Method and apparatus for relay operation in wireless LAN system

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and apparatus for a relay operation in a wireless LAN system. The method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise the steps of: receiving, by a first STA, a plurality of frames from a plurality of STAs; transmitting, by the first STA, one combined frame generated on the basis of the plurality of frames to an AP; and receiving, by the first STA, a first response frame from the AP in response to the combined frame. At least one data unit among data units corresponding to the plurality of frames in the combined frame can be configured as another TA.

Description

Method and device for relay operation in a wireless LAN system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method and device for relay operation in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system.

[0002] New technologies have been introduced for wireless local area networks (WLANs) to improve transmission rates, increase bandwidth, enhance reliability, reduce errors, and reduce latency. Among WLAN technologies, the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 series of standards can be referred to as Wi-Fi. For example, recently introduced technologies for WLANs include enhancements for Very High Throughput (VHT) in the 802.11ac standard and enhancements for High Efficiency (HE) in the IEEE 802.11ax standard.

[0003] To provide a more advanced wireless communication environment, improved technologies for Extremely High Throughput (EHT) are being discussed. For example, technologies for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), which supports increased bandwidth, efficient utilization of multiple bands, and increased spatial streams, and for coordination of multiple access points (APs), are being studied. In particular, various technologies are being studied to support low latency or real-time traffic. Furthermore, new technologies are being discussed to support ultra-high reliability (UHR), including improvements or extensions of EHT technology.

[0004] The technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and device for setting a transmission time for receiving data / signals from multiple STAs for relay operation.

[0005] In addition, the technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and device for transmitting data / signals from multiple STAs for relay operation as a single combined frame.

[0006] The technical problems to be achieved in the present disclosure are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present disclosure belongs from the description below.

[0007] A method according to one aspect of the present disclosure may include: receiving, by a first station (STA), a plurality of frames from a plurality of STAs; transmitting, by the first STA, a combined frame generated based on the plurality of frames to an access point (AP); and receiving, by the first STA, a first response frame from the AP in response to the combined frame. At least one data unit among data units corresponding to the plurality of frames in the combined frame may be set to a different transmitting address (TA).

[0008] A method according to an additional aspect of the present disclosure may include: receiving a combined frame from a first station (STA), wherein the combined frame is generated based on a plurality of frames received from a plurality of STAs; and transmitting, by the AP, a first response frame to the first STA in response to the combined frame. At least one data unit among the data units corresponding to the plurality of frames in the combined frame may be set to a different transmitting address (TA).

[0009] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to protect signals / data transmitted and received through relay transmission, and reduce interference during relay communication from an AP to a hidden STA.

[0010] Additionally, signal transmission delay can be reduced by combining frames for multiple STAs and transmitting them as a single frame.

[0011] In addition, according to the present disclosure, wireless communication efficiency can be improved as the coverage of the AP is expanded through relay operation.

[0012] The effects that can be obtained from the present disclosure are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects that are not mentioned will be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains from the description below.

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and are part of the detailed description to aid in understanding the present disclosure, provide embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the detailed description, describe the technical features of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an exemplary structure of a wireless LAN system to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0016] FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a link setup process to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0017] FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a backoff process to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0018] FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a CSMA / CA-based frame transmission operation to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0019] FIG. 6 is a drawing for explaining an example of a frame structure used in a wireless LAN system to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0020] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating examples of PPDUs defined in the IEEE 802.11 standard to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0021] FIG. 8 is a drawing showing an exemplary format of a trigger frame to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0022] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating range expansion using a relay in a wireless LAN system to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0023] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an uplink merged transmission method through relay operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an uplink merged transmission method through relay operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a merged A-MPDU frame format according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a merged A-MPDU frame format according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an A-MPDU frame format according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 15 illustrates the operation of a first station for a method for relay operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG. 16 illustrates the operation of an access point for a method for relay operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description set forth below, together with the accompanying drawings, is intended to explain exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and is not intended to represent the only embodiments in which the present disclosure may be practiced. The following detailed description includes specific details to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details.

[0031] In some cases, to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure, known structures and devices may be omitted or illustrated in block diagram form focusing on the core functions of each structure and device.

[0032] In the present disclosure, when a component is said to be "connected," "coupled," or "connected" to another component, this may include not only a direct connection but also an indirect connection in which another component exists between them. Furthermore, the terms "comprises" or "has" in the present disclosure specify the presence of the mentioned features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0033] In this disclosure, terms such as "first," "second," etc. are used only to distinguish one component from another, are not used to limit the components, and do not limit the order or importance of components unless specifically stated otherwise. Accordingly, within the scope of this disclosure, a first component in one embodiment may be referred to as a second component in another embodiment, and similarly, a second component in one embodiment may be referred to as a first component in another embodiment.

[0034] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims. As used in the description of the embodiments and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The term "and / or" as used herein may refer to any one of the associated enumerated items, or is meant to refer to and encompass any and all possible combinations of two or more of them. Furthermore, the use of " / " between words in this disclosure has the same meaning as "and / or" unless otherwise stated.

[0035] The examples of the present disclosure can be applied to various wireless communication systems. For example, the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a wireless LAN system. For example, the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a wireless LAN based on the IEEE 802.11a / g / n / ac / ax / be standards. Furthermore, the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a wireless LAN based on the newly proposed IEEE 802.11bn (or UHR) standard. Additionally, the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a wireless LAN based on the next-generation standard after IEEE 802.11bn. Furthermore, the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a cellular wireless communication system. For example, the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a cellular wireless communication system based on the LTE (Long Term Evolution) series of technologies and the 5G NR (New Radio) series of technologies of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard.

[0036] Below, technical features to which examples of the present disclosure can be applied are described.

[0037] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] The first device (100) and the second device (200) illustrated in FIG. 1 may be replaced with various terms such as a terminal, a wireless device, a WTRU (Wireless Transmit Receive Unit), a UE (User Equipment), an MS (Mobile Station), a UT (user terminal), an MSS (Mobile Subscriber Station), an MSS (Mobile Subscriber Unit), an SS (Subscriber Station), an AMS (Advanced Mobile Station), a WT (Wireless terminal), or simply a user. In addition, the first device (100) and the second device (200) may be replaced with various terms such as an access point (AP), a BS (Base Station), a fixed station, a Node B, a BTS (Base Transceiver System), a network, an AI (Artificial Intelligence) system, an RSU (road side unit), a repeater, a router, a relay, a gateway, etc.

[0039] The devices (100, 200) illustrated in FIG. 1 may also be referred to as stations (STAs). For example, the devices (100, 200) illustrated in FIG. 1 may be referred to by various terms such as transmitting device, receiving device, transmitting STA, and receiving STA. For example, the STAs (110, 200) may perform an AP (access point) role or a non-AP role. That is, in the present disclosure, the STAs (110, 200) may perform the functions of an AP and / or a non-AP. When the STAs (110, 200) perform an AP function, they may simply be referred to as APs, and when the STAs (110, 200) perform a non-AP function, they may simply be referred to as STAs. In addition, in the present disclosure, the APs may also be referred to as AP STAs.

[0040] Referring to FIG. 1, the first device (100) and the second device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless LAN technologies (e.g., IEEE 802.11 series). The first device (100) and the second device (200) can include interfaces for a medium access control (MAC) layer and a physical layer (PHY) that follow the provisions of the IEEE 802.11 standard.

[0041] In addition, the first device (100) and the second device (200) may additionally support various communication standards (e.g., 3GPP LTE series, 5G NR series standards, etc.) other than wireless LAN technology. In addition, the device of the present disclosure may be implemented as various devices such as a mobile phone, a vehicle, a personal computer, an AR (Augmented Reality) device, a VR (Virtual Reality) device, etc. In addition, the STA of the present specification may support various communication services such as voice calls, video calls, data communications, autonomous driving, MTC (Machine-Type Communication), M2M (Machine-to-Machine), D2D (Device-to-Device), and IoT (Internet-of-Things).

[0042] A first device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). In addition, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless LAN technology (e.g., IEEE 802.11 series). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0043] The second device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless LAN technology (e.g., IEEE 802.11 series). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0044] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed in the present disclosure, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure.

[0045] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and driven by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0046] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0047] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of the present disclosure, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of the present disclosure, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In the present disclosure, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0048] For example, one of the STAs (100, 200) may perform the intended operation of an AP, and the other of the STAs (100, 200) may perform the intended operation of a non-AP STA. For example, the transceivers (106, 206) of FIG. 1 may perform transmission and reception operations of signals (e.g., packets or PPDUs (Physical layer Protocol Data Units) according to IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be / bn, etc.). In addition, in the present disclosure, operations in which various STAs generate transmission and reception signals or perform data processing or calculations in advance for transmission and reception signals may be performed in the processors (102, 202) of FIG. 1. For example, an example of an operation for generating a transmission / reception signal or performing data processing or operation in advance for a transmission / reception signal may include 1) an operation for determining / obtaining / configuring / computing / decoding / encoding bit information of a field (SIG (signal), STF (short training field), LTF (long training field), Data, etc.) included in a PPDU, 2) an operation for determining / configuring / obtaining time resources or frequency resources (e.g., subcarrier resources) used for a field (SIG, STF, LTF, Data, etc.) included in a PPDU, 3) an operation for determining / configuring / obtaining a specific sequence (e.g., a pilot sequence, an STF / LTF sequence, an extra sequence applied to SIG) used for a field (SIG, STF, LTF, Data, etc.) included in a PPDU, 4) a power control operation and / or a power saving operation applied to an STA, 5) an operation related to determining / obtaining / configuring / computing / decoding / encoding an ACK signal, etc. Additionally, in the examples below, various information (e.g., information related to fields / subfields / control fields / parameters / power, etc.) used by various STAs for determining / acquiring / configuring / computing / decoding / encoding transmission / reception signals can be stored in the memory (104, 204) of FIG. 1.

[0049] Hereinafter, downlink (DL) refers to a link for communication from an AP STA to a non-AP STA, and downlink PPDUs / packets / signals, etc. can be transmitted and received through the downlink. In downlink communication, the transmitter may be part of an AP STA, and the receiver may be part of a non-AP STA. Uplink (UL) refers to a link for communication from a non-AP STA to an AP STA, and uplink PPDUs / packets / signals, etc. can be transmitted and received through the uplink. In uplink communication, the transmitter may be part of a non-AP STA, and the receiver may be part of an AP STA.

[0050] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an exemplary structure of a wireless LAN system to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0051] The structure of a wireless LAN system can be composed of multiple components. Through the interaction of multiple components, a wireless LAN that supports transparent STA mobility to the upper layer can be provided. A Basic Service Set (BSS) corresponds to a basic building block of a wireless LAN. FIG. 2 illustrates, by way of example, the existence of two BSSs (BSS1 and BSS2) and the inclusion of two STAs as members of each BSS (STA1 and STA2 are included in BSS1, and STA3 and STA4 are included in BSS2). The oval representing a BSS in FIG. 2 can also be understood as representing a coverage area in which STAs included in the corresponding BSS maintain communication. This area can be referred to as a Basic Service Area (BSA). When an STA moves outside of a BSA, it cannot directly communicate with other STAs within the BSA.

[0052] If we do not consider the DS illustrated in Figure 2, the most basic type of BSS in a wireless LAN is an Independent BSS (IBSS). For example, an IBSS can have a minimal form consisting of only two STAs. For example, assuming other components are omitted, BSS1 consisting of only STA1 and STA2, or BSS2 consisting of only STA3 and STA4, can be representative examples of an IBSS, respectively. Such a configuration is possible when the STAs can communicate directly without an AP. Furthermore, in this type of WLAN, a LAN can be configured when needed rather than being planned in advance, and this can be called an ad-hoc network. Since an IBSS does not include an AP, there is no centralized management entity. That is, in an IBSS, STAs are managed in a distributed manner. In IBSS, all STAs can be mobile STAs, and access to distributed systems (DS) is not permitted, forming a self-contained network.

[0053] An STA's membership in a BSS can dynamically change, for example, when an STA is turned on or off, or when an STA enters or leaves a BSS area. To become a member of a BSS, an STA can join the BSS using a synchronization process. To access all services in the BSS infrastructure, an STA must be associated with the BSS. This association can be dynamically established and may involve the use of a Distribution System Service (DSS).

[0054] In a wireless LAN, the direct STA-to-STA distance can be limited by PHY performance. While this distance limit may be sufficient in some cases, communication between STAs over longer distances may be required in other cases. To support extended coverage, a distributed system (DS) can be configured.

[0055] DS refers to a structure in which BSSs are interconnected. Specifically, a BSS may exist as an extended component of a network composed of multiple BSSs, as illustrated in Figure 2. DS is a logical concept and can be specified by the characteristics of a distributed system medium (DSM). In this regard, the Wireless Medium (WM) and DSM can be logically distinguished. Each logical medium is used for a different purpose and by different components. These media are neither limited to being identical nor limited to being different. This logical difference between multiple media explains the flexibility of the WLAN architecture (DS architecture or other network architectures). In other words, the WLAN architecture can be implemented in various ways, and the physical characteristics of each implementation can independently specify the WLAN architecture.

[0056] A DS can support mobile devices by providing seamless integration of multiple BSSs and the logical services necessary to handle addresses to destinations. Additionally, a DS may further include a component called a portal, which acts as a bridge for connecting wireless LANs to other networks (e.g., IEEE 802.X).

[0057] An AP is an entity that enables access to a DS through a WM for associated non-AP STAs and also has the functionality of an STA. Data movement between a BSS and a DS can be performed through an AP. For example, STA2 and STA3 illustrated in FIG. 2 have the functionality of an STA and provide the function of allowing associated non-AP STAs (STA1 and STA4) to access the DS. In addition, since all APs are basically STAs, all APs are addressable entities. The address used by an AP for communication on a WM and the address used by an AP for communication on a DSM do not necessarily have to be the same. A BSS consisting of an AP and one or more STAs can be referred to as an infrastructure BSS.

[0058] Data transmitted from one of the STA(s) associated with an AP to the STA address of that AP may always be received on an uncontrolled port and processed by an IEEE 802.1X port access entity. In addition, if the controlled port is authenticated, the transmitted data (or frame) may be forwarded to the DS.

[0059] In addition to the structure of the DS described above, an extended service set (ESS) may be established to provide wider coverage.

[0060] An ESS is a network of arbitrary size and complexity, consisting of DSs and BSSs. An ESS may correspond to a set of BSSs connected to a DS. However, an ESS does not include a DS. An ESS network is characterized by appearing as an IBSS at the Logical Link Control (LLC) layer. STAs within an ESS can communicate with each other, and mobile STAs can move from one BSS to another (within the same ESS) transparently to the LLC. APs within an ESS may have the same SSID (service set identification). The SSID is distinct from the BSSID, which is the identifier of the BSS.

[0061] In a wireless LAN system, no assumptions are made about the relative physical locations of BSSs, and all of the following configurations are possible: BSSs can be partially overlapping, which is commonly used to provide continuous coverage. BSSs can also be physically disconnected, and there is no logical distance restriction between them. BSSs can also be physically co-located, which can be used to provide redundancy. Furthermore, one (or more) IBSS or ESS networks can physically co-exist with one (or more) ESS networks. This can occur in cases where an ad-hoc network operates at the same location as an ESS network, where physically overlapping wireless networks are configured by different organizations, or where two or more different access and security policies are required at the same location.

[0062] FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a link setup process to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0063] For an STA to set up a link and transmit and receive data on a network, it must first discover the network, perform authentication, establish an association, and complete security authentication procedures. The link setup process can also be referred to as the session initiation process or session setup process. Furthermore, the discovery, authentication, association, and security setup processes of the link setup process can be collectively referred to as the association process.

[0064] In step S310, the STA may perform a network discovery operation. This network discovery operation may include scanning operations by the STA. That is, for the STA to access a network, it must search for available networks. Before joining a wireless network, the STA must identify compatible networks. The process of identifying networks in a specific area is called scanning.

[0065] Scanning methods include active scanning and passive scanning. Figure 3 illustrates a network discovery operation including an active scanning process as an example. In active scanning, an STA performing scanning transmits a probe request frame to discover any APs in the vicinity while moving between channels and waits for a response. The responder transmits a probe response frame in response to the STA that transmitted the probe request frame. Here, the responder may be the STA that last transmitted a beacon frame in the BSS of the channel being scanned. In the BSS, the AP transmits the beacon frame, so the AP becomes the responder. In the IBSS, the STAs within the IBSS take turns transmitting beacon frames, so the responder is not fixed. For example, an STA that transmits a probe request frame on channel 1 and receives a probe response frame on channel 1 can store BSS-related information included in the received probe response frame and move to the next channel (e.g., channel 2) to perform scanning (i.e., transmitting and receiving probe requests / responses on channel 2) in the same manner.

[0066] Although not shown in Figure 3, the scanning operation can also be performed in a passive scanning manner. In passive scanning, the STA performing the scanning moves between channels and waits for a beacon frame. A beacon frame is one of the management frames defined in IEEE 802.11. It announces the existence of a wireless network and is periodically transmitted so that the STA performing the scanning can find the wireless network and participate in the wireless network. In the BSS, the AP performs the role of periodically transmitting the beacon frame, and in the IBSS, the STAs within the IBSS take turns transmitting the beacon frame. When the STA performing the scanning receives a beacon frame, it stores the information about the BSS included in the beacon frame and moves to another channel, recording the beacon frame information on each channel. The STA receiving the beacon frame stores the BSS-related information included in the received beacon frame and moves to the next channel to perform scanning on the next channel in the same manner. Comparing active scanning and passive scanning, active scanning has the advantage of lower delay and power consumption than passive scanning.

[0067] After the STA discovers the network, an authentication process may be performed in step S320. This authentication process may be referred to as the first authentication process to clearly distinguish it from the security setup operation of step S340 described below.

[0068] The authentication process involves the STA sending an authentication request frame to the AP, and the AP responding by sending an authentication response frame to the STA. The authentication frame used for the authentication request / response corresponds to a management frame.

[0069] The authentication frame may include information such as an authentication algorithm number, an authentication transaction sequence number, a status code, a challenge text, a Robust Security Network (RSN), and a Finite Cyclic Group. These are just some examples of information that may be included in an authentication request / response frame, and may be replaced with other information or include additional information.

[0070] An STA can send an authentication request frame to an AP. The AP can determine whether to grant authentication to the STA based on the information contained in the received authentication request frame. The AP can provide the result of the authentication process to the STA via an authentication response frame.

[0071] After the STA is successfully authenticated, an association process may be performed in step S330. The association process includes a process in which the STA transmits an association request frame to the AP, and in response, the AP transmits an association response frame to the STA.

[0072] For example, the association request frame may include information about various capabilities, a beacon listen interval, a service set identifier (SSID), supported rates, supported channels, an RSN, a mobility domain, supported operating classes, a Traffic Indication Map Broadcast request, interworking service capabilities, etc. For example, the association response frame may include information about various capabilities, a status code, an Association ID (AID), supported rates, an Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) parameter set, a Received Channel Power Indicator (RCPI), a Received Signal to Noise Indicator (RSNI), a mobility domain, a timeout interval (e.g., an association comeback time), overlapping BSS scan parameters, a TIM broadcast response, a Quality of Service (QoS) map, etc. These are just some examples of information that may be included in a combined request / response frame, and may be replaced by other information or include additional information.

[0073] After the STA successfully joins the network, a security setup process may be performed in step S340. The security setup process in step S340 may be referred to as an authentication process through a Robust Security Network Association (RSNA) request / response, the authentication process in step S320 may be referred to as a first authentication process, and the security setup process in step S340 may also be referred to simply as an authentication process.

[0074] The security setup process of step S340 may include, for example, a process of establishing a private key through a four-way handshaking using an Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL) frame. Furthermore, the security setup process may be performed according to a security method not defined in the IEEE 802.11 standard.

[0075] FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a backoff process to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0076] In wireless LAN systems, the basic access mechanism of MAC (Medium Access Control) is Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA / CA). The CSMA / CA mechanism, also known as the Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) of the IEEE 802.11 MAC, essentially employs a "listen before talk" access mechanism. According to this type of access mechanism, the AP and / or STA may perform a Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) to sense the wireless channel or medium for a predetermined time period (e.g., a DCF Inter-Frame Space (DIFS)) before starting transmission. If the sensing result determines that the medium is in an idle state, the AP and / or STA may start transmitting frames through the medium. On the other hand, if the medium is detected to be occupied or busy, the AP and / or STA may not start its own transmission, but may wait for a delay period (e.g., a random backoff period) for medium access before attempting to transmit frames. By applying a random backoff period, multiple STAs are expected to attempt to transmit frames after waiting for different periods of time, thereby minimizing collisions.

[0077] In addition, the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol provides the Hybrid Coordination Function (HCF). The HCF is based on the DCF and the Point Coordination Function (PCF). The PCF is a polling-based synchronous access method that periodically polls all receiving APs and / or STAs to ensure that they receive data frames. In addition, the HCF has the Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) and the HCF Controlled Channel Access (HCCA). The EDCA is a contention-based access method for a provider to provide data frames to multiple users, while the HCCA uses a non-contention-based channel access method that utilizes a polling mechanism. In addition, the HCF includes a medium access mechanism to improve the Quality of Service (QoS) of the wireless LAN, and can transmit QoS data in both the Contention Period (CP) and the Contention Free Period (CFP).

[0078] Referring to Fig. 4, an operation based on a random backoff period is described. When a medium that was occupied / busy changes to an idle state, multiple STAs can attempt to transmit data (or frames). To minimize collisions, each STA can select a random backoff count, wait for the corresponding slot time, and then attempt transmission. The random backoff count has a pseudo-random integer value and can be determined as one of the values ​​in the range of 0 to CW. Here, CW is a contention window parameter value. The CW parameter is given an initial value of CWmin, but can take a value doubled in case of transmission failure (e.g., when an ACK for a transmitted frame is not received). When the CW parameter value becomes CWmax, data transmission can be attempted while maintaining the CWmax value until data transmission is successful, and if data transmission is successful, it is reset to the CWmin value. The CW, CWmin, and CWmax values ​​are 2. n It is desirable to set it to -1 (n=0, 1, 2, ...).

[0079] Once the random backoff process begins, the STA continues to monitor the medium while counting down the backoff slots according to the determined backoff count value. If the medium is monitored as occupied, the countdown stops and waits. When the medium becomes idle, the remaining countdown resumes.

[0080] In the example of FIG. 4, when a packet to be transmitted reaches the MAC of STA3, STA3 can immediately transmit a frame if it confirms that the medium is idle for DIFS. The remaining STAs monitor the medium for occupied / busy states and wait. In the meantime, data to be transmitted may also occur in each of STA1, STA2, and STA5, and each STA can count down the backoff slot according to a random backoff count value selected by each STA after waiting for DIFS if the medium is monitored as idle. Assume that STA2 selects the smallest backoff count value and STA1 selects the largest backoff count value. In other words, this example shows a case where the remaining backoff time of STA5 is shorter than the remaining backoff time of STA1 when STA2 finishes the backoff count and starts frame transmission. STA1 and STA5 briefly stop counting down and wait while STA2 occupies the medium. When STA2's occupation ends and the medium becomes idle again, STA1 and STA5 wait for DIFS and then resume the backoff count that they had stopped. That is, they can start transmitting frames after counting down the remaining backoff slots equal to the remaining backoff time. Since STA5's remaining backoff time is shorter than STA1's, STA5 starts transmitting frames. While STA2 occupies the medium, STA4 may also have data to transmit. From STA4's perspective, when the medium becomes idle, it waits for DIFS, counts down according to its selected random backoff count value, and then starts transmitting frames. In the example of Figure 4, the remaining backoff time of STA5 coincidentally matches the random backoff count value of STA4, in which case a collision may occur between STA4 and STA5. If a collision occurs, neither STA4 nor STA5 will receive an ACK, resulting in a failure in data transmission.In this case, STA4 and STA5 can select a random backoff count value and perform a countdown after doubling the CW value. STA1 waits while the medium is occupied by transmissions from STA4 and STA5, and when the medium becomes idle, it waits for DIFS and can start transmitting frames after the remaining backoff time elapses.

[0081] As in the example of Fig. 4, a data frame is a frame used for transmitting data forwarded to a higher layer, and can be transmitted after a backoff performed after DIFS elapses from when the medium becomes idle. Additionally, a management frame is a frame used for exchanging management information that is not forwarded to a higher layer, and is transmitted after a backoff performed after an IFS elapses, such as DIFS or PIFS (Point coordination function IFS). Subtype frames of a management frame include a beacon, an association request / response, a re-association request / response, a probe request / response, and an authentication request / response. A control frame is a frame used to control access to the medium. The subtype frames of the control frame include Request-To-Send (RTS), Clear-To-Send (CTS), Acknowledgment (ACK), Power Save-Poll (PS-Poll), Block ACK (BlockAck), Block ACK Request (BlockACKReq), Null Data Packet Announcement (NDP), and Trigger. If the control frame is not a response frame to the previous frame, it is transmitted after a backoff performed after the DIFS (Direct Inverse Frame Stop) has elapsed, and if it is a response frame to the previous frame, it is transmitted without a backoff performed after the SIFS (short IFS). The type and subtype of the frame can be identified by the type field and subtype field in the Frame Control (FC) field.

[0082] A QoS (Quality of Service) STA can transmit a frame after a backoff performed after the AIFS (arbitration IFS) for the access category (AC) to which the frame belongs, i.e., AIFS[i] (where i is a value determined by the AC), has elapsed. Here, the frames for which AIFS[i] can be used can be data frames, management frames, and also control frames that are not response frames.

[0083] FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a CSMA / CA-based frame transmission operation to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0084] As mentioned above, the CSMA / CA mechanism includes virtual carrier sensing in addition to physical carrier sensing, in which STAs directly sense the medium. Virtual carrier sensing is intended to address potential issues in medium access, such as the hidden node problem. For virtual carrier sensing, the MAC of an STA can utilize a Network Allocation Vector (NAV). The NAV is a value that an STA that is currently using or has the right to use the medium indicates to other STAs the remaining time until the medium becomes available. Therefore, the value set as NAV corresponds to the period during which the STA transmitting the frame is scheduled to use the medium, and an STA receiving the NAV value is prohibited from accessing the medium during that period. For example, the NAV can be set based on the value of the "duration" field in the MAC header of the frame.

[0085] In the example of FIG. 5, it is assumed that STA1 wants to transmit data to STA2, and STA3 is in a position to overhear some or all of the frames transmitted and received between STA1 and STA2.

[0086] In order to reduce the possibility of collisions in transmissions of multiple STAs in a CSMA / CA-based frame transmission operation, a mechanism using RTS / CTS frames may be applied. In the example of FIG. 5, while STA1 is transmitting, STA3 may determine that the medium is idle based on carrier sensing results. That is, STA1 may correspond to a hidden node for STA3. Alternatively, in the example of FIG. 5, while STA2 is transmitting, STA3 may determine that the medium is idle based on carrier sensing results. That is, STA2 may correspond to a hidden node for STA3. By exchanging RTS / CTS frames before performing data transmission and reception between STA1 and STA2, STAs outside the transmission range of either STA1 or STA2, or STAs outside the carrier sensing range for transmissions from STA1 or STA3, may not attempt to occupy the channel during data transmission and reception between STA1 and STA2.

[0087] Specifically, STA1 can determine whether a channel is occupied through carrier sensing. In terms of physical carrier sensing, STA1 can determine channel occupancy idleness based on the energy level or signal correlation detected in the channel. Furthermore, in terms of virtual carrier sensing, STA1 can determine the channel occupancy status using a network allocation vector (NAV) timer.

[0088] STA1 can transmit an RTS frame to STA2 after performing a backoff if the channel is idle during the DIFS. STA2 can transmit a CTS frame, which is a response to the RTS frame, to STA1 after an SIFS if it receives the RTS frame.

[0089] If STA3 cannot overhear a CTS frame from STA2 but can overhear an RTS frame from STA1, STA3 can use the duration information contained in the RTS frame to set a NAV timer for the subsequent consecutively transmitted frame transmission period (e.g., SIFS + CTS frame + SIFS + data frame + SIFS + ACK frame). Alternatively, if STA3 cannot overhear an RTS frame from STA1 but can overhear a CTS frame from STA2, STA3 can use the duration information contained in the CTS frame to set a NAV timer for the subsequent consecutively transmitted frame transmission period (e.g., SIFS + data frame + SIFS + ACK frame). That is, if STA3 can overhear one or more of the RTS or CTS frames from one or more of STA1 or STA2, it can set a NAV accordingly. If STA3 receives a new frame before the NAV timer expires, it can update the NAV timer using the duration information contained in the new frame. STA3 does not attempt channel access until the NAV timer expires.

[0090] If STA1 receives a CTS frame from STA2, it can transmit a data frame to STA2 after SIFS from the time when the CTS frame is completely received. If STA2 successfully receives the data frame, it can transmit an ACK frame in response to the data frame to STA1 after SIFS. STA3 can determine whether the channel is in use through carrier sensing if the NAV timer expires. If STA3 determines that the channel is not in use by another terminal during the DIFS after the NAV timer expires, it can attempt channel access after a contention window (CW) based on a random backoff has elapsed.

[0091] FIG. 6 is a drawing for explaining an example of a frame structure used in a wireless LAN system to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0092] The PHY layer can prepare an MPDU (MAC PDU) to be transmitted based on an instruction or primitive (meaning a set of instructions or parameters) from the MAC layer. For example, when a command requesting the start of transmission of the PHY layer is received from the MAC layer, the PHY layer can switch to transmission mode and transmit the information (e.g., data) provided by the MAC layer in the form of a frame. In addition, when the PHY layer detects a valid preamble of the received frame, it monitors the header of the preamble and sends a command to the MAC layer notifying the start of reception of the PHY layer.

[0093] In this way, information transmission / reception in a wireless LAN system is done in the form of frames, and for this purpose, the PHY layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) format is defined.

[0094] A basic PPDU may include a Short Training Field (STF), a Long Training Field (LTF), a SIGNAL (SIG) field, and a Data field. The most basic (e.g., non-HT (High Throughput) as illustrated in FIG. 7) PPDU format may consist of only the Legacy-STF (L-STF), Legacy-LTF (L-LTF), Legacy-SIG (L-SIG) fields, and a Data field. Additionally, depending on the type of PPDU format (e.g., HT-mixed format PPDU, HT-greenfield format PPDU, VHT (Very High Throughput) PPDU, etc.), additional (or different types of) RL-SIG, U-SIG, non-legacy SIG field, non-legacy STF, non-legacy LTF, (i.e., xx-SIG, xx-STF, xx-LTF (e.g., xx is HT, VHT, HE, EHT, etc.)) may be included between the L-SIG field and the data field. More specific details will be described later with reference to FIG. 7.

[0095] STF is a signal for signal detection, AGC (Automatic Gain Control), diversity selection, and precise time synchronization, while LTF is a signal for channel estimation, frequency error estimation, etc. STF and LTF can be said to be signals for synchronization and channel estimation of the OFDM physical layer.

[0096] The SIG field may include various information related to PPDU transmission and reception. For example, the L-SIG field may consist of 24 bits and may include a 4-bit Rate field, a 1-bit Reserved bit, a 12-bit Length field, a 1-bit Parity field, and a 6-bit Tail field. The RATE field may include information about the modulation and coding rate of data. For example, the 12-bit Length field may include information about the length or time duration of the PPDU. For example, the value of the 12-bit Length field may be determined based on the type of the PPDU. For example, for a non-HT, HT, VHT, or EHT PPDU, the value of the Length field may be determined as a multiple of 3. For example, for HE PPDU, the value of the Length field can be determined as a multiple of 3 + 1 or a multiple of 3 + 2.

[0097] The data field may include a SERVICE field, a Physical layer Service Data Unit (PSDU), a PPDU TAIL bit, and, if necessary, padding bits. Some bits of the SERVICE field may be used to synchronize the descrambler at the receiving end. The PSDU corresponds to a MAC PDU defined at the MAC layer and may contain data generated / used by upper layers. The PPDU TAIL bit may be used to return the encoder to a 0 state. The padding bit may be used to adjust the length of the data field to a predetermined unit.

[0098] MAC PDUs are defined according to various MAC frame formats, and a basic MAC frame consists of a MAC header, a frame body, and a Frame Check Sequence (FCS). A MAC frame is composed of MAC PDUs and can be transmitted / received through the PSDU in the data portion of the PPDU format.

[0099] The MAC header includes a Frame Control field, a Duration / ID field, an Address field, etc. The Frame Control field may include control information required for frame transmission / reception. The Duration / ID field may be set to a time for transmitting the corresponding frame, etc. The Address subfields may indicate the receiver address, transmitter address, destination address, and source address of the frame, and some Address subfields may be omitted. For specific details of each subfield of the MAC header, including the Sequence Control, QoS Control, and HT Control subfields, refer to the IEEE 802.11 standard document.

[0100] The Null-Data PPDU (NDP) format refers to a PPDU format that does not include a data field. In other words, NDP refers to a frame format that includes a PPDU preamble (i.e., L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG fields, and, if additionally present, non-legacy SIG, non-legacy STF, and non-legacy LTF) in the general PPDU format, and does not include the remaining part (i.e., data field).

[0101] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating examples of PPDUs defined in the IEEE 802.11 standard to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0102] Standards such as IEEE 802.11a / g / n / ac / ax use various PPDU formats. The basic PPDU format (IEEE 802.11a / g) includes L-LTF, L-STF, L-SIG, and Data fields. The basic PPDU format can also be referred to as the non-HT PPDU format (Fig. 7(a)).

[0103] The HT PPDU format (IEEE 802.11n) additionally includes HT-SIG, HT-STF, and HT-LFT(s) fields in addition to the basic PPDU format. The HT PPDU format illustrated in Fig. 7(b) may be referred to as an HT-mixed format. Additionally, an HT-greenfield format PPDU may be defined, which corresponds to a format that does not include L-STF, L-LTF, and L-SIG, but consists of HT-GF-STF, HT-LTF1, HT-SIG, one or more HT-LTF, and Data fields (not illustrated).

[0104] An example of the VHT PPDU format (IEEE 802.11ac) includes VHT SIG-A, VHT-STF, VHT-LTF, and VHT-SIG-B fields in addition to the basic PPDU format (Fig. 7(c)).

[0105] An example of a HE PPDU format (IEEE 802.11ax) additionally includes RL-SIG (Repeated L-SIG), HE-SIG-A, HE-SIG-B, HE-STF, HE-LTF(s), and PE (Packet Extension) fields in addition to the basic PPDU format (Fig. 7(d)). Depending on specific examples of the HE PPDU format, some fields may be excluded or their lengths may vary. For example, the HE-SIG-B field is included in the HE PPDU format for multi-users (MUs), but the HE PPDU format for single users (SUs) does not include the HE-SIG-B. In addition, the HE trigger-based (TB) PPDU format does not include the HE-SIG-B, and the length of the HE-STF field may vary to 8us. The HE ER (Extended Range) SU PPDU format does not include the HE-SIG-B field, and the length of the HE-SIG-A field may vary to 16us. For example, RL-SIG can be configured identically to L-SIG. The receiving STA can determine that the received PPDU is a HE PPDU or an EHT PPDU, described later, based on the presence of RL-SIG.

[0106] The EHT PPDU format may include the EHT MU (multi-user) PPDU of FIG. 7(e) and the EHT TB (trigger-based) PPDU of FIG. 7(f). The EHT PPDU format is similar to the HE PPDU format in that it includes an RL-SIG following an L-SIG, but may include a U (universal)-SIG, an EHT-SIG, an EHT-STF, and an EHT-LTF following the RL-SIG.

[0107] The EHT MU PPDU in FIG. 7(e) corresponds to a PPDU that carries one or more data (or PSDUs) for one or more users. That is, the EHT MU PPDU can be used for both SU transmission and MU transmission. For example, the EHT MU PPDU can correspond to a PPDU for one receiving STA or multiple receiving STAs.

[0108] The EHT TB PPDU of Fig. 7(f) omits the EHT-SIG compared to the EHT MU PPDU. An STA that has received a trigger for UL MU transmission (e.g., a trigger frame or TRS (triggered response scheduling)) can perform UL transmission based on the EHT TB PPDU format.

[0109] The L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG (Universal SIGNAL), and EHT-SIG fields can be encoded and modulated to allow legacy STAs to attempt demodulation and decoding, and mapped based on a predetermined subcarrier frequency interval (e.g., 312.5 kHz). These can be referred to as pre-EHT modulated fields. Next, the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, Data, and PE fields can be encoded and modulated to allow STAs that have successfully decoded non-legacy SIGs (e.g., U-SIG and / or EHT-SIG) and obtained the information contained in the fields, and mapped based on a predetermined subcarrier frequency interval (e.g., 78.125 kHz). These can be referred to as EHT modulated fields.

[0110] Similarly, in the HE PPDU format, the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, HE-SIG-A, and HE-SIG-B fields may be referred to as pre-HE modulation fields, and the HE-STF, HE-LTF, Data, and PE fields may be referred to as HE modulation fields. Additionally, in the VHT PPDU format, the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, and VHT-SIG-A fields may be referred to as pre-VHT modulation fields, and the VHT STF, VHT-LTF, VHT-SIG-B, and Data fields may be referred to as VHT modulation fields.

[0111] The U-SIG included in the EHT PPDU format of FIG. 7 can be configured based on, for example, two symbols (e.g., two consecutive OFDM symbols). Each symbol (e.g., OFDM symbol) for the U-SIG can have a duration of 4 us, and the U-SIG can have a total duration of 8 us. Each symbol of the U-SIG can be used to transmit 26 bits of information. For example, each symbol of the U-SIG can be transmitted and received based on 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones.

[0112] U-SIGs can be configured in 20MHz units. For example, when an 80MHz PPDU is configured, the same U-SIG can be duplicated in 20MHz units. That is, four identical U-SIGs can be included in an 80MHz PPDU. When the bandwidth exceeds 80MHz, for example, for a 160MHz PPDU, the U-SIGs in the first 80MHz unit and the U-SIGs in the second 80MHz unit can be different.

[0113] For example, A uncoded bits may be transmitted via U-SIG, and a first symbol of U-SIG (e.g., a U-SIG-1 symbol) may transmit the first X bits of information out of a total A bits of information, and a second symbol of U-SIG (e.g., a U-SIG-2 symbol) may transmit the remaining Y bits of information out of a total A bits of information. The A bits of information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) may include a CRC field (e.g., a field of 4 bits in length) and a tail field (e.g., a field of 6 bits in length). The tail field may be used to terminate the trellis of the convolutional decoder and may be set to 0, for example.

[0114] The A bit information transmitted by U-SIG can be divided into version-independent bits and version-dependent bits. For example, U-SIG can be included in a new PPDU format (e.g., UHR PPDU format) not shown in FIG. 7, and in the format of the U-SIG field included in the EHT PPDU format and the format of the U-SIG field included in the UHR PPDU format, the version-independent bits can be the same, and some or all of the version-dependent bits can be different.

[0115] For example, the size of the version-independent bits of U-SIG can be fixed or variable. The version-independent bits can be assigned only to U-SIG-1 symbols, or to both U-SIG-1 symbols and U-SIG-2 symbols. The version-independent bits and the version-dependent bits can be called by various names, such as the first control bit and the second control bit.

[0116] For example, the version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include a 3-bit PHY version identifier, which may indicate the PHY version (e.g., EHT, UHR, etc.) of the transmitted and received PPDUs. The version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include a 1-bit UL / DL flag field. The first value of the 1-bit UL / DL flag field relates to UL communication, and the second value of the UL / DL flag field relates to DL communication. The version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include information about the length of a transmission opportunity (TXOP) and information about a BSS color ID.

[0117] For example, the version-dependent bits of the U-SIG may contain information that directly or indirectly indicates the type of PPDU (e.g., SU PPDU, MU PPDU, TB PPDU, etc.).

[0118] Information required for PPDU transmission and reception may be included in the U-SIG. For example, the U-SIG may further include information about bandwidth, information about the MCS technique applied to the non-legacy SIG (e.g., EHT-SIG or UHR-SIG), information indicating whether a dual carrier modulation (DCM) technique (e.g., a technique to achieve an effect similar to frequency diversity by reusing the same signal on two subcarriers) is applied to the non-legacy SIG, information about the number of symbols used for the non-legacy SIG, information about whether the non-legacy SIG is generated across the entire band, etc.

[0119] Some of the information required for transmitting and receiving a PPDU may be included in the U-SIG and / or the non-legacy SIG (e.g., EHT-SIG or UHR-SIG, etc.). For example, information about the type of the non-legacy LTF / STF (e.g., EHT-LTF / EHT-STF or UHR-LTF / UHR-STF, etc.), information about the length of the non-legacy LTF and the cyclic prefix (CP) length, information about the guard interval (GI) applicable to the non-legacy LTF, information about preamble puncturing applicable to the PPDU, information about resource unit (RU) allocation, etc. may be included only in the U-SIG, may be included only in the non-legacy SIG, or may be indicated by a combination of the information included in the U-SIG and the information included in the non-legacy SIG.

[0120] Preamble puncturing may refer to the transmission of a PPDU in which no signal is present in one or more frequency units within the PPDU's bandwidth. For example, the size of the frequency unit (or the resolution of the preamble puncturing) may be defined as 20 MHz, 40 MHz, etc. For example, preamble puncturing may be applied to a PPDU bandwidth greater than a certain size.

[0121] In the example of FIG. 7, non-legacy SIGs such as HE-SIG-B and EHT-SIG may include control information for the receiving STA. The non-legacy SIG may be transmitted over at least one symbol, and each symbol may have a length of 4 us. Information regarding the number of symbols used for the EHT-SIG may be included in a previous SIG (e.g., HE-SIG-A, U-SIG, etc.).

[0122] Non-legacy SIGs, such as HE-SIG-B and EHT-SIG, may contain common fields and user-specific fields. Common and user-specific fields may be coded separately.

[0123] In some cases, common fields may be omitted. For example, in a compressed mode where non-OFDMA (orthogonal frequency multiple access) is applied, common fields may be omitted, and multiple STAs may receive PPDUs (e.g., data fields of PPDUs) over the same frequency band. In a non-compressed mode where OFDMA is applied, multiple users may receive PPDUs (e.g., data fields of PPDUs) over different frequency bands.

[0124] The number of user-specific fields can be determined based on the number of users. A single user block field can contain up to two user fields. Each user field can be associated with either MU-MIMO allocation or non-MU-MIMO allocation.

[0125] The common field may include CRC bits and Tail bits, the length of the CRC bits may be determined as 4 bits, and the length of the Tail bits may be determined as 6 bits and set to 000000. The common field may include RU allocation information. The RU allocation information may include information about the location of RUs to which multiple users (i.e., multiple receiving STAs) are allocated.

[0126] An RU can contain multiple subcarriers (or tones). RUs can be used when transmitting signals to multiple STAs based on OFDMA techniques. RUs can also be defined when transmitting signals to a single STA. Resources can be allocated on an RU basis for non-legacy STFs, non-legacy LTFs, and data fields.

[0127] Depending on the PPDU bandwidth, an applicable RU size can be defined. The RU may be defined identically or differently for the applicable PPDU format (e.g., HE PPDU, EHT PPDU, UHR PPDU, etc.). For example, in the case of an 80MHz PPDU, the RU arrangements of HE PPDU and EHT PPDU may be different. The applicable RU size, RU number, RU position, DC (direct current) subcarrier position and number, null subcarrier position and number, guard subcarrier position and number, etc. for each PPDU bandwidth can be referred to as a tone plan. For example, a tone plan for a wide bandwidth can be defined in the form of multiple repetitions of a low bandwidth tone plan.

[0128] RUs of different sizes can be defined, such as 26-ton RU, 52-ton RU, 106-ton RU, 242-ton RU, 484-ton RU, 996-ton RU, 2X996-ton RU, 3X996-ton RU, etc. A multiple RU (MRU) is distinguished from multiple individual RUs and corresponds to a group of subcarriers consisting of multiple RUs. For example, one MRU can be defined as 52+26-tons, 106+26-tons, 484+242-tons, 996+484-tons, 996+484+242-tons, 2X996+484-tons, 3X996-tons, or 3X996+484-tons. Additionally, multiple RUs constituting one MRU may or may not be consecutive in the frequency domain.

[0129] The specific size of an RU may be reduced or expanded. Therefore, the specific size of each RU (i.e., the number of corresponding tones) in the present disclosure is not limited and is exemplary. Furthermore, within a given bandwidth (e.g., 20, 40, 80, 160, 320 MHz, etc.) in the present disclosure, the number of RUs may vary depending on the RU size.

[0130] The names of each field in the PPDU formats of FIG. 7 are exemplary and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited by those names. Furthermore, the examples of the present disclosure can be applied not only to the PPDU format exemplified in FIG. 7, but also to a new PPDU format in which some fields are excluded and / or some fields are added based on the PPDU formats of FIG. 7.

[0131] Preamble puncturing may be applied to the PPDU of FIG. 7. Preamble puncturing refers to applying puncturing to a portion of the entire bandwidth of the PPDU (e.g., the secondary 20 MHz band). For example, when an 80 MHz PPDU is transmitted, the STA may apply puncturing to the secondary 20 MHz band within the 80 MHz band, and transmit the PPDU only through the primary 20 MHz band and the secondary 40 MHz band.

[0132] For example, the pattern of preamble puncturing can be preset. For example, when the first puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing can be applied only to a secondary 20 MHz band within an 80 MHz band. For example, when the second puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing can be applied only to one of two secondary 20 MHz bands included in a secondary 40 MHz band within an 80 MHz band. For example, when the third puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing can be applied only to a secondary 20 MHz band included in a primary 80 MHz band within a 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band). For example, when the fourth puncturing pattern is applied, a primary 40 MHz band included in the primary 80 MHz band within the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band) may be present, and puncturing may be applied to at least one 20 MHz channel that does not belong to the primary 40 MHz band.

[0133] Information regarding preamble puncturing applied to the PPDU may be included in the U-SIG and / or EHT-SIG. For example, the first field of the U-SIG may include information regarding the contiguous bandwidth of the PPDU, and the second field of the U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing applied to the PPDU.

[0134] For example, U-SIG and EHT-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing based on the following method. If the bandwidth of the PPDU exceeds 80 MHz, U-SIGs may be individually configured in units of 80 MHz. For example, if the bandwidth of the PPDU is 160 MHz, the PPDU may include a first U-SIG for a first 80 MHz band and a second U-SIG for a second 80 MHz band. In this case, the first field of the first U-SIG may include information regarding the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the first U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information regarding a preamble puncturing pattern). Additionally, the first field of the second U-SIG may include information about a 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the second U-SIG may include information about preamble puncturing applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information about a preamble puncturing pattern). The EHT-SIG consecutive to the first U-SIG may include information about preamble puncturing applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information about a preamble puncturing pattern), and the EHT-SIG consecutive to the second U-SIG may include information about preamble puncturing applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information about a preamble puncturing pattern).

[0135] Additionally or alternatively, U-SIG and EHT-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing based on the following methods. U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing for all bands (i.e., information regarding preamble puncturing patterns). That is, EHT-SIG may not include information regarding preamble puncturing, and only U-SIG may include information regarding preamble puncturing (i.e., information regarding preamble puncturing patterns).

[0136] U-SIGs can be configured in 20 MHz units. For example, if an 80 MHz PPDU is configured, U-SIGs can be duplicated. That is, four identical U-SIGs can be included within an 80 MHz PPDU. PPDUs exceeding the 80 MHz bandwidth can contain different U-SIGs.

[0137] The EHT-SIG of FIG. 7 may include control information for a receiving STA. The EHT-SIG may be transmitted via at least one symbol, and each symbol may have a length of 4 us. Information regarding the number of symbols used for the EHT-SIG may be included in the U-SIG.

[0138] EHT-SIG may include the technical features of HE-SIG-B described above. For example, EHT-SIG may include common fields and user-specific fields. The common fields of EHT-SIG may be omitted, and the number of user-specific fields may be determined based on the number of users.

[0139] The common fields of the EHT-SIG and the user-specific fields of the EHT-SIG can be coded separately. One user block field included in the user-specific fields contains information for two user fields, but the last user block field included in the user-specific fields can contain one or two user fields. That is, one user block field of the EHT-SIG can contain at most two user fields. Each user field can be related to an MU-MIMO allocation or a non-MU-MIMO allocation.

[0140] The common field of EHT-SIG can include CRC bits and Tail bits, the length of the CRC bits can be determined as 4 bits, and the length of the Tail bits can be determined as 6 bits and set to 000000.

[0141] The common field of EHT-SIG may include RU allocation information. RU allocation information may refer to information regarding the location of RUs to which multiple users (i.e., multiple receiving STAs) are allocated. RU allocation information may be structured in units of 8 bits (or N bits).

[0142] A mode in which the common field of the EHT-SIG is omitted may be supported. The mode in which the common field of the EHT-SIG is omitted may be called compressed mode. When the compressed mode is used, multiple users of the EHT PPDU (i.e., multiple receiving STAs) can decode the PPDU (e.g., the data field of the PPDU) based on non-OFDMA. That is, multiple users of the EHT PPDU can decode the PPDU (e.g., the data field of the PPDU) received through the same frequency band. When the non-compressed mode is used, multiple users of the EHT PPDU can decode the PPDU (e.g., the data field of the PPDU) based on OFDMA. That is, multiple users of the EHT PPDU can receive the PPDU (e.g., the data field of the PPDU) through different frequency bands.

[0143] EHT-SIG can be configured based on various MCS techniques. As described above, information related to the MCS technique applied to EHT-SIG can be included in U-SIG. EHT-SIG can be configured based on DCM technique. For example, among N data tones (e.g., 52 data tones) allocated for EHT-SIG, a first modulation technique can be applied to consecutive half tones, and a second modulation technique can be applied to the remaining consecutive half tones. That is, a transmitting STA can modulate specific control information into a first symbol based on the first modulation technique and assign it to consecutive half tones, and modulate the same control information into a second symbol based on the second modulation technique and assign it to the remaining consecutive half tones. As described above, information (e.g., a 1-bit field) related to whether DCM technique is applied to EHT-SIG can be included in U-SIG. The EHT-STF of Fig. 7 can be used to improve automatic gain control (AGC) estimation in a MIMO environment or an OFDMA environment. The EHT-LTF of Fig. 7 can be used to estimate a channel in a MIMO environment or an OFDMA environment.

[0144] Information about the type of STF and / or LTF (including information about the guard interval (GI) applied to LTF) may be included in the U-SIG field and / or the EHT-SIG field of FIG. 7.

[0145] trigger frame

[0146] FIG. 8 is a drawing showing an exemplary format of a trigger frame to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0147] A trigger frame may allocate resources for the transmission of one or more TB PPDUs and request the transmission of TB PPDUs. The trigger frame may also include other information required by the STA transmitting the TB PPDU in response. The trigger frame may include common information and a user information list field in the frame body.

[0148] The common information field may include information common to one or more TB PPDU transmissions requested by the trigger frame, such as trigger type, UL length, presence of a subsequent trigger frame (e.g., More TF), whether CS (channel sensing) is required, UL BW (bandwidth), etc.

[0149] The 4-bit trigger type subfield can have values ​​from 0 to 15. Among them, the values ​​0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 of the trigger type subfield are defined to correspond to basic, Beamforming Report Poll (BFRP), multi user-block acknowledgement request (MU-BAR), multi user-request to send (MU-RTS), Buffer Status Report Poll (BSRP), groupcast with retries (GCR), MU-BAR, Bandwidth Query Report Poll (BQRP), and NDP Feedback Report Poll (NFRP), respectively, and the values ​​8 to 15 are defined as reserved.

[0150] Among the common information, the trigger dependent common info subfield may include information that is optionally included based on the trigger type.

[0151] A special user info field may be included within the trigger frame. The special user info field does not contain user-specific information, but rather extended common information not provided in the common information field.

[0152] The user information list contains zero or more user information fields. Figure 8 illustrates an example of an EHT variant user information field format.

[0153] The AID12 subfield basically indicates that it is a user information field for an STA with the corresponding AID. In addition, if the AID12 field has a predetermined specific value, it may be utilized for other purposes, such as allocating a random access (RA)-RU, or being configured in the form of a special user information field. The special user information field is a user information field that does not contain user-specific information, but contains extended common information not provided in the common information field. For example, the special user information field can be identified by the AID12 value of 2007, and the special user information field flag subfield within the common information field can indicate whether the special user information field is included.

[0154] The RU allocation subfield can indicate the size and location of an RU / MRU. For this purpose, the RU allocation subfield can be interpreted together with the PS160 (primary / secondary 160MHz) subfield of the user information field, the UL BW subfield of the common information field, etc.

[0155] Merged uplink transmission method using relay operation

[0156] The next-generation wireless LAN (beyond 802.11be) aims to support ultra-high reliability when transmitting signals to STAs, and various technologies are being considered for high throughput, low latency, and extended range support. To this end, signal transmission using a relay can be considered to extend the coverage of AP signal transmission as well as reliability within the AP coverage. In order to extend the range through relay operation, the AP's signal (e.g., management frame such as a beacon frame) can be transmitted to non-AP STAs located outside the AP coverage through the relay STA.

[0157] In this way, non-AP STA(s) that receive signals / frames (e.g., management frames such as beacon frames) from the AP through the relay STA transmit the signals / frames to the relay STA in order to transmit and receive signals with the AP. The relay STA that receives the signals / frames transmitted by the non-AP STAs acquires a channel through channel contention in order to transmit them to the AP, and then transmits the signals / frames to the AP. When the relay STA receives signals from multiple non-AP STAs, repeated channel contention is required to transmit them to the AP, which has the disadvantage of reducing transmission efficiency and may also cause delays due to channel contention. In this way, in order to efficiently transmit signals / frames received from multiple non-AP STAs to the AP, a period in which the relay STA receives signals from non-AP STAs is set, and the relay STA can receive signals from non-AP STAs within the set period.

[0158] In this disclosure, a method is proposed for transmitting UL signals by merging them in order to efficiently transmit signals / frames / data received from multiple non-AP STAs to an AP.

[0159] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating range expansion using a relay in a wireless LAN system to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0160] In the next generation wireless LAN (beyond 802.11be), a relay STA can be used to ensure smooth signal transmission and reception for STAs located at the coverage boundary of the AP and to extend the coverage of the AP to transmit and receive signals.

[0161] Here, the relay STA may be an AP STA or a non-AP STA. For example, if the relay STA is an AP STA, the relay STA can only support / perform AP functions. Also, for example, if the relay STA is a non-AP STA, the relay STA can only support / perform non-AP STA functions. Also, for example, the relay STA may be an STA that can support / perform both AP functions and non-AP STA functions.

[0162] Hereinafter, in the description of the present disclosure, for convenience of explanation, the relay STA is mainly described as a non-AP STA, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0163] Through signal transmission and reception using a relay STA, the AP can transmit and receive signals with an STA that exists outside the coverage of the AP, as shown in Fig. 9.

[0164] As shown in FIG. 9, when using relay operation to transmit and receive signals to and from STAs that exist outside the coverage / range of the AP, frames / PPDUs (e.g., management frames) transmitted by the AP can be transmitted to STAs (e.g., destination STA, end-STA, or non-AP STA) through the relay STA.

[0165] In addition, for example, STAs that exist outside the coverage / range of the AP cannot receive the beacon frame transmitted by the AP. Therefore, after the relay STA receives the beacon frame transmitted by the AP, the relay STA can broadcast the beacon frame. In this way, non-AP STAs that exist outside the coverage of the AP that receive the beacon frame transmitted by the relay STA can transmit a signal to the relay STA not only for association with the AP but also for signal transmission and reception, and the relay STA that receives the signals of these non-AP STAs can transmit the signals of the non-AP STAs that it received to the AP.

[0166] In this way, a relay STA that receives a signal from an AP or a non-AP STA requires a process of sharing a TXOP acquired by the AP or a channel access process involving contention in order to transmit the received signal to the AP. However, since the relay STA requires the above-mentioned channel acquisition / access process repeatedly in order to transmit signals to multiple non-AP STAs, there is a disadvantage in that transmission efficiency is reduced. In addition, when a relay STA performs channel access, channel contention occurs, which may cause a channel access delay, resulting in a latency problem.

[0167] In order for a relay STA to efficiently transmit signals transmitted by multiple non-AP STAs to an AP as described above, the following method can be used to transmit and receive signals.

[0168] Example 1: Setting up a UL reception section of a relay STA and providing instructions / signaling therefor

[0169] An AP can set a UL reception duration during which a relay STA receives UL transmissions from non-AP STA(s) through negotiation or capability exchange with the relay STA.

[0170] The AP can transmit information about the UL reception section of the relay STA set above to the relay STA.

[0171] For example, information about the UL reception interval of a relay STA can be transmitted via a beacon frame. In this case, STAs located outside the coverage area of ​​the AP or at the coverage boundary can receive the information via the beacon frame transmitted by the relay STA (i.e., the beacon frame received by the relay STA from the AP or the beacon frame generated based on the beacon frame).

[0172] As another example, information about the UL reception interval of the relay STA may be transmitted through a probe response frame or a (re)association response frame. As another example, information about the UL reception interval of the relay STA may be transmitted by being included in an element related to a relay operation (e.g., a relay operation element) or a parameter related to a relay operation (e.g., a relay operation parameter field) included in a beacon frame, a probe response frame, or a (re)association response frame.

[0173] The field / information for indicating the UL reception period of the relay STA may be configured to include at least one of the following information. Here, for example, the field for indicating the UL reception period of the relay STA may be referred to as a Relay STA reception duration field. Alternatively, the information for indicating the UL reception period of the relay STA may be referred to as relay UL zone information.

[0174] - Information identifier

[0175] As an identifier for a UL reception section, it can indicate whether the UL reception section of a relay STA was set through a request from the relay STA or was set by the AP without a request.

[0176] - Start time

[0177] It may consist of information about the start time of the UL reception interval, and may be in units of us, for example.

[0178] Additionally, the start time of the UL reception interval can be set based on the TSF (timing synchronization function) timer of the AP.

[0179] - End time or duration or size

[0180] It may consist of information about the end time of the UL reception interval or the time interval / size of the UL reception interval, and may be configured in units of us, for example.

[0181] Additionally, if the end time of the UL reception interval is indicated, the end time of the UL reception interval can be set based on the TSF timer of the AP.

[0182] - Period

[0183] It can indicate information about the period of the reception section of the relay STA within the beacon interval.

[0184] As described above, the relay STA UL reception interval announced by the AP through a beacon frame, probe response frame, or (re)association response frame can be set as follows.

[0185] - The UL reception section of the Relay STA can be set after the beacon frame is transmitted.

[0186] - The UL reception interval of the Relay STA can be set to one or more within the beacon frame interval. If multiple UL reception intervals of the Relay STA are set within the beacon frame interval, the UL reception intervals of the Relay STA can be set periodically within the beacon frame interval.

[0187] - The UL reception section of the relay STA can be set within the target wake time (TWT) for relay operation.

[0188] As another example, for aggregated UL relay transmission to non-AP STAs, the AP can use a trigger frame to indicate the UL reception interval of the relay STA.

[0189] An AP may transmit a trigger frame to indicate to a relay STA the UL reception interval for UL aggregated transmission, in which case the trigger frame may be configured to include the following information:

[0190] The user information field of the trigger frame may be configured to include the AID or relay STA ID of the relay STA.

[0191] The user information field including the AID or relay STA ID of the relay STA may be configured to include a field for indicating a UL reception period (e.g., a reception duration field), and the field may be configured to include at least one of the following information.

[0192] - Information identifier

[0193] As an identifier for a UL reception section, it can indicate whether the UL reception section of a relay STA was set through a request from the relay STA or was set by the AP without a request.

[0194] - Start time

[0195] It may consist of information about the start time of the UL reception interval, and may be in units of us, for example.

[0196] Additionally, the start time of the UL reception interval can be set based on the TSF (timing synchronization function) timer of the AP.

[0197] - End time or duration or size

[0198] It may consist of information about the end time of the UL reception interval or the time interval / size of the UL reception interval, and may be configured in units of us, for example.

[0199] Additionally, if the end time of the UL reception interval is indicated, the end time of the UL reception interval can be set based on the TSF timer of the AP.

[0200] - Period

[0201] It can indicate information about the period of the reception section of the relay STA within the beacon interval.

[0202] A relay STA that receives a trigger frame defined / configured as above from an AP can broadcast information about the UL reception interval after a certain period of time (e.g., after SIFS).

[0203] A frame broadcast by a relay STA (e.g., a beacon frame) may be transmitted including i) relay STA ID or AID and / or ii) relay UL zone information or reception section information.

[0204] Relay UL zone information or reception section information may include at least one of the following:

[0205] - Information identifier

[0206] As an identifier for a UL reception section, it can indicate whether the UL reception section of a relay STA was set through a request from the relay STA or was set by the AP without a request.

[0207] - Start time

[0208] It may consist of information about the start time of the UL reception interval, and may be in units of us, for example.

[0209] Additionally, the start time of the UL reception interval can be set based on the TSF (timing synchronization function) timer of the AP.

[0210] - End time or duration or size

[0211] It may consist of information about the end time of the UL reception interval or the time interval / size of the UL reception interval, and may be configured in units of us, for example.

[0212] Additionally, if the end time of the UL reception interval is indicated, the end time of the UL reception interval can be set based on the TSF timer of the AP.

[0213] - Period

[0214] It can indicate information about the period of the reception section of the relay STA within the beacon interval.

[0215] A relay STA receives signals or frames transmitted from non-AP STA(s) during a UL reception interval established through negotiation or capability exchange with the AP, and may perform the following procedures to transmit the received signals / frame(s) to the AP.

[0216] When the UL reception period expires, the relay STA can transmit the signals received from non-AP STA(s) during the reception period to the AP after a certain period of time (e.g., after SIFS / XIFS).

[0217] In this case, since the received signal is transmitted to the AP after a certain period of time (e.g., after SIFS / XIFS), the relay STA can avoid unnecessary channel contention for channel access, which has the advantage of preventing delay due to channel access.

[0218] Additionally, the relay STA can transmit signals received from non-AP STA(s) to the AP at once during the reception period.

[0219] An AP that receives a signal from a relay STA can transmit an ACK / BA (block ACK) for the received signal to the relay STA.

[0220] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an uplink merged transmission method through relay operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0221] Referring to FIG. 10, a relay STA can receive signals / frames received from a non-AP STA during the (UL) reception period.

[0222] When the (UL) reception period ends, the relay STA can merge signals / frames received from non-AP STAs during the (UL) reception period and transmit the merged frame (or merged management frame) to the AP (e.g., after SIFS after the reception period ends). When the relay STA receives an acknowledgment (ACK) or a BA frame for the merged frame (or merged management frame) from the AP (e.g., after SIFS after transmitting the merged frame), the relay STA can transmit the ACK or BA frame to the non-AP STA(s) (e.g., after SIFS after receiving the ACK / BA frame). Here, the relay STA can individually transmit the ACK frame to each non-AP STA. Alternatively, the relay STA can transmit ACK information to all non-AP STAs that have transmitted the signal / frame at once. For example, the ACK information can be transmitted to each non-AP STA using a Multi-STA BlockAck / BA frame.

[0223] Non-AP STA(s) that have transmitted a signal / frame to the relay STA can recognize that the signal / frame they transmitted has been transmitted to the AP by receiving the ACK or BA frame transmitted by the relay STA.

[0224] After transmitting an ACK or BA frame, the AP can transmit a response frame for the merged frame (or merged management frame) received from the relay STA to a non-AP STA through the relay STA.

[0225] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an uplink merged transmission method through relay operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0226] Referring to FIG. 11, unlike FIG. 10, the relay STA may transmit an ACK or BA frame for a signal / frame received from a non-AP STA during the reception period to the non-AP STA. In this case, the relay STA may transmit an ACK or BA frame to each non-AP STA. The non-AP STA may know that the signal / frame transmitted by the non-AP STA has been transmitted to the relay STA through the ACK or BA frame transmitted by the relay STA.

[0227] Although not shown in FIG. 11, as another example, ACK information for a received signal / frame may be transmitted to all non-AP STAs that transmitted the signal / frame at once before the end of the reception period, for example, ACK information may be transmitted to each non-AP STA using a Multi-STA BlockAck / BA frame.

[0228] When the (UL) reception period ends, the relay STA can merge signals / frames received from non-AP STAs during the (UL) reception period and transmit the merged frame (or merged management frame) to the AP (e.g., after SIFS after the reception period ends). The AP that receives the merged frame (or merged management frame) can transmit an ACK or BA frame for the merged frame (or merged management frame) to the relay STA (e.g., after SIFS after receiving the merged frame). In Fig. 11, since the relay STA has transmitted an ACK or BA frame for the signal / frame(s) to non-AP STA(s) within the (UL) reception period, the ACK or BA frame received from the AP is not transmitted to the non-AP STA(s).

[0229] After transmitting an ACK or BA frame, the AP can transmit a response frame for the merged frame (or merged management frame) received from the relay STA to a non-AP STA through the relay STA.

[0230] Example 2: Merged uplink frame format for relay operation

[0231] A relay STA that receives signals / frames from multiple non-AP STAs through the UL reception section can transmit signals using the following merged frame format in order to merge them and transmit them to the AP.

[0232] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a merged A-MPDU frame format according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0233] Referring to FIG. 12, an aggregated frame for transmitting data / frames received from multiple non-AP STAs can be configured by combining A-MPDUs (aggregate MAC protocol data units) (a structure that includes one or more MPDUs and is transmitted by the physical layer as a single PSDU (PHY service data unit))(s) (e.g., A-MPDU_1, A-MPDU_2, ..., A-MPDU_n). In this case, the A-MPDU frame format can be reused, and each combined A-MPDU can be transmitted with a different transmission address (TA: transmitter address or transmitting station address). In the case of FIG. 12, the TA of A-MPDU_1 can be set to STA1, the TA of A-MPDU_2 can be set to STA2, ..., the TA of A-MPDU_n can be set to STAn, and so on.

[0234] Here, each A-MPDU included in the merged frame is configured to include an EOF (end-of-frame) padding field, and may be configured to include one or more A-MPDU subframes set to the same TA value (for example, in the case of A-MPDU_1, it includes A-MPDU subframe 1, A-MPDU subframe 2, ..., A-MPDU subframe n, and EOF padding). For example, the EOF padding field may include 0 or 1 or more EOF padding subframes.

[0235] Here, in order to indicate (to the receiver) that A-MPDUs are continuous within the merged frame, the EOF padding subframe of the EOF padding field of each A-MPDU except the last A-MPDU may indicate the start of padding and the transmission of A-MPDUs consecutively by having the MPDU length field set to 0 and the EOF field set to 0 (e.g., an A-MPDU subframe with the MPDU length field set to 0 and the EOF field set to 0). In other words, it may indicate that the current A-MPDU is terminated and that a subsequent A-MPDU will follow.

[0236] Additionally, A-MPDU(s) included (or transmitted sequentially) within a single merged frame may have the same TA or may be set to different TAs. In other words, they may all be formed based on frames / data transmitted from the same non-STA, or they may all be formed based on frames / data transmitted from different non-STAs.

[0237] Additionally, only some of the A-MPDUs included in the merged A-MPDU (or transmitted consecutively) may have the same TA set. In this case, for example, A-MPDU(s) including the same TA field value may be configured consecutively. In other words, multiple A-MPDUs for a specific non-STA may be configured due to various reasons (e.g., the size of the frame / data transmitted from a specific non-STA is large).

[0238] Each A-MPDU subframe may be configured to include an MPDU delimiter, an MPDU, and padding. In order to indicate that the above-described A-MPDU is a combined frame format, the value of the Delimiter Signature field in the MPDU delimiter included in the A-MPDU subframe may be used. For example, for an indication of a merged A-MPDU, a specific value among the values ​​of the Delimiter Signature field / pattern consisting of 8 bits may be defined / set and used to indicate the corresponding frame format (e.g., a frame format in which multiple A-MPDUs are merged).

[0239] For example, the ACSII value of the letter "M" may be set and used to indicate the corresponding frame format (e.g., a frame format in which multiple A-MPDUs are merged). However, this is only an example for convenience of explanation, and the corresponding frame format may be indicated by using a value representing a different, unique pattern.

[0240] Alternatively, it may be configured differently from the merged A-MPDU frame format described above.

[0241] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a merged A-MPDU frame format according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0242] Referring to FIG. 13, unlike the example of FIG. 12, the A-MPDU(s) (e.g., A-MPDU_1, A-MPDU_2, ..., A-MPDU_n) included in the merged A-MPDU frame may be configured without including EOF padding, except for the last A-MPDU.

[0243] Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 13, each A-MPDU(s) included in (or transmitted sequentially) a merged A-MPDU may have the same TA or may be set to different TAs. In other words, they may all be configured based on frames / data transmitted from the same non-STA, or they may all be configured based on frames / data transmitted from different non-STAs.

[0244] Additionally, only some of the A-MPDUs included in the merged A-MPDU (or transmitted consecutively) may have the same TA set. In this case, for example, A-MPDU(s) including the same TA field value may be configured consecutively. In other words, multiple A-MPDUs for a specific non-STA may be configured due to various reasons (e.g., the size of the frame / data transmitted from a specific non-STA is large).

[0245] In the case of A-MPDUs (in the case of FIG. 13, the last A-MPDU subframe of A-MPDU_1) configured including the same TA field value, the EOF field is set to 1 to indicate that the subframe for the corresponding TA field is the last or the end, and the MPDU length can be set to the length of the transmitted data or frame other than 0. Through this setting, the AP that receives the merged A-MPDU frame format can know that the signal / frame transmitted from a specific TA has ended and can know that signals transmitted from other TAs are received continuously thereafter.

[0246] Each A-MPDU subframe may be configured to include an MPDU delimiter, an MPDU, and padding. In order to indicate that the above-described A-MPDU is a combined frame format, the value of the Delimiter Signature field in the MPDU delimiter included in the A-MPDU subframe may be used. For example, for an indication of a merged A-MPDU, a specific value among the values ​​of the Delimiter Signature field / pattern consisting of 8 bits may be defined / set and used to indicate the corresponding frame format (e.g., a frame format in which multiple A-MPDUs are merged).

[0247] For example, the ACSII value of the letter "M" may be set and used to indicate the corresponding frame format (e.g., a frame format in which multiple A-MPDUs are merged). However, this is only an example for convenience of explanation, and the corresponding frame format may be indicated by using a value representing a different, unique pattern.

[0248] Alternatively, it may be configured differently from the merged A-MPDU frame format described above.

[0249] FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an A-MPDU frame format according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0250] Referring to FIG. 14, data / frames received from each non-AP STA can be configured as A-MPDU subframes, and based on the A-MPDU subframes, one A-MPDU can be configured, and an A-MPDU frame format can be configured as shown in FIG. 14.

[0251] Here, each A-MPDU subframe(s) included in the A-MPDU frame format (or transmitted continuously) may have the same TA or may be set to different TAs. In other words, they may all be configured based on frames / data transmitted from the same non-STA, or they may all be configured based on frames / data transmitted from different non-STAs.

[0252] Additionally, only some of the A-MPDU subframes included in the A-MPDU frame format (or transmitted continuously) may have the same TA set. In this case, for example, A-MPDU subframe(s) including the same TA field value may be configured continuously. In other words, multiple A-MPDU subframes may be configured for a specific non-STA due to various reasons (e.g., because the size of the frame / data transmitted from a specific non-STA is large).

[0253] Each A-MPDU subframe may be configured to include an MPDU delimiter, an MPDU, and padding. To indicate the above-described A-MPDU frame format, the value of the Delimiter Signature field in the MPDU delimiter included in the A-MPDU subframe may be used. For example, to indicate a new A-MPDU format, a specific value among the values ​​of the Delimiter Signature field / pattern consisting of 8 bits may be defined / set and used to indicate the corresponding frame format.

[0254] For example, the ACSII value of the letter "M" may be set and used to indicate the corresponding frame format. However, this is only an example for convenience of explanation, and the corresponding frame format may be indicated by using a value representing a different, unique pattern.

[0255] As described above (see FIGS. 12 to 14), in order for the relay STA to transmit data / frames received from multiple non-AP STAs to the AP at once, the data / frames for each non-AP STA that are merged / included in the configured merged A-MPDU frame format or the new A-MPDU frame format may be configured in different frame formats.

[0256] For example, a merged A-MPDU frame format or a new A-MPDU frame format may be configured by combining / including one or more of control frames, management frames, or data frames received from different non-AP STAs.

[0257] For example, a merged A-MPDU frame format or a new A-MPDU frame format transmitted by a relay STA to an AP may be configured and transmitted to include a probe request frame received from a specific non-AP STA and a data frame received from another specific non-AP STA. However, this is only one example for convenience of explanation, and the merged A-MPDU frame format or the new A-MPDU frame format may be configured to include various frame formats received from non-STAs.

[0258] FIG. 15 illustrates the operation of a first station for a method for relay operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0259] Figure 15 illustrates the operation of a first STA device (e.g., a relay STA device) based on the previously proposed methods. The example in Figure 15 is provided for convenience of explanation and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure. Some of the step(s) illustrated in Figure 15 may be omitted depending on the circumstances and / or settings.

[0260] Referring to FIG. 15, the first STA device receives multiple frames from multiple STAs (S1501).

[0261] Here, the plurality of frames may include at least one of a data frame, a control frame, and / or a management frame. That is, the plurality of frames are not limited to a specific type of frame and may correspond to various types of frames.

[0262] Meanwhile, although not illustrated in FIG. 15, the first STA device may receive information about the reception interval from the AP device. In this case, the plurality of frames may be received within the reception interval.

[0263] Here, the information about the reception section may include at least one of information identifying whether the reception section is set by a request of the first STA, information about the time of the reception section, information about the end time of the reception section, and information about the period of the reception section.

[0264] Additionally, the first STA device may transmit second response frames (e.g., an ACK frame or a Multi-STA BlockAck / BA frame) to the multiple STAs in response to the multiple frames within the reception interval. Alternatively, the first STA device may transmit a third response frame (e.g., an ACK frame or a Multi-STA BlockAck / BA frame) to the multiple STAs in response to the multiple frames after receiving the first response frame.

[0265] Additionally, the reception section may be transmitted via a beacon frame, a probe response frame, an association response frame, or a trigger frame.

[0266] Additionally, the reception interval may be set after transmission of the beacon frame, or periodically within the beacon interval, or within the target wake time for relay operation.

[0267] The first STA device transmits a combined frame generated based on a plurality of received frames to the AP device (S1502).

[0268] Here, at least one data unit among the data units corresponding to the plurality of frames within the combined frame may be set to a different TA (i.e., a TA field value).

[0269] For example, the data units may be A-MPDUs, and each of the data units may include one or more A-MPDU subframes and end-of-frame (EOF) padding. Both the EOF field and the MPDU length field in the end-of-frame (EOF) padding may be set to 0, thereby indicating that the current A-MPDU is terminated (e.g., a frame / signal set to a specific TA is terminated) and then another A-MPDU is started. In addition, each of the one or more A-MPDU subframes may include an MPDU delimiter, an MPDU, and padding, and a format of the combined frame (i.e., a frame format in which multiple A-MPDUs are combined) may be indicated by a delimiter signature value in the MPDU delimiter.

[0270] As another example, the data units may be A-MPDUs, the A-MPDUs may include one or more A-MPDU subframes, and the last A-MPDU may further include EOF padding (i.e., include one or more A-MPDU subframes and EOF padding). Here, the EOF field in the last A-MPDU subframe of each of the A-MPDUs may be set to 1 and the MPDU length field may be set to a non-zero value, thereby indicating that the current A-MPDU is terminated (e.g., a frame / signal set to a specific TA is terminated) and that another A-MPDU is started. In addition, each of the one or more A-MPDU subframes may include an MPDU delimiter, an MPDU, and padding, and the format of the combined frame (i.e., a frame format in which multiple A-MPDUs are combined) may be indicated by a delimiter signature value in the MPDU delimiter.

[0271] As another example, the data units may be A-MPDU subframes, and each of the A-MPDU subframes may include an MPDU delimiter, an MPDU, and padding. In addition, each of the A-MPDU subframes may include an MPDU delimiter, an MPDU, and padding, and the format of the combined frame (i.e., an A-MPDU frame format in which multiple MPDUs are combined) may be indicated by a delimiter signature value in the MPDU delimiter.

[0272] The first STA device receives a first response frame (e.g., an ACK frame or a BA frame) in response to the combined frame from the AP (S1503).

[0273] A PPDU including / carrying multiple frames, combined frames and / or response frames in steps S1501 to S1503 may be configured to include a legacy-part, a SIG-part (e.g., U-SIG, UHR-SIG, etc.), an STF-part (e.g., UHR-STF), an LTF-part (e.g., UHR-LTF), and a data-part.

[0274] All or part of any part (i.e., field) may be divided into multiple sub-parts / sub-fields. Each field (and its sub-fields) may be transmitted in units of 4us * N (where N is an integer). Additionally, a guard interval (GI) may be included. A common subcarrier frequency spacing value (delta_f=312.5 kHz / N or 312.5 kHz * N, where N=integer) may be applied to all of the fields, or a first delta_f may be applied to the first part (e.g., all legacy part, all / part of SIG part), and a second delta_f (e.g., a value smaller than the first delta_f) may be applied to all / part of the remaining parts.

[0275] Some of the fields described above may be omitted, and the order of the fields may be changed in various ways. For example, the subfields of the signal part may be placed before the STF part, and the remaining subfields of the SIG part may be placed after the STF part.

[0276] The legacy portion described above may include at least one of a conventional L-STF (Non-HT Short Training Field), L-LTF (Non-HT Long Training Field), and L-SIG (Non-HT Signal Field).

[0277] The SIG portion described above (e.g., including the U-SIG field, UHR-SIG field, etc.) may include various control information for the transmitted PPDU. For example, it may include the STF portion, the LTF portion, and control information for decoding data.

[0278] The above-described STF-part (e.g., the U-STF field) may contain an STF sequence.

[0279] The above-described LTF-part (e.g., U-LTF field) may include a training field (i.e., LTF sequence) for channel estimation.

[0280] The data portion described above may include user data and may include packets (e.g., MPDUs) for upper layers. In particular, the data portion of the combined frame may include multiple data units (e.g., multiple A-MPDUs or multiple A-MPDU subframes).

[0281] The method described in the example of FIG. 15 may be performed by the first device (100) of FIG. 1. For example, one or more processors (102) of the first device (100) of FIG. 1 may be configured to perform PPDU exchange with other devices via transceiver(s) (106). Furthermore, one or more memories (104) of the first device (100) may store commands for performing the method described in the example of FIG. 15 or the examples described above when executed by one or more processors (102).

[0282] FIG. 16 illustrates the operation of an access point for a method for relay operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0283] Figure 16 illustrates the operation of an AP device based on the previously proposed methods. The example in Figure 16 is provided for convenience of explanation and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure. Some of the steps illustrated in Figure 16 may be omitted depending on the circumstances and / or settings.

[0284] Referring to FIG. 16, the AP device receives one combined frame from the first STA device (S1601).

[0285] Here, the combined frame may be generated based on a plurality of frames received from a plurality of STAs. Here, the plurality of frames may include at least one of a data frame, a control frame, and / or a management frame. That is, the plurality of frames are not limited to a specific type of frame and may correspond to various types of frames.

[0286] Meanwhile, although not illustrated in FIG. 16, the AP may transmit information about the reception interval to the first STA device. In this case, the plurality of frames may be transmitted within the reception interval.

[0287] Here, the information about the reception section may include at least one of information identifying whether the reception section is set by a request of the first STA, information about the time of the reception section, information about the end time of the reception section, and information about the period of the reception section.

[0288] Additionally, the first STA device may transmit second response frames (e.g., an ACK frame or a Multi-STA BlockAck / BA frame) to the multiple STAs in response to the multiple frames within the reception interval. Alternatively, the first STA device may transmit a third response frame (e.g., an ACK frame or a Multi-STA BlockAck / BA frame) to the multiple STAs in response to the multiple frames after receiving the first response frame.

[0289] Additionally, the reception section may be transmitted via a beacon frame, a probe response frame, an association response frame, or a trigger frame.

[0290] Additionally, the reception interval may be set after transmission of the beacon frame, or periodically within the beacon interval, or within the target wake time for relay operation.

[0291] Additionally, at least one data unit among the data units corresponding to the plurality of frames within the combined frame may be set to a different TA (i.e., a TA field value).

[0292] For example, the data units may be A-MPDUs, and each of the data units may include one or more A-MPDU subframes and end-of-frame (EOF) padding. Both the EOF field and the MPDU length field in the end-of-frame (EOF) padding may be set to 0, thereby indicating that the current A-MPDU is terminated (e.g., a frame / signal set to a specific TA is terminated) and then another A-MPDU is started. In addition, each of the one or more A-MPDU subframes may include an MPDU delimiter, an MPDU, and padding, and a format of the combined frame (i.e., a frame format in which multiple A-MPDUs are combined) may be indicated by a delimiter signature value in the MPDU delimiter.

[0293] As another example, the data units may be A-MPDUs, the A-MPDUs may include one or more A-MPDU subframes, and the last A-MPDU may further include EOF padding (i.e., include one or more A-MPDU subframes and EOF padding). Here, the EOF field in the last A-MPDU subframe of each of the A-MPDUs may be set to 1 and the MPDU length field may be set to a non-zero value, thereby indicating that the current A-MPDU is terminated (e.g., a frame / signal set to a specific TA is terminated) and that another A-MPDU is started. In addition, each of the one or more A-MPDU subframes may include an MPDU delimiter, an MPDU, and padding, and the format of the combined frame (i.e., a frame format in which multiple A-MPDUs are combined) may be indicated by a delimiter signature value in the MPDU delimiter.

[0294] As another example, the data units may be A-MPDU subframes, and each of the A-MPDU subframes may include an MPDU delimiter, an MPDU, and padding. In addition, each of the A-MPDU subframes may include an MPDU delimiter, an MPDU, and padding, and the format of the combined frame (i.e., an A-MPDU frame format in which multiple MPDUs are combined) may be indicated by a delimiter signature value in the MPDU delimiter.

[0295] The AP device transmits a first response frame (e.g., an ACK frame or a BA frame) to the first STA in response to the combined frame (S1602).

[0296] A PPDU including / carrying multiple frames, combined frames and / or response frames in steps S1601 to S1602 may be configured to include a legacy-part, a SIG-part (e.g., U-SIG, UHR-SIG, etc.), an STF-part (e.g., UHR-STF), an LTF-part (e.g., UHR-LTF), and a data-part.

[0297] All or part of any part (i.e., field) may be divided into multiple sub-parts / sub-fields. Each field (and its sub-fields) may be transmitted in units of 4us * N (where N is an integer). Additionally, a guard interval (GI) may be included. A common subcarrier frequency spacing value (delta_f=312.5 kHz / N or 312.5 kHz * N, where N=integer) may be applied to all of the fields, or a first delta_f may be applied to the first part (e.g., all legacy part, all / part of SIG part), and a second delta_f (e.g., a value smaller than the first delta_f) may be applied to all / part of the remaining parts.

[0298] Some of the fields described above may be omitted, and the order of the fields may be changed in various ways. For example, the subfields of the signal part may be placed before the STF part, and the remaining subfields of the SIG part may be placed after the STF part.

[0299] The legacy portion described above may include at least one of a conventional L-STF (Non-HT Short Training Field), L-LTF (Non-HT Long Training Field), and L-SIG (Non-HT Signal Field).

[0300] The SIG portion described above (e.g., including the U-SIG field, UHR-SIG field, etc.) may include various control information for the transmitted PPDU. For example, it may include the STF portion, the LTF portion, and control information for decoding data.

[0301] The above-described STF-part (e.g., the U-STF field) may contain an STF sequence.

[0302] The above-described LTF-part (e.g., U-LTF field) may include a training field (i.e., LTF sequence) for channel estimation.

[0303] The data portion described above may include user data and may include packets (e.g., MPDUs) for upper layers. In particular, the data portion of the combined frame may include multiple data units (e.g., multiple A-MPDUs or multiple A-MPDU subframes).

[0304] The method described in the example of FIG. 16 may be performed by the second device (200) of FIG. 1. For example, one or more processors (202) of the second device (200) of FIG. 1 may be configured to perform PPDU exchange with other devices via transceivers (206). Furthermore, one or more memories (204) of the second device (200) may store commands for performing the method described in the example of FIG. 16 or the examples described above when executed by one or more processors (202).

[0305] In existing wireless LAN systems, a method for setting a time interval to support relay operations for STAs outside the coverage area of ​​an AP has not been defined. In contrast, the method for relay operations according to the examples of the present disclosure allows the AP to set a time interval for relay operations, thereby protecting the transmission and reception of signals / data through relay transmission and reducing interference to hidden STAs. Furthermore, signal transmission delay can be reduced by combining frames for multiple STAs and transmitting them to the AP as a single frame. Consequently, relay transmission can be performed efficiently, thereby achieving the effect of increasing wireless communication efficiency.

[0306] The embodiments described above are combinations of components and features of the present disclosure in a predetermined form. Each component or feature should be considered optional unless explicitly stated otherwise. Each component or feature may be implemented without being combined with other components or features. Furthermore, it is also possible to form embodiments of the present disclosure by combining some components and / or features. The order of operations described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be changed. Some components or features of one embodiment may be included in another embodiment or may be replaced with corresponding components or features of another embodiment. It is self-evident that claims that do not have an explicit citation relationship in the patent claims may be combined to form embodiments or incorporated as new claims through post-application amendments.

[0307] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the essential characteristics thereof. Therefore, the above detailed description should not be construed as limiting in any respect, but rather as illustrative. The scope of the present disclosure should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the scope of equivalents of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0308] The scope of the present disclosure includes software or machine-executable instructions (e.g., an operating system, an application, firmware, a program, etc.) that cause operations according to the methods of various embodiments to be executed on a device or a computer, and a non-transitory computer-readable medium having such software or instructions stored thereon and executable on the device or computer. Instructions that can be used to program a processing system to perform the features described in the present disclosure can be stored on / in a storage medium or a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product including such a storage medium can be used to implement the features described in the present disclosure. The storage medium can include, but is not limited to, high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solid state memory devices, and can include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices. The memory optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from the processor(s). The memory or, alternatively, the non-volatile memory device(s) within the memory comprise a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The features described in this disclosure may be incorporated into software and / or firmware stored on any of the machine-readable media, which may control the hardware of the processing system and allow the processing system to interact with other mechanisms that utilize results according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Such software or firmware may include, but is not limited to, application code, device drivers, operating systems, and execution environments / containers.

[0309] The method proposed in this disclosure has been described with a focus on examples applied to IEEE 802.11-based systems, but can be applied to various wireless LANs or wireless communication systems in addition to IEEE 802.11-based systems.

Claims

1. A step of receiving a plurality of frames from a plurality of STAs by a first station (STA: station); A step of transmitting a combined frame generated based on the plurality of frames to an access point (AP) by the first STA; and A step of receiving, by the first STA, a first response frame from the AP in response to the combined frame, A method wherein at least one data unit among the data units corresponding to the plurality of frames within the combined frame is set to a different transmitting address (TA).

2. In paragraph 1, The above data units are aggregated MAC (medium access control) protocol units (A-MPDUs), A method wherein each of the above A-MPDUs includes one or more A-MPDU subframes and end-of-frame (EOF) padding.

3. In paragraph 2, A method in which both the EOF field and the MPDU length field in the above EOF (end-of-frame) padding are set to 0.

4. In paragraph 2, Each of the above one or more A-MPDU subframes includes an MPDU delimiter, an MPDU, and padding, A method wherein the format of the combined frame is indicated by a delimiter signature value in the MPDU delimiter.

5. In paragraph 1, The above data units are A-MPDUs, The above A-MPDUs contain one or more A-MPDU subframes, The last A-MPDU contains additional EOF padding.

6. In paragraph 5, A method wherein the EOF field in the last A-MPDU subframe of each above A-MPDU is set to 1 and the MPDU length field is set to a non-zero value.

7. In paragraph 1, The above data units are A-MPDU subframes, A method wherein each of the above A-MPDU subframes includes an MPDU delimiter, an MPDU, and padding.

8. In paragraph 1, A method wherein said plurality of frames include at least one of a data frame, a control frame and / or a management frame.

9. In paragraph 1, Further comprising a step of receiving information about a reception section from the AP by the first STA, A method wherein the above plurality of frames are received within the above receiving interval.

10. In paragraph 9, A method wherein the information about the reception interval includes at least one of information identifying whether the reception interval is set by a request of the first STA, information about the time of the reception interval, information about the end time of the reception interval, and information about the period of the reception interval.

11. In paragraph 9, A method further comprising the step of transmitting, by the first STA, second response frames to the plurality of STAs in response to the plurality of frames within the reception interval.

12. In paragraph 9, A method further comprising the step of transmitting, by the first STA, a third response frame to the plurality of STAs in response to the plurality of frames after receiving the first response frame.

13. In paragraph 9, A method wherein the above receiving section is transmitted via a beacon frame, a probe response frame, an association response frame, or a trigger frame.

14. In paragraph 13, A method wherein the above receiving interval is set after transmission of a beacon frame, or periodically set within a beacon interval, or set within a target wake time for relay operation.

15. The first station (STA: station) device is: one or more transmitters and receivers; and comprising one or more processors coupled to said one or more transceivers; One or more of the above processors: Receive multiple frames from multiple STAs, Transmitting a combined frame generated based on the above multiple frames to an access point (AP), and is set to receive a first response frame in response to the combined frame from the AP; A first STA device, wherein at least one data unit among the data units corresponding to the plurality of frames within the combined frame is set to a different transmitting address (TA).

16. A step of receiving a combined frame from a first station (STA: station) by an access point (AP: access point), wherein the combined frame is generated based on a plurality of frames received from a plurality of STAs; and comprising a step of transmitting, by the AP, to the first STA, a first response frame in response to the combined frame; A method wherein at least one data unit among the data units corresponding to the plurality of frames within the combined frame is set to a different transmitting address (TA).

17. Access point (AP) device: one or more transmitters and receivers; and comprising one or more processors coupled to said one or more transceivers; One or more of the above processors: Receive a combined frame from a first station (STA: station), wherein the combined frame is generated based on a plurality of frames received from a plurality of STAs, and To the first STA, a first response frame is set to be transmitted in response to the combined frame, An AP device, wherein at least one data unit among the data units corresponding to the plurality of frames within the combined frame is set to a different transmitting address (TA).

18. In a processing device configured to control a station (STA: station) in a wireless LAN system, the processing device: one or more processors; and A processing device comprising one or more computer memories operatively connected to said one or more processors and storing instructions that, when executed by said one or more processors, perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

19. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions, A computer-readable medium, wherein said one or more commands are executed by one or more processors to control a device in a wireless LAN system to perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

Images