Automatic darkening filter for welding protection
The automatic darkening filter addresses parameter inaccuracies by using light sensing and user interaction to adaptively set shading and delay, ensuring safe and comfortable welding protection.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/144103
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-01-09
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing automatic darkening filters for welding protection face issues with inaccurate parameter settings due to varying welding currents, sensor failures, or degradation, leading to inadequate protection and safety hazards.
An automatic darkening filter equipped with light sensing modules to detect welding arc and visible light intensity, a human-machine interaction module for user input, and a control module to adaptively set shading degree and delay based on real-time sensor data and user preferences, ensuring safe and comfortable operation.
The filter provides adaptive light shielding that adjusts to welding conditions and user preferences, reducing safety risks and enhancing operational convenience and safety.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024144103_17072025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
AUTOMATIC DARKENING FILTER FOR WELDING PROTECTIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application generally relates to protective equipment for a welding operation, and more specifically to an automatic darkening filter (ADF) used in the welding operation for protection of the eyes of the welding worker.BACKGROUND
[0002] High-intensity light generated during welding and gas-cutting operations can seriously damage visual function of a human body. Therefore, it is required that protective equipment be worn during such operations to protect human eyes from damage by the strong light. An automatic darkening filter can automatically respond to changes in the light intensity and change between a bright transmissive state and a dark shading state, so as to adjust the light flux incident on the human eyes through the automatic darkening filter, and meanwhile allow the operator to observe details of the operation being undertaken through the automatic darkening filter. Due to its convenience and flexibility, the automatic darkening filter is becoming increasingly popular.
[0003] In the process of the welding operation, both the acrlight generated during the welding stage and the radiated light generated from the high-temperature molten bath formed by the welding in the after-welding stage can have a harmful light intensity to the human eye. Therefore, it is necessary that a shading degree (sometimes also referred to as "shade number" ) to apply in the welding stage and a shading delay (sometimes also referred to as "delay" for short) to apply in the after-welding stage be accurately set for the automatic darkening filter, so that proper protection can be achieved with the automatic darkening filter.
[0004] Traditionally, the shading degree to apply by the automatic darkening filter in the welding stage and the shading delay to apply by the automatic darkening filter in the after-welding stage are manually set. In general, the shading degree and the shading delay are determined by the operator based on the intensity of the welding current expected to implement in the welding stage. Nevertheless, in some cases, the intensity of the welding current may vary during the operation, rendering the shading degree and the shading delay set in line with the expected welding current unsuitable for the actual operating conditions. Among others, effective protection may not be achieved with the automatic darkening filter at the shading degree manually set, if the actual welding current turns out to be higher than the expected welding current.
[0005] In recent years, there is a new approach for setting the parameters for the automatic darkening filter in the field, which is to use the visible-light sensor equipped with the filter to detect the visible-light intensity of the welding operation area and to adjust the shading degree for the automatic darkening filter based on the visible-light intensity detected. The approach eliminates the need for manual setting, but there remain some issues with such an approach. As an example, in the case that the visible-light sensor fails, becomes obstructed, or experiences degradation in measurement accuracy due to contamination, the shading degree set with the approach would be much lower than the necessary shading degree required for the effective protection, while it is impossible to enforce a manual modification to the shading degree, thereby resulting in malfunction of the automatic darkening filter and significant safety hazards.
[0006] Therefore, it is desirable to provide an improved method for setting operation parameters for an automatic darkening filter, which enables the automatic darkening filter to operate more safely, reliably, comfortably and flexibly. OVERVIEW OF DISCLOSURE
[0007] The present application is aimed to address one or more of the problems found in the prior art as described above.
[0008] According to an aspect of the present application, an automatic darkening filter for welding protection, comprising a light sensing module comprising a first sensor configured to detect presence of acrlight arising from welding and a second sensor configured to detect a visible-light intensity in an operation area of the welding; a human-machine interaction module configured to receive user settings for one or more operating parameters of the automatic darkening filter; a control module electrically connected to the light sensing module and the human-machine interaction module, the control module being configured to determine, based on a detection signal received from the first sensor that indicates the presence or absence of the acrlight, a stage that the welding is undergoing, being configured to determine, based on a detection signal of the visible-light intensity received from the second sensor and the user settings received from the human-machine interaction module, a value to assign to the respective one of the operating parameters that corresponds to the stage, and being configured to modulate, based on the value, a control signal to be output to a dimming protection module; and the dimming protection module which is electrically connected to the control module and configured to implement light shielding in correspondence to the value.
[0009] Optionally, the one or more operating parameters comprise a shading degree to apply by the automatic darkening filter in the stage with presence of the acrlight.
[0010] Optionally, the control module is configured to determine a value to assign to the shading degree based on the maximum value of the following two: a desired shading-degree value calculated from the visible-light intensity detected by the second sensor, and the respective user setting for the shading degree.
[0011] Optionally, the control module is configured to utilize a predetermined default value as the respective user setting when it fails to receive the respective user setting from the human-machine interaction module.
[0012] Optionally, the control module is configured to determine the value to assign to the shading degree based on the sum of the maximum value and a preference shading offset predetermined.
[0013] Optionally, the preference shading offset is updated using a difference between a preference value for the shading degree obtained during a preference calibration process and a theoretical value for the shading degree.
[0014] Optionally, the one or more operating parameters comprise a shading delay to apply by the automatic darkening filter after the welding acrlight goes out.
[0015] Optionally, the control module is configured to initially assign to the shading delay the respective user setting for the shading delay, and then determine, based on the detection signal of the visible-light intensity received from the second sensor and before the initially assigned shading delay ends, whether to extend the shading delay.
[0016] Optionally, the control module is configured such that, before the initially assigned shading delay ends, if the desired shading-degree value calculated from the visible-light intensity detected by the second sensor is greater than a predefined shading-degree threshold, then the shading delay is determined to be extended.
[0017] Optionally, a time period the shading delay is to extend is determined based on a difference between the desired shading-degree value and the predefined shading-degree threshold.
[0018] The automatic darkening filter according to the principles of the present disclosure enables adaptive setting of the operation parameters in the entire process of the welding operation, alleviates the need for precise setting of the parameters by the operator, and meanwhile significantly reduces the risk of safety accidents arising from damage to the sensor, thereby leading the operation and use of the automatic darkening filter to be safer, more convenient, and more comfortable.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] The preferred embodiments of the automatic darkening filter according to the principles of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the following description and the illustrations of the accompanying drawings are provided for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present disclosure merely, and are not intended to be limiting. To avoid a lengthy description and cluttered illustrations, some features and details known to a skilled person have been omitted. However, it is to be understood that implementations including those known features and details are also encompassed within the scope of the present disclosure.
[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural block diagram of an automatic darkening filter according to the principles of the present disclosure.
[0021] Figure 2 shows the characteristic curve of an example photoelectric sensor that can be used in the automatic darkening filter of Figure 1 for detection of the welding acrlight.
[0022] Figure 3 shows the characteristic curve of an example photoelectric sensor that can be used in the automatic darkening filter of Figure 1 for detection of the visible-light intensity.
[0023] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating a control method for operation of the automatic darkening filter according to the principles of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The present application relates mainly to an automatic darkening filter which is used as protective equipment in a welding operation to provide variable light shielding for the wearer's eyes.
[0025] Figure 1 illustrates the basic architecture of an automatic darkening filter 1 according to the principles of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the automatic darkening filter 1 includes a light sensing module 10, a human-machine interaction module 20, a control module 30, and a dimming protection module 40.
[0026] The light sensing module 10 is configured to monitor optical changes in the light of the welding operation area, and to convert the detected optical signals into electrical signals, which are then sent to the control module 30 connected with the light sensing module for subsequent analysis and processing. In the example of Figure 1, the light sensing module 10 includes a first sensor 12 for detecting presence of welding acrlight and a second sensor 14 for detecting the visible-light intensity.
[0027] The acrlight generated from welding is generally composed of infrared light, near-infrared light, and visible light. Accordingly, the first sensor 12 configured to detect the welding acrlight may have a detection wavelength range covering both the visible and the infrared light bands. Figure 2 illustrates an example characteristic curve for the first sensor 12, where the horizontal axis is representative of the incident light wavelength λ, and the vertical axis is representative of the sensing sensitivity Sreal. The example sensor as shown by Figure 2 can effectively detect incident light that has a wavelength within a range from about 450nm to about 1100nm. In other words, there will be no operating signal output with respect to the light of a wavelength outside the detection range. In addition, as shown in Figure 2, there is a maximum sensitivity at the wavelength of about 925nm. In other embodiments, a photoelectric sensor with other characteristic curve (s) may be employed as the first sensor. Preferably, the maximum-sensitivity wavelength of the first sensor falls within the infrared band.
[0028] Similarly, the second sensor 14 configured for detecting the visible-light intensity may have a detection wavelength range covering the visible-light band. Figure 3 illustrates an example characteristic curve of the second sensor 14. The wavelength with the maximum sensitivity for the sensor is around 630nm, and as the wavelength goes beyond the maximum-sensitivity wavelength, as shown in Figure 3, the sensitivity of the sensor decreases rapidly, resulting in a sensitivity of less than 10%for the light at a wavelength greater than 700nm. However, a photoelectric sensor with other characteristic curve (s) may also be employed as the second sensor. Preferably, the maximum-sensitivity wavelength for the second sensor ranges from 550nm to 650nm.
[0029] The human-machine interaction module 20 is configured for use by a user (i.e. a wearer, sometimes also referred to as "operator" ) to provide user settings for the one or more operating parameters of the automatic darkening filter 1. The operating parameters for the automatic darkening filter 1 comprise at least the shading degree to apply in the welding stage with presence of the acrlight, the shading delay to apply in the after-welding stage when the acrlight goes out, and the fine adjustment offset for the shading degree. The human-machine interaction module 20 is preferably further configured to provide feedback to the user as to the present settings for the operating parameter and the present operating status of the automatic darkening filter, so that the user is allowed to make assured that the automatic darkening filter has received the settings provided and is presently working properly. Accordingly, the human-machine interaction module 20 may comprise means for use by the user to enter commands, such as a mechanical button, a key, a knob, a touch screen, a microphone, etc., and also means to provide feedback information to the user, such as an indicator light, a display, a speaker, an alarm, a buzzer, etc. . The user may interact with the automatic darkening filter correspondingly, based on the specific human-machine interaction mode provided by the user manipulation module 20. For example, in the case where one or more buttons are included in the human-machine interaction module 20, a desired option may be selected by the user by multiple ways including but not limited to multiple long presses of a multiplex button, or multiple short presses of a dedicated button; in the case where a knob is included in the human-machine interaction module 20, it is possible that a direction for an adjustment is indicated by the user through the direction in which the knob is being rotated, and meanwhile the desired amount for the adjustment is indicated through the amount by which the knob is being rotated. Optionally, the user settings for the operating parameters may be received by the human-machine interaction module 20 from an external device separate from the automatic darkening filter 1.
[0030] The control module 30 is electrically connected to the light sensing module 10 and the human-machine interaction module 20. The control module is configured to determine, based on a detection signal of the welding acrlight received from the first sensor 12, a stage that the welding operation is undergoing, and to determine, based on the detection signal of the visible-light intensity received from the second sensor 14 and the user settings received from the human-machine interaction module 20, a value to assign to the respective one of the operating parameters that corresponds to the stage. The control module 30 may be implemented as a micro control unit, and may include a memory and a processor. The memory may store default values (sometimes also referred to as "factory settings" ) for the operating parameters, and preprogrammed instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the automatic darkening filter to implement the operation control method as described below with reference to Figure 4. After determining the value to assign to the respective one of the operating parameters, the control module 30 may modulate, based on the value assigned, a control signal to output to the dimming protection module 40, to cause the dimming protection module to provide light shielding in correspondence to the value assigned.
[0031] In the example of Figure 1, the dimming protection module 40 comprises a dimming driving circuit 42 electrically connected to the control module 30 and a shading film 44 electrically connected to the dimming driving circuit 42 to have its light transmission state changed in response to excitations from the dimming driving circuit 42. The shading film 44 may have a plurality of shading states with different shade numbers, where the shading state of the shading film is dependent on the level of the excitations applied by the dimming driving circuit 42. The dimming driving circuit 42 is configured to modify the level of the excitations applied to the shading film, based on the control signal from the control module 30, to render the shade number of the shading film to correspond to the value assigned by the control module 30 to the shading degree. Additionally, the dimming driving circuit 42 may be configured to stop applying excitations to the shading film 44, based on the control signal from the control module 30, so as to allow the wearer to obtain a bright field of view timely when the light intensity decreases to a level acceptable to the human eye, so that details of the welding may be inspected.
[0032] Figure 4 illustrates in a block diagram an adaptive control method 100 for operation of the automatic darkening filter 1, which can be implemented by the control module 30.
[0033] In the block 110, in response to receiving, from the human-machine interaction module, a user command to activate an adaptive operation mode for the automatic darkening filter, a control signal is sent by the control module to the human-machine interaction module to cause the human-machine interaction module to convey to the user a request to set a safety shading degree, SHADE_min, and an initial shading delay, delay_manual.
[0034] In the block 120, the user's settings for the safety shading degree SHADE_min and the initial shading delay delay_manual are received and stored, and in case that no user input is received, then the default values for the safety shading degree SHADE_min and the initial shading delay delay_manual will be used as the respective user settings.
[0035] In the optional block 130, in response to receiving, from the human-machine interaction module, a selection from the user as to enter the personal preference calibration process, a control signal is sent by the control module to the dimming protection module to cause the dimming protection module to implement the light shielding at a theoretical shading degree in line with the visible-light intensity sensed by the second sensor, at the time when the welding acrlight is detected by the first sensor.
[0036] In the optional block 140, in response to an adjustment offset received via the human-machine interaction module from the user with respect to the shading degree, a control signal is sent by the control module to the dimming protection module to cause the dimming protection module to implement a change in the light shielding that corresponds to the adjustment offset. The process is repeated until it is confirmed by the user that the present shading degree is compliant with his / her personal preference.
[0037] In the optional block 150, a difference between the shading degree preferred by the user and the theoretical shading degree is calculated, and a preference shading offset, Delt_Shade, stored in the memory is accordingly updated with the difference. Meanwhile, a control signal is sent to the human-machine interaction module to cause the human-machine interaction module to convey to the user a message that the calibration of the preference shading degree has been completed and it is going to quit the personal preference calibration process.
[0038] In the block 160, after the welding operation starts, in response to the detection signal received from the first sensor indicating that there is acrlight arising from the welding, a shading-degree value to apply instantly is determined by the control module based on the real-time detection signal of the visible-light intensity received from the second sensor and the user settings stored, and a control signal is modulated by the control module based on the shading-degree value to be output to the dimming protection module.
[0039] Specifically, based on the present ambient light intensity, visable_light, detected by the second sensor, where the welding acrlight is also considered in the ambient light, the desired shading degree, SHADE_vislight, specific to the visible-light intensity presently measured is calculated by the control module, namely SHADE_vislight = f (visable_light) , where the function f which relates the desired shading degree SHADE_vislight to the detected light intensity visable_light may be determined in accordance with the industry safety regulations.
[0040] The desired shading degree SHADE_vislight is compared with the safety shading degree SHADE_min set by the user to obtain the maximum, SHADE_sec, of the two, namely SHADE_sec = MAX (SHADE_vislight, SHADE_min) . As such, only when the desired shading degree calculated from the real-time visible-light intensity measured by the second sensor is greater than the safety shading degree set preliminarily by the user, the assignment to the shading degree as determined by the control module is dependent on the real-time detection signal from the second sensor. This effectively prevents safety accidents caused by an unexpected failure of the second sensor.
[0041] In addition, considering the user's personal preferences, the value finally assigned to the shading degree, SHADE_last, is calculated by the control module based on the preference shading offset Delt_Shade stored preliminary, namely SHADE_last = SHADE_sec + Delt_Shade. When the automatic darkening filter leaves the factory, the preference shading offset may have a default value of 0, and after calibration, the default value may be overwritten by the calibrated value. The preference shading offset may be continually updated through the personal preference calibration process, so as to meet the user’s personalized needs in different scenarios.
[0042] Subsequently, in the block 170, in response to the detection signal from the first sensor indicating that the welding acrlight goes out, a value to assign to the shading delay is determined by the control module based on the detection signal of the visible-light intensity received from the second sensor and the user settings stored, and based on the value determined, a control signal is modulated by the control module to be output to the dimming protection module.
[0043] Specifically, when the detection signal from the first sensor indicates that the welding acrlight goes out, for example, when the first sensor fails to detect an operating signal, the automatic darkening filter will then enter a protective shading-control process specific to the high-temperature molten bath radiation. Correspondingly, during the shading delay period, control signals will be sent from the control module to the dimming protection module to cause the dimming protection module to continue to provide protective light shielding over the shading delay period.
[0044] The shading delay lasts at least the initial shading delay set by the user, namely delay_manual. Before the initial shading delay, delay_manual, ends, based on the present ambient light intensity, visable_light, detected by the second sensor, the desired shading degree SHADE_vislight for the visible-light intensity presently measured is calculated by the control module, namely SHADE_vislight = f (visable_light) , and the shading degree SHADE_vislight thus calculated is then compared with a shading-degree value SHADE_eye which complies with a safe light intensity acceptable to the human eye as precalculated.
[0045] When it is determined that the present desired shading-degree value is greater than the value of the shading degree that complies with the safe light intensity (i.e. SHADE_vislight > SHADE_eye) , it is determined by the control module that the duration for the protective light shielding should be extended based on the initial shading delay, delay_manual, and meanwhile the shading delay to implement finally, delay_last, is calculated by the control module based on a difference between the present desired shading-degree value and the shading-degree value compliant with the safe light intensity, namely delay_last = delay_manual + T (SHADE_vislight -SHADE_eye) .
[0046] In the block 180, in response to the detection that the shading delay to implement finally, delay_last, has elapsed since the welding acrlight goes out, a control signal is sent from the control module to the dimming protection module to cause the dimming driving circuit of the dimming protection module to stop applying excitations to the shading film, so as to restore the shading film to a bright and transparent state.
[0047] Therefore, the automatic darkening filter according to the present disclosure is able to adaptively adjust the light shielding protection based on the welding current and the resulting molten bath radiation conditions at different stages of the welding operation, without comprising either the safety or the personal preferences.
[0048] As such, the automatic darkening filter according to the principles of the present application has been described and illustrated in conjunction with the preferred embodiments the inventor knows. However, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein. On the contrary, various modifications, substitutions, and / or variations may be made to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, by those skilled in the art and without departing from the spirit and principles of the disclosure. Besides, it is also anticipated by the inventor that the disclosure be implemented differently from what is described herein.
Claims
1.An automatic darkening filter for welding protection, comprising:a light sensing module comprising a first sensor configured to detect presence of acrlight arising from welding and a second sensor configured to detect a visible-light intensity in an operation area of the welding;a human-machine interaction module configured to receive user settings for one or more operating parameters of the automatic darkening filter;a control module electrically connected to the light sensing module and the human-machine interaction module, the control module being configured to:determine, based on a detection signal received from the first sensor that indicates the presence or absence of the acrlight, a stage that the welding is undergoing,determine, based on a detection signal of the visible-light intensity received from the second sensor and the user settings received from the human-machine interaction module, a value to assign to the respective one of the operating parameters that corresponds to the stage, andmodulate, based on the value, a control signal to be output to a dimming protection module; andthe dimming protection module which is electrically connected to the control module and configured to implement light shielding in correspondence to the value.2.The automatic darkening filter for welding protection according to claim 1, wherein the one or more operating parameters comprise a shading degree to apply by the automatic darkening filter in the stage with presence of the acrlight.3.The automatic darkening filter for welding protection according to claim 2, wherein the control module is configured to determine a value to assign to the shading degree based on the maximum value of the following two: a desired shading-degree value calculated from the visible-light intensity detected by the second sensor, and the respective user setting for the shading degree.4.The automatic darkening filter for welding protection according to claim 3, wherein the control module is configured to utilize a predetermined default value as the respective user setting when it fails to receive the respective user setting from the human-machine interaction module.5.The automatic darkening filter for welding protection according to claim 4, wherein the control module is configured to determine the value to assign to the shading degree based on the sum of the maximum value and a preference shading offset predetermined.6.The automatic darkening filter for welding protection according to claim 5, wherein the preference shading offset is updated using a difference between a preference value for the shading degree obtained during a preference calibration process and a theoretical value for the shading degree.7.The automatic darkening filter for welding protection according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the one or more operating parameters comprise a shading delay to apply by the automatic darkening filter after the welding acrlight goes out.8.The automatic darkening filter for welding protection according to claim 7, wherein the control module is configured to initially assign to the shading delay the respective user setting for the shading delay, and then determine, based on the detection signal of the visible-light intensity received from the second sensor and before the initially assigned shading delay ends, whether to extend the shading delay.9.The automatic darkening filter for welding protection according to claim 8, wherein the control module is configured such that, before the initially assigned shading delay ends, if the desired shading-degree value calculated from the visible-light intensity detected by the second sensor is greater than a predefined shading-degree threshold, then the shading delay is determined to be extended.10.The automatic darkening filter for welding protection according to claim 9, wherein a time period the shading delay is to extend is determined based on a difference between the desired shading-degree value and the predefined shading-degree threshold.
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