Mode switch from a sub-band full-duplex mode
The method of using a timer-based indication for switching from SBFD to TDD mode in telecommunication networks addresses the challenge of maintaining network stability and uplink coverage during mode transitions, ensuring efficient network operation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/073536
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-31
AI Technical Summary
The challenge in telecommunication networks is efficiently switching from sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode to time division duplex (TDD) mode without causing additional network issues, particularly for SBFD-aware UEs that may experience decreased uplink coverage when falling back to TDD.
A method involving a network device determining the need for a mode switch, transmitting indication information to terminal devices, and using a timer to manage the transition from SBFD to TDD, allowing sufficient time for handover or cell switch if necessary.
Ensures a smooth transition from SBFD to TDD mode, maintaining network stability and uplink coverage for SBFD-aware UEs by providing timely notification and management of the mode switch process.
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Figure CN2024073536_31072025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
MODE SWITCH FROM A SUB-BAND FULL-DUPLEX MODE
[0001] FIELDS
[0002] Various example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of telecommunication and in particular, to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for a mode switch from a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode.BACKGROUND
[0003] The SBFD mode is a duplex communication approach that assigns uplink and downlink signals to separate sub-bands for transmission. In this mode, uplink and downlink signals may be transmitted simultaneously in different frequency bands, thereby improving spectrum utilization and communication efficiency. On the other hand, the TDD mode is a time-division duplex approach that transmits uplink and downlink signals in different time slots. The switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode involves a change between two different duplex communication modes to meet diverse network requirements and service demands.SUMMARY
[0004] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus at least to: receive, from a second apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode to a time division duplex (TDD) mode within a serving cell; based on the indication information, trigger a timer related to the mode switch; and in accordance with a determination that the timer expires and based on that the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell, perform the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode.
[0005] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus at least to: determine, from a set of first apparatuses operating in a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode within a serving cell, at least one first apparatus for switching to a time division duplex (TDD) mode; transmit, to the at least one first apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode; based on the indication information, trigger a timer related to the mode switch; and in accordance with a determination that the timer is expired, perform the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode for one or more of the at least one first apparatus within the serving cell.
[0006] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: receiving, from a second apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode to a time division duplex (TDD) mode within a serving cell; based on the indication information, triggering a timer related to the mode switch; and in accordance with a determination that the timer expires and based on that the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell, performing the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode.
[0007] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: determining, from a set of first apparatuses operating in a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode within a serving cell, at least one first apparatus for switching to a time division duplex (TDD) mode; transmitting, to the at least one first apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode; based on the indication information, triggering a timer related to the mode switch; and in accordance with a determination that the timer is expired, performing the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode for one or more of the at least one first apparatus within the serving cell.
[0008] In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a second apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode to a time division duplex (TDD) mode within a serving cell; means for based on the indication information, triggering a timer related to the mode switch; and means for in accordance with a determination that the timer expires and based on that the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell, performing the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode.
[0009] In a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus comprises means for determining, from a set of first apparatuses operating in a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode within a serving cell, at least one first apparatus for switching to a time division duplex (TDD) mode; means for transmitting, to the at least one first apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode; means for based on the indication information, triggering a timer related to the mode switch; and means for in accordance with a determination that the timer is expired, performing the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode for one or more of the at least one first apparatus within the serving cell.
[0010] In a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium comprises instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to the third aspect.
[0011] In an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium comprises instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to the fourth aspect.
[0012] It is to be understood that the Summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:
[0014] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0015] FIG. 2A illustrates example Time Division Duplexing according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0016] FIG. 2B illustrates example Frequency Division Duplexing according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0017] FIG. 2C illustrates example subband full duplex according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0018] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of subband full duplex and non-subband full duplex slots according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0019] FIG. 4 illustrates example SBFD UE and non-SBFD UE coverage;
[0020] FIG. 5 illustrates a signaling flow for mode switch according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0021] FIG. 6 illustrates an example signaling flow for mode switch according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of an example method implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0023] FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of an example method implemented at a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0024] FIG. 9 is a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0025] FIG. 10 illustrates a block diagram of an example computer readable medium in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0026] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0028] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0029] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0030] It shall be understood that although the terms “first, ” “second, ” …, etc. in front of noun (s) and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another and they do not limit the order of the noun (s) . For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0031] As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0032] As used herein, unless stated explicitly, performing a step “in response to A” does not indicate that the step is performed immediately after “A” occurs and one or more intervening steps may be included.
[0033] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0034] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following:
[0035] (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and
[0036] (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) :
[0037] (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and
[0038] (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) ) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and
[0039] (c) hardware circuit (s) and or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) , that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0040] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0041] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as New Radio (NR) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and so on. Furthermore, the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) , the sixth generation (6G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.
[0042] As used herein, the term “network device” refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device accesses the network and receives services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , an NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or non-ground network device such as a satellite network device, a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite and a geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellite, an aircraft network device, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. In some example embodiments, radio access network (RAN) split architecture comprises a Centralized Unit (CU) and a Distributed Unit (DU) at an IAB donor node. An IAB node comprises a Mobile Terminal (IAB-MT) part that behaves like a UE toward the parent node, and a DU part of an IAB node behaves like a base station toward the next-hop IAB node.
[0043] The term “terminal device” refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example rather than limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE) , a Subscriber Station (SS) , a Portable Subscriber Station, a Mobile Station (MS) , or an Access Terminal (AT) . The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery) , an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. The terminal device may also correspond to a Mobile Termination (MT) part of an IAB node (e.g., a relay node) . In the following description, the terms “terminal device” , “communication device” , “terminal” , “user equipment” and “UE” may be used interchangeably.
[0044] As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “resource block, ” “physical resource block” (PRB) , “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, for example, a communication between a terminal device and a network device, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other combination of the time, frequency, space and / or code domain resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0045] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication environment 100 comprises a first apparatus 110-1, a first apparatus 110-2, a second apparatus 120-1, and a second apparatus 120-2.
[0046] In the following, for the purpose of illustration, the first apparatus 110-1 and the first apparatus 110-2 may be collectively or individually referred to as first apparatuses 110. The second apparatus 120-1 and the second apparatus 120-2 may be collectively or individually referred to as second apparatuses 120. Some example embodiments may be described with a first apparatus 210 operating as a terminal device and a second apparatus 120 operating as a network device. However, in some example embodiments, operations described in connection with a terminal device may be implemented at a network device or other device, and operations described in connection with a network device may be implemented at a terminal device or other device.
[0047] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120-1 may be a network device of a serving cell 130, for example, a gNB of the serving cell 130 for the first apparatus 110-1. The second apparatus 120-2 may be a network device of a candidate cell 140, for example, a gNB of the candidate cell 140 for the first apparatus 110-2. In an example, when the first apparatus 110-1 moves to the location of the first apparatus 110-2 and within a candidate cell 140 provided by the second apparatus 120-2, the candidate cell 140 may become a new serving cell for the first apparatus 110-1. Then, the second apparatus 120 may perform a mode switch for the first apparatus 110.
[0048] It is to be understood that the number and types of apparatuses are shown in FIG. 1 for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. For example, the communication environment 100 may include any suitable number of first apparatuses and second apparatuses.
[0049] In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 is a terminal device and the second apparatus 120 is a network device, a link from the second apparatus 120 to the first apparatus 110 is referred to as a downlink (DL) , and a link from the first apparatus 110 to the second apparatus 120 is referred to as an uplink (UL) . In DL, the second apparatus 120 is a transmitting (TX) device (or a transmitter) and the first apparatus 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or a receiver) . In UL, the first apparatus 110 is a TX device (or a transmitter) and the second apparatus 120 is a RX device (or a receiver) .
[0050] Communications in the communication environment 100 may be implemented according to any proper communication protocol (s) , comprising, but not limited to, cellular communication protocols of the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , the fifth generation (5G) , the sixth generation (6G) , and the like, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and / or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future. Moreover, the communication may utilize any proper wireless communication technology, comprising but not limited to: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) , Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) , Time Division Duplex (TDD) , Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) , Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple (OFDM) , Discrete Fourier Transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) and / or any other technologies currently known or to be developed in the future.
[0051] For duplexing evolution including the SBFD, two duplexing modes are supported in 5G NR, including Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) for paired bands and Time Division Duplexing (TDD) for unpaired bands. FIG. 2A illustrates example Time Division Duplexing according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. In TDD, as shown in FIG. 2A, the time domain resource is split between downlink and uplink. Allocation of a limited time duration for the uplink in TDD would result in reduced coverage, increased latency, and reduced capacity. FIG. 2B illustrates example Frequency Division Duplexing according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. In FDD, as shown in FIG. 2B, uplink and downlink transmission are allowed at the same time over different frequency bands which is separated by a grand band 120. Frequency bands are generally inflexible to change which may result in higher complexity and high cost.
[0052] Motivated by this, one of the objectives of the evolution of duplexing operation in NR that addresses the challenges above is to allow simultaneous downlink and uplink transmission on different physical resource blocks (PRBs) / subbands within an unpaired wideband NR cell. FIG. 2C illustrates example subband full duplex according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. In SBFD, as shown in FIG. 2C, downlink and uplink are operated simultaneously on the same time division duplex carrier on different frequency resources. This duplexing scheme may be also referred to as cross division duplexing (xDD) scheme or flexible division duplexing (FDU) .
[0053] In SBFD, there may be two slot types for both downlink and uplink transmissions. FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of subband full duplex and non-subband full duplex slots according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3, during SBFD slots 310, the non-overlapping downlink subband (s) 312 and uplink subband (s) 314 may both exist. During non-SBFD slots 316 and 318, the entire band is used for either downlink or uplink (for example, legacy / full DL / UL slots) . In this example, full non-SBFD slots 316 are used for downlink transmission and full non-SBFD slots 318 are used for uplink transmission.
[0054] Several SBFD operation modes have been studied including whether time and frequency locations of subbands for the SBFD operation are known to the SBFD-aware UE or not, and it is agreed that at least the operation mode with time and frequency locations of subbands for SBFD operation being known to the SBFD-aware UE is prioritized. This means that SBFD slots should be known by the UE (for example, SBFD-aware UE) in some way.
[0055] FIG. 4 illustrates example SBFD UE and non-SBFD UE coverage. As shown in FIG. 4, gNBs operating with SBFD 410 may have better coverage in the uplink than gNBs in non-SBFD operation 420. Therefore, if the network falls back to the TDD mode, the SBFD UEs at the edge of the cell might be dropped due to the decreased uplink coverage.
[0056] Because SBFD-aware UEs may have better uplink coverage than legacy UEs, a problem arises when the gNB in the SBFD falls back to the TDD mode. The uplink coverage of SBFD-aware UEs could be impacted. Therefore, a solution that enables the UE and the network to fall back from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode without causing additional network issues may be beneficial.
[0057] According to some example embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a solution for mode switch from an SBFD mode to a TDD mode. In the solution, the second apparatus (for example, a network device) determines at least one first apparatus (for example, a terminal device) operating in an SBFD mode within a serving cell for switching to a TDD mode. Then, the second apparatus transmits, to the first apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode. The first apparatus and the second apparatus trigger a timer related to the mode switch. If the timer is expired (e.g. apparatus (first or second) determines that the timer expires or has expired or based on (e.g. in response to) the timer expiring) , the second apparatus performs the mode switch for the first apparatus, and the first apparatus performs the mode switch based on that the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell.
[0058] In this way, by using a timer for early notification of the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode, the first apparatus may have sufficient time for considering a handover or cell switch in the communication network.
[0059] Example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0060] FIG. 5 illustrates a signaling flow 500 for mode switch according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 500 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1. The signaling flow 500 may involve a first apparatus 110 and a second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may be a terminal device (for example, a SBFD-aware UE or SBFD capable UE) or comprised in a terminal device (for example, a SBFD-aware UE or SBFD capable UE) . The second apparatus 120 may be a network device or comprised in a network device (e.g. gNB) .
[0061] It is to be understood that the signaling flow 500 may involve more apparatuses or less apparatuses, and the number of apparatuses illustrated in FIG. 5 is only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitations.
[0062] As shown in FIG. 5, the second apparatus 120 determines (510) , from a set of first apparatuses operating in an SBFD mode within a serving cell, at least one first apparatus 110 for switching to a TDD mode. For example, the second apparatus 120 may determine some or all of the set of first apparatuses for switching from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode based on one or more conditions. For instance, the second apparatus 120 may determine that SBFD mode within a cell (e.g., provided by the second apparatus, such as the serving cell) should be changed to TDD mode. This would mean that all terminal devices in the cell should use TDD mode. Hence, all UEs currently operating in SBFD mode may need to be changed from SBFD mode to TDD mode in order for the UEs to continue operating within the same cell.
[0063] In some example embodiments, the one or more conditions may comprise cross link interference (CLI) of a first apparatus from the set of first apparatuses is higher than a predetermined interference threshold. Alternatively, or in addition, the one or more conditions may comprise the number of legacy first apparatuses (for example, legacy UEs) or a proportion of legacy first apparatuses within the serving cell is higher than a number threshold. Alternatively, or in addition, the one or more conditions may comprise the uplink traffic load of a first apparatus from the set of first apparatuses is low and does not justify the use of the SBFD, or the majority of first apparatuses in the serving cell are legacy first apparatuses. Alternatively, or in addition, the one or more conditions may comprise that the first apparatus 110 has received a high level configuration, for example, from the core network, or Operations, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) information, informing of the need to switch to TDD mode.
[0064] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may indicate, to the set of first apparatuses (for example, all SBFD-aware UEs within the serving cell) or the at least one first apparatus 110, configuration information for the SBFD mode including at least time or frequency resource information for an SBFD-aware UE to operate in the SBFD mode, for example, via a system information block (SIB) or radio resource control (RRC) .
[0065] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may need timer configuration information for a timer, for example, the first apparatus 110 may receive, from the second apparatus 120, timer configuration information for the timer. The timer configuration information may be transmitted through a higher-layer configuration, for example, via an SIB or RRC. Alternatively, or in addition, the timer configuration information for the timer may be preconfigured (e.g., specified in one or more specifications) in the first apparatus 110. For example, the time configuration information may be preconfigured in the second apparatus 120 (e.g., specified in one or more specifications) . In both cases, the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120 may obtain the same timer configuration information.
[0066] Then, the second apparatus 120 transmits (520) , to the at least one first apparatus 110, indication information related to a mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode. In some example embodiments, the indication information related to the mode switch may comprise a first indication to trigger the timer. In an embodiment, the indication information is transmitted along the timer configuration information. However, they may be transmitted separately. In another example, if the timer configuration information is preconfigured, the timer configuration information may not be transmitted and thus the indication information may be transmitted without transmitting the timer configuration information.
[0067] After switching from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode, the first apparatus 110 may suffer from performance loss for uplink, for example, a UE may suffer from uplink coverage shortage if SBFD uplink resource could not be utilized by the UE. Alternatively, or in addition, the indication information may comprise a second indication of performance loss for uplink after the mode switch. That is, the second indication may indicate that the UE may suffer from performance loss of uplink after switching from the SBFD mode to TDD mode. Thus, the UE may determine that such mode change may not be beneficial, and that SBFD mode should be preferred over TDD mode. Another option may be to preconfigure UE such that it always prefers SBFD mode over TDD mode.
[0068] Alternatively, or in addition, the indication information may comprise a third indication of update on the configuration information for the SBFD mode. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may further receive, from the second apparatus 120, an update on configuration information for the SBFD mode. The first apparatus 110 may be in a connected state (for example, RRC_CONNECTED) with the second apparatus 120, or the first apparatus 110 may be in an idle state (e.g., RRC_IDLE) or an inactive state (e.g., RRC_INACTIVE) with the second apparatus 120. If the first apparatus 110 is in an RRC_CONNECTED connection state with the second apparatus 120, the configuration information of the SBFD mode may comprise a measurement configuration for the mode switch, for example, an RRC reconfiguration including a new measurement configuration. Alternatively, or in addition, the configuration information of the SBFD mode may comprise configuration information for the TDD mode, for example, a common configuration for TDD and / or a dedicated configuration for TDD.
[0069] In some examples, if the first apparatus 110 is in an RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE connection state with the second apparatus 120, the first apparatus 110 may receive, from the second apparatus 120, a message informing the update on the configuration information of the SBFD mode, for example, a short message or a paging message informing SIB update. In some example embodiments, the update on configuration information of the SBFD mode may comprise a removal of the configuration information for the SBFD mode from system information (for example, the SIB) .
[0070] Alternatively, or in addition, the update on configuration information of the SBFD mode may comprise an indication (for example, a tag) of disabling the SBFD mode. Alternatively, or in addition, the update on configuration information of the SBFD mode may comprise at least one identity of at least one candidate cell in the SBFD mode, for example, identity of at least one neighbor cell which are still operating in the SBFD mode.
[0071] Based on the indication information, the first apparatus 110 triggers (530) a timer related to the mode switch, and the second apparatus 120 triggers (532) a timer related to the mode switch. Thus, the timer may be started (i.e., triggered) based on the indication information. For example, the first apparatus 110 may start the timer based on receiving the indication information. For example, the second apparatus 12 may start the timer based on transmitting the indication information. For example, the second apparatus 120 may trigger the timer in response the transmission of the indication information, and the first apparatus 110 may trigger the timer in response to the reception of the indication information. One example of a timer is a countdown timer which is started with a certain value (e.g., initial value) . Such a timer may run down to a certain other value (e.g., zero) and when it reaches said certain other value, the timer may expire. The initial value may be indicated by the timer configuration information or by the indication information.
[0072] In some example embodiments, while the timer is running, the first apparatus 110 determines whether the first apparatus 110 is to stay in the serving cell or switch to a different cell. If the first apparatus 110 is to switch to the different cell while the timer is running, the first apparatus 110 may initiate a cell switch or a handover from the serving cell to the different cell. In other words, based on the first apparatus 110 determining to switch or handover to the different cell (i.e. some other cell which is different than the serving cell for which mode change is going to happen) , the first apparatus 110 may initiate cell switch or handover as described. It is noted that switching cell may comprise cell switch in RRC idle or RRC inactive modes (e.g. cell (re) selection) , or it may comprise handover in RRC connected mode.
[0073] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may have received the update on configuration information for the SBFD including the measurement configuration for the mode switch. Therefore, based on the measurement configuration for the mode switch, the first apparatus 110 may perform measurements relative to the serving cell and at least one candidate cell to obtain measurement results.
[0074] In some example embodiments, while the timer is running (i.e., has been started) , the first apparatus 110 may determine, based on the measurement results, whether the first apparatus 110 is to stay in the serving cell or switch to the different cell amongst the at least one candidate cell. For example, in case where the SBFD-aware UE is in an RRC_IDLE or an RRC_INACTIVE state, depending on a comparison result of the measurement results to a measurement threshold (s) , the SBFD-UE may determine whether to reselect to a different cell in the TDD mode or a different cell in the SBFD mode, or may determine whether to stay in the current cell and fall back to the TDD mode. In another example, in case where the SBFD-aware UE is in an RRC_CONNECTED state, depending on the measurement results comparing to a measurement threshold, the SBFD-UE may determine whether to handover or redirect to a neighbor cell, or whether to stay in the current cell and switch to the TDD mode.
[0075] Alternatively, or in addition, the first apparatus 110 may transmit the measurement results to the second apparatus 120 for the second apparatus 120 to decide whether the first apparatus 110 should perform a cell switch or a handover. In some example embodiments, after the reception of the measurement results, the second apparatus 120 may decide whether the first apparatus should perform a cell switch or handover. Then, the second apparatus 120 may transmit, to the first apparatus 110, a fourth indication of whether to switch from the serving cell to a different cell, based on the received measurement results.
[0076] If the timer expires or the timer fulfills a criterion, the second apparatus 120 performs (540) the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode for one or more of the at least one first apparatus within the serving cell, and the first apparatus 110 performs (542) the mode switch based on that the first apparatus 110 is to stay in the serving cell. In some example embodiments, the criterion may comprise that a value associated with the timer fulfills a criterion, for example, the timer is within the threshold time away from expiry. That is, based on the timer expiring or fulfilling a criterion and that the first apparatus 110 is to stay in the serving cell, the first apparatus 110 may perform the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode. For example, the first apparatus 110 may determine that the first apparatus 110 is to stay in the serving cell (e.g. determine that no handover or cell reselection to different cell is to be performed) and also determine that the timer expires or has expired, and based on the determination perform the mode switch from SBFD mode to the TDD mode in the serving cell.
[0077] In some example embodiments, if the cell switch is not successfully completed before the timer expires, the first apparatus 110 may perform the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode. For example, for a UE in RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE mode, if the first apparatus 110 switching to the different cell amongst the at least one candidate cell (also referred to as cell reselection) failed, or if the cell reselection criteria is not met, the UE stays in the current serving cell, and the SBFD aware UE switches to the TDD mode. So, in this case the first apparatus 110 may determine that the cell switch was not successfully completed before the expiry of the timer and based on that change the mode. Also, in this case the mode change may happen based on the expiry of the timer or the timer fulfilling a criterion.
[0078] In some example embodiments, in case where the first apparatus 110 is in a connected state with the second apparatus 120, the second apparatus 120 may perform a cell switch for a first apparatus 110 in the connected state. If the cell switch is not successfully completed before the timer expires, the second apparatus may perform a connection release with the first apparatus 110 in the connected state. For example, for a SBFD-aware UE in the RRC_CONNECTED state, if the SBFD-aware UE does not get a handover command or does not meet a criterion for handover, the SBFD-aware UE switches to the TDD mode in the current cell. If the handover failed, the SBFD-aware UE also may operate in the TDD mode in the serving cell, or the SBFD-aware UE may perform an RRC connection release.
[0079] In the following, an example mode switch process from the SBFD mode to TDD mode is provided. FIG. 6 illustrates an example signaling flow 600 for mode switch according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The signaling flow 600 involves a neighbor cell 602, a UE in RRC connected mode (also referred to as an RRC_CONNECTED UE or UE in RRC connected state) 604, a serving cell 606, and a UE in RRC idle or inactive mode (also referred to as an RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE or UE in RRC idle / RRC inactive state) 608.
[0080] As shown in FIG. 6, the mode switch (for example, fallback) for the RRC_CONNECTED UE 604 is provided. At 610, the RRC_CONNECTED UE 604 communicates with the serving cell 606 with SBFD uplink or downlink data. At 612, the serving cell 606 (or more particularly, a network node providing the serving cell 606) transmits, to the RRC_CONNECTED UE 604, a configuration associated with fallback to the TDD mode, and a timer (e.g., a fallback timer) starts in the serving cell 606. The configuration includes indication information related to a mode switch from a SBFD mode to a TDD mode.
[0081] The RRC_CONNECTED UE 604 which receives the configuration or more particularly, the indication information, also starts the timer related to the mode switch. The RRC_CONNECTED UE 604 UE may also initiate cell measurements with respect to the serving cell 606 and / or the neighbor cell 602. At 614, the neighbor cell 602 (or more particularly network node providing the neighbor cell 602) measures signal quality of the RRC_CONNECTED UE 604 through at least one of Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) , Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) , or Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) parameters to obtain measurement reports. At 616, the RRC_CONNECTED UE 604 transmits the measurement reports to the serving cell 606.
[0082] In some cases, the RRC_CONNECTED UE 604 decides to perform a handover from the serving cell 606 to the neighbor cell 602 based on the measurement reports, and / or based on a handover command from the serving cell 606 (which makes the handover decision for the RRC_CONNECTED UE 604. In these cases, at 618, the RRC_CONNECTED UE 604 and the serving cell 606 may perform a handover preparation. At 620, the handover of the RRC_CONNECTED UE 604 from the serving cell 606 to the neighbor cell 602 completes. At 622, if the RRC_CONNECT UE 604 decides to stay in the serving cell 606 or the handover procedure does not complete, and the timer times out, the serving cell 606 completes the fallback to the TDD mode for the RRC_CONNECTED UE 604. In this case, the RRC_CONNECT UE 604 may also perform the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode when the timer expires. After the mode switch, the serving cell 606 and the RRC_CONNECT UE 604 may communicate with each other in the TDD mode.
[0083] Furthermore, the mode switch (for example, fallback) for the RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE 608 is provided. At 630, the serving cell 606 transmits an indication of SIB updates to the RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE 608. At 632, the serving cell 606 transmits SIB updates to the RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE 608 and a timer starts. The SIB updates may be transmitted with indication information related to a mode switch from a SBFD mode to a TDD mode. Based on the transmission of the indication information, a timer related to the mode switch starts in the serving cell 606. Based on the reception of the indication information, a timer related to the mode switch starts in the RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE 608.
[0084] The RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE 608 may also initiate cell measurements with respect to the serving cell 606 and / or the neighbor cell 602. At 634, the neighbor cell 602 measures signal quality of the RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE 608 through at least one of RSRP, RSSI, or RSRQ parameters to obtain measurement results for the RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE 608. In some cases, the RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE 608 determines, based on the measurement results, that a cell reselection to the neighbor cell 602 is to be initiated. In these cases, at 636, the RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE 608 performs a cell reselection to a target cell, i.e., the neighbor cell 602.
[0085] At 638, if the RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE 608 decides to stay in the serving cell 606 or the cell reselection does not complete, and the timer times out, the serving cell 606 completes the fallback to the TDD mode for the RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE 608. In this case, the RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE 608 may also perform the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode when the timer expires. After the mode switch, the serving cell 606 and the RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE 608 may communicate in the TDD mode.
[0086] FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of an example method 700 implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 700 will be described from the perspective of the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1.
[0087] At block 710, the first apparatus 110 receives, from a second apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode to a time division duplex (TDD) mode within a serving cell.
[0088] At block 720, based on the indication information, the first apparatus 110 triggers a timer related to the mode switch.
[0089] At block 730, in accordance with a determination that the timer expires and based on that the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell, the first apparatus 110 performs the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode.
[0090] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 determines whether the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell or switch to a different cell while the timer is running. In accordance with a determination that the first apparatus is to switch to the different cell and that the timer is running, the first apparatus 110 initiates a cell switch from the serving cell to the different cell.
[0091] In some example embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the cell switch is not successfully completed before the timer expires, the first apparatus 110 performs the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode.
[0092] In some example embodiments, when the first apparatus is in a connected state, in accordance with a determination that the cell switch is not successfully completed before the timer expires, the first apparatus 110 performs a connection release from the serving cell.
[0093] In some example embodiments, the indication information comprises at least one of the following: a first indication to trigger the timer, a second indication of performance loss for uplink after switching from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode, or a third indication of update on configuration information for the SBFD mode.
[0094] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 receives, from the second apparatus, timer configuration information for the timer; or the timer configuration information for the timer is preconfigured in the first apparatus.
[0095] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 receives, from the second apparatus, an update on configuration information for the SBFD mode, where the update on the configuration information for the SBFD mode comprises at least one of the following: a measurement configuration for the mode switch, or configuration information for the TDD mode.
[0096] In some example embodiments, when the first apparatus is in an idle state or an inactive state, the update on the configuration information for the SBFD mode comprises at least one of the following: a removal of the configuration information for the SBFD mode from system information, an indication of disabling the SBFD mode, or at least one identity of at least one candidate cell in the SBFD mode.
[0097] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 performs, based on the measurement configuration, measurements relative to the serving cell and at least one candidate cell, to obtain measurement results. While the timer is running, the first apparatus 110 determines, based on the measurement results, whether the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell or switch to the different cell amongst the at least one candidate cell.
[0098] In some example embodiments, when the first apparatus is in a connected state, the first apparatus 110 performs, based on the measurement configuration, measurements relative to the serving cell and at least one candidate cell, to obtain measurement results. The first apparatus 110 transmits the measurement results to the second apparatus. The first apparatus 110 receives, from the second apparatus, a fourth indication of whether to switch from the serving cell to the different cell.
[0099] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is or is comprised in a terminal device, and the second apparatus is or is comprised in a network device.
[0100] FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of an example method 800 implemented at a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 800 will be described from the perspective of the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1.
[0101] At block 810, the second apparatus 120 determines, from a set of first apparatuses operating in a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode within a serving cell, at least one first apparatus for switching to a time division duplex (TDD) mode.
[0102] At block 820, the second apparatus 120 transmits, to the at least one first apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode.
[0103] At block 830, based on the indication information, the second apparatus 120 triggers a timer related to the mode switch.
[0104] At block 840, in accordance with a determination that the timer is expired, the second apparatus 120 performs the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode for one or more of the at least one first apparatus within the serving cell.
[0105] In some example embodiments, the indication information comprises at least one of the following: a first indication to trigger the timer, a second indication of performance loss for uplink after switching from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode, or a third indication of update on configuration information for the SBFD mode.
[0106] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 transmits, to the at least one first apparatus, timer configuration information related to the timer.
[0107] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 transmits, to the at least one first apparatus, an update on configuration information for the SBFD mode, where the update on the configuration information for the SBFD mode comprises at least one of the following: a measurement configuration for the mode switch, or configuration information for the TDD mode.
[0108] In some example embodiments, the update on the configuration information for the SBFD mode transmitted to a first apparatus in an idle state or an inactive state further comprises at least one of the following: a removal of the configuration information for the SBFD mode from system information, an indication of disabling the SBFD mode, or at least one identity of at least one candidate cell in the SBFD mode.
[0109] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 receives measurement results from a first apparatus in a connected state. The second apparatus 120 transmits, to the first apparatus in the connected state, a fourth indication of whether to switch from the serving cell to a different cell.
[0110] In some example embodiments, when the first apparatus is in a connected state, the second apparatus 120 performs a cell switch for a first apparatus in a connected state. In accordance with a determination that the cell switch is not successfully completed before the timer expires, the second apparatus 120 performs a connection release with the first apparatus in the connected state.
[0111] In some example embodiments, a first apparatus capable of performing any of the method 700 (for example, the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 700. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The first apparatus may be implemented as or included in the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1.
[0112] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a second apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode to a time division duplex (TDD) mode within a serving cell; means for, based on the indication information, triggering a timer related to the mode switch; and means for, in accordance with a determination that the timer expires and based on that the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell, performing the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode.
[0113] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for determining whether the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell or switch to a different cell while the timer is running; and means for, in accordance with a determination that the first apparatus is to switch to the different cell and that the timer is running, initiating a cell switch from the serving cell to the different cell.
[0114] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for, in accordance with a determination that the cell switch is not successfully completed before the timer expires, performing the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode.
[0115] In some example embodiments, when the first apparatus is in a connected state, the first apparatus further comprises: means for, in accordance with a determination that the cell switch is not successfully completed before the timer expires, performing a connection release from the serving cell.
[0116] In some example embodiments, the indication information comprises at least one of the following: a first indication to trigger the timer, a second indication of performance loss for uplink after switching from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode, or a third indication of update on configuration information for the SBFD mode.
[0117] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for receiving, from the second apparatus, timer configuration information for the timer; or the timer configuration information for the timer is preconfigured in the first apparatus.
[0118] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for receiving, from the second apparatus, an update on configuration information for the SBFD mode, where the update on the configuration information for the SBFD mode comprises at least one of the following: a measurement configuration for the mode switch, or configuration information for the TDD mode.
[0119] In some example embodiments, when the first apparatus is in an idle state or an inactive state, the update on the configuration information for the SBFD mode comprises at least one of the following: a removal of the configuration information for the SBFD mode from system information, an indication of disabling the SBFD mode, or at least one identity of at least one candidate cell in the SBFD mode.
[0120] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for performing, based on the measurement configuration, measurements relative to the serving cell and at least one candidate cell, to obtain measurement results; and means for while the timer is running, determining, based on the measurement results, whether the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell or switch to the different cell amongst the at least one candidate cell.
[0121] In some example embodiments, when the first apparatus is in a connected state, the first apparatus further comprises: means for performing, based on the measurement configuration, measurements relative to the serving cell and at least one candidate cell, to obtain measurement results; means for transmitting the measurement results to the second apparatus; and means for receiving, from the second apparatus, a fourth indication of whether to switch from the serving cell to the different cell.
[0122] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is or is comprised in a terminal device, and the second apparatus is or is comprised in a network device.
[0123] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 700 or the first apparatus 110. In some example embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the performance of the first apparatus.
[0124] In some example embodiments, a second apparatus capable of performing any of the method 800 (for example, the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1 may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 800. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The second apparatus may be implemented as or included in the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1.
[0125] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus comprises means for determining, from a set of first apparatuses operating in a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode within a serving cell, at least one first apparatus for switching to a time division duplex (TDD) mode; means for transmitting, to the at least one first apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode; means for, based on the indication information, triggering a timer related to the mode switch; and means for, in accordance with a determination that the timer is expired, performing the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode for one or more of the at least one first apparatus within the serving cell.
[0126] In some example embodiments, the indication information comprises at least one of the following: a first indication to trigger the timer, a second indication of performance loss for uplink after switching from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode, or a third indication of update on configuration information for the SBFD mode.
[0127] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting, to the at least one first apparatus, timer configuration information related to the timer.
[0128] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting, to the at least one first apparatus, an update on configuration information for the SBFD mode, where the update on the configuration information for the SBFD mode comprises at least one of the following: a measurement configuration for the mode switch, or configuration information for the TDD mode.
[0129] In some example embodiments, the update on the configuration information for the SBFD mode transmitted to a first apparatus in an idle state or an inactive state further comprises at least one of the following: a removal of the configuration information for the SBFD mode from system information, an indication of disabling the SBFD mode, or at least one identity of at least one candidate cell in the SBFD mode.
[0130] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for receiving measurement results from a first apparatus in a connected state; and means for transmitting, to the first apparatus in the connected state, a fourth indication of whether to switch from the serving cell to a different cell.
[0131] In some example embodiments, when the first apparatus is in a connected state, the second apparatus further comprises: means for performing a cell switch for a first apparatus in a connected state; and means for, in accordance with a determination that the cell switch is not successfully completed before the timer expires, performing a connection release with the first apparatus in the connected state.
[0132] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 800 or the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the performance of the second apparatus.
[0133] FIG. 9 is a simplified block diagram of a device 900 that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 900 may be provided to implement a communication device, for example, the first apparatus 110 or the second apparatus 120 as shown in FIG. 1. As shown, the device 900 includes one or more processors 910, one or more memories 920 coupled to the processor 910, and one or more communication modules 940 coupled to the processor 910.
[0134] The communication module 940 is for bidirectional communications. The communication module 940 has one or more communication interfaces to facilitate communication with one or more other modules or devices. The communication interfaces may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements. In some example embodiments, the communication module 940 may include at least one antenna.
[0135] The processor 910 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 900 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0136] The memory 920 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a Read Only Memory (ROM) 924, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM) , a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD) , a digital video disk (DVD) , an optical disk, a laser disk, and other magnetic storage and / or optical storage. Examples of the volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a random access memory (RAM) 922 and other volatile memories that will not last in the power-down duration.
[0137] A computer program 930 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 910. The instructions of the program 930 may include instructions for performing operations / acts of some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The program 930 may be stored in the memory, e.g., the ROM 924. The processor 910 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 930 into the RAM 922.
[0138] The example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program 930 so that the device 900 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 8. The example embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.
[0139] In some example embodiments, the program 930 may be tangibly contained in a computer readable medium which may be included in the device 900 (such as in the memory 920) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 900. The device 900 may load the program 930 from the computer readable medium to the RAM 922 for execution. In some example embodiments, the computer readable medium may include any types of non-transitory storage medium, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like. The term “non-transitory, ” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .
[0140] FIG. 10 shows an example of the computer readable medium 1000 which may be in form of CD, DVD or other optical storage disk. The computer readable medium 1000 has the program 930 stored thereon.
[0141] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, and other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. Although various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0142] Some example embodiments of the present disclosure also provide at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a computer readable medium, such as a non-transitory computer readable medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target physical or virtual processor, to carry out any of the methods as described above. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0143] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0144] In the context of the present disclosure, the computer program code or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of the carrier include a signal, computer readable medium, and the like.
[0145] The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0146] Further, although operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, although several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Unless explicitly stated, certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, unless explicitly stated, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in a plurality of embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0147] Although the present disclosure has been described in languages specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A first apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus at least to:receive, from a second apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode to a time division duplex (TDD) mode within a serving cell;based on the indication information, trigger a timer related to the mode switch; andin accordance with a determination that the timer expires and based on that the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell, perform the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode.2.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus is caused to:determine whether the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell or switch to a different cell while the timer is running; andin accordance with a determination that the first apparatus is to switch to the different cell and that the timer is running, initiate a cell switch from the serving cell to the different cell.3.The first apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first apparatus is caused to:in accordance with a determination that the cell switch is not successfully completed before the timer expires, perform the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode.4.The first apparatus of claim 2, wherein, when the first apparatus is in a connected state, the first apparatus is caused to:in accordance with a determination that the cell switch is not successfully completed before the timer expires, perform a connection release from the serving cell.5.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the indication information comprises at least one of the following:a first indication to trigger the timer,a second indication of performance loss for uplink after switching from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode, ora third indication of update on configuration information for the SBFD mode.6.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first apparatus is caused to: receive, from the second apparatus, timer configuration information for the timer; orwherein the timer configuration information for the timer is preconfigured in the first apparatus.7.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first apparatus is caused to:receive, from the second apparatus, an update on configuration information for the SBFD mode,wherein the update on the configuration information for the SBFD mode comprises at least one of the following:a measurement configuration for the mode switch, orconfiguration information for the TDD mode.8.The first apparatus of claim 7, wherein, when the first apparatus is in an idle state or an inactive state, the update on the configuration information for the SBFD mode comprises at least one of the following:a removal of the configuration information for the SBFD mode from system information,an indication of disabling the SBFD mode, orat least one identity of at least one candidate cell in the SBFD mode.9.The first apparatus of claim 7 or 8, wherein the first apparatus is caused to:perform, based on the measurement configuration, measurements relative to the serving cell and at least one candidate cell, to obtain measurement results; andwhile the timer is running, determine, based on the measurement results, whether the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell or switch to the different cell amongst the at least one candidate cell.10.The first apparatus of claim 7 or 8, wherein, when the first apparatus is in a connected state, the first apparatus is caused to:perform, based on the measurement configuration, measurements relative to the serving cell and at least one candidate cell, to obtain measurement results;transmit the measurement results to the second apparatus; andreceive, from the second apparatus, a fourth indication of whether to switch from the serving cell to the different cell.11.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first apparatus is or is comprised in a terminal device, and the second apparatus is or is comprised in a network device.12.A second apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus at least to:determine, from a set of first apparatuses operating in a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode within a serving cell, at least one first apparatus for switching to a time division duplex (TDD) mode;transmit, to the at least one first apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode;based on the indication information, trigger a timer related to the mode switch; andin accordance with a determination that the timer is expired, perform the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode for one or more of the at least one first apparatus within the serving cell.13.The second apparatus of claim 12, wherein the indication information comprises at least one of the following:a first indication to trigger the timer,a second indication of performance loss for uplink after switching from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode, ora third indication of update on configuration information for the SBFD mode.14.The second apparatus of claim 12 or 13, wherein the second apparatus is further caused to:transmit, to the at least one first apparatus, timer configuration information related to the timer.15.The second apparatus of any of claims 12 to 14, wherein the second apparatus is further caused to:transmit, to the at least one first apparatus, an update on configuration information for the SBFD mode,wherein the update on the configuration information for the SBFD mode comprises at least one of the following:a measurement configuration for the mode switch, orconfiguration information for the TDD mode.16.The second apparatus of claim 13 or 14, wherein the update on the configuration information for the SBFD mode transmitted to a first apparatus in an idle state or an inactive state further comprises at least one of the following:a removal of the configuration information for the SBFD mode from system information,an indication of disabling the SBFD mode, orat least one identity of at least one candidate cell in the SBFD mode.17.The second apparatus of any of claims 12 to 16, wherein the second apparatus is further caused to:receive measurement results from a first apparatus in a connected state; andtransmit, to the first apparatus in the connected state, a fourth indication of whether to switch from the serving cell to a different cell.18.The second apparatus of any of claims 12 to 17, wherein, when the first apparatus is in a connected state, the second apparatus is caused to:perform a cell switch for a first apparatus in a connected state; andin accordance with a determination that the cell switch is not successfully completed before the timer expires, perform a connection release with the first apparatus in the connected state.19.A method comprising:receiving, by a first apparatus from a second apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode to a time division duplex (TDD) mode within a serving cell;based on the indication information, triggering a timer related to the mode switch; andin accordance with a determination that the timer expires and based on that the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell, performing the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode.20.A method comprising:determining, by a second apparatus from a set of first apparatuses operating in a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode within a serving cell, at least one first apparatus for switching to a time division duplex (TDD) mode;transmitting, to the at least one first apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode;based on the indication information, triggering a timer related to the mode switch; andin accordance with a determination that the timer is expired, performing the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode for one or more of the at least one first apparatus within the serving cell.21.A first apparatus comprising:means for receiving, from a second apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode to a time division duplex (TDD) mode within a serving cell;means for, based on the indication information, triggering a timer related to the mode switch; andmeans for, in accordance with a determination that the timer expires and based on that the first apparatus is to stay in the serving cell, performing the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode.22.A second apparatus comprising:means for determining, from a set of first apparatuses operating in a sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) mode within a serving cell, at least one first apparatus for switching to a time division duplex (TDD) mode;means for transmitting, to the at least one first apparatus, indication information related to a mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode;means for, based on the indication information, triggering a timer related to the mode switch; andmeans for, in accordance with a determination that the timer is expired, performing the mode switch from the SBFD mode to the TDD mode for one or more of the at least one first apparatus within the serving cell.23.A computer readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus at least to perform the method of claim 19 or 20.
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