Turbine exhaust chamber casing, turbine, and organic rankine cycle system

Abstract

Provided is a turbine exhaust chamber casing that forms a turbine exhaust chamber into which flows a heat medium that has passed through the last stage of rotor blades of a turbine, wherein a plurality of exhaust chamber outlets for discharging the heat medium from the turbine exhaust chamber toward the outside in the radial direction of the turbine are formed.

Description

Turbine exhaust chamber casing, turbine and organic Rankine cycle system

[0001] This disclosure relates to a turbine exhaust chamber casing, a turbine, and an organic Rankine cycle system. This application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-217699, filed with the Japan Patent Office on December 25, 2023, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a steam turbine having one exhaust chamber for two turbines. The steam turbine includes a forward turbine, a reverse turbine, and a first casing with an exhaust chamber formed therein. The reverse turbine includes a second casing with an exhaust chamber formed between it and the first casing.

[0003] Patent No. 6215172

[0004] The present inventors have been considering providing multiple condensers downstream of the turbine in an organic Rankine cycle system, etc. In such a system, if only one exhaust chamber outlet is provided so as to discharge the heat medium in the axial direction from the turbine exhaust chamber, the piping connected to the exhaust chamber outlet needs to be branched into multiple pipes which are then connected to the multiple condensers, which tends to increase the size of the piping system, and if an attempt is made to avoid such an increase in size, the pressure loss in the piping system is likely to increase.

[0005] In view of the above circumstances, at least one embodiment of the present disclosure aims to provide a turbine exhaust chamber casing, a turbine, and an organic Rankine cycle system that, when multiple condensers are provided downstream of the turbine, can suppress an increase in pressure loss in a piping system connecting the exhaust chamber of the turbine to the multiple condensers while suppressing an increase in size of the piping system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, a turbine exhaust chamber casing according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is a turbine exhaust chamber casing that forms a turbine exhaust chamber into which a heat medium that has passed through a turbine rotor flows, and is formed with a plurality of exhaust chamber outlets for discharging the heat medium from the turbine exhaust chamber toward the outside in the radial direction of the turbine rotor.

[0007] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, when multiple condensers are provided downstream of the turbine, a turbine exhaust chamber casing, a turbine, and an organic Rankine cycle system are provided that can suppress an increase in pressure loss in a piping system connecting the exhaust chamber of the turbine to the multiple condensers while suppressing an increase in size of the piping system.

[0008] 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating a general configuration of an organic Rankine cycle system 2 according to an embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a layout of each component when a part of the organic Rankine cycle system 2 shown in FIG. 1 is viewed from a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the turbine 8. FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a layout of each component when viewed from direction E in FIG. 2. FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the turbine exhaust chamber casing 38 shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a liquid reservoir K in the configuration shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an arrangement of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the exhaust chamber outlet 26B such that the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32 is immersed in the liquid reservoir K. FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating a modified layout of each component when a part of the organic Rankine cycle system 2 shown in FIG. 1 is viewed from a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the turbine 8. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the turbine exhaust chamber casing 38 shown in FIG. 7 and another example of the connection destinations of the pipes 3Ab, 3Ad, 3Bb, and 3Bd. FIG.

[0009] Several embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of components described as embodiments or shown in the drawings are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. For example, expressions expressing relative or absolute arrangements, such as "in a certain direction," "along a certain direction," "parallel," "orthogonal," "center," "concentric," or "coaxial," not only strictly express such arrangements, but also express relative displacements with a tolerance or angle or distance to the extent that the same function is achieved. For example, expressions expressing the equality of things, such as "same," "equal," and "homogeneous," not only express strict equality, but also express tolerance or differences to the extent that the same function is achieved. For example, expressions expressing shapes such as a square or cylindrical shape not only express shapes such as a square or cylindrical shape in the strict geometric sense, but also express shapes including concave and convex portions, chamfered portions, etc., to the extent that the same effect is achieved. On the other hand, the expressions "comprise," "include," "have," "includes," or "have" of one element are not exclusive expressions that exclude the presence of other elements.

[0010] Fig. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a general configuration of an organic Rankine cycle system 2 according to one embodiment. The exemplary organic Rankine cycle system 2 illustrated in Fig. 1 includes a heat medium circulation line 3A, a heat medium circulation line 3B, a high-temperature fluid line 4A, a high-temperature fluid line 4B, a cooling water line 5A, a cooling water line 5B, an evaporator 6A (first evaporator), an evaporator 6B (second evaporator), a turbine 8, a generator 10, a condenser 12A (first condenser), a condenser 12B (second condenser), a pump 14A (first pump), and a pump 14B (second pump).

[0011] Each of the heat medium circulation lines 3A, 3B is composed of piping, and an organic heat medium (hereinafter simply referred to as "heat medium") circulates in each of the heat medium circulation lines 3A, 3B as a working medium. In the heat medium circulation line 3A, an evaporator 6A, a turbine 8, a condenser 12A, and a pump 14A are arranged in this order along the flow direction of the heat medium as a fluid. In the heat medium circulation line 3B, an evaporator 6B, a turbine 8, a condenser 12B, and a pump 14B are arranged in this order along the flow direction of the heat medium. The heat medium circulating in each of the heat medium circulation lines 3A, 3B is the same heat medium, and may be, for example, a refrigerant with a boiling point lower than that of water.

[0012] The evaporator 6A is configured to evaporate the liquid-phase heat medium supplied from the heat medium circulation line 3A by heat exchange with the high-temperature fluid flowing in the high-temperature fluid line 4A. The evaporator 6B is configured to evaporate the liquid-phase heat medium supplied from the heat medium circulation line 3B by heat exchange with the high-temperature fluid flowing in the high-temperature fluid line 4B. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, a portion of the heat medium circulation line 3A downstream of the evaporator 6A and a portion of the heat medium circulation line 3B downstream of the evaporator 6B join together and are connected to the heat medium inlet of the turbine 8. That is, the gas-phase heat medium evaporated in the evaporator 6A and the gas-phase heat medium evaporated in the evaporator 6B join together and are supplied to the turbine 8. The turbine 8 is configured to be driven by the heat medium evaporated in the evaporator 6A and the heat medium evaporated in the evaporator 6B. When the turbine 8 is driven, a generator 10 connected to the turbine 8 generates power.

[0013] The heat medium that has done work in the turbine 8 is supplied to each of the condensers 12A and 12B. The heat medium supplied to the condenser 12A is cooled and condensed by heat exchange with the cooling water flowing in the cooling water line 5A, and the heat medium supplied to the condenser 12B is cooled and condensed by heat exchange with the cooling water flowing in the cooling water line 5B.

[0014] The heat transfer medium (condensate) condensed in the condenser 12A is pressurized by a pump 14A and supplied to the evaporator 6A, where it is re-evaporated by heat exchange with the high-temperature fluid flowing in the high-temperature fluid line 4A and supplied to the turbine 8. The heat transfer medium (condensate) condensed in the condenser 12B is pressurized by a pump 14B and supplied to the evaporator 6B, where it is re-evaporated by heat exchange with the high-temperature fluid flowing in the high-temperature fluid line 4B and supplied to the turbine 8. Note that FIG. 1 shows an example of various process temperatures, such as a cooling water inlet temperature of 30° C. in each of the condensers 12A and 12B, an inlet temperature of 40° C. in each of the pumps 14A and 14B, a high-temperature fluid inlet temperature of 150° C. in each of the evaporators 6A and 6B, a turbine inlet temperature of 100° C., and a turbine outlet temperature of 65° C. However, these temperatures are shown by way of example only and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0015] Fig. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of the layout of each component when a part of the organic Rankine cycle system 2 shown in Fig. 1 is viewed from a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the turbine 8. Fig. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of the layout of each component when viewed from direction E in Fig. 2.

[0016] 2 , the turbine 8 includes a turbine rotor 32 and a turbine casing 34 that houses the turbine rotor 32. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the turbine 8 includes a first stage 28 and a second stage 29, and each of the first stage 28 and the second stage 29 includes a plurality of stator vanes 30 provided in the turbine casing 34 at intervals in the circumferential direction of the turbine rotor 32, and a plurality of rotor blades 31 provided in the turbine rotor 32 at intervals in the circumferential direction of the turbine rotor 32. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the turbine casing 34 includes a turbine inlet casing 36 that forms the heat medium inlet 24 in the turbine 8, and a turbine exhaust chamber casing 38 that forms exhaust chamber outlets 26A, 26B that are outlets for the heat medium in the turbine 8.

[0017] In the following description, unless otherwise specified, "axial direction" means the axial direction of the turbine 8 (axial direction of the turbine rotor 32), "radial direction" means the radial direction of the turbine 8 (radial direction of the turbine rotor 32), and "circumferential direction" means the circumferential direction of the turbine 8 (circumferential direction of the turbine rotor 32). Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, "upper" means above in the vertical direction, and "lower" means below in the vertical direction, unless otherwise specified.

[0018] 2 and 3, the heat medium circulation line 3A includes a pipe 3Aa connecting the evaporator 6A and the turbine 8, a pipe 3Ab connecting the turbine 8 and the condenser 12A, and a pipe 3Ac connecting the condenser 12A and the evaporator 6A. As shown in Fig. 3, the pipe 3Ab includes an inclined pipe section 20A extending downward as it moves radially outward.

[0019] 2 and 3 , the heat medium circulation line 3B includes a pipe 3Ba connecting the evaporator 6B and the turbine 8, a pipe 3Bb connecting the turbine 8 and the condenser 12B, and a pipe 3Bc connecting the condenser 12A and the evaporator 6B. As shown in Fig. 3 , the pipe 3Bb includes an inclined pipe section 20B extending downward as it moves radially outward. The pipe 3Aa and the pipe 3Ba are connected, and as described above, the heat medium discharged from the evaporator 6A to the pipe 3Aa and the heat medium discharged from the evaporator 6B to the pipe 3Ba are joined together and then supplied to the turbine 8.

[0020] In the example shown in FIG. 2 , the pipe 3Ab connects the exhaust chamber outlet 26A of the turbine 8 to a heat medium inlet 62 (first heat medium inlet) formed in an upper part of one end face 60 of the condenser 12A in the axial direction. The pipe 3Bb connects the exhaust chamber outlet 26B of the turbine 8 to a heat medium inlet 62 (second heat medium inlet) formed in an upper part of one end face 60 of the condenser 12B in the axial direction. The pipe 3Ac connects a heat medium outlet 68 formed in a lower part of one end face 60 of the condenser 12A to a heat medium inlet 70 of the evaporator 6A. The pipe 3Bc connects a heat medium outlet 68 formed in a lower part of one end face 60 of the condenser 12B to a heat medium inlet 70 of the evaporator 6B. The pipes 3Ab and 3Bb constitute a piping system 15 that connects the turbine exhaust chamber 40 to the multiple condensers 12A and 12B.

[0021] 2, each of the condensers 12A, 12B is a plate-type heat exchanger, and in the illustrated example, includes a plurality of plates 16 arranged at intervals in the axial direction. Each of the plurality of plates 16 of the condenser 12A is formed in a flat plate shape along a plane perpendicular to the axial direction, and the interior space of the condenser 12A is partitioned in the axial direction by the plurality of plates 16 into a plurality of space portions aligned in the axial direction. A heat medium supplied from a pipe 3Ab and a cooling water supplied from a pipe (not shown in the figure, which constitutes the cooling water line 5A in FIG. 1) are supplied to adjacent space portions across the plates 16, whereby heat exchange between the high-temperature heat medium and the low-temperature cooling water occurs, causing the heat medium to condense. Each of the multiple plates 16 of the condenser 12B is formed in a flat shape along a plane perpendicular to the axial direction, and the internal space of the condenser 12B is partitioned in the axial direction by the multiple plates 16 and divided into multiple space sections aligned in the axial direction. The heat medium supplied from the piping 3Bb and the cooling water supplied from a piping not shown (the piping that constitutes the cooling water line 5B in Figure 1) are supplied to adjacent space sections across the plate 16, whereby heat exchange occurs between the high-temperature heat medium and the low-temperature cooling water, causing the heat medium to condense.

[0022] Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the turbine exhaust chamber casing 38 shown in Fig. 2. As shown in Fig. 4, the turbine exhaust chamber casing 38 defines an annular turbine exhaust chamber 40 therein, into which the heat transfer medium flows after passing through the rotor blades 31 of the second stage 29 (see Fig. 2), which is the final stage of the turbine 8. The turbine exhaust chamber casing 38 includes an annular outer peripheral wall 38a and an annular inner peripheral wall 38b located radially inside the outer peripheral wall 38a, and the turbine exhaust chamber 40 is formed between the outer peripheral wall 38a and the inner peripheral wall 38b in the radial direction. The outer peripheral wall 38a and the inner peripheral wall 38b are connected on the side opposite to the turbine inlet casing 36 in the axial direction.

[0023] As shown in Fig. 4, a plurality of exhaust chamber outlets (two exhaust chamber outlets 26A, 26B in the illustrated example) for discharging the heat medium radially outward from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 are formed in the outer peripheral wall 38a of the turbine exhaust chamber casing 38. As shown in Fig. 4, a plurality of flange portions (two flange portions 25A, 25B in the illustrated example) are formed in the outer peripheral wall 38a of the turbine exhaust chamber casing 38, and the exhaust chamber outlet 26A (exhaust chamber first outlet) is formed on the central axis of the annular flange portion 25A, and the exhaust chamber outlet 26B (exhaust chamber second outlet) is formed on the central axis of the annular flange portion 25B.

[0024] A flange portion 44A formed on the inclined piping portion 20A of the piping 3Ab is connected to the flange portion 25A with a plurality of bolts 42, and the heat medium that flows from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 through the exhaust chamber outlet 26A into the inclined piping portion 20A of the piping 3Ab of the heat medium circulation line 3A is supplied to the condenser 12A (see FIG. 3, etc.) through the piping 3Ab.

[0025] A flange portion 44B formed on the inclined piping portion 20B of the piping 3Bb is connected to the flange portion 25B with a plurality of bolts 42, and the heat medium that flows from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 through the exhaust chamber outlet 26B into the inclined piping portion 20B of the piping 3Bb of the heat medium circulation line 3B is supplied to the condenser 12B (see FIG. 3, etc.) through the piping 3Bb.

[0026] 4 , an upper end 26Aa of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A is located below the rotation axis O (hereinafter simply referred to as the “rotation axis O”) of the turbine rotor 32, and a lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A is located below the rotation axis O. An upper end 26Ba of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B is located below the rotation axis O, and a lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B is located below the rotation axis O. The upper end 26Aa of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A is the upper end of the inner circumferential edge of the surface of the flange portion 25A that faces the adjacent flange portion 44A, and the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A is the lower end of the inner circumferential edge of the surface of the flange portion 25A that faces the adjacent flange portion 44A. In addition, the upper end 26Ba of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B is the upper end of the inner peripheral edge of the surface of the flange portion 25B facing the adjacent flange portion 44B, and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B is the lower end of the inner peripheral edge of the surface of the flange portion 25B facing the adjacent flange portion 44B.

[0027] 4 , the exhaust chamber outlet 26A is located below the rotation axis O and on one side of a vertical plane H (hereinafter simply referred to as the "vertical plane H") that includes the rotation axis O, and the exhaust chamber outlet 26B is located below the rotation axis O and on the other side (opposite the exhaust chamber outlet 26A) of the vertical plane H. In other words, the exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B are located below the rotation axis O, and the exhaust chamber outlet 26B is located on the opposite side of the vertical plane H to the exhaust chamber outlet 26A. In the illustrated example, the turbine exhaust chamber casing 38 has a shape that is plane-symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane H, and the exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B are arranged plane-symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane H.

[0028] 4 , in a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis O, a bottom surface 50 of the turbine exhaust chamber 40 includes a connection line 52 connecting the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B. The connection line 52 includes a first connection line portion 52A connecting a midpoint P0 of the connection line 52 to the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and a second connection line portion 52B connecting the midpoint P0 of the connection line 52 to the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B. The bottom surface 50 of the turbine exhaust chamber 40 refers to the surface of the inner circumferential wall 38b that faces the outer circumferential wall 38a. Here, if the highest position of the first connection line portion 52A is defined as a first position P1 and the highest position of the second connection line portion 52B is defined as a second position P2, each of the first position P1 and the second position P2 is located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32. Furthermore, the highest positions on the connection line 52 (first position P1 and second position P2 in the example shown in FIG. 4 ) are located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32. The lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32 refers to the lower end of the circular path (the dashed circle in FIG. 4 ) followed by the tips of the rotor blades 31 (see FIG. 2 ) of the turbine rotor 32 when the turbine rotor 32 rotates. The tips of the rotor blades 31 refer to the outer ends of the rotor blades 31 in the radial direction.

[0029] Here, the effects of the above-described embodiment will be described. The turbine exhaust chamber casing 38 is formed with multiple exhaust chamber outlets 26A, 26B for discharging the heat medium radially outward from the turbine exhaust chamber 40. This eliminates the need to branch the pipe 3Ab, which supplies the heat medium from the exhaust chamber outlet 26A to the condenser 12A, and the pipe 3Bb, which supplies the heat medium from the exhaust chamber outlet 26B to the condenser 12B, midway. Therefore, even when multiple condensers 12A, 12B are provided downstream of the turbine 8, it is possible to suppress an increase in pressure loss in the piping system 15 while suppressing an increase in size of the piping system 15 connecting the turbine exhaust chamber 40 and the multiple condensers 12A, 12B.

[0030] In the organic Rankine cycle system 2, the heat transfer medium that has passed through the final stage of the turbine 8 may become a two-phase flow containing a gas phase and a liquid phase, and as shown in FIG. 5 , a pool K of condensed liquid may form at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber 40.

[0031] In this regard, according to the turbine exhaust chamber casing 38, the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A are located below the rotation axis O, and therefore, compared to a case where the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A are located above the rotation axis O, it is possible to reduce the risk of a state in which most of the turbine rotor 32 is immersed in the liquid pool K. This makes it possible to suppress an increase in liquid mixing loss caused by the turbine rotor 32 mixing the liquid in the liquid pool K when the turbine rotor 32 rotates, and improve the robustness of turbine performance against moisture.

[0032] Furthermore, because the upper end 26Aa of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the upper end 26Ba of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B are located above the rotation axis O, the risk of most of the turbine rotor 32 being immersed in the liquid pool K can be reduced compared to when the upper end 26Aa of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the upper end 26Ba of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B are located below the rotation axis O. This makes it possible to suppress an increase in the liquid mixing loss and improve the robustness of turbine performance against moisture.

[0033] Furthermore, because the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B are positioned below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32, the risk of the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32 being immersed in the liquid pool K (see FIG. 6 ) can be reduced compared to when the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B are positioned above the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32. This makes it possible to suppress an increase in the liquid mixing loss and improve the robustness of turbine performance against moisture.

[0034] Furthermore, by positioning at least one of the first position P1 and the second position P2 described above below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32, it is possible to geometrically prevent the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32 from being immersed in the liquid pool K (see FIG. 6 ) while the heat medium is being discharged from the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the exhaust chamber outlet 26B. This makes it possible to suppress the occurrence of the liquid mixing loss and improve the robustness of the turbine performance against moisture.

[0035] Furthermore, even in a state where it is no longer possible to discharge the heat medium from one of the exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B (a state where the operation of one of the condensers 12A, 12B has stopped), both the first position P1 and the second position P2 are located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32 (i.e., the highest point on the connection line 52 is located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32), making it possible to geometrically prevent the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32 from being immersed in the liquid pool K (see FIG. 6 ). This makes it possible to suppress the occurrence of the liquid mixing loss and improve the robustness of the turbine performance against humidity.

[0036] Fig. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating a modified layout of each component of a part of the organic Rankine cycle system 2 shown in Fig. 1 when viewed from a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the turbine 8. Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the turbine exhaust chamber casing 38 shown in Fig. 7.

[0037] In the configuration shown in Figures 7 and 8 , symbols common to those in the configuration described using Figures 2 to 5 indicate the same configuration as that shown in Figures 2 to 5 unless otherwise specified, and description thereof will be omitted. The turbine exhaust chamber casing 38 described using Figures 2 to 5 has two exhaust chamber outlets 26A, 26B for discharging the heat medium radially outward from the turbine exhaust chamber 40, whereas the turbine exhaust chamber casing 38 shown in Figures 7 and 8 differs from the turbine exhaust chamber casing 38 shown in Figures 2 to 5 in that it has four exhaust chamber outlets 26A, 26B, 26C, 26D for discharging the heat medium radially outward from the turbine exhaust chamber 40. Furthermore, while the configuration shown in Figure 2 supplies the heat medium to each of the condensers 12A, 12B from one side in the axial direction, the configuration shown in Figure 7 differs from the configuration shown in Figure 2 in that the heat medium is supplied to each of the condensers 12A, 12B from both sides in the axial direction.

[0038] 7 and 8 , the heat medium circulation line 3A includes a pipe 3Ab (first pipe below the exhaust chamber) and a pipe 3Ad (first pipe above the exhaust chamber) as pipes for supplying the heat medium from the turbine 8 to the condenser 12A. The pipe 3Ab connects the exhaust chamber outlet 26A of the turbine 8 to a heat medium inlet 62 (first heat medium inlet) formed on one end face 60 (see FIG. 7 ) of the condenser 12A in the axial direction. The pipe 3Ad connects the exhaust chamber outlet 26C of the turbine 8 to a heat medium inlet 66 (third heat medium inlet) formed on the other end face 64 (see FIG. 7 ) of the condenser 12A in the axial direction.

[0039] The heat medium circulation line 3B also includes a pipe 3Bb (second pipe below the exhaust chamber) and a pipe 3Bd (second pipe above the exhaust chamber) as pipes for supplying the heat medium from the turbine 8 to the condenser 12B. The pipe 3Bb connects an exhaust chamber outlet 26B of the turbine 8 to a heat medium inlet 62 (second heat medium inlet) formed on an end face 60 (see FIG. 7 ) on one side of the condenser 12B in the axial direction. The pipe 3Bd connects an exhaust chamber outlet 26D of the turbine 8 to a heat medium inlet 66 (fourth heat medium inlet) formed on an end face 64 (see FIG. 7 ) on the other side of the condenser 12B in the axial direction. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , the pipes 3Ab, 3Bb, 3Ad, and 3Bd constitute a piping system 15 that connects the turbine exhaust chamber 40 to the plurality of condensers 12A, 12B.

[0040] 8 , the exhaust chamber outlet 26A (exhaust chamber first outlet) is located below the rotation axis O and on one side of a vertical plane H that includes the rotation axis O, and the exhaust chamber outlet 26B (exhaust chamber second outlet) is located below the rotation axis O and on the other side of the vertical plane H. Furthermore, the exhaust chamber outlet 26C (exhaust chamber third outlet) is located above the rotation axis O and on the one side of the vertical plane H (the same side as the exhaust chamber outlet 26A), and the exhaust chamber outlet 26D (exhaust chamber fourth outlet) is located above the rotation axis O and on the other side of the vertical plane H (the same side as the exhaust chamber outlet 26B). In the illustrated example, the turbine exhaust chamber casing 38 has a shape that is plane-symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane H, and the exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B are arranged plane-symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane H, and the exhaust chamber outlets 26C and 26D are arranged plane-symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane H.

[0041] In the exemplary embodiment shown in Fig. 8, four flange portions 25A, 25B, 25C, and 25D are formed on the outer peripheral wall 38a of the turbine exhaust chamber casing 38. An exhaust chamber outlet 26A is formed on the central axis of the annular flange portion 25A. An exhaust chamber outlet 26B is formed on the central axis of the annular flange portion 25B. An exhaust chamber outlet 26C is formed on the central axis of the annular flange portion 25C. An exhaust chamber outlet 26D is formed on the central axis of the annular flange portion 25D. As shown in Fig. 8, the piping 3Ab includes an inclined piping portion 20A extending radially downward as the distance from the vertical plane H increases. The piping 3Bb includes an inclined piping portion 20B extending radially downward as the distance from the vertical plane H increases. The piping 3Ad includes an inclined piping portion 20C extending radially upward as the distance from the vertical plane H increases. The pipe 3Bd includes an inclined pipe section 20D that extends radially upward as the distance from the vertical plane H increases.

[0042] A flange portion 44A formed on the inclined piping portion 20A of the piping 3Ab is connected to the flange portion 25A with a plurality of bolts 42, and the heat medium that flows from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 through the exhaust chamber outlet 26A into the inclined piping portion 20A of the piping 3Ab of the heat medium circulation line 3A is supplied to the heat medium inlet 62 (see FIG. 7, etc.) of the condenser 12A through the piping 3Ab.

[0043] A flange portion 44B formed on the inclined piping portion 20B of the piping 3Bb is connected to the flange portion 25B with a plurality of bolts 42, and the heat medium that flows from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 through the exhaust chamber outlet 26B into the inclined piping portion 20B of the piping 3Bb of the heat medium circulation line 3B is supplied to the heat medium inlet 62 (see FIG. 7, etc.) of the condenser 12B through the piping 3Bb.

[0044] A flange portion 44C formed on the inclined piping portion 20C of the piping 3Ad is connected to the flange portion 25C with a plurality of bolts 42, and the heat medium that flows from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 through the exhaust chamber outlet 26C into the inclined piping portion 20C of the piping 3Ad of the heat medium circulation line 3B is supplied to the heat medium inlet 66 (see FIG. 7, etc.) of the condenser 12A through the piping 3Ad.

[0045] A flange portion 44D formed on the inclined piping portion 20D of the piping 3Bd is connected to the flange portion 25D with a plurality of bolts 42, and the heat medium that flows from the turbine exhaust chamber 40 through the exhaust chamber outlet 26D into the inclined piping portion 20D of the piping 3Bd of the heat medium circulation line 3B is supplied to the heat medium inlet 66 (see FIG. 7, etc.) of the condenser 12B through the piping 3Bd.

[0046] 8 , the upper end 26Aa of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A is located below the rotation axis O, and the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A is located below the rotation axis O. Furthermore, the upper end 26Ba of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B is located below the rotation axis O, and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B is located below the rotation axis O.

[0047] 8 , in a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis O, the bottom surface 50 of the turbine exhaust chamber 40 includes a connection line 52 connecting the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B, and the connection line 52 includes a first connection line portion 52A connecting a midpoint P0 of the connection line 52 to the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and a second connection line portion 52B connecting the midpoint P0 of the connection line 52 to the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B. Here, if the highest position of the first connection line portion 52A is defined as a first position P1 and the highest position of the second connection line portion 52B is defined as a second position P2, each of the first position P1 and the second position P2 is located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32. Here, when the highest position of the first connection line portion 52A exists over a predetermined range, the portion of the first connection line portion 52A that belongs to the predetermined range may be located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32. Furthermore, when the highest position of the second connection line portion 52B exists over a predetermined range, the portion of the second connection line portion 52B that belongs to the predetermined range may be located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32.

[0048] 7 and 8, in addition to the effects achieved by the embodiments described using Figures 1 to 5, etc., even if the operation of one of the condensers 12A and 12B stops, the turbine 8 can continue to operate while reducing the risk of the turbine rotor 32 becoming immersed in a pool of condensed liquid, thereby suppressing an increase in the liquid mixing loss. This effect will be described in comparison with the embodiment shown in Figure 9.

[0049] 9 , if the pipe 3Ab connected to the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the pipe 3Bb connected to the exhaust chamber outlet 26B are connected to the condenser 12A, and the pipe 3Ad connected to the exhaust chamber outlet 26C and the pipe 3Bd connected to the exhaust chamber outlet 26D are connected to the condenser 12B, and if the operation of only the condenser 12A of the condensers 12A and 12B stops, the heat medium will no longer be discharged from the exhaust chamber outlets 26A and 26B, causing the liquid level of the condensed liquid pool in the turbine exhaust chamber 40 to rise and immerse the turbine rotor 32 in the pool. This increases the liquid mixing loss and reduces turbine performance.

[0050] In contrast, according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , even if the operation of the condenser 12A stops and the heat transfer medium cannot be discharged from the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the exhaust chamber outlet 26C, if the operation of the condenser 12B continues and the heat transfer medium can be discharged from the exhaust chamber outlet 26B and the exhaust chamber outlet 26D, the condensed liquid at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber 40 is discharged from the exhaust chamber outlet 26B. Furthermore, even if the operation of the condenser 12B stops and the heat transfer medium cannot be discharged from the exhaust chamber outlet 26B and the exhaust chamber outlet 26D, if the operation of the condenser 12A continues and the heat transfer medium can be discharged from the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the exhaust chamber outlet 26C, the condensed liquid at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber is discharged from the exhaust chamber outlet 26A. Therefore, even if the operation of one of the condensers 12A and 12B stops, the turbine 8 can continue to operate while suppressing an increase in the liquid mixing loss. This improves the robustness of the turbine performance against humidity.

[0051] The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but also includes modifications to the above-described embodiments and appropriate combinations of these modifications.

[0052] For example, the organic Rankine cycle system 2 may be a hermetic gearless oil-free system that uses magnetic bearings that do not use oil for the turbine bearings and various seals. This allows for a more compact system, and by not using oil, the exhaust gas from the turbine 8 remains single-phase under rated conditions, eliminating the liquid mixing loss described above.

[0053] Furthermore, for example, in each of the above-described embodiments, the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the exhaust chamber outlet 26B are disposed symmetrically with respect to the vertical plane H. However, the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the exhaust chamber outlet 26B do not have to be symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane H. For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, one of the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B may be located below the rotation axis O, and the other of the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B may be located above the rotation axis O. Furthermore, one of the upper end 26Aa of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the upper end 26Ba of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B may be located below the rotation axis O, and the other of the upper end 26Aa of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the upper end 26Ba of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B may be located above the rotation axis O. In addition, one of the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B may be located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32, and the other of the lower end 26Ab of the exhaust chamber outlet 26A and the lower end 26Bb of the exhaust chamber outlet 26B may be located above the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32.

[0054] In each of the above-described embodiments, the first position P1, which is the highest position of the first connection line portion 52A, and the second position P2, which is the highest position of the second connection line portion 52B, may be at different heights. For example, one of the first position P1 and the second position P2 may be located below the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32, and the other of the first position P1 and the second position P2 may be located above the lower end 54 of the turbine rotor 32.

[0055] In addition, although the organic Rankine cycle system 2 including two evaporators 6A and 6B has been exemplified in each of the above-described embodiments, the organic Rankine cycle system 2 may include only one evaporator. For example, in Figures 1, 2, 7, etc., piping may be configured so that the condensed liquids condensed in the condenser 12A and the condenser 12B are joined together and then supplied to one evaporator. In this case, the number of pumps for pressurizing the condensed liquids condensed in the condensers 12A and 12B and supplying them to the evaporators may be one.

[0056] Furthermore, in each of the embodiments shown in Figures 2 and 7, a turbine 8 having a first stage 28 and a second stage 29 is exemplified, but the number of stages that the turbine 8 has is not limited, and the turbine 8 may have only one stage, or may have three or more stages.

[0057] The contents described in each of the above embodiments can be understood, for example, as follows.

[0058] [1] A turbine exhaust chamber casing (e.g., the above-mentioned turbine exhaust chamber casing 38) according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is a turbine exhaust chamber casing that forms a turbine exhaust chamber (e.g., the above-mentioned turbine exhaust chamber 40) into which a heat transfer medium flows that has passed through the moving blades (e.g., the moving blades 31 of the above-mentioned second stage 29) of a turbine (e.g., the above-mentioned turbine 8), and is provided with a plurality of exhaust chamber outlets (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlets 26A, 26B, 26C, 26D) for discharging the heat transfer medium from the turbine exhaust chamber toward the outside in the radial direction of the turbine rotor.

[0059] According to the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in [1] above, since a plurality of exhaust chamber outlets are formed for discharging the heat medium from the turbine exhaust chamber toward the outside in the radial direction of the turbine rotor, when the heat medium is supplied from the turbine exhaust chamber to a plurality of condensers, it is not necessary to branch the piping that supplies the heat medium from the exhaust chamber outlets to the condensers along the way. Therefore, even when a plurality of condensers are provided downstream of the turbine, it is possible to suppress an increase in the size of the piping system connecting the turbine exhaust chamber and the plurality of condensers and to suppress an increase in pressure loss in the piping system.

[0060] [2] In some embodiments, the turbine exhaust chamber casing according to the above item [1] includes a plurality of flange portions (for example, the above-mentioned flange portions 25A, 25B, 25C, and 25D) that respectively form the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets.

[0061] According to the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in [2] above, even when a plurality of condensers are provided downstream of the turbine, there is no need to branch the piping connected to the flange portion (the piping that supplies the heat medium from the exhaust chamber outlet to the condensers). This makes it possible to suppress an increase in the size of the piping system connecting the turbine exhaust chamber and the plurality of condensers while also suppressing an increase in pressure loss in the piping system.

[0062] [3] In some embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in [1] or [2] above, a lower end (e.g., the above-mentioned lower end 26Ab, 26Bb) of at least one of the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlets 26A, 26B) is located below the rotational axis (e.g., the above-mentioned rotational axis O) of the turbine rotor of the turbine.

[0063] When the heat transfer medium passing through the turbine rotor is a two-phase flow containing gas and liquid, a liquid pool may form at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber. In this regard, according to the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in [3] above, the lower end of at least one of the multiple exhaust chamber outlets is located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor, thereby reducing the risk of a state in which a large portion of the turbine rotor is immersed in liquid. This suppresses an increase in liquid mixing loss caused by the turbine rotor mixing the liquid during rotation, thereby improving the robustness of turbine performance against humidity.

[0064] [4] In some embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in any of [1] to [3] above, an upper end (e.g., the above-mentioned upper ends 26Aa, 26Ba) of at least one of the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlets 26A, 26B) is located below the rotational axis of the turbine rotor of the turbine.

[0065] If the heat transfer medium passing through the turbine rotor is a two-phase flow containing gas and liquid, a liquid pool may form at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber. In this regard, the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in [4] above can reduce the risk of a large portion of the turbine rotor being submerged in liquid compared to the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in [3] above. This can suppress an increase in liquid mixing loss caused by the turbine rotor mixing the liquid as the turbine rotor rotates, thereby improving the robustness of turbine performance against humidity.

[0066] [5] In some embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in any of [1] to [4] above, the lower end (e.g., the above-mentioned lower end 26Ab, 26Bb) of at least one of the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlets 26A, 26B) is located below the lower end (e.g., the above-mentioned lower end 54) of the turbine rotor of the turbine.

[0067] When the heat transfer medium passing through the turbine rotor is a two-phase flow containing gas and liquid, a liquid pool may form at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber. In this regard, the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in [5] above can reduce the risk of the lower end of the turbine rotor being submerged in liquid. This can suppress an increase in liquid mixing loss caused by the turbine rotor mixing the liquid during rotation of the turbine rotor, thereby improving the robustness of turbine performance against humidity.

[0068] [6] In some embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in any of [1] to [5] above, the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include an exhaust chamber first outlet (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlet 26A) located below a rotation axis (e.g., the above-mentioned rotation axis O) of a turbine rotor of the turbine and on one side of a vertical plane (e.g., the above-mentioned vertical plane H) including the rotation axis, and an exhaust chamber second outlet (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlet 26B) located below the rotation axis and on the opposite side to the exhaust chamber first outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, and in a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis, a bottom surface of the turbine exhaust chamber includes a connection line (e.g., the above-mentioned connection line 52) connecting a lower end of the exhaust chamber first outlet (e.g., the above-mentioned lower end 26Ab) and a lower end of the exhaust chamber second outlet (e.g., the above-mentioned lower end 26Bb), In a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis, the connection line includes a first connection line portion (e.g., the above-mentioned first connection line portion 52A) connecting the midpoint of the connection line (e.g., the above-mentioned midpoint P0) and the lower end of the first exhaust chamber outlet, and a second connection line portion (e.g., the above-mentioned second connection line portion 52B) connecting the midpoint of the connection line and the lower end of the second exhaust chamber outlet, and if the highest position of the first connection line portion is defined as a first position (e.g., the above-mentioned first position P1) and the highest position of the second connection line portion is defined as a second position (e.g., the above-mentioned second position P2), at least one of the first position and the second position is located below the lower end of the turbine rotor (e.g., the above-mentioned lower end 54).

[0069] When the heat transfer medium passing through the turbine rotor is a two-phase flow containing gas and liquid, a liquid pool may form at the bottom of the turbine exhaust duct. Furthermore, when the heat transfer medium is discharged from the first exhaust duct outlet and the second exhaust duct outlet, the liquid only accumulates in the turbine exhaust duct up to the lower of the first and second positions (or, if the first and second positions are at the same height, the lower position). Therefore, by positioning at least one of the first and second positions below the lower end of the turbine rotor as described in [6] above, it is possible to geometrically prevent the lower end of the turbine rotor from being submerged in liquid when the heat transfer medium is discharged from the first exhaust duct outlet and the second exhaust duct outlet. This suppresses liquid mixing loss caused by the turbine rotor mixing the liquid during rotation, thereby improving the robustness of turbine performance against humidity.

[0070] [7] In some embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in any of [1] to [6] above, the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include an exhaust chamber first outlet (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlet 26A) located below a rotation axis (e.g., the above-mentioned rotation axis O) of a turbine rotor of the turbine and on one side of a vertical plane (e.g., the above-mentioned vertical plane H) including the rotation axis, and an exhaust chamber second outlet (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlet 26B) located below the rotation axis and on the opposite side to the exhaust chamber first outlet in the vertical plane including the rotation axis, and in a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis, a bottom surface (e.g., the above-mentioned bottom surface 50) of the turbine exhaust chamber includes a connection line (e.g., the above-mentioned connection line 52) connecting the exhaust chamber first outlet and the exhaust chamber second outlet, and the highest position of the connection line (e.g., the above-mentioned positions P1 and P2) is located below a lower end of the turbine rotor (e.g., the above-mentioned lower end 54).

[0071] When the heat transfer medium passing through the turbine rotor is a two-phase flow containing gas and liquid, a liquid pool may form at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber. In this regard, according to the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in [7] above, the highest point of the connection line is located below the lower end of the turbine rotor. Therefore, even in a state where the heat transfer medium cannot be discharged from one of the first exhaust chamber outlet and the second exhaust chamber outlet (for example, a state where one of two condensers provided downstream of the turbine is stopped), the lower end of the turbine rotor can be geometrically prevented from being submerged in liquid. This suppresses the occurrence of liquid mixing loss caused by the turbine rotor mixing the liquid during rotation, thereby improving the robustness of turbine performance against humidity.

[0072] [8] In some embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in any of [1] to [7] above, the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include an exhaust chamber first outlet (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlet 26A) located below the rotation axis (e.g., the above-mentioned rotation axis O) of the turbine rotor of the turbine and on one side of a vertical plane (e.g., the above-mentioned vertical plane H) including the rotation axis, and an exhaust chamber second outlet (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlet 26B) located below the rotation axis and on the opposite side to the exhaust chamber first outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, and the exhaust chamber first outlet and the exhaust chamber second outlet are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis.

[0073] According to the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in [8] above, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of asymmetric flow in the turbine, while reducing the risk of a state in which a large portion of the turbine rotor is immersed in liquid, thereby suppressing an increase in liquid mixing loss caused by the turbine rotor mixing the liquid, thereby improving the robustness of turbine performance against humidity.

[0074] [9] In some embodiments, in the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in any of [1] to [8] above, the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include an exhaust chamber first outlet (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlet 26A) located below the rotation axis (e.g., the above-mentioned rotation axis O) of a turbine rotor of the turbine and on one side of a vertical plane (e.g., the above-mentioned vertical plane H) including the rotation axis, an exhaust chamber second outlet (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlet 26B) located below the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the exhaust chamber first outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, an exhaust chamber third outlet (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlet 26C) located above the rotation axis and on the one side of the vertical plane including the rotation axis, and a exhaust chamber fourth outlet (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlet 26D) located above the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the exhaust chamber third outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis.

[0075] The turbine exhaust chamber casing described in [9] above can reduce the risk of a state in which a large portion of the turbine rotor is submerged in liquid, thereby suppressing an increase in liquid mixing loss caused by the turbine rotor mixing the liquid during rotation of the turbine rotor and improving the robustness of turbine performance against moisture.

[0076]

[10] A turbine according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a turbine rotor (for example, the turbine rotor 32 described above) and the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in any one of [1] to [9] above.

[0077] According to the turbine described in

[10] above, since the turbine exhaust chamber casing described in any one of [1] to [9] above is provided, even in the case where a plurality of condensers are provided downstream of the turbine, it is possible to suppress an increase in the size of the piping system connecting the turbine exhaust chamber and the plurality of condensers, while suppressing an increase in pressure loss in the piping system.

[0078]

[11] An organic Rankine cycle system according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure (e.g., the organic Rankine cycle system 2 described above) includes: at least one evaporator (e.g., the evaporators 6A and 6B described above) for evaporating an organic heat medium; a turbine (e.g., the turbine 8 described above) driven by the heat medium evaporated in the at least one evaporator; a plurality of condensers (e.g., the condensers 12A and 12B described above) for condensing the heat medium discharged from the turbine; and at least one pump (e.g., the pumps 14A and 14B described above) for pressurizing the heat medium condensed in the plurality of condensers and supplying the pressurized heat medium to the at least one evaporator, wherein the turbine is the turbine described in

[10] above.

[0079] According to the organic Rankine cycle system described in

[11] above, it is possible to suppress an increase in the size of the piping system connecting the turbine exhaust chamber and the plurality of condensers, while suppressing an increase in pressure loss in the piping system.

[0080]

[12] In some embodiments, in the organic Rankine cycle system described in

[11] above, the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include an exhaust chamber first outlet (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlet 26A) located below a rotation axis of the turbine rotor (e.g., the above-mentioned rotation axis O) and on one side of a vertical plane (e.g., the above-mentioned vertical plane H) including the rotation axis, and an exhaust chamber second outlet (e.g., the above-mentioned exhaust chamber outlet 26B) located below the rotation axis and on the opposite side to the exhaust chamber first outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis; the plurality of condensers include a first condenser (e.g., the above-mentioned condenser 12A) and a second condenser (e.g., the above-mentioned condenser 12B); and the organic Rankine cycle system further includes an exhaust chamber lower first pipe (e.g., the above-mentioned pipe 3Ab) that supplies the heat medium from the exhaust chamber first outlet to the first condenser, and an exhaust chamber lower second pipe (e.g., the above-mentioned pipe 3Bb) that supplies the heat medium from the exhaust chamber second outlet to the second condenser.

[0081] According to the organic Rankine cycle system described in

[12] above, even in a state where the heat transfer medium cannot be discharged from one of the first exhaust chamber outlet and the second exhaust chamber outlet (for example, a state where one of the first condenser and the second condenser is stopped), the risk of a state where a large part of the turbine rotor is immersed in liquid can be reduced, and an increase in liquid mixing loss caused by the turbine rotor mixing the liquid can be suppressed. As a result, the robustness of the turbine performance against humidity can be improved.

[0082]

[13] In some embodiments, in the organic Rankine cycle system according to

[11] above, the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include an exhaust chamber first outlet (e.g., the exhaust chamber outlet 26A described above) located below a rotation axis of the turbine rotor (e.g., the rotation axis O described above) and on one side of a vertical plane (e.g., the vertical plane H described above) including the rotation axis, an exhaust chamber second outlet (e.g., the exhaust chamber outlet 26B described above) located below the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the exhaust chamber first outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, an exhaust chamber third outlet (e.g., the exhaust chamber outlet 26C described above) located above the rotation axis and on the one side of the vertical plane including the rotation axis, and an exhaust chamber fourth outlet (e.g., the exhaust chamber outlet 26D described above) located above the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the exhaust chamber third outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, and the plurality of condensers include a first condenser (e.g., the condenser 12A described above) and a second condenser (e.g., the condenser 12B described above), The organic Rankine cycle system further includes a first pipe below the exhaust chamber (for example, the pipe 3Ab described above) that supplies the heat medium from the first outlet of the exhaust chamber to the first condenser, a first pipe above the exhaust chamber (for example, the pipe 3Ad described above) that supplies the heat medium from the third outlet of the exhaust chamber to the first condenser, a second pipe below the exhaust chamber (for example, the pipe 3Bb described above) that supplies the heat medium from the second outlet of the exhaust chamber to the second condenser, and a second pipe above the exhaust chamber (for example, the pipe 3Bd described above) that supplies the heat medium from the fourth outlet of the exhaust chamber to the second condenser.

[0083] According to the organic Rankine cycle system described in

[13] above, even if the operation of the first condenser stops and the heat transfer medium cannot be discharged from the exhaust chamber first outlet and the exhaust chamber third outlet, if the operation of the second condenser continues and the heat transfer medium can be discharged from the exhaust chamber second outlet and the exhaust chamber fourth outlet, the liquid at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber is discharged from the exhaust chamber second outlet. Furthermore, even if the operation of the second condenser stops and the heat transfer medium cannot be discharged from the exhaust chamber second outlet and the exhaust chamber fourth outlet, if the operation of the first condenser continues and the heat transfer medium can be discharged from the exhaust chamber first outlet and the exhaust chamber third outlet, the liquid at the bottom of the turbine exhaust chamber is discharged from the exhaust chamber first outlet. Therefore, even if the operation of one of the first and second condensers stops, the turbine can continue to operate while reducing the risk of a state in which a large portion of the turbine rotor is submerged in liquid, thereby suppressing an increase in liquid mixing loss due to the turbine rotor mixing liquid. This improves the robustness of turbine performance against humidity.

[0084]

[14] In some embodiments, in the organic Rankine cycle system according to

[13] , the first condenser is a plate heat exchanger having a plurality of plates arranged at intervals in a first direction, and the second condenser is a plate heat exchanger having a plurality of plates arranged at intervals in a second direction, The first exhaust chamber lower piping is connected to a first heat medium inlet (e.g., the heat medium inlet 62 of the condenser 12A) formed on one end face of the first condenser in the first direction (e.g., the end face 60 of the condenser 12A described above), the second exhaust chamber lower piping is connected to a second heat medium inlet (e.g., the heat medium inlet 62 of the condenser 12B described above) formed on one end face of the second condenser in the second direction (e.g., the end face 60 of the condenser 12B described above), the first exhaust chamber upper piping is connected to a third heat medium inlet (e.g., the heat medium inlet 66 of the condenser 12A described above) formed on the other end face of the first condenser in the first direction (e.g., the end face 64 of the condenser 12A described above), and the second exhaust chamber upper piping is connected to a fourth heat medium inlet (e.g., the heat medium inlet 66 of the condenser 12B described above) formed on the other end face of the second condenser in the second direction (e.g., the end face 64 of the condenser 12B described above).

[0085] According to the organic Rankine cycle system described in the above

[14] , the effect described in the above

[13] can be achieved, and the heat exchange efficiency in each of the first condenser and the second condenser can be improved.

[0086] 2 Organic Rankine cycle system 3A, 3B Heat medium circulation line 3Aa, 3Ab, 3Ac, 3Ad, 3Ba, 3Bb, 3Bc, 3Bd Piping 4A, 4B High temperature fluid line 5A, 5B Cooling water line 6A, 6B Evaporator 8 Turbine 10 Generator 12, 12A, 12B Condenser 14A, 14B Pump 15 Piping system 16 Plate 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D Inclined piping section 24 Inlet 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D, 44A, 44B, 44C, 44D Flange section 26, 26A, 26B, 26C, 26D Exhaust chamber outlet 26Aa, 26Ba Upper end 26Ab, 26Bb, 54 Lower end 28 First paragraph 29 Second stage 30 Stationary vane 31 Rotor blade 32 Turbine rotor 34 Turbine casing 36 Turbine inlet side casing 38 Turbine exhaust chamber casing 38a Outer circumferential wall 38b Inner circumferential wall 40 Turbine exhaust chamber 42 Bolt 50 Bottom surface 52 Connection line 52A First connection line portion 52B Second connection line portion 60, 64 End surface 62, 66, 70 Heat medium inlet 68 Heat medium outlet H Vertical surface O Rotation axis P0 Midpoint P1 First position P2 Second position

Claims

1. A turbine exhaust chamber casing that forms a turbine exhaust chamber into which a heat medium that has passed through the moving blades of the final stage of a turbine flows, the turbine exhaust chamber casing having a plurality of exhaust chamber outlets formed for discharging the heat medium outward in the radial direction of the turbine from the turbine exhaust chamber.

2. The turbine exhaust chamber casing according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of flange portions that respectively form the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets.

3. The turbine exhaust chamber casing according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of at least one of the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets is located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor of the turbine.

4. The turbine exhaust chamber casing according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of at least one of the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets is located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor of the turbine.

5. The turbine exhaust chamber casing according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of at least one of the plurality of exhaust chamber outlets is located below the lower end of the turbine rotor of the turbine.

6. The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include a first exhaust chamber outlet located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor of the turbine and on one side with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, and a second exhaust chamber outlet located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor of the turbine and on the side opposite to the first exhaust chamber outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis. In a cross-section orthogonal to the rotation axis, the bottom surface of the turbine exhaust chamber includes a connection line connecting the lower end of the first exhaust chamber outlet and the lower end of the second exhaust chamber outlet. In a cross-section orthogonal to the rotation axis, the connection line includes a first connection line portion connecting the midpoint of the connection line and the lower end of the first exhaust chamber outlet, and a second connection line portion connecting the midpoint of the connection line and the lower end of the second exhaust chamber outlet. Defining the highest position in the first connection line portion as the first position and the highest position in the second connection line portion as the second position, at least one of the first position and the second position is located below the lower end of the turbine rotor. The turbine exhaust chamber casing according to claim 1.

7. The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include an exhaust chamber first outlet located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor of the turbine and on one side with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, and an exhaust chamber second outlet located below the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the exhaust chamber first outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis. In a cross-section orthogonal to the rotation axis, the bottom surface of the turbine exhaust chamber includes a connection line connecting the exhaust chamber first outlet and the exhaust chamber second outlet, and the highest position on the connection line is located below the lower end of the turbine rotor. The turbine exhaust chamber casing according to claim 1.

8. The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include an exhaust chamber first outlet located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor of the turbine and on one side with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, and an exhaust chamber second outlet located below the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the exhaust chamber first outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis. The exhaust chamber first outlet and the exhaust chamber second outlet are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis. The turbine exhaust chamber casing according to claim 1.

9. The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include an exhaust chamber first outlet located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor of the turbine and on one side with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, an exhaust chamber second outlet located below the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the exhaust chamber first outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, an exhaust chamber third outlet located above the rotation axis and on the one side with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, and an exhaust chamber fourth outlet located above the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the exhaust chamber third outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis. The turbine exhaust chamber casing according to claim 1.

10. A turbine comprising a turbine rotor and the turbine exhaust chamber casing according to claim 1.

11. At least one evaporator for evaporating a heat medium of an organic substance, a turbine driven by the heat medium evaporated by the at least one evaporator, a plurality of condensers for condensing the heat medium discharged from the turbine, and at least one pump for pressurizing the heat medium condensed by the plurality of condensers and supplying it to the at least one evaporator. The turbine is the turbine according to claim 10. An organic Rankine cycle system.

12. The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include an exhaust chamber first outlet located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor and on one side with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, and an exhaust chamber second outlet located below the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the exhaust chamber first outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis. The plurality of condensers include a first condenser and a second condenser. The organic Rankine cycle system further includes a first exhaust chamber lower pipe that supplies the heat medium from the exhaust chamber first outlet to the first condenser, and a second exhaust chamber lower pipe that supplies the heat medium from the exhaust chamber second outlet to the second condenser. The organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 11.

13. The plurality of exhaust chamber outlets include an exhaust chamber first outlet located below the rotation axis of the turbine rotor and on one side with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, an exhaust chamber second outlet located below the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the exhaust chamber first outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, an exhaust chamber third outlet located above the rotation axis and on the one side with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis, and an exhaust chamber fourth outlet located above the rotation axis and on the opposite side of the exhaust chamber third outlet with respect to the vertical plane including the rotation axis. The plurality of condensers include a first condenser and a second condenser. The organic Rankine cycle system further includes a first exhaust chamber lower pipe that supplies the heat medium from the exhaust chamber first outlet to the first condenser, a first exhaust chamber upper pipe that supplies the heat medium from the exhaust chamber third outlet to the first condenser, a second exhaust chamber lower pipe that supplies the heat medium from the exhaust chamber second outlet to the second condenser, and a second exhaust chamber upper pipe that supplies the heat medium from the exhaust chamber fourth outlet to the second condenser. The organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 11.

14. The first condenser is a plate heat exchanger including a plurality of plates arranged at intervals in a first direction, the second condenser is a plate heat exchanger including a plurality of plates arranged at intervals in a second direction, the first pipe below the exhaust chamber is connected to a first heat medium inlet formed at one end surface of the first condenser in the first direction, the second pipe below the exhaust chamber is connected to a second heat medium inlet formed at one end surface of the second condenser in the second direction, the first pipe above the exhaust chamber is connected to a third heat medium inlet formed at the other end surface of the first condenser in the first direction, and the second pipe above the exhaust chamber is connected to a fourth heat medium inlet formed at the other end surface of the second condenser in the second direction. The organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 13.

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