A battery preventing thermal propagation

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery (1) with the cap (4) that has a retractable structure enabling the gas, which is generated based on the thermal propagation and / or runaway on the battery cells (2) of the electric vehicle, to be discharged from the battery.

Description

[0001] A BATTERY PREVENTING THERMAL PROPAGATION

[0002] Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to a battery with a cap that has a retractable structure enabling the gas, which is generated based on the thermal propagation and / or runaway on the battery cells of the electric vehicle, to be discharged from the battery.

[0004] Background of the Invention

[0005] Electric vehicle batteries enable the storage of energy or the use of stored energy by the vehicle. During the use of the said batteries, thermal runaway and / or thermal propagation occurs on the battery cells due to external factors, overcharging or discharging, internal defects, physical damage, cooling problems and / or aging of cells. A thermal runaway and / or propagation occurring in the battery cell because of the structure of battery cells leads to a chemical reaction and / or gas entrapment. The emerging chemical reaction and / or gas entrapment leads to fire and / or explosion on the battery. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent a fire and / or explosion that may occur based on thermal runaway and / or thermal propagation on the battery.

[0006] For this reason, there is need for a battery which comprises a cap having a structure that can be opened upon the gas pressure -that is generated depending on the temperature increase during the use of the battery cells by being placed on the battery-an insulation layer preventing the spread of a fire to other cells.

[0007] The Chinese patent document no. CN212136567U, an application included in the state of the art, discloses an electric vehicle battery system which have joints opening based on pressure difference. The invention subject to the said Chinese patent document relates to a battery pack box body, a battery pack and an electric vehicle. The battery pack comprises a main body for accommodating battery cells, a plurality of pressure relief holes are formed in the main body and the battery body further comprises a flexible film layer which is attached to the main body and is used for covering the plurality of pressure relief holes. Therefore, when a large amount of pressure explosion occurs due to thermal runaway of the battery cell in the box body, the pressure in the battery box can be released to an interlayer between the flexible film layer and the main body through the pressure relief hole. Then, the accommodating space is enlarged through the shape change of the flexible film layer, the pressure increase rate is reduced, and the box body is effectively prevented from being broken due to pressure deformation; and the weight of the battery pack box body is not increased, and the lightweight design principle is met.

[0008] The Romanian patent document no. RO137236A2, another application included in the state of the art, discloses an automatic temperature regulating system of an electric vehicle battery. The invention subject to the said Romanian patent document relates to an automatic thermal management device of an electric vehicle battery. According to the invention, the device consists of one or several mobile grids placed on the lateral side of a battery casing provided with ventilation slots which can be closed and opened by means of bimetallic levers. When the temperature inside the vehicle battery increases or drops and the air having the respective temperature passes through a slot provided in the casing, they displace and position the battery by acting upon a guide of some rotating cylinders. The mobile grid, which is located within some guiding profiles provided both at the top and at the bottom of the battery casing, achieves ventilation with ambient air and maintains the temperature inside the battery within the preset limits.

[0009] Summary of the Invention An object of the present invention is to realize a battery with a cap that has a retractable structure enabling the gas, which is generated based on the thermal propagation and / or runaway on the battery cells of the electric vehicle, to be discharged from the battery.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to realize a battery with an insulation layer that prevents a fire occurring in the battery cells of an electric vehicle from spreading to other cells.

[0011] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0012] “A Battery Preventing Thermal Propagation” realized to fulfd the objects of the present invention is shown in the figures attached, in which:

[0013] Figure 1 is a general view of an inventive battery preventing thermal propagation.

[0014] Figure 2 is a general view of a lid of an inventive battery preventing thermal propagation.

[0015] The components illustrated in the figures are individually numbered, where the numbers refer to the following:

[0016] 1. Battery

[0017] 2. Cell

[0018] 3. Body

[0019] 4. Cap

[0020] 4.1 Frame

[0021] 4.2 Movable plate

[0022] 4.3 Thermal layer

[0023] 4.4 Protective layer An inventive battery (1) for discharging the gas, which is generated based on the thermal propagation and / or runaway therein, comprises at least one cell (2) which enables the electrical energy to be stored and / or used; at least one body (3) which contains at least one cell (2) in itself and then protects it from external factors; and at least one cap (4) which comprises at least one frame(4.1) for enabling it to be placed on the body (3), at least one plate (4.2) for enabling the body (2) to open outwards by being located on the side of the frame (4.1) not facing the body (2), at least one thermal layer (4.3) for providing thermal insulation by being located on the plate (4.2) and at least one protective layer (4.4) for enabling the cell (2) to be protected from the external environment by being located on the thermal layer (4.3).

[0024] The cell (2) included in the inventive battery (1) is placed inside the body (3) so as to be one and / or more than one in number, and enables the electrical energy to be stored thereon. The cell (2) can be charged and / or discharged, and transmits the electrical energy stored thereon to a device and / or an electrically powered vehicle in order to be utilized.

[0025] The body (3) included in the inventive battery (1) has at least a volume enabling to contain one and / or more cell (2) in itself and comprises at least one cap (4) for enabling the volume where the cell (2) is located, to be covered. The body (3) has a box- shaped structure by means of the cap placed on its internal volume and enables the cell (2) located on its internal volume to be protected against external effects.

[0026] The cap (4) included in the inventive battery (1) comprises at least one frame (4.1) for positioning the internal volume of the body (3) so as to close part and / or all of it on the body (3). The cap (4) comprises a plurality of plates (4.2) so as to be parallel and sequential with each other on the frame (4.1). The plate (4.2) has a retractable structure and opens outwards from the frame (4.1) or closes onto the frame (4.1) depending on the gas pressure generated inside the body (3). The plate (4.2) is opened by moving outwards from the frame (4.1) when the pressure generated inside the body (3) is more than the resistance of the spring, by making a connection with at least one spring (not shown). The plate (4.2) is enabled to remain on the frame (4.1) in a closed way, by being pulled via the spring when the pressure inside the body (3) is more than the resistance of the spring. Thereby, it is ensured that the gas is discharged by providing the sufficient force to open the cap (4), when the pressure generated in the body (3) reaches a certain threshold value as a result of a thermal propagation and / or runaway occurring in the cells (2). The cap (4) comprises the thermal layer (4.3) made of any thermal insulation material that covers the surface of the plate (4.2) not facing the frame (4.1) and prevents the thermal propagation and / or runaway occurring in the cell (2) to proceed to other cells (2). In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the thermal layer (4.3) is a thermal barrier that is not affected by environmental conditions and ensures the realization of thermal insulation. The cap (4) comprises at least one protective layer (4.4) made of any material that covers the surface of the thermal layer (4.3) not facing the plate (4.2), enables the cells included in the body (3) to be protected from the external environment and does not affected by thermal propagation and / or runaway in the cell (2). In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the protective layer (4.4) is made of Kevlar material. The plate (4.2) opens outwards from the body when the pressure inside the body (3) increase by moving together with the thermal layer (4.3) and the protective layer (4.4) located thereon, and closes on the frame (4.1) when the pressure decreases.

[0027] Industrial Application of the Invention

[0028] The body (3) included in the inventive battery (1) comprises at least one cell (2) for storing the energy, that enables the electric vehicle to run, therein and / or enabling the stored energy to be used by the vehicle. The body (3) enables the cell (2), that is located in the inner volume, to be protected from the external environment. At least one cap (4) is located on the upper part of the body (3). The cap (4) comprises a frame (4.1) so as to cover the body (3) and it is positioned on the body (3). At least one plate (4.2) with a movable structure is located on the frame (4.1). The plate (4.2) ensures that the excess gas generated by the cell (2) is discharged, by opening outwards upon being affected by the pressure of the gas that is generated based on the thermal propagation and / or runaway occurring on the cells (2) located inside the body (3). There is an insulation layer (4.3) on the plate (4.2) so as to prevent the thermal propagation and / or runaway occurring on the cell (2) from propagating. On the insulation layer (4.3), there is a protective layer (4.4) which has the strength to protect the cell (2) against external impacts and / or is made of a fireproof material in order to prevent the thermal propagation and / or runaway occurring on the cell (2) from reaching other cells.

[0029] Within these basic concepts; it is possible to develop various embodiments of the inventive “A Battery (1) Preventing Thermal Propagation”; the invention cannot be limited to examples disclosed herein and it is essentially according to claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A battery (1) for discharging the gas, that is generated based on the thermal propagation and / or runaway therein, comprises at least one cell (2) which enables the electrical energy to be stored and / or used; at least one body (3) which contains at least one cell (2) in itself and then protects it from external factors; and characterized by at least one cap (4) which comprises at least one frame(4.1) for enabling it to be placed on the body (3), at least one plate (4.2) for enabling the body (2) to open outwards by being located on the side of the frame (4.1) not facing the body (2), at least one thermal layer (4.3) for providing thermal insulation by being located on the plate (4.2) and at least one protective layer (4.4) for enabling the cell (2) to be protected from the external environment by being located on the thermal layer (4.3).

2. A battery (1) according to Claim 1; characterized by the cell (2) which is placed inside the body (3) so as to be one and / or more than one in number, and enables the electrical energy to be stored thereon.

3. A battery (1) according to Claim 1 or 2; characterized by the cell (2) which can be charged and / or discharged, and transmits the electrical energy stored thereon to a device and / or an electrically powered vehicle in order to be utilized.

4. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the body (3) which has at least a volume enabling to contain one and / or more cell (2) in itself and comprises at least one cap (4) for enabling the volume where the cell (2) is located, to be covered.

5. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the body (3) which has a box-shaped structure by means of the cap placed on its internal volume and enables the cell (2) located on its internal volume to be protected against external effects.

6. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the cap (4) which comprises at least one frame (4.1) for positioning the internal volume of the body (3) so as to close part and / or all of it on the body (3).

7. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the cap (4) which comprises a plurality of plates (4.2) so as to be parallel and sequential with each other on the frame (4.1).

8. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the plate (4.2) which has a retractable structure and opens outwards from the frame (4.1) or closes onto the frame (4.1) depending on the gas pressure generated inside the body (3).

9. A battery (1) according to Claim 8; characterized by the plate (4.2) which is opened by moving outwards from the frame (4.1) when the pressure generated inside the body (3) is more than the resistance of the spring, by making a connection with at least one spring.

10. A battery (1) according to Claim 8 or 9; characterized by the plate (4.2) which is enabled to remain on the frame (4.1) in a closed way, by being pulled via the spring when the pressure inside the body (3) is more than the resistance of the spring.

11. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the cap (4) which comprises the thermal layer (4.3) made of any thermal insulation material that covers the surface of the plate (4.2) not facing the frame (4.1) and prevents the thermal propagation and / or runaway occurring in the cell (2) to proceed to other cells (2).

12. A battery (1) according to Claim 11; characterized by the thermal layer(4.3) which is a thermal barrier that is not affected by environmental conditions and ensures the realization of thermal insulation.

13. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the cap (4) which comprises at least one protective layer (4.4) made of any material that covers the surface of the thermal layer (4.3) not facing the plate (4.2), enables the cells included in the body (3) to be protected from the external environment and does not affected by thermal propagation and / or runaway in the cell (2).

14. A battery (1) according to Claim 13; characterized by the protective layer(4.4) which is made of Kevlar material.

15. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the plate (4.2) which opens outwards from the body when the pressure inside the body (3) increase by moving together with the thermal layer (4.3) and the protective layer (4.4) located thereon, and closes on the frame (4.1) when the pressure decreases.

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