Optical communication system and method, related apparatus, storage medium, and program product

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and discloses an optical communication system and method, a related apparatus, a storage medium, and a program product. In order to achieve mixed insertion of optical modules, improve networking flexibility and reduce device management and maintenance difficulty, in one implementation mode, an intermediate device divides a downlink optical signal having a plurality of downlink wavelengths into a plurality of downlink optical signals and transmits one divided downlink optical signal to each access-side optical module, and even if the optical modules are inserted in a mixed manner, the optical signals of the respective corresponding downlink wavelengths can be obtained from the received downlink optical signals. In another implementation mode, even if the optical modules are inserted in a mixed manner, the intermediate device can still couple received optical signals of a plurality of uplink wavelengths by means of an optical coupler and then transmit a coupled optical signal to a central optical module, so that although one or some photoelectric conversion submodules of the central optical module is / are caused to have a mismatch in transmission and reception, a routing and switching device can perform transmission and reception matching by using a transmission and reception matching module, thereby ensuring the reliability of optical communication.

Description

Optical communication system, method, related device, storage medium and program product

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202410022086.1, filed on January 5, 2024, entitled “Optical communication systems, methods, related devices, storage media and program products,” the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an optical communication system, method, related device, storage medium and program product. Background Art

[0003] Optical communication involves the transmission of information-carrying optical signals via optical fiber. To ensure the quality of optical communication, optical fiber can be directly installed in user rooms, achieving fiber-to-the-home (FTTH). In one FTTH scenario, optical fiber is installed in rooms on various floors within a campus, transmitting uplink and downlink information between the optical access devices in these rooms and the central switch within the campus.

[0004] Optical access devices are typically connected to a central switch via a combiner / demultiplexer. A central switch can communicate optically with multiple optical access devices through intermediary devices. Each optical access device is equipped with an optical module, which is connected via optical fiber to the same combiner / demultiplexer. The combiner / demultiplexer is then connected to the central switch, enabling optical communication between the multiple optical access devices and the central switch.

[0005] In the related art, a combiner / splitter has multiple ports, and the multiple ports correspond one-to-one to multiple pairs of wavelengths. Each pair of wavelengths includes an upstream wavelength and a downstream wavelength. The multiple pairs of wavelengths also correspond one-to-one to multiple optical modules. Among them, the optical fiber connected to the optical module needs to be inserted into the corresponding port according to the corresponding wavelength, that is, the multiple optical modules need to be aligned with the multiple ports and cannot be mixed. If mixed, for example, the upstream wavelength 1 corresponds to port 1 and optical module 1, and the upstream wavelength 2 corresponds to port 2 and optical module 2, if the optical fiber connected to optical module 1 is inserted into port 2, and the optical fiber connected to optical module 2 is inserted into port 1, it will cause port 1 and port 2 to receive optical signals with mismatched upstream wavelengths, then the combiner / splitter will not be able to process these mismatched optical signals, which will cause these optical signals to be unable to be transmitted to the central switch, thereby affecting optical communication.

[0006] It can be seen that multiple optical modules in the related art cannot be mixed, resulting in poor networking flexibility of optical communications, greater difficulty in equipment management and maintenance, and optical communications will be affected if the optical module is inserted into the wrong port.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] This application provides an optical communication system, method, related device, storage medium and program product, which can realize the mixed insertion of access-side optical modules, improve the flexibility of optical networking, and reduce the difficulty of equipment management and maintenance. The technical solution is as follows:

[0009] In a first aspect, an optical communication system is provided, comprising a central optical module, an intermediate device, and a plurality of access-side optical modules, wherein the central optical module is connected to the intermediate device via an optical fiber, the intermediate device comprises a plurality of ports, each of the plurality of access-side optical modules is connected to any one of the plurality of ports via an optical fiber, different access-side optical modules are connected to different ports, and each access-side optical module corresponds to a downlink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different downlink wavelengths;

[0010] The central optical module is used to transmit a first downlink optical signal to the intermediate device, where the first downlink optical signal has multiple downlink wavelengths, and the multiple downlink wavelengths include at least one downlink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module;

[0011] The intermediate device is configured to receive the second downstream optical signal, split the second downstream optical signal into a plurality of third downstream optical signals, and transmit one of the third downstream optical signals to the access-side optical module connected to the port through each of the plurality of ports, wherein the second downstream optical signal is an optical signal obtained by transmitting the first downstream optical signal through the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device, and each of the plurality of third downstream optical signals has a plurality of downstream wavelengths;

[0012] Each access side optical module among the multiple access side optical modules is used to receive a fourth downstream optical signal, and obtain an optical signal of a downstream wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module from the fourth downstream optical signal. The fourth downstream optical signal is an optical signal after the third downstream optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the access side optical module and the port.

[0013] That is, in order to achieve mixed insertion of optical modules without affecting optical communication, improve the networking flexibility of optical communication, and reduce the difficulty of equipment management and maintenance, the intermediate device divides the second downstream optical signal with multiple downstream wavelengths into multiple ones, and obtains multiple third downstream optical signals each with multiple downstream wavelengths. A third downstream optical signal is transmitted to multiple access-side optical modules through multiple ports. Even if multiple access-side optical modules are mixed, they can obtain optical signals of their corresponding downstream wavelengths from the received downstream optical signals.

[0014] In a first implementation, the access-side optical module includes a first filter; the first filter is configured to filter the fourth downlink optical signal to obtain an optical signal of a downlink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module.

[0015] The central optical module includes a first combiner, and the intermediate device also includes a first optical splitter. The first optical splitter is connected to multiple ports through optical fibers. The first combiner is used to obtain optical signals of multiple downstream wavelengths, combine the optical signals of the multiple downstream wavelengths into a first downstream optical signal, and transmit the first downstream optical signal to the first optical splitter. The first optical splitter is used to receive a second downstream optical signal, and split the second downstream optical signal into multiple third downstream optical signals by energy splitting, and transmit one third downstream optical signal to each of the multiple ports.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the intermediate device further includes a first optical splitter, and the central optical module further includes a second optical splitter. The first optical splitter is connected to the second optical splitter and the first optical splitter via optical fibers. The second optical splitter is also connected to the first combiner via optical fibers. The first combiner is further configured to transmit a first downstream optical signal to the second optical splitter. The second optical splitter is configured to transmit the first downstream optical signal to the first optical splitter. The first optical splitter is configured to receive the second downstream optical signal and transmit the second downstream optical signal to the first optical splitter. In this manner, communication between the intermediate device and the central optical module can be achieved via a single optical cable connection, i.e., communication is achieved via a single fiber.

[0017] Alternatively, the first combiner is connected to the first optical splitter via an optical fiber; the first combiner is further configured to transmit the first downlink optical signal to the first optical splitter. In this way, communication between the intermediate device and the central optical module can be achieved through two optical cables, i.e., dual-fiber communication.

[0018] In this application, each access side optical module also corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths;

[0019] Each access side optical module among the multiple access side optical modules is further used to transmit an optical signal of an uplink wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module to the port to which the access side optical module is connected;

[0020] The intermediate device is further configured to obtain, through multiple ports, optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths transmitted by multiple access-side optical modules, combine the received optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths into a first upstream optical signal, and transmit the first upstream optical signal to the central optical module;

[0021] The central optical module is further configured to receive a second uplink optical signal and decompose the second uplink optical signal into optical signals of multiple uplink wavelengths. The second uplink optical signal is an optical signal of the first uplink optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber between the intermediate device and the central optical module.

[0022] The access side optical module further includes a first laser, which is connected to the port via an optical fiber; the first laser is used to generate an optical signal of an uplink wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module and transmit the optical signal of the uplink wavelength to the connected port.

[0023] The intermediate device further includes a first optical coupler, the central optical module includes a first wavelength splitter, and the first optical coupler is connected to the multiple ports respectively through optical fibers; the first optical coupler is used to couple the optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths into a first uplink optical signal by energy merging;

[0024] The first demultiplexer is used to decompose the second uplink optical signal into optical signals of multiple uplink wavelengths.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the intermediate device also includes a first optical splitter, and the central optical module also includes a second optical splitter. The first optical splitter is connected to the second optical splitter and the first optical coupler via optical fibers, and the second optical splitter is also connected to the first wave splitter via optical fibers. The first optical coupler is also used to transmit a first uplink optical signal to the first optical splitter. The first optical splitter is used to transmit the first uplink optical signal to the second optical splitter. The second optical splitter is used to receive the second uplink optical signal and transmit the second uplink optical signal to the first wave splitter. In this way, considering both uplink and downlink, communication between the intermediate device and the central optical module can be achieved through a single optical cable connection, that is, communication is achieved through a single fiber.

[0026] Alternatively, the first wavelength splitter and the first optical coupler are connected via an optical fiber; the first optical coupler is used to transmit the first uplink optical signal to the first wavelength splitter. Thus, considering both uplink and downlink, communication between the intermediate device and the central optical module can be achieved using two optical cables, i.e., dual-fiber communication.

[0027] In another implementation, the access-side optical module includes a third optical splitter and a second filter, each connected to the port and the second filter via an optical fiber. The third optical splitter is configured to receive a fourth downstream optical signal and transmit it to the second filter. The second filter is configured to filter the fourth downstream optical signal to obtain an optical signal at the downstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module. In other words, the optical splitter in the intermediate device described in the first implementation is embedded in the access-side optical module.

[0028] Among them, the intermediate device also includes a second splitter, which is connected to multiple ports through optical fibers respectively, and the second splitter is also connected to the central optical module through optical fibers; the second splitter is used to divide the second downstream optical signal into multiple third downstream optical signals by energy splitting, and transmit the third downstream optical signal to multiple ports.

[0029] In this implementation, each access side optical module also corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths. The access side optical module also includes a second laser, and the second laser is connected to the third beam splitter via an optical fiber;

[0030] The second laser is used to generate an optical signal of an upstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module and transmit the optical signal of the upstream wavelength to the third optical splitter;

[0031] The third optical splitter is also used to transmit an optical signal of an upstream wavelength to the connected port;

[0032] The second optical splitter is further configured to couple optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths transmitted from multiple ports into a first upstream optical signal by energy combination, and transmit the first upstream optical signal to the central optical module.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the access side optical module is inserted into the access device, or the access side optical module is integrated into the access device, and the access device is used to access the optical communication system through the access side optical module;

[0034] The central optical module is inserted into the routing switching device, or the central optical module is integrated into the routing switching device, and the routing switching device is used to communicate with the access device through the central optical module.

[0035] In a second aspect, an optical communication method is provided, which is applied to a first optical module among multiple access side optical modules included in an optical communication system, the optical communication system also including an intermediate device, the intermediate device including multiple ports, each access side optical module in the multiple access side optical modules is connected to any one of the multiple ports via an optical fiber, different access side optical modules are connected to different ports, wherein the first optical module is connected to the first port of the multiple ports via an optical fiber, each access side optical module corresponds to a downlink wavelength, different access side optical modules correspond to different downlink wavelengths, wherein the first optical module corresponds to a first downlink wavelength; the method includes:

[0036] receiving a downlink optical signal transmitted from the first port, where the downlink optical signal has multiple downlink wavelengths, and the multiple downlink wavelengths include at least one downlink wavelength corresponding to an access-side optical module;

[0037] An optical signal of a first downstream wavelength is obtained from the downstream optical signal.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the first optical module includes a first filter;

[0039] Acquiring an optical signal of a first downstream wavelength from the downstream optical signal includes:

[0040] The first filter filters the downlink optical signal to obtain an optical signal of a first downlink wavelength.

[0041] In one possible implementation, each access-side optical module further corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths, wherein the first optical module further corresponds to the first uplink wavelength; and the method further includes:

[0042] generating an optical signal of a first upstream wavelength;

[0043] An optical signal of a first upstream wavelength is transmitted to the first port.

[0044] In a possible implementation, the first optical module further includes a first laser, and the first laser is connected to the first port via an optical fiber;

[0045] Generating an optical signal of a first upstream wavelength, including:

[0046] The first laser generates an optical signal of a first upstream wavelength.

[0047] In a possible implementation, the first optical module includes a first beam splitter and a second filter, and the first beam splitter is connected to the first port and the second filter respectively through optical fibers;

[0048] Receiving a downlink optical signal transmitted by the first port, comprising:

[0049] The first optical splitter receives the downlink optical signal transmitted by the first port;

[0050] Obtaining an optical signal at a first downstream wavelength from a downstream optical signal includes:

[0051] The first beam splitter transmits the downlink optical signal to the second filter;

[0052] The second filter demultiplexes the downlink optical signal to obtain an optical signal of a first downlink wavelength.

[0053] In one possible implementation, each access-side optical module further corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths. The first optical module further corresponds to the first uplink wavelength, and the first optical module further includes a second laser, which is connected to the first beam splitter. The method further includes:

[0054] The second laser generates an optical signal of the first upstream wavelength and transmits the optical signal of the first upstream wavelength to the first beam splitter;

[0055] The first optical splitter transmits an optical signal of a first upstream wavelength to the first port.

[0056] In a possible implementation, the first optical module is inserted into an access device, or the first optical module is integrated into the access device, and the access device is used to access the optical communication system through the first optical module.

[0057] In a third aspect, an optical communication method is provided, which is applied to an intermediate device in an optical communication system, the optical communication system further comprising a central optical module and multiple access side optical modules, the central optical module being connected to the intermediate device via an optical fiber, the intermediate device comprising multiple ports, each of the multiple access side optical modules being connected to any one of the multiple ports via an optical fiber, different access side optical modules being connected to different ports, and each access side optical module corresponding to a downlink wavelength, different access side optical modules corresponding to different downlink wavelengths; the method comprising:

[0058] receiving a first downlink optical signal transmitted by a central optical module to obtain a second downlink optical signal, wherein the first downlink optical signal has multiple downlink wavelengths, the multiple downlink wavelengths including at least one downlink wavelength corresponding to an access-side optical module, and the second downlink optical signal is an optical signal obtained by transmitting the first downlink optical signal through an optical fiber between the central optical module and an intermediate device;

[0059] dividing the second downstream optical signal into a plurality of third downstream optical signals, each of the plurality of third downstream optical signals having a plurality of downstream wavelengths;

[0060] A third downlink optical signal is transmitted to the access side optical module connected to the current port through each of the multiple ports, and the third downlink optical signal is used for each of the multiple access side optical modules to obtain an optical signal of a downlink wavelength corresponding to the current access side optical module.

[0061] In a possible implementation, the intermediate device further includes a first optical splitter, and the first optical splitter is connected to the multiple ports respectively through optical fibers;

[0062] Splitting the second downlink optical signal into a plurality of third downlink optical signals includes:

[0063] The first optical splitter divides the second downstream optical signal into a plurality of third downstream optical signals by energy splitting.

[0064] In a possible implementation, the intermediate device further includes a first optical splitter, the central optical module includes a second optical splitter, and the first optical splitter is connected to the second optical splitter and the first optical splitter respectively through optical fibers;

[0065] Receiving a first downlink optical signal transmitted by a central optical module to obtain a second downlink optical signal includes:

[0066] The first optical splitter receives the first downstream optical signal transmitted by the second optical splitter to obtain a second downstream optical signal.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the central optical module includes a first combiner, and the first combiner is connected to the first optical splitter via an optical fiber;

[0068] Receiving a first downlink optical signal transmitted by a central optical module to obtain a second downlink optical signal includes:

[0069] The first optical splitter receives the first downstream optical signal transmitted by the first combiner to obtain a second downstream optical signal.

[0070] In one possible implementation, each access-side optical module further corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths. The method further includes:

[0071] receiving optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths through the multiple ports, the multiple upstream wavelengths including at least one upstream wavelength corresponding to an access-side optical module;

[0072] Combining the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths into a first upstream optical signal;

[0073] Transmit a first uplink optical signal to the central optical module.

[0074] In a possible implementation, the intermediate device further includes a first optical coupler, and the first optical coupler is connected to the plurality of ports respectively via optical fibers;

[0075] Combining the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths into a first upstream optical signal includes:

[0076] The first optical coupler combines the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths into a first upstream optical signal by energy combination.

[0077] In a possible implementation, the intermediate device further includes a first optical splitter, the central optical module further includes a second optical splitter, and the first optical splitter is connected to the second optical splitter and the first optical coupler respectively through optical fibers;

[0078] Transmitting a first uplink optical signal to a central optical module includes:

[0079] The first optical coupler transmits a first uplink optical signal to the first optical splitter;

[0080] The first optical splitter transmits a first uplink optical signal to the second optical splitter.

[0081] In a possible implementation, the first optical splitter is further connected to the central optical module via an optical fiber;

[0082] Receiving a first downlink optical signal transmitted by a central optical module to obtain a second downlink optical signal includes:

[0083] The first optical splitter receives the first downstream optical signal transmitted by the central optical module to obtain a second downstream optical signal.

[0084] In one possible implementation, each access-side optical module further corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths. The method further includes:

[0085] The first optical splitter obtains optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths transmitted by the multiple ports, where the multiple upstream wavelengths include at least one upstream wavelength corresponding to an access-side optical module;

[0086] The first optical splitter couples the optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths transmitted by the multiple ports into a first upstream optical signal by energy combination, and transmits the first upstream optical signal to the central optical module.

[0087] In a fourth aspect, an optical communication method is provided, which is applied to a central optical module in an optical communication system, the optical communication system further comprising an intermediate device and a plurality of access side optical modules, the central optical module being connected to the intermediate device via an optical fiber, the intermediate device comprising a plurality of ports, each of the plurality of access side optical modules being connected to any one of the plurality of ports via an optical fiber, different access side optical modules being connected to different ports, and each access side optical module corresponding to a downlink wavelength, different access side optical modules corresponding to different downlink wavelengths; the method comprising:

[0088] Generate optical signals of multiple downstream wavelengths, the multiple downstream wavelengths including at least one downstream wavelength corresponding to an access-side optical module;

[0089] Combining the optical signals of the multiple downstream wavelengths into a first downstream optical signal, where the first downstream optical signal has the multiple downstream wavelengths;

[0090] A first downstream optical signal is transmitted to the intermediate device. The first downstream optical signal is used by the intermediate device to divide the received second downstream optical signal into multiple third downstream optical signals, and transmit a third downstream optical signal to the access side optical module connected to the port through each port of the multiple ports, so that the access side optical module obtains the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module from the received fourth downstream optical signal. The second downstream optical signal is an optical signal after the first downstream optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device. The fourth downstream optical signal is an optical signal after the third downstream optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the access side optical module and the port.

[0091] The central optical module is inserted into the routing switching device, or the central optical module is integrated into the routing switching device, and the routing switching device is used to access the optical communication system through the central optical module.

[0092] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, wherein the communication device has the function of implementing the optical communication method described in the second, third, or fourth aspects. The communication device includes one or more modules configured to implement the optical communication method described in the second, third, or fourth aspects.

[0093] In a sixth aspect, an optical communication system is provided, which includes a routing switching device, the routing switching device is inserted with a central optical module or integrated with a central optical module, the optical communication system also includes an intermediate device and multiple access side optical modules, the central optical module is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber, the routing switching device also includes a transceiver matching module, the central optical module includes a first splitter and multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules, the first splitter is connected to the multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules respectively through optical fibers, each optoelectronic conversion sub-module corresponds to an upstream wavelength and a downstream wavelength with a matching relationship, different optoelectronic conversion sub-modules correspond to different upstream wavelengths and corresponding downstream wavelengths are also different, the intermediate device includes a first optical coupler and multiple ports, the first optical coupler is connected to the multiple ports respectively through optical fibers, each of the multiple access side optical modules is connected to any one of the multiple ports through optical fibers, different access side optical modules are connected to different ports, each port corresponds to a downstream wavelength, different ports correspond to different downstream wavelengths, each access side optical module corresponds to an upstream wavelength, and different access side optical modules correspond to different upstream wavelengths;

[0094] Each of the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules is configured to obtain a first downlink electrical signal transmitted by the routing switch device, convert the obtained first downlink electrical signal into an optical signal of a downlink wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule, and transmit the optical signal of the downlink wavelength to the intermediate device;

[0095] The intermediate device is used to obtain optical signals of multiple downstream wavelengths, and transmit the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to each port to the access-side optical module connected to the port through each port of the multiple ports, wherein the multiple downstream wavelengths include the downstream wavelength corresponding to at least one port;

[0096] A first optical module among the multiple access-side optical modules is used to receive an optical signal of a first downstream wavelength transmitted by a first port to which the first optical module is connected, and is also used to transmit an optical signal of a first upstream wavelength to the first port, where the first downstream wavelength does not match the first upstream wavelength, and the first optical module is any one of the multiple access-side optical modules;

[0097] The intermediate device is further configured to receive optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths through the multiple ports, couple the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths into a first upstream optical signal through a first optical coupler, and transmit the first upstream optical signal to the central optical module, wherein the multiple upstream wavelengths include at least one upstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module;

[0098] The first demultiplexer is used to obtain the first uplink optical signal, decompose the first uplink optical signal into optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths, and transmit the optical signal of the uplink wavelength corresponding to each access-side optical module to the multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules respectively;

[0099] Each optoelectronic conversion submodule is further configured to convert an optical signal of an uplink wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule into a first uplink electrical signal, and transmit the first uplink electrical signal to the transceiver matching module;

[0100] The transceiver matching module is used to match multiple first downlink electrical signals transmitted by multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules with multiple first uplink electrical signals to determine the uplink wavelength optical signal sent and the downlink wavelength optical signal received by the same access side optical module.

[0101] It can be seen that even if multiple access side optical modules are mixed, the uplink wavelength of the optical signal transmitted by each access side optical module to the intermediate device may not match the downlink wavelength of the received optical signal, but the intermediate device can still couple the optical signals of multiple uplink wavelengths received by multiple ports through the optical coupler and transmit them to the central optical module. In this way, although the optical signal sent and the received optical signal of one or some optoelectronic conversion sub-modules of the central optical module may not be the optical signal of the same access side optical module, that is, there is a mismatch between transmission and reception of multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules, the routing switching device can use the transceiver matching module to determine the optical signals sent and received by the same access side optical module, that is, perform transceiver matching, thereby ensuring the reliability of optical communication.

[0102] The central optical module further includes a first combiner, and the intermediate device further includes a second splitter. The first combiner is connected to the plurality of optoelectronic conversion submodules respectively through optical fibers, and the second splitter is connected to the plurality of ports respectively through optical fibers.

[0103] The first combiner is used to combine the optical signals of the multiple downstream wavelengths into a first downstream optical signal, and transmit the first downstream optical signal to the second demultiplexer;

[0104] The second wavelength splitter is used to receive the second downstream optical signal, decompose the first downstream optical signal into multiple downstream wavelength optical signals, and transmit the downstream wavelength optical signal corresponding to each port to multiple ports respectively. The second downstream optical signal is the optical signal of the first downstream optical signal after being transmitted through the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device.

[0105] In one possible implementation, the intermediate device further includes a first optical splitter, and the central optical module further includes a second optical splitter. The first optical splitter is connected to the second wave splitter, the first optical coupler, and the second optical splitter through optical fibers, and the second optical splitter is further connected to the first wave combiner and the first wave splitter through optical fibers.

[0106] The first optical splitter is used to receive the first uplink optical signal transmitted by the first optical coupler, transmit the first uplink optical signal to the second optical splitter, and receive the first downlink optical signal transmitted by the second optical splitter to obtain the second uplink optical signal, and transmit the second downlink optical signal to the second demultiplexer;

[0107] The second optical splitter is used to obtain the first downstream optical signal transmitted by the first combiner, transmit the first downstream optical signal to the first optical splitter, and obtain the first upstream optical signal transmitted by the first optical splitter to obtain the second upstream optical signal, and transmit the second upstream optical signal to the first splitter.

[0108] In this way, communication between the intermediate device and the central optical module can be achieved through a single optical cable connection, that is, communication is achieved through a single fiber.

[0109] Alternatively, the first combiner is connected to the second splitter, and the first optical coupler is connected to the first splitter; the first combiner is used to transmit the first downlink optical signal to the second splitter, and the first optical coupler is used to transmit the first uplink optical signal to the first splitter. In this way, communication between the intermediate device and the central optical module can be achieved through two optical cables, that is, communication is achieved via dual fibers.

[0110] The access side optical module is inserted into the access device, or the access side optical module is integrated into the access device, and the access device is used to access the optical communication system through the access side optical module.

[0111] In a seventh aspect, an optical communication method is provided, characterized in that it is applied to a first optical module among multiple access-side optical modules included in an optical communication system, the optical communication system also includes an intermediate device and a routing switching device, the routing switching device is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber, the intermediate device includes multiple ports, the first optical module is connected to a first port of the multiple ports through an optical fiber, the first port is any one of the multiple ports, each port corresponds to a downstream wavelength, different ports correspond to different downstream wavelengths, the first port corresponds to a first downstream wavelength, the downstream wavelength is also matched with an upstream wavelength, different downstream wavelengths match different upstream wavelengths, the first optical module corresponds to a first upstream wavelength, and the first upstream wavelength does not match the first downstream wavelength; the method includes:

[0112] receiving an optical signal of a first downstream wavelength transmitted by the first port;

[0113] An optical signal of the first upstream wavelength is transmitted to the first port, so as to transmit the optical signal of the first upstream wavelength to the routing switching device through the intermediate device. The routing switching device is used to match the optical signal of the downstream wavelength received by the same access side optical module with the optical signal of the upstream wavelength sent.

[0114] In an eighth aspect, an optical communication method is provided, which is applied to an intermediate device in an optical communication system, wherein the optical communication system further includes a routing switching device and a plurality of access side optical modules, the routing switching device and the intermediate device are connected via an optical fiber, the intermediate device includes a first optical coupler and a plurality of ports, the first optical coupler is connected to the plurality of ports respectively via an optical fiber, each access side optical module is connected to any one port via an optical fiber, different access side optical modules are connected to different ports, each port corresponds to a downstream wavelength, different ports correspond to different downstream wavelengths, each downstream wavelength is further matched with an upstream wavelength, different downstream wavelengths match different upstream wavelengths, each access side optical module corresponds to an upstream wavelength, and different access side optical modules correspond to different upstream wavelengths; the method includes:

[0115] Acquire optical signals of multiple downstream wavelengths transmitted by a routing switching device, where the multiple downstream wavelengths include a downstream wavelength corresponding to at least one port;

[0116] Transmitting an optical signal of a downstream wavelength corresponding to the port to an access-side optical module connected to the port through each of the multiple ports, and receiving an optical signal of an upstream wavelength transmitted by the access-side optical module through the multiple ports, wherein the downstream wavelength of the optical signal transmitted by the same port among the multiple ports does not match the upstream wavelength of the optical signal received by the same port;

[0117] coupling the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths received through the multiple ports into a first upstream optical signal through a first optical coupler;

[0118] The first uplink optical signal is transmitted to the routing switching device, which is used to determine the uplink wavelength optical signal sent and the downlink wavelength optical signal received by the same access side optical module by matching multiple uplink wavelength optical signals with multiple downlink wavelength optical signals.

[0119] In a ninth aspect, an optical communication method is provided, which is applied to a routing and switching device in an optical communication system, wherein the routing and switching device is inserted with a central optical module or integrated with a central optical module, and the optical communication system further includes an intermediate device and multiple access side optical modules, the central optical module is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber, the routing and switching device further includes a transceiver matching module, the central optical module includes a first splitter and multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules, the first splitter is connected to the multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules respectively through optical fibers, each optoelectronic conversion sub-module corresponds to an upstream wavelength and a downstream wavelength with a matching relationship, different optoelectronic conversion sub-modules correspond to different upstream wavelengths and corresponding downstream wavelengths are also different, the intermediate device includes multiple ports, each of the multiple access side optical modules is connected to any one of the multiple ports through an optical fiber, different access side optical modules are connected to different ports, each port corresponds to a downstream wavelength, different ports correspond to different downstream wavelengths, each access side optical module corresponds to an upstream wavelength, and different access side optical modules correspond to different upstream wavelengths; the method includes:

[0120] Each of the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules obtains a first downstream electrical signal transmitted by the routing switching device, converts the obtained first downstream electrical signal into an optical signal of a downstream wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule, and transmits the optical signal of the downstream wavelength to the intermediate device;

[0121] Each optoelectronic conversion submodule receives an optical signal of an upstream wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule transmitted by an intermediate device, converts the optical signal of the upstream wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule into a first upstream electrical signal, and transmits the first upstream electrical signal to the transceiver matching module;

[0122] The transceiver matching module matches the multiple first downlink electrical signals transmitted by the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules with the multiple first uplink electrical signals to determine the uplink wavelength optical signal sent and the downlink wavelength optical signal received by the same access side optical module.

[0123] In a tenth aspect, a communication device is provided, wherein the communication device has the function of implementing the optical communication method described in the seventh aspect, the eighth aspect, or the ninth aspect. The communication device includes one or more modules, wherein the one or more modules are used to implement the optical communication method described in the seventh aspect, the eighth aspect, or the ninth aspect.

[0124] In an eleventh aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a program for executing the optical communication method provided in the second aspect, third aspect, fourth aspect, seventh aspect, eighth aspect, or ninth aspect, and to store data involved in implementing the optical communication method provided in the second aspect, third aspect, fourth aspect, seventh aspect, eighth aspect, or ninth aspect. The processor is configured to execute the program stored in the memory. The communication device may further comprise a communication bus for establishing a connection between the processor and the memory.

[0125] In the twelfth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which instructions are stored. When the computer-readable storage medium is run on a computer, the computer executes the optical communication method described in the second aspect, the third aspect, the fourth aspect, the seventh aspect, the eighth aspect, or the ninth aspect.

[0126] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the optical communication method described in the second aspect, the third aspect, the fourth aspect, the seventh aspect, the eighth aspect, or the ninth aspect.

[0127] The technical effects obtained in the second to fourth aspects are similar to those obtained by the corresponding technical means in the first aspect, and are not described in detail here. The technical effects obtained in the sixth to thirteenth aspects are similar to those obtained by the corresponding technical means in the fifth aspect, and are not described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0128] FIG1 is an architecture diagram of an optical communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0129] FIG2 is an architecture diagram of another optical communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0130] FIG3 is an architecture diagram of another optical communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0131] FIG4 is an architecture diagram of another optical communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0132] FIG5 is an architecture diagram of another optical communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0133] FIG6 is an architecture diagram of another optical communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0134] FIG7 is a flow chart of an optical communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0135] FIG8 is a flow chart of another optical communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0136] FIG9 is a flowchart of another optical communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0137] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0138] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0139] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0140] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0141] To facilitate understanding, some terms involved in the embodiments of this application are first introduced.

[0142] Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), also known as wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), typically utilizes multiple wavelengths to achieve multitasking. WDM is a data transmission technology in which, in optical communication systems, different optical signals are carried by different colors (i.e., wavelengths or frequencies), and multiple optical signals of different wavelengths are multiplexed and transmitted on a single optical fiber. The optical communication system and method provided in the embodiments of the present application are applied to WDM systems, resolving the issue of the inability to intermix access-side optical modules in WDM systems of the related art.

[0143] Point to multi-point (P2MP): A transmission mode that transmits data from one source to one or more receivers.

[0144] Passive optical network (PON): As an emerging broadband access fiber technology covering the last mile, it does not require node equipment at the optical branching point, only a simple optical splitter is required. Therefore, it has the advantages of saving optical cable resources, sharing bandwidth resources, saving equipment room investment, high equipment security, fast network construction, and low overall network construction cost. The intermediate device in the embodiment of this application is a passive device that can be used in a passive optical network.

[0145] Next, the background knowledge of the embodiments of this application is introduced.

[0146] The embodiments of this application are designed for the evolution of campus network architecture, but are not limited to campus networks. The demand for this solution is triggered by the evolution of campus networks to all-optical campuses, so the embodiments of this application will be explained according to the evolution of campus architecture and the route of this solution.

[0147] First, let’s introduce the architecture of traditional campus networks, what drives the evolution of campus network architecture, and the direction of evolution.

[0148] In traditional campus networks, the network structure is primarily a tree-like structure, with a three-layer network being the most typical example. The three layers are the access layer, the aggregation layer, and the core layer. In traditional structures, the access layer directly extends network cables to network-using devices (also known as user devices, such as personal computers (PCs) and Wi-Fi devices). The aggregation layer aggregates north-south data and exchanges east-west data. The access layer primarily connects downward (to network-using devices) via network cables. Optical fiber is typically used to connect the access layer to the aggregation layer, and vice versa. Connections between each layer are point-to-point (P2P). Neither optical fiber nor network cables converge; data convergence and exchange occur only at switches.

[0149] The specific location of the three-tier structure varies slightly in different types of parks.

[0150] In large campuses, network construction is typically based on buildings. A core switching area (i.e., the core layer) is set up for the entire campus. Each building can be built using a two-layer tree-like structure, with each building acting as an independent convergence point. This tree-like architecture allows data exchange within a building to occur locally, while data exchange between buildings is handled through the core layer.

[0151] Medium-sized campuses typically use a two-tier architecture, but a three-tier architecture can also be adopted depending on network scale and business needs. A three-tier architecture is suitable when there are many network access points and multiple aggregation points are required. For example, in a new office building, a weak current room on each floor can serve as an aggregation point, with the entire building adopting a three-tier architecture with a core layer. A three-tier architecture is suitable when different business operations require isolation, such as when departments require separate aggregation points for each business type or department.

[0152] Having briefly introduced the traditional three-tier architecture of campus networks, we will now introduce the next-generation campus architecture (i.e., the all-optical campus architecture). Current research in the field of all-optical campuses is primarily divided into two systems: the passive optical LAN (POL) solution based on PON technology, and the all-optical Ethernet solution based on traditional Ethernet. Both systems have their own advantages and disadvantages. This solution aims to integrate these two systems, achieving a deep convergence of Internet Protocol (IP) and optical communication.

[0153] Among them, POL is a local area network based on PON technology, which provides users with integrated data, voice, video and other weak current services through optical fiber. POL is a solution that directly applies access network PON technology to the campus. Taking the traditional three-layer campus network as an example to illustrate the application of POL in the campus network, POL replaces the access and aggregation layers, placing the optical line terminal (OLT) equipment and the core layer switch together, and using passive splitters and optical fibers in the middle to complete the P2MP connection. Compared with traditional solutions, POL can simplify the network architecture and realize the transformation of a three-layer network into a two-layer network. At the same time, because the optical network units (ONUs) of the OLT equipment and user equipment are placed at both ends of the network, the intermediate link can be made completely passive, reducing the amount of equipment maintenance and reducing the power consumption of the equipment. In addition, the P2MP design can significantly save the use of optical fiber and reduce the space required for equipment deployment.

[0154] The application of PON technology in all-optical campuses has triggered the evolution of traditional Ethernet networks towards all-optical solutions. Key challenges faced by traditional campus network solutions include: a lack of direct fiber optic access to every room, multiple network layers, a high number of optical fibers and cables, and active devices in all interconnected links. To address these challenges, exploration of Ethernet-based all-optical campuses has begun.

[0155] In the fiber-to-the-home scenario, the user-side switch is miniaturized and its functions are weakened to obtain a box-type access switch. For example, a 24-port box-type access switch can be placed directly on the user's desktop to form a 4-port or 8-port desktop switch, thus realizing direct fiber pulling.

[0156] As can be seen from the foregoing, the embodiments of the present application are mainly used in wavelength division systems, and in the current wavelength division scheme, the access side optical module needs to be aligned with the port of the combiner / splitter, that is, the access side optical module and the port of the combiner / splitter cannot be mixed. For example, the optical fiber connected to the access side optical module 1 needs to be plugged into port 1 of the combiner / splitter, and cannot be plugged into other ports. The access device is usually located in the user's room, and the combiner / splitter may be located in the central computer room of the building, which is far away. It may take multiple attempts to pair the optical fibers connected to multiple access side optical modules, which is very time-consuming and labor-intensive. In addition, these multiple access side optical modules require multiple different codes to correspond to different upstream and downstream wavelengths through different codes.

[0157] The embodiments of the present application can realize the mixed insertion or normalization of color light scattered optical modules (i.e., access side optical modules) of the wavelength division system, thereby improving the networking flexibility of optical communications and reducing the difficulty of equipment management and maintenance.

[0158] Next, the implementation environment involved in the embodiments of this application is introduced.

[0159] Figure 1 is an architectural diagram of an optical communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 1 , the system includes a central optical module, an intermediate device, and multiple access-side optical modules. The central optical module is connected to the intermediate device via optical fiber. The intermediate device includes multiple ports. Each access-side optical module is connected to any port of the intermediate device via optical fiber, with different access-side optical modules connected to different ports.

[0160] The multiple access side optical modules can be mixed and inserted into the multiple ports, without having to worry about the correspondence between the ports, access side optical modules and upstream and downstream wavelengths. That is, each access side optical module can be connected to any port.

[0161] In the embodiments of the present application, the access-side optical module is inserted into the access device, or the access-side optical module is integrated into the access device, and the access device is used to access the above-mentioned optical communication system through the access-side optical module. Similarly, the central optical module is inserted into the routing switching device, or the central optical module is integrated into the routing switching device, and the routing switching device is used to communicate with the access device through the central optical module.

[0162] Access devices can be referred to as optical access devices, access points (APs), or other devices in the industry. Access devices can also be called optical access devices, optical line terminals, or other names. Routing and switching devices can be switches (such as local area network switches (LSWs)) or routers. Routing and switching devices can also be called central switches, core switches, or other names. Central optical modules can also be called core-side optical modules or central-end optical modules. Access-side optical modules can also be called terminal optical modules.

[0163] The central optical module, the intermediate device, and the multiple access-side optical modules are used to perform optical communication according to the optical communication method provided in the embodiments of this application, that is, to transmit uplink and downlink information via optical signals. To achieve hybrid insertion of optical modules, the embodiments of this application provide multiple specific implementations, which are described below in conjunction with Figures 2 to 6.

[0164] Figures 2 and 3 are architecture diagrams of two other optical communication systems provided in the embodiments of the present application. The specific process of transmitting downlink information and transmitting uplink information in the first specific implementation will be described below with reference to Figures 2 and 3.

[0165] First, the specific process of transmitting downlink information is introduced.

[0166] In a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system, downlink information is transmitted via optical signals with downlink wavelengths. Each access-side optical module corresponds to a downlink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different downlink wavelengths. For example, if the system includes eight access-side optical modules, then these eight access-side optical modules correspond to eight different downlink wavelengths.

[0167] During the transmission of downlink information, the central optical module is used to transmit a first downlink optical signal to an intermediate device. The first downlink optical signal has multiple downlink wavelengths, including a downlink wavelength corresponding to at least one access-side optical module. The first downlink optical signal carries downlink information transmitted to at least one access device. The intermediate device is used to receive a second downlink optical signal, split the second downlink optical signal into multiple third downlink optical signals, and transmit one of the third downlink optical signals to the access-side optical module connected to the port via each of its multiple ports. Each of the multiple third downlink optical signals has multiple downlink wavelengths and carries downlink information transmitted to the at least one access device. Each of the multiple access-side optical modules is used to obtain an optical signal at the downlink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module from the received fourth downlink optical signal. The multiple access devices are the access devices to which the multiple access-side optical modules belong. The second downlink optical signal is the optical signal of the first downlink optical signal transmitted via the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device. The fourth downlink optical signal is the optical signal of the third downlink optical signal transmitted via the optical fiber between the access-side optical module and the port.

[0168] It should be understood that, considering the loss of optical signals during transmission over longer distances of optical fiber, the optical signal sent by the central optical module is not exactly the same as the optical signal received by the intermediate device, and the optical signal sent by the intermediate device is not exactly the same as the optical signal received by the access-side optical module. Based on this, in the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used to distinguish between the transmitted and received optical signals. Simply put, the first downstream optical signal becomes the second downstream optical signal due to loss after being transmitted through the optical fiber, and the third downstream optical signal becomes the fourth downstream optical signal due to damage after being transmitted through the optical fiber.

[0169] The above-mentioned first downstream optical signal and second downstream optical signal are both composite optical signals (such as color optical signals). The intermediate device divides the received composite optical signal into multiple composite optical signals, thereby transmitting a composite optical signal with multiple downstream wavelengths to multiple access side optical modules. In this way, even if the multiple access side optical modules are mixed, they can obtain the corresponding downstream wavelength optical signal from the received composite optical signal, and then the above-mentioned multiple access devices can obtain the corresponding downstream information from the corresponding downstream wavelength optical signal, thereby ensuring communication reliability.

[0170] The at least one access side optical module mentioned above includes the access side optical module currently in communication. For example, when all access side optical modules in the optical communication system are currently in communication, the at least one access side optical module includes all access side optical modules in the optical communication system. The at least one port mentioned below is similar.

[0171] Among them, the central optical module includes a first combiner, and the intermediate device also includes a first optical splitter, which is connected to the above-mentioned multiple ports respectively through optical fibers; the first combiner is used to obtain the above-mentioned multiple downstream wavelength optical signals, combine the above-mentioned multiple downstream wavelength optical signals into a first downstream optical signal, and transmit the first downstream optical signal to the first optical splitter; the first optical splitter is used to receive the second downstream optical signal, and divide the second downstream optical signal into the above-mentioned multiple third downstream optical signals by energy splitting, and transmit one third downstream optical signal to each of the multiple ports.

[0172] That is, the first combiner is capable of combining multiple input signals of different wavelengths into a single signal. In this embodiment of the present application, the first combiner has multiple input ports and one output port. The multiple input ports correspond one-to-one to the multiple downstream wavelengths. Each input port is configured to receive an optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the input port, and the output port is configured to output the combined first downstream optical signal.

[0173] 2 and 3 , the first combiner may be implemented by a multiplexer (MUX) or other devices with similar functions, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0174] The first optical splitter can split a signal into multiple signals by energy splitting. For example, the first optical splitter has an input end and multiple output ends, each of which is connected to the multiple ports. The input end is used to receive the second downstream optical signal, and the multiple output ends are used to output a third downstream optical signal.

[0175] In one possible implementation, the first optical splitter divides the second downstream optical signal into multiple third downstream optical signals in an energy-equalizing manner, and the energies of the multiple third downstream optical signals are the same. Alternatively, the first optical splitter may not evenly divide the energy, but distribute the energy of the second downstream optical signal according to other proportions, that is, the energies of the multiple third downstream optical signals obtained may be different, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. In the case where the intermediate device is a passive device, the sum of the energies of the multiple third downstream optical signals does not exceed the energy of the second downstream optical signal. In the case where the intermediate device is an active device, the sum of the energies of the multiple third downstream optical signals may exceed the energy of the second downstream optical signal. For example, the intermediate device also includes an energy amplifier, which utilizes the energy amplifier to make the sum of the energies of the multiple third downstream optical signals exceed the energy of the second downstream optical signal, thereby improving the quality of the third downstream optical signal.

[0176] The first optical splitter may be implemented by an optical splitter, or by other devices with similar functions, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0177] In one possible implementation, the central optical module further includes multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules, and the first combiner is connected to the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules via optical fibers. The optoelectronic conversion submodules correspond to an upstream wavelength and a downstream wavelength that have a matching relationship. Different optoelectronic conversion submodules correspond to different upstream wavelengths and different downstream wavelengths. Each optoelectronic conversion submodule is used to obtain a first downstream electrical signal transmitted by a routing switching device (such as the LSW shown in Figures 2 and 3), convert the first downstream electrical signal into an optical signal of a downstream wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule, and transmit the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule to the first combiner. The first combiner is used to obtain multiple downstream wavelength optical signals transmitted by the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules. The first downstream electrical signal carries downstream information.

[0178] Each of the multiple photoelectric conversion submodules includes a photodiode (PD) and a laser diode (LD). Referring to Figures 2 and 3, taking the central optical module as an example, which includes three photoelectric conversion submodules, the first photoelectric conversion submodule includes LD1 and PD1, the second photoelectric conversion submodule includes LD2 and PD2, and the third photoelectric conversion submodule includes LD3 and PD3. In other embodiments, the photoelectric conversion submodules may also be represented by O / E (E / O), where 'O' stands for optical and 'E' stands for electricity. Each photoelectric conversion submodule is used to perform photoelectric conversion on the received optical signal.

[0179] It should be understood that the fact that LD1, LD2, and LD3 are drawn in a box in the figure does not mean that the physical locations of LD1, LD2, and LD3 must be together. Similarly, the fact that PD1, PD2, and PD3 are drawn in a box does not mean that the physical locations of PD1, PD2, and PD3 must be together. The physical locations of these components can be set according to actual conditions, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. For example, LD1 and PD1 can be set together, LD2 and PD2 can be set together, and LD3 and PD3 can be set together. The same principle applies to similar places in the subsequent embodiment figures, which will not be repeated in the following text.

[0180] In one possible implementation, referring to FIG2 , the intermediate device further includes a splitter, which is referred to as a first splitter, and the central optical module also includes a splitter, which is referred to as a second splitter. The first splitter is connected to the second splitter and the first splitter respectively through optical fibers, and the second splitter is further connected to the first combiner through optical fibers; the first combiner is further used to transmit the first downstream optical signal to the second splitter; the second splitter is used to transmit the first downstream optical signal to the first splitter; the first splitter is used to receive the second downstream optical signal and transmit the second downstream optical signal to the first splitter.

[0181] It should be understood that, for the sake of ease of understanding and simplicity, since the loss of optical signals transmitted in the same device is very small and almost negligible, the naming of optical signals in the same device is simplified in the embodiments of the present application. In the absence of misunderstanding, the optical signals sent and received between different modules within the same device are named as the same optical signal. For example, the optical signal sent by the first optical splitter to the first optical splitter and the optical signal received by the first optical splitter are both called the second downstream optical signal. In fact, due to the loss in optical fiber transmission, there may be certain differences between the optical signal sent by the module and the optical signal received by the opposite module. For example, there may be certain differences between the second downstream optical signal sent by the first optical splitter to the first optical splitter and the second downstream optical signal received by the first optical splitter.

[0182] Alternatively, referring to FIG3 , the first combiner of the central optical module is directly connected to the first optical splitter of the intermediate device via an optical fiber; the first combiner is further configured to transmit the first downlink optical signal to the first optical splitter.

[0183] Referring to Figures 2 and 3 , the access-side optical module includes a first filter configured to filter the received fourth downstream optical signal to obtain an optical signal at the downstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module. In other words, each access-side optical module filters a received composite optical signal having multiple downstream wavelengths through a filter to obtain an optical signal at the downstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module.

[0184] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the access side optical module also includes a PD, which is connected to the first filter through an optical fiber. The first filter is also used to transmit the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module to the PD. The PD is used to perform photoelectric conversion on the received optical signal of the downstream wavelength to obtain a second downstream electrical signal, and transmit the second downstream electrical signal to other modules of the access device, so that other modules of the access device can obtain corresponding downstream information from the second downstream electrical signal, or transmit the second downstream electrical signal to the user terminal connected to the access device.

[0185] Alternatively, the access-side optical module includes a second wavelength splitter, which is configured to split the third downstream optical signal transmitted by the port to obtain optical signals of multiple downstream wavelengths, and then determine the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module from the multiple downstream wavelength optical signals. In other words, the first filter described above can be replaced with the second wavelength splitter. The second wavelength splitter is connected to the PD and is also configured to transmit the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module to the PD.

[0186] The above describes the transmission process of downlink information. Next, the transmission process of uplink information will be described.

[0187] In a wavelength division system, uplink information is transmitted via an optical signal with an uplink wavelength. Each access-side optical module also corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths. For example, if the system includes eight access-side optical modules, then these eight access-side optical modules correspond to eight different uplink wavelengths. In an embodiment of the present application, the uplink wavelength is different from the downlink wavelength. For example, the uplink wavelength is greater than the downlink wavelength, or the uplink wavelength is less than the downlink wavelength. This facilitates the transmission of uplink and downlink signals in a single optical cable, making networking relatively simple.

[0188] In the process of transmitting uplink information, each of the multiple access side optical modules is also used to transmit an optical signal of the uplink wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module to the connected port; the intermediate device is also used to obtain the optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths transmitted by the multiple access side optical modules through the above-mentioned multiple ports, merge the optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths into a first uplink optical signal, and transmit the first uplink optical signal to the central optical module; the central optical module is also used to decompose the first uplink optical signal into the optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths. Among them, the optical signal of each uplink wavelength carries the uplink information transmitted by the corresponding access device, and the first uplink optical signal carries the uplink information transmitted by the above-mentioned multiple access devices. That is, the optical signal of the uplink wavelength transmitted by the access side optical module is a single wavelength signal (i.e., a gray light signal), and the first uplink optical signal is a composite optical signal.

[0189] In one possible implementation, the access side optical module also includes a first laser, which is connected to the port through an optical fiber; the first laser is used to generate an optical signal of an uplink wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module and transmit the optical signal of the uplink wavelength to the connected port.

[0190] The first laser is a single-wavelength laser, i.e., a single-frequency laser, or a wavelength-tunable laser. Referring to Figures 2 and 3 , the first laser includes an LD, which is a single-frequency laser capable of generating gray light of a single frequency (i.e., an optical signal of a single wavelength), or a wavelength-tunable laser capable of generating optical signals of multiple wavelengths. In this embodiment of the present application, the LD is used to generate an optical signal of the uplink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module.

[0191] In one possible implementation, referring to Figures 2 and 3, the intermediate device also includes an optical coupler, which is referred to as a first optical coupler, and the central optical module includes a wavelength splitter, which is referred to as a first wavelength splitter. The first optical coupler is connected to the above-mentioned multiple ports respectively through optical fibers; the first optical coupler is used to couple the above-mentioned multiple upstream wavelength optical signals into a first upstream optical signal by energy merging; the first wavelength splitter is used to decompose the first upstream optical signal into the above-mentioned multiple upstream wavelength optical signals.

[0192] That is, the first optical coupler can couple multiple input signals into a single signal. In the embodiment of the present application, the first optical coupler has multiple input ports and one output port. Each of the multiple input ports can receive an optical signal of any wavelength, and the output port is used to output the coupled first uplink optical signal. It can be seen that the functions of an optical coupler are opposite to those of an optical splitter.

[0193] The first optical coupler can be implemented by an optical coupling, or by other devices with similar functions, and this embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. In this embodiment of the present application, the optical coupler and the optical splitter can be the same device, that is, the device has both the functions of optical splitting and optical coupling. Of course, in other embodiments, the optical coupler and the optical splitter can also be different devices.

[0194] The first splitter is capable of splitting a single signal into multiple signals of different wavelengths based on wavelength. For example, the first splitter has an input port and multiple output ports, each of which corresponds one-to-one to multiple upstream wavelengths. Each output port is connected to one of the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules according to the corresponding upstream wavelength. That is, the upstream wavelength corresponding to each output port is the same as the upstream wavelength corresponding to the connected optoelectronic conversion submodule. The input port of the first splitter is used to receive the first upstream optical signal, and the multiple output ports are used to output optical signals of the corresponding upstream wavelengths to the connected optoelectronic conversion submodules.

[0195] 2 and 3 , the first demultiplexer may be implemented by a demultiplexer (DEMUX) or other devices with similar functions, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0196] Each optoelectronic conversion submodule is used to convert the received optical signal into a first uplink electrical signal after receiving the optical signal of the uplink wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule, and transmit the first uplink electrical signal to other modules of the routing and switching device, so that the routing and switching device can obtain corresponding uplink information from the first uplink electrical signal, or perform other processing on the first uplink electrical signal, such as transmitting the first uplink electrical signal to other network devices.

[0197] From the foregoing, it can be seen that in one implementation, as shown in Figure 2, the intermediate device also includes a first optical splitter, and the central optical module also includes a second optical splitter. Then, in a possible implementation, the first optical splitter is also connected to the first optical coupler through an optical fiber, and the second optical splitter is also connected to the first wave splitter through an optical fiber; the first optical coupler is also used to transmit the first uplink optical signal to the first optical splitter; the first optical splitter is used to transmit the first uplink optical signal to the second optical splitter; the second optical splitter is used to transmit the first uplink optical signal to the first wave splitter.

[0198] In another implementation, as shown in FIG3 , the first wave splitter of the central optical module is directly connected to the first optical coupler of the intermediate device via an optical fiber; the first optical coupler is used to transmit the first uplink optical signal to the first wave splitter.

[0199] Considering both upstream and downstream, if the intermediate device includes a first optical splitter and the central optical module includes a second optical splitter, communication between the intermediate device and the central optical module can be achieved by connecting the first and second optical splitters via a single optical cable, simplifying networking. If the first combiner of the central optical module is directly connected to the first optical splitter of the intermediate device via optical fiber, and the first demultiplexer of the central optical module is directly connected to the first optical coupler of the intermediate device via optical fiber, communication between the intermediate device and the central optical module can also be achieved using two optical cables.

[0200] It should be noted that the first and second optical splitters can filter upstream and downstream optical signals based on the difference in upstream and downstream wavelengths. For example, if the upstream wavelength is greater than a first threshold and the downstream wavelength is less than the first threshold, the first optical splitter will treat the optical signal with a wavelength greater than the first threshold as the upstream optical signal and transmit it to the central optical module, and treat the optical signal with a wavelength less than the first threshold as the downstream optical signal and transmit it to the first optical splitter.

[0201] 2 and 3 , in the first specific implementation described above, multiple access-side optical modules can be mixed and inserted, and the intermediate devices can be passive. This optical networking method is more flexible and reduces the difficulty of equipment management and maintenance.

[0202] In one possible implementation, each of the multiple ports of the intermediate device is implemented as a physical port that can both receive optical signals from the access-side optical module and transmit optical signals to the access-side optical module. Alternatively, each of the multiple ports is implemented as a pair of physical ports, each of which includes an uplink port and a downlink port, where the uplink port is used to receive optical signals from the access-side optical module and the downlink port is used to transmit optical signals to the access-side optical module. Regardless of whether each port of the intermediate device is implemented as a single physical port or a pair of physical ports, each port is connected to the access-side optical module via two optical cables, so that the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal are transmitted respectively via these two optical cables.

[0203] Taking the number of the multiple access side optical modules as 8 as an example, the 8 access side optical modules can be mixed into the 8 ports of the intermediate device. Each of these 8 ports includes two physical ports. Then each of these 8 access side optical modules is connected to the two physical ports included in one port through 2 optical cables.

[0204] As can be seen from the above, this solution can be applied to campus optical networking. The campus's central switch, serving as a routing and switching device, typically includes multiple central optical modules. Each central optical module communicates with multiple access-side optical modules, thereby enabling a large-scale optical communication system. Each central optical module and its connected access-side optical modules can be flexibly networked according to the first specific implementation method described above.

[0205] For example, a routing switch device includes eight central optical modules. Each of these eight central optical modules is connected to eight access-side optical modules via an intermediate device. This routing switch device can communicate with 64 access-side optical modules, and the eight access-side optical modules connected to each central optical module can be intermixed on the eight ports of the intermediate device connected to this central optical module. If these 64 access-side optical modules are divided into eight groups, the first specific implementation method described above can achieve intra-group intermixing of optical modules. Each group includes eight access-side optical modules connected to one central optical module.

[0206] FIG4 is an architecture diagram of another optical communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. Next, the specific process of transmitting downlink information and transmitting uplink information in the second specific implementation will be described with reference to FIG4.

[0207] First, the specific process of transmitting downlink information is introduced.

[0208] In a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system, downlink information is transmitted via optical signals with downlink wavelengths. Each access-side optical module corresponds to a downlink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different downlink wavelengths. For example, if the system includes eight access-side optical modules, then these eight access-side optical modules correspond to eight different downlink wavelengths.

[0209] During the transmission of downlink information, the central optical module is used to transmit a first downlink optical signal to an intermediate device. The first downlink optical signal has multiple downlink wavelengths, including a downlink wavelength corresponding to at least one access-side optical module. The first downlink optical signal carries downlink information transmitted to at least one access device. The intermediate device is used to receive a second downlink optical signal, split the second downlink optical signal into multiple third downlink optical signals, and transmit one of the third downlink optical signals to the access-side optical module connected to the port via each of the multiple ports. Each of the multiple third downlink optical signals has multiple downlink wavelengths and carries downlink information transmitted to the at least one access device. Each of the multiple access-side optical modules is used to receive a fourth downlink optical signal and obtain an optical signal at the downlink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module from the received fourth downlink optical signal. The multiple access devices are the access devices to which the multiple access-side optical modules belong. The second downlink optical signal is the optical signal of the first downlink optical signal transmitted via the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device, and the fourth downlink optical signal is the optical signal of the third downlink optical signal transmitted via the optical fiber between the access-side optical module and the port.

[0210] That is, the first downstream optical signal and the second downstream optical signal are both composite optical signals. The intermediate device divides the received composite optical signal into multiple composite optical signals, thereby transmitting a composite optical signal with multiple downstream wavelengths to multiple access-side optical modules. In this way, even if the multiple access-side optical modules are mixed, they can all obtain optical signals of corresponding downstream wavelengths from the received composite optical signal, and then the above-mentioned multiple access devices can all obtain corresponding downstream information from the optical signals of corresponding downstream wavelengths, thereby ensuring communication reliability.

[0211] Among them, the central optical module includes a first combiner (the MUX shown in Figure 4), and the intermediate device also includes a second optical splitter (the optical splitter shown in Figure 4). The second optical splitter is connected to the above-mentioned multiple ports respectively through optical fibers, and the second optical splitter is also connected to the central optical module through optical fibers; the first combiner is used to obtain the above-mentioned multiple downstream wavelength optical signals and combine the above-mentioned multiple downstream wavelength optical signals into a first downstream optical signal; the second optical splitter is used to receive the second downstream optical signal and divide the second downstream optical signal into the above-mentioned multiple third downstream optical signals by energy splitting, and transmit one third downstream optical signal to each of the multiple ports.

[0212] The first combiner here has the same specific function and implementation as the first combiner in the first specific implementation, which will not be repeated here. The second optical splitter here has the same specific function and implementation as the first optical splitter in the first specific implementation, which will not be repeated here.

[0213] In one possible implementation, the central optical module further includes multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules. The first combiner is connected to each of the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules via optical fibers. The optoelectronic conversion submodules correspond to a matching upstream wavelength and downstream wavelength. Different optoelectronic conversion submodules correspond to different upstream wavelengths and downstream wavelengths. Each optoelectronic conversion submodule is configured to obtain a first downstream electrical signal transmitted by the routing switching device, convert the obtained first downstream electrical signal into an optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule, and transmit the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule to the first combiner. The first combiner is configured to obtain the multiple downstream wavelength optical signals transmitted by the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules. The first downstream electrical signal carries downstream information.

[0214] The structure of the photoelectric conversion submodule in FIG4 is similar to the structure of the photoelectric conversion submodule in FIG2 and FIG3 , and will not be repeated here.

[0215] The central optical module also includes a splitter, referred to as a second splitter. The second splitter is connected to the first combiner of the central optical module and to the second splitter of the intermediate device. The second splitter is configured to transmit the first downlink optical signal to the second splitter. In other words, unlike the first specific implementation, the intermediate device in this second specific implementation may not include a splitter.

[0216] In the case where the intermediate device does not include a splitter, in order to distinguish between uplink and downlink signals, the first splitter in the first specific implementation can be sunk into the access-side optical module. For example, in the second specific implementation, the access-side optical module includes a splitter and a filter, the splitter is called a third splitter, and the filter is called a second filter. The third splitter is connected to the second filter and the port of the intermediate device via optical fibers; the third splitter is used to receive the third downlink optical signal transmitted from the port of the intermediate device via optical fiber, obtain a fourth downlink optical signal, and transmit the fourth downlink optical signal to the second filter; the second filter is used to filter the fourth downlink optical signal to obtain an optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module.

[0217] Referring to Figure 4 , the access-side optical module also includes a PD, which is connected to a second filter via an optical fiber. The second filter is also used to transmit optical signals of a downstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module to the PD. The second filter here has the same specific functions and implementation as the first filter in the first specific implementation described above, and will not be further described here. Similarly, the PD here has the same specific functions and implementation as the PD in the first specific implementation described above, and will not be further described here.

[0218] The second filter here can also be replaced with a splitter. For example, the access-side optical module includes a third splitter (which can be implemented by DEMUX), which is used to split the third downstream optical signal transmitted by the port to obtain optical signals of multiple downstream wavelengths, and then determine the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module from the multiple downstream wavelength optical signals. The specific function and implementation of the third splitter here are the same as those of the third splitter in the first specific implementation method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0219] The above describes the transmission process of downlink information. Next, the transmission process of uplink information will be described.

[0220] In a wavelength division system, uplink information is transmitted via an optical signal with an uplink wavelength. Each access-side optical module also corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths. For example, if the system includes eight access-side optical modules, then these eight access-side optical modules correspond to eight different uplink wavelengths. In an embodiment of the present application, the uplink wavelength is different from the downlink wavelength. For example, the uplink wavelength is greater than the downlink wavelength, or the uplink wavelength is less than the downlink wavelength. This facilitates the transmission of uplink and downlink signals in a single optical cable, making networking relatively simple.

[0221] In the process of transmitting uplink information, each of the multiple access-side optical modules is also used to transmit an optical signal of the uplink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module to the connected port; the intermediate device is also used to obtain the optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths transmitted by the multiple access-side optical modules through the above-mentioned multiple ports, merge the optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths into a first uplink optical signal, and transmit the first uplink optical signal to the central optical module; the central optical module is also used to decompose the first uplink optical signal into the optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths. Among them, the optical signal of each uplink wavelength carries the uplink information transmitted by the corresponding access device, and the first uplink optical signal carries the uplink information transmitted by the above-mentioned multiple access devices. That is, the optical signal of the uplink wavelength transmitted by the access-side optical module is a single wavelength signal, and the first uplink optical signal is a composite optical signal.

[0222] Among them, the access side optical module also includes a second laser (such as the LD in Figure 4), which is connected to the third splitter through an optical fiber; the second laser is used to generate an optical signal of the uplink wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module, and transmit the optical signal of the uplink wavelength to the third splitter; the third splitter is also used to transmit the optical signal of the uplink wavelength to the connected port.

[0223] The specific function and implementation method of the second laser here are the same as those of the first laser in the above-mentioned first specific implementation method, and will not be repeated here.

[0224] The second optical splitter included in the intermediate device is also used to couple the multiple upstream wavelength optical signals transmitted by multiple ports into a first upstream optical signal through energy merging, and transmit the first upstream optical signal to the central optical module. In other words, the second optical splitter here simultaneously has the functions of the first optical splitter and the first optical coupler in the first implementation method described above, and the splitting of the downstream signal and the coupling of the upstream signal are achieved through this single optical splitter. In this implementation method, communication between the intermediate device and the central optical module can be achieved by connecting the second optical splitter and the second optical splitter through a single optical cable, which simplifies networking and facilitates equipment maintenance and management.

[0225] Alternatively, the intermediate device further includes a second optical coupler, which is used to couple the optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths transmitted by multiple ports into a first upstream optical signal by energy merging, and transmit the first upstream optical signal to the central optical module. In other words, the intermediate device includes both a second optical splitter and a second optical coupler, and these two devices are used to respectively realize the splitting of the downstream signal and the coupling of the upstream signal. The second optical coupler is respectively connected to the multiple ports via optical fibers, and the second optical coupler is also connected to the second optical splitter of the central optical module.

[0226] The specific function and implementation method of the second optical coupler here are the same as those of the first optical coupler in the above-mentioned first specific implementation method, and will not be repeated here.

[0227] The central optical module also includes a first wave splitter, which is connected to the second beam splitter. The first wave splitter is used to receive the first uplink optical signal transmitted by the second beam splitter and decompose the first uplink optical signal into the above-mentioned multiple uplink wavelength optical signals. The specific function and implementation of the first wave splitter here are the same as those of the first wave splitter in the first specific implementation method above, and will not be repeated here.

[0228] After the first splitter transmits the optical signals of multiple uplink wavelengths to the corresponding optoelectronic conversion sub-modules respectively, the optoelectronic conversion sub-module converts the received optical signal into a first uplink electrical signal and transmits the first uplink electrical signal to other modules of the routing and switching device, so that the routing and switching device can obtain corresponding uplink information from the first uplink electrical signal, or perform other processing on the first uplink electrical signal, such as transmitting the first uplink electrical signal to other network devices.

[0229] Considering both upstream and downstream, the first optical splitter of the intermediate device in the first specific implementation is sunk into the access-side optical module, thus evolving into the second specific implementation described above. This also enables the intermixing of multiple access-side optical modules, specifically the intermixing of optical modules within a group, improving the flexibility of optical networking and reducing the difficulty of equipment management and maintenance.

[0230] The implementation method of multiple ports of the intermediate device in the second specific implementation is similar to the implementation method of multiple ports in the above-mentioned first specific implementation, and will not be repeated here.

[0231] Figures 5 and 6 are architecture diagrams of two other optical communication systems provided in the embodiments of the present application. Next, the specific process of transmitting downlink information and transmitting uplink information in the third specific implementation will be introduced in conjunction with Figures 5 and 6.

[0232] 5 and 6, the optical communication system includes a routing switching device (such as the LSW in the figure), the routing switching device is plugged into a central optical module or integrated with a central optical module, the optical communication system also includes an intermediate device and multiple access side optical modules, the central optical module is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber, the routing switching device also includes a transceiver matching module, the central optical module includes a first splitter (as shown in FIG5 or FIG6 The DEMUX in the central optical module and a plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules, the first splitter is connected to the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules respectively through optical fibers, and the optoelectronic conversion sub-module is connected to an upstream wavelength and a matching relationship. Corresponding to the downlink wavelength, different optoelectronic conversion sub-modules have different corresponding uplink wavelengths and corresponding downlink wavelengths. The intermediate device includes a first optical coupler (the optical coupler in the intermediate device shown in Figure 5 or Figure 6) and multiple ports. The first optical coupler is connected to the multiple ports respectively through optical fibers. Each access side optical module is connected to any port of the intermediate device through an optical fiber. Different access side optical modules are connected to different ports. Each port corresponds to a downlink wavelength, and different ports correspond to different downlink wavelengths. Each access side optical module corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths.

[0233] The structure of the photoelectric conversion submodule in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 is similar to the structure of the photoelectric conversion submodule in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , and will not be repeated here.

[0234] Each optoelectronic conversion submodule is used to obtain a first downstream electrical signal transmitted by the routing switching device, convert the obtained first downstream electrical signal into an optical signal of a downstream wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule, and transmit the optical signal of the downstream wavelength to the intermediate device;

[0235] The intermediate device is used to obtain optical signals of multiple downstream wavelengths and transmit the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to each port to the access-side optical module connected to the port through each port of the multiple ports, wherein the multiple downstream wavelengths include at least one downstream wavelength corresponding to the above-mentioned port;

[0236] A first optical module among the multiple access-side optical modules is used to receive an optical signal of a first downstream wavelength transmitted by the first port, and is also used to transmit an optical signal of a first upstream wavelength to the first port, where the first downstream wavelength does not match the first upstream wavelength. The first optical module is any one of the multiple access-side optical modules, and the first port is a port to which the first optical module is connected.

[0237] The intermediate device is further configured to receive optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths through multiple ports, couple the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths into a first upstream optical signal through a first optical coupler, and transmit the first upstream optical signal to the central optical module, wherein the multiple upstream wavelengths include at least one upstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module;

[0238] The first demultiplexer is used to obtain the first uplink optical signal, decompose the first uplink optical signal into the optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths, and transmit the optical signal of the uplink wavelength corresponding to each optoelectronic conversion submodule to the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules respectively;

[0239] Each optoelectronic conversion submodule is further configured to convert an optical signal of an uplink wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule into a first uplink electrical signal, and transmit the first uplink electrical signal to the transceiver matching module;

[0240] The transceiver matching module is configured to match multiple first downlink electrical signals transmitted by multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules with multiple first uplink electrical signals to determine the optical signal of the uplink wavelength transmitted and the optical signal of the downlink wavelength received by the same access-side optical module. The multiple first downlink electrical signals include the first downlink electrical signals transmitted by multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules, and the multiple first uplink electrical signals include the first uplink electrical signals transmitted by multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules.

[0241] It can be seen that even if multiple access-side optical modules are mixed and plugged into multiple ports of the intermediate device, resulting in one or more ports of the intermediate device receiving an optical signal of any possible upstream wavelength among the multiple upstream wavelengths, the optical signal of this upstream wavelength can still be transmitted to the central optical module through coupling via the first optical coupler of the intermediate device. Even if this results in the downstream optical signal and the upstream optical signal transmitted by the same optoelectronic conversion submodule not being optical signals of the same access-side optical module, that is, the transmission and reception of the same optoelectronic module are not matched, this solution can still achieve transmission and reception matching through the transceiver matching module of the routing and switching device.

[0242] The specific function and implementation method of the first wave splitter of the central optical module are the same as those of the first wave splitter in the above-mentioned first specific implementation method, and are not repeated here.

[0243] The at least one port mentioned above includes a port that is currently communicating. For example, if all ports of the intermediate device are currently transmitting downlink optical signals, the at least one port includes all ports of the intermediate device. The at least one port mentioned below is similar.

[0244] Among them, the central optical module also includes a first combiner (the MUX in the central optical module shown in Figure 5 or Figure 6), and the intermediate device also includes a second splitter (the DEMUX in the intermediate device shown in Figure 5 or Figure 6). The first combiner is connected to the above-mentioned multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules respectively through optical fibers, and the second splitter is connected to the multiple ports of the intermediate device respectively through optical fibers; the first combiner is used to combine the above-mentioned multiple downstream wavelengths of optical signals into a first downstream optical signal, and transmit the first downstream optical signal to the intermediate device; the second splitter is used to receive the second downstream optical signal, decompose the second downstream optical signal into the above-mentioned multiple downstream wavelengths of optical signals, and transmit the downstream wavelength optical signal corresponding to each port to the multiple ports respectively.

[0245] The specific function and implementation method of the first combiner here are the same as those of the first combiner in the above-mentioned first specific implementation method, and are not repeated here.

[0246] The second splitter can split a single signal into multiple signals of different wavelengths based on wavelength. For example, the second splitter has an input port and multiple output ports, each of which corresponds to a plurality of downstream wavelengths. Each output port is connected to one of the plurality of ports according to its corresponding downstream wavelength. That is, the downstream wavelength corresponding to each output port is the same as the downstream wavelength corresponding to the port to which it is connected. The input port of the second splitter is used to receive the second downstream optical signal, and the multiple output ports are used to output optical signals of the corresponding downstream wavelengths to the ports to which they are connected.

[0247] In the third specific implementation method, the access side optical module does not require a filter, a splitter, or a splitter. The optical signal of the downstream wavelength transmitted by the port of the intermediate device can be directly transmitted to the PD included in the access side optical module, and the optical signal of the upstream wavelength generated by the LD included in the access side optical module can also be directly transmitted to the port of the intermediate device.

[0248] Similar to the first specific implementation method, see Figure 5, the intermediate device also includes a first optical splitter, and the central optical module also includes a second optical splitter. The first optical splitter is connected to the second splitter, the first optical coupler, and the second optical splitter respectively through optical fibers, and the second optical splitter is also connected to the first combiner and the first splitter respectively through optical fibers; the first optical splitter is used to receive the first uplink optical signal transmitted by the first optical coupler, transmit the first uplink optical signal to the second optical splitter, and receive the first downlink optical signal transmitted by the second optical splitter to obtain the second downlink optical signal, and transmit the second downlink optical signal to the second splitter; the second optical splitter is used to receive the first downlink optical signal transmitted by the first combiner, transmit the first downlink optical signal to the first optical splitter, and receive the first uplink optical signal transmitted by the first optical splitter to obtain the second uplink optical signal, and transmit the second uplink optical signal to the first splitter. In this way, communication between the intermediate device and the central optical module can be achieved through a single optical cable, making networking simpler and easier to manage and maintain.

[0249] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 6 , a first combiner is connected to a second splitter, and a first optical coupler is connected to the first splitter. The first combiner is used to transmit a first downlink optical signal to the second splitter, and the first optical coupler is used to transmit a first uplink optical signal to the first splitter. In this way, communication between the intermediate device and the central optical module can also be achieved using two optical cables.

[0250] The implementation method of multiple ports of the intermediate device in the third specific implementation is similar to the implementation method of multiple ports in the above-mentioned first specific implementation, and will not be repeated here.

[0251] The transceiver matching module in the routing switch device can be a module in the chip of the routing switch device, such as the chip in the central switch. This solution uses the upper chip for transceiver matching, ensuring the reliability of optical communication under the premise of mixed insertion of access-side optical modules.

[0252] The above, in conjunction with Figures 2 to 6, introduces three specific implementation methods provided by the embodiments of this application. These three specific implementation methods can achieve mixed insertion of access-side optical modules while ensuring the reliability of optical communication, improve the flexibility of optical networking, and reduce the difficulty of equipment management and maintenance. The above three specific implementation methods can be applied individually or in combination to achieve flexible networking in different scenarios.

[0253] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field will know that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0254] As can be seen from the above, in order to achieve hybrid insertion of access-side optical modules, the embodiments of the present application provide at least three specific implementation methods of the optical communication system. Among them, the second specific implementation method can be understood as sinking the optical splitter included in the intermediate device in the first implementation method into the access-side optical module. That is, the principle of the second specific implementation method is similar to that of the first specific implementation method, while the principle of the third specific implementation method is different from that of the first two specific implementation methods. Next, the corresponding optical communication methods of these optical communication systems will be introduced in two embodiments. The first of these two embodiments corresponds to the first two specific implementation methods, and the second embodiment corresponds to the third specific implementation method.

[0255] Figure 7 is a flow chart of an optical communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. This method embodiment corresponds to the first two specific implementations mentioned above. The method is applied to an optical communication system, which includes a central optical module, an intermediate device, and multiple access side optical modules. The central optical module is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber. The intermediate device includes multiple ports. Each access side optical module is connected to any one of the multiple ports through an optical fiber. Different access side optical modules are connected to different ports. Each access side optical module corresponds to a downlink wavelength, and different access side optical modules correspond to different downlink wavelengths. Please refer to Figure 7. The method includes the following steps.

[0256] Step 701: A central optical module generates optical signals of multiple downstream wavelengths, where the multiple downstream wavelengths include at least one downstream wavelength corresponding to an access-side optical module.

[0257] The central optical module is inserted into the routing switching device, or the central optical module is integrated into the routing switching device, and the routing switching device is used to access the optical communication system through the central optical module.

[0258] The central optical module includes multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules, each of which corresponds to a matching upstream wavelength and downstream wavelength. Different optoelectronic conversion submodules correspond to different upstream wavelengths and downstream wavelengths. Each optoelectronic conversion submodule obtains a first downstream electrical signal transmitted by a routing switching device and converts the obtained first downstream electrical signal into an optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule. The first downstream electrical signal originates from other network devices or is generated by a routing switching device. The first downstream electrical signal carries downstream information transmitted to the access-side optical module. Each of the multiple downstream wavelength optical signals carries downstream information transmitted to the corresponding access-side optical module.

[0259] Step 702: The central optical module combines the optical signals of the multiple downstream wavelengths into a first downstream optical signal, where the first downstream optical signal has the multiple downstream wavelengths.

[0260] The central optical module includes a first combiner, which is connected to each of the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules via optical fibers. The optoelectronic conversion submodule transmits the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule to the first combiner. After receiving the optical signals of the multiple downstream wavelengths transmitted by the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules, the first combiner combines these multiple downstream wavelength optical signals into a first downstream optical signal. The first downstream optical signal is a composite optical signal having multiple downstream wavelengths. The first downstream optical signal carries the downstream information transmitted to the multiple access-side optical modules.

[0261] In addition to combining the optical signals of the multiple downstream wavelengths through the first combiner, the central optical module can also perform this operation through other devices with similar functions, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0262] Step 703: The central optical module transmits a first downlink optical signal to the intermediate device.

[0263] In one implementation, the central optical module further includes a second optical splitter, the first combiner is further connected to the second optical splitter via an optical fiber, and the second optical splitter is connected to the intermediate device via an optical fiber. The first combiner transmits the first downlink optical signal to the second optical splitter, and the second optical splitter transmits the first downlink optical signal to the intermediate device.

[0264] In another implementation, the first combiner is directly connected to the intermediate device via an optical fiber. The first combiner transmits the first downlink optical signal to the intermediate device.

[0265] The above two implementations correspond to the optical communication systems shown in Figures 2 and 3, respectively, that is, to the first specific implementation of the optical communication system. In the second specific implementation of the optical communication system, the central optical module also includes a second splitter, which is connected to the intermediate device via an optical fiber.

[0266] Step 704: The intermediate device receives a second downstream optical signal, where the second downstream optical signal is the first downstream optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device.

[0267] In an implementation in which the central optical module also includes a second optical splitter, corresponding to the first specific implementation of the optical communication system, the intermediate device also includes a first optical splitter, and the first optical splitter and the second optical splitter are connected via an optical fiber. The second optical splitter transmits a first downstream optical signal to the first optical splitter, and the first optical splitter receives the first downstream optical signal transmitted by the second optical splitter to obtain a second downstream optical signal. In addition, the intermediate device also includes a first optical splitter, and the first optical splitter and the first optical splitter are connected via an optical fiber. The first optical splitter also transmits the second downstream optical signal to the first optical splitter.

[0268] In an implementation in which the first combiner of the central optical module is directly connected to the intermediate device via an optical fiber, corresponding to the first specific implementation of the optical communication system, the intermediate device also includes a first optical splitter, and the first combiner and the first optical splitter are connected via an optical fiber. The first combiner transmits a first downstream optical signal to the first optical splitter, and the first optical splitter receives the first downstream optical signal transmitted by the first combiner to obtain a second downstream optical signal.

[0269] In the second specific implementation of the optical communication system, the central optical module further includes a second optical splitter, the intermediate device includes a second optical splitter, the second optical splitter and the second optical splitter are connected via an optical fiber, and the second optical splitter transmits the first downlink optical signal to the second optical splitter. The second optical splitter receives the first downlink optical signal transmitted by the second optical splitter to obtain a second downlink optical signal.

[0270] Step 705: The intermediate device divides the second downstream optical signal into a plurality of third downstream optical signals, where each of the plurality of third downstream optical signals has the plurality of downstream wavelengths.

[0271] That is, the third downlink optical signal is also a composite optical signal having the multiple downlink wavelengths and also carries downlink information transmitted to the multiple access-side optical modules.

[0272] As can be seen from the above, the intermediate device further includes a first optical splitter or a second optical splitter. Then, the first optical splitter or the second optical splitter splits the second downstream optical signal into multiple third downstream optical signals by energy splitting.

[0273] Taking the first optical splitter as an example, the first optical splitter divides the second downstream optical signal into multiple third downstream optical signals in an energy-equalizing manner, and the energy of the multiple third downstream optical signals is the same. Alternatively, the first optical splitter may not evenly divide the energy, but distribute the energy of the second downstream optical signal according to other proportions, that is, the energy of the multiple third downstream optical signals obtained may be different, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. In the case where the intermediate device is a passive device, the sum of the energy of the multiple third downstream optical signals does not exceed the energy of the second downstream optical signal. In the case where the intermediate device is an active device, the sum of the energy of the multiple third downstream optical signals may exceed the energy of the second downstream optical signal. For example, the intermediate device also includes an energy amplifier, which uses the energy amplifier to make the sum of the energy of the multiple third downstream optical signals exceed the energy of the second downstream optical signal, thereby improving the quality of the third downstream optical signal.

[0274] In addition to distributing energy to the second downstream wavelength optical signal through the first optical splitter or the second optical splitter, the intermediate device may also perform this operation through other devices with similar functions, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0275] Step 706: The intermediate device transmits a third downlink optical signal to the access-side optical module connected to each port through the multiple ports.

[0276] In an implementation where the intermediate device includes a first optical splitter, the first optical splitter is further connected to multiple ports of the intermediate device via optical fibers. The first optical splitter transmits the third downstream optical signal to each of the multiple ports, thereby transmitting the third downstream optical signal to the connected access-side optical module via each port.

[0277] In an implementation where the intermediate device includes a second optical splitter, the second optical splitter is further connected to multiple ports of the intermediate device via optical fibers. The second optical splitter transmits the third downstream optical signal to each of the multiple ports, thereby transmitting the third downstream optical signal to the connected access-side optical module via each port.

[0278] Step 707: The access-side optical module receives a fourth downstream optical signal, where the fourth downstream optical signal is the third downstream optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber between the access-side optical module and the port.

[0279] Taking the first optical module among the multiple access-side optical modules as an example, the first optical module is connected to the first port of the intermediate device. The first optical module receives the third downlink optical signal transmitted by the first port to obtain a fourth downlink optical signal. This can be briefly described herein as: the first optical module receives the downlink optical signal transmitted by the first port. The downlink optical signal received by the first optical module includes optical signals at the multiple downlink wavelengths described above.

[0280] The first optical module is any one of the multiple access side optical modules, which is inserted into an access device or integrated into an access device, and the access device is used to access the optical communication system through the first optical module.

[0281] Step 708: The access-side optical module obtains an optical signal of a downstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module from the fourth downstream optical signal.

[0282] Still taking the first optical module as an example, the first optical module corresponds to the first downstream wavelength, and the first optical module obtains the optical signal of the first downstream wavelength from the fourth downstream optical signal.

[0283] Corresponding to the first specific implementation of the optical communication system, in an embodiment of the present application, the first optical module includes a first filter. The first filter filters the downlink optical signal received by the first optical module to obtain an optical signal of a first downlink wavelength. Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the first optical module includes a second wavelength splitter, which splits the downlink optical signal received by the first optical module and determines the optical signal of the first downlink wavelength from the multiple downlink wavelength optical signals obtained by the splitting.

[0284] Corresponding to the second specific implementation of the optical communication system, in an embodiment of the present application, the first optical module includes a third beam splitter and a second filter (or a third wavelength splitter), and the third beam splitter is connected to the first port and the first filter respectively via optical fibers. The first beam splitter receives the third downstream optical signal transmitted from the first port and transmits the third downstream optical signal to the second filter. The second filter demultiplexes the received fourth downstream optical signal to obtain an optical signal of the first downstream wavelength.

[0285] In addition to processing the downlink optical signal received by the access side optical module through a filter splitter to obtain an optical signal of a downlink wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module, the access side optical module can also perform this operation through other devices with similar functions, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0286] In addition, different access-side optical modules can obtain optical signals of corresponding downstream wavelengths through the same or different methods. For example, multiple access-side optical modules can obtain optical signals of corresponding downstream wavelengths through the first filter, or some access-side optical modules can obtain optical signals of corresponding downstream wavelengths through the first filter, while other access-side optical modules can obtain optical signals of corresponding downstream wavelengths through the second splitter.

[0287] In one possible implementation, the first optical module also includes a PD. In addition to obtaining the optical signal of the first downstream wavelength, the first filter (or the second splitter or the second filter or the third splitter) transmits the optical signal of the first downstream wavelength to the PD. The PD performs photoelectric conversion on the optical signal of the first downstream wavelength to obtain a second downstream electrical signal, and transmits the second downstream electrical signal to other modules of the access device, so that the other modules of the access device can obtain corresponding downstream information from the second downstream electrical signal, or transmit the second downstream electrical signal to the user terminal connected to the access device.

[0288] The transmission process of downlink information in the first specific implementation manner is described above through steps 701 to 708. Next, the transmission process of uplink information in the first specific implementation manner will be described through steps 801 to 806.

[0289] In the embodiment of the present application, each access side optical module also corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths. Referring to Figure 8, the transmission process of uplink information includes the following steps.

[0290] Step 801: The access-side optical module generates an optical signal corresponding to an upstream wavelength and transmits the optical signal corresponding to the upstream wavelength to the connected port.

[0291] The optical signal of the uplink wavelength carries the uplink information transmitted by the corresponding access-side optical module.

[0292] Taking the first optical module mentioned above as an example, the first optical module also corresponds to the first uplink wavelength. The first optical module generates an optical signal of the first uplink wavelength and transmits the optical signal of the first uplink wavelength to the first port. The optical signal of the first uplink wavelength carries the uplink information transmitted by the first optical module.

[0293] In the embodiment of the present application, the first optical module is an active optical module, for example, the first optical module further includes a laser, the laser being connected to the first port via an optical fiber. The laser generates an optical signal of a first upstream wavelength and transmits the optical signal of the first upstream wavelength to the first port.

[0294] In a first specific implementation of the optical communication system, the laser in the first optical module may be referred to as a first laser. The first laser is connected to the first port and transmits an optical signal of a first upstream wavelength to the first port. In one possible implementation, the first laser includes an LD. The LD is connected to the first port via an optical fiber. The LD generates an optical signal of the first upstream wavelength and transmits the optical signal of the first upstream wavelength to the first port.

[0295] In a second specific implementation of the optical communication system, the laser in the first optical module may be referred to as a second laser. The second laser is connected to the third beam splitter. The second laser transmits an optical signal of the first upstream wavelength to the third beam splitter, and the third beam splitter transmits the optical signal of the first upstream wavelength to the first port. In one possible implementation, the third laser includes an LD. The LD is connected to the third beam splitter via an optical fiber. The LD generates an optical signal of the first upstream wavelength and transmits the optical signal of the first upstream wavelength to the third beam splitter.

[0296] In some other possible embodiments, the first optical module is a passive optical module, which can receive an optical signal of an uplink wavelength corresponding to the first optical module injected by other light sources. The injected optical signal of the uplink wavelength may not carry uplink information. The first optical module can modulate the received optical signal to obtain an optical signal that carries the uplink information and still has the uplink wavelength.

[0297] The manners in which the above-mentioned multiple access-side optical modules generate optical signals of their respective corresponding uplink wavelengths may be the same or different, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0298] Step 802: The intermediate device receives optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths through multiple ports, where the multiple upstream wavelengths include at least one upstream wavelength corresponding to an access-side optical module.

[0299] The optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths respectively carry uplink information transmitted by the corresponding access-side optical modules.

[0300] Step 803: The intermediate device combines the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths into a first upstream optical signal.

[0301] The first uplink optical signal has the multiple uplink wavelengths, and the first uplink optical signal carries the uplink information transmitted by the multiple access-side optical modules.

[0302] In accordance with the first specific implementation of the optical communication system, the intermediate device further includes a first optical coupler, which is connected to multiple ports of the intermediate device via optical fibers. The multiple ports transmit optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths to the first optical coupler, and the first optical coupler combines the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths into a first upstream optical signal through energy combining.

[0303] The first optical coupler includes multiple input ports. Regardless of which upstream wavelength optical signal each of the multiple input ports receives, the first optical coupler can couple the multiple upstream wavelength optical signals received through the multiple input ports into a first upstream optical signal and output the first upstream optical signal. In the related art, the intermediate device is a splitter / combiner, that is, the intermediate device combines multiple upstream wavelength optical signals through a combiner. The combiner also includes multiple input ports. These multiple input ports correspond one-to-one to multiple upstream wavelengths. Each input port needs to receive the upstream wavelength optical signal corresponding to the input port. Only in this way can the combiner combine multiple upstream wavelength optical signals. If one or some input ports receive an optical signal that does not correspond to the upstream wavelength, the combiner will not be able to combine the optical signals, and the upstream wavelength optical signal will not be able to be transmitted to the central optical module. Simply put, the access side optical module, the port of the intermediate device, and the input port of the combiner in the related art need to correspond one-to-one. The access side optical modules cannot be mixed. If mixed, the transmission of the upstream wavelength optical signal will fail.

[0304] Corresponding to the second specific implementation method of the optical communication system, the first optical splitter included in the intermediate device can not only split the downlink optical signal, but also couple multiple uplink wavelength optical signals, that is, the first optical splitter also combines the multiple uplink wavelength optical signals into a first uplink optical signal by energy merging.

[0305] In addition to combining optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths through an optical coupler to obtain a first upstream optical signal, the intermediate device may also perform this operation through other devices with similar functions, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0306] Step 804: The intermediate device transmits a first uplink optical signal to the central optical module.

[0307] In one implementation, the intermediate device further includes a first optical splitter, and the central optical module further includes a second optical splitter. The first optical splitter, the second optical splitter, and the first optical coupler are each connected via optical fibers. The first optical coupler transmits a first uplink optical signal to the first optical splitter, which in turn transmits the first uplink optical signal to the second optical splitter. For both uplink and downlink communication, a single optical cable is sufficient to connect the intermediate device and the central optical module.

[0308] In another implementation, the first optical coupler of the intermediate device is connected to the first splitter of the central optical module via an optical fiber, and the first optical coupler transmits the first uplink optical signal to the first splitter. In terms of uplink and downlink, two optical cables are sufficient to connect the intermediate device and the central optical module.

[0309] The above two implementations correspond to the first specific implementation of the optical communication system. In the second specific implementation of the optical communication system, the first optical splitter of the intermediate device transmits the first uplink optical signal to the second optical splitter of the central optical module.

[0310] Step 805: The central optical module receives a second uplink optical signal, where the second uplink optical signal is an optical signal of the first uplink optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber between the intermediate device and the central optical module.

[0311] In the implementation mode where the central optical module includes a second optical splitter, the second optical splitter receives the second uplink optical signal. In addition, the second optical splitter is connected to the first wavelength splitter of the central optical module via an optical fiber and transmits the second uplink optical signal to the first wavelength splitter.

[0312] In an implementation manner in which the first optical coupler of the intermediate device is connected to the first wavelength splitter of the central optical module through an optical fiber, the first wavelength splitter receives the first uplink optical signal.

[0313] Step 806: The central optical module decomposes the second uplink optical signal into optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths.

[0314] In the embodiment of the present application, the first wavelength splitter in the central optical module decomposes the second uplink optical signal into optical signals of multiple uplink wavelengths.

[0315] The first splitter has an input end and multiple output ends, which correspond one-to-one to the multiple uplink wavelengths. The input end receives the second uplink optical signal, and the multiple output ends respectively output optical signals of the uplink wavelengths corresponding to the output end.

[0316] In one possible implementation, the central optical module further includes the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules described above, and each output end of the first splitter is connected to one of the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules according to a corresponding upstream wavelength. That is, the upstream wavelength corresponding to each output end is the same as the upstream wavelength corresponding to the connected optoelectronic conversion submodule. The multiple output ends of the first splitter respectively output optical signals of the corresponding upstream wavelengths to the connected optoelectronic conversion submodules.

[0317] After receiving the optical signal of the uplink wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule, each optoelectronic conversion submodule converts the received optical signal into a first uplink electrical signal and transmits the first uplink electrical signal to other modules of the routing and switching device, so that the routing and switching device can obtain corresponding uplink information from the first uplink electrical signal, or perform other processing on the first uplink electrical signal, such as transmitting the first uplink electrical signal to other network devices.

[0318] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the execution order of steps 701 to 708 and steps 801 to 806, and the process of transmitting uplink information and downlink information can occur simultaneously. Since the transmission medium for uplink information and downlink information is optical signals, the speed of light is very fast. Therefore, all the above steps will be completed almost instantly, and the efficiency of optical communication is very high.

[0319] To sum up, in the embodiments of the present application, in order to achieve mixed insertion of optical modules without affecting optical communication, improve the networking flexibility of optical communication, and reduce the difficulty of equipment management and maintenance, the intermediate device divides the second downstream optical signal with multiple downstream wavelengths into multiple ones, and obtains multiple third downstream optical signals each with multiple downstream wavelengths. A third downstream optical signal is transmitted to multiple access side optical modules through multiple ports. Even if multiple access side optical modules are mixed, they can obtain optical signals of their corresponding downstream wavelengths from the received downstream optical signals.

[0320] FIG9 is a flowchart of another optical communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method corresponds to the third specific implementation of the optical communication system. That is, the method is applied to an optical communication system, the optical communication system includes a routing switching device, the routing switching device is plugged into a central optical module or integrated with a central optical module, the optical communication system also includes an intermediate device and multiple access side optical modules, the central optical module is connected to the intermediate device via an optical fiber, the routing switching device also includes a transceiver matching module, the central optical module includes a first splitter and multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules, the first splitter is connected to the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules respectively via optical fibers, the optoelectronic conversion submodules correspond to an upstream wavelength and a downstream wavelength with a matching relationship, different optoelectronic conversion submodules correspond to different upstream wavelengths and corresponding downstream wavelengths, the intermediate device includes a first optical coupler and multiple ports, the first optical coupler is connected to the multiple ports respectively via optical fibers, each access side optical module is connected to any one port of the intermediate device via an optical fiber, different access side optical modules are connected to different ports, each port of the intermediate device corresponds to a downstream wavelength, different ports correspond to different downstream wavelengths, each access side optical module corresponds to an upstream wavelength, and different access side optical modules correspond to different upstream wavelengths. In addition, the access side optical module is inserted into the access device, or the access side optical module is integrated into the access device, and the access device is used to access the optical communication system through the access side optical module. Referring to FIG9 , the method includes the following steps.

[0321] Step 901: Each optoelectronic conversion submodule in the central optical module obtains a first downstream electrical signal transmitted by the routing switching device, converts the obtained first downstream electrical signal into an optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule, and transmits the optical signal of the downstream wavelength to the intermediate device.

[0322] The way in which the photoelectric conversion submodule acquires and converts the first downstream electrical signal is similar to the way in which the photoelectric conversion submodule acquires the first downstream electrical signal in the embodiments of FIG. 2 to FIG. 8 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0323] In an embodiment of the present application, the central optical module further includes a first combiner, which is connected to the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules via optical fibers. After each optoelectronic conversion submodule obtains an optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule, it transmits the optical signal of the downstream wavelength to the first combiner. The first combiner combines the multiple downstream wavelength optical signals transmitted by the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules into a first downstream optical signal, which is then transmitted to the intermediate device. The specific function, structure, and implementation of the first combiner are described in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0324] In one implementation, the intermediate device further includes a first optical splitter and a second wave splitter, and the central optical module further includes a second optical splitter. The first optical splitter is connected to the second wave splitter, the first optical coupler, and the second optical splitter via optical fibers. The second optical splitter is also connected to the first combiner and the first wave splitter via optical fibers. The first wave combiner transmits a first downstream optical signal to the second optical splitter. The second optical splitter receives the first downstream optical signal transmitted by the first wave combiner and transmits the first downstream optical signal to the first optical splitter. The first optical splitter receives the second downstream optical signal and transmits the second downstream optical signal to the second wave splitter. In this implementation, communication between the intermediate device and the central optical module can be achieved through a single optical cable connection.

[0325] The second downlink optical signal is an optical signal of the first downlink optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device.

[0326] In another implementation, the intermediate device further includes a second wavelength splitter, and the first wavelength combiner of the central optical module is connected to the second wavelength splitter of the intermediate device via an optical fiber. The first wavelength combiner transmits the first downlink optical signal to the second wavelength splitter. In this implementation, communication between the intermediate device and the central optical module is achieved via two optical cables.

[0327] Step 902: The intermediate device obtains optical signals of multiple downstream wavelengths and transmits an optical signal of a downstream wavelength corresponding to each port to the access-side optical module connected to the port through each of the multiple ports. The multiple downstream wavelengths include a downstream wavelength corresponding to at least one port.

[0328] The intermediate device includes a second wavelength splitter, which is connected to the multiple ports via optical fibers. The second wavelength splitter receives the first downstream optical signal transmitted by the central optical module, obtains a second downstream optical signal, decomposes the second downstream optical signal into the aforementioned multiple downstream wavelength optical signals, and transmits the optical signal of the corresponding downstream wavelength to the multiple ports of the intermediate device. The specific function, structure, and implementation of the first combiner are described in the above embodiments and are not repeated here.

[0329] Step 903: The access side optical module receives an optical signal of a downstream wavelength transmitted by the connected port, and transmits an optical signal of an upstream wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module to the connected port. Among the multiple access side optical modules, there are at least two access side optical modules whose downstream wavelengths of optical signals received do not match the upstream wavelengths of optical signals sent.

[0330] Taking the first optical module among multiple access side optical modules as an example, the first optical module receives an optical signal of a first downstream wavelength transmitted by the first port, and transmits an optical signal of a first upstream wavelength to the first port. The first downstream wavelength does not match the first upstream wavelength. The first optical module is any one of the above-mentioned multiple access side optical modules, and the first port is the port to which the first optical module is connected among the multiple ports of the intermediate device.

[0331] For example, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the multiple upstream wavelengths include λ1, λ2, and λ3, and the three downstream wavelengths that match these three upstream wavelengths are λ1', λ2', and λ3', respectively. The optical communication system includes three access-side optical modules, namely, access-side optical module 1, access-side optical module 2, and access-side optical module 3. The downstream wavelength of the optical signal received by access-side optical module 1 and the upstream wavelength of the optical signal sent are λ1' and λ2, respectively. The downstream wavelength of the optical signal received by access-side optical module 2 and the upstream wavelength of the optical signal sent are λ2' and λ1, respectively. The downstream wavelength of the optical signal received by access-side optical module 3 and the upstream wavelength of the optical signal sent are λ3' and λ3, respectively. It can be seen that the transmit and receive wavelengths of access-side optical module 1 and access-side optical module 2 do not match.

[0332] It should be understood that the transmission processes of the uplink and downlink optical signals are independent of each other and can occur in parallel. For example, in a wavelength division multiplexing system, the uplink and downlink optical signals are transmitted simultaneously and can be distinguished by their uplink and downlink wavelengths. The uplink wavelength and the downlink wavelength can be different, for example, if the uplink wavelength is greater than a first threshold and the downlink wavelength is less than the first threshold.

[0333] Step 904: The intermediate device receives optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths through multiple ports, couples the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths into a first upstream optical signal through a first optical coupler, and transmits the first upstream optical signal to the central optical module. The multiple upstream wavelengths include at least one upstream wavelength corresponding to an access side optical module.

[0334] The intermediate device includes a first optical coupler, which is connected to multiple ports of the intermediate device via optical fibers. The first optical coupler receives multiple upstream wavelength optical signals transmitted from the multiple ports and couples these multiple upstream wavelength optical signals into a first upstream optical signal by energy combination. The specific function, structure, and implementation of the first optical coupler are described in the above embodiments and are not repeated here.

[0335] In an implementation where the intermediate device further includes a first optical splitter, the first optical splitter is further connected to the first optical coupler via an optical fiber, and the first optical coupler transmits a first uplink optical signal to the first optical splitter. The first optical splitter receives the first uplink optical signal transmitted by the first optical coupler and transmits the first uplink optical signal to a second optical splitter included in the central optical module.

[0336] In the implementation method in which the second splitter of the intermediate device is connected to the first combiner of the central optical module via optical fiber, the first optical coupler of the intermediate device is also connected to the first splitter of the central optical module via optical fiber, and the first optical coupler transmits the first uplink optical signal to the first splitter.

[0337] Step 905: The first demultiplexer of the central optical module receives the second uplink optical signal, decomposes the second uplink optical signal into optical signals of multiple uplink wavelengths, and transmits the optical signals of the corresponding uplink wavelengths of each optoelectronic conversion submodule to multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules.

[0338] The second uplink optical signal is the first uplink optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber between the intermediate device and the central optical module. The first wavelength splitter decomposes the second uplink optical signal into multiple uplink wavelength optical signals according to wavelength. The specific function, structure, and implementation of the first wavelength splitter are described in the above embodiments and are not repeated here.

[0339] Step 906: Each optoelectronic conversion submodule converts the optical signal of the upstream wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule into a first upstream electrical signal, and transmits the first upstream electrical signal to the transceiver matching module of the routing switching device.

[0340] Because the downlink wavelength of the optical signal received by at least two of the multiple access-side optical modules does not match the uplink wavelength of the optical signal transmitted, the uplink and downlink optical signals transmitted by at least two of the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules do not originate from the same access-side optical module. Simply put, if there is a mismatch between the transmit and receive functions of at least two optoelectronic modules within the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules, this solution can achieve transmit and receive matching using a transceiver matching module.

[0341] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the first optoelectronic conversion submodule includes LD1 and PD1. The downlink optical signal transmitted by LD1 is for access-side optical module 1, while the uplink optical signal transmitted by PD1 is for access-side optical module 2. This results in a mismatch between the transmission and reception of the first optoelectronic conversion submodule. The second optoelectronic conversion submodule includes LD2 and PD2. The downlink optical signal transmitted by LD2 is for access-side optical module 2, while the uplink optical signal transmitted by PD2 is for access-side optical module 1. This also results in a mismatch between the transmission and reception of the second optoelectronic conversion submodule.

[0342] Step 907: The transceiver matching module matches the multiple first downstream electrical signals transmitted by the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules with the multiple first upstream electrical signals to determine the upstream wavelength optical signal sent and the downstream wavelength optical signal received by the same access-side optical module.

[0343] The transceiver matching module may be a module in a chip included in the routing switch device, or other modules in the routing switch device, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The chip may be referred to as an upper chip of the central optical module.

[0344] Because the transceiver matching module receives electrical signals, it matches the multiple first downlink electrical signals with the multiple first uplink electrical signals to determine the optical signals of the uplink wavelength transmitted and the optical signals of the downlink wavelength received by the same access-side optical module. The multiple first downlink electrical signals include the first downlink electrical signals transmitted by the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules, and the multiple first uplink electrical signals are also the first uplink electrical signals transmitted by the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules.

[0345] There are many ways to implement the transceiver matching module to perform transceiver matching, which is not limited in this application. For example, the transceiver matching module uses information carried in the first downlink electrical signal and the first uplink electrical signal to perform transceiver matching, which may include source address, destination address or other information.

[0346] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the execution order of steps 901 to 907, and the process of transmitting uplink information and downlink information can occur simultaneously. Since the transmission medium for uplink information and downlink information is optical signals, the speed of light is very fast. Therefore, all the above steps will be completed almost instantly, and the efficiency of optical communication is very high.

[0347] To sum up, in the embodiment of the present application, even if multiple access side optical modules are mixed, the uplink wavelength of the optical signal transmitted by each access side optical module to the intermediate device may not match the downlink wavelength of the received optical signal, but the intermediate device can still couple the optical signals of multiple uplink wavelengths received by multiple ports through the optical coupler and transmit them to the central optical module. In this way, although the optical signal sent and the received optical signal of one or some optoelectronic conversion sub-modules of the central optical module may not be the optical signal of the same access side optical module, that is, there is a mismatch between transmission and reception among multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules, the routing switching device can use the transceiver matching module to determine the optical signals sent and received by the same access side optical module, that is, perform transceiver matching, thereby ensuring the reliability of optical communication.

[0348] The embodiment of the present application further provides an access side optical module, which can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of both. The access side optical module can be any access side optical module in the embodiments of Figures 1 to 9.

[0349] That is, an embodiment of the present application further provides a first optical module, the first optical module is any one of a plurality of access side optical modules included in the optical communication system, the optical communication system further includes an intermediate device, the intermediate device includes a plurality of ports, each access side optical module is connected to any one of the plurality of ports via an optical fiber, different access side optical modules are connected to different ports, wherein the first optical module is connected to a first port of the plurality of ports via an optical fiber, each access side optical module corresponds to a downlink wavelength, different access side optical modules correspond to different downlink wavelengths, wherein the first optical module corresponds to a first downlink wavelength; the first optical module is used to:

[0350] receiving a downlink optical signal transmitted from the first port, where the downlink optical signal has multiple downlink wavelengths, and the multiple downlink wavelengths include at least one downlink wavelength corresponding to an access-side optical module;

[0351] An optical signal of a first downstream wavelength is obtained from the downstream optical signal.

[0352] In a possible implementation, the first optical module includes a first filter;

[0353] The first filter is used to filter the downlink optical signal to obtain an optical signal of a first downlink wavelength.

[0354] In one possible implementation, each access-side optical module further corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths. The first optical module further corresponds to the first uplink wavelength; and the first optical module is further configured to:

[0355] generating an optical signal of a first upstream wavelength;

[0356] An optical signal of a first upstream wavelength is transmitted to the first port.

[0357] In a possible implementation, the first optical module further includes a first laser, and the first laser is connected to the first port via an optical fiber;

[0358] The first laser is used to generate an optical signal of a first upstream wavelength.

[0359] In a possible implementation, the first optical module includes a first beam splitter and a second filter, and the first beam splitter is connected to the first port and the second filter respectively through optical fibers;

[0360] A first optical splitter, configured to receive a downlink optical signal transmitted from the first port;

[0361] The first optical splitter is used to transmit the downlink optical signal to the second filter;

[0362] The second filter is used to demultiplex the downlink optical signal to obtain an optical signal of the first downlink wavelength.

[0363] In one possible implementation, each access-side optical module further corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths, wherein the first optical module further corresponds to the first uplink wavelength, and the first optical module further includes a second laser, and the second laser is connected to the first beam splitter;

[0364] a second laser, configured to generate an optical signal of a first upstream wavelength and transmit the optical signal of the first upstream wavelength to the first beam splitter;

[0365] The first optical splitter is used to transmit an optical signal of a first upstream wavelength to the first port.

[0366] In a possible implementation, the first optical module is inserted into an access device, or the first optical module is integrated into the access device, and the access device is used to access the optical communication system through the first optical module.

[0367] In an embodiment of the present application, in order to achieve mixed insertion of optical modules without affecting optical communication, improve the networking flexibility of optical communication, and reduce the difficulty of equipment management and maintenance, the intermediate device divides the downlink optical signal with multiple downlink wavelengths into multiple ones, and obtains multiple downlink optical signals each with multiple downlink wavelengths. A downlink optical signal is transmitted to multiple access side optical modules through multiple ports. Even if multiple access side optical modules are mixed, they can obtain the optical signals of the corresponding downlink wavelengths from the received downlink optical signals.

[0368] It should be noted that the access-side optical module provided in the above embodiment is only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules when performing optical communication. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the access-side optical module provided in the above embodiment is based on the same concept as the system embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4 and the method embodiment shown in Figures 7 to 8. The specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0369] An embodiment of the present application further provides an intermediate device, which can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of both. The intermediate device can be any intermediate device in the embodiments of Figures 1 to 9.

[0370] That is, an embodiment of the present application further provides an intermediate device, which is included in an optical communication system. The optical communication system also includes a central optical module and multiple access side optical modules. The central optical module is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber. The intermediate device includes multiple ports, and each access side optical module is connected to any one of the multiple ports through an optical fiber. Different access side optical modules are connected to different ports, and the access side optical modules correspond to downstream wavelengths. Different access side optical modules correspond to different downstream wavelengths. The intermediate device is used to:

[0371] receiving a first downlink optical signal transmitted by a central optical module to obtain a second downlink optical signal, wherein the first downlink optical signal has multiple downlink wavelengths, the multiple downlink wavelengths including at least one downlink wavelength corresponding to an access-side optical module, and the second downlink optical signal is an optical signal obtained by transmitting the first downlink optical signal through an optical fiber between the central optical module and an intermediate device;

[0372] dividing the second downstream optical signal into a plurality of third downstream optical signals, each of the plurality of third downstream optical signals having the plurality of downstream wavelengths;

[0373] A third downlink optical signal is transmitted to the access side optical module connected to the port through each port of the multiple ports, and the third downlink optical signal is used for the access side optical module to obtain an optical signal of a corresponding downlink wavelength.

[0374] In a possible implementation, the intermediate device further includes a first optical splitter, and the first optical splitter is connected to the multiple ports respectively through optical fibers;

[0375] The first optical splitter is configured to split the second downlink optical signal into the plurality of third downlink optical signals by energy splitting.

[0376] In a possible implementation, the intermediate device further includes a first optical splitter, the central optical module includes a second optical splitter, and the first optical splitter is connected to the second optical splitter and the first optical splitter respectively through optical fibers;

[0377] The first optical splitter is configured to receive the first downstream optical signal transmitted by the second optical splitter to obtain a second downstream optical signal.

[0378] In one possible implementation, the central optical module includes a first combiner, and the first combiner is connected to the first optical splitter via an optical fiber;

[0379] The first optical splitter is further configured to receive the first downstream optical signal transmitted by the first combiner to obtain a second downstream optical signal.

[0380] In one possible implementation, each access-side optical module further corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths. The intermediate device is further configured to:

[0381] receiving optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths through the multiple ports, the multiple upstream wavelengths including at least one upstream wavelength corresponding to an access-side optical module;

[0382] Combining the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths into a first upstream optical signal;

[0383] Transmit a first uplink optical signal to the central optical module.

[0384] In a possible implementation, the intermediate device further includes a first optical coupler, and the first optical coupler is connected to the multiple ports respectively through optical fibers;

[0385] The first optical coupler is configured to combine the optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths into a first uplink optical signal by energy combination.

[0386] In a possible implementation, the intermediate device further includes a first optical splitter, the central optical module further includes a second optical splitter, and the first optical splitter is connected to the second optical splitter and the first optical coupler respectively through optical fibers;

[0387] The first optical coupler is further configured to transmit a first uplink optical signal to the first optical splitter;

[0388] The first optical splitter is used to transmit a first uplink optical signal to the second optical splitter.

[0389] In a possible implementation, the first optical splitter is further connected to the central optical module via an optical fiber;

[0390] The first optical splitter is further configured to receive a first downstream optical signal transmitted by the central optical module to obtain a second downstream optical signal.

[0391] In a possible implementation, each access-side optical module further corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths;

[0392] The first optical splitter is further configured to obtain optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths transmitted by the multiple ports, the multiple upstream wavelengths including at least one upstream wavelength corresponding to an access-side optical module;

[0393] The first optical splitter is further configured to couple the optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths transmitted by the multiple ports into a first upstream optical signal by energy combination, and transmit the first upstream optical signal to the central optical module.

[0394] In an embodiment of the present application, in order to achieve mixed insertion of optical modules without affecting optical communication, improve the networking flexibility of optical communication, and reduce the difficulty of equipment management and maintenance, the intermediate device divides the first downstream optical signal with multiple downstream wavelengths into multiple ones, and obtains multiple third downstream optical signals each with multiple downstream wavelengths. A third downstream optical signal is transmitted to multiple access side optical modules through multiple ports. Even if multiple access side optical modules are mixed, they can obtain the optical signals of the corresponding downstream wavelengths from the received fourth downstream optical signal.

[0395] It should be noted that the access-side optical module provided in the above embodiment is only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules when performing optical communication. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the access-side optical module provided in the above embodiment is based on the same concept as the system embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4 and the method embodiment shown in Figures 7 to 8. The specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0396] The embodiment of the present application further provides a central optical module, which can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of both. The central optical module can be any central optical module in the embodiments of Figures 1 to 9.

[0397] That is, a central optical module is provided, which is included in an optical communication system. The optical communication system also includes an intermediate device and multiple access side optical modules. The central optical module is connected to the intermediate device via an optical fiber. The intermediate device includes multiple ports. Each access side optical module is connected to any one of the multiple ports via an optical fiber. Different access side optical modules are connected to different ports. Each access side optical module corresponds to a downlink wavelength, and different access side optical modules correspond to different downlink wavelengths. The central optical module is used to:

[0398] Generate optical signals of multiple downstream wavelengths, the multiple downstream wavelengths including at least one downstream wavelength corresponding to an access-side optical module;

[0399] Combining the optical signals of the multiple downstream wavelengths into a first downstream optical signal, where the first downstream optical signal has the multiple downstream wavelengths;

[0400] A first downstream optical signal is transmitted to the intermediate device. The first downstream optical signal is used by the intermediate device to divide the received second downstream optical signal into multiple third downstream optical signals, and transmit a third downstream optical signal to the access side optical module connected to the port through each port of the multiple ports, so that each access side optical module obtains the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the access side optical module from the received fourth downstream optical signal. The second downstream optical signal is an optical signal after the first downstream optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device. The fourth downstream optical signal is an optical signal after the third downstream optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the access side optical module and the port of the intermediate device.

[0401] In a possible implementation, the central optical module is inserted into the routing switching device, or the central optical module is integrated into the routing switching device, and the routing switching device is used to access the optical communication system through the central optical module.

[0402] In an embodiment of the present application, in order to achieve mixed insertion of optical modules without affecting optical communication, improve the networking flexibility of optical communication, and reduce the difficulty of equipment management and maintenance, the intermediate device divides the second downstream optical signal with multiple downstream wavelengths into multiple ones, and obtains multiple third downstream optical signals each with multiple downstream wavelengths. A third downstream optical signal is transmitted to multiple access side optical modules through multiple ports. Even if multiple access side optical modules are mixed, they can obtain the optical signals of the corresponding downstream wavelengths from the received fourth downstream optical signal.

[0403] It should be noted that the access-side optical module provided in the above embodiment is only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules when performing optical communication. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the access-side optical module provided in the above embodiment is based on the same concept as the system embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4 and the method embodiment shown in Figures 7 to 8. The specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0404] The embodiment of the present application further provides an access side optical module, which can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of both. The access side optical module can be any access side optical module in the embodiments of Figures 1 to 9.

[0405] That is, a first optical module is provided, the first optical module being any one of a plurality of access side optical modules included in an optical communication system, the optical communication system further comprising an intermediate device and a routing switching device, the routing switching device being connected to the intermediate device via an optical fiber, the intermediate device comprising a plurality of ports, the first optical module being connected to a first port of the plurality of ports via an optical fiber, the first port being any one of the plurality of ports, each port corresponding to a downstream wavelength, different ports corresponding to different downstream wavelengths, the first port corresponding to a first downstream wavelength, the downstream wavelength also matching an upstream wavelength, different downstream wavelengths matching different upstream wavelengths, the first optical module corresponding to a first upstream wavelength, the first upstream wavelength not matching the first downstream wavelength; the first optical module being used to:

[0406] receiving an optical signal of a first downstream wavelength transmitted by the first port;

[0407] An optical signal of the first upstream wavelength is transmitted to the first port, so as to transmit the optical signal of the first upstream wavelength to the routing switching device through the intermediate device. The routing switching device is used to match the optical signal of the downstream wavelength received by the same access side optical module with the optical signal of the upstream wavelength sent.

[0408] In an embodiment of the present application, even if multiple access side optical modules are mixed, the uplink wavelength of the optical signal transmitted by each access side optical module to the intermediate device may not match the downlink wavelength of the received optical signal, but the intermediate device can still couple the optical signals of multiple uplink wavelengths received by multiple ports through an optical coupler and transmit them to the central optical module. In this way, although the optical signal sent and the received optical signal of one or some optoelectronic conversion sub-modules of the central optical module may not be the optical signal of the same access side optical module, that is, there is a mismatch between transmission and reception among multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules, the routing switching device can use the transceiver matching module to determine the optical signals sent and received by the same access side optical module, that is, perform transceiver matching, thereby ensuring the reliability of optical communication.

[0409] It should be noted that the access-side optical module provided in the above embodiment is only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules when performing optical communication. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the access-side optical module provided in the above embodiment and the method embodiments shown in Figures 1, 5, 6, and 9 are based on the same concept. The specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0410] An embodiment of the present application further provides an intermediate device, which can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of both. The intermediate device can be any intermediate device in the embodiments of Figures 1 to 9.

[0411] That is, an intermediate device is provided, included in an optical communication system, the optical communication system also including a routing switching device and multiple access side optical modules, the routing switching device and the intermediate device are connected via optical fibers, the intermediate device includes a first optical coupler and multiple ports, the first optical coupler is respectively connected to the multiple ports via optical fibers, each of the multiple access side optical modules is connected to any one of the multiple ports via optical fibers, different access side optical modules are connected to different ports, each port corresponds to a downstream wavelength, different ports correspond to different downstream wavelengths, each downstream wavelength is also matched with an upstream wavelength, different downstream wavelengths match different upstream wavelengths, each access side optical module corresponds to an upstream wavelength, and different access side optical modules correspond to different upstream wavelengths; the intermediate device is used to:

[0412] Acquire optical signals of multiple downstream wavelengths transmitted by a routing switching device, where the multiple downstream wavelengths include a downstream wavelength corresponding to at least one port;

[0413] Transmitting an optical signal of a downstream wavelength corresponding to the port to an access-side optical module connected to the port through each of the multiple ports, and receiving optical signals of an upstream wavelength transmitted by the access-side optical module through the multiple ports, wherein the downstream wavelength of the optical signal transmitted by the same port among the multiple ports does not match the upstream wavelength of the optical signal received by the same port;

[0414] coupling the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths received through the multiple ports into a first upstream optical signal through a first optical coupler;

[0415] The first uplink optical signal is transmitted to the routing switching device, which is used to determine the uplink wavelength optical signal sent and the downlink wavelength optical signal received by the same access side optical module by matching multiple uplink wavelength optical signals with multiple downlink wavelength optical signals.

[0416] In an embodiment of the present application, even if multiple access side optical modules are mixed, the uplink wavelength of the optical signal transmitted by each access side optical module to the intermediate device may not match the downlink wavelength of the received optical signal, but the intermediate device can still couple the optical signals of multiple uplink wavelengths received by multiple ports through an optical coupler and transmit them to the central optical module. In this way, although the optical signal sent and the received optical signal of one or some optoelectronic conversion sub-modules of the central optical module may not be the optical signal of the same access side optical module, that is, there is a mismatch between transmission and reception among multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules, the routing switching device can use the transceiver matching module to determine the optical signals sent and received by the same access side optical module, that is, perform transceiver matching, thereby ensuring the reliability of optical communication.

[0417] It should be noted that the access-side optical module provided in the above embodiment is only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules when performing optical communication. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the access-side optical module provided in the above embodiment and the method embodiments shown in Figures 1, 5, 6, and 9 are based on the same concept. The specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0418] An embodiment of the present application further provides a routing switching device, which can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of both. The routing switching device can be any routing switching device in the embodiments of Figures 1 to 9.

[0419] That is, a routing switching device is provided, which is included in an optical communication system, the routing switching device is inserted with a central optical module or integrated with the central optical module, the optical communication system also includes an intermediate device and multiple access side optical modules, the central optical module is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber, the routing switching device also includes a transceiver matching module, the central optical module includes a first splitter and multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules, the first splitter is connected to the multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules through optical fibers, each optoelectronic conversion sub-module corresponds to an upstream wavelength and a downstream wavelength with a matching relationship, different optoelectronic conversion sub-modules correspond to different upstream wavelengths and corresponding downstream wavelengths are also different, the intermediate device includes multiple ports, each access side optical module is connected to any one of the multiple ports through an optical fiber, different access side optical modules are connected to different ports, each port corresponds to a downstream wavelength, different ports correspond to different downstream wavelengths, each access side optical module corresponds to an upstream wavelength, and different access side optical modules correspond to different upstream wavelengths;

[0420] Each of the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules is configured to obtain a first downstream electrical signal transmitted by the routing switching device, convert the obtained first downstream electrical signal into an optical signal of a downstream wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule, and transmit the optical signal of the downstream wavelength to the intermediate device;

[0421] Each optoelectronic conversion submodule is further configured to receive an optical signal of an uplink wavelength corresponding to the optoelectronic conversion submodule transmitted by an intermediate device, convert the received optical signal of the uplink wavelength into a first uplink electrical signal, and transmit the first uplink electrical signal to the transceiver matching module;

[0422] The transceiver matching module is used to match the multiple first downlink electrical signals transmitted by the multiple optoelectronic conversion submodules with the multiple first uplink electrical signals to determine the uplink wavelength optical signal sent and the downlink wavelength optical signal received by the same access side optical module.

[0423] In an embodiment of the present application, even if multiple access side optical modules are mixed, the uplink wavelength of the optical signal transmitted by each access side optical module to the intermediate device may not match the downlink wavelength of the received optical signal, but the intermediate device can still couple the optical signals of multiple uplink wavelengths received by multiple ports through an optical coupler and transmit them to the central optical module. In this way, although the optical signal sent and the received optical signal of one or some optoelectronic conversion sub-modules of the central optical module may not be the optical signal of the same access side optical module, that is, there is a mismatch between transmission and reception among multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules, the routing switching device can use the transceiver matching module to determine the optical signals sent and received by the same access side optical module, that is, perform transceiver matching, thereby ensuring the reliability of optical communication.

[0424] It should be noted that the access-side optical module provided in the above embodiment is only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules when performing optical communication. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the access-side optical module provided in the above embodiment and the method embodiments shown in Figures 1, 5, 6, and 9 are based on the same concept. The specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0425] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device can be an access device or a routing switching device in any of the above embodiments. The communication device 1000 can be a switch, a router, or other communication device that forwards messages. In this embodiment, the communication device 1000 includes: a main control board 1010, an interface board 1030, and an interface board 1040. In the case of multiple interface boards, a switching network board (not shown in the figure) can be included. The switching network board is used to complete data exchange between each interface board (interface board is also called line card or service board).

[0426] The main control board 1010 is used to perform functions such as system management, device maintenance, and protocol processing. The interface boards 1030 and 1040 provide various service interfaces (e.g., POS, GE, and ATM) and forward data streams. The main control board 1010 primarily includes three functional units: a system management and control unit, a system clock unit, and a system maintenance unit. The main control board 1010, interface board 1030, and interface board 1040 are interconnected via a system bus and the system backplane. The interface board 1030 includes one or more processors 1031. Processors 1031 control and manage the interface boards, communicate with the CPU on the main control board, and forward data streams. The memory 1032 on the interface board 1030 stores forwarding table entries. Processor 1031 forwards data streams by searching the forwarding table entries stored in memory 1032.

[0427] The interface board 1030 includes one or more communication interfaces (also called network interfaces) 1033 for receiving data streams or other information sent by terminals or other network devices, and processing these data streams or data according to the instructions of the processor 1031. The specific implementation process will not be repeated here.

[0428] It can be understood that, as shown in Figure 10, the embodiment of the present application includes multiple interface boards and adopts a distributed forwarding mechanism. Under this mechanism, the operations on the interface board 1040 are basically similar to the operations of the interface board 1030. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described in detail. In addition, it can be understood that the processor 1031 in the interface board 1030 in Figure 10 and / or the processor 1041 in the interface board 1040 can be dedicated hardware or chips, such as a network processor or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) to implement the above functions. This implementation method is what is commonly referred to as the forwarding plane using dedicated hardware or chip processing. The specific implementation method using the network processor as a dedicated hardware or chip can refer to the embodiment shown in Figure 11 below. In another embodiment, the processor 1031 and / or the processor 1041 can also use a general-purpose processor, such as a general-purpose CPU to implement the functions described above.

[0429] It should also be noted that there may be one or more main control boards, including a primary and backup main control board. There may also be one or more interface boards. The higher the data processing capability of the device, the more interface boards are provided. With multiple interface boards, they can communicate with each other through one or more switching fabric boards, and when there are multiple boards, they can collectively implement load balancing and redundant backup. In a centralized forwarding architecture, the device may not require a switching fabric board; the interface board handles the entire system's service data processing. In a distributed forwarding architecture, the device includes multiple interface boards, which can exchange data between them through the switching fabric board, providing high-capacity data exchange and processing capabilities. Therefore, the data access and processing capabilities of communication devices with a distributed architecture are greater than those of devices with a centralized architecture. The specific architecture to be adopted depends on the specific network deployment scenario and is not limited here.

[0430] In some embodiments, the memory 1032 may be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), an optical disc including (compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a compact disc, a laser disc, a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 1032 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 1031 via a communication bus. The memory 1032 may also be integrated with the processor 1031.

[0431] In some embodiments, the communication interface 1033 can be a device using any transceiver type for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), etc. The communication interface 1033 includes a wired communication interface and may also include a wireless communication interface. Among them, the wired communication interface can be, for example, an Ethernet interface. The Ethernet interface can be an optical interface, an electrical interface, or a combination thereof. The wireless communication interface can be a WLAN interface, a cellular network communication interface, or a combination thereof. When the communication device acts as any communication device within the domain, the communication interface 1033 is used to forward data packets to other communication devices.

[0432] In some embodiments, the communication device may include multiple processors, each of which may be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor. A processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).

[0433] In some embodiments, the memory 1032 is used to store program codes for executing the scheme of the present application, and the processor 1031 can execute the program codes stored in the memory 1032, prompting the communication device 1000 to execute the processing steps of the access device or routing switching device in the embodiments shown in Figures 7 to 9. The specific implementation can refer to the detailed description in the embodiments shown in Figures 7 to 9, which will not be repeated here.

[0434] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device can be the access device or routing switching device in any of the above embodiments. In this embodiment, the communication device 1100 includes: a main control board 1110, an interface board 1130, a switching network board 1120, and an interface board 1140. The main control board 1110 is used to perform functions such as system management, device maintenance, and protocol processing. The switching network board 1120 is used to complete data exchange between various interface boards (interface boards are also called line cards or service boards). Interface boards 1130 and 1140 are used to provide various service interfaces (for example, POS interfaces, GE interfaces, ATM interfaces, etc.) and implement data packet forwarding. The control plane is composed of various control units on the main control board 1110 and the control units on the interface boards 1130 and 1140. The main control board 1110 mainly has three types of functional units: a system management and control unit, a system clock unit, and a system maintenance unit. The main control board 1110, interface boards 1130 and 1140, and switching network board 1120 are interconnected via a system bus and the system backplane. The central processing unit 1131 on the interface board 1130 controls and manages the interface board and communicates with the central processing unit on the main control board. The forwarding table memory 1134 on the interface board 1130 stores forwarding entries. The network processor 1132 forwards data streams by searching the forwarding table memory 1134 for entries.

[0435] The physical interface card 1133 of the interface board 1130 is used to receive data streams or other data sent by a terminal or other device. The specific implementation process will not be described in detail here.

[0436] The network processor 1132 is used to process received data streams, etc. The specific functions of the network processor 1132 are not described in detail here. For example, the network processor 1132 can execute program code to prompt the communication device 1100 to perform the processing steps of the access device or routing switch device in the embodiments shown in Figures 7 to 9. The specific implementation can be referred to the detailed description of the embodiments shown in Figures 7 to 9, and will not be described in detail here.

[0437] It will be appreciated that, as shown in FIG11 , the embodiment of the present application includes multiple interface boards and employs a distributed forwarding mechanism. Under this mechanism, the operations on interface board 1140 are substantially similar to those on interface board 1130 and, for the sake of brevity, will not be further described. Furthermore, as described above, the functions of network processors 1132 and 1142 in FIG11 can be implemented using application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs).

[0438] It should also be noted that there may be one or more main control boards (SCUs), which may include both active and standby SCUs. There may also be one or more interface boards. The higher the data processing capability of the device, the more interface boards are provided. Interface boards may also have one or more physical interface cards. There may be no SCUs, one or more SCUs, and multiple SCUs can be used to achieve load balancing and redundant backup. In a centralized forwarding architecture, the device may not require SCUs; the interface boards handle service data processing for the entire system. In a distributed forwarding architecture, the device may have at least one SCU, which enables data exchange between multiple interface boards, providing high-capacity data exchange and processing capabilities. Therefore, the data access and processing capabilities of communication devices with a distributed architecture are greater than those of devices with a centralized architecture. The specific architecture to be adopted depends on the specific network deployment scenario and is not limited here.

[0439] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. In one possible implementation, the communication device is the access device or routing switching device in the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 9, and includes one or more processors 1201, a communication bus 1202, a memory 1203, and one or more communication interfaces 1204.

[0440] The processor 1201 is a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a microprocessor, or one or more integrated circuits for implementing the solution of the present application, such as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. In one possible implementation, the PLD is a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof. When the communication device is any of the communication devices in the embodiments of the present application, the processor 1201 is used to implement the optical communication method provided by any of the embodiments shown in Figures 2 to 10.

[0441] Communication bus 1202 is used to transmit information between the aforementioned components. In one possible implementation, communication bus 1202 is divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, the figure uses only one thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0442] In one possible implementation, the memory 1203 is a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), an optical disc (including a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a compact disc, a laser disc, a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium, or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 1203 exists independently and is connected to the processor 1201 via the communication bus 1202, or the memory 1203 is integrated with the processor 1201.

[0443] The communication interface 1204 uses any transceiver-like device for communicating with other devices or communication networks. The communication interface 1204 includes a wired communication interface, and in one possible implementation, also includes a wireless communication interface. Among them, the wired communication interface is, for example, an Ethernet interface. In one possible implementation, the Ethernet interface is an optical interface, an electrical interface, or a combination thereof. The wireless communication interface is a wireless local area network (WLAN) interface, a cellular network communication interface, or a combination thereof. When the communication device serves as any communication device within the domain, the communication interface 1204 is used to forward data messages to other communication devices. When the communication device serves as the head node within the domain, the communication interface 1204 can also be used to communicate with the controller in the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 10, such as receiving global time slot scheduling parameters issued by the controller.

[0444] In one possible implementation, in some embodiments, the communication device includes multiple processors, such as processor 1201 and processor 1205 shown in Figure 12. Each of these processors is a single-core processor or a multi-core processor. In one possible implementation, the processor here refers to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).

[0445] In some embodiments, the communication device further includes an output device 1206 and an input device 1207. The output device 1206 communicates with the processor 1201 and can display information in a variety of ways. For example, the output device 1206 is a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector. The input device 1207 communicates with the processor 1201 and can receive user input in a variety of ways. For example, the input device 1207 is a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, or a sensor device.

[0446] In some embodiments, the memory 1203 is used to store the program code 1210 for executing the solution of the present application. The processor 1201 can execute the program code 1210 stored in the memory 1203, prompting the communication device to execute the processing steps of the access device or routing switching device in the embodiments shown in Figures 7 to 9. The specific implementation can refer to the detailed description in the embodiments shown in Figures 7 to 9, which will not be repeated here.

[0447] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a digital versatile disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid state disk (SSD)). It is worth noting that the computer-readable storage medium mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a non-volatile storage medium, in other words, a non-transient storage medium.

[0448] It should be understood that the "at least one" mentioned herein refers to one or more, and "a plurality of" refers to two or more. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B; "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in order to facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish between identical or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. Those skilled in the art will understand that words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity and execution order, and words such as "first" and "second" do not necessarily limit them to be different.

[0449] It should be noted that the information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.), data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.), and signals involved in the embodiments of this application are all authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use, and processing of relevant data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations, and standards of the relevant countries and regions. For example, the uplink and downlink information involved in the embodiments of this application are all obtained with full authorization.

[0450] The above description is an embodiment provided for this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An optical communication system, characterized in that, The optical communication system includes a central optical module, intermediate devices, and multiple access-side optical modules. The central optical module is connected to the intermediate devices through optical fibers. The intermediate devices include multiple ports. Each of the multiple access-side optical modules is connected to any one of the multiple ports through an optical fiber. Different access-side optical modules are connected to different ports, and each access-side optical module corresponds to a downstream wavelength, and the downstream wavelengths corresponding to different access-side optical modules are different; The central optical module is configured to transmit a first downstream optical signal to the intermediate devices. The first downstream optical signal has multiple downstream wavelengths, and the multiple downstream wavelengths include at least one of the downstream wavelengths corresponding to the access-side optical modules; The intermediate devices are configured to receive a second downstream optical signal, divide the second downstream optical signal into multiple third downstream optical signals, and transmit one third downstream optical signal to the access-side optical module connected to the present port through each of the multiple ports. The second downstream optical signal is the optical signal after the first downstream optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate devices. Each of the multiple third downstream optical signals has the multiple downstream wavelengths; Each of the multiple access-side optical modules is configured to receive a fourth downstream optical signal and obtain the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the present access-side optical module from the fourth downstream optical signal. The fourth downstream optical signal is the optical signal after the third downstream optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the access-side optical module and the port.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein The access-side optical module includes a first filter; The first filter is configured to filter the fourth downstream optical signal to obtain the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein The central optical module includes a first multiplexer. The intermediate devices further include a first splitter, and the first splitter is respectively connected to the multiple ports through optical fibers; The first multiplexer is configured to obtain optical signals of multiple downstream wavelengths, combine the optical signals of the multiple downstream wavelengths into the first downstream optical signal, and transmit the first downstream optical signal to the first splitter; The first splitter is configured to receive the second downstream optical signal and divide the second downstream optical signal into the multiple third downstream optical signals by means of energy splitting, and transmit one third downstream optical signal to each of the multiple ports.

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein The intermediate devices further include a first splitting chip. The central optical module further includes a second splitting chip. The first splitting chip is respectively connected to the second splitting chip and the first splitter through optical fibers. The second splitting chip is also connected to the first multiplexer through an optical fiber; The first multiplexer is further configured to transmit the first downstream optical signal to the second splitting chip; The second splitting chip is configured to transmit the first downstream optical signal to the first splitting chip; The first splitting chip is configured to receive the second downstream optical signal and transmit the second downstream optical signal to the first splitter.

5. The system according to claim 3, wherein The first multiplexer is connected to the first splitter through an optical fiber; The first multiplexer is further configured to transmit the first downstream optical signal to the first optical splitter.

6. The system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Each access-side optical module also corresponds to an upstream wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different upstream wavelengths; Each access-side optical module among the multiple access-side optical modules is further configured to transmit an optical signal of the upstream wavelength corresponding to this access-side optical module to the port connected to this access-side optical module; The intermediate device is further configured to obtain the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths transmitted by the multiple access-side optical modules through the multiple ports, combine the received optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths into a first upstream optical signal, and transmit the first upstream optical signal to the central optical module; The central optical module is further configured to receive a second upstream optical signal and decompose the second upstream optical signal into the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths, where the second upstream optical signal is the optical signal after the first upstream optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the intermediate device and the central optical module.

7. The system according to claim 6, wherein The access-side optical module further includes a first laser, and the first laser is connected to the port through an optical fiber; The first laser is configured to generate an optical signal of the upstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module and transmit the optical signal of the upstream wavelength to the connected port.

8. The system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The intermediate device further includes a first optical coupler, and the central optical module includes a first optical demultiplexer. The first optical coupler is respectively connected to the multiple ports through optical fibers; The first optical coupler is configured to couple the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths into the first upstream optical signal by means of energy combination; The first optical demultiplexer is configured to decompose the second upstream optical signal into the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths.

9. The system according to claim 8, wherein, The intermediate device further includes a first beam splitter, and the central optical module further includes a second beam splitter. The first beam splitter is respectively connected to the second beam splitter and the first optical coupler through optical fibers, and the second beam splitter is also connected to the first optical demultiplexer through an optical fiber; The first optical coupler is further configured to transmit the first upstream optical signal to the first beam splitter; The first beam splitter is configured to transmit the first upstream optical signal to the second beam splitter; The second beam splitter is configured to receive the second upstream optical signal and transmit the second upstream optical signal to the first optical demultiplexer.

10. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first optical demultiplexer is connected to the first optical coupler through an optical fiber; The first optical coupler is configured to transmit the first upstream optical signal to the first optical demultiplexer.

11. The system according to claim 1, wherein The access-side optical module includes a third beam splitter and a second filter. The third beam splitter is respectively connected to the port and the second filter through optical fibers; The third beam splitter is configured to receive the fourth downstream optical signal and transmit the fourth downstream optical signal to the second filter; The second filter is configured to filter the fourth downstream optical signal to obtain an optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module.

12. The system according to claim 11, wherein The intermediate device further includes a second optical splitter. The second optical splitter is respectively connected to the multiple ports through optical fibers, and the second optical splitter is also connected to the central optical module through an optical fiber; The second optical splitter is configured to divide the second downlink optical signal into a plurality of third downlink optical signals by means of energy splitting, and transmit the third downlink optical signals to the plurality of ports.

13. The system according to claim 12, wherein, Each access-side optical module also corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths. The access-side optical module further includes a second laser, and the second laser is connected to the third beam splitter through an optical fiber. The second laser is configured to generate an optical signal with the uplink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module, and transmit the optical signal with the uplink wavelength to the third beam splitter. The third beam splitter is further configured to transmit the optical signal with the uplink wavelength to the connected port. The second optical splitter is further configured to couple a plurality of optical signals with uplink wavelengths transmitted from the plurality of ports into a first uplink optical signal by means of energy combination, and transmit the first uplink optical signal to the central optical module.

14. The system according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that, The access-side optical module is inserted into an access device, or the access-side optical module is integrated in the access device, and the access device is configured to access the optical communication system through the access-side optical module. The central optical module is inserted into a routing and switching device, or the central optical module is integrated in the routing and switching device, and the routing and switching device is configured to communicate with the access device through the central optical module.

15. An optical communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a first optical module among a plurality of access-side optical modules included in an optical communication system, the optical communication system further includes an intermediate device, the intermediate device includes a plurality of ports, and each access-side optical module among the plurality of access-side optical modules is connected to any one of the plurality of ports through an optical fiber, and different access-side optical modules are connected to different ports. Among them, the first optical module is connected to a first port among the plurality of ports through an optical fiber, and each access-side optical module corresponds to a downlink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different downlink wavelengths. Among them, the first optical module corresponds to a first downlink wavelength. The method includes: Receiving a downlink optical signal transmitted from the first port, the downlink optical signal having a plurality of downlink wavelengths, and the plurality of downlink wavelengths including at least one downlink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module. Obtaining the optical signal with the first downlink wavelength from the downlink optical signal.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein The first optical module includes a first filter. The obtaining the optical signal with the first downlink wavelength from the downlink optical signal includes: The first filter filters the downlink optical signal to obtain the optical signal with the first downlink wavelength.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that Each access-side optical module also corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths. Among them, the first optical module also corresponds to a first uplink wavelength. The method further includes: Generating an optical signal with the first uplink wavelength. Transmitting the optical signal with the first uplink wavelength to the first port.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein The first optical module further includes a first laser, and the first laser is connected to the first port through an optical fiber. The generating the optical signal with the first uplink wavelength includes: The first laser generates the optical signal with the first uplink wavelength.

19. The method according to claim 15, wherein The first optical module includes a first beam splitter and a second filter. The first beam splitter is respectively connected to the first port and the second filter through optical fibers; Receiving the downstream optical signal transmitted by the first port includes: The first beam splitter receives the downstream optical signal transmitted by the first port; Obtaining the optical signal of the first downstream wavelength from the downstream optical signal includes: The first beam splitter transmits the downstream optical signal to the second filter; The second filter demultiplexes the downstream optical signal to obtain the optical signal of the first downstream wavelength.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein Each access-side optical module also corresponds to an upstream wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different upstream wavelengths. Among them, the first optical module also corresponds to a first upstream wavelength, and the first optical module further includes a second laser, and the second laser is connected to the first beam splitter; The method further includes: The second laser generates the optical signal of the first upstream wavelength and transmits the optical signal of the first upstream wavelength to the first beam splitter; The first beam splitter transmits the optical signal of the first upstream wavelength to the first port.

21. The method according to any one of claims 15-20, characterized in that, The first optical module is inserted into the access device, or the first optical module is integrated in the access device, and the access device is used to access the optical communication system through the first optical module.

22. An optical communication method, characterized in that, Applied to an intermediate device in an optical communication system. The optical communication system further includes a central optical module and multiple access-side optical modules. The central optical module is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber. The intermediate device includes multiple ports, and each access-side optical module among the multiple access-side optical modules is connected to any one of the multiple ports through an optical fiber. Different access-side optical modules are connected to different ports, and each access-side optical module corresponds to a downstream wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different downstream wavelengths; The method includes: Receiving the first downstream optical signal transmitted by the central optical module to obtain a second downstream optical signal. The first downstream optical signal has multiple downstream wavelengths, and the multiple downstream wavelengths include at least one downstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module. The second downstream optical signal is the Optical signal after the first downstream optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device; Dividing the second downstream optical signal into multiple third downstream optical signals, and each third downstream optical signal among the multiple third downstream optical signals has the multiple downstream wavelengths; Transmitting one third downstream optical signal to the access-side optical module connected to this port through each of the multiple ports. The third downstream optical signal is used for each access-side optical module among the multiple access-side optical modules to obtain the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to this access-side optical module.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein The intermediate device further includes a first optical splitter, and the first optical splitter is respectively connected to the multiple ports through optical fibers; Dividing the second downstream optical signal into multiple third downstream optical signals includes: The first optical splitter divides the second downstream optical signal into the multiple third downstream optical signals by means of energy splitting.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein The intermediate device further includes a first beam splitter, and the central optical module includes a second beam splitter. The first beam splitter is respectively connected to the second beam splitter and the first optical splitter through optical fibers; Receiving the first downlink optical signal transmitted by the central optical module to obtain a second downlink optical signal, includes: The first beam splitter receives the first downlink optical signal transmitted by the second beam splitter to obtain the second downlink optical signal.

25. The method according to claim 23, wherein The central optical module includes a first multiplexer, and the first multiplexer is connected to the first optical splitter through an optical fiber; Receiving the first downlink optical signal transmitted by the central optical module to obtain a second downlink optical signal, includes: The first optical splitter receives the first downlink optical signal transmitted by the first multiplexer to obtain the second downlink optical signal.

26. The method according to any one of claims 22-25, each access-side optical module further corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths; the method further includes: Receiving optical signals of multiple uplink wavelengths through the multiple ports, the multiple uplink wavelengths including at least one uplink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module; Combining the optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths into a first uplink optical signal; Transmitting the first uplink optical signal to the central optical module.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein The intermediate device further includes a first optical coupler, and the first optical coupler is respectively connected to the multiple ports through optical fibers; Combining the optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths into a first uplink optical signal, includes: The first optical coupler combines the optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths into the first uplink optical signal by way of energy combination.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein The intermediate device further includes a first beam splitter, and the central optical module further includes a second beam splitter. The first beam splitter is respectively connected to the second beam splitter and the first optical coupler through optical fibers; Transmitting the first uplink optical signal to the central optical module, includes: The first optical coupler transmits the first uplink optical signal to the first beam splitter; The first beam splitter transmits the first uplink optical signal to the second beam splitter.

29. The method according to claim 23, wherein The first optical splitter is further connected to the central optical module through an optical fiber; Receiving the first downlink optical signal transmitted by the central optical module to obtain a second downlink optical signal, includes: The first optical splitter receives the first downlink optical signal transmitted by the central optical module to obtain the second downlink optical signal.

30. The method according to claim 29, wherein Each access-side optical module further corresponds to an uplink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different uplink wavelengths; the method further includes: The first optical splitter acquires the optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths transmitted by the multiple ports, the multiple uplink wavelengths including at least one uplink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module; The first optical splitter couples the optical signals of the multiple uplink wavelengths transmitted by the multiple ports into a first uplink optical signal by way of energy combination and transmits the first uplink optical signal to the central optical module.

31. An optical communication method, characterized in that, A central optical module applied to an optical communication system, the optical communication system further comprising an intermediate device and a plurality of access-side optical modules. The central optical module is connected to the intermediate device by an optical fiber. The intermediate device includes a plurality of ports. Each access-side optical module among the plurality of access-side optical modules is connected to any one of the plurality of ports by an optical fiber. Different access-side optical modules are connected to different ports, and each access-side optical module corresponds to a downstream wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different downstream wavelengths. The method includes: Generating optical signals of a plurality of downstream wavelengths, the plurality of downstream wavelengths including at least one downstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module; Combining the optical signals of the plurality of downstream wavelengths into a first downstream optical signal, the first downstream optical signal having the plurality of downstream wavelengths; Transmitting the first downstream optical signal to the intermediate device, the first downstream optical signal being used for the intermediate device to divide a received second downstream optical signal into a plurality of third downstream optical signals, and transmitting one third downstream optical signal to the access-side optical module connected to this port through each port among the plurality of ports, so that the access-side optical module obtains the optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module from the received downstream optical signal. The second downstream optical signal is the optical signal after the first downstream optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device, and the fourth downstream optical signal is the optical signal after the third downstream optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the access-side optical module and the port.

32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that, The central optical module is inserted into a routing and switching device, or the central optical module is integrated in a routing and switching device, and the routing and switching device is used to access the optical communication system through the central optical module.

33. A first optical module, characterized in that, The first optical module is any one of the plurality of access-side optical modules included in the optical communication system. The optical communication system further comprises an intermediate device. The intermediate device includes a plurality of ports. Each access-side optical module among the plurality of access-side optical modules is connected to any one of the plurality of ports by an optical fiber. Different access-side optical modules are connected to different ports. Among them, the first optical module is connected to the first port among the plurality of ports by an optical fiber. Each access-side optical module corresponds to a downstream wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different downstream wavelengths. Among them, the first optical module corresponds to a first downstream wavelength. The first optical module is used for: Receiving a downstream optical signal transmitted by the first port, the downstream optical signal having a plurality of downstream wavelengths, the plurality of downstream wavelengths including at least one downstream wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module; Obtaining the optical signal of the first downstream wavelength from the downstream optical signal.

34. An intermediate device, characterized in that, The intermediate device is included in an optical communication system, which further includes a central optical module and multiple access-side optical modules. The central optical module is connected to the intermediate device by an optical fiber. The intermediate device includes multiple ports, and each of the multiple access-side optical modules is connected to any one of the multiple ports by an optical fiber. Different access-side optical modules are connected to different ports, and each access-side optical module corresponds to a downlink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different downlink wavelengths. The intermediate device is configured to: Receive a first downlink optical signal transmitted by the central optical module to obtain a second downlink optical signal. The first downlink optical signal has multiple downlink wavelengths, and the multiple downlink wavelengths include at least one downlink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module. The second downlink optical signal is the optical signal after the first downlink optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device. Divide the second downlink optical signal into multiple third downlink optical signals, and each of the multiple third downlink optical signals has the multiple downlink wavelengths. Transmit one third downlink optical signal to the access-side optical module connected to this port through each of the multiple ports. The third downlink optical signal is used for each of the multiple access-side optical modules to obtain the optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to this access-side optical module.

35. A central optical module, characterized in that, The central optical module is included in an optical communication system, which further includes an intermediate device and multiple access-side optical modules. The central optical module is connected to the intermediate device by an optical fiber. The intermediate device includes multiple ports, and each of the multiple access-side optical modules is connected to any one of the multiple ports by an optical fiber. Different access-side optical modules are connected to different ports, and each access-side optical module corresponds to a downlink wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different downlink wavelengths. The central optical module is configured to: Generate optical signals of multiple downlink wavelengths, and the multiple downlink wavelengths include at least one downlink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module. Combine the optical signals of the multiple downlink wavelengths into a first downlink optical signal, and the first downlink optical signal has the multiple downlink wavelengths. Transmit the first downlink optical signal to the intermediate device. The first downlink optical signal is used for the intermediate device to divide the received second downlink optical signal into multiple third downlink optical signals and transmit one third downlink optical signal to the access-side optical module connected to this port through each of the multiple ports, so that each of the multiple access-side optical modules can obtain the optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to this access-side optical module from the received fourth downlink optical signal. The second downlink optical signal is the optical signal after the first downlink optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device, and the fourth downlink optical signal is the optical signal after the third downlink optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the access-side optical module and the port.

36. An optical communication system, characterized in that, The optical communication system includes a routing and switching device, a central optical module is inserted into or integrated with the routing and switching device. The optical communication system further includes an intermediate device and a plurality of access-side optical modules. The central optical module is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber. The routing and switching device further includes a transceiver matching module. The central optical module includes a first demultiplexer and a plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules. The first demultiplexer is respectively connected to the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules through optical fibers. Each of the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules corresponds to an uplink wavelength and a downlink wavelength with a matching relationship. The uplink wavelengths corresponding to different optoelectronic conversion sub-modules are different and the corresponding downlink wavelengths are also different. The intermediate device includes a first optical coupler and a plurality of ports. The first optical coupler is respectively connected to the plurality of ports through optical fibers. Each of the plurality of access-side optical modules is connected to any one of the plurality of ports through an optical fiber. Different access-side optical modules are connected to different ports. Each port corresponds to the downlink wavelength, and the downlink wavelengths corresponding to different ports are different. Each access-side optical module corresponds to the uplink wavelength, and the uplink wavelengths corresponding to different access-side optical modules are different; Each of the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules is configured to obtain a first downlink electrical signal transmitted by the routing and switching device, convert the obtained first downlink electrical signal into an optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to this optoelectronic conversion sub-module, and transmit the optical signal of the downlink wavelength to the intermediate device; The intermediate device is configured to obtain optical signals of a plurality of downlink wavelengths, and transmit the optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to this port to the access-side optical module connected to this port through each of the plurality of ports. The plurality of downlink wavelengths include the downlink wavelength corresponding to the port; The first optical module among the plurality of access-side optical modules is configured to receive the optical signal of the first downlink wavelength transmitted by the first port connected to the first optical module, and is further configured to transmit an optical signal of the first uplink wavelength to the first port. The first downlink wavelength does not match the first uplink wavelength. The first optical module is any one of the plurality of access-side optical modules; The intermediate device is further configured to receive optical signals of a plurality of uplink wavelengths through the plurality of ports, couple the optical signals of the plurality of uplink wavelengths into a first uplink optical signal through the first optical coupler, and transmit the first uplink optical signal to the central optical module. The plurality of uplink wavelengths include at least one uplink wavelength corresponding to the access-side optical module; The first demultiplexer is configured to obtain the first uplink optical signal, decompose the first uplink optical signal into optical signals of the plurality of uplink wavelengths, and respectively transmit the optical signal of the uplink wavelength corresponding to each optoelectronic conversion sub-module to the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules; Each of the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules is further configured to convert the optical signal of the uplink wavelength corresponding to this optoelectronic conversion sub-module into a first uplink electrical signal, and transmit the first uplink electrical signal to the transceiver matching module; The transceiver matching module is configured to match the multiple first downlink electrical signals and the multiple first uplink electrical signals transmitted by the multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules, so as to determine the optical signal of the uplink wavelength and the optical signal of the downlink wavelength received by the same access-side optical module.

37. The system according to claim 36, wherein, The central optical module further includes a first multiplexer, and the intermediate device further includes a second demultiplexer. The first multiplexer is respectively connected to the multiple optoelectronic conversion sub-modules through optical fibers, and the second demultiplexer is respectively connected to the multiple ports through optical fibers; The first multiplexer is configured to combine the multiple downlink wavelength optical signals into a first downlink optical signal and transmit the first downlink optical signal to the second demultiplexer; The second demultiplexer is configured to receive a second downlink optical signal and decompose the second downlink optical signal into the multiple downlink wavelength optical signals, and transmit the optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to each port to the multiple ports respectively. The second downlink optical signal is the optical signal after the first downlink optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber between the central optical module and the intermediate device. The intermediate device further includes a first beam splitter, and the central optical module further includes a second beam splitter. The first beam splitter is respectively connected to the second demultiplexer, the first optical coupler and the second beam splitter through optical fibers, and the second beam splitter is also respectively connected to the first multiplexer and the first demultiplexer through optical fibers; 38. The system according to claim 37, wherein The first beam splitter is configured to receive the first uplink optical signal transmitted by the first optical coupler, transmit the first uplink optical signal to the second beam splitter, and receive the first downlink optical signal transmitted by the second beam splitter to obtain a second uplink optical signal, and transmit the second downlink optical signal to the second demultiplexer; The second beam splitter is configured to obtain the first downlink optical signal transmitted by the first multiplexer, transmit the first downlink optical signal to the first beam splitter, and obtain the first uplink optical signal transmitted by the first beam splitter to obtain a second uplink optical signal, and transmit the second uplink optical signal to the first demultiplexer. The first multiplexer is connected to the second demultiplexer, and the first optical coupler is connected to the first demultiplexer; 39. The system according to claim 38, wherein The first multiplexer is configured to transmit the first downlink optical signal to the second demultiplexer; The first optical coupler is configured to transmit the first uplink optical signal to the first demultiplexer. The access-side optical module is inserted into the access device, or the access-side optical module is integrated in the access device, and the access device is configured to access the optical communication system through the access-side optical module.

40. The system according to any one of claims 36 - 39, characterized in that, ​ 41. An optical communication method, characterized in that, The first optical module applied to multiple access-side optical modules included in an optical communication system. The optical communication system further includes an intermediate device and a routing and switching device. The routing and switching device is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber. The intermediate device includes multiple ports. The first optical module is connected to a first port among the multiple ports through an optical fiber. The first port is any one of the multiple ports. Each port among the multiple ports corresponds to a downstream wavelength, and different ports correspond to different downstream wavelengths. The first port corresponds to a first downstream wavelength. The downstream wavelength also matches an upstream wavelength, and different downstream wavelengths match different upstream wavelengths. The first optical module corresponds to a first upstream wavelength, and the first upstream wavelength does not match the first downstream wavelength. The method includes: Receiving an optical signal of the first downstream wavelength transmitted by the first port; Transmitting an optical signal of the first upstream wavelength to the first port, so as to transmit the optical signal of the first upstream wavelength to the routing and switching device through the intermediate device. The routing and switching device is configured to match an optical signal of a downstream wavelength received by the same access-side optical module with an optical signal of an upstream wavelength transmitted.

42. An optical communication method, characterized in that, Applied to an intermediate device in an optical communication system. The optical communication system further includes a routing and switching device and multiple access-side optical modules. The routing and switching device is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber. The intermediate device includes a first optical coupler and multiple ports. The first optical coupler is respectively connected to the multiple ports through optical fibers. Each access-side optical module among the multiple access-side optical modules is connected to any one of the multiple ports through an optical fiber. Different access-side optical modules are connected to different ports. Each port among the multiple ports corresponds to a downstream wavelength, and different ports correspond to different downstream wavelengths. The downstream wavelength also matches an upstream wavelength, and different downstream wavelengths match different upstream wavelengths. Each access-side optical module corresponds to the upstream wavelength, and different access-side optical modules correspond to different upstream wavelengths. The method includes: Obtaining optical signals of multiple downstream wavelengths transmitted by the routing and switching device. The multiple downstream wavelengths include at least one downstream wavelength corresponding to the port; Transmitting, through each port among the multiple ports, an optical signal of the downstream wavelength corresponding to this port to the access-side optical module connected to this port, and receiving, through each port among the multiple ports, an optical signal of the upstream wavelength transmitted by the access-side optical module connected to this port. Among the multiple ports, there is a port where the downstream wavelength of the optical signal transmitted does not match the upstream wavelength of the optical signal received; Coupling, through the first optical coupler, optical signals of multiple upstream wavelengths received through the multiple ports into a first upstream optical signal; Transmitting the first upstream optical signal to the routing and switching device. The routing and switching device is configured to determine an optical signal of an upstream wavelength and a received optical signal of a downstream wavelength transmitted by the same access-side optical module by matching the optical signals of the multiple upstream wavelengths with the optical signals of the multiple downstream wavelengths.

43. An optical communication method, characterized in that, A routing and switching device applied to an optical communication system, the routing and switching device being plugged with a central optical module or integrated with a central optical module. The optical communication system further includes an intermediate device and a plurality of access-side optical modules. The central optical module is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber. The routing and switching device further includes a transceiver matching module. The central optical module includes a first optical demultiplexer and a plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules. The first optical demultiplexer is respectively connected to the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules through optical fibers. Each optoelectronic conversion sub-module among the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules corresponds to an uplink wavelength and a downlink wavelength with a matching relationship. The uplink wavelengths corresponding to different optoelectronic conversion sub-modules are different and the corresponding downlink wavelengths are also different. The intermediate device includes a plurality of ports. Each access-side optical module among the plurality of access-side optical modules is connected to any one of the plurality of ports through an optical fiber. Different access-side optical modules are connected to different ports. Each port corresponds to the downlink wavelength, and the downlink wavelengths corresponding to different ports are different. Each access-side optical module corresponds to the uplink wavelength, and the uplink wavelengths corresponding to different access-side optical modules are different; The method includes: Each optoelectronic conversion sub-module among the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules acquires a first downlink electrical signal transmitted by the routing and switching device, converts the acquired first downlink electrical signal into an optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to this optoelectronic conversion sub-module, and transmits the optical signal of the downlink wavelength to the intermediate device; Each optoelectronic conversion sub-module among the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules receives the optical signal of the uplink wavelength corresponding to this optoelectronic conversion sub-module transmitted by the intermediate device, converts the optical signal of the uplink wavelength corresponding to this optoelectronic conversion sub-module into a first uplink electrical signal, and transmits the first uplink electrical signal to the transceiver matching module; The transceiver matching module matches the plurality of first downlink electrical signals transmitted by the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules with the plurality of first uplink electrical signals to determine the optical signal of the uplink wavelength and the optical signal of the downlink wavelength received by the same access-side optical module.

44. A first optical module, characterized in that, The first optical module is any one of the plurality of access-side optical modules included in the optical communication system. The optical communication system further includes an intermediate device and a routing and switching device. The routing and switching device is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber. The intermediate device includes a plurality of ports. The first optical module is connected to a first port among the plurality of ports through an optical fiber. The first port is any one of the plurality of ports. Each port corresponds to a downlink wavelength, and the downlink wavelengths corresponding to different ports are different. The first port corresponds to a first downlink wavelength. Each downlink wavelength is also matched with an uplink wavelength, and the uplink wavelengths matched with different downlink wavelengths are different. The first optical module corresponds to a first uplink wavelength, and the first uplink wavelength does not match the first downlink wavelength; The first optical module is used for: Receiving the optical signal of the first downlink wavelength transmitted by the first port; Transmit an optical signal of the first uplink wavelength to the first port so as to transmit the optical signal of the first uplink wavelength to the routing and switching device through the intermediate device, and the routing and switching device is configured to match the optical signal of the downlink wavelength received by the same access-side optical module with the optical signal of the uplink wavelength transmitted by the access-side optical module.

45. An intermediate device, characterized in that, Included in an optical communication system, the optical communication system further includes a routing and switching device and a plurality of access-side optical modules. The routing and switching device is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber. The intermediate device includes a first optical coupler and a plurality of ports. The first optical coupler is respectively connected to the plurality of ports through optical fibers. Each access-side optical module among the plurality of access-side optical modules is connected to any one of the plurality of ports through an optical fiber. Different access-side optical modules are connected to different ports. Each port corresponds to a downlink wavelength, and the downlink wavelengths corresponding to different ports are different. Each downlink wavelength is also matched with an uplink wavelength, and the uplink wavelengths matched with different downlink wavelengths are different. Each access-side optical module corresponds to the uplink wavelength, and the uplink wavelengths corresponding to different access-side optical modules are different; the intermediate device is configured to: Obtain optical signals of a plurality of downlink wavelengths transmitted by the routing and switching device, where the plurality of downlink wavelengths include at least one downlink wavelength corresponding to the port. Transmit, through each of the plurality of ports, an optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to this port to the access-side optical module connected to this port, and receive, through each of the plurality of ports, an optical signal of the uplink wavelength transmitted by the access-side optical module connected to this port. There is a port among the plurality of ports where the downlink wavelength of the optical signal transmitted by the port does not match the uplink wavelength of the optical signal received by the port. Couple, through the first optical coupler, the optical signals of the plurality of uplink wavelengths received through the plurality of ports into a first uplink optical signal. Transmit the first uplink optical signal to the routing and switching device, and the routing and switching device is configured to determine the optical signal of the uplink wavelength transmitted by the same access-side optical module and The optical signal of the received downlink wavelength by matching the optical signals of the plurality of uplink wavelengths with the optical signals of the plurality of downlink wavelengths.

46. A routing and switching device, characterized in that, The routing and switching device is included in an optical communication system. The routing and switching device is plugged with a central optical module or integrated with a central optical module. The optical communication system further includes an intermediate device and a plurality of access-side optical modules. The central optical module is connected to the intermediate device through an optical fiber. The routing and switching device further includes a transceiver matching module. The central optical module includes a first demultiplexer and a plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules. The first demultiplexer is respectively connected to the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules through optical fibers. Each of the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules corresponds to an uplink wavelength and a downlink wavelength with a matching relationship. The uplink wavelengths corresponding to different optoelectronic conversion sub-modules are different and the downlink wavelengths corresponding thereto are also different. The intermediate device includes a plurality of ports. Each of the plurality of access-side optical modules is connected to any one of the plurality of ports through an optical fiber. Different access-side optical modules are connected to different ports. Each port corresponds to the downlink wavelength. The downlink wavelengths corresponding to different ports are different. Each access-side optical module corresponds to the uplink wavelength. The uplink wavelengths corresponding to different access-side optical modules are different; Each of the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules is configured to obtain a first downlink electrical signal transmitted by the routing and switching device, convert the obtained first downlink electrical signal into an optical signal of the downlink wavelength corresponding to this optoelectronic conversion sub-module, and transmit the optical signal of the downlink wavelength to the intermediate device; Each of the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules is further configured to receive the optical signal of the uplink wavelength corresponding to this optoelectronic conversion sub-module transmitted by the intermediate device, convert the received optical signal of the uplink wavelength into a first uplink electrical signal, and transmit the first uplink electrical signal to the transceiver matching module; The transceiver matching module is configured to match the plurality of first downlink electrical signals transmitted by the plurality of optoelectronic conversion sub-modules with the plurality of first uplink electrical signals to determine the optical signal of the uplink wavelength and the optical signal of the downlink wavelength received by the same access-side optical module.

47. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 15-32 and 41-43 are implemented.

48. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 15-32 and 41-43 are implemented.

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