Immobilization system

Abstract

Methods, devices, and systems for immobilization of a target are provided. One or more operations may be performed by at least one unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Each UAV of the at least one UAV may comprise a respective payload coupled to the UAV. The payload may be configured to deploy at least two first projectiles configured to provide a stimulus signal. Alternately or additionally, the payload may be configured to deploy at least one second projectile. The at least one second projectile may comprise a restraining material. In some embodiments, two UAVs comprising respective payloads may be provided.

Description

IMMOBILIZATION SYSTEMFIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] Embodiments according to various aspects of the present disclosure relate to systems, methods, and / or devices usable to de-escalate an event. Particularly, various embodiments relate to systems, devices, and methods for immobilizing a target using at least one unmanned aerial vehicle.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0002] The subject matter of the present disclosure is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the concluding portion of the specification. A more complete understanding of the present disclosure, however, may best be obtained by referring to the detailed description and claims when considered in connection with the following illustrative figures. In the following figures, like reference numbers refer to similar elements and steps throughout the figures.

[0003] FIG. 1 illustrates an immobilization system, in accordance with various embodiments described herein;

[0004] FIG. 2 illustrates an unmanned aerial vehicle in accordance with various embodiments described herein;

[0005] FIG. 3 illustrates steps for immobilizing a target in accordance with various embodiments;

[0006] FIGs. 4A-4B illustrate an immobilization system in different states in accordance with various embodiments described herein; and

[0007] FIG. 5 illustrates a method for determining a target location in accordance with various embodiments described herein.

[0008] Elements and steps in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been rendered according to any particular sequence. For example, steps that may be performed concurrently or in different order are illustrated in the figures to help to improve understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure.DESCRIPTION

[0009] Different physical environments present different challenges to physical security of persons that desire to enter such environments. For example, a confined space may limit an extentto which a person may avoid a physical threat upon entering the space. A large space may limit a speed at which a person may assess sections of the space for threats to physical security. Certain environments may present combinations of such challenges. For example, an underground tunnel may present physical security challenges associated with both a confined space and a large space. Embodiments according to various aspects of the present disclosure enable various physical environments to be assessed for threats while maintaining physical security of a person that desires to enter such physical environments.

[0010] In embodiments, an immobilization system configured to restrain a target is provided. The physical threat may comprise a person that presents a physical threat to another person. For example, the target may comprise a person. The person may possess a weapon, such as a firearm or knife. The immobilization system may enable de-escalation of the physical threat posed by the target. In embodiments, the immobilization system may enable the target to be safely disposed in a de-escalated state for a period of time. The period of time may enable the environment or space in which the target is located to be analyzed for further physical threats and / or enable a user of the immobilization system to approach the target. The period of time may enable additional and / or alternative devices to be used to detail the target and / or transfer the target to a secure location.

[0011] In embodiments, an immobilization system may comprise at least one unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with a respective payload. The payload may be selectively removable from the UAV. Alternately, the payload may be or integrally coupled to the UAV. The payload may be electrically coupled to the UAV. For example, the payload may be electrically coupled to receive power from a power supply integrated in the UAV. The payload may be further alternately or additionally communicatively coupled with the UAV. For example, the payload may receive one or more activation signals from the UAV. In other embodiments, the payload may be communicatively coupled to a remote computing device separately from, or independent of, the UAV. The payload may be configured to deploy at least one projectile configured to immobilize a target. Deploying the payload may comprise launching the at least one projectile from the payload.

[0012] In embodiments, a payload of a UAV of an immobilization system may comprise a conducted electrical weapon. The conducted electrical weapon may be configured to electrically inhibit movement of a target. The conducted electrical weapon may be configured to deploy at least two electrodes toward a target. The electrodes may each comprise wire-tethered electrodes.A wire of each wire-tethered electrode may be coupled to the electrode at a first end and a signal generator at a second end. Upon electrical coupling of the at least two electrodes to a target, the signal generator may be configured to provide a stimulus signal to the target. The stimulus signal may be provided via an electrical path comprising at least one first wire and first electrode of the at least two electrodes, tissue of the target, and at least one second wire and second electrode of the at least two electrodes. The stimulus signal may provide neuromuscular incapacitation of the target. For example, the stimulus signal may be sufficient to prevent voluntary movement of one or more leg muscles of the target, thereby preventing locomotion of the target. The target may be temporarily immobilized while the electrical stimulus signal is applied from the conducted electrical weapon.

[0013] In embodiments, a stimulus signal may be delivered via electrodes deployed from a payload for a period of time. The period of time may be limited for various reasons. For example, the period of time may be limited in accordance with a power supply of the payload and / or UAV from which the electrodes may be deployed. The power supply may be insufficient for delivering the stimulus signal for durations greater than the period of time. In embodiments, the stimulus signal may be delivered for equal or less than 5 seconds, 15 seconds, 30 seconds, or 45 seconds.

[0014] In embodiments, a payload of a UAV of an immobilization system may comprise a restraint launcher. The restraint launcher may be configured to deploy one or more projectiles that immobile a target via a mechanical force. For example, the restraint launcher may be configured to deploy a restraining material. The restraining material may be configured to mechanically inhibit motion of a target. The restraining material may comprise an adhesive material. The restraining material may comprise an adhesive-based restraining material. In embodiments, the restraining material may comprise an adhesive foam material.

[0015] In embodiments, an immobilization system may comprise at least two UAVs. Each UAV of the at least two UAVs may comprise a different, respective payload. For example, a first UAV of a system may have a first payload comprising a conducted electrical weapon and a second UAV of the system may have a second payload comprising a restraining material deployment system. The payloads of each UAV of the system may be deployed toward a same target. In embodiments, the UAVs of the system may coordinate deployment of their respective payloads toward a target. In other embodiments, each of a conducted electrical weapon and restraining material deployment system may be deployed from a same, single UAV.

[0016] An example embodiment according to various aspects of the present disclosure, and with reference to FIG. 1-2, immobilization system 100 is provided. System 100 may be configured to disable target 160. System 100 may comprise at least first UAV 110 and at least second UAV 130. First UAV 110 may comprise first payload 120. Second UAV 130 may comprise second payload 140. System 100 may be configured to restrain target 160 via deployments from each of first payload 120 and second payload 140.

[0017] In embodiments, system 100 may comprise a remote control device. The remote control device may be configured to control one or more operations of a UAV. In some embodiments, the remote control device may comprise a remote computing device. For example, system 100 may comprise remote computing device 150. Remote computing device 150 may be in communication with one or more devices of system 100. For example, remote computing device 150 may communicate wirelessly with each of first UAV 110 and second UAV 130. The communication may be bidirectional. The communication may be conducted via short range wireless technology. The range of communication may be limited to 300 meter or less. For example, the communication may be conducted via one or more of BLUETOOTH, WI-FI, wide area network, and / or ultra-wideband technology. In other embodiments, remote computing device 150 may be in communication with first UAV 110 and / or second UAV 130 via long range wireless technology. For example, remote computing device 150 and one or more of first UAV 110 and second UAV 130 may be in communication via a cellular communication protocol in embodiments according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0018] Via wireless communication, each UAV of system 100 may provide information to remote computing device 150. For example, each of first UAV 110 and second UAV 130 may provide status information to remote computing device 150. Alternately or additionally, each of first UAV 110 and second UAV 130 may provide audio and / or video information. Each of first UAV 110 and / or second UAV 130 may comprise a microphone configured to capture audio information and / or a camera configured to capture video information regarding an environment in which each UAV is respectively located. Each of first UAV 110 and / or second UAV 130 may stream the audio information and / or video information to remote computing device 150. Remote computing device 150 may receive the stream of audio and / or video information and output the information for review by a user of system 100. For example, video information from one of first UAV 110 and / or second UAV 130 may be displayed via a display of remote computing device150 to allow a user of remote computing device 150 to visually analyze an environment in which first UAV 110 and / or second UAV 130 is positioned for security threats while remaining at a safe distance from the environment. In accordance with such status, audio, and / or video information, one or more subsequent operations to be performed by first UAV 110 and / or second UAV 130 may be determined.

[0019] In embodiments, a remote computing device of an immobilization system may be configured to control at least one UAV of the system. For example, remote computing device 150 may be configured to control each of first UAV 110 and second UAV 130. For example, remote computing device 150 may transmit one or more control signals to each of first UAV 110 and second UAV 130. The control signal may control movement of each of the respective UAVs. In accordance with a control signal provided by remote computing device 150, at least one of first UAV 110 and second UAV 130 may be selectively positioned at location(s) relative to target 160. In accordance with the control signal, first payload 120 and / or second payload 140 may be selectively oriented toward target 160. A control signal from remote computing device 150 to first UAV 110 or second UAV 130 may be processed and applied by first UAV 110 or second UAV 130 respectively to control the UAV itself, the respective payload of the UAV, or a combination of the UAV and its payload. In embodiments, remote computing device 150 may further transmit an activation signal to first UAV 110 to cause deployment of first payload 120. In embodiments, remote computing device 150 may also further transmit an activation signal to second UAV 130 to cause deployment of second payload 140.

[0020] In embodiments, two or more UAVs of system 100 may be in communication with each other. The communication may be direct. The communication may be wireless. For example, each UAV may comprise a communication interface by which information may be transmitted to another UAV and / or received from the other UAV. For example, first UAV 110 may be configured to transmit status information to second UAV 130. The status information may comprise, for example, a deployment state of first payload 120, an orientation of first payload 120, an orientation of first UAV 110, and or a target toward which first UAV 110 and / or first payload 120 is / are oriented. Status information comprising the target may include information identifying the target toward which first UAV 110 and / or first payload 120 is / are oriented. For example, the status information may indicate visual indicia associated with the target. In some embodiments, the status information may comprise an image representing a target toward which first UAV 110and / or first payload 120 is / are oriented. In embodiments, second UAV 130 may be configured to receive the status information from first UAV 110. In embodiments, and including as is further discussed below, second UAV 130 may receive status information from first UAV 110 prior to deployment of second payload 140.

[0021] In embodiments, target 160 may comprise a person. Prior to deployment of first payload 120, target 160 may be positioned in a first position 161 of target 160. First position 161 may comprise an orientation of target 160. First position 161 may comprise a physical orientation of a body of target 160. First position 161 may comprise an upright position. For example, target 160 may be standing or otherwise on foot prior to deployment of first payload 120. In some embodiments, target 160 may be disposed in first position 161 prior to deployment of second payload 140.

[0022] In embodiments, an immobilization system may comprise a UAV. The UAV may comprise a self-powered aerial device. For example, and with reference to FIG. 2, an immobilization system may comprise UAV 200. UAV 200 may comprise a drone. For example, UAV 200 may comprise a quadcopter. A UAV may be remotely piloted. For example, UAV 200 may receive one or more control signals from a remote control device by which one or more operations of UAV 200 may be controlled. In embodiments according to various aspects of the present disclosure, each of first UAV 110 and second UAV 130 may respectively comprise one or more components of UAV 200. UAV 200 may be configured to perform one or more operations of first UAV 110 and / or second UAV 130 according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0023] In embodiments, a UAV may comprise a housing configured to receive one of our components of the UAV. For example, UAV 200 may comprise UAV housing 210. UAV housing 210 may be configured to receive one or more electronic components of UAV 200. For example, UAV housing 210 may be configured to receive one or more processors, non-transitory computer readable storage mediums, power supplies, communication interfaces, and / or user interfaces. For example, UAV housing 210 may comprise at least one processing unit 214, at least one non- transitory computer-readable storage medium 216, and at least one communications unit 218. Storage medium 216 may store instructions that, when executed by at least one processing unit 214, may cause 200 to perform one or more operations disclosed herein. UAV housing 210 may at least partially enclose one or more components of UAV 200. UAV housing 210 may protect the one or more components from impact and / or foreign substances. UAV housing 210 may have anaerodynamic shape. UAV housing 210 may comprise a bottom surface. Tn embodiments, payload 220 and / or camera 260 may be coupled to, or disposed proximate to, the bottom surface of UAV housing 210. In other embodiments, one or more components of payload 220 may be integrated in UAV housing 210. In such embodiments, the UAV may lack a separate payload housing, yet remain operable to perform one or more operations further disclosed herein.

[0024] A UAV may comprise one or more software and / or hardware components. For example, UAV 200 may comprise hardware such as a processing unit, a communications unit, a memory unit, an input device, and / or an output device. UAV 200 may comprise software configured to manage and / or interact with the hardware components, such as, for example, an operating system, user interfaces, software applications, and / or the like.

[0025] In various embodiments, UAV 200 may comprise at least one processing unit 214. At least one processing unit 214 may be similar to another processing unit, processor, or the like described herein. Processing unit 214 may comprise circuitry, electrical components, electronic components, software, and / or the like configured to perform various operations and functions discussed herein. For example, processing unit 214 may comprise a processing unit described herein, a processing circuit, a processor, a digital signal processor, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device, logic circuitry, state machines, MEMS devices, signal conditioning circuitry, communication circuitry, a computer, a computer-based system, a radio, a network appliance, a data bus, an address bus, and / or a combination thereof.

[0026] In various embodiments, a UAV may include a processor in electronic communication with a computer-readable medium. For example, UAV 200 may comprise at least one non- transitory computer-readable storage medium 216 in communication with at least one processing unit 214. The computer-readable medium may store, retrieve, and / or organize data. As used herein, the term “computer-readable medium” includes a storage medium that is readable by a machine (e.g., computer, processor, processing circuit, etc.). A storage medium includes any devices, materials, and / or structures used to place, keep, and retrieve data (e.g., information). A storage medium may be volatile or non-volatile. A storage medium may include any semiconductor (e.g., RAM, ROM, EPROM, flash, etc.), magnetic (e.g., hard disk drive (HDD), etc.), solid state (e.g., solid-state drive (SSD), etc.), optical technology (e.g., CD, DVD, etc.), or combination thereof. A computer-readable medium may include a storage medium that isremovable or non-removable from a system. A computer-readable medium may store a type of information, organized in one or more various manners and usable for one or more various purposes. The type of information may comprise, for example, computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. The computer-readable medium may comprise a tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may comprise a computer-readable non-transitory storage medium. The tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium may include instructions stored thereon. Upon execution by the processor, the instructions may allow the processor to perform various functions and operations disclosed herein.

[0027] In various embodiments, processing unit 214 may also comprise (or be in electronic communication with) a memory unit capable of storing and maintaining data. The memory unit may comprise a memory unit, database, data structure, memory component, or the like disclosed herein.

[0028] In various embodiments, communications unit 218 may be similar to, or comprise similar components with, any other communications unit, short-range communications unit, long- range communications unit, or the like disclosed here. Communications unit 218 may enable electronic communications between devices and systems. Communications unit 218 may enable communications over a network. For example, communications unit 218 may include a modem, a network interface (such as an Ethernet card), a communications port, or the like. Data may be transferred via communications unit 218 in the form of signals which may be electronic, electromagnetic, optical, or other signals capable of being transmitted or received by a communications unit. Communications unit 218 may be configured to communicate via a wired protocol, wireless protocol, or other protocol capable of transmitting information via a wired or wireless connection. In various embodiments, communications unit 218 may be configured to enable short-range communications between devices. In various embodiments, communications unit 218 may be configured to enable long-range communications between devices or systems. In various embodiments, communications unit 218 may be configured to enable both short-range communications and long-range communications.

[0029] In embodiments, UAV 200 may comprise one or more flight components configured to dispose UAV 200 airborne. For example, UAV 200 may comprise at least one rotor 212. In some embodiments, UAV 200 may comprise at least four rotors. Actuation of at least one rotor212 may enable UAV housing 210 of UAV 200 to become airborne. Actuation of at least one rotor 212 of UAV 200 may enable UAV 200 to remain airborne. Actuation of at least one rotor 212 and / or other flight components may enable UAV 200 to change position in three-dimensional space. For example, and responsive to operation of one more flight components, UAV 200 may move from a first airborne position to a second airborne position. Actuation of at least one rotor 212 may be controlled via at least one processing unit 214. For example, at least one processing unit 214 may perform one or more operations that comprise control of at least one rotor 212.

[0030] In embodiments, system 100 may comprise UAV 200 and payload 220. Payload 220 may be mechanically coupled to UAV 200. For example, payload 220 may be coupled to at least one surface of UAV housing 210. In some embodiments, payload 220 may be releasably coupled to UAV 200. In embodiments, payload 220 may comprise at least one processing unit, at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and / or at least one communications unit. Such components may be provided in addition to, or as an alternate to, corresponding such components disposed in UAV housing 210.

[0031] In some embodiments, payload 220 may comprise an adjustable payload. For example, payload 220 may be coupled to UAV housing 210 via a mount 230 that enables an orientation of payload 220 to be adjusted relative to UAV housing 210. Mount 230 may comprise a mechanical mount. Mount 230 may comprise a gimbal, step motor, gear, or other mechanical component that enables an orientation of payload 220 relative to UAV housing 210 to be selectively adjusted. Mount 230 may be controlled by at least one processing unit 214. In response to one or more control signals from at least one processing unit 214, mount 230 may adjust an orientation of payload 220 relative to UAV housing 210.

[0032] In other embodiments, payload 220 may comprise a non-adjustable payload. For example, mount 230 may comprise a fixed mechanical mount. An orientation of payload 220 may correspond to an orientation of UAV housing 210. In such embodiments, orientation of payload 220 may be adjusted in accordance with an adjustment applied to UAV 200. For example, orientation of payload 220 may be controlled in accordance with one or more control signals applied to at least one rotor 212.

[0033] In embodiments, payload 220 may comprise deployment end 222 from which one or more projectiles 224 may be deployed. Deploying payload 220 may comprise deploying at least one projectile of one or more projectiles 224 from payload 220. One or more projectiles 224 maybe deployed from payload 220 in a direction from a center of payload 220 toward deployment end 222. Deployment end 222 may comprise one or more openings, tubes, nozzles, valves, and / or other mechanical devices through which one or more projectiles 224 may be deployed. In embodiments, mount 230 may enable a position of deployment end 222 relative to UAV housing 210 to be adjusted in three-dimensional space.

[0034] In embodiments, one or more projectiles 224 may comprise at least two electrodes. In such embodiments, payload 220 may comprise a conducted electrical weapon. Via deployed one or more projectiles 224, payload 220 may be configured to electrically inhibit movement of a target. Payload 220 may be configured to deploy the at least two electrodes toward a target. The electrodes may each comprise a wire-tethered electrode. A wire of each wire-tethered electrode may be coupled to the electrode at a signal generator 228 at a second end of the wire. A first end of the wire opposite the second end of the wire may be mechanically and electrically coupled to an electrode. The electrode may be electrically conductive. The electrode may be mechanically coupled to a first end of a wire. The wire may extend from a first end of the electrode upon deployment of the electrode from a conducted electrical weapon. A second end of the electrode opposite the first end of the electrode may comprise at least one fastener. For example, the second end of the electrode may comprise a spear. Upon electrical coupling of the at least two electrodes to a target, signal generator 228 may be configured to provide a stimulus signal to the target. In some embodiments, signal generator 228 may be controlled by at least one processing unit 214. In other embodiments, signal generator 228 may be integrated with at least one processing unit 214 in UAV housing 210. In such embodiments, payload 220 may lack a signal generator disposed in a housing of payload 220. A stimulus signal from signal generator 228 may be provided via an electrical path comprising at least one first wire and first electrode of the at least two electrodes, tissue of the target, and at least one second wire and second electrode of the at least two electrodes. In embodiments, payload 220 comprising one or more projectiles 224 that comprise at least two electrodes may be configured to perform one or more operations of first payload 120. A UAV such as UAV 200 comprising a payload with at least two electrodes may be configured to perform one or more operations of first UAV 110.

[0035] In embodiments, a stimulus signal may be delivered via electrodes deployed from a pay load for a period of time. The period of time may be limited for various reasons. For example, the period of time may be limited in accordance with a power supply of the payload and / or UAVfrom which the electrodes may be deployed. The power supply may be insufficient for delivering the stimulus signal for durations greater than the period of time. In embodiments, the stimulus signal may be delivered for equal or less than 5 seconds, 15 seconds, 30 seconds, or 45 seconds.

[0036] In embodiments, one or more projectiles 224 may comprise a restraining material. In such embodiments, payload 220 may comprise a restraint launcher. The restraining material may be configured to physically inhibit motion of a target. The restraining material may comprise an adhesive material. For example, the restraining material may comprise a cyanoacrylate glue. The restraining material may comprise a cyanoacrylate glue in combination with an accelerant. A portion of restraining material may comprise a cyanoacrylate glue. In embodiments, the restraining material may comprise an adhesive foam material. For example, each projectile of one or more projectiles 224 may comprise a predetermined amount of adhesive foam. Upon deployment of payload 220, a predetermined amount of adhesive material associated with a projectile of one or more projectiles 224 may be launched from payload 220. In some embodiments, deployment of one or more projectiles 224 from payload 220 may be controlled via at least one processing unit 214. Deploying a projectile of the one or more projectiles 224 may comprise deploying an amount of the restraining material for a continuous period of time. For example, deploying a projectile of the one or more projectiles 224 may comprise spraying, ejecting, or otherwise emitting an amount of the restraining material from payload 220. The amount of restraining material for a projectile of one or more projectiles 224 may be deployed for a predetermined period of time and / or deployed until a predetermined amount of restraining material has been launched from payload 220. In embodiments, payload 220 comprising one or more projectiles 224 that comprise a restraining material may be configured to perform one or more operations of second payload 140. A UAV such as UAV 200 comprising a payload with a deployable restraining material may be configured to perform one or more operations of second UAV 130.

[0037] In embodiments, the restraining material may comprise a sensory overload agent. The sensory overload agent may be integrated with the restraining material. For example, a sensory overload agent may be included in an adhesive material of the restraining material. A chemical composition of the restraining material may comprise the sensory overload agent. The sensory overload agent may be configured to interfere with one or more senses of a target. The sensory overload agent may be designed to elicit a behavioral change from a target. In some embodiments,the sensory overload agent may comprise one or more of capsaicin and a malodorant. In combination with other materials of the restraining material, the sensory overload agent may increase effectiveness of immobilization by the restraining material. Alternately or additionally, a restraining material comprising the sensory overload agent may discourage use of a weapon associated with a target. The use may be discouraged in incidents in which the restraining material is applied to the weapon.

[0038] In embodiments, UAV 200 may comprise at least one sensor. The at least one sensor may be configured to detect a physical position at which UAV is disposed. For example, the at least one sensor may be configured to detect a relative position between UAV 200 and target 160. The at least one sensor may enable UAV to be aligned with target 160 prior to deployment of payload 220.

[0039] In embodiments, at least one sensor of UAV 200 may comprise camera 260. Camera 260 may be configured to capture one or more images. Camera 260 may be configured to capture video comprising a plurality of images. Camera 260 may comprise a static or adjustable camera. A direction in which camera 260 may capture at least one image may be fixed or adjustable relative to housing 210. Camera 260 may comprise a field of view. For example, camera 260 may comprise field of view 262. During operation of camera 260, field of view 262 may be oriented in a downward direction. Field of view 262 may be oriented in at least a partially downward direction and / or forward direction relative to UAV housing 210. Camera 260 may enable one or more images of target 160 to be captured by UAV 200. Target 160 may be represented in an image captured across field of view 262 prior to restraint of target 160. Target 160 may be oriented in a lateral and / or downward direction during flight of UAV 200. In some embodiments, each of camera 260 and payload 220 may be coupled to, or proximate to, a bottom surface of UAV housing 210. In other embodiments, each of camera 260 and payload 220 may be coupled to, or proximate to, a front or forward surface of UAV housing 210.

[0040] In embodiments, one or more projectiles 224 may be forcibly ejected from payload 220. For example, payload 220 may comprise at least one propulsion module 226. Propulsion module 226 may be configured to generate a propulsion force. For example, propulsion module 226 may provide an expanding gas configure to propel each projectile of one or more projectiles 224 from payload 220. Propulsion module 226 may comprise a propellant. For example, propulsion module 226 may comprise one or more of compressed air, pyrotechnic material, andor a primer material. Upon receipt of an activation signal, propulsion module 226 may be configured to generate a propulsion force that deploys at least one projectile of one or more projectiles 224 from payload 220 away from UAV 200. In accordance with operation of propulsion module 226, one or more projectiles 224 may be deployed from UAV 200. In some embodiments, operation of propulsion module 226 may be controlled by at least one processing unit 214.

[0041] In other embodiments, one or more projectiles 224 may be forcibly ejected without use of a separate propulsion module. For example, the projectile itself may be stored under pressure. Upon provision of an opening, the projectile may self-eject in accordance with a difference in pressure between an external environment and a container in which the projectile is stored. In such embodiments, payload 220 may comprise one or more selectively operable openings for deploying a projectile, in addition to, or as an alternative to, at least one propulsion module.

[0042] In some embodiments, UAV 200 may comprise a plurality of projectiles 224. Each projectile of the plurality of projectiles 224 may be deployed in series. For example, each projectile of the plurality of projectiles 224 may be deployed responsive to a separate activation signal received via a user interface. Alternately or additionally, and in some embodiments, two or more of the plurality projectiles may be deployed at a same time and / or responsive to a same activation signal. In some embodiments, payload 220 may comprise at least two projectiles, or at least four projectiles. In embodiments, payload 220 may comprise a respective propulsion module for each projectile of a plurality of projectiles 224.

[0043] In embodiments, system 100 may comprise a remote computing device configured to provide one or more control signals to one or more devices of system 100. For example, system 100 may comprise remote computing device 150. Remote computing device 150 may be communicatively coupled to a UAV and / or a payload of a UAV. For example, and with reference to both FIG. 1 and 2, remote computing device 150 may be coupled to one or both of at least one processing unit 214 and payload 220 via one or more wireless networks. In some embodiments, remote computing device 150 may be in direct communication with payload 220. Remote computing device 150 may be directly communicatively coupled with payload 220 or, alternately, indirectly communicatively coupled with payload 220 via communications unit 218 and / or at least one processing unit 214. In some embodiments, payload 220 may transmit at least one communication signal independent of, or separate from, at least one processing unit 214 ofUAV 200. In such embodiments, payload 220 may comprise at least one communications unit, separate from communications unit 218, disposed and operatively employed within a housing of payload 220.

[0044] In embodiments, remote computing device 150 may provide at least one control signal to control one or more operations of UAV 200 and / or first payload 220. For example, remote computing device 150 may provide a motion control signal to UAV 200. Responsive to the motion control signal, UAV 200 may control one or more flight components to change a position of UAV 200. For example, a motion control signal may be applied to one or more rotors 212 to change a position of UAV 200. Alternately or additionally, the at least one control signal may comprise an activation signal. Remote computing device 150 may provide an activation signal to payload 220. Responsive to the activation signal, payload 220 may be configured to deploy at least one projectile of one or more projectiles 224.

[0045] In embodiments, a UAV and / or a payload of the UAV may be communicatively coupled to another, second UAV and / or a second payload of the second UAV. For example, UAV 200 and / or payload 200 may transmit and / or receive information from a second UAV and / or a second payload of the second UAV via at least one communications unit 218. The UAV and / or payload of the UAV may communicate with the other UAV and / or second payload in addition to, or as an alternative to, communication with a remote computing device.

[0046] In embodiments, a method for deploying an immobilization system may be provided. The method may comprise the use of a system comprising one or more UAVs. The method may deploy the immobilization system in order to restrain a target. For example, with brief reference to FIG. 3, and in embodiments according to various aspects of the present disclosure, method 300 for deploying an immobilization system is provided. Method 300 may be performed by one or more devices of system 100. One or more devices of system 100 may be configured to perform one or more operations of method 300. In embodiments, operations of method 300 may comprise one or more of deploying electrodes 310, transmitting deployment information 320, receiving deployment information 330, detecting target location 340, and / or deploying restraining material 350. In embodiments, one or more operations of method 300 may be performed by different devices of a system. For example, and with brief reference to FIGs. 1 and 4A-4B, first UAV 110 may be configured to perform a first set of operations of a method and second UAV 130 may be configured to perform a second set of operations of the methoddifferent from the first set of operations. In some examples, and with brief reference to FIG. 3 and 4A, first UAV 110 may be configured to perform operations comprising deploying electrodes 310 and transmitting deployment information 320. UAV 130 may be configured to perform operations comprising receiving deployment information 330, detecting target location 340, and / or deploying restraining material 350.

[0047] In other embodiments, a single UAV may be configured to perform operations of method 300 including, but not limited to, deploying electrodes 310, detecting target location 340, and / or deploying restraining material 350 according to various aspects of the present disclosure. In such embodiments, the single UAV may comprise two payloads. One of the payloads may comprise a restraint launcher and the other of the two payloads may comprise a conducted electrical weapon. In other embodiments, the UAV may comprise a common, integrated payload from which both a restraining material and wire-tethered electrodes may be deployed.

[0048] In embodiments, an immobilization system may be configured to deploy two or more electrodes in order to cause neuromuscular incapacitation. The two or more electrodes may enable a target to be temporarily immobilized. For example, method 300 may comprise deploying electrodes 310. Deploying electrodes 310 may comprise deploying the electrodes from first UAV 110. For example, and with brief reference to FIG. 4A, first UAV 110 may be configured to deploy projectiles comprising two or more electrodes 425. Electrodes 425 may be deployed from first payload 120 of first UAV 110. Deploying electrodes 310 may comprise deploying each electrode of electrodes 425 at a same time or at different, sequential times.

[0049] In embodiments, deploying electrodes 310 may comprise deploying electrodes 425 in response to an activation signal. The activation signal may be received from a remote computing device. For example, first UAV 110 may receive an activation signal from remote computing device 150. Remote computing device 150 may comprise a user interface by which a manual input may be received. In accordance with the manual input, remote computing device 150 may generate the activation signal. Responsive to receiving the activation signal, first UAV 110 may cause electrodes 425 to be deployed from first payload 120.

[0050] Prior to deployment of electrodes from payload of first UAV, a target may be in a first position. For example, and with brief reference to FIG. 1, target 160 may be in first position 161 of target 160 prior to deployment of projectiles from first payload 120. First position 161 of target 160 may comprise an upright position. After deployment of electrodes 425, target 160may be disposed in second position 162 of target 160. A change from first position 161 of target 160 to second position 162 of target 160 may be caused by a stimulus signal provided via electrodes 425. The stimulus signal may be generated by first UAV 110 and / or first payload 120. This stimulus signal may be conducted to target 160 via tethers coupled between payload 120 and each electrode of electrodes 425. Each tether of an electrode of electrodes 425 may comprise a respective conductive wire. In embodiments, the stimulus signal may be provided via the electrodes 425 automatically after electrodes 425 are deployed. First payload 120 and or first UAV 110 may be configured to automatically generate the stimulus signal upon deploying electrodes 310. Upon coupling to target 160, the electrodes 425 may enable a stimulus signal to be delivered by which neuromuscular incapacitation of target 160 may be provided.

[0051] In embodiments, an immobilization system may be configured to transmit deployment information between two or more devices of the system. The deployment information may enable one or more subsequent operations to be performed. For example, and in embodiments, the deployment information may comprise deployment status information. The deployment status information may indicate that first payload 120 has been activated. The deployment status information may indicate that a stimulus signal has been provided by first UAV 110. The deployment status information may indicate that delivery of a stimulus signal from first UAV 110 to target 160 has been detected. The deployment status information may be used by one or more devices of system 100 to determine that one or more subsequent operations may be performed.

[0052] In embodiments, deployment information may provide information regarding a location toward which a payload has been deployed. For example, the deployment information may indicate a relative direction between a UAV and a location of a target at a time at which the payload was deployed. Alternately or additionally, the deployment information may indicate a relative distance between a UAV and a location of a target at a time at which the payload was deployed. The information regarding the location may be used by one or more devices of system 100 to perform one or more subsequent operations.

[0053] In embodiments, transmitting deployment information 320 may comprise transmitting the deployment information wirelessly. Transmitting deployment information 320 may comprise transmitting the deployment information using a wireless protocol. For example, and in embodiments, first UAV 110 may comprise a communications unit configured to wirelesslytransmit deployment information 370. Transmitting deployment information 320 may comprise broadcasting the deployment information via the communications unit. Transmitting deployment information 320 may enable another device within a wireless transmission range of a device to receive the deployment information. In embodiments, the communications unit may comprise a short-range wireless radio transmitter. In embodiments, transmitting deployment information 320 may be performed automatically upon deploying electrodes 310. In embodiments, transmitting deployment information 320 may be performed responsive to deploying electrodes 310.

[0054] In embodiments, an immobilization system according to various aspects of the present disclosure may be configured to receive deployment information. The deployment information may enable one or more operations to subsequently be performed by the system. In some examples, the deployment information may be received by a different device than the device of the system by which the deployment information is generated. For example, method 300 may comprise receiving deployment information 330. In some examples, receiving deployment information 330 may be performed by second UAV 130.

[0055] In embodiments, receiving deployment information 330 may comprise wirelessly receiving deployment information. For example, second UAV 130 may comprise a communications unit configured to receive deployment information 370 broadcast by another device. In some embodiments, the communications unit may comprise a short-range wireless radio frequency receiver. In embodiments, receiving deployment information 330 may comprise providing the deployment information to a processing unit of the UAV to enable one or more subsequent operations to be performed. The one or more operations may be performed in accordance with the deployment information.

[0056] In embodiments, an immobilization system according to various aspects of the president disclosure may be configured to detect a target location. The target location may comprise a location associated with a target. By detecting a target location, one or more operations may be performed to assist deployment of one or more projectiles from a payload. For example, method 300 may comprise detecting target location 340. Detecting target location 340 may comprise optically detecting a target location. For example, second UAV 130 may comprise a camera configured to capture image data. Second UAV 130 may further comprise at least one processing unit configured to process the image data to detect a target location represented in the 1image data. For example, and in some embodiments, detecting target location 340 may comprise detecting electrodes 425. In accordance with detecting target location 340, second UAV 130 may enable second payload 140 to be aligned with a location of a target prior to deployment of second payload 140.

[0057] In some embodiments, detecting target location 340 may comprise detecting the target in accordance with deployment information. For example, the deployment information may comprise location information indicating a location at which a payload was previously deployed. The deployment information may comprise deployment information received upon receiving deployment information 330. The information indicating the location may enable a UAV to automatically align itself toward the location toward which the payload was previously deployed. For example, second UAV 130 may receive deployment information comprising location information from first UAV 110. In accordance with a relative direction and or distance indicated in the deployment information, second UAV 130 may be enabled to automatically orient second payload 140 toward a same location.

[0058] In some embodiments, deployment information may comprise a location of a device that generated the deployment information. For example, deployment information generated by first UAV 110 may indicate a geographic location of first UAV 110. Alternately or additionally, the deployment information may comprise position information regarding first UAV 110. For example, the deployment information may comprise an elevation of first UAV 110 above ground. Alternately or additionally, the deployment information may comprise an orientation of first UAV 110 about one or more axes of rotation. In accordance with the location of a first device included in deployment information received by a second device, a relative location between the second device and the first device may be determined by the second device. In accordance with further deployment information indicating a location of a target location relative to the first device, the second device may be enabled to further determine a location of the target location relative to the first device. For example, second UAV 130 may receive deployment information comprising a location of first UAV 110 and a location of target 160 relative to first UAV 110. In accordance with this information, and further based on the location of second UAV 130 as detected by second UAV 130, second UAV 130 may be configured to determine a location of target 160. In some embodiments, detecting target location 340 may comprise detecting a location of the target based on location information received from another device.

[0059] In some embodiments, detecting target location 340 may comprise detecting a portion of a target. The portion of the target may comprise a portion of the target to which one or more projectiles may be subsequently deployed. The portion of the target may comprise less than all of the target. The portion of the target may comprise a portion of the target to which a deployed projectile might be most effective at immobilizing and / or restraining the target. For example, and with brief reference to FIG. 4B, detecting target location 340 may comprise detecting portion of target 163. Portion of target 163 may comprise a lower portion of a target. For example, portion of target 163 may comprise at least one leg of target 160. In some embodiments, portion of target 163 may comprise both legs of a target. Detecting target location 340 may comprise processing image data to detect portion of target 163 in the image data. In accordance with detecting portion of target 163, a payload may be aligned with portion of target 163.

[0060] In some embodiments, and as further discussed below, detecting target location 340 may alternately comprise a location of a weapon. For example, detecting target location 340 may comprise detecting a location of weapon 164 with brief reference to FIG. 1. The weapon may be associated with target 160. For example, weapon 164 may be carried by target 160. Alternately, weapon 164 may be disposed within a predetermined distance from target 160. In accordance with detecting the location of the weapon, one or more projectiles may be selectively deployed toward a weapon positioned at the location of the weapon.

[0061] In some embodiments, detecting target location 340 may be optional. In such embodiments, a second device may be manual aligned toward a target. For example, second UAV 130 may receive one or more control signals from remote computing device 150. Responsive to the one or more control signals, second UAV 130 may orient second payload 140 toward the location of target 160.

[0062] In embodiments, an immobilization system may be configured to deploy a restraining material to restrain a target. The restraining material may be configured to apply an external force to the target to immobilize the target. The restraining material may be applied to a surface of the target. The restraining material may impart a physical resistance to the target. For example, and in embodiments, method 300 may comprise deploying restraining material 350. Deploying restraining material 350 may comprise deploying a projectile comprising the restraining material. For example, and with brief reference to FIG..4B, deploying restraining material 350 may comprise launching a projectile comprising restraining material 445.Restraining material 445 may comprise a material configured to physically retain a target in a fixed position. For example, restraining material 445 may comprise one or more of an adhesive foam and / or glue. The adhesive foam may comprise a sticky chemical foam. Restraining material 445 may comprise a viscous material. In some embodiments, deploying restraining material 350 may comprise deploying a narrow adhesive strip of restraining material. Alternately or additionally, deploying restraining material 350 may comprise deploying a rounded mass of restraining material. Restraining material 445 may comprise a uniform composition of material. Restraining material 445 may comprise a material that expands upon being emitted from a payload. For example, restraining material 445 may comprise a liquid form while disposed in a payload, but upon and / or after deployment, transition to an expanded foam form. The restraining material may increase rigidity after deployment. For example, restraining material 445 may comprise a first rigidity upon being deployed from a payload. After being emitted from the payload, a rigidity of restraining material 445 may increase. For example, after contact with target 160, a rigidity of restraining material 445 may increase to a second rigidity higher than the first rigidity. The change in rigidity may result, for example, from an interaction between restraining material 445 and air. In other embodiments, restraining material 445 may comprise at least a pair of materials that interact after emission from a payload and, in accordance with the interaction, cause the collective rigidity of restraining material 445 to increase. In some embodiments, the restraining material may comprise a cyanoacrylate glue. In embodiments, the restraining material may be softened upon application of a solvent. For example, a solvent may be manually applied to a restraining material after de-escalation of an incident has been achieved, wherein the solvent may deactivate the restraining material.

[0063] In embodiments, deploying restraining material 350 may comprise deploying the restraining material toward a portion of a target. By deploying the restraining material toward the portion of the target, an effectiveness of the restraining material may be increased. The portion of the target may comprise a portion of the target detected upon detecting target location 340. For example, and with brief reference to FIG. 4B, deploying restraining material 350 may comprise deploying restraining material 445 toward portion of target 163. Portion of target 163 may comprise one or both legs of target 160. Restraining material 445 may be configured to resist or prevent movement of portion of target 163. For example, movement of a leg of portion of target 163 may be prevented relative to another leg of target 160. Alternately or additionally,movement of portion of target 163 may be prevented relative to a physical location at which target 160 is located. For example, restraining material 445 may limit movement of portion of target 163 relative to a ground surface at which target 160 is located upon deploying restraining material 350.

[0064] In embodiments, deploying restraining material 350 may comprise deploying the restraining material in accordance with receiving deployment information 330. For example, second UAV 130 may be precluded from deploying restraining material 445 unless deployment information has been received. Upon receiving an activation signal, second UAV 130 may be configured to perform a check to determine whether deployment information has been received from first UAV 110. In accordance with receiving deployment information 330, deploying restraining material 350 may be enabled. When the check determines that the deployment information has not been received, deploying restraining material 350 may be prevented. In accordance with receiving the deployment information, an effectiveness of deploying restraining material 350 may be improved. For example, receiving deployment information 330 may indicate that target 160 is disposed in second position 162 of target 160. Deployment of restraining material 445 may be more effective when target 160 is disposed in second position 162 of target 160 than when target 160 is disposed in first position 161 of target 160.

[0065] In some embodiments, deploying restraining material 350 may comprise deploying the restraining material relative to a time period after deploying electrodes 310. A timing at which deploying electrodes 310 has occurred may be conveyed in deployment information. For example, first UAV 110 may include a time at which electrodes 425 were deployed in deployment information transmitted to second UAV 130 upon transmitting deployment information 320. The time period may correspond to a predetermined time period during which a stimulus signal may be applied via the electrodes. For example, first UAV and / or first payload 120 may be configured to apply a stimulus signal via electrodes 425 for a predetermined time period after a time at which electrodes 425 are launched from first payload 120. Deploying restraining material 350 may comprise deploying restraining material 445 within the predetermined time period. Such an arrangement may enable restraining material 445 to be deployed while target 160 is incapacitated via neuromuscular incapacitation. In other embodiments, deploying restraining material may comprise deploying the restraining material at the end of the predetermined time period. For example, the predetermined time period maycorrespond to a time in which a stimulus signal is likely to be effective at inhibiting locomotion of target 160. By deploying restraining material 350 at the end of this time, target 160 may be more likely to be stationary and or disposed at second position 162 of target 160.

[0066] In some embodiments, a predetermined time period may be determined in accordance with deployment information. For example, and in some embodiments, first deployment information may be provided to an unmanned aerial vehicle. The first deployment information may indicate that electrodes of a conducted electrical weapon of an unmanned aerial vehicle have been deployed. In some embodiments, the first deployment information may enable deployment of at least one second projectile. For example, a restraint launcher may be prevented from deploying a restraining material prior to receipt of the first deployment information. Upon receipt of the first deployment information, deployment of at least one second projectile may be enabled for a predetermined period of time. For example, a payload comprising a conducted electrical weapon may be configured to provide a stimulus signal for a predetermined period of time. The predetermined period of time may comprise, for example, thirty seconds. Activation of a restraint launcher may be enabled for a corresponding predetermined period of time upon receipt of the first deployment information. After the predetermined period of time, and in some embodiments, deployment of the at least one second projectile may be disabled. Such an arrangement may increase a likelihood of success of effective deployment of the at least one second projectile. In other embodiments, second deployment information may alternately or additionally be received. The second deployment information may indicate that providing of a stimulus signal has been terminated. Responsive to receiving the second deployment information, deployment of the at least one second projectile may be disabled. Such an arrangement may ensure that launch of the at least one second projectile is initiated while a stimulus signal is provided to a target.

[0067] In some embodiments, deployment status information may be alternately or additionally indicated via a user interface. For example, first and / or second deployment status information may be displayed via a display of remote computing device 150 with brief reference to FIG. 1. Such an arrangement may provide visual confirmation that restraining material 350 is instructed to be deployed during a predetermined period of time.

[0068] In embodiments, two or more operations of method 300 may be performed in various sequences. Such sequences may correspond to, or differ from, an example sequence of method300 as indicated in accordance with FIG. 3. For example, and in some embodiments, a first deployment from at least one UAV may comprise deploying restraining material 350. The restraining material may disable a weapon carried by the target. However, by disabling a weapon, the restraining material alone may not sufficiently de-escalate an incident involving the target. For example, after the weapon is disabled, the target may still be capable of physical assault without use of a weapon. In embodiments according to various aspects of the present disclosure, a second, subsequent deployment from the at least one UAV may comprise deploying electrodes 310. In such embodiments, deploying electrodes 310 may be performed after deploying restraining material 350. In such embodiments, each deployment remains subject to manual activation; however, by deploying a restraining material first, a weapon of a target may be disabled which, in turn, may fully de-escalate an incident involving a target through a relatively decreased amount of force. However, an increased use of force may remain an option, depending on specific aspects of a given incident as it unfolds.

[0069] In embodiments, a method of immobilization may comprise determining a target location toward which the one or more projectiles are subsequently deployed. In embodiments, the target location may comprise a portion of a target. In other embodiments, the target location may comprise a location of a weapon. For example, and with reference to FIG. 5, embodiments according to various aspect of the present disclosure comprise method 500 for determining a target location. In embodiments, and with brief reference to FIG. 3, detecting target location 340 may comprise one or more operations of method 500. Method 500 may be performed by at least one unmanned aerial vehicle. For example, one or more of second UAV 130 and UAV 200 may be configured to perform one or more operations of method 500. In embodiments, method 500 may comprise one or more of capturing an image 510, detecting a weapon associated with a target 520, determining a location of the weapon 530, and / or orienting a payload 540 toward a location of a weapon. In embodiments, method 500 may further comprise deploying restraining material toward a location of a weapon 550. In some embodiments, and with brief reference to FIG. 3, deploying restraining material 350 may comprise deploying restraining material toward a location of a weapon 550.

[0070] In embodiments, a method of determining a target location may comprise capturing an image. For example, method 500 may comprise capturing an image 510. Capturing the image 510 may comprise capturing the image via camera of an unmanned aerial vehicle. The cameramay be a camera of a same unmanned aerial vehicle from which a projectile is subsequently deployed. For example, the camera may comprise one or more of a camera of one or more of second UAV or camera 260 with brief reference to FIG. 1-2. Upon capture, the image may be provided for subsequent processing. The image may be provided to a processor. For example, the image may be provided to processing unit 214 with brief reference to FIG. 2.

[0071] In embodiments, a method of determining a target location may comprise detecting a weapon associated with a target. For example, method 500 may comprise detecting a weapon associated with a target 520. Detecting the weapon may comprise detecting the weapon in an image. The image may comprise an image captured by unmanned aerial vehicle on which the weapon is detected. The image may comprise the image captured upon capturing an image 510. In some embodiments, detecting a weapon 520 may be automatically performed. For example, detecting a weapon 520 may be automatically performed in response to capturing an image 510. In other embodiments, detecting a weapon 520 may be selectively performed in accordance with one or more control signals received by an unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0072] In embodiments, detecting a weapon 520 may comprise applying an object recognition algorithm. The object recognition algorithm may comprise a machine vision technique for recognizing an object in an image. The algorithm may be applied to the image captured upon capturing an image 510. The algorithm may be pre-trained for detecting at least one object that is a weapon. For example, detecting a weapon 520 may comprise detecting one or more of a firearm, blunt weapon, or an edged weapon. A firearm may comprise a gun. A blunt weapon may comprise, for example, a stick, bat, or hammer. An edged weapon may comprise, for example, a knife or a sword. Detecting a weapon 520 may comprise generating an indication that a weapon has been detected in an image. For example, detecting a weapon 520 may comprise generating one or more of a label, indicia, or an alert that indicates that a weapon has been detected in an image. In embodiments, the indication that a weapon has been detected may be provided for subsequent processing via one or more additional operations of method 500.

[0073] In embodiments, a method of determining a target location may comprise determining a location of a weapon. For example, method 500 may comprise determining a location of weapon 530. Determining a location of weapon 530 may comprise determining a location of the weapon relative to an unmanned aerial vehicle. For example, determining the location of the weapon may comprise detecting the location of weapon within an image captured by theunmanned aerial vehicle. For example, determining the location of the weapon may comprise identifying one or more pixels of the image in which the weapon is represented. The camera by which the image is captured may be aligned with one or more a predetermined orientation of the unmanned aerial vehicle and / or a payload of the unmanned aerial vehicle. In accordance with portion of an image in which the weapon is represented, a location of the weapon may be identified. For example, the location of the weapon in the image may indicate a relative direction in which the weapon is located relative to the unmanned aerial vehicle. A location of weapon in the left or right side of the image may indicate that the weapon is physically positioned in a lateral direction relative to the unmanned aerial vehicle. A location of weapon in the top or bottom of the image may indicate that the weapon is physically positioned in a vertical direction and / or longitudinal direction relative to the unmanned aerial vehicle. In some embodiments, a size of the weapon in the image may alternately or additionally indicate a longitudinal direction of the weapon relative to the unmanned aerial vehicle by which an image is captured. In some embodiments, an object recognition algorithm may be configured to determine a location of a weapon. For example, a predetermined computer vision technique applied to an image may be configured to generate both an indication that a weapon is detected in an image and an indication of a location within the image at which the weapon is represented. In embodiments, detecting a location of a weapon 530 may comprise applying information regarding the camera and / or unmanned aerial vehicle itself to the indication of the location within the image in order to determine a location of a weapon relative to the unmanned aerial vehicle. For example, determining a location of a weapon 530 may comprise applying information regarding field of view 262 of camera 260 to an image to determine a physical location of a weapon relative to UAV 200 comprising camera 260. In embodiments, the location of the weapon may be provided for processing via one or more subsequent operations.

[0074] In embodiments, a method of determining a target location may comprise orienting a payload 540 toward a location of a weapon. For example, method 500 may comprise orienting a payload 540 toward a location of a weapon. The location may comprise the location determined upon determining a location of a weapon 530. Orienting the payload 540 may comprise aligning the payload with the weapon in accordance with the location of the weapon. Orienting the payload 540 may comprise aligning a deployment end of the payload with the location of the weapon. Orienting the payload 540 may comprise aligning the payload with the location of theweapon such that, upon deployment from the payload, a projectile may impact the location of the weapon. The payload may be aligned such that the projectile impacts a weapon positioned at the location of the weapon. In embodiments, orienting the payload 540 may comprise adjusting an orientation of the payload. For example, one or more control signals may be applied to mount 230 to orient the payload, wherein mount 230 comprises an adjustable mount. Alternately or additionally, orienting the payload 540 may comprise adjusting an orientation of an unmanned aerial vehicle on which the payload is positioned. For example, one or more control signals may be applied to at least one rotor 212 in order to change an orientation of UAV 200 in three- dimensional space. Such a change may, in turn, change an orientation of payload 200 of UAV. In some embodiments, orienting a payload 540 may be performed automatically upon determining a location of a weapon 530. Orienting a payload 540 may comprise reorienting the payload or a combination of the payload and an unmanned aerial vehicle to which the payload is coupled without user input. However, an activation signal from a user interface may be required to deploy a projectile from the payload, independent of orienting the payload 540.

[0075] In some embodiments, orienting the payload 540 may comprise orienting the payload over time. Orienting the payload 540 may comprise an iterative process. For example, one or more of capturing an image 510, detecting a weapon 520, and determining a location of a weapon 530 may be repeatedly performed. After each such execution of such operations, orienting the payload 540 may be performed to align the payload with the weapon. Such an arrangement may enable tracking of the weapon over time and / or improved aiming of the payload. Such an arrangement may address a technical challenge associated with tracking a weapon from a moveable device, wherein each of the weapon and the moveable device may be selectively repositioned over time. Such an arrangement may ensure that a payload remains oriented toward a weapon prior to receipt of an activation signal for launching a projectile from the payload.

[0076] In embodiments, method 500 may further comprise deploying restraining material toward a location of a weapon. For example, method 500 may comprise deploying restraining material 550 toward a location of a weapon. The location of the weapon may comprise a location of a weapon detected upon determining a location of a weapon 530. A direction in which the restraining material may be deployed may correspond to a direction in which a payload is oriented upon orienting the payload 540. By deploying the restraining material toward thelocation of the weapon, use of a weapon at the location of the weapon may be disrupted. For example, a restraining material may disable and / or block access to a trigger of the weapon. Alternately or additionally, the restraining material may enclose a blade of an edged weapon, thereby rendering the weapon ineffective. Alternately or additionally, the restraining material may limit movement of a portion of a target, such that use of the weapon may be precluded or otherwise negatively impacted. Alternately or additionally, a restraining material comprising a sensory overload agent may cause a target to discard a weapon to which the sensory overload agent has been applied upon deploying restraining material 550.

[0077] Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided herein. In the detailed description herein, references to “various embodiments,” “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “an example embodiment,” etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described. After reading the description, it will be apparent to one skilled in the relevant art(s) how to implement the disclosure in alternative embodiments. Furthermore, no element, component, or method step in the present disclosure is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether the element, component, or method step is explicitly recited in the claims. No claim element is intended to invoke 35 U.S.C. 112(f) unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for.” As used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0078] The foregoing description discusses various embodiments of the present invention, which may be changed or modified without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims. Examples listed in parentheses may be used in the alternative or in any practical combination. As used in the specification and claims, the words ‘comprising,’ ‘comprises,’ ‘including,’ ‘includes,’ ‘having,’ and ‘has’ introduce an open-ended statement of 1component structures and / or functions. In the specification and claims, the words ‘a’ and ‘an’ are used as indefinite articles meaning ‘one or more.’ When a descriptive phrase includes a series of nouns and / or adjectives, each successive word is intended to modify the entire combination of words preceding it. For example, a black dog house is intended to mean a house for a black dog. While for the sake of clarity of description, several specific embodiments of the invention have been described, the scope of the invention is intended to be measured by the claims as set forth below. In the claims, the term “provided” is used to definitively identify an object that is not a claimed element of the invention but an object that performs the function of a workpiece that cooperates with the claimed invention. For example, in the claim “an apparatus for aiming a provided barrel, the apparatus comprising: a housing, the barrel positioned in the housing,” the barrel is not a claimed element of the apparatus, but an object that cooperates with the “housing” of the “apparatus” by being positioned in the “housing.” The invention includes any practical combination of the structures and methods disclosed. While for the sake of clarity of description several specifics embodiments of the invention have been described, the scope of the invention is intended to be measured by the claims as set forth below.The location indicators "herein", "hereunder", "above", "below", or other word that refer to a location, whether specific or general, in the specification shall be construed to refer to any location in the specification where the location is before or after the location indicator.

[0079] Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described herein with regard to specific embodiments. Furthermore, the connecting lines shown in the various figures contained herein are intended to represent exemplary functional relationships and / or physical couplings between the various elements. Additionally, the connecting lines shown in the various figures contained herein are intended to represent exemplary logical relationships, control relationships, and / or programmatic relationships associated with and between the various elements. It should be noted that many alternative or additional functional relationships, physical connections, logical relationships, control relationships, and / or programmatic relationships may be present in a practical system. However, the benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any elements that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as critical, required, or essential features or elements of the disclosures. The scope of the disclosure is accordingly to be limited by nothing other than the appended claims and their legal equivalents, in which reference to an element in the singular isnot intended to mean “one and only one” unless explicitly so stated, but rather “one or more.” Moreover, where a phrase similar to “at least one of A, B, or C” is used in the claims, it is intended that the phrase be interpreted to mean that A alone may be present in an embodiment, B alone may be present in an embodiment, C alone may be present in an embodiment, or that any combination of the elements A, B, and C may be present in a single embodiment; for example, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. An immobilization system comprising: at least one unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV); and at least one payload coupled to the at least one UAV, wherein the payload is configured to deploy: at least two first projectiles configured to provide a stimulus signal: and at least one second projectile comprising a restraining material.

2. Tire system of claim 1, wherein the at least one UAV comprises a first UAV and a second UAV.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one UAV is configured to provide deployment information.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the at least one UAV is configured to receive the deployment information prior to deploying the at least one second projectile.

5. The system of claim 3, wherein the deployment information comprises deployment status infomiation.

6. The system of claim 3, wherein the deployment infomiation comprises target location infomiation.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one UAV is further configured to detect a target location.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the target location comprises a location of a weapon.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the restraining material comprises an adhesive foam material.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the restraining material comprises a cyanoacrylate glue.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the restraining material comprises a sensory overload agent.

12. The system of claim 1, further comprising a remote computing device in communication with the at least one UAV, wherein the remote computing device is configured to provide: a first activation signal to the at least one payload to deploy the at least two first projectiles: and a second activation signal to the at least one payload to deploy the at least one second projectile from the at least one payload.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one UAV comprises a single UAV and each of the at least two first projectiles and the at least one second projectile are deployed from the single UAV.

14. A method performed by at least one unmanned aerial vehicle comprising at least one payload, the method comprising: deploying at least two first projectiles from the at least one payload; anddeploying at least one second projectile from the at least one payload, wherein the at least one second projectile comprises a restraining material.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: detecting a target location; and based on the target location, deploying tire at least second projectile from the at least one payload.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein detecting the target location comprises: capturing an image via a camera of the at least one unmanned aerial vehicle; detecting a weapon represented in the image; and determining a location of the weapon, wherein the target location comprises the location of the weapon and deploying the at least one second projectile comprises deploying the restraining material toward the location of the weapon.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein the at least first two projectiles comprise electrodes of a conducted electrical weapon and deploying the at least one second projectile comprises deploying the at least one second projectile during a predetermined time period during which a stimulus signal is delivered from the unmanned aerial vehicle via the electrodes.

18. An unmanned aerial vehicle comprising: at least one communications unit; at least one projectile; at least one processing unit communicatively coupled with the at least one communications unit and the at least one projectile; and at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processing unit, cause the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform one or more operations comprising: detecting target location; and based on the target location, deploying at least one projectile, wherein the at least one projectile comprises a restraining material.

19. The unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 18, wherein the restraining material comprises at least one of cyanoacrylate glue or capsaicin.

20. The unmaimed aerial vehicle of claim 18, further comprising a conducted electrical weapon and the operations further comprise deploying at least two electrodes from the conducted electrical weapon.

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