A battery capable of controlling volume change

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery (1) which stores and supplies the energy required for the operation of electric vehicles, controls the expansion and / or contraction of the cells (2) during charging and / or discharging and / or standby by means of used piezoelectric material, and extends the service life thereof.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] A BATTERY CAPABLE OF CONTROLLING VOLUME CHANGE

[0003] Technical Field

[0004] The present invention relates to a battery which stores and supplies the energy required for the operation of electric vehicles, controls the expansion and / or contraction of the cells during charging and / or discharging and / or standby by means of used piezoelectric material, and extends the service life thereof.

[0005] Background of the Invention

[0006] Batteries enable a certain amount of energy to be stored thereon and the stored energy to be shared with any electrically powered device and / or vehicle. In the said battery designs, unwanted gases are produced by electrochemical reactions on the battery during charging and / or discharging and / or using and / or standby of the battery. This produced gas causes a gap between the anode and cathode layers in the battery cells to be formed, the cells to expand and cracks to occur between the electrodes. Cracks that occur on the battery due to expansion cause the life of the battery to be shortened and / or the battery to become unusable. In today's applications, various methods are used in order to enable the expansion of the battery cells to be controlled. Among the mentioned methods, foam which enables the changes in the cells to be controlled is used. In another method, the volume change is controlled by using the coatings of piezoelectric materials used in the cell. However, in the said application, the use of piezoelectric material in the cell decreases the efficiency by increasing the cell impedance.

[0007] For this reason, there is a need for at least one battery which is made of piezoelectric material that takes under control the volume changes in the form of expansion and / or contraction as a result of chemical reactions during charging and / or discharging, use and / or standby, and increases the service life by generating electricity during the control of the volume.

[0008] The Turkish patent document no. TR2018 / 12251, an application included in the state of the art, discloses a transducer system. In the said invention, a transducer system which comprises a panel having one or more foils with piezoelectric properties and an arrangement of electrical contacts connected to the panel and configured to define a plurality of transducers thereon is disclosed. In the invention, each transducer is associated with a respective region of the panel and at least two electrical contacts connected to at least two areas in the respective region of the panel. The electronic contacts are adapted to enable efficient conversion of electrical signals into mechanical vibrations and / or vice versa in a manner that causes different degrees of piezoelectric material deformation in at least two regions, thereby providing an electric field in at least two regions so as to deform the respective region of the panel in a direction substantially perpendicular to a surface of the panel.

[0009] The Turkish patent document no. TR2016 / 19138, another application included in the state of the art, discloses electricity generation by the vibration of vehicle engines. In the said invention, piezoelectric materials can generate electrical energy depending on the magnitude of the force applied thereon, the creation of vibration by applying this force to the piezoelectric material by constantly changing the direction, and the generation of electricity by taking advantage of the vibration produced by the vehicle engines by the piezoelectric material, which is a material that can convert vibration into electrical energy, is disclosed. The invention produces electric energy from vibration by piezoelectric material and consists of a holder, an upper cover, piezoelectric material, lower cover and lug parts.

[0010] The International patent document no. WO2019112343, another application included in the state of the art, discloses a cylindrical battery comprising piezoelectric element. The said invention comprises a jelly-roll shaped electrode assembly having a structure in which long sheet-shaped positive electrode and negative electrode are wound with a separator interposed between the electrodes; a cylindrical battery case for receiving the jelly-roll shaped electrode assembly; and a piezoelectric element for generating electrical energy by volume expansion according to charge and discharge of the jelly-roll shaped electrode assembly.

[0011] The Chinese patent document no. CN109921000, another application included in the state of the art, discloses a lithium-ion battery anode material coated with piezoelectric material on surface. The said invention provides a lithium-ion battery anode material coated with piezoelectric material on the surface and a preparation method thereof. The surface of the battery anode material is coated with a layer of piezoelectric material with piezoelectric effect; the piezoelectric material comprises any one or more of barium titanate, lithium niobate, sodium niobate, lithium tantalite, sodium-potassium metaniobate and barium- strontium metaniobate with piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric characteristic of the piezoelectric material is utilized to realize a coating modification function for the anode active materials so as to ensure that the volume phase structures of the anode active materials are not influenced and damaged, the growth of solid-electrolyte interface membranes is suppressed, and the diffusion speeds of active material-coating layer interface lithium ions are improved, thereby effectively improving the structure stability and electrochemical cycle performance of the lithium ion battery anode material, improving the pyrolysis temperature of the anode material and then enhancing the safety performance of the lithium ion batteries in the using process.

[0012] Summary of the Invention

[0013] An object of the present invention is to realize at least one battery which stores and supplies the energy required for the operation of electric vehicles, controls the expansion and / or contraction of the cells during the use, charging and / or discharging of the energy by using piezoelectric materials, and extends the service life. Another object of the present invention is to realize a battery which enables the electrical energy to be generated through the volumetric change on the cell by being made of piezoelectric material.

[0014] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0015] “A Battery Capable of Controlling Volume Change” realized to fulfil the objects of the present invention is shown in the figure attached, in which:

[0016] Figure 1 is a general view of an inventive battery capable of controlling volume change.

[0017] The components illustrated in the figure are individually numbered, where the numbers refer to the following:

[0018] 1. Battery

[0019] 2. Cell

[0020] 3. Body

[0021] 4. Plate

[0022] An inventive battery (1) which is capable of controlling the volumetric change occurring thereon during charging and / or discharging, use and / or standby comprises at least one cell (2) which enables the electrical energy to be stored and / or used; at least one body (3) which contains at least one cell (2) in itself and then protects it from external factors; and at least one plate (4) which enables the volumetric change occurring on the cell (2) during charging and / or discharging, use and / or standby of the cell (2) to be controlled by being located on the part of the body (3) facing the cell (2) and the electrical energy to be obtained by using the volumetric change.

[0023] The cell (2) included in the inventive battery (1) is placed inside the body (3) so as to be one and / or more than one in number, and enables the electrical energy to be stored thereon. The cell (2) can be charged and / or discharged, and transmits the electrical energy stored thereon to a device and / or an electrically powered vehicle in order to be utilized. The cell (2) comprises anode and cathode electrodes on which oxidation and reduction take place. During charging and / or discharging, use and / or standby, expansion or contraction occurs on the cell (2) by electrochemical reactions occurring on the anode and cathode electrodes.

[0024] The body (3) included in the inventive battery (1) is a box-shaped closed structure containing one and / or more cells (2) therein and then protecting the cell (2) from external influences. The expansion of the cell (3) inside the body (3) is limited at a certain level. In this way, the body (3) protects the cells (2) located therein from external influences and enables the expansion due to the chemical reaction occurring on the cell (2) to be kept within a certain range.

[0025] The plate (4) included in the inventive battery (1) is placed in such a way as to be located on at least one of the surfaces of the body (3) facing the cell (2) and / or between both cells (2). The plate (4) enables the expansion or contraction due to the chemical reaction occurring in the cell (2) to be kept within predetermined optimum values by being placed on the body (3). The plate (4) compresses the cell (2) in such a way as to exert pressure on it and limits the expansion of the cell (2) in the light of predetermined values. In this way, the plate (4) increases the lifetime of the battery (1) by keeping the expansion of the cell (2) within the predetermined optimum values. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the plate (4) is made of piezoelectric material and is used as an energy converter. The plate (4) made of piezoelectric material converts the mechanical energy of the cell (2) into electrical energy during the limitation of the expansion occurring on the cell (2) by being placed between the body (3) and the cell (2). The plate (4) enables the electrical energy to be used by storing the converted electrical energy in the cell (2) and / or transmitting it to the electrically powered device or vehicle. In this way, in addition to limiting the cell (2) that expands due to the chemical reaction, the mechanical energy of the cell (2) is enabled to be reused by being converted into electrical energy. In addition, the lifetime of the battery (1) is extended by controlling the change in the volume of the cell (2) within the range of predetermined optimum values.

[0026] Industrial Application of the Invention

[0027] In the inventive battery (1), the body (3) enables one and / or more than one cell (2) located therein to be kept together in a way as to protect them from external factors. The cell (2) enables the electrical energy to be stored thereon in order to meet the energy required for an electrically operated device and / or vehicle by being located in the body (3). The cell (2) comprises anode and cathode electrodes for storing electrical energy and has a plate (4) which limits the volume change due to expansion and contraction during charging and / or discharging. The plate (4) is located on the surface of the body (3) facing the cell (2) and limits the cell (2) to predetermined optimum values. The plate (4) is made of piezoelectric material and enables the mechanical energy generated by the expansion on the cell (2) to be converted into electrical energy. The plate (4) stores the converted electrical energy on the cell (2) and / or enables it to be used in the electrically operated device and / or vehicle. In this way, the plate (4) not only extends the service life of the battery (1) by keeping the volume change of the cell (2) included in the body (3) at predetermined optimum values, but also enables the electrical energy to be generated by using the volume change.

[0028] Within these basic concepts; it is possible to develop various embodiments of the inventive “A Battery (1) Capable of Controlling Volume Change”; the invention cannot be limited to examples disclosed herein and it is essentially according to claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A battery (1) which is capable of controlling the volumetric change occurring thereon during charging and / or discharging, use and / or standby, comprising at least one cell (2) which enables the electrical energy to be stored and / or used; at least one body (3) which contains at least one cell (2) in itself and then protects it from external factors; and characterized by at least one plate (4) which enables the volumetric change occurring on the cell (2) during charging and / or discharging, use and / or standby of the cell (2) to be controlled by being located on the part of the body (3) facing the cell (2) and the electrical energy to be obtained by using the volumetric change.

2. A battery (1) according to Claim 1; characterized by the cell (2) which is placed inside the body (3) so as to be one and / or more than one in number, and enables the electrical energy to be stored thereon.

3. A battery (1) according to Claim 1 or 2; characterized by the cell (2) which can be charged and / or discharged, and transmits the electrical energy stored thereon to a device and / or an electrically powered vehicle in order to be utilized.

4. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the cell (2) which comprises anode and cathode electrodes on which oxidation and reduction take place.

5. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the cell (2) on which expansion or contraction occurs on the cell (2) byelectrochemical reactions occurring on the anode and cathode electrodes during charging and / or discharging, use and / or standby.

6. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the body (3) which is a box-shaped closed structure containing one and / or more cells (2) therein and then protecting the cell (2) from external influences.

7. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the body (3) in which the expansion of the cell (3) is limited at a certain level.

8. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the plate (4) which is placed in such a way as to be located on at least one of the surfaces of the body (3) facing the cell (2) and / or between both cells (2).

9. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the plate (4) which enables the expansion or contraction due to the chemical reaction occurring in the cell (2) to be kept within predetermined optimum values by being placed on the body (3).

10. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the plate (4) which compresses the cell (2) in such a way as to exert pressure on it and limits the expansion of the cell (2) in the light of predetermined values.

11. A battery (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the plate (4) which is made of piezoelectric material and is used as an energy converter.

12. A battery (1) according to Claim 11; characterized by the plate (4) which converts the mechanical energy of the cell (2) into electrical energy during the limitation of the expansion occurring on the cell (2) by being placed between the body (3) and the cell (2).

13. A battery (1) according to Claim 11 or 12; characterized by the plate (4) which enables the electrical energy to be used by storing the converted electrical energy in the cell (2) and / or transmitting it to the electrically powered device or vehicle.

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