Electronic device for generating metadata for enhancing brightness of display that displays image, and method therefor

Abstract

An electronic device according to one embodiment can acquire, in response to a photographing input, from at least one camera, a plurality of first images including brightness values having a first gradation range. The electronic device can: determine any one image from among the plurality of first images as a second image for generating map information, by using information related to a motion within a time interval during which the plurality of first images are captured; generate map information by using the second image; and generate a file including the second image and metadata that includes the map information.

Description

Electronic device and method for generating metadata for enhancing the brightness of a display displaying an image

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an electronic device and method for generating metadata for enhancing the brightness of a display displaying an image.

[0002] Digital information created to visualize images and / or videos (e.g., image files in the format of the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) and / or Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)) can be created to represent colors using a limited number of bits. For example, within the digital information, the brightness of a particular primary color (e.g., one of red, green, or blue) can be stored using eight bits. In the above example, the digital information has a total of 256 levels (= 2 8 ) can be generated to represent the brightness of a specific primary color using the brightness levels of the primary color.

[0003] The above information may be provided as background information (related art) intended to aid in understanding the present disclosure. The above-described content is not claimed to be prior art related to the present disclosure, nor can it be used in making decisions related to prior art.

[0004] According to an embodiment, an electronic device may include at least one camera, at least one processor including a processing circuit, and a memory including one or more storage media storing instructions. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to, in response to a photographing input, acquire a plurality of first images from the at least one camera, the plurality of first images including brightness values ​​having a first tonal range. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to determine one of the plurality of first images as a second image for generating map information using information related to motion within a time period during which the plurality of first images were captured. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to generate map information using the second image. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to generate a file comprising metadata including the map information and the second image.

[0005] In one embodiment, a method of an electronic device including at least one camera may be provided. The method may include an operation of acquiring, in response to a photographing input, a plurality of first images from the at least one camera, each of the first images including brightness values ​​having a first gradation range. The method may include an operation of determining one of the plurality of first images as a second image for generating map information using information related to motion within a time period during which the plurality of first images were captured. The method may include an operation of generating map information using the second image. The method may include an operation of generating a file including metadata including the map information and the second image.

[0006] In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions may be provided. The instructions, when executed by at least one processor of an electronic device including at least one camera, may cause the electronic device to, in response to a photographing input, acquire a plurality of first images from the at least one camera, each of the first images including brightness values ​​having a first tonal range. The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to determine one of the plurality of first images as a second image for generating map information using information related to motion within a time period during which the plurality of first images were captured. The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to generate map information using the second image. The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to generate a file including metadata including the map information and the second image.

[0007] In one embodiment, an electronic device may include a display, at least one processor including a processing circuit, and at least one storage medium, and may include a memory storing instructions. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to detect an event for displaying a first image having a first grayscale range. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to, in response to the event, obtain map information for another portion of the first image visually emphasized with respect to a portion of the first image from metadata in a file including the first image. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to generate a second image by applying the map information to the first image. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to control the display to operate in a second grayscale range wider than the first grayscale range to provide the second image in response to the event. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to control the display to operate in the second grayscale range to display the second image. The map information may be generated using the first image determined from among the plurality of third images having the first grayscale range based on motion within a time interval during which the plurality of third images were acquired.

[0008] In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions may be provided. The instructions, when executed by an electronic device including a display, may cause the electronic device to detect an event for displaying a first image having a first grayscale range. The instructions, when executed by the electronic device, may cause the electronic device, in response to the event, to obtain, from metadata in a file including the first image, map information for another portion of the first image visually emphasized with respect to a portion of the first image. The instructions, when executed by the electronic device, may cause the electronic device to generate a second image by applying the map information to the first image. The instructions, when executed by the electronic device, may cause the electronic device to control the display to operate in a second grayscale range wider than the first grayscale range to provide the second image in response to the event. The instructions, when executed by the electronic device, may cause the electronic device to control the display to operate in the second grayscale range to display the second image. The map information may be generated using the first image, determined from among the plurality of third images having the first grayscale range, based on motion within a time interval during which the plurality of third images were acquired.

[0009] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary operation of an electronic device that generates a file supporting HDR effects and SDR using a camera, according to one embodiment.

[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an electronic device according to one embodiment.

[0011] FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate exemplary operations of an electronic device for acquiring multiple images acquired from at least one camera.

[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary operation of an electronic device for generating a file using a plurality of images acquired from at least one camera.

[0013] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary structure of a file generated by an electronic device according to one embodiment.

[0014] Figure 6 illustrates exemplary brightness levels of a display of an electronic device displaying an image contained in a file.

[0015] FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an electronic device within a network environment according to various embodiments.

[0016] FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a camera module according to various embodiments.

[0017] FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a display module according to various embodiments.

[0018] Hereinafter, various embodiments of this document are described with reference to the attached drawings.

[0019] The various embodiments of this document and the terminology used therein are not intended to limit the technology described in this document to a specific embodiment, but should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, and / or substitutes of the embodiment. In connection with the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used for similar components. The singular expression may include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this document, expressions such as "A or B", "at least one of A and / or B", "A, B, or C", or "at least one of A, B, and / or C" may include all possible combinations of the items listed together. Expressions such as "first", "second", "first", or "second" may modify the corresponding components regardless of order or importance, and are only used to distinguish one component from another, but do not limit the corresponding components. When it is said that a component (e.g., a first component) is “(functionally or communicatively) connected” or “connected” to another component (e.g., a second component), said component may be directly connected to said other component, or may be connected via another component (e.g., a third component).

[0020] The term "module" as used in this document includes a unit composed of hardware or firmware, and may be used interchangeably with terms such as logic, block, component, or circuit. A module may be an integral component, or a minimal unit or portion thereof that performs one or more functions. For example, a module may be composed of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0021] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electronic device and method for generating metadata for enhancing the brightness of a display displaying an image. The technical effect of the present invention is to enable an electronic device to generate metadata for enhancing the brightness of a display displaying an image.

[0022] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary operation of an electronic device (101) that generates a file (110) supporting high dynamic range (HDR) effects and standard dynamic range (SDR) using a camera, according to one embodiment. The electronic device (101) may have various form factors, such as a smartphone, a laptop personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, a head-mounted display (HMD) device, a watch, and other similar computing devices (not shown). The electronic device (101) may also be referred to as a mobile device, a user terminal, a user equipment (UE), a multi-function device, a portable communication device, and / or a portable device. The form factor of the electronic device (101) is not limited to the exemplary form factors illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0023] In one embodiment, the electronic device (101) can generate a file (110), and / or visualize or display media content (e.g., media content referred to as a photograph and / or image) of the generated file (110). The file (110) can include a JPEG file, a high efficiency image file format (HEIF) file, a high efficiency image container (HEIC) file, a portable network graphic (PNG) file, and / or a graphics interchange format (GIF) file. An exemplary hardware configuration of the electronic device (101) for executing functions related to generating and / or processing the file (110) is described with reference to FIG. 2.

[0024] In the present disclosure, luminance may mean the intensity of light emitted from pixels of a display (120) (e.g., nit (or cd / m 2 ) of light intensity measured in units of light). In the present disclosure, a brightness value, a luma value, and / or a brightness level may mean a relative value represented according to a specified number of bit depths, which is a digital value assigned to a pixel of an image and is referred to as a brightness level. For example, a brightness value may include a Y value in a YUV color space.

[0025] In the present disclosure, the dynamic range of an image may mean the range of brightness of pixels of the image. Each pixel of an image having a standard dynamic range (SDR) uses a bit depth of 8 bits, and has 256 levels (= 2 8) can have any one of the brightness levels. For example, when displaying an image having SDR, the electronic device (101) can control the display (120) using the brightness values ​​(or luma values) of the pixels of the image. For example, the electronic device (101) can control the display (120) so that each pixel of the display (120) outputs light having any one of the brightness levels corresponding to the brightness levels of the 256 steps. SDR can be, for example, the dynamic range of the sRGB (standard RGB) color space. When displaying an image having SDR, the ratio between the minimum brightness and the maximum brightness of the pixels of the display (120) (hereinafter, contrast ratio) can be about 250: 1 (or about 256: 1). The minimum brightness and the maximum brightness can have a difference of about 100 nit.

[0026] According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) can perform operations related to a wider dynamic range than SDR (e.g., high dynamic range (HDR)). For example, the electronic device (101) can control the display (120) supporting the HDR mode to change the contrast ratio of the display (120) to a contrast ratio exceeding the aforementioned 250:1 (e.g., 1,000:1, 10,000:1, and / or 20,000:1). Hereinafter, the grayscale range of the display (120) can mean a range of luminance at which pixels of the display (120) can emit light.

[0027] When the display (120) is controlled according to the grayscale range of HDR, as the contrast ratio of the display (120) increases, the difference in brightness between pixels in dark and bright parts of an image displayed through the display (120) may increase. In one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may generate or display a file (110) including an image (151) having a grayscale range of SDR, and metadata for controlling pixels of the display (120) corresponding to each pixel of the image (151) in the extended grayscale range of HDR. The metadata of the file (110) may include, for example, map information (152) indicating the degree to which the brightness of each pixel of the display (120) controlled to display the image (151) increases or decreases in the grayscale range of HDR when the display (120) is controlled in HDR. Map information (152), which is information used to increase the brightness of pixels of a display controlled to display an image (151) of a file (110), may be referred to as a gain map. The map information (152) may include values ​​for adjusting brightness values ​​included in the image (151) so that a portion of the image (151) (e.g., a portion corresponding to the sky and / or the sun) is visually emphasized more than another portion of the image (151) (e.g., a portion corresponding to the ground) through the display (or display device) to display the file (110).

[0028] Referring to FIG. 1, a user interface (UI) displayed by an electronic device (101) for receiving input related to the creation of a file (110) is exemplarily illustrated. The electronic device (101) may display the screen of FIG. 1 on a display (120) while executing a software application (e.g., a camera application) for controlling at least one camera. The electronic device (101) may display, on the display (120), a preview image (131) based on at least a portion of an image acquired from at least one camera.

[0029] In one embodiment, along with the preview image (131), the electronic device (101) may display visual objects mapped to each of a plurality of functions associated with at least one camera. For example, the electronic device (101) may display a visual object (132) indicating that an image supporting an HDR effect can be captured or acquired. The visual object (132) may include designated text, such as “HDR.” While the visual object (132) is displayed, in response to an input associated with the visual object (132) (e.g., a touch input on a portion of the display (120) on which the visual object (132) is displayed), the electronic device (101) may stop displaying the visual object (132) on the display (120), or may display another visual object (e.g., a visual object including designated text, such as “SDR”) indicating that an image supporting a different dynamic range than HDR can be captured.

[0030] In the exemplary state of FIG. 1, the electronic device (101) may receive a photographing input. The photographing input may include an input for storing a file (110) related to images (e.g., images included in an image stream) that are being continuously acquired through at least one camera. For example, the photographing input may be detected by a gesture (e.g., a tap gesture) toward a visual object (133) displayed on a display (120). The visual object (133) may be referred to as a shutter. While a visual object (133) having a circular shape is illustrated as an example, the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0031] For example, the above-described photographing input may be detected by a gesture of pressing a button (134) (e.g., a button (134) for adjusting the volume of the electronic device (101)) exposed externally through one side of the electronic device (101) (e.g., a front side and a side connecting a rear side opposite to the front side).

[0032] For example, the photographing input may be detected in response to a body part (e.g., a palm) detected by at least one camera while displaying the preview image (131), and / or a user gesture related to the body part. For example, if a palm in an open posture is detected using an image acquired from at least one camera, the electronic device (101) may determine that a gesture indicating a photographing input has been detected. The electronic device (101) may display an indicator (e.g., a visual object in the form of a rectangular line) indicating the location where the palm is detected within the preview image (131). To detect the palm from the image, the electronic device (101) may perform an algorithm for object recognition.

[0033] For example, the photographing input may be detected based on an audio signal acquired from a microphone of the electronic device (101). For example, if the electronic device (101) acquires a natural language sentence representing the photographing input (e.g., “Let’s take a picture” and / or “smile”) from the audio signal, the electronic device (101) may determine that a voice command representing the photographing input has been detected. In order to recognize the natural language sentence, the electronic device (101) may process the audio signal acquired from the microphone by performing an algorithm such as STT (speech to text) while displaying the preview image (131) of FIG. 1.

[0034] An electronic device (101) that receives a photographing input may generate or store a file (110) corresponding to the photographing input. In response to the photographing input, the electronic device (101) may acquire or receive images (141, 142, 143) each having a first grayscale range (e.g., a grayscale range of SDR) from at least one camera. The images (141, 142, 143) may include brightness values ​​having the first grayscale range. The electronic device (101) may generate or acquire an image (151) having a grayscale range corresponding to SDR by synthesizing (e.g., bracketing) at least two images among the images (141, 142, 143). For example, the image (151) may include brightness values ​​represented according to a bit depth of 8 bits. For example, each of the brightness values ​​of the pixels of the image (151) may correspond to one of 256 brightness levels. The image (151) may be referred to as an SDR image.

[0035] Referring to FIG. 1, the electronic device (101) can acquire multiple images (141, 142, 143) from at least one camera in response to a single shooting input. When capturing each of the multiple images (141, 142, 143), at least one camera can be controlled by different properties (or control information). For example, at least one of the shutter speed, ISO sensitivity, and / or exposure value of the camera at a time t0 when the first image (141) is captured can be different from at least one of the shutter speed, ISO sensitivity, and / or exposure value of the camera at a time t1 when the second image (142) is captured.

[0036] Referring to FIG. 1, in one embodiment where the second image (142) is acquired using an exposure value that is increased from the exposure value used to acquire the first image (141), a portion of the second image (142) where relatively strong light is detected (e.g., a portion corresponding to the sun and / or the sky) may be saturated, and a portion of the second image (142) where relatively weak light is detected (e.g., a portion corresponding to the ground and / or a horse) may not be saturated. Alternatively, in one embodiment where the second image (142) is acquired using a shutter speed that is slower than the shutter speed used to acquire the first image (141), a portion of the second image (142) where relatively strong light is detected may be saturated. The saturated portions within the second image (142) may be collectively filled with a brightness value representing the maximum brightness (e.g., 255). For example, a portion of the second image (142) where relatively strong light is detected (e.g., a portion corresponding to the sun and / or the sky) may not contain any information for reproducing the color of said portion.

[0037] Referring to FIG. 1, in one embodiment where the third image (143) is acquired using an exposure value that is lower than all of the exposure values ​​used to acquire the first image (141) and the second image (142), the saturated portion in the third image (143) may be relatively smaller than the saturated portions in the first image (141) and the second image (142). Since the third image (143) is acquired by a camera controlled to receive relatively strong light, portions of the third image (143) where relatively weak light is detected (e.g., portions corresponding to the ground and / or the horse) may be filled with a brightness value representing the minimum brightness (e.g., 0). For example, portions of the third image (143) where relatively weak light is detected (e.g., portions corresponding to the ground and / or the horse) may not contain any information for reproducing the color of the portion.

[0038] In one embodiment, the electronic device (101) can generate a file (110) that is processable in both SDR and HDR using at least one of a plurality of images (e.g., images (141, 142, 143)) acquired in response to a photographing input. For example, the file (110) can include an image (151) that is displayable by another electronic device (or display device) that supports only SDR among SDR or HDR. For example, the electronic device (101) can include information (e.g., map information (152)) that allows scaling of visual information of the image (151) to HDR while including the image (151) in SDR that is compatible with legacy display devices that support only SDR.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 1, the difference between images (141, 142, 143) acquired from the camera may increase depending on the motion of the subject (e.g., movement and / or rotation of the subject), and / or the motion of the camera at the time of capturing, and / or the motion of the electronic device (101) including the camera (e.g., shaking and / or vibration of the hand holding the electronic device (101). In the exemplary case of FIG. 1 of capturing a running horse, since the posture of the horse at the times (t0, t1, t2) at which the images (141, 142, 143) are acquired is different, distortion (e.g., ghosting) may occur due to consistency when all of the images (141, 142, 143) are synthesized. According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may selectively synthesize some of the images (141, 142, 143) to generate or store a file (110) in order to prevent or reduce the distortion. The electronic device (101) may determine or select at least one image from among the images (141, 142, 143) to be used to generate the file (110) using information related to motion (e.g., motion of the electronic device (101) and / or the subject) that causes a difference between the images (141, 142, 143). If only one image is determined, the electronic device (101) may generate a file (110) including map information (152) generated from the determined image. An exemplary operation of an electronic device (101) for determining whether to use each of the images (141, 142, 143) acquired based on a photographing input for generating a file (110) is described with reference to FIGS. 3A to 4. An exemplary structure of a file (110) generated by the electronic device (101) is described with reference to FIG. 5. An exemplary operation of an electronic device (101) for controlling a display (120) supporting HDR in response to an input related to the file (110) is described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0040] Hereinafter, exemplary operations of the electronic device (101) for generating a file (110) in an exemplary situation of photographing a running horse are described, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. For example, in a state of photographing a static subject, the electronic device (101) may generate the file (110) using at least one of the images (141, 142, 143) to prevent or reduce distortion due to vibration of a hand holding the electronic device (101). For example, the electronic device (101) may generate the file (110) using at least one of the images (141, 142, 143) to reduce distortion due to movement of the subject and / or movement of the electronic device (101) (e.g., movement of the electronic device (101) due to vibration of a hand holding the electronic device (101)) while acquiring the images (141, 142, 143).

[0041] Below, with reference to FIG. 2, an exemplary hardware configuration of the electronic device (101) of FIG. 1 is described.

[0042] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an electronic device (101) according to one embodiment. The electronic device (101) of FIG. 2 may include the electronic device (101) of FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 2, the electronic device (101) may include a processor (210) (e.g., processor 720 of FIG. 7), a display (120), a memory (215), at least one camera (225), and a sensor (230). The hardware configuration of the electronic device (101) is not limited to the embodiment of FIG. 2. For example, the electronic device (101) may further include electronic components described with reference to FIG. 7. For example, some of the electronic components of FIG. 2 (e.g., sensor 230) may be excluded from the electronic device (101).

[0043] For example, the processor (210) may be operably coupled with the display (120) or the display driver circuit (122) within the display (120). For example, the processor (210) being operably coupled with the display (120) (or the display driver circuit (122)) may indicate that the processor (210) is directly connected to the display (120) (or the display driver circuit (122)). For example, the processor (210) being operably coupled with the display (120) (or the display driver circuit (122)) may indicate that the processor (210) is connected to the display (120) (or the display driver circuit (122)) via another component of the electronic device (101). For example, the fact that the processor (210) is operatively coupled with the display (120) (or the display driving circuit (122)) may indicate that the state of the processor (210) is such that it can control the display (120) (or the display driving circuit (122)). For example, the fact that the processor (210) is operatively coupled with the display (120) (or the display driving circuit (122)) may indicate that the operation of the display (120) (or the display driving circuit (122)) is caused based on information, data, signals, or commands obtained from the processor (210). However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0044] For example, the processor (210) of the electronic device (101) may include a circuit (e.g., a processing circuit) for processing data based on one or more instructions. The circuit for processing data may include, for example, an arithmetic and logic unit (ALU), a floating point unit (FPU), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a neural processing unit (NPU), and / or an application processor (AP). For example, the number of processors may be one or more. The processing circuit of the processor that loads (or fetches) instructions and performs calculations corresponding to the loaded instructions may be referred to as or referred to as a core circuit (or core). For example, the processor may have a multi-core processor structure including a plurality of core circuits, such as a dual core, a quad core, a hexa core, or an octa core. The functions and / or operations described with reference to the present disclosure may be performed individually or collectively by one or more processing circuits included in the processor (210).

[0045] For example, the display (120) of the electronic device (101) can output visualized information (e.g., the screen of FIG. 1) to the user. For example, the display (120) can be controlled by a controller such as a GPU (graphic processing unit) to output visualized information to the user. The display (120) can include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a plasma display panel (PDP), and / or one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs). The LEDs can include organic LEDs (OLEDs). The display (120) can include a flat panel display (FPD) and / or electronic paper. The embodiment is not limited thereto, and the display (120) can have an at least partially curved shape or a deformable shape. A display (120) having a deformable shape can be referred to as a flexible display.

[0046] For example, the display (120) of the electronic device (101) may include a sensor (e.g., a touch sensor panel (TSP)) for detecting an external object (e.g., a user's finger) on the display (120). For example, based on the TSP, the processor (210) may detect an external object that is in contact with the display (120) or floating on the display (120). In response to detecting the external object, the processor (210) may execute a function related to a specific visual object corresponding to a location of the external object on the display (120) among visual objects displayed on the display (120).

[0047] For example, the display (120) may include a display driver circuit (122) (e.g., a display driver IC (930) of FIG. 9) and a display panel (124) (e.g., a display (910) of FIG. 9). For example, the display driver circuit (122) may be operatively coupled to the display panel (124). For example, if the display panel (124) includes a plurality of LEDs arranged in a two-dimensional matrix form, the display driver circuit (122) may be configured to control at least one LED included in a corresponding row or column among the plurality of LEDs. The display driver circuit (122) controlling the at least one LED may include an operation of adjusting the brightness (or light quantity, and / or light intensity) of the LEDs. In the present disclosure, brightness may mean the intensity of light emitted from pixels of the display (120) (e.g., nits (or cd / m 2 ) of light intensity measured in units of light). In the present disclosure, brightness may include a relative value expressed in bits of bit depth, referred to as brightness level, as the brightness of a pixel of an image to be displayed through a display (120).

[0048] For example, the memory (215) of the electronic device (101) may include a circuit and / or a storage medium for storing data and / or instructions input and / or output to the processor (210). The memory may include, for example, volatile memory such as random-access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory such as read-only memory (ROM). The non-volatile memory may be referred to as storage. The volatile memory may include, for example, at least one of dynamic RAM (DRAM), static RAM (SRAM), cache RAM, and pseudo SRAM (PSRAM). The non-volatile memory may include, for example, at least one of programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), flash memory, hard disk, compact disc, solid state drive (SSD), and embedded multi media card (eMMC). The processor (210) of the electronic device (101) can execute instructions of the memory (215) within the electronic device (101) to perform functions and / or operations indicated by the instructions. For example, when the electronic device (101) includes at least one processor, the at least one processor can be configured to collectively or individually execute the instructions.

[0049] For example, at least one camera (225) of the electronic device (101) may include one or more optical sensors (e.g., a charged coupled device (CCD) sensor, a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor) that generate an electrical signal representing the color and / or brightness of light. The plurality of optical sensors included in the at least one camera (225) may be arranged in the form of a two-dimensional array. The at least one camera (225) may acquire the electrical signals of each of the plurality of optical sensors substantially simultaneously to generate two-dimensional frame data corresponding to light reaching the optical sensors of the two-dimensional array. For example, photographic data captured using the at least one camera (225) may mean one (a) two-dimensional frame data acquired from the at least one camera (225). For example, video data captured using the at least one camera (225) may mean a sequence of a plurality of two-dimensional frame data acquired from the at least one camera (225). At least one camera (225) of FIG. 2 may include a camera module (780) of FIG. 7 and / or FIG. 8.

[0050] For example, a sensor (230) of an electronic device (101) may generate electrical information that may be processed by a processor (210) and / or a memory (215) from non-electronic information related to the electronic device (101). The electrical information generated by the sensor (230) may be stored in the memory (215), processed by the processor (210), and / or transmitted to another electronic device distinct from the electronic device (101). For example, the sensor (230) may include an inertial measurement unit (IMU) (232) for measuring physical motion of the electronic device (101). The IMU (232) may include an acceleration sensor, a gyro sensor, a geomagnetic sensor, or a combination thereof. For example, from the IMU (232), the processor (210) may receive electrical signals representing gravitational acceleration and / or acceleration along each of a plurality of axes (e.g., the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis) that are perpendicular to each other and based on a designated origin (e.g., a designated origin within the IMU (232). For example, from the IMU (232), the processor (210) may receive electrical signals representing angular velocities along each of the plurality of axes. For example, from the IMU (232), the processor (210) may receive electrical signals representing the magnitude of a magnetic field formed in the electronic device (101) along each of the plurality of axes (e.g., the x-axis, the y-axis, and / or the z-axis).

[0051] Although the IMU (232) included in the sensor (230) has been described as an example, the embodiment is not limited thereto. For example, the sensor (230) may further include sensors not shown in FIG. 2 (e.g., a global positioning system (GPS) sensor, a proximity sensor, a grip sensor, a temperature sensor, a heart rate sensor, and / or a time-of-flight (ToF) sensor).

[0052] Referring to FIG. 2, a file (110) may be stored in a memory (215) of an electronic device (101). The electronic device (101) may execute a software application (e.g., a camera application) related to at least one camera (225) to generate the file (110) or store the file in the memory (215). The electronic device (101) may execute a software application (e.g., a gallery application) for visualizing the file (110) to display an image based on the file (110) on a display (120). The file (110) may include color information representing the colors of pixels of an image (e.g., the image (151) of FIG. 1) according to a color space such as YUV, RGB, and / or HSV. For example, a file (110) based on an RGB color space may represent the color of a specific pixel using the intensities of the three primary colors of red, green, and blue. For example, a file (110) based on the color space of YUV can represent the color of a specific pixel using three components including a brightness component (e.g., Y component) and chrominance components (e.g., Cb component, and / or Cr component).

[0053] For example, at least three channels may be used to represent the colors of pixels of an image. When generating a file (110) in JPEG format using images acquired from at least one camera (225), the processor (210) may represent the colors of pixels represented by the file (110) using three channels (or components) having a bit depth of 8 bits. The file (110) may additionally include map information (e.g., map information (152) of FIG. 1) corresponding to a specific component (e.g., brightness component). For example, the map information corresponding to a brightness component (or brightness channel) may be used to change the grayscale range of the brightness component and / or the brightness of pixels controlled by the brightness component (e.g., increasing or decreasing the brightness based on HDR).

[0054] According to one embodiment, the processor (210) of the electronic device (101) may acquire or receive a plurality of images (e.g., images 141, 142, 143 of FIG. 1) from at least one camera (225) in response to a photographing input. The processor (210) may acquire information related to motion of the electronic device (101) and / or at least one subject included in the images within a time period during which the images were captured. Using the information related to motion within the time period, the processor (210) may determine a portion of the plurality of images as an image for generating at least a portion of a file (110) (e.g., map information included in the file (110). The processor (210) may generate or acquire, using at least a portion of the plurality of images, an image including brightness values ​​having a grayscale range of SDR to be included in the file (110) (e.g., image 151 of FIG. 1). The image may include information (e.g., brightness values ​​having a bit depth of 8 bits) readable by a display device that supports only SDR (e.g., a legacy display device) among SDR or HDR. In this disclosure, the term "time section" may be used interchangeably with the term "time period."

[0055] Using a portion of a plurality of images determined to generate map information of a file (110), the processor (210) can generate or obtain the map information so that an image having a grayscale range of SDR in the file (110) is displayed as an image having brightness values ​​in a grayscale range greater (or wider) than the grayscale range of SDR through a display device (e.g., a display supporting HDR mode, such as the display (120) of FIG. 1). The processor (210) can generate a file (110) including the map information and an image having a grayscale range of SDR.

[0056] When the processor (210) generates a file (110) using a portion of a plurality of images, the processor (210) may remove a portion of the plurality of images and other portions thereof. For example, the plurality of images may be stored at least temporarily in a memory (215) (e.g., a volatile memory). The processor (210) may remove from the memory a portion of the plurality of images other than a portion determined to generate the file (110) and / or metadata (e.g., map information (152)) within the file (110). For example, the remaining portion removed from the memory may not be used in any operation related to generating the file (110).

[0057] Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 3a and / or FIG. 3b, an exemplary operation of an electronic device (101) for generating a file (110) using images acquired from at least one camera (225) is described.

[0058] FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate exemplary operations of an electronic device (101) that acquires a plurality of images (141, 142, 143) acquired from at least one camera (e.g., at least one camera (225) of FIG. 2). The electronic device (101) of FIGS. 1 and 2, and / or the processor (210) of FIG. 2, may perform the operations of the electronic device (101) described with reference to FIGS. 3A and 3B.

[0059] Referring to FIG. 3A, an exemplary state in which a plurality of images (141, 142, 143) are acquired from at least one camera in response to a photographing input is illustrated. An electronic device (101) executing a software application related to at least one camera may execute a plurality of threads related to the plurality of images (141, 142, 143) in order to quickly perform an operation of generating a file (110) from the plurality of images (141, 142, 143). A thread is a unit in which a processor (e.g., the processor (210) of FIG. 2) executes tasks and / or instructions, and may be a unit in which resources of the processor (e.g., time and / or occupancy state of a processing circuit) are distributed.

[0060] In one embodiment, by executing a plurality of threads, the processor can execute the functions of each of the plurality of threads substantially simultaneously. The plurality of threads executed in response to a photographing input may include a first thread (e.g., a generation thread) for generating map information (152) from at least one of the plurality of images (141, 142, 143), and a second thread (e.g., a determination thread) for determining a portion of the plurality of images (141, 142, 143) to be used for generating the map information (152).

[0061] In one embodiment, an electronic device (101) that acquires a plurality of images (141, 142, 143) may generate map information (152) in response to the plurality of images (141, 142, 143) acquired from at least one camera. The map information (152) may be a two-dimensional array that includes degrees of enhancing brightness of different portions of a reference image (e.g., an image (151) to be stored in a file (110) and / or one of the plurality of images (141, 142, 143)). A width (w2) and a height (h2) of the two-dimensional array may be equal to or smaller than a width (w1) and a height (h1) of the reference image (e.g., an image (151)). In one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may determine, among a plurality of images (141, 142, 143), a first image (141) having attributes related to a photographing input (e.g., exposure value, shutter speed, and / or ISO sensitivity) as an image (151) to be stored in a file (110). The electronic device (101) may generate or obtain map information (152) for the determined image (151).

[0062] For example, the electronic device (101) may generate map information (152) by using the difference in brightness values ​​of the first image (141) and another image (e.g., the second image (142) and / or the third image (143)). In the example, the electronic device (101) may apply a specified weight to the brightness values ​​of the another image. The electronic device (101) may generate map information (152) by using the difference values ​​between the brightness values ​​to which the specified weight is applied and the brightness values ​​of the first image (141). The map information (152) may include difference values ​​that are 0 and / or positive among the difference values. If the brightness value of the another image is greater than the brightness value of the first image (141), a positive difference value may be stored in the map information (152). For example, the map information (152) may include information on a brightness range brighter than the brightness range represented by the first image (141).

[0063] When generating map information (152) using all of the plurality of images (141, 142, 143), the processor may execute a second thread that is different from the first thread that generates the map information (152) from the plurality of images (141, 142, 143) to obtain information indicating motion related to the plurality of images (141, 142, 143). Using the information, the electronic device (101) may select or determine at least one image from among the plurality of images to be used for generating the map information (152). For example, among the plurality of images having different properties (e.g., exposure value, ISO sensitivity, and / or shutter speed), the electronic device (101) may determine a portion to be used for generating the map information (152).

[0064] For example, the electronic device (101) can compare a reference image (e.g., a first image (141)) and other images among a plurality of images (141, 142, 143) to calculate or identify a motion (e.g., a subject captured by a camera, and / or a motion of the electronic device (101)) that occurred when capturing the other image, and a change in content caused by the motion. Referring to FIG. 3A, the electronic device (101) that has acquired the plurality of images (141, 142, 143) can execute the second thread to acquire or extract feature points (or key points) of each of the plurality of images (141, 142, 143). The feature point of a specific image may mean a portion and / or pixel uniquely included in the specific image, which is used to distinguish the specific image from other images. The electronic device (101) can detect feature points from a plurality of images (141, 142, 143) by performing algorithms such as Harris corner detection, Shi & Tomasi Detection, FAST (feature from accelerated segment test), SIFT (scale-invariant feature transform), SURF (speeded up robust features), BRIEF (binary robust independent elementary features), and / or ORB (oriented and rotated BRIEF).

[0065] Referring to FIG. 3A, the electronic device (101) may determine feature points included in images (141, 142, 143) as motion-related information. Locations indicated by 'x' in each of the images (141, 142, 143) may correspond to feature points. For example, in the image (141), a feature point (311) related to the right hind leg of the horse, a feature point (312) related to the head of the rider, and a feature point (313) related to the sun may be extracted. In the image (142), a feature point (321) related to the right hind leg of the horse, and a feature point (322) related to the head of the rider may be extracted. Because a portion of the image (142) related to the sky and / or the sun is saturated, a feature point related to the sun may not be extracted from the image (142). In the image (143), feature points (331) related to the horse's right hind leg, feature points (332) related to the rider's head, and feature points (333) related to the sun can be extracted.

[0066] The positions of the feature points determined in each of the images (141, 142, 143) may move according to the motion of the subject and / or the electronic device (101) at each of the points in time (t0, t1, t2) at which the images (141, 142, 143) are captured. For example, as the posture of the horse changes at each of the points in time (t0, t1, t2) at which the images (141, 142, 143) are captured, the feature points (311, 321, 331) related to the right hind leg of the horse in each of the first image (141) to the third image (143) may have different positions. The positions of the feature points (311, 321, 331) may move according to the motion of the electronic device (101) within a time interval including time points (t0, t1, t2). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may compare the positions of the feature points (e.g., feature points (311, 321, 331)) in the images (141, 142, 143) to determine at least one image to be used to generate map information (152) among the images (141, 142, 143).

[0067] Referring to FIG. 3B, an exemplary operation of an electronic device (101) for comparing locations of feature points of a first image (141) and a second image (142) is illustrated. In one embodiment where the electronic device (101) generates map information (152) having a width (w2) and a height (h2) smaller than the width (w1) and the height (h1) of the images (141, 142), pixels of the map information (152) may correspond to different portions of the images (141, 142). In one embodiment where the first image (141) is determined as a reference image, an area (391) of the first image (141) that includes a feature point (311) may correspond to a pixel p of the map information (152). The size of the region (391) may be a ratio between the size of the map information (152) (e.g., width (w2) and / or height (h2)) and the size of the first image (141) (e.g., width (w1) and / or height (h1)). For example, the width of the region (391) may be w1 / w2, and the height of the region (391) may be h1 / h2. As the size of the map information (152) decreases, the size of the region (391) may increase.

[0068] In one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may calculate or determine distances between locations of feature points (311, 321) in each of the first image (141) and the second image (142). Based on whether at least one of the distances exceeds a ratio of the sizes of the first image (141) and the map information (152), the electronic device (101) may determine another image (e.g., the second image (142)) different from the first image (141), which is a reference image, as the image to be used for generating the map information (152). For example, if all of the distances are less than or equal to the ratio, the electronic device (101) may determine the other image as the image to be used for generating the map information (152). For example, if at least one of the above distances exceeds the above ratio, the electronic device (101) may not use the other image for generating the map information (152) and / or may discard the other image.

[0069] For example, since the size of the region (391) (e.g., width w1 / w2, and / or height h1 / h2) is determined by the ratio of the sizes of the first image (141) and the map information (152), a distance between the positions of the feature points (311, 321) exceeding the ratio may mean that the feature points (311, 321) correspond to different pixels of the map information (152). Referring to FIG. 3B, a case is illustrated in which a feature point (311) is extracted from a region (391) of the first image (141) corresponding to pixel p of the map information (152), and a feature point (321) in a second image (142) that matches the feature point (311) is extracted from another region (392) different from the region (391) of the second image (142). In the above case, the area (392) may be matched to a different pixel than pixel p of the map information (152). Since the feature points (311, 321) are matched to the same subject (e.g., the right hind leg of a horse), when the map information (152) is generated using all of the first image (141) and the second image (142), all of the pixels of the map information (152) corresponding to the areas (391, 392) may include information related to the subject. The information included in all of the pixels of the map information (152) may cause distortion (e.g., ghosting) due to the motion of the subject. To prevent the distortion, the electronic device (101) may discard the second image (142) including the feature point (321) that is spaced apart from the feature point (311) by more than the ratio. For example, the second image (142) may be determined not to be used for generating map information (152).

[0070] Referring again to FIG. 3A, in one embodiment where the electronic device (101) acquires three images (141, 142, 143) in response to a photographing input, the electronic device (101) may calculate distances between feature points (e.g., feature points (311, 312, 313)) of a first image (141), which is a reference image, and feature points (e.g., feature points (321, 322, 331, 332, 333)) of other images (e.g., a second image (142) and / or a third image (143)). The electronic device (101) may calculate or determine distances between feature points determined to be associated with the same subject and / or to match each other. If the distance between a feature point of a reference image (e.g., feature point (311)) and a feature point of a specific image (e.g., feature point (321)) (e.g., second image (142)) exceeds a specified distance (e.g., a distance corresponding to a ratio between the sizes of the map information (152) and the first image (151)) that may cause distortion in the map information (152), the electronic device (101) may remove the specific image from the memory. For example, the specific image may be determined not to be used in generating the map information (152) and / or the file (110).

[0071] Although an exemplary operation of determining at least one image to be used for generating map information (152) among images (141, 142, 143) by using distances between feature points has been described, the embodiment is not limited thereto. The electronic device (101) may determine at least one image to be used for generating map information (152) based on motion (e.g., movement distance, movement speed, rotation angle, and / or angular velocity) of the electronic device (101) measured by a sensor (e.g., an IMU (232) of FIG. 2) of the electronic device (101) and / or an optical image stabilization (OIS) of a camera within a time interval (e.g., a time interval between time points t0 and t2) in which the images (141, 142, 143) were acquired. For example, among the images (141, 142, 143) acquired from the camera, the number of images to be used to generate map information (152) may vary depending on the size of the motion indicated by the motion-related information. As the distance between feature points increases or the size of the motion increases, the number of images to be used to generate map information (152) may decrease.

[0072] Since feature points are mainly extracted from edges (e.g., vertices) expressed by pixels of an image, the number of feature points in an image may be related to the complexity of the image. For example, the fewer the number of feature points in images (141, 142, 143), the simpler the content the images (141, 142, 143) may contain. As the complexity of an image decreases, the possibility of distortion occurring in map information (152) corresponding to the image may decrease. In one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may generate map information (152) using all of the images (141, 142, 143) without comparing the locations of the feature points of the images (141, 142, 143) when the number of feature points in each of the images (141, 142, 143) is less than a specified threshold.

[0073] In one embodiment, as the resolution and / or size of the map information (152) decrease, the size of the areas (391, 392) may increase. The electronic device (101) may reduce distortion of the map information (152) due to movement of the subject and / or the electronic device (101) by reducing the resolution and / or size of the map information (152). In one embodiment of FIG. 3B, the electronic device (101) that identifies feature points (311, 321) having a distance exceeding a ratio of the sizes of the first image (141) and the map information (152) may reduce the size of the map information (152) so that all of the feature points (311, 321) match specific pixels of the map information (152) having the reduced size. In this case, distortion of map information (152) due to motion of the subject corresponding to feature points (311, 321) may not occur. In one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may reduce the size of the map information (152) while the size of the map information (152) exceeds a specified size.

[0074] As described above, when the electronic device (101) acquires a plurality of images (141, 142, 143) based on a photographing input, the electronic device (101) can determine whether to use each of the images (141, 142, 143) to generate map information (152). Depending on the subject and / or the motion of the electronic device (101) (e.g., shaking of the electronic device (101)) while capturing the images (141, 142, 143), the number of images to be used to generate map information (152) may be reduced. According to one embodiment, when the number of images to be used for generating map information (152) is reduced below a specified number, the electronic device (101) may control at least one camera (e.g., at least one camera (225) of FIG. 2) to additionally acquire at least one image (e.g., an image including brightness values ​​having a grayscale range of SDR) to be used for generating map information (152). When additionally acquiring the at least one image, the electronic device (101) may change at least one of the camera properties (e.g., shutter speed, ISO sensitivity, and / or exposure value) that were set for acquiring the images (141, 142, 143). By controlling the camera having the changed at least one property, the electronic device (101) may additionally acquire at least one image. The additionally acquired at least one image may be used to generate map information (152) together with the images whose number is reduced below a specified number. Additionally, the at least one image acquired may be acquired from a ring buffer formed in a memory of the electronic device (101) (e.g., memory (215) of FIG. 2). The ring buffer may be formed in the memory to at least temporarily store images (e.g., image frames) acquired continuously from at least one camera.

[0075] As described above, when the electronic device (101) executes multiple threads, the electronic device (101) can substantially simultaneously execute a first thread for generating map information (152) from images (141, 142, 143) and a second thread for determining a portion of the images (141, 142, 143) to be used for generating the map information (152). For example, when the map information (152) is generated based on the execution of the first thread, the electronic device (101) can use the second thread to determine whether to store the map information (152) generated based on the first thread in a file (110). Based on the execution of the second thread, when some of the images (141, 142, 143) (e.g., one first image (141)) are used to generate map information (152), the electronic device (101) may generate map information (152) using some of the images (141, 142, 143) instead of generating map information (152) from the images (141, 142, 143) using the first thread (e.g., stopping generating map information (152) from the images (141, 142, 143) using the first thread). For example, when generating map information (152) using only one of the images (141, 142, 143), the electronic device (101) may determine an increase in brightness indicated by the map information (152) within a range less than a specified threshold. The above specified threshold can be empirically determined based on the range of luminance increases that can be estimated from a single image.

[0076] As described above, according to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may generate a file (110) including an image (151) having a grayscale range of SDR, which is generated using metadata including map information (152) and at least a portion of the images (141, 142, 143). The map information (152) may be referred to as a gain map, which is information used to increase the brightness of pixels of a display controlled to display the image (151) of the file (110). The map information (152) may include values ​​for adjusting brightness values ​​included in the image (151) so that a portion of the image (151) (e.g., a portion corresponding to the ground) is visually emphasized over another portion of the image (151) (e.g., a portion corresponding to the sky and / or the sun) through a display (or display device) displaying the file (110).

[0077] Below, with reference to FIG. 4, an exemplary operation of an electronic device for generating a file (110) is described.

[0078] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary operation of an electronic device that generates a file using a plurality of images (e.g., a plurality of images (141, 142, 143) of FIG. 1) acquired from at least one camera (e.g., at least one camera (225) of FIG. 2). The electronic device (101) of FIGS. 1 and 2, and / or the processor (210) of FIG. 2, may perform the operation of the electronic device (101) described with reference to FIG. 4.

[0079] Referring to FIG. 4, in operation (410), a processor of an electronic device according to an embodiment may acquire a plurality of first images in response to a photographing input. The photographing input of operation (410) may include the photographing input described above with reference to FIG. 1. In response to the photographing input, the processor may control at least one camera (e.g., at least one camera (225) of FIG. 2) to acquire the plurality of first images of operation (410). To acquire first images having different properties, the processor may change properties of the at least one camera (e.g., ISO sensitivity, shutter speed, and / or exposure value) based on acquiring each of the first images. The first images of operation (410) may have different properties, such as the plurality of images (141, 142, and 143) of FIG. 1, and may be captured or acquired by at least one camera at different points in time.

[0080] Referring to FIG. 4, in operation (420), according to an embodiment, a processor of an electronic device may obtain information related to motion within a time period in which a plurality of first images are acquired. For example, the information of operation (420) may include feature points included in each of the plurality of first images (or distances and / or differences between locations of feature points). For example, the information of operation (420) may include differences (e.g., distances) between locations of feature points that match each other in different images. The information of operation (420) may be related to motion of the electronic device (101) detected by a sensor of the electronic device (e.g., the IMU (232) of FIG. 2)) within the time period. For example, the information of operation (420) may include data for identifying shaking of the electronic device (e.g., vibrations generated from a hand holding the electronic device) and / or movement of a subject that occurred while acquiring the plurality of first images.

[0081] Referring to FIG. 4, in operation (430), according to one embodiment, the processor of the electronic device may use the acquired information to determine a portion of the plurality of first images as images associated with map information (e.g., map information (152) of FIG. 1). For example, the processor may perform the operations described with reference to FIG. 3A and / or FIG. 3B to determine whether to use each of the first images of operation (410) for generating map information. Images that include content different from other images may be excluded or removed due to motion of the subject and / or the electronic device.

[0082] Referring to FIG. 4, in operation (440), according to one embodiment, a processor of an electronic device may generate map information (e.g., map information (152) of FIG. 1) using a determined portion of operation (430). For example, if two or more images are determined to be images associated with map information based on operation (430), the processor may generate or obtain map information by synthesizing the two or more images acquired using different exposure values. For example, if only one image is determined to be an image associated with map information based on operation (430), the processor may perform an algorithm for generating map information from a single image to obtain or generate map information of operation (440).

[0083] Referring to FIG. 4, in operation (450), according to one embodiment, a processor of an electronic device may generate a file including an image related to SDR and map information for an HDR effect. The image related to SDR of operation (450) may include an image obtained by at least partially synthesizing a plurality of first images of operation (410) (e.g., image (151) of FIG. 1). The map information of operation (450) may include map information of operation (440) (e.g., map information (152) of FIG. 1). For example, when only one image is determined as the image of operation (430), the processor may generate or store a file including the determined image and map information generated using the determined image.

[0084] As described above, according to one embodiment, the processor of the electronic device can prevent or reduce distortion of at least a portion (e.g., map information) of the file due to motion (e.g., motion of the electronic device including the subject and / or the camera, such as movement and / or rotation) that makes the content of the plurality of images different when generating a file supporting an HDR effect by synthesizing a plurality of images having SDR. Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 5, an exemplary structure of a file (e.g., file (110) of FIG. 1) generated by the operation of the electronic device (101) described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 is described.

[0085] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary structure of a file (110) generated by an electronic device according to one embodiment. The electronic device (101) of FIGS. 1 to 2 and / or the processor (210) of FIG. 2 may perform the operations of the electronic device (101) described with reference to FIG. 5. The file (110) of FIG. 5 may be generated by the operations of the electronic device (101) described with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3B and / or FIG. 4.

[0086] Referring to FIG. 5, the structure of a file (110) based on the format of the International Standardization Organization (ISO), referred to as EXIF ​​(EXchangeable Image File), is illustrated. The file (110) stored in a memory (e.g., memory (215) of FIG. 2) may start from an area (M1) in which a designated value (e.g., a value of Table 1 below) indicating the start of the file (110) is stored. After the area (M1), application areas (APPlication segments) (e.g., M2, M3, M4, ..., M10) may be formed within the file (110).

[0087] Tag information may be stored in the first application area (M2) of the file (110). The tag information may include one or more character strings used for indexing the file (110). Content list data (M3) and / or stream data (M4 to M10) may be stored in the second application area (APP2) of the file (110). Within the file (110), after the application areas (M2, M3, ..., M10), a JPEG table area (M11, M12, ..., M15) may be formed. The JPEG table area may include a Define-Quantization-Tables (DQT) area (M11) (e.g., a variable area starting with a value in Table 1 below), a Define-Huffman-Tables (DHT) area (M12) (e.g., a variable area starting with a value in Table 1 below), a Define-Restart-Interval (DRI) area (M13) (e.g., a fixed area starting with a value in Table 1 below), a Start-Of-Frame (SOF) area (M14), and / or a Start-Of-Scan (SOS) area (M15) (e.g., a variable area starting with a value in Table 1 below). Within the file (110), a JPEG compressed data area (M16) may be formed after the JPEG table area. The file (110) may include, after the JPEG compressed data area (M16), an area (M17) in which a designated value is stored to indicate the end of the file (110) (e.g., a fixed area starting with the value in Table 1 below).

[0088] In one embodiment, information stored in a file (110) based on the format of EXIF ​​is not limited to the example of FIG. 5. For example, the file (110) may include information having a name in Table 1.

[0089] Abbreviation file (110) Value (hexadecimal based) Length of information (or payload) Name SOI 0xFF, 0xD8 None Start point of image SOF 00xFF, 0xC0 Variable Start point of frame (baseline DCT (discrete cosine transform)) SOF 2 0xFF, 0xC2 Variable Start point of frame (progressive DCT) DHT 0xFF, 0xC4 Variable Definition of Huffman table DQT 0xFF, 0xDB Variable Definition of quantization table DRI 0xFF, 0xDD4 Definition of byte restart period SOS 0xFF, 0xDA Variable Start point of scan RSTn 0xFF, 0xDn (n = 0, ..., 7) None Restart point APPn 0xFF, 0xEn Variable Application area (EXIF, APP1, etc.) COM 0xFF, 0xFE variable comment EOI 0xFF, 0xD9 none End point of image

[0090] In one embodiment, a composite image (e.g., image (151) of FIG. 1) obtained from images (e.g., multiple images (141, 142, 143) of FIG. 1) obtained from at least one camera (e.g., at least one camera (225) of FIG. 2) may be stored in a JPEG compressed data area (M16) within a file (110). Metadata may be stored in other areas (e.g., M2 to M10) of the file (110) that are different from the JPEG compressed data area (M16). For example, map information (152) used to restore and / or display an HDR image may be stored in a second application area (APP2) of the file (110).

[0091] In one embodiment, a display device (e.g., electronic device (101) of FIG. 1) that supports display of an HDR effect can detect an event for displaying an image (151) (or a file (110) including the image (151)) having a grayscale range of SDR. In response to the event, the display device can obtain, from metadata of the file (110) including the image (151), map information (152) for another portion of the image (151) that is visually emphasized for a portion of the image (151). The display device can apply the map information (152) to the image (151) to generate or synthesize an image (510) to be used for the HDR effect. The map information (152) can indicate a portion of the image (151) that should be displayed according to a relatively high luminance. The display device can synthesize or generate an image (510) having a relatively large brightness deviation by reducing or suppressing the brightness level of a portion (e.g., a portion related to the ground and / or horse of the image (151)) that is different from the portion identified by the map information (152). The display device can display the synthesized image (510) using the grayscale range of HDR, thereby displaying the image (510) having an increased brightness deviation using an increased contrast ratio.

[0092] Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 6, an exemplary operation of an electronic device that controls a display (e.g., the display (120) of FIG. 1 and / or FIG. 2) to display an image having an HDR effect using a file (110) is described.

[0093] FIG. 6 illustrates exemplary brightness levels of a display of an electronic device (101) displaying an image (151) included in a file (110). The electronic device (101) of FIGS. 1 to 2 and / or the processor (210) of FIG. 2 may perform the operations of the electronic device (101) described with reference to FIG. 6. The file of FIG. 6 may correspond to the file (110) of FIGS. 1 to 5.

[0094] Referring to FIG. 6, different states (601, 602) of an electronic device (101) displaying a screen for searching and / or displaying an image are illustrated. The electronic device (101) may display the screen of FIG. 6 on the display (120) while executing a software application (e.g., a gallery application) for viewing images and / or videos stored in a memory (e.g., memory (215) of FIG. 2).

[0095] Referring to FIG. 6, the electronic device (101) may display visual objects (611, 612, 613) for switching screens displayed on the display (120) along the bottom edge of the display (120). The visual object (611) may be mapped to a function for displaying a list of software applications that have been executed by the electronic device (101). The visual object (612) may be mapped to a function for switching to a designated screen referred to as a home screen (or launcher screen). The visual object (613) may be mapped to a function for switching to another screen that was displayed before the screen currently displayed on the display (120). Within the screen of FIG. 6, the electronic device (101) may display options (e.g., pictures, albums, and memories) for switching screens to be displayed through the display (120) in an area (614).

[0096] In an exemplary state (601) of FIG. 6, the electronic device (101) can display thumbnail images corresponding to each of the images stored in the memory. In one embodiment in which the file (110) described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 is stored, the electronic device (101) can display a thumbnail image (619) corresponding to the file (110). The thumbnail image (619) can be displayed using pixels of the display (120) operating in the grayscale range (or luminance range) of SDR. For example, the electronic device (101) can generate or display the thumbnail image (619) using at least a portion of the image (151) having SDR in the file (110). The thumbnail image (619) can have a smaller resolution, width, and / or height than the image (151) included in the file (110).

[0097] Within a state (601) of displaying a screen including a thumbnail image (619), the luminance of the display (120) of the electronic device (101) may be distributed within a relatively small size range based on SDR. Referring to FIG. 6, within the state (601), the minimum luminance (l1) and the maximum luminance (l2) of the pixels of the display (120) are illustrated. Between the minimum luminance (l1) and the maximum luminance (l2), the pixels (e.g., pixels corresponding to the thumbnail image (619)) may be controlled according to 256 brightness levels (e.g., brightness levels represented according to a bit depth of 8 bits of SDR). The ratio (e.g., contrast ratio) between the maximum luminance (l2) and the minimum luminance (l1) may be approximately 250: 1 (or 256: 1).

[0098] Within the exemplary state (601) of FIG. 6, while displaying a thumbnail image (619) having a first dynamic range based on SDR, the electronic device (101) may receive an input related to the thumbnail image (619). The input may include a touch input (e.g., a tap gesture) on a portion of the display (120) on which the thumbnail image (619) is displayed. The input may be performed to display an image corresponding to the thumbnail image (619) (e.g., the file (110) of FIG. 1 and / or the image (151) within the file (110). For example, in response to the input, the electronic device (101) may detect an event for displaying the image having SDR while the brightness level of the display (120) is set to the first brightness level associated with SDR.

[0099] In response to an input for a thumbnail image (619) corresponding to a file supporting HDR effect (e.g., file (110) of FIG. 1), the electronic device (101) may switch to a state (602) for controlling the display (120) within HDR. Within the state (602), the electronic device (101) may synthesize an image (510) for HDR effect using an image of SDR and metadata included in the file. The image (510) may be generated by applying map information (152) to an image (151) having SDR, as described above with reference to FIG. 5. The map information (152) may be generated by a portion of the images, among the images having the grayscale range of SDR (e.g., images (141, 142, 143) of FIG. 1), determined based on motion within a time interval in which the images were acquired. Map information (152) may be a grayscale image. Parts of the images may be determined based on the locations of feature points of the images.

[0100] Within a state (602) of displaying a running screen on which an image (510) is placed, the electronic device (101) can control pixels of the display area (629) of the display (120) corresponding to the image (510) to operate at a brightness level associated with HDR. Within the state (602), the electronic device (101) can control pixels of the remaining display areas of the display (120) different from the display area (629) to operate at a brightness level associated with a dynamic range (e.g., SDR) different from HDR. For example, the electronic device (101) can control the display (120) to operate in a grayscale range of HDR that is wider than a grayscale range of SDR in order to provide the image (510) in response to the event. For example, in order to display the image (510), the electronic device (101) can control the display (120) to operate in a grayscale range of HDR.

[0101] Referring to FIG. 6, in a state (602) of displaying an image (510) based on HDR, the minimum luminance (l3) and the maximum luminance (l4) of the pixels of the display (120) are shown. The deviation (or contrast ratio) between the maximum luminance (l4) and the minimum luminance (l3) may be greater than the deviation (or contrast ratio) between the maximum luminance (l2) and the minimum luminance (l1) in a state (601) in which the display (120) is controlled based on SDR. Between the maximum luminance (l4) and the minimum luminance (l3), the pixels of the display (120) may have a step exceeding 256 steps (e.g., 2 10 = 1024) can be controlled by brightness levels (e.g., brightness levels represented according to the bit depth of 10 bits of HDR).

[0102] Referring to FIG. 6, in the luminance region, the minimum luminance (l1) in a state (601) in which the display (120) is controlled based on SDR and the minimum luminance (l3) in a state (602) in which the display (120) is controlled based on HDR may have a relatively small difference or may be the same. In the luminance region, the maximum luminance (l2) in a state (601) in which the display (120) is controlled based on SDR and the maximum luminance (l4) in a state (602) in which the display (120) is controlled based on HDR may have a relatively large difference.

[0103] Within a state (602) of controlling a display (120) based on HDR, the electronic device (101) may display a visual object (624) to guide visualization of an image (151) using an HDR effect on the display (120). For example, a visual object (624) including designated text such as “HDR ON” is illustrated, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. Within the state (602), the electronic device (101) may display an area (621) including visual objects providing functions related to the image (151) (e.g., visual objects corresponding to functions such as like, rename, share, and / or delete). Within the state (602), the electronic device (101) may display a visual object (622) to return to a state (601) prior to the state (602). Within the state (602), the electronic device (101) may display a visual object (623) for displaying a menu containing options related to the file (110).

[0104] As described above, according to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may generate a file (e.g., file (110) of FIG. 1) including information for displaying an image having a grayscale range of SDR and information for displaying the image using a grayscale range of HDR (e.g., map information (152) of FIG. 1). The electronic device (101) may select some of the plurality of images to generate the file. For example, in order to reduce distortion caused by motion of the subject and / or the electronic device (101) that occurs when capturing the images, the electronic device (101) may select some of the plurality of images.

[0105] FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an electronic device (701) within a network environment (700) according to various embodiments. Referring to FIG. 7, in the network environment (700), the electronic device (701) may communicate with the electronic device (702) via a first network (798) (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network), or may communicate with at least one of the electronic device (704) or the server (708) via a second network (799) (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network). In one embodiment, the electronic device (701) may communicate with the electronic device (704) via the server (708). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (701) may include a processor (720), a memory (730), an input module (750), an audio output module (755), a display module (760), an audio module (770), a sensor module (776), an interface (777), a connection terminal (778), a haptic module (779), a camera module (780), a power management module (788), a battery (789), a communication module (790), a subscriber identification module (796), or an antenna module (797). In some embodiments, the electronic device (701) may omit at least one of these components (e.g., the connection terminal (778)), or may have one or more other components added. In some embodiments, some of these components (e.g., the sensor module (776), the camera module (780), or the antenna module (797)) may be integrated into one component (e.g., the display module (760)).

[0106] The processor (720) may, for example, execute software (e.g., a program (740)) to control at least one other component (e.g., a hardware or software component) of the electronic device (701) connected to the processor (720) and perform various data processing or operations. According to one embodiment, as at least a part of the data processing or operations, the processor (720) may store commands or data received from other components (e.g., a sensor module (776) or a communication module (790)) in a volatile memory (732), process the commands or data stored in the volatile memory (732), and store result data in a non-volatile memory (734). According to one embodiment, the processor (720) may include a main processor (721) (e.g., a central processing unit or an application processor) or an auxiliary processor (723) (e.g., a graphics processing unit, a neural processing unit (NPU), an image signal processor, a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor) that can operate independently or together with the main processor (721). For example, when the electronic device (701) includes the main processor (721) and the auxiliary processor (723), the auxiliary processor (723) may be configured to use less power than the main processor (721) or to be specialized for a given function. The auxiliary processor (723) may be implemented separately from the main processor (721) or as a part thereof.

[0107] The auxiliary processor (723) may control at least a portion of functions or states associated with at least one component (e.g., a display module (760), a sensor module (776), or a communication module (790)) of the electronic device (701), for example, on behalf of the main processor (721) while the main processor (721) is in an inactive (e.g., sleep) state, or together with the main processor (721) while the main processor (721) is in an active (e.g., application execution) state. In one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (723) (e.g., an image signal processor or a communication processor) may be implemented as a part of another functionally related component (e.g., a camera module (780) or a communication module (790)). In one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (723) (e.g., a neural network processing unit) may include a hardware structure specialized for processing artificial intelligence models. The artificial intelligence models may be generated through machine learning. This learning can be performed, for example, on the electronic device (701) itself where the artificial intelligence model is executed, or can be performed through a separate server (e.g., server (708)). The learning algorithm can include, for example, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, or reinforcement learning, but is not limited to the examples described above. The artificial intelligence model can include multiple artificial neural network layers.The artificial neural network may be one of a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), a deep belief network (DBN), a bidirectional recurrent deep neural network (BRDNN), a deep Q-network, or a combination of two or more of the above, but is not limited to the examples described above. In addition to, or alternatively to, a hardware structure, an artificial intelligence model may include a software structure.

[0108] The memory (730) can store various data used by at least one component (e.g., the processor (720) or the sensor module (776)) of the electronic device (701). The data can include, for example, software (e.g., the program (740)) and input data or output data for commands related thereto. The memory (730) can include a volatile memory (732) or a non-volatile memory (734).

[0109] The program (740) may be stored as software in the memory (730) and may include, for example, an operating system (742), middleware (744), or an application (746).

[0110] The input module (750) can receive commands or data to be used in a component of the electronic device (701) (e.g., a processor (720)) from an external source (e.g., a user) of the electronic device (701). The input module (750) can include, for example, a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard, a key (e.g., a button), or a digital pen (e.g., a stylus pen).

[0111] The audio output module (755) can output audio signals to the outside of the electronic device (701). The audio output module (755) can include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. The speaker can be used for general purposes, such as multimedia playback or recording playback. The receiver can be used to receive incoming calls. In one embodiment, the receiver can be implemented separately from the speaker or as part of the speaker.

[0112] The display module (760) can visually provide information to an external party (e.g., a user) of the electronic device (701). The display module (760) may include, for example, a display, a holographic device, or a projector and a control circuit for controlling the device. In one embodiment, the display module (760) may include a touch sensor configured to detect a touch, or a pressure sensor configured to measure the intensity of a force generated by the touch.

[0113] The audio module (770) can convert sound into an electrical signal, or vice versa, convert an electrical signal into sound. According to one embodiment, the audio module (770) can acquire sound through the input module (750), output sound through the sound output module (755), or an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (702)) (e.g., speaker or headphone) directly or wirelessly connected to the electronic device (701).

[0114] The sensor module (776) can detect the operating status (e.g., power or temperature) of the electronic device (701) or the external environmental status (e.g., user status) and generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the detected status. According to one embodiment, the sensor module (776) can include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyro sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a grip sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an IR (infrared) sensor, a biometric sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor.

[0115] The interface (777) may support one or more designated protocols that may be used to directly or wirelessly connect the electronic device (701) with an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device (702)). In one embodiment, the interface (777) may include, for example, a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a universal serial bus (USB) interface, an SD card interface, or an audio interface.

[0116] The connection terminal (778) may include a connector through which the electronic device (701) may be physically connected to an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device (702)). In one embodiment, the connection terminal (778) may include, for example, an HDMI connector, a USB connector, an SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector).

[0117] The haptic module (779) can convert electrical signals into mechanical stimuli (e.g., vibration or movement) or electrical stimuli that a user can perceive through tactile or kinesthetic sensations. According to one embodiment, the haptic module (779) can include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electrical stimulation device.

[0118] The camera module (780) can capture still images and videos. According to one embodiment, the camera module (780) may include one or more lenses, image sensors, image signal processors, or flashes.

[0119] The power management module (788) can manage the power supplied to the electronic device (701). According to one embodiment, the power management module (788) can be implemented as, for example, at least a part of a power management integrated circuit (PMIC).

[0120] A battery (789) may power at least one component of the electronic device (701). In one embodiment, the battery (789) may include, for example, a non-rechargeable primary battery, a rechargeable secondary battery, or a fuel cell.

[0121] The communication module (790) may support the establishment of a direct (e.g., wired) communication channel or a wireless communication channel between the electronic device (701) and an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (702), electronic device (704), or server (708)), and the performance of communication through the established communication channel. The communication module (790) may operate independently from the processor (720) (e.g., application processor) and may include one or more communication processors that support direct (e.g., wired) communication or wireless communication. According to one embodiment, the communication module (790) may include a wireless communication module (792) (e.g., a cellular communication module, a short-range wireless communication module, or a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) communication module) or a wired communication module (794) (e.g., a local area network (LAN) communication module, or a power line communication module). Any of these communication modules may communicate with an external electronic device (704) via a first network (798) (e.g., a short-range communication network such as Bluetooth, wireless fidelity (WiFi) direct, or infrared data association (IrDA)) or a second network (799) (e.g., a long-range communication network such as a legacy cellular network, a 5G network, a next-generation communication network, the Internet, or a computer network (e.g., a LAN or WAN)). These various types of communication modules may be integrated into a single component (e.g., a single chip) or implemented as multiple separate components (e.g., multiple chips). The wireless communication module (792) may use subscriber information (e.g., an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI)) stored in the subscriber identification module (796) to verify or authenticate the electronic device (701) within a communication network such as the first network (798) or the second network (799).

[0122] The wireless communication module (792) can support 5G networks and next-generation communication technologies following the 4G network, such as NR access technology (new radio access technology). The NR access technology can support high-speed transmission of high-capacity data (eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband)), minimization of terminal power and connection of multiple terminals (mMTC (massive machine type communications)), or high reliability and low latency communications (URLLC (ultra-reliable and low-latency communications)). The wireless communication module (792) can support, for example, a high-frequency band (e.g., mmWave band) to achieve a high data transmission rate. The wireless communication module (792) may support various technologies for securing performance in a high-frequency band, such as beamforming, massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, analog beam-forming, or large scale antenna. The wireless communication module (792) may support various requirements specified in the electronic device (701), an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device (704)), or a network system (e.g., the second network (799)). According to one embodiment, the wireless communication module (792) can support a peak data rate (e.g., 20 Gbps or more) for eMBB realization, a loss coverage (e.g., 164 dB or less) for mMTC realization, or a U-plane latency (e.g., 0.5 ms or less for downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), or 1 ms or less for round trip) for URLLC realization.

[0123] The antenna module (797) can transmit or receive signals or power to or from an external device (e.g., an external electronic device). In one embodiment, the antenna module (797) may include an antenna including a radiator formed of a conductor or a conductive pattern formed on a substrate (e.g., a PCB). In one embodiment, the antenna module (797) may include a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna). In this case, at least one antenna suitable for a communication method used in a communication network, such as the first network (798) or the second network (799), may be selected from the plurality of antennas, for example, by the communication module (790). A signal or power may be transmitted or received between the communication module (790) and the external electronic device via the at least one selected antenna. In some embodiments, in addition to the radiator, another component (e.g., a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)) may be additionally formed as a part of the antenna module (797).

[0124] According to various embodiments, the antenna module (797) may form a mmWave antenna module. In one embodiment, the mmWave antenna module may include a printed circuit board, an RFIC disposed on or adjacent a first side (e.g., a bottom side) of the printed circuit board and capable of supporting a designated high frequency band (e.g., a mmWave band), and a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna) disposed on or adjacent a second side (e.g., a top side or a side side) of the printed circuit board and capable of transmitting or receiving signals in the designated high frequency band.

[0125] At least some of the above components can be interconnected and exchange signals (e.g., commands or data) with each other via a communication method between peripheral devices (e.g., a bus, GPIO (general purpose input and output), SPI (serial peripheral interface), or MIPI (mobile industry processor interface)).

[0126] According to one embodiment, commands or data may be transmitted or received between the electronic device (701) and an external electronic device (704) via a server (708) connected to a second network (799). Each of the external electronic devices (702 or 704) may be the same or a different type of device as the electronic device (701). According to one embodiment, all or part of the operations executed in the electronic device (701) may be executed in one or more of the external electronic devices (702, 704) or the server (708). For example, when the electronic device (701) is to perform a certain function or service automatically or in response to a request from a user or another device, the electronic device (701) may, instead of or in addition to executing the function or service itself, request one or more external electronic devices to perform the function or at least a part of the service. One or more external electronic devices that receive the request may execute at least a portion of the requested function or service, or an additional function or service related to the request, and transmit the result of the execution to the electronic device (701). The electronic device (701) may process the result as is or additionally and provide it as at least a portion of a response to the request. For this purpose, cloud computing, distributed computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), or client-server computing technology may be used, for example. The electronic device (701) may provide an ultra-low latency service by using distributed computing or mobile edge computing, for example. In one embodiment, the external electronic device (704) may include an Internet of Things (IoT) device. The server (708) may be an intelligent server utilizing machine learning and / or a neural network. According to one embodiment, the external electronic device (704) or the server (708) may be included in the second network (799).The electronic device (701) can be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart home, smart city, smart car, or healthcare) based on 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology.

[0127] FIG. 8 is a block diagram (800) illustrating a camera module (780) according to various embodiments. Referring to FIG. 8, the camera module (780) may include a lens assembly (810), a flash (820), an image sensor (830), an image stabilizer (840), a memory (850) (e.g., a buffer memory), or an image signal processor (860). The lens assembly (810) may collect light emitted from a subject that is a target of image capturing. The lens assembly (810) may include one or more lenses. According to one embodiment, the camera module (780) may include a plurality of lens assemblies (810). In this case, the camera module (780) may form, for example, a dual camera, a 360-degree camera, or a spherical camera. Some of the plurality of lens assemblies (810) may have the same lens properties (e.g., angle of view, focal length, autofocus, f-number, or optical zoom), or at least one lens assembly may have one or more lens properties that are different from the lens properties of the other lens assemblies. A lens assembly (810) may include, for example, a wide-angle lens or a telephoto lens.

[0128] The flash (820) can emit light used to enhance light emitted or reflected from a subject. According to one embodiment, the flash (820) can include one or more light-emitting diodes (e.g., red-green-blue (RGB) LED, white LED, infrared LED, or ultraviolet LED) or a xenon lamp. The image sensor (830) can acquire an image corresponding to the subject by converting light emitted or reflected from the subject and transmitted through the lens assembly (810) into an electrical signal. According to one embodiment, the image sensor (830) can include one image sensor selected from among image sensors having different properties, such as an RGB sensor, a black and white (BW) sensor, an IR sensor, or a UV sensor, a plurality of image sensors having the same property, or a plurality of image sensors having different properties. Each image sensor included in the image sensor (830) may be implemented using, for example, a CCD (charged coupled device) sensor or a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) sensor.

[0129] The image stabilizer (840) can move at least one lens or image sensor (830) included in the lens assembly (810) in a specific direction or control the operating characteristics of the image sensor (830) (e.g., adjusting the read-out timing, etc.) in response to the movement of the camera module (780) or the electronic device (701) including the same. This allows compensating for at least some of the negative effects of the movement on the captured image. In one embodiment, the image stabilizer (840) can detect such movement of the camera module (780) or the electronic device (701) using a gyro sensor (not shown) or an acceleration sensor (not shown) disposed inside or outside the camera module (780). In one embodiment, the image stabilizer (840) can be implemented as, for example, an optical image stabilizer. The memory (850) can temporarily store at least a portion of the image acquired through the image sensor (830) for the next image processing task. For example, when image acquisition is delayed due to the shutter, or when multiple images are acquired at high speed, the acquired original image (e.g., a Bayer-patterned image or a high-resolution image) is stored in the memory (850), and a corresponding copy image (e.g., a low-resolution image) can be previewed through the display module (760). Thereafter, when a specified condition is satisfied (e.g., a user input or a system command), at least a portion of the original image stored in the memory (850) can be acquired and processed, for example, by the image signal processor (860). According to one embodiment, the memory (850) can be configured as at least a portion of the memory (730) or as a separate memory that operates independently therefrom.

[0130] The image signal processor (860) can perform one or more image processing operations on an image acquired through an image sensor (830) or an image stored in a memory (850). The one or more image processing operations may include, for example, depth map generation, 3D modeling, panorama generation, feature point extraction, image synthesis, or image compensation (e.g., noise reduction, resolution adjustment, brightness adjustment, blurring, sharpening, or softening). Additionally or alternatively, the image signal processor (860) may perform control (e.g., exposure time control, read-out timing control, etc.) on at least one of the components included in the camera module (780) (e.g., image sensor (830)). The image processed by the image signal processor (860) may be stored back in the memory (850) for further processing or provided to an external component of the camera module (780) (e.g., memory (730), display module (760), electronic device (702), electronic device (704), or server (708)). In one embodiment, the image signal processor (860) may be configured to perform a control operation on the processor (720). It may be configured as a separate processor that is at least partially composed of, or operates independently of, the processor (720). If the image signal processor (860) is configured as a separate processor from the processor (720), at least one image processed by the image signal processor (860) may be displayed through the display module (760) by the processor (720) as is or after undergoing additional image processing.

[0131] According to one embodiment, the electronic device (701) may include a plurality of camera modules (780), each having different properties or functions. In this case, for example, at least one of the plurality of camera modules (780) may be a wide-angle camera, and at least another may be a telephoto camera. Similarly, at least one of the plurality of camera modules (780) may be a front-facing camera, and at least another may be a rear-facing camera.

[0132] FIG. 9 is a block diagram (900) of a display module (760) according to various embodiments. Referring to FIG. 9, the display module (760) may include a display (910) and a display driver IC (DDI) (930) for controlling the display (910). The DDI (930) may include an interface module (931), a memory (933) (e.g., a buffer memory), an image processing module (935), or a mapping module (937). The DDI (930) may receive image information including, for example, image data or an image control signal corresponding to a command for controlling the image data, from another component of the electronic device (701) through the interface module (931). For example, according to one embodiment, image information may be received from a processor (720) (e.g., a main processor (721) (e.g., an application processor) or an auxiliary processor (723) (e.g., a graphics processing unit) that operates independently of the function of the main processor (721). The DDI (930) may communicate with a touch circuit (950) or a sensor module (776) through the interface module (931). In addition, the DDI (930) may store at least a portion of the received image information in the memory (933), for example, in units of frames. The image processing module (935) may, for example, perform preprocessing or postprocessing (e.g., resolution, brightness, or size adjustment) on at least a portion of the image data based at least on characteristics of the image data or characteristics of the display (910). According to one embodiment, the preprocessing or the postprocessing may be performed based at least on, for example, one or more characteristics of the image data or one or more characteristics of the display (910). Mapping The module (937) can generate a voltage value or current value corresponding to the image data pre-processed or post-processed through the image processing module (935).According to one embodiment, the generation of voltage values ​​or current values ​​may be performed at least in part based on, for example, properties of pixels of the display (910) (e.g., arrangement of pixels (RGB stripe or pentile structure), or size of each sub-pixel). At least some pixels of the display (910) may be driven at least in part based on, for example, the voltage values ​​or current values, so that visual information (e.g., text, images, or icons) corresponding to the image data may be displayed through the display (910).

[0133] According to one embodiment, the display module (760) may further include a touch circuit (950). The touch circuit (950) may include a touch sensor (951) and a touch sensor IC (953) for controlling the same. The touch sensor IC (953) may control the touch sensor (951) to detect, for example, a touch input or a hovering input for a specific location of the display (910). For example, the touch sensor IC (953) may detect a touch input or a hovering input by measuring a change in a signal (e.g., voltage, light quantity, resistance, or charge quantity) for a specific location of the display (910). The touch sensor IC (953) may provide information (e.g., location, area, pressure, or time) regarding the detected touch input or hovering input to the processor (720). According to one embodiment, at least a portion of the touch circuit (950) (e.g., touch sensor IC (953)) may be included as part of the display driver IC (930), or as part of the display (910), or as part of another component (e.g., auxiliary processor (723)) disposed external to the display module (760).

[0134] According to one embodiment, the display module (760) may further include at least one sensor (e.g., a fingerprint sensor, an iris sensor, a pressure sensor, or an illuminance sensor) of the sensor module (776), or a control circuit therefor. In this case, the at least one sensor or the control circuit therefor may be embedded in a part of the display module (760) (e.g., the display (910) or the DDI (930)) or a part of the touch circuit (950). For example, if the sensor module (776) embedded in the display module (760) includes a biometric sensor (e.g., a fingerprint sensor), the biometric sensor may obtain biometric information (e.g., a fingerprint image) associated with a touch input through a part of the display (910). As another example, if the sensor module (776) embedded in the display module (760) includes a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor may obtain pressure information associated with a touch input through a part or the entire area of ​​the display (910). According to one embodiment, the touch sensor (951) or sensor module (776) may be positioned between pixels of a pixel layer of the display (910), or above or below the pixel layer.

[0135] Electronic devices according to the various embodiments disclosed in this document may take various forms. Electronic devices may include, for example, portable communication devices (e.g., smartphones), computer devices, portable multimedia devices, portable medical devices, cameras, wearable devices, or home appliances. Electronic devices according to the embodiments of this document are not limited to the aforementioned devices.

[0136] The various embodiments of this document and the terminology used therein are not intended to limit the technical features described in this document to specific embodiments, but should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, or substitutes of the embodiments. In connection with the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used for similar or related components. The singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of the items, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this document, each of the phrases "A or B", "at least one of A and B", "at least one of A or B", "A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", and "at least one of A, B, or C" can include any one of the items listed together in the corresponding phrase among those phrases, or all possible combinations thereof. Terms such as "first," "second," or "first" or "second" may be used merely to distinguish one component from another, and do not limit the components in any other respect (e.g., importance or order). When a component (e.g., a first component) is referred to as "coupled" or "connected" to another (e.g., a second component), with or without the terms "functionally" or "communicatively," it means that the component can be connected to the other component directly (e.g., wired), wirelessly, or through a third component.

[0137] The term "module" used in various embodiments of this document may include a unit implemented in hardware, and may be used interchangeably with terms such as logic, block, component, or circuit. A module may be an integral component, or a minimum unit or part of such a component that performs one or more functions. For example, according to one embodiment, a module may be implemented in the form of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0138] Various embodiments of the present document may be implemented as software (e.g., a program (740)) including one or more instructions stored in a storage medium (e.g., an internal memory (736) or an external memory (738)) readable by a machine (e.g., an electronic device (701)). For example, a processor (e.g., a processor (720)) of the machine (e.g., an electronic device (701)) may call at least one instruction among the one or more instructions stored from the storage medium and execute it. This enables the machine to operate to perform at least one function according to the at least one called instruction. The one or more instructions may include code generated by a compiler or code executable by an interpreter. The machine-readable storage medium may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium. Here, 'non-transitory' simply means that the storage medium is a tangible device and does not contain signals (e.g., electromagnetic waves), and the term does not distinguish between cases where data is stored semi-permanently or temporarily on the storage medium.

[0139] According to one embodiment, the method according to various embodiments disclosed in the present document may be provided as a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded as a product between a seller and a buyer. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a machine-readable storage medium (e.g., compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)), or may be distributed online (e.g., downloaded or uploaded) via an application store (e.g., Play Store™) or directly between two user devices (e.g., smart phones). In the case of online distribution, at least a portion of the computer program product may be temporarily stored or temporarily generated in a machine-readable storage medium, such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an application store's server, or an intermediary server.

[0140] According to various embodiments, each component (e.g., a module or a program) of the above-described components may include one or more entities, and some of the entities may be separately arranged in other components. According to various embodiments, one or more components or operations of the aforementioned components may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of components (e.g., a module or a program) may be integrated into a single component. In this case, the integrated component may perform one or more functions of each of the plurality of components identically or similarly to those performed by the corresponding component among the plurality of components prior to integration. According to various embodiments, the operations performed by a module, a program, or another component may be executed sequentially, in parallel, iteratively, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order, omitted, or one or more other operations may be added. The electronic device (701) of FIG. 7 may be an example of the electronic device (101) of FIGS. 1 to 6.

[0141] In one embodiment, a method for improving the quality of information used to display an image having an HDR effect may be required. According to an embodiment as described above, an electronic device (e.g., the electronic device 101 of FIG. 1 and / or the electronic device 701 of FIG. 7) may include at least one camera (e.g., at least one camera 225 of FIG. 2), at least one processor including a processing circuit (e.g., the processor 210 of FIG. 2), and a memory including one or more storage media storing instructions (e.g., the memory 215 of FIG. 2). The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to acquire, in response to a photographing input, a plurality of first images (e.g., images 141, 142, 143 of FIG. 1) from the at least one camera, each of the first images including brightness values ​​having a first tonal range. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to determine one of the plurality of first images as a second image (e.g., image (151) of FIG. 1) for generating map information (e.g., map information (152) of FIG. 1) using information related to motion within a time period during which the plurality of first images were captured. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to generate map information using the second image. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to generate a file comprising metadata including the map information and the second image.According to one embodiment, an electronic device can improve the quality of map information used to display an image having an HDR effect.

[0142] For example, the instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to identify the second image for the map information by using the information to discard the remaining images from among the plurality of first images that are different from the image determined to be the second image.

[0143] For example, the number of images used to generate the map information among the plurality of first images may be changed depending on the size of the motion represented by the information.

[0144] For example, the map information may include values ​​for adjusting the brightness values ​​included in the second image for another portion of the second image that is visually emphasized for a portion of the second image through the display device.

[0145] For example, the map information may represent a two-dimensional array including the degrees to which the brightnesses of portions of the second image are enhanced. The width and height of the two-dimensional array may be smaller than the width and height of the second image.

[0146] For example, the instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to determine feature points included in the plurality of first images. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to obtain information about differences between positions between the feature points as the information related to the motion.

[0147] For example, the instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to determine a reference image from among the plurality of first images. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to determine, based on the determined reference image, locations of feature points within the reference image and distances between locations of feature points within the reference image and another image from among the plurality of first images. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to determine, based on whether at least one of the distances exceeds a ratio of sizes of the another image and the map information, whether to use the another image to generate the map information.

[0148] For example, the instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to control the at least one camera to acquire one or more third images including brightness values ​​having the first grayscale range based on whether the number of at least one image determined to generate the map information from among the plurality of first images is less than or equal to a specified number.

[0149] For example, the instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to change at least one of a shutter speed, an international standard organization (ISO) sensitivity, or an exposure value among properties of the at least one camera used to acquire the plurality of first images. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to control the at least one camera having the changed at least one property to acquire the one or more third images.

[0150] As described above, in one embodiment, a method of an electronic device including at least one camera may be provided. The method may include an operation of acquiring, in response to a photographing input, a plurality of first images from the at least one camera, each of the first images including brightness values ​​having a first gradation range. The method may include an operation of determining one of the plurality of first images as a second image for generating map information using information related to motion within a time period during which the plurality of first images were captured. The method may include an operation of generating map information using the second image. The method may include an operation of generating a file including metadata including the map information and the second image.

[0151] For example, the determining operation may include an operation of identifying the second image for the map information by using the information to discard the remaining images that are different from the image determined as the second image among the plurality of first images.

[0152] For example, the number of images used to generate the map information among the plurality of first images may be changed depending on the size of the motion represented by the information.

[0153] For example, the map information may include values ​​for adjusting the brightness values ​​included in the second image for another portion of the second image that is visually emphasized for a portion of the second image through the display device.

[0154] For example, the map information may represent a two-dimensional array including the degrees to which the brightnesses of portions of the second image are enhanced. The width and height of the two-dimensional array may be smaller than the width and height of the second image.

[0155] For example, the determining operation may include an operation of determining feature points included in the plurality of first images. The determining operation may include an operation of obtaining information about differences in positions between the feature points as information related to the motion.

[0156] For example, the determining operation may include an operation of determining a reference image from among the plurality of first images. The determining operation may include an operation of determining, based on the determined reference image, positions of feature points within the reference image and distances between positions of feature points within the reference image and other images among the plurality of first images. The determining operation may include an operation of determining, based on whether at least one of the distances exceeds a ratio of sizes of the other image and the map information, whether to use the other image to generate the map information.

[0157] For example, the method may include an operation of controlling the at least one camera to acquire one or more third images including brightness values ​​having the first grayscale range based on whether the number of at least one image determined to generate the map information among the plurality of first images is less than or equal to a specified number.

[0158] For example, the operation of acquiring the one or more third images may include an operation of changing at least one of shutter speed, ISO sensitivity, or exposure value among the properties of the at least one camera used to acquire the plurality of first images. The operation of acquiring the one or more third images may include an operation of controlling the at least one camera having the changed at least one property to acquire the one or more third images.

[0159] In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions may be provided. The instructions, when executed by at least one processor of an electronic device including at least one camera, may cause the electronic device to, in response to a photographing input, acquire a plurality of first images from the at least one camera, each of the first images including brightness values ​​having a first tonal range. The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to determine one of the plurality of first images as a second image for generating map information using information related to motion within a time period during which the plurality of first images were captured. The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to generate map information using the second image. The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to generate a file including metadata including the map information and the second image.

[0160] According to one embodiment, an electronic device as described above may include a display, at least one processor including a processing circuit, and at least one storage medium, and a memory storing instructions. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to detect an event for displaying a first image having a first grayscale range. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to, in response to the event, obtain map information for another portion of the first image visually emphasized with respect to a portion of the first image from metadata in a file including the first image. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to generate a second image by applying the map information to the first image. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to control the display to operate in a second grayscale range wider than the first grayscale range to provide the second image in response to the event. The instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor, may cause the electronic device to control the display to operate in the second grayscale range to display the second image. The map information may be generated using the first image determined from among the plurality of third images having the first grayscale range based on motion within a time interval during which the plurality of third images were acquired.

[0161] For example, the map information may be generated by the first image, which is determined from among the plurality of third images based on the locations of feature points.

[0162] In one embodiment, as described above, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions may be provided. The instructions, when executed by an electronic device including a display, may cause the electronic device to detect an event for displaying a first image having a first grayscale range. The instructions, when executed by the electronic device, may cause the electronic device to, in response to the event, obtain map information for another portion of the first image visually emphasized with respect to a portion of the first image from metadata in a file including the first image. The instructions, when executed by the electronic device, may cause the electronic device to generate a second image by applying the map information to the first image. The instructions, when executed by the electronic device, may cause the electronic device to control the display to operate in a second grayscale range wider than the first grayscale range to provide the second image in response to the event. The instructions, when executed by the electronic device, may cause the electronic device to control the display to operate in the second grayscale range to display the second image. The map information may be generated using the first image, determined from among the plurality of third images having the first grayscale range, based on motion within a time interval during which the plurality of third images were acquired.

[0163] For example, the map information may be generated by the first image, which is determined from among the plurality of third images based on the locations of feature points.

[0164] The effects that can be obtained from the present disclosure are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects that are not mentioned will be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains.

[0165] As used herein, the term "if" will be understood to mean "when, upon," "in response to determining," or "in response to detecting," depending on the context. Similarly, "if it is determined to," or "if [the stated condition or event] is detected," will optionally be understood to mean "upon determining," or "in response to determining," "upon detecting [the stated condition or event]," or "in response to detecting [the stated condition or event]."

[0166] The devices described above may be implemented as hardware components, software components, and / or a combination of hardware components and software components. For example, the devices and components described in the embodiments may be implemented using one or more general-purpose computers or special-purpose computers, such as a processor, a controller, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), a digital signal processor, a microcomputer, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic unit (PLU), a microprocessor, or any other device capable of executing instructions and responding to them. The processing device may execute an operating system (OS) and one or more software applications running on the operating system. The processing device may also access, store, manipulate, process, and generate data in response to the execution of the software. For ease of understanding, the processing device is sometimes described as being used alone; however, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the processing device may include multiple processing elements and / or multiple types of processing elements. For example, a processing unit may include multiple processors, or a processor and a controller. Other processing configurations, such as parallel processors, are also possible.

[0167] Software may include a computer program, code, instructions, or a combination of one or more of these, which may configure a processing device to perform a desired operation or may independently or collectively command the processing device. The software and / or data may be embodied in any type of machine, component, physical device, computer storage medium, or device for interpretation by the processing device or for providing instructions or data to the processing device. The software may also be distributed over networked computer systems and stored or executed in a distributed manner. The software and data may be stored on one or more computer-readable recording media.

[0168] The method according to the embodiment may be implemented in the form of program commands that can be executed through various computer means and recorded on a computer-readable medium. In this case, the medium may be one that continuously stores a computer-executable program or one that temporarily stores it for execution or download. In addition, the medium may be various recording means or storage means in the form of a single or multiple hardware combinations, and is not limited to a medium directly connected to a computer system, but may also be distributed over a network. Examples of the medium may include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tapes, optical recording media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs, magneto-optical media such as floptical disks, and those configured to store program commands, including ROM, RAM, and flash memory. In addition, examples of other media may include recording media or storage media managed by app stores that distribute applications, sites that supply or distribute various software, servers, etc.

[0169] Although the embodiments described above have been described by way of limited examples and drawings, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations can be made based on the above description. For example, appropriate results can still be achieved even if the described techniques are performed in a different order than described, and / or components of the described systems, structures, devices, circuits, etc. are combined or combined in a different manner than described, or are replaced or substituted with other components or equivalents.

[0170] Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims also fall within the scope of the claims described below.

Claims

1. In an electronic device (101; 701), At least one camera (225); At least one processor (210) comprising a processing circuit; and A memory comprising one or more storage media storing instructions, wherein the instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor (210), In response to a photographing input, a plurality of first images each including brightness values ​​having a first tonal range are acquired from at least one camera (225); Using information related to motion within a time period in which the plurality of first images were captured, determining one of the plurality of first images as a second image for generating map information; Generating map information using the second image; and Causing the electronic device (101; 701) to generate a file including metadata including the map information and the second image; Electronic devices.

2. In claim 1, The above instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor (210), Using the above information, the electronic device (101; 701) causes the second image for the map information to be identified by discarding the remaining images that are different from the image determined as the second image among the plurality of first images. Electronic devices (101; 701).

3. In any one of claims 1 to 2, The above instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor (210), Causing the electronic device (101; 701) to change the number of images used to generate the map information among the plurality of first images according to the size of the motion represented by the information. Electronic devices (101; 701).

4. In any one of claims 1 to 3, The above map information is, through said display device, for adjusting said brightness values ​​included in said second image for another part of said second image visually emphasized with respect to a part of said second image; and / or, A two-dimensional array comprising degrees of enhancing the brightness of different parts of the second image, and The width and height of the above two-dimensional array are smaller than the width and height of the second image. Electronic devices (101; 701).

5. In any one of claims 1 to 4, The above instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor (210), Determining feature points included in the plurality of first images; Causing the electronic device (101; 701) to obtain information about the differences between the positions between the above feature points, as the information related to the motion. Electronic devices (101; 701).

6. In any one of claims 1 to 5, The above instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor (210), determining a reference image from among the plurality of first images; Based on the above determined reference image: Determining the locations of feature points in the reference image, and distances between locations of feature points in the reference image and other images among the plurality of first images; Causing the electronic device (101; 701) to determine whether to use the other image to generate the map information based on whether at least one of the above distances exceeds a ratio of the sizes of the other image and the map information. Electronic devices (101; 701).

7. In any one of claims 1 to 6, The above instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor (210), Causing the electronic device (101; 701) to control the at least one camera (225) to acquire one or more third images including brightness values ​​having the first grayscale range based on whether the number of at least one image determined to generate the map information among the plurality of first images is less than or equal to a specified number. Electronic devices (101; 701).

8. In any one of claims 1 to 7, The above instructions, when individually or collectively executed by the at least one processor (210), Changing at least one of the properties of the at least one camera (225) used to acquire the plurality of first images, namely, shutter speed, ISO (international standard organization) sensitivity, or exposure value; Causing the electronic device (101; 701) to control the at least one camera (225) having the at least one changed property to acquire the one or more third images. Electronic devices (101; 701).

9. A method of an electronic device (101; 701) including at least one camera (225), In response to a photographing input, an operation of acquiring a plurality of first images, each of which includes brightness values ​​having a first tonal range, from at least one camera (225); An operation of determining one of the plurality of first images as a second image for generating map information by using information related to motion within a time period in which the plurality of first images were captured; An operation of generating map information using the second image; and An operation comprising generating a file including metadata including said map information and said second image. method.

10. In claim 9, the determining action is: Using the above information, an operation of identifying the second image for the map information is included by discarding the remaining images that are different from the image determined as the second image among the plurality of first images. method.

11. In any one of claims 9 to 10, The number of images used to generate the map information among the plurality of first images is changed according to the size of the motion represented by the information. method.

12. In any one of claims 9 to 11, The above map information is, Through said display device, for another part of said second image visually emphasized with respect to a part of said second image, values ​​for adjusting said brightness values ​​included in said second image are included. method.

13. In any one of claims 9 to 12, The above map information is, A two-dimensional array, comprising degrees of enhancing the brightness of parts of the second image, The width and height of the above two-dimensional array are smaller than the width and height of the second image. method.

14. In any one of claims 9 to 13, the determining action comprises: An operation of determining feature points included in the plurality of first images; An operation for obtaining information about differences in positions between said feature points as said information related to said motion, method.

15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by at least one processor (210) of an electronic device (101; 701) including at least one camera (225), cause the electronic device to perform any one of the methods of claims 9-14.

Images