Referring to Figures 4, 6, and 10, the flange portion 102 is provided with a bracket shaft hole 106 and a first mounting groove 107. The bracket shaft hole 106 extends through the first and second sides of the flange portion 102, and the first mounting groove 107 extends from the second side to the first side of the flange portion 102. The motor assembly 400 includes a bearing member 404 sleeved on the output shaft 410. The output shaft 410 of the motor 401 passes through the bracket shaft hole 106, and the bearing member 404 is accommodated in the first mounting groove 107. In this embodiment, the bearing member 404 not only provides bilaterally symmetrical rotation support, but also acts as a short fulcrum support for the extended portion of the output shaft 410, thereby reducing the deformation of the output shaft 410 caused by the force applied to the transmission gear 403.

[0044] Please refer to FIG. 4 . The reducer housing 306 has a first connecting body 308 and a second connecting body 309 . The first connecting body 308 is embedded in the mounting bracket 100 , and the second connecting body 309 is connected to the flange 307 .

[0045] Referring to Figures 4, 5, and 10, the flange portion 102 is provided with a second mounting groove 108, which extends from a first side to a second side of the flange portion 102. The first connector 308 enters the second mounting groove 108. The outer peripheral wall 310 of the first connector is interference-fitted with the groove wall of the second mounting groove 108, and a gap 312 is defined between the end face 311 of the first connector and the bottom of the second mounting groove 108. The output shaft 410 passes through the first connector 308, with a first seal 313 provided between the first connector 308 and the output shaft 410. In this embodiment, the outer peripheral wall 310 of the first connector is interference-fitted with the groove wall of the second mounting groove 108 to limit the position of the outer peripheral wall 310 of the first connector. This ensures that the end face 311 of the first connector is in contact with the bottom of the second mounting groove 108 or maintains a gap 312. This prevents the end face 311 of the first connector from excessively inserting into the second mounting groove 108, which could cause deformation of the mounting bracket 100.

[0046] In one possible implementation, referring to Figures 3, 4, 7, and 8, the reducer housing 306 includes a first housing 314 and a second housing 315. The first housing 314 is provided with a first axial hole 322, and the second housing 315 is provided with a second axial hole 323. The first connector 308 is disposed around the first axial hole 322, and the second connector 309 is disposed around the second axial hole 323. The output shaft 410 passes through the first connector 308 and the first axial hole 322, and is sealedly connected to the first connector 308 via a first seal 313. The first reduction shaft 302 passes through the second axial hole 323 and the second connector 309, and is sealedly connected to the second axial hole 323 via a second seal 324. The first housing 314 and the second housing 315 are sealedly connected via a sealing ring 316. In this embodiment, a first seal 313 is sleeved on the output shaft 410 of the motor 401, and the first connector 308 is used to limit the first seal 313. A second seal 324 is sleeved on the first reduction shaft 302, and the second shell 315 is used to limit the second seal 324 to ensure the sealing inside the reducer shell 306.

[0047] The first end surface 317 of the first housing 314 and / or the second end surface 318 of the second housing 315 are provided with a groove 319, and the sealing ring 316 is embedded in the groove 319 and abuts the first end surface 317 and the second end surface 318, respectively. For example, as shown in FIG8 , the first end surface 317 of the first housing 314 is provided with a groove 319, the sealing ring 316 is embedded in the groove 319, and the second end surface 318 of the second housing 315 abuts the sealing ring 316, thereby achieving a seal at the connection between the first housing 314 and the second housing 315.

[0048] In one possible implementation, one of the first end surface 317 and the second end surface 318 is provided with a protrusion 320, and the other is provided with a recessed portion 321 that cooperates with the protrusion 320. For example, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the inner side of the first end surface 317 of the first shell 314 is provided with a protrusion 320, and the inner side of the second end surface 318 of the second shell 315 is provided with a recessed portion 321 that cooperates with the protrusion 320. During the installation and docking process of the first shell 314 and the second shell 315, the protrusion 320 cooperates with the recessed portion 321 to provide positioning and guidance. In addition, the interference fit between the protrusion 320 and the recessed portion 321 can also provide a hard seal, further improving the sealing effect at the connection between the first shell 314 and the second shell 315.

[0049] In one possible implementation, both the raised portion 320 and the recessed portion 321 are disposed away from the groove 319. Preferably, the raised portion 320 and the recessed portion 321 are disposed radially inwardly of the reducer housing 306, and the groove 319 is disposed radially outwardly of the reducer housing 306. Staggering the groove 319 and the raised portion 320 or the recessed portion 321 here can increase the contact area between the first end face 317 of the first housing 314 and the second end face 318 of the second housing 315, thereby reducing or preventing lubricating oil inside the reducer housing 306 from leaking outwardly from the junction of the first housing 314 and the second housing 315.

[0050] In the structure shown in Figures 3 and 4, the reduction assembly 300 is accommodated in the cavity formed by the mounting bracket 100 and the housing 301. The parts are not exposed to the outside, which can extend the service life of the reduction assembly 300. In one possible implementation, as shown in Figure 16, the reducer housing 306 is provided with an oil inlet hole 325 and a screw 326 for sealing the oil inlet hole 325. The screw 326 is detachably connected to the oil inlet hole 325. By removing the screw 326 from the reducer housing 306 to expose the oil inlet hole 325, lubricating oil can be poured into the reducer housing 306. The lubricating oil can not only lubricate the reduction gear and reduction shaft in the reducer housing 306 to make them rotate smoothly, thereby extending the service life of the reduction assembly, but also cool the reduction gear and reduction shaft and reduce working noise.

[0051] In one possible implementation, referring to FIG17 , a magnetic body 327 is provided in the reducer housing 306, and the magnetic body 327 is away from the vehicle body connection portion 103. Exemplarily, the magnetic body 327 is a magnet. The reduction gear and the reduction shaft transmit power through meshing, and debris will be generated due to wear during operation. The magnetic body 327 is provided in the reducer housing 306 to absorb the debris, prevent the debris from entering the meshing part and affecting the normal operation of the reduction gear and the reduction shaft, and increase the service life of the reduction assembly 300. It is worth noting that the magnetic body 327 is arranged at a lower position of the reducer housing 306 in the vertical direction. The above-mentioned debris will fall under its own gravity and will be gathered together by the magnetic body 327, which can prevent the reduction gear from rolling the debris into the meshing part during rotation.

[0052] Referring to Figures 4, 6, and 10, a motor mounting portion 101 is provided on the second side of the bracket body. The motor mounting portion 101 is provided with a motor mounting cavity 109 recessed toward the flange portion 102. The motor 401 is accommodated in the motor mounting cavity 109. The motor assembly 400 further includes an end cap 402 connected to the motor mounting portion 101 to seal the motor 401. In this embodiment, the second side of the bracket body is recessed inward to form the motor mounting cavity 109. The motor 401 is mounted in the motor mounting cavity 109, eliminating the need for a motor housing. This saves costs and reduces the radial dimension of the motor, making the overall structure more integrated.

[0053] In one possible implementation, referring to Figures 4 and 6, the motor 401 includes a rotor 405 and a stator 406 arranged around the rotor 405; the inner wall of the motor mounting cavity 109 is provided with a limiting step 114 and a guide step 113 protruding toward the center of the motor mounting cavity 109, the limiting step 114 is close to the flange portion 102, the guide step 113 is located on the side of the motor mounting cavity 109 away from the flange portion 102, and the distance from the guide step 113 to the central axis of the motor mounting cavity 109 is greater than the limiting step 114 to the center axis of the motor mounting cavity 109, and the distance from the guide step 113 to the center axis of the motor mounting cavity 109 is greater than the distance from the stator 406 to the center axis of the motor mounting cavity 109. When the motor 401 is installed into the motor mounting cavity 109, the stator 406 and the guide step 113 are clearance-fitted, which facilitates the end of the stator 406 to be introduced. The end face 408 of the stator abuts the limiting step 114 to avoid over-installation of the motor 401. The outer wall of the stator 406 is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the motor mounting cavity 109.

[0054] As shown in FIG6 , the motor mounting cavity 109 is generally hollow cylindrical in shape, with the diameter of the guide step 113 being slightly larger than the diameter of the stop step 114. The diameter of the stator 406 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the guide step 113 and slightly larger than the diameter of the stop step 114. This allows the stator 406 to be installed by first docking the guide step 113 from the second side of the mounting bracket 100, and then pushing the stator 406 toward the flange 102 until the front end of the stator 406 abuts the stop step 114. At this point, the stator 406 is installed in place, with the outer wall of the stator 406 forming an interference fit with the section of the electronic mounting cavity between the guide step 113 and the stop step 114. This structural design improves the efficiency and accuracy of stator 406 installation. In addition, the stator 406 of the motor 401 is placed close to the inner wall of the motor mounting cavity 109 , and the heat generated by the motor 401 can be conducted out through the mounting bracket 100 made of aluminum alloy, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the motor 401 .

[0055] As shown in Figure 10, an inner chamfer 112 is provided between the stop step 114 and the flange portion 102 to facilitate demoulding during processing. For example, the outer diameter of the flange portion 102 is 130 mm, and the distance from the stop step 114 to the central axis of the motor mounting cavity 109 is 118 mm.

[0056] Referring to Figures 6, 14, and 15, the rotor 405 includes a rotor housing 409, an output shaft 410, a rotor core 411 mounted on the output shaft 410, and rotor magnets 412 embedded in the rotor core 411. The rotor housing 409 encloses the rotor core 411 and the rotor magnets 412. The rotor magnets 412 are made of ferrite, which is relatively stable and inexpensive compared to rare earth materials and can adapt to high-temperature operating environments. The maximum power of the motor 401 can reach 94%.

[0057] The rotor core 411 is provided with a plurality of magnet mounting slots 413 spaced around the output shaft 410. Each magnet mounting slot 413 extends from the outer circumferential wall of the rotor core 411 toward the output shaft 410. The slot walls of the magnet mounting slots 413 are provided with retaining protrusions 414. The rotor magnets 412 are embedded in the magnet mounting slots 413 along the axial direction of the output shaft 410, abutting against the bottom wall, side walls, and retaining protrusions 414 of the magnet mounting slots 413. In this embodiment, the magnets are embedded in the rotor core 411, with all four sides of the magnets retained in position. Furthermore, the axial end faces of the magnets are retained by the rotor housing 409, enhancing the stability of the magnet installation and preventing the magnets from shaking.

[0058] Referring to Figure 15 , the bottom wall of the magnet mounting slot 413 is provided with a plurality of deformable protrusions 415. These deformable protrusions 415 are capable of being bent when the rotor magnet 412 enters the magnet mounting slot 413, thereby applying a force to the rotor magnet 412 toward the limiting protrusions 414. The distance between the two sidewalls of the magnet mounting slot 413 is less than or equal to the thickness of the rotor magnet 412. The deformable protrusions 415 are positioned near the outer circumferential wall of the rotor core 411, and the distance between the deformable protrusions 415 and the limiting protrusions 414 is less than the width of the rotor magnet 412. When installing the magnet, the magnet is inserted into the magnet installation groove 413 along the axis of the output shaft 410. During the insertion process, the magnet abuts and bends the deformed protrusion 415. The bent deformed protrusion 415 can apply an outward force to the magnet in the radial direction, so that the outer wall of the magnet abuts more tightly against the limiting protrusion 414 of the magnet installation groove 413.

[0059] In a possible implementation, referring to FIG. 15 , a heat dissipation hole 416 is provided on the side wall of the magnetic steel mounting groove 413 along the axial direction of the output shaft 410 , and the heat generated by the magnetic steel can be quickly dissipated through the heat dissipation hole 416 .

[0060] Referring to Figures 9-12 , the outer periphery of the bracket body is provided with a step 115. A lower flat plate 116 of the step 115 is at least partially located on the outer periphery of the flange 102. A stepped slope 117 of the step 115 is located on the flange 102 or the second side of the bracket body. The bearing 201 is mounted on the step 115, with its inner circumferential wall abutting the lower flat plate 116 and its sidewalls abutting the stepped slope 117. In this embodiment, the portion of the mounting bracket 100 for mounting the bearing 201 is designed as a sunken structure. While ensuring sufficient support, this further reduces the radial dimension and chassis height.

[0061] Referring to Figure 12 , the stepped slope 117 includes a contact portion 118 and a relief portion 119 surrounding the contact portion 118. The relief portion 119 extends from the first side of the bracket body to the second side. The sidewall of the bearing 201 abuts the contact portion 118 but does not contact the relief portion 119. The contact portion 118 abuts the bearing 201 to position it, while the relief portion 119 is provided to prevent excessive contact between the stepped slope 117 and the sidewall of the bearing 201, which could affect the proper functioning of the bearing 201.

[0062] The outer diameter of the flange 102 is smaller than the outer diameter of the motor mounting portion 101 and larger than the diameter of the motor mounting cavity 109. Because the flange 102 needs to withstand the force applied by the wheel 202, the connection between the flange 102 and the motor mounting portion 101 requires sufficient rigidity to accommodate the aforementioned force. By controlling the diameter range of the flange 102, the motor mounting portion 101, and the motor mounting cavity 109, the stability of the structure can be ensured.

[0063] Referring to Figure 11 , the second side of the flange portion 102 has a plurality of first weight-reducing grooves 110 disposed around the first mounting grooves 107. The first weight-reducing grooves 110 are recessed from the second side toward the first side of the flange portion 102. Providing the first weight-reducing grooves 110 on the flange portion 102 reduces its mass. The first weight-reducing grooves 110, in contact with the motor 401, also aid in heat dissipation.

[0064] Continuing with Figure 11 , a second weight-reducing groove 111 is further provided on the second side of the outwardly displaced thickened portion 104. The second weight-reducing groove 111 is recessed from the second side toward the first side. Providing the second weight-reducing groove 111 on the outwardly displaced thickened portion further reduces the mass of the mounting bracket 100 while ensuring the strength of the outwardly displaced thickened portion 104.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 13. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly also includes a controller 500. The controller 500 is arranged on the second side of the outward-moving thickened portion 104 and is in direct contact with the outward-moving thickened portion 104. The heat generated by the operation of the controller 500 can be dissipated through the mounting bracket 100 made of aluminum alloy, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the controller 500. Among them, the controller 500 is preferably capable of docking with controllers 500 of different types of forklift structures, which has better compatibility than the design of the prior art in which the controller 500 is matched one-to-one with the forklift type. Specifically, a screw hole 326 can be reserved on the outward-moving thickened portion 104 of the mounting bracket 100 for installing the controller 500.

[0066] The mounting bracket provided in this embodiment integrates some functions of the motor housing, and its structure is novel and compact, saving space; processing is more convenient; multiple positioning, locking and other processes can be omitted during installation, which can improve installation efficiency; from the perspective of usage effect, the motor and transmission mechanism are firmly arranged in the mounting bracket, which can reduce mechanical vibration and noise during operation.

[0067] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions are possible for those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electric forklift drive wheel assembly, characterized in that, Comprising: An installation bracket (100) having opposite first and second sides; A wheel assembly (200) sleeved on the installation bracket (100); A speed reduction assembly (300) provided on the first side of the installation bracket (100), including a housing (301), a first speed reduction shaft (302), and a first speed reduction gear (303) fixed on the first speed reduction shaft (302), further including at least one second speed reduction shaft (304) and a second speed reduction gear (305) fixed on the second speed reduction shaft (304), the second speed reduction shaft (304) being in transmission connection with the first speed reduction gear (303), and the housing (301) being fixed to the wheel assembly (200) and the first speed reduction shaft (302) respectively; A motor assembly (400) provided on the second side of the installation bracket (100), including a motor (401), a transmission gear (403) being integrated at the end of the output shaft (410) of the motor (401), the axis of the output shaft (410) being collinear with the rotation axis of the transmission gear (403) and rotating synchronously, the output shaft (410) passing through the installation bracket (100) and entering the speed reduction assembly (300), and the transmission gear (403) meshing with the second speed reduction gear (305).

2. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 1, wherein, The installation bracket (100) includes: A bracket main body including a motor installation part (101) and a flange part (102) located on the first axial side of the motor installation part (101), the motor installation part (101) and the flange part (102) being integrally provided, an opening being provided on the second axial side of the motor installation part (101), the motor (401) being provided in the motor installation part (101) through the opening, the output shaft (410) of the motor (401) passing through the flange part (102), and the output shaft (410) and the transmission gear (403) being integrally formed; A vehicle body connection body including a vehicle body connection part (103) and an outwardly shifted and thickened part (104), the vehicle body connection part (103) being provided outside the flange part (102) along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the motor (401) and forming a wheel accommodation space (105) between the vehicle body connection part (103) and the flange part (102), the outwardly shifted and thickened part (104) connecting the vehicle body connection part (103) and the motor installation part (101), and the wheel assembly (200) being sleeved on the flange part (102).

3. The electric forklift driving wheel assembly according to claim 1, wherein The speed reduction assembly (300) includes a speed reducer housing (306) and a flange (307), the first speed reduction shaft (302), the first speed reduction gear (303), the second speed reduction shaft (304), and the second speed reduction gear (305) are provided in the speed reducer housing (306), and the first speed reduction shaft (302) is fixedly connected to the housing (301) through the flange (307); The speed reducer housing (306) has a first connecting body (308) and a second connecting body (309). The first connecting body (308) is embedded in the mounting bracket (100), and the second connecting body (309) is docked with the flange (307).

4. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 2, wherein The flange portion (102) is provided with a bracket shaft hole (106) and a first mounting groove (107). The bracket shaft hole (106) penetrates the first side and the second side of the flange portion (102) along the axis direction of the motor assembly (400). The first mounting groove (107) extends from the second side to the first side of the flange portion (102); The motor assembly (400) includes a bearing member (404) sleeved on the output shaft (410). The output shaft (410) of the motor (401) passes through the bracket shaft hole (106), and the bearing member (404) is accommodated in the first mounting groove (107).

5. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 3, wherein The flange portion (102) is further provided with a second mounting groove (108). The second mounting groove (108) extends from the first side to the second side of the flange portion (102). The first connecting body (308) enters the second mounting groove (108). The outer peripheral wall (310) of the first connecting body is in interference fit with the groove wall of the second mounting groove (108). There is a gap (312) between the end face (311) of the first connecting body and the groove bottom of the second mounting groove (108); The output shaft (410) passes through the first connecting body (308) and enters the housing (301). A first seal (313) is provided between the first connecting body (308) and the output shaft (410).

6. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 2, wherein The motor mounting portion (101) is provided with a motor mounting cavity (109) recessed towards the flange portion (102). The motor (401) is accommodated in the motor mounting cavity (109). The motor assembly (400) includes an end cover (402). The end cover (402) is connected to the mounting bracket (100) to seal the motor (401).

7. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 3, wherein The speed reducer housing (306) includes a first housing (314) and a second housing (315). The first connecting body (308) is provided on the first housing (314), and the second connecting body (309) is provided on the second housing (315). The first housing (314) and the second housing (315) are hermetically connected by a sealing ring (316).

8. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 7, wherein A groove (319) is provided on the first end face (317) of the first housing (314) and / or the second end face (318) of the second housing (315). The sealing ring (316) is embedded in the groove (319) and abuts against the first end face (317) and the second end face (318) respectively.

9. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 8, wherein One of the first end face (317) and the second end face (318) is provided with a protrusion (320), and the other is provided with a recess (321) that cooperates with the protrusion (320). The protrusion (320) and the recess (321) are both arranged avoiding the groove (319).

10. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 9, wherein The protrusion (320) and the recess (321) are arranged inside the reducer housing (306) in the radial direction, and the groove (319) is arranged outside the reducer housing (306) in the radial direction.

11. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 7, wherein The first housing (314) is provided with a first shaft hole (322), the second housing (315) is provided with a second shaft hole (323), the first connecting body (308) is arranged around the first shaft hole (322), and the second connecting body (309) is arranged around the second shaft hole (323). The output shaft (410) passes through the first connecting body (308) and the first shaft hole (322), and the output shaft (410) is hermetically connected to the first connecting body (308) through a first seal (313). The first reduction shaft (302) passes through the second shaft hole (323) and the second connecting body (309), and the first reduction shaft (302) is hermetically connected to the second shaft hole (323) through a second seal (324).

12. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 3, wherein The reducer housing (306) is provided with an oil inlet hole (325) and a screw (326) for sealing the oil inlet hole (325). The screw (326) is detachably connected to the oil inlet hole (325).

13. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 3, wherein A magnetic body (327) is arranged inside the reducer housing (306). The magnetic body (327) is away from the vehicle body connecting portion (103) of the mounting bracket (100), and the magnetic body (327) is arranged at a position below the reducer housing.

14. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 2, wherein The motor (401) includes a rotor (405) and a stator (406) disposed around the rotor (405); the inner wall of the motor mounting cavity (109) is provided with a limiting step (114) and a guiding step (113) protruding towards the center of the motor mounting cavity (109). The limiting step (114) is close to the flange portion (102), and the guiding step (113) is located on the side of the motor mounting cavity (109) away from the flange portion (102). The distance from the guiding step (113) to the central axis of the motor mounting cavity (109) is greater than the distance from the limiting step (114) to the central axis of the motor mounting cavity (109). The distance from the guiding step (113) to the central axis of the motor mounting cavity (109) is greater than the distance from the outer wall of the stator (406) to the central axis of the motor mounting cavity (109). The end face (408) of the stator abuts against the limiting step (114), and the outer wall of the stator (406) is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the guiding step (113), and the outer wall of the stator (406) is in interference fit with the inner wall of the motor mounting cavity (109).

15. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 14, wherein the rotor (405) includes a rotor housing (409), the output shaft (410), a rotor core (411) mounted on the output shaft (410), and rotor magnets (412) embedded in the rotor core (411). The rotor housing (409) encloses the rotor core (411) and the rotor magnets (412), and the rotor magnets (412) are made of ferrite material.

16. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 15, wherein a plurality of magnet mounting grooves (413) are provided at intervals on the rotor core (411). Each magnet mounting groove (413) extends from the outer peripheral wall of the rotor core (411) towards the output shaft (410). Limiting protrusions (414) are provided on the groove walls of the magnet mounting grooves (413). The rotor magnets (412) are axially embedded in the magnet mounting grooves (413) along the output shaft (410) and abut against the bottom wall, side walls and the limiting protrusions (414) of the magnet mounting grooves (413).

17. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 16, wherein a plurality of deformation protrusions (415) are provided on the bottom wall of the magnet mounting groove (413). The deformation protrusions (415) can be bent when the rotor magnets (412) enter the magnet mounting grooves (413) to apply a force to the rotor magnets (412) towards the limiting protrusions (414).

18. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 17, wherein The distance between the two side walls of the magnet mounting groove (413) is less than or equal to the thickness of the rotor magnet (412). The deformation protrusion (415) is arranged close to the outer peripheral wall of the rotor core (411), and the distance between the deformation protrusion (415) and the limit protrusion (414) is less than the width of the rotor magnet (412).

19. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 16, wherein Heat dissipation holes (416) are axially formed in the side wall of the magnet mounting groove (413) along the output shaft (410).

20. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 1, wherein The mounting bracket (100) is made of aluminum alloy material.

21. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 2, wherein The wheel assembly (200) includes a bearing (201) and a wheel (202). The bearing (201) is sleeved on the flange portion (102), and the projection of the bearing (201) in the horizontal plane falls within the projection of the flange portion (102) in the horizontal plane. The wheel (202) is sleeved on the bearing (201) and is located in the wheel accommodation space (105). The wheel (202) is connected to the housing (301). In the vertical direction of the electric forklift drive wheel assembly, the center lines of the bearing (201) and the wheel are collinearly arranged.

22. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 21, wherein A step (115) is provided on the outer periphery of the bracket main body. The lower flat plate (116) of the step (115) is at least partially located on the outer periphery of the flange portion (102), and the step slope surface (117) of the step (115) is located on the flange portion (102) or the second side of the bracket main body. The bearing (201) is sleeved on the step (115). The inner peripheral wall of the bearing (201) abuts against the lower flat plate (116), and the side wall of the bearing (201) abuts against the step slope surface (117).

23. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 22, wherein The step slope surface (117) includes a contact portion (118) and an avoidance portion (119) surrounding the contact portion (118). The avoidance portion (119) extends from the first side to the second side of the bracket main body. The side wall of the bearing (201) abuts against the contact portion (118) and does not contact the avoidance portion (119).

24. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 6, wherein The outer diameter of the flange portion (102) is smaller than the outer diameter of the motor mounting portion (101) and larger than the diameter of the motor mounting cavity (109).

25. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 4, wherein The second side of the flange portion (102) has a plurality of first weight reduction grooves (110) arranged around the first mounting groove (107). The first weight reduction groove (110) is recessed from the second side to the first side of the flange portion (102).

26. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 2, wherein the electric forklift drive wheel assembly further includes a controller (500), and the controller (500) is disposed on the second side of the outwardly displaced and thickened portion (104) and is in direct contact with the outwardly displaced and thickened portion (104).

27. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 2, wherein a second weight reduction groove (111) is provided on the second side of the outwardly displaced and thickened portion (104), and the second weight reduction groove (111) is recessed from the second side to the first side.

28. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 21, wherein in the vertical direction of the electric forklift drive wheel assembly, the center lines of the bearing (201), the wheel (202), and the mounting bracket (100) are collinearly arranged.

29. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 14, wherein an inner chamfer (112) is provided between the limiting step (114) and the flange portion (102).

30. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 14, wherein the outer diameter of the flange portion (102) is 130 mm, and the distance from the limiting step (114) to the central axis of the motor mounting cavity (109) is 118 mm.

31. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 21, wherein the wheel (202) includes a hub (208) and a tire (209) sleeved on the hub (208), the hub (208) is sleeved on the bearing (201), and the housing (301) is fixedly connected to the hub (208).

32. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the vertical direction of the electric forklift drive wheel assembly, the projection point of the force application center of the vehicle body connection portion (103) of the vehicle body connection body in the horizontal plane and the projection point of the center of the wheel assembly (200) in the horizontal plane both fall on the projection of the axis of the wheel assembly (200) in the horizontal plane, and the ratio of the distance between the two projection points to the axial dimension of the wheel assembly (200) is 0 to 0.

1.

33. The drive wheel assembly of the electric forklift according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bracket main body is integrally formed with the flange portion (102).

34. The electric forklift drive wheel assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flange portion (102) is coaxially arranged with the bracket main body, and the radial dimension of the flange portion (102) is smaller than that of the bracket main body.

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