A monitoring station for animal migration

Abstract

A monitoring station (100) for animal migration comprising: a computer-implemented processing means (110) adapted to processing signals from the set of sensors to change the power consumption mode of the monitoring station between a low power consumption mode and a high power consumption mode; and in the high power consumption mode of the monitoring station (100), processing signals from the set of sensors to identify animal size and behavioral pattern of the animal, and date and time into a processed data packets; a memory for storing a processed data packets; a communication module (101, 102) adapted to communicate with a communication network (20) to open a communication channel for sending the processed data packets.

Description

[0001] A MONITORING STATION FOR ANIMAL MIGRATION

[0002] The present application relates to a monitoring station for animal migration. The monitoring station disclosed in the present application finds its use in pest control or in monitoring a local wildlife ecosystem.

[0003] Distributed systems for pest control exist in the prior art, but they are difficult to operate and suffer from many drawbacks regarding their maintenance, expressed in high operating costs and in the need to allocate a significant human resources. The effectiveness of known systems is difficult to measure as their data describing animal behavior is minimal or non-existent.

[0004] In the US8651057 a movement monitoring device to monitor and record movement of animals through an aquatic animal passage system, regardless of water turbidity is disclosed. A housing connected to the aquatic animal passage system has an entrance to receive an animal and an exit for the animal to leave the housing. A ramp within the housing has a lower end and an upper end, and the lower end is positioned at the entrance. A platform within the housing has one end connected to the upper end of the ramp and the other end positioned at the exit. The platform is elevated so that water from the aquatic animal passage system flows underneath the platform, and the animal climbs up the ramp, out of the water, and onto the platform. A photographic system focused on the platform records an image of the animal on the platform out the water.

[0005] I n the WO2015118463A1 discloses a module for monitoring animals and to a system for monitoring animals, mainly within a delimited measurement space through which the animals move. The invention is to be used in particular in fishways, as well as in passes for terrestrial animals such as tunnels or footbridges intersecting highways. A module for monitoring animals, provided with a sealed housing, wherein at least one wall of the module housing which delimits the measurement space, being made of a material at least partially allowing the penetration of light radiation into the housing, is, wherein the housing at least a portion of the wall delimiting the measuring space, which is made of a material at least partially allowing the penetration of light radiation and which is a measurement window, has a reinforced structure.

[0006] TW0201610867A discloses a non-invasive identification and real-time monitoring system that collects physical information and behavior data from non-invasive individuals. Exemplified, but not limited to, data collecting streams; growth rate, weight and behavior. Health and environmental data are monitored continuously, and in real-time. Processed and analyzed for presentation of precise and accurate information. The disclosed invention is a non-invasive identification and real-time monitoring system for animals able to help maximize animal health and welfare, to maximize economy by delivering high quality end products to the food markets and to prevent or control potential pandemics and other illnesses by early detection and / or early medication.

[0007] CN103310250A discloses a RFID-based animal migration process positioning and alarm system comprises RFID labels arranged on the bodies of wild animals and a monitoring base station, and the RFID labels are connected with the monitoring base station through radio frequency. The system has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and is convenient to implement because of low construction cost. The monitoring base station comprises a reader-writer, a processor and an alarm unit, which are sequentially connected, and the RFID labels are connected with the reader-writer through radio frequency.

[0008] CN205546945U discloses a domestic animal controlling method and monitoring system that belongs to electron technical field. The method includes steps that microcontroller obtains attitude sensor is in domestic animal when motion is gathered is used for signifying the attitude data of domestic animal motion gesture, and according to attitude data control the turn right mode of response sound of response sound or the broadcast of auris dextra speaker is play by left side ear speaker, responds the training of sound control system instruction to the domestic animal. This method makes wears controlling and monitoring device on the domestic animal after receiving control command, can control the domestic animal to with the orientation that control command indicates turns to the realization realizes remote control to the domestic animal, has improved in some transition process is herded to current domestic animal, drives the lower problem of efficiency of domestic animal migration.

[0009] CN207007226U discloses an animal migration rice base insect pest image acquisition device of low -power consumption, the reliability of guarantee rice base pest image acquisition system. The utility model discloses including the collection dolly, gathering the dolly bottom and be equipped with mecanum wheel and motor, gather the dolly and be equipped with closed splint all around, the splintouter wall is equipped with the LED lamp and lures the device, gathers the dolly and is lured the device cladding by LED lamp all around, gathers dolly central authorities and is equipped with the camera for insect pest image acquisition district, image acquisition district top. The utility model discloses realize that insect pest image acquisition system moves ahead, all -dimensional motion modes such as sideslip, diagonal, rotation and combination, improved flexibility and the interference immunity of insect pest image acquisition system in the rice base greatly.

[0010] The invention relates to the subject matter of claim 1 .

[0011] The present application discloses a monitoring station for animal migration comprising: a computer- implemented processing means adapted to processing signals from the set of sensors to change the power consumption mode of the monitoring station between a low power consumption mode and a high power consumption mode; and in the high power consumption mode of the monitoring station, processing signals from the set of sensors to identify animal size and behavioral pattern of the animal, and date and time into a processed data packets; a memory for storing a processed data packets; a communication module adapted to communicate with a communication network to open and use a communication channel with the central computer for sending the processed data packets.

[0012] Preferably the monitoring station comprises the set of sensors comprises one or more first sensors selected from a group comprising: a passive infrared sensor, a capacitance sensor, a microphone and / or one or more second sensors selected from a group comprising: an accelerometer, contact switches, ToF sensors.

[0013] Preferably the monitoring station comprises the computer implemented processing means that are further adapted to process signals from the set of sensors in order to identify and encode into the processed data packet, an alarm or a request one or more events comprising in particular at least one of: class, order, family, genus or species of the animal, number of the animals, duration of the visit of the animal within the range of the monitoring station, path of the animal within the range of the monitoring station, behavioral classes, direction from which the animal entered into the range of the monitoring station.

[0014] Preferably the monitoring station is further adapted to process signals from the set of sensors in order and encode in the processed data packet, an alarm or a request referring to: opening of the monitoring station, closing the monitoring station, motion of the monitoring station, biting, hitting, vandalism, filling up or adding bait, water entering or leaving the monitoring station.

[0015] Preferably the monitoring station is further provided with a bait and the monitoring station is further adapted to process signals from the set of sensors in order to identify and encode in the processed data packet, an alarm or a request comprising: a bait status, a bait status at the beginning of the first period of time, or a bait status at the end of the first period of time.

[0016] Preferably the monitoring station comprising one or more environmental sensors in order to identify and encode into the processed data packet, data regarding: temperature, humidity, lightness, water level.

[0017] Preferably the monitoring station is provided with a short range communication module adapted to establish a communication channel with the central computer via a mobile device operating within a communication network.

[0018] Preferably the monitoring station is adapted to detect a presence of a mobile device within a range of a short range communication module, perform an authorization of a detected mobile device, and read from the mobile device a geo-localization of the mobile device and include into the data packet the information representing geo-localization read.

[0019] Preferably the monitoring stations are adapted to relay communication between other monitoring stations and / or a communication network.

[0020] Preferably the computer-implemented processing means of the monitoring station is using as an input matrices combining sensor's signal values, while the size of matrices reflects spatial arrangement of sensors within the monitoring station.

[0021] The advantage of the present invention is providing information a condition of its stations, security alerts, maintenance requests based on actual conditions of the monitoring stations rather than a statistical estimations used in the prior art systems. It also provide a remote supervision of the maintenance activity, which leads to the increases the lifetime of the monitoring stations, increase theirs effectiveness and reduces operational costs. The monitoring station provides a flexibility in respect of monitoring animal migration, offering grid, independent, autonomous, intelligent device that is fully integrated with the internet of thing, which offers real time monitoring of animal migration.

[0022] Further the monitoring station allows for gathering a large number of valuable data describing behavior of the monitored population of animals, as including identification of the animal species, recording exact time and direction of movement of animal, identification of the individual behaviors as passing by, feeding, fighting for resources as food.

[0023] The present invention is described in preferred embodiments in reference to drawings where:

[0024] Fig. 1 shows schematically the system using the monitoring station according to the present invention;

[0025] Fig. 2 shows a monitoring station according to the invention;

[0026] Fig. 3a shows schematically a field of view of the measuring station in the first embodiment; Fig. 3b shows schematically a field of view of the measuring station in the second embodiment;

[0027] Fig. 3c shows schematically a field of view of the measuring station in the third embodiment;

[0028] Fig. 3d shows schematically a field of view of the measuring station in the fourth embodiment;

[0029] Fig. 4 shows schematically a rodent within a field of view of the measuring station of fig. 3b according to the invention;

[0030] Fig. 5 shows graphs of signals from a set of signals from fig. 3b;

[0031] Fig. 5a and 5b show snap shots of two frames composed based on signals from the set of sensors at monitoring station;

[0032] Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of the monitoring station of the system according to the invention;

[0033] The present invention is described below in terms of the preferred embodiments. The disclosed embodiments relate to a monitoring station adapted to monitor the migration of rodents in the confined area of an urban settlement. It should be noted that the system and its operating principles are equally effective and can be applied to monitoring any type of migratory animal, from small rodents to large migratory mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibians, insects or fish.

[0034] Fig. 1 schematically shows the system 1 as applied to the monitoring of rodents. The system 1 for monitoring animal migrations comprises a number of monitoring stations 100 distributed over a geographical area that is the subject of a monitoring process. The number of monitoring stations 100 may range from a single station to hundreds or thousands of stations. The number of monitoring stations 100 depends on the designed coverage density, general principle the more monitoring stations per unit area the more resolution of observation is achieved, provided the spatial distribution of monitoring stations is equal. The monitoring stations are preferably distributed along the walls of the buildings of the residential areas, in a narrow path or river beds or channels. Placing the monitoring stations next to the walls is a known technique of monitoring e.g. rodents that choose their migration paths along the walls as they consider such path as safer compared to crossing an open field where they can be more easily spotted by the predators e.g. owls, buzzards or hawks.

[0035] Referring back to FIG. 1, the disclosed system 1 comprises a number of monitoring stations 100, 120, 130, each having its own monitoring area or zone 111, 121 , 131, respectively. The monitoring stations monitor the movement of animals within the monitoring area using a set of sensors (described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6). Each monitoring station 100, 120, 130 is provided with at least one communication module 101 , 102 adapted to establish a communication link B with the communication network 20. The system 1 also comprises a central computer 10 adapted to communicate with the communication network 20 via its communication link A. Some of the monitoring stations are provided with a second communication module 102, 132 adapted to establish a short-range communication link C with a mobile device 30. The mobile device 30 is adapted to establish a communication link D with a communication network 20. In this way, all elements of the system 1 , i.e. monitoring stations 100, 120, 130, can communicate with the central computer 10 via a communication network 20. In a preferred embodiment, the monitoring stations 100, 120, 130 can communicate with each other and are adapted to relay communications from other monitoring stations to and from the central computer 10. Such a relay communication link E is disclosed in FIG. 1 as an example of the communication scheme implemented in one of the embodiments of the system 1.

[0036] The monitoring station 100 is provided with a set of sensors that detect a movement of the animal within an area 111 of the monitoring station 100. Such a situation is shown in FIG. 2, where a rodent M follows a path P that traverses the monitoring area 11 1 of the monitoring station 100. The monitoring station 100 is preferably provided with a passage tunnel that encourages the rodent M to pass through the monitoring area 111. Preferably, the monitoring station 100 is housed within a pest control station and is set up to monitor the behavior of rodents taking a bait.

[0037] FIG. 3a shows a particular spatial arrangement of the sensors of the monitoring station of the first embodiment in a plan view. The set of sensors of the monitoring station 100 consists of two groups of sensors S and W. The first group of sensors W consists of sensors W1, W2, and the second group of sensors S consists of sensors S11 , S12, S21, S22, S31 , S32, S41 , S42. Sensors WI and W2 are low power sensors that operate in the low power mode of the monitoring station 100, alternatively they operate in a continuous mode regardless of the power mode of the monitoring station. Sensors W1 , W2 generate signals that are used by the computer processing means of the monitoring station to change the power consumption mode from low to high and to activate sensors S of the second group. Sensors S generate signals in high power mode and can detect the presence of the animal within their respective measurement zones and / or measure the distance between the animal and the sensor.

[0038] In a preferable embodiment signals from sensors S are used to confirm the trigger event initiated by sensors from a group W.

[0039] One of the sensors in the set of sensors can be dedicated to indicate a condition that triggers a change in the power consumption state. Therefore, the assignment of the sensor to the particular group is based on its function rather than on its construction. Preferably, a passive infrared sensor adapted to work with extremely low power consumption is a sensor of a group W of sensors. Alternatively, sensors in both groups S and W may be sensors of the same type.

[0040] The computer implemented processing means 110 of the monitoring station 100 are adapted to operate in two power consumption modes, a low power consumption mode and a high power consumption mode. In the low power mode, the processing means operates only to monitor selected sensors, and in response to the signal change from the selected sensors, the processing means changes the mode of operation to the high power mode where full processing capabilities are used to process signals from all sensors.

[0041] The set of sensors preferably comprises one or more first sensors selected from the first group W comprising: a passive infrared sensor, a capacitance sensor, a microphone, and / or one or more second sensors selected from the second group S comprising: accelerometers, contact switches, ToF (Time of Flight) sensors.

[0042] In Fig. 3a, sensors W1 and W2 are the outermost sensors and are therefore placed in a position that will be entered first by the animal. This embodiment is preferably used in a confined space where the animals, in particular rodents, are restricted by the boundary walls L of an enclosure, a trap or a pest control station, or by the walls of the building, to pass along the path that runs vertically in a plan view of Fig. 3a. The limiting walls L are walls of a housing of the monitoring station, or walls existing in the environment where the monitoring station 100 is placed, building walls or pest control station housing walls in a case where the monitoring station is placed within a pest control station.

[0043] The monitoring station 100 of the system 1 is further provided with a computer-implemented processing means 110 adapted to process signals from the set of sensors to change the power consumption mode of the monitoring station between a low power consumption mode and a high power consumption mode.

[0044] The spatial arrangement of the sensors W allows the activation of the sensors S whenever the animal enters the monitoring area 121. The spatial arrangement of sensors refers to geometric relationships between sensors, preferably including the relative location of each sensor with respect to a common reference point, and distances between sensors, a distance between the sensor and the floor / ground surface.

[0045] The spatial arrangement of the sensors of the first group W and the second group S is used to determine, for example, the size of the animal, its behavioral patterns, the direction from which the animal entered the monitoring area 121. The spatial arrangement of the sensors can be determined individually in the particular embodiment of the measuring station.

[0046] The geometric relationships are used by the computer-implemented processing means 110 of the monitoring station 100 to process raw signals from sensors included in the set of sensors to change the power consumption mode of the monitoring station 100 between a low power consumption mode and a high power consumption mode, or to identify the size and behavioral pattern of the animal and the date and time into processed data packets in the high power consumption mode of the monitoring station 100.

[0047] Figures 3b, 3c, and 3d show a different spatial arrangement of the set of sensors according to the second and third embodiments of the monitoring station. The number of sensors and their relative locations are different and may be further modified as needed, provided that the geometric arrangement of the sensors is provided to the computer-implemented processing means 110 of the monitoring station. In particular, Fig. 3b discloses an arrangement of four sensors forming the first group W and nine sensors forming the second group S, operating in a confined space bounded by corner walls L. Fig. 3c shows another spatial arrangement of the set of sensors similar to that disclosed and described in relation to Fig. 3a, but with only four sensors forming the second group S.

[0048] Fig. 4 shows a top view of a scene when a rodent travels through a monitoring area 111 along the path P under the set of sensors of the monitoring station.

[0049] Fig. 5 shows an example of a set of signals received from the set of sensors with a spatial arrangement as in Fig. 3b. The registered signals are voltage signals converted into digital form by conventional A / D converter of computer-implemented processing means 110 and registered in a time of about 30 seconds. The signal represents a position of the animal under a given sensor and its intensity represents the height of the animal.

[0050] Figures 5a and 5b show two frames of registered raw data, and a frame of registered data means a set of values from all sensors at the same time. Each figure comprises a graphical representation of the animal within the monitoring area 131 of the measurement station, a frame of registered raw data 210, 210', and a matrix 211, 21 T that combines the raw data while maintaining the particular relationship between the sensors and carries additional spatial information that can be used by the computer implemented processing means 110. The matrix 211 is similar to a frame of a very low resolution image of the situation within the monitoring area 131 at given times t=14s and t=32s.

[0051] A schematic view of the monitoring station of the system according to the invention is shown in FIG. 6. The monitoring station 100 comprises two passive infrared sensors W1 and W2 connected to the microcontroller ESP32, referred to as 110, and eight ToF sensors S11 , S12, S21 , S22, S31, S32, S41, S42, each of these sensors also being connected to the microcontroller 110, the sensors being connected to the individual I / O ports of the microcontroller 110 as shown in FIG. 6. Alternative embodiments may use a mixed architecture using a common communication bus that organizes communication in a digital manner from the sensors that output digital signals.

[0052] It shall be noted that signals from sensors S and W are used to monitor maintenance or service activities performed by the servicing / maintenance personnel. This provides additional functionality that are used to confirm the maintenance was performed, what kind of activities have been performed e.g. cleaning, replenishing bait, drying. Further derivative data are obtained for example duration of visit of animal within the range of the monitoring station is used to determine due date for replenishing baits within the monitoring range of the monitoring station.

[0053] The computer-implemented processing means 110 is further adapted to process signals from the set of sensors in sequence and encode in the processed data packet an alarm or request to open the monitoring station, close the monitoring station, move the monitoring station, bite, strike, vandalism, fill or add bait, water entering or leaving the monitoring station.

[0054] In other preferred embodiments, the monitoring station 100 of the system 1 is further provided with a bait, and the monitoring station is further adapted to process signals from the set of sensors to identify and encode in the processed data packet the alarm or request comprising: a bait status, a bait status at the beginning of the first time period, or a bait status at the end of the first time period. The monitoring station may further comprise one or more environmental sensors for identifying and encoding in the processed data packet data relating to: temperature, humidity, light, water level.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment of the system, the computer implemented processing means 110 of the monitoring station 100, 120, 130 is a microcontroller with integrated input / output ports, analog / digital converters, communication modules and memory, for example the ESP32 microcontroller, adapted to operate in a low power mode or a high power mode.

[0056] The adaptation of the computer-implemented processing means 110 to process signals from the sensors lies in the computer program loaded into the memory of the microcontroller, and in the connection of the sensors to the computer-implemented processing means 110. The processing means 110 are adapted to process signals from the sensors with an expert system, i.e. a computer program that implements a set of rules interpreting raw signals, measurements of the raw signals, signals from timers and constants related to the geometric properties of the sensor layout. The expert system takes into account a direct and indirect relationship between the signals, timers and constants to produce processed data representing events, alarms or requests as indicated above. In one of the embodiments, the expert system is built manually by human experts who convert their knowledge into a set of rules that are followed by the computer program. In one of the embodiments, the machine learning techniques are implemented to train the Al algorithm based on data collected in the test environment. In still further embodiments, the two initial approaches are only a starting position and the monitoring stations of the system according to the invention collect new data and the learning process continues as the system gradually improves its effectiveness in recognizing patterns in the set of signals received by the computer implemented computing means 110. The process data is converted into the processed data packets before being sent to the computer station 10 via a communication channel.

[0057] The computer-implemented processing means 110 is further adapted to process signals from the set of sensors to identify and encode in the processed data packet, an alarm or a request, one or more events comprising in particular at least one of: class, order, family, genus or species of the animal, number of animals, duration of the visit of the animal within the area of the monitoring station, path of the animal within the area of the monitoring station, behavioral classes, direction from which the animal entered the area of the monitoring station.

[0058] The computer-implemented processing means 110 is adapted to process signals from the set of sensors to identify the size of the animal and the behavioral pattern of the animal, as described above, in addition to date and time stamps, station identification ID and / or maintenance data relating to the status of the monitoring station. The processed data packets preferably include data processed by the computer implemented processing means 110 rather than raw signals from sensors, this approach having the beneficial effect of saving bandwidth and power consumption as the processed data is smaller in volume and requires less power to transmit.

[0059] Further, the monitoring station is provided with a memory for storing a processed data packet and / or raw data. This storage may be integrated with the computer implemented processing means or may be external to the processing means, such as an SD card.

[0060] Preferably, the monitoring station is powered by a high capacity battery pack 105 that allows the monitoring station to operate for a long period of time without the need for battery replacement. The period of operation is preferably 5 to 10 years before the battery needs to be replaced.

[0061] The monitoring station also comprises a communication module adapted to communicate with a communication network to open and use a communication channel with the central computer for sending the processed data packets.

[0062] Preferably, the monitoring station is provided with a long-range communication module, such as a LoRa module 102, adapted to establish a communication channel with the central computer via a communication network.

[0063] Preferably, the monitoring station is provided with a short-range communication module, as NFC module 101 , or Bluetooth adapted to establish a communication channel with the central computer 10 via a mobile device operating within a communication network. The monitoring station is adapted to detect a presence of a mobile device within a range of a short range communication module, to perform an authorization of a detected mobile device, and to read a geo-localization of the mobile device from the mobile device and to include the information representing the read geo-localization in the data packet.

[0064] Preferably the monitoring station is further provided with a video camera covering the monitored area and collecting images in a visible light spectrum and / or in an infrared light spectrum to generate a video data stream representing the monitored area.

[0065] The computer-implemented processing means is further adapted to process signals from the video camera unit to identify an alarm or a request for one or more events comprising in particular at least one of: class, order, family, genus or species of the animal, number of animals, duration of the visit of the animal within the range of the monitoring station, path of the animal within the range of the monitoring station, behavioral classes, direction from which the animal entered the monitored area. Additionally the computer processing means are adapted to identify the above parameters using image recognition algorithms applied on the video stream provided by the camera in order to augment the identification process or to run it autonomously.

[0066] Preferably the processed data packet includes a still image extracted from a video data.

[0067] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the central computer 10 is adapted to collect data packets from a number of monitoring stations 100, 120, 130 and generate a combined view of animal migration in the area populated with the monitoring stations. The central computer is adapted to collect data packets from the number of a monitoring stations and generate a combined view of the status of the monitoring stations. The central computer server is adapted to collect data packets from the number of a monitoring stations and to generate a combined view of the status of the maintenance status of the monitoring stations.

[0068] The central computer is adapted to generate a maintenance schedule that limits the total time or number of activities related to the maintenance of the monitoring stations. In response to receiving the alarm or request indicating vandalism, the central computer server initiates an alarm communication sent to the authorities or maintenance service provider indicating a geo-localization of the alarming or requesting monitoring station and a standardized description of the event.

Claims

Claims1 . A monitoring station (100) for animal migration comprising: a computer-implemented processing means (110) adapted to processing signals from the set of sensors to change the power consumption mode of the monitoring station between a low power consumption mode and a high power consumption mode; and in the high power consumption mode of the monitoring station (100), processing signals from the set of sensors to identify animal size and behavioral pattern of the animal, and date and time into a processed data packets; a memory for storing a processed data packets; a communication module (101 , 102) adapted to communicate with a communication network (20) to open a communication channel for sending the processed data packets.

2. The monitoring station according to claim 1 wherein the set of sensors comprises one or more first sensors selected from a group comprising: a passive infrared sensor, a capacitance sensor, a microphone and / or one or more second sensors selected from a group comprising: an accelerometer, contact switches, ToF sensors.

3. The monitoring station according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the computer implemented processing means (110) are further adapted to process signals from the set of sensors in order to identify and encode into the processed data packet, an alarm or a request one or more events comprising in particular at least one of: class, order, family, genus or species of the animal, number of the animals, duration of the visit of the animal within the range of the monitoring station, path of the animal within the range of the monitoring station, behavioral classes, direction from which the animal entered into the range of the monitoring station.

4. The monitoring station according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein the monitoring station is further adapted to process signals from the set of sensors in order and encode in the processed data packet, an alarm or a request referring to: opening of the monitoring station, closing the monitoring station, motion of the monitoring station, biting, hitting, vandalism, filling up or adding bait, water entering or leaving the monitoring station.

5. The monitoring station according to any of claims 1 to 4 wherein the monitoring station is further provided with a bait and the monitoring station is further adapted to process signals from the set of sensors in order to identify and encode in the processed data packet, an alarm or a request comprising: a bait status, a bait status at the beginning of the first period of time, or a bait status at the end of the first period of time.

6. The monitoring station according to any of claims 1 to 5 wherein the monitoring station comprising one or more environmental sensors in order to identify and encode into the processed data packet, data regarding: temperature, humidity, lightness, water level.

7. The monitoring station according to any of claims 1 to 6 wherein the monitoring station is provided with a short range communication module adapted to establish a communication channel with the central computer via a mobile device operating within a communication network.. The monitoring station according to any of claims 1 to 7 wherein the monitoring station is adapted to detect a presence of a mobile device within a range of a short range communication module, perform an authorization of a detected mobile device, and read from the mobile device a geo-localization of the mobile device and include into the data packet the information representing geo-localization read.

9. The monitoring station according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 8 wherein the monitoring stations are adapted to relay communication between other monitoring stations and / or a communication network.

10. The monitoring station according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 9 wherein the computer- implemented processing means of the monitoring station is using as an input matrices combining sensor's signal values, while the size of matrices reflects spatial arrangement of sensors within the monitoring station.

11. The monitoring station according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the monitoring station is further provided with at least one communication module adapted to establish a communication channel within a communication network, selected from a group comprising: LoRa, GSM or satellite communication module.

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