Narrowband-based communication method and apparatus

Abstract

A method by which a device performs wireless communication, and an apparatus for supporting same are provided. The apparatus can acquire configuration information related to subcarrier spacing, initiate a random access procedure, and transmit a third message in the random access procedure. For example, whether to permit an omission of the transmission of a first message and the reception of a second message in the random access procedure can be determined on the basis of the subcarrier spacing.

Description

Narrowband-based communication method and device

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR, the successor to LTE (long-term evolution), is a new clean-slate mobile communications system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements as shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 can represent an example of the requirements of a 6G system.

[0004] Maximum data rate per device: 1 Tbps, E2E latency: 1 ms, Maximum spectral efficiency: 100 bps / Hz, Mobility support: Up to 1000 km / hr, Satellite integration: Fully AI, Fully autonomous driving, Fully XR, Fully haptic communication

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided. For example, the method may include the steps of: obtaining configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; initiating a random access procedure; and transmitting a third message in the random access procedure. For example, whether omission of transmission of the first message and reception of the second message in the random access procedure is permitted may be determined based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a device may be provided. For example, the device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the device to: acquire configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; initiate a random access procedure; and transmit a third message in the random access procedure. For example, whether omission of transmission of the first message and reception of the second message in the random access procedure is permitted may be determined based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the device to: acquire configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; initiate a random access procedure; and transmit a third message in the random access procedure. For example, whether omission of transmission of the first message and reception of the second message in the random access procedure is permitted may be determined based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a device to: acquire configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; initiate a random access procedure; and transmit a third message in the random access procedure. For example, whether transmission of the first message and reception of the second message are permitted in the random access procedure may be determined based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0009] Figure 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 8 illustrates an uplink resource grid for NB (narrow band)-IoT (internet of things) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of an OCC pattern applied to NPUSCH according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 10 illustrates a method by which a device performs wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 11 illustrates a method for a base station to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 12 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 13 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 14 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 15 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 16 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 17 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] In this disclosure, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, "A or B" in this disclosure can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, "A, B or C" in this disclosure can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0027] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C."

[0028] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”

[0029] Additionally, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0030] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0031] In the following explanation, ‘when, if, in case of’ can be replaced with ‘based on’.

[0032] Technical features individually described in one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0033] In the present disclosure, higher layer parameters may be parameters set for the terminal, preset, or predefined. For example, a base station or network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0034] In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC, DCI (downlink control information), etc.) from a base station or a network. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., MAC, RRC, SCI (sidelink control information), device-to-device signaling control information, etc.) from another device. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device.

[0035] In the present disclosure, a user equipment (UE) may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc. In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell / node, a transmission reception point (TRP), a network, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.

[0036] The technology proposed in the present disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0037] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0038] FIG. 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 1, in step S101, a first device and a second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device can be a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the second device can be a base station, a network, a RAN node, an NTN node / cell, a TRP, a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the first device can perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted by the second device according to a predefined rule. Here, for example, the synchronization signal can include a plurality of synchronization signals classified according to a structure or purpose (e.g., a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, etc.). Through this, the first device can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, time unit, slot, and / or symbol of the second device, and the first device can obtain information about the second device (e.g., a cell identifier).

[0040] In step S103, the first device can obtain system information transmitted by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the properties, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device required to connect to the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc. For example, the system information may be classified into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). For example, if necessary, the first device may transmit a signal requesting system information before receiving the system information. For example, the request and provision of system information may be performed after a random access procedure described below.

[0041] In step S105, the first device and the second device can perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device can transmit and / or receive at least one message (e.g., a random access preamble, a random access response message, etc.) for the random access procedure based on information related to a random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of supported preamble, etc.). For example, the first device can transmit a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, the first device can receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2), the first device can transmit a message (e.g., Msg3) including information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device can receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 can be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 can be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgB).

[0042] In step S107, the first device and the second device may perform signaling of control information. Here, for example, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer that controls a connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer that handles mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), a layer that handles physical channels (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer), etc. For example, the first device and the second device may perform at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining settings related to communication, and / or signaling for indicating allocated resources. For example, the control information may be signaled / transmitted via a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel may be used to schedule at least one of data, a data channel (e.g., a shared channel), and / or control information on the data channel.

[0043] In step S109, the first device and the second device may transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first device and the second device may process, transmit, and / or receive data based on signaling of control information. For example, when transmitting data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0044] For example, the layers of a radio interface protocol between a first device and a second device can be divided into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), L3 (layer 3), etc. For example, a physical layer belonging to the first layer can provide an information transfer service using a physical channel, and an RRC (radio resource control) layer located in the third layer can play a role in controlling radio resources between the first device and the second device. For this purpose, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first device and the second device.

[0045] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, (a) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for uplink communication or downlink communication, and (b) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for uplink communication or downlink communication. For example, (c) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for device-to-device communication, and (d) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for device-to-device communication.

[0046] For example, the physical layer can provide information transmission services to upper layers using physical channels. For example, the physical layer can be connected to the upper layer, the medium access control (MAC) layer, through a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted over the wireless interface. For example, data can be transmitted between different physical layers, i.e., between the physical layers of a first device and a second device, through a physical channel. For example, the physical channel can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and time and frequency can be utilized as radio resources.

[0047] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the upper layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, through logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide a mapping function from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide a logical channel multiplexing function by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services on logical channels.

[0048] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee the various quality of service (QoS) required by radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer can provide three operating modes: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0049] For example, the RRC (radio resource control) layer can be defined only in the control plane. For example, the RRC layer can be responsible for controlling logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, re-configuration, and release of radio bearers. For example, an RB can mean a logical path provided by a first layer (e.g., a physical layer) and a second layer (e.g., a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, a SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer, etc.) for data transmission between a first device and a second device.

[0050] For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane may include forwarding of user data, header compression, and ciphering. For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane may include forwarding of control plane data and ciphering / integrity protection.

[0051] For example, establishing an RB can refer to the process of defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service, and setting specific parameters and operating methods for each. For example, RBs can be divided into two types: signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs). For example, SRBs can be used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, while DRBs can be used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0052] For example, a downlink transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information, and / or a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. For example, traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted through the downlink SCH, or may be transmitted through a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, an uplink transmission channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages, and / or an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. For example, a logical channel located above a transmission channel and mapped to the transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0053] FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0054] Referring to FIG. 3, for example, a radio frame may be used in uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and / or device-to-device transmission. For example, a radio frame may have a length of 10 ms and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). For example, a half-frame may include five 1 ms subframes (SF). For example, a subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined according to a subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, each slot may include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols, depending on a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0055] For example, when normal CP is used, each slot can contain 14 symbols. For example, when extended CP is used, each slot can contain 12 symbols. Here, for example, the symbols can contain OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA (single carrier-FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0056] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) depending on the SCS setting (u) when normal CP or extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ) is an example.

[0057] CP type SCS (15*2u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP15kHz (u=0)1410130kHz (u=1)1420260kHz (u=2)14404120kHz (u=3)14808240kHz (u=4)1416016Extended CP60kHz (u=2)12404

[0058] For example, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be set differently between multiple cells that are merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of time resources (e.g., subframes, slots, or transmit time intervals (TTIs)) composed of the same number of symbols may be set differently between the merged cells. For example, in the present disclosure, time resources such as subframes, slots, TTIs, etc. may be referred to as time units.

[0059] For example, multiple numerologies, or SCSs, may be supported to support various services. For example, a 15 kHz SCS may support wide areas in traditional cellular bands, while a 30 kHz / 60 kHz SCS may support dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth. For example, a 60 kHz or higher SCS may support bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0060] FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0061] Referring to FIG. 4, for example, a slot may include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a carrier may include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a resource block (RB) may be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((physical) resource blocks) in the frequency domain, and may correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). For example, a carrier may include at most N BWPs (where N is a positive integer). For example, data communication may be performed through an activated BWP. For example, each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol may be mapped to it.

[0062] For example, a BWP may be a contiguous set of PRBs in a given numerology. For example, a PRB may be selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0063] For example, the BWP may be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, the UE may not monitor the downlink radio link quality in a DL BWP other than the active DL BWP on the PCell (primary cell). For example, the UE may not receive a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) (except for radio resource management (RRM)) outside of the active DL BWP. For example, the UE may not trigger channel state information (CSI) reporting for an inactive DL BWP. For example, the UE may not transmit a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) outside of the active UL BWP. For example, for downlink, the initial BWP can be given as a set of consecutive resource blocks (RBs) for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) CORESET (control resource set) (set by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). For uplink, for example, the initial BWP can be given by the system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be set by a higher layer. For example, the initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP.For energy saving, if the terminal does not detect DCI (downlink control information) for a certain period of time, the terminal may switch its active BWP to a default BWP.

[0064] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0065] Referring to FIG. 5, for example, a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other, and a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. For example, point A may indicate a common reference point for a resource block grid.

[0066] For example, BWP is point A, offset from point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP ) can be set by. For example, point A can be an outer reference point of the PRB of a carrier where subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network on that carrier) aligns. For example, the offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0067] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0068] As core implementation technologies of the 6G system, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free-space optical transmission (FSO) backhaul networks, massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0069] - Artificial Intelligence: Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. This means AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. Furthermore, AI can facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0070] - THz communication (terahertz communication): Data rates can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidths and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered a key part of the THz spectrum for cellular communications. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) the widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates and (ii) the high path loss that occurs at high frequencies (requiring highly directional antennas). The narrow beamwidths generated by highly directional antennas reduce interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a significantly larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies to overcome range limitations.

[0071] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0072] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0073] - Optical wireless technology

[0074] - Free-space optical transmission backhaul network (FSO backhaul network)

[0075] - Quantum communication

[0076] - Cell-free communication

[0077] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0078] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0079] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0080] - Big data analysis

[0081] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface

[0082] - metaverse

[0083] - Block chain

[0084] Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing urban air mobility (UAM), regional air mobility (RAM), and uncrewed aerial systems (UAS). For example, AAM can include UAM, RAM, UAS, and uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs).

[0085] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a key element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, can be a technology that allows cars to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle to vehicle (V2V) wireless communication and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) wireless communication.

[0086] Non-terrestrial network (NTN): NTN can refer to a network or network segment that utilizes radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on satellites (or UAS platforms). NTN services may be considered to secure wider coverage or provide wireless communication services in locations where the installation of wireless communication base stations is difficult.

[0087] - Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment.

[0088] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS): RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in wireless communication environments. For example, a RIS can be composed of many small antennas, or metasurfaces, arranged on a surface, each of which can actively control the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc. of the reflected signal. For example, a RIS can improve signal reception by controlling the path, phase, and / or intensity of the propagating signal. For example, in the case of a RIS, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for controlling the phase and amplitude of the small antennas. For example, because a RIS can be reconfigured to suit different environments, it can meet diverse communication requirements and operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0089] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0090] Referring to FIG. 7, NTN communication can be performed based on satellite networks, high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) as international mobile telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS), and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs). For example, to improve coverage, etc., devices such as satellite networks, HIBS, and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs) can act as relays. For example, an AAM can communicate with a base station, a satellite network, etc., and / or an AAM can communicate directly with a terminal, another AAM, etc.

[0091] FIG. 8 illustrates an uplink resource grid for narrow band (NB)-internet of things (IoT) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0092] For example, a physical channel (e.g., narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH), narrowband physical random access channel (NPRACH)) or signal (e.g., demodulation reference signal (DMRS)) may be N UL sc subcarriers and N UL symb can be transmitted based on one or more resource grids of SC-FDMA symbols. For example, the slot number within a radio frame is n s can be expressed as , where n for △f = 15 kHz s ∈{0, 1, ..., 19}, and n for △f=3.75kHz s ∈{0, 1, ..., 4}. For example, subcarrier N UL sc Uplink bandwidth and slot interval T on the side slot can be defined as in Table 3.

[0093] Subcarrier spacing N UL sc T slot △f=3.75kHz4861440·T s △f=15kHz1215360·T s

[0094] For example, each element in a resource grid can be called a resource element and can be uniquely defined by an index pair (k,l) in a slot, where k = 0, ..., N. UL sc -1 and l = 0, ..., N UL symb-1 can be an index in the frequency and time domains respectively. For example, the resource element (k,l) is a complex value a k,l can be corresponded to.

[0095] For example, a resource unit can be used to describe the mapping of an NPUSCH to a resource element. For example, a resource unit can be N in the time domain. UL symb N UL slots N in the frequency domain with SC-FDMA symbols RU sc can be defined as a series of consecutive subcarriers, where, for example, N RU sc and N UL symb The frame structure types 1 and 2 can be provided by Tables 4 and 5, respectively.

[0096] Table 4 shows N for frame structure type 1. RU sc , N UL slots , and N UL symb Examples of supported combinations are shown.

[0097] NPUSCH format△fN RU sc N UL slots N UL symb 13.75kHz116715kHz116386412223.75kHz1415kHz14

[0098] Table 5 shows N for frame structure type 2. RU sc , N UL slots , and N UL symb Examples of supported combinations are shown.

[0099] NPUSCH format△fSupported UL-DL settingsN RU sc N ULslots N UL symb 13.75kHz1, 4116715kHz1, 2, 3, 4, 5116386412223.75kHz1, 41415kHz1, 2, 3, 4, 514

[0100] For example, NPUSCH format 1 can be used to carry UL-SCH, and NPUSCH format 2 can be used to carry uplink control information.

[0101] For example, each NPUSCH codeword is associated with one or more resource units, N RU can be mapped to , each of which is M NPUSCH rep can be transmitted as many times as required. For example, the mapping to resource elements (k, l) corresponding to subcarriers allocated for transmission and not used for transmission of reference signals can start from the first slot in the allocated resource unit, first with index k, then with index l, increasing in that order. For example, N slots After mapping to the slots of the dog, N slots The slot of the dog continues mapping blocks of complex-valued symbols to the next slot until M NPUSCH identical -1 can be repeated an additional number of times. Here, for example, M NPUSCH identical and N slots can be obtained based on mathematical formula 1.

[0102]

[0103] Meanwhile, there is a need to increase the multiplexing capacity between NB-IoT terminal transmissions in future systems, which may be particularly important in IoT NTN systems. Furthermore, there may be a need to support code-division multiplexing (CDM) between different NPUSCH DMRSs that utilize the same time / frequency resources.

[0104] Meanwhile, since phase continuity may not be maintained between UL segments, applying a single orthogonal cover code (OCC) to different UL segments may significantly reduce orthogonality. Furthermore, according to UE transmission errors, transmitting MSG3 directly without a preamble may cause inter-symbol interference (IUI) due to CP issues depending on the SCS. Furthermore, in the case of symbol-level OCC, the OCC patterns need to be different due to the difference in the number of data symbols between slots containing DMRS and slots not containing DMRS.

[0105] The various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently to single-tone transmission and multi-tone transmission. For example, for single-tone transmission, a single subcarrier (e.g., a 15 kHz subcarrier or a 3.75 kHz subcarrier) may be used. For multi-tone transmission, for example, multiple subcarriers (e.g., 3, 6, or 12 subcarriers) may be used.

[0106] Combinations of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the number of subcarriers allocated for transmission.

[0107] The combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the transmission contents of NPUSCH (e.g., SIB1-NB, SIB, paging, random access procedure related information, or other data).

[0108] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, multiplexing-related parameters for NPUSCH DMRS can be implicitly determined through multiplexing-related parameters for NPUSCH data, and / or determination in the opposite direction can also be applied by extending from the idea of ​​the present disclosure.

[0109] The combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the payload type of the satellite (e.g., regenerative or transparent payload).

[0110] The combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on the type of non-terrestrial network node (e.g., geostationary earth orbit (GEO), non-geostationary earth orbit (NGEO), low earth orbit (LEO), medium earth orbit (MEO), high altitude platform station (HASP), drone) or altitude or fixed beam footprint or cell-moving beam footprint, etc.

[0111] Combinations of the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied differently depending on whether the NB-IoT UL transmission occurs on a preset UL resource.

[0112] Meanwhile, for NPUSCH transmission, time-axis and / or frequency-axis (e.g., subcarrier) OCC may be applied to data symbols (excluding DMRS symbols).

[0113] For example, the unit for applying OCC to the above time axis is TB (transport block) and / or repetition (N rep (repeatedly separated by a number) or a subset thereof and / or a resource unit (RU, NRU RU) or a subset thereof and / or a unit (N) to which the same complex-valued symbols are mapped when mapping to NPUSCH. slots ) can be set / specified by slot group and / or UL segment, and can be applied repeatedly.

[0114] For example, N slots can refer to the number of slots contained in one resource unit, and N RU may refer to the number of resource units allocated for NPUSCH transmission, and N rep may refer to the number of repetitions of NPUSCH transmission.

[0115] For example, the OCC index or OCC sequence may hop (e.g., change based on a specific reception or pattern) between the iterations. For example, the hopping may change based on the NB-IoT cell ID and / or radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) value.

[0116] Meanwhile, the value of repetition and / or the value of k0 (NPDCCH-to-NPUSCH timing) and / or N rep There is also a need to align the OCC start / end application positions between these different NPUSCHs.

[0117] For example, the k0 value is already 2*N UL slots Since it is a multiple of the value, it can be seen that there is no case where another NPUSCH transmission starts in the middle of a specific RU of NPUSCH.

[0118] For example, whether to apply OCC and / or OCC length and / or OCC application start position and / or time to apply OCC and / or frequency domain and / or OCC sequence index may be configured cell-specifically and / or UE-specifically via RRC, and / or may be indicated via MAC CE, and / or may be indicated via DCI, and / or may be determined based on the resource of NPDCCH for the DCI format that schedules NPUSCH (e.g., lowest or highest NCCE or NREG or PRB or subcarrier NPDCCH candidate index, aggregation level, repetition count).

[0119] For example, a terminal may not expect that all or part of the time and / or frequency resources of the NPUSCH transmissions overlap when the OCC sequence application positions and sizes between different NPUSCH transmissions overlap (depending on NPUSCH allocation resources and / or starting positions and / or UL segment and gap settings, etc.).

[0120] For example, if the number of allocated subcarriers is at least 1, NPUSCH format 1 is N for one RU. UL slots There are 16 DMRS symbols and 96 data symbols in total. In this case, only the time-domain OCC can be applied because there is only one assigned subcarrier.

[0121] For example, when applying OCC (repeatedly) within a repetition and / or within a subframe or slot, a different structure than the mapping of a legacy UE may be required, and thus may not be CDM'd with the NPUSCH format 1 of the legacy UE.

[0122] For example, a terminal may not expect to share the same time / frequency resources between NPUSCH format 1 with OCC enabled / applied (with 1 allocated subcarrier) and NPUSCH format 1 with OCC disabled / not applied.

[0123] For example, even if the number of allocated subcarriers is 1, when the terminal maps a complex-valued symbol for NPUSCH to RE, N NPUSCH identical The value may be greater than 1. For example, the above N NPUSCH identical The value may be cell-specific and / or UE-specifically set via RRC, and / or may be indicated via MAC CE, and / or may be indicated in DCI. For example, if indicated in DCI, N NPUSCH rep The value can be derived from . That is, in the above case, even if the number of subcarriers allocated for NPUSCH is 1, some of the complex-valued symbols can be mapped for a specific number of slots. Afterwards, this is again N NPUSCH identical The mapping can be repeated as many times as the value, and the mapping to the remaining complex-valued symbols can continue from the next slot.

[0124] For example, in the case of 3.75 kHz SCS, when applying inter-slot OCC, the length of OCC can be 4 or its divisor value. For example, in the case of 3.75 kHz SCS, when applying inter-subframe OCC, the length of OCC can be 2. The basis for this is that in the case of 3.75 kHz SCS, N for NPUSCH slotsThe UE transmits NPUSCH only if the first set of slots spans at least two consecutive UL subframes that do not overlap with any invalid UL subframes.

[0125] For example, in the case of 3.75 kHz SCS, when applying OCC between symbols, the length of the OCC can be 2. The basis for this is that the minimum number of consecutive data symbols separated by DMRS symbols within a slot is 2. In the above case, an OCC of length 2 can be applied repeatedly in units of two data symbols.

[0126] For example, in the case of 3.75 kHz SCS and / or 15 kHz SCS, when applying OCC between symbols, the length of the OCC can be 3. The rationale for this is that in the case of 15 kHz SCS, the minimum number of consecutive data symbols separated by DMRS symbols in a slot is 3. In the case of 3.75 kHz SCS, an OCC of length 3 can be applied to three consecutive data symbols in the front part of the slot, and an OCC of length 3 can be applied to one data symbol before and two data symbols after the DMRS symbol in the back part of the slot.

[0127] Meanwhile, in the case of NPUSCH transmission in non-terrestrial communication, after transmission and / or delay of a UL segment time unit of a UE-specifically RRC-configured length, the UE-specific RRC-configured gap may be considered for NPUSCH resource mapping, but actual transmission may not occur.

[0128] For example, a gap may have a value of 1 symbol, 1 slot, and / or 1 subframe.

[0129] For example, the length of a segment can be a time length corresponding to 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 RU based on a full-PRB allocation, and in the case of a sub-PRB, it can be a value obtained by dividing the above values ​​by 2 and 4 for 6 SCs and 3 SCs, respectively.

[0130] For example, if the OCC application unit for the above data symbol is per symbol (group), the terminal may not expect the gap value to be 1 symbol, and / or may expect the gap value to be 1 slot and / or 1 subframe.

[0131] For example, if the OCC application unit for the above data symbol is per slot (group), the terminal may not expect the gap value to be 1 slot, and / or may expect the gap value to be 1 symbol and / or 1 subframe.

[0132] For example, if the OCC application unit for the above data symbol is per subframe (group), the terminal may not expect the gap value to be 1 subframe and / or 1 slot, and / or may expect the gap value to be 1 symbol and / or 1 slot.

[0133] For example, OCC application may be applied to resources within a UL segment and / or resources where actual transmission occurs and / or resources excluding gaps.

[0134] For example, when OCC is applied on a symbol (group) basis, and / or in case of 3.75kHz SCS, an OCC of length 3 may be applied starting from the second symbol in the part including the gap before the DMRS within the slot (within the UL segment). For example, when there is no gap, an OCC of length 4 or 2 may be applied starting from the first symbol.

[0135] For example, when OCC is applied on a symbol (group) basis, and / or in case of 15kHz SCS, an OCC of length 2 may be applied starting from the second symbol in the part including a gap before the DMRS within the slot (within the UL segment). For example, when there is no gap, an OCC of length 3 or 2 may be applied starting from the first symbol.

[0136] In embodiments of the present disclosure, the OCC length may refer to the frequency axis length and / or the time axis length (respectively), and / or may refer to the total length of the frequency axis and the time axis.

[0137] For example, through the DCI format, the OCC (index) applied to the NPUSCH scheduled by the DCI format can be indicated. For example, the OCC (index) can be limited to a frequency-axis OCC. For example, a field indicating an allocated subcarrier within the DCI format can be used to indicate both allocated subcarrier and OCC information.

[0138] For example, for existing values ​​indicated in the Assigned Subcarrier Indication field (e.g., indices 0 to 18), the first OCC (e.g., all ones) may be applied.

[0139] For example, information about allocated subcarriers to which other OCCs are applied can be indicated using values ​​that are currently in a reserved state (e.g., all or part of the values ​​with indices from 19 to 63).

[0140] For example, a group of symbols to which the same OCC applies may be a group of symbols to which the same data complex-valued symbols are mapped and / or a group of symbols with the same redundancy version.

[0141] For example, the value may be changed so that the same duplicate version is applied to a group of symbols to which the same OCC applies.

[0142] For example, when OCC is applied to NPUSCH, the value of B, which is the number of consecutive NB-IoT UL slots to which data complex-valued symbols for the same redundancy version are mapped for NPUSCH transmission, may be extended or increased. For example, the value of B may be in the form of the existing value of B multiplied by a specific scaling value (e.g., 2 or a value set via OCC length and / or SIB / RRC).

[0143] For example, when OCC is applied to NPUSCH, it may be allowed to use a single redundancy version for NPUSCH transmission. For example, whether a single redundancy version is used for the single NPUSCH and its value may be indicated in the DCI format and / or may be set in SIB / RRC.

[0144] In embodiments of the present disclosure, the symbol group may be composed of symbols that are actually continuous in time, and / or may be composed of symbols that are actually discontinuous in time, and may be composed of slots that are actually continuous in time, and / or may be composed of slots that are actually discontinuous in time.

[0145] For example, when applying OCC to NPUSCH (data RE), the TBS (transport block size) value may be the truncated value and / or the raised value and / or the rounded value of the TBS value determined when OCC is not applied divided by the OCC length. The basis for this is that the number of repetitions of complex-valued symbols for RE may be determined by the length of the OCC. For example, when the OCC length is multiple, the maximum value, minimum value, or average value among the OCC lengths may be used when converting TBS.

[0146] For example, when the number of allocated subcarriers is 3 and the applied OCC length is 3, the TBS determination method for the NPUSCH may follow the TBS determination method for the case where the number of allocated subcarriers is 1.

[0147] For example, when the number of allocated subcarriers is 6 and the applied OCC length is 6, the TBS determination method for the NPUSCH may follow the TBS determination method for the case where the number of allocated subcarriers is 1.

[0148] For example, when the number of allocated subcarriers is 12 and the applied OCC length is 12, the TBS determination method for the NPUSCH may follow the TBS determination method for the case where the number of allocated subcarriers is 1.

[0149] For example, when the number of allocated subcarriers is 6 and the applied OCC length is 3, the TBS determination method for the NPUSCH may follow the TBS determination method for the case where the number of allocated subcarriers is 1.

[0150] For example, in the above situation, when interpreting the MCS (modulation and coding scheme) index, it can be assumed that the assigned subcarrier is 1.

[0151] For example, when OCC is applied across multiple RUs, the number of RU resources may be converted to 1, and TBS may be calculated based on the RU index corresponding to the reduced number of RUs.

[0152] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the OCC length may mean only the time-axis OCC length, and / or may mean only the frequency-axis OCC length, and / or may mean the product of the time-axis OCC length and the frequency-axis OCC length, i.e., the time-frequency-axis OCC length.

[0153] Meanwhile, in the next system, the DMRS pattern for NPUSCH may differ depending on the slot, and the number and / or presence of DMRS symbols may also differ depending on the slot.

[0154] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of an OCC pattern applied to NPUSCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0155] For example, for the first slot, N (e.g., 2 or 3) of the 7 symbols may be DMRS symbols, and / or for the second slot, M (e.g., 2 or 3) of the 7 symbols may be DMRS symbols, and / or for the third slot, there may be no DMRS symbols among the 7 symbols, and / or for the fourth slot, there may be no DMRS symbols among the 7 symbols. In the embodiment of FIG. 9, for convenience of explanation, a case in which DMRS symbols are mapped to symbol indices 5 and 6 in the first slot and DMRS symbols are mapped to symbol indices 0 and 1 in the second slot will be described.

[0156] For example, the OCC application patterns for the first and third slots may be the same. For example, the OCC application patterns for the second and fourth slots may be the same. For example, the OCC application patterns for the first and second slots may be the same as the OCC application patterns for the third and fourth slots.

[0157] For example, for the first slot and the second slot, an OCC (with a length of 5) may be applied to symbol indices 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 of the first slot, and / or an OCC (with a length of 4) may be applied to symbol indices 5, 6 of the first slot and symbol indices 0, 1 of the second slot, and / or an OCC (with a length of 5) may be applied to symbol indices 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 of the second slot. For example, the symbols to which the OCC with a length of 4 is applied may be DMRS symbols.

[0158] For example, the OCC application pattern for the third and fourth slots may be the same as the OCC application pattern for the first and second slots, and the symbols to which the OCC of length 4 is applied may be (this time) data symbols rather than DMRS symbols. The advantage of this is that the number of types of OCCs can be limited to a small number, and the maximum length of OCCs can be limited.

[0159] For example, the OCC application patterns for the first and third slots may be different. For example, the OCC application patterns for the second and fourth slots may be different. For example, the OCC application patterns for the first and second slots may be different from the OCC application patterns for the third and fourth slots.

[0160] For example, the OCC application pattern for the 3rd slot and the 4th slot may be the same. For example, for the 3rd slot (and / or the 4th slot), an OCC (of length 7) may be applied to symbol indices 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 of the 3rd slot (and / or the 4th slot).

[0161] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the DMRS symbol may be a symbol on which an actual DMRS is transmitted, or may be a symbol on which a DMRS can be transmitted or a symbol on which no data is mapped.

[0162] Meanwhile, communication between a base station (e.g., eNB) and a UE can be performed starting with MSG3 transmission without MSG1 / MSG2 for the purpose of EDT (early data transmission). Meanwhile, in the case of the NTN communication method, due to UE position error (based on GNSS (global navigation satellite systems) etc.) and / or NTN node position information error, time / frequency offset pre-compensation based on ephemeris information and / or NTN node position information and UE position information may not be accurate, and if correction is not performed through a TA (timing advance) command, UL reception at the base station may not be accurate.

[0163] For example, in the case of an initial access process through MSG3 transmission without MSG1 / MSG2 transmission, the UL subcarrier spacing for the MSG3 may be limited to 3.75 kHz. The rationale for this is that there is room to overcome timing errors due to the location information errors due to the relatively long CP. Here, for example, MSG1 may refer to a physical random access channel (e.g., narrowband physical random access channel, random access preamble, etc.), MSG2 may refer to a random access response (e.g., narrowband random access response, grant), and MSG3 may refer to a physical uplink shared channel (e.g., narrowband physical uplink shared channel). For example, whether omission of MSG1 / MSG2 transmission and reception in the initial access process (e.g., random access procedure) is allowed may be based on the subcarrier spacing. For example, based on the fact that the subcarrier spacing is 3.75 kHz, omission of MSG1 / MSG2 transmission and reception during the initial access process (e.g., random access procedure) may be permitted. For example, based on the fact that the subcarrier spacing is not 3.75 kHz, omission of MSG1 / MSG2 transmission and reception during the initial access process (e.g., random access procedure) may not be permitted.

[0164] For example, in the case of an initial connection process through MSG3 transmission without MSG1 / MSG2 transmission, the CP length and / or the symbol structure constituting the slot for the MSG3 may be different from those for other UL transmissions. For example, the UL of NB-IoT for the MSG3 may use an extended CP, and / or its length may be 512*T. s (Here T s ) can be 1 / 15000 / 2048, and / or the number of symbols constituting a slot can be 6. On the other hand, for all or part of the UL transmission, the general CP (160*Ts or 144*T s ) can be used, and the number of symbols constituting a slot can be 7. For example, the length of the extended CP is 256*T s It could be.

[0165] FIG. 10 illustrates a method for a device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0166] Referring to FIG. 10, in step S1010, the device may acquire configuration information related to subcarrier spacing. In step S1020, the device may initiate a random access procedure. In step S1030, the device may transmit a third message in the random access procedure. For example, whether omission of transmission of the first message and reception of the second message in the random access procedure is permitted may be determined based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0167] For example, the third message may be transmitted based on a narrowband-related physical uplink shared channel. For example, an orthogonal cover code for the narrowband-related physical uplink shared channel may be applied within an uplink segment. For example, based on the application of an orthogonal cover code to the narrowband-related physical uplink shared channel, it may be allowed to use a single redundancy version for transmission of the narrowband-related physical uplink shared channel. For example, whether the single redundancy version is used for transmission of the narrowband-related physical uplink shared channel may be set based on at least one of downlink control information, a system information block, or radio resource control (RRC). For example, a reference signal pattern for the narrowband-related physical uplink shared channel may be different for each slot. For example, an orthogonal cover code pattern applied to a slot to which a reference signal is mapped may be the same as an orthogonal cover code pattern applied to a slot to which a reference signal is not mapped. For example, the reference signal may be a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0168] For example, the first message may be a narrowband-related physical random access channel, and the second message may be a narrowband-related random access response including a grant.

[0169] For example, based on the subcarrier spacing being 3.75 kHz, omission of transmission of the first message and reception of the second message in the random access procedure may be allowed.

[0170] For example, based on the fact that the subcarrier spacing is not 3.75 kHz, omission of transmission of the first message and reception of the second message in the random access procedure may not be permitted.

[0171] For example, transmission of the third message may be performed based on an extended cyclic prefix, and transmissions other than the third message may be performed based on a general cyclic prefix.

[0172] For example, transmission of the third message may be performed based on a slot containing six symbols, and transmissions other than the third message may be performed based on a slot containing seven symbols.

[0173] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor (102) of the device (100) can obtain configuration information related to subcarrier spacing. Then, the processor (102) of the device (100) can initiate a random access procedure. Then, the processor (102) of the device (100) can control the transceiver (106) to transmit a third message in the random access procedure. For example, whether the transmission of the first message and the reception of the second message are allowed in the random access procedure can be determined based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0174] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a device may be provided. For example, the device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the device to: acquire configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; initiate a random access procedure; and transmit a third message in the random access procedure. For example, whether omission of transmission of the first message and reception of the second message in the random access procedure is permitted may be determined based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0175] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the device to: acquire configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; initiate a random access procedure; and transmit a third message in the random access procedure. For example, whether omission of transmission of the first message and reception of the second message in the random access procedure is permitted may be determined based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0176] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a device to: acquire configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; initiate a random access procedure; and transmit a third message in the random access procedure. For example, whether transmission of the first message and reception of the second message are permitted in the random access procedure may be determined based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0177] FIG. 11 illustrates a method for a base station to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0178] Referring to FIG. 11, in step S1110, the base station may transmit configuration information related to subcarrier spacing. In step S1120, the base station may receive a third message in a random access procedure. For example, whether omission of reception of the first message and transmission of the second message in the random access procedure is permitted may be based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0179] For example, the third message may be received based on a narrowband-related physical uplink shared channel. For example, an orthogonal cover code for the narrowband-related physical uplink shared channel may be applied within an uplink segment. For example, based on the application of an orthogonal cover code to the narrowband-related physical uplink shared channel, it may be allowed to use a single redundancy version for reception of the narrowband-related physical uplink shared channel. For example, whether the single redundancy version is used for reception of the narrowband-related physical uplink shared channel may be set based on at least one of downlink control information, a system information block, or radio resource control (RRC). For example, a reference signal pattern for the narrowband-related physical uplink shared channel may be different for each slot. For example, an orthogonal cover code pattern applied to a slot to which a reference signal is mapped may be the same as an orthogonal cover code pattern applied to a slot to which a reference signal is not mapped. For example, the reference signal may be a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0180] For example, the first message may be a narrowband-related physical random access channel, and the second message may be a narrowband-related random access response including a grant.

[0181] For example, based on the subcarrier spacing being 3.75 kHz, omission of reception of the first message and transmission of the second message in the random access procedure may be allowed.

[0182] For example, based on the fact that the subcarrier spacing is not 3.75 kHz, omission of reception of the first message and transmission of the second message in the random access procedure may not be permitted.

[0183] For example, reception of the third message may be performed based on an extended cyclic prefix, and reception of messages other than the third message may be performed based on a general cyclic prefix.

[0184] For example, reception of the third message may be performed based on a slot containing six symbols, and reception of messages other than the third message may be performed based on a slot containing seven symbols.

[0185] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor (202) of the base station (200) can control the transceiver (206) to transmit configuration information related to subcarrier spacing. Then, the processor (202) of the base station (200) can control the transceiver (206) to receive a third message in a random access procedure. For example, whether omission of reception of the first message and transmission of the second message in the random access procedure is permitted can be based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0186] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a base station may be provided. For example, the base station may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the base station to: transmit configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; and receive a third message in a random access procedure. For example, whether reception of the first message and omission of transmission of the second message in the random access procedure is permitted may be determined based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0187] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a base station may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the base station to: transmit configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; and receive a third message in a random access procedure. For example, whether reception of the first message and omission of transmission of the second message in the random access procedure is permitted may be determined based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0188] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a base station to: transmit configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; and receive a third message in a random access procedure. For example, whether reception of the first message and omission of transmission of the second message in the random access procedure is permitted may be determined based on the subcarrier spacing.

[0189] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, since OCC for NPUSCH can be applied within the same UL segment, a certain level of orthogonality can be guaranteed between NPUSCHs with OCC applied, even when multiple UL segments exist. Since the SCS for preamble-less MSG transmission and reception is limited to 3.75 kHz, MSG3 can be transmitted in a manner robust to UE transmission timing errors. Furthermore, by matching the OCC pattern to slots with and without DMRS, OCC can be efficiently utilized regardless of the presence of DMRS.

[0190] The various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.

[0191] Below, a description is given of devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0192] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0193] Hereinafter, more specific examples will be provided with reference to the drawings. In the drawings / descriptions below, the same drawing reference numerals may represent identical or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks, unless otherwise described.

[0194] FIG. 12 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0195] Referring to FIG. 12, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., an Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)). The XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may also be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0196] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0197] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200) / network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication). In addition, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0198] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base stations (200), and base stations (200) / base stations (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or, D2D communication), and communication between base stations (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0199] FIG. 13 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0200] Referring to FIG. 13, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} can correspond to {the wireless device (100x), the base station (200)} and / or {the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 12.

[0201] A first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). Furthermore, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0202] A second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0203] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed herein, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0204] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0205] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0206] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0207] FIG. 14 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0208] Referring to FIG. 14, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operations / functions of FIG. 14 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 13. The hardware elements of FIG. 14 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 13. For example, blocks 1010 to 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 13. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 13, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 13.

[0209] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 14. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block can include a transport block (e.g., an UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., a PUSCH or a PDSCH).

[0210] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a bit sequence scrambled by a scrambler (1010). The scramble sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of the wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by a precoding matrix W of N*M. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on complex modulation symbols. In addition, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0211] The resource mapper (1050) can map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources can include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator (1060) generates a wireless signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) can include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0212] The signal processing process for receiving signals in a wireless device can be configured in reverse order of the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of FIG. 14. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 of FIG. 13) can receive wireless signals from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signals can be converted into baseband signals through a signal restorer. For this purpose, the signal restorer can include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be restored to the original information blocks through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0213] Figure 15 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see Figure 12). The embodiment of Figure 15 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0214] Referring to FIG. 15, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 13 and may be composed of various elements, components, units, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and an additional element (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 13. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 13. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). In addition, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit (130).

[0215] The additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 12, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 12, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 12, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 12, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 12, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 12, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, an AI server / device (Fig. 12, 400), a base station (Fig. 12, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary depending on the use / service.

[0216] In FIG. 15, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be entirely interconnected via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). In addition, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more processor sets. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0217] Below, the implementation example of Fig. 15 is described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0218] FIG. 16 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The mobile device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smartglasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The mobile device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 16 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0219] Referring to FIG. 16, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 15, respectively.

[0220] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control components of the mobile device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required for operating the mobile device (100). In addition, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the mobile device (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support connection between the mobile device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) can include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0221] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) obtains information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by the user, and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals, and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to other wireless devices or to a base station. In addition, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from other wireless devices or base stations, and then restore the received wireless signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0222] FIG. 17 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be implemented as a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned or unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, or the like. The embodiment of FIG. 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0223] Referring to FIG. 17, a vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a driving unit (140a), a power supply unit (140b), a sensor unit (140c), and an autonomous driving unit (140d). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to blocks 110 / 130 / 140 of FIG. 15, respectively.

[0224] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., base stations, road side units, etc.), and servers. The control unit (120) can control elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an ECU (Electronic Control Unit). The drive unit (140a) can drive the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) on the ground. The drive unit (140a) can include an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, brakes, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit (140b) supplies power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit (140c) can obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit (140c) may include an IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, an incline sensor, a weight detection sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward / backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illuminance sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit (140d) may implement a technology for maintaining a driving lane, a technology for automatically controlling speed such as adaptive cruise control, a technology for automatically driving along a set path, a technology for automatically setting a path and driving when a destination is set, etc.

[0225] For example, the communication unit (110) can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can generate an autonomous driving route and driving plan based on the acquired data. The control unit (120) can control the drive unit (140a) so that the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) moves along the autonomous driving route according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, the communication unit (110) can irregularly / periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and can acquire surrounding traffic information data from surrounding vehicles. In addition, during autonomous driving, the sensor unit (140c) can acquire vehicle status and surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can update the autonomous driving route and driving plan based on newly acquired data / information. The communication unit (110) can transmit information regarding the vehicle location, autonomous driving route, driving plan, etc. to the external server. External servers can predict traffic information data in advance using AI technology or other technologies based on information collected from vehicles or autonomous vehicles, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicles or autonomous vehicles.

[0226] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In terms of method, A step of obtaining configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; a step of initiating a random access procedure; and A step of transmitting a third message in the above random access procedure; comprising: A method for determining whether omission of transmission of a first message and reception of a second message in the above random access procedure is allowed, based on the subcarrier spacing.

2. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the third message is transmitted based on a narrowband related physical uplink shared channel.

3. In paragraph 2, A method in which an orthogonal cover code for the above narrowband related physical uplink shared channel is applied within an uplink segment.

4. In paragraph 2, A method wherein a single redundancy version is allowed to be used for transmission of the narrowband-related physical uplink shared channel, based on the application of an orthogonal cover code to the narrowband-related physical uplink shared channel.

5. In paragraph 4, A method wherein whether the single redundant version is used for transmission of the above narrowband related physical uplink shared channel is set based on at least one of downlink control information, a system information block, or radio resource control (RRC).

6. In paragraph 2, The reference signal pattern for the above narrowband related physical uplink shared channel is different for each slot.

7. In paragraph 6, The orthogonal cover code pattern applied to the slot to which the reference signal is mapped and the orthogonal cover code pattern applied to the slot to which the reference signal is not mapped are the same.

8. In paragraph 7, A method wherein the above reference signal is a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

9. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the first message is a narrowband related physical random access channel, and the second message is a narrowband related random access response including a grant.

10. In paragraph 1, A method wherein, based on the above subcarrier spacing being 3.75 kHz, omission of transmission of the first message and reception of the second message in the random access procedure is allowed.

11. In paragraph 1, A method wherein omission of transmission of the first message and reception of the second message in the random access procedure is not allowed, based on the subcarrier spacing being other than 3.75 kHz.

12. In paragraph 1, A method wherein transmission of the third message is performed based on an extended cyclic prefix, and transmissions other than the third message are performed based on a general cyclic prefix.

13. In paragraph 1, A method wherein transmission of the third message is performed based on a slot containing 6 symbols, and transmissions other than the third message are performed based on a slot containing 7 symbols.

14. In the device, At least one transceiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory coupled to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor to cause said device to: Obtain configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; Initiate a random access procedure; and In the above random access procedure, a third message is transmitted, A device, wherein whether omission of transmission of the first message and reception of the second message is allowed in the above random access procedure is based on the subcarrier spacing.

15. In a processing device set to control a device, at least one processor; and At least one memory coupled to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor to cause said device to: Obtain configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; Initiate a random access procedure; and In the above random access procedure, a third message is transmitted, A processing device, based on the subcarrier spacing, determines whether omission of transmission of the first message and reception of the second message in the above random access procedure is allowed.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, when executed, cause the device to: Obtain configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; Initiate a random access procedure; and In the above random access procedure, a third message is transmitted, A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein whether the transmission of the first message and the reception of the second message are allowed to be omitted in the above random access procedure, is based on the subcarrier spacing.

17. In the method, A step of transmitting configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; and A step of receiving a third message in a random access procedure; comprising: A method for determining whether omission of reception of the first message and transmission of the second message in the above random access procedure is allowed, based on the subcarrier spacing.

18. At the base station, At least one transceiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory coupled to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor to cause said base station to: Transmitting configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; and In the random access procedure, a third message is received, Whether omission of reception of the first message and transmission of the second message is allowed in the above random access procedure is determined by the base station based on the subcarrier spacing.

19. In a processing device set to control a base station, at least one processor; and At least one memory coupled to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor to cause said base station to: Transmitting configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; and In the random access procedure, a third message is received, A processing device, based on the subcarrier spacing, determines whether omission of reception of the first message and transmission of the second message is allowed in the random access procedure.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, when executed, cause the base station to: Transmitting configuration information related to subcarrier spacing; and In the random access procedure, a third message is received, A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein whether omission of reception of the first message and transmission of the second message is allowed in the random access procedure is based on the subcarrier spacing.

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