Techniques for uplink power control selection
By dynamically selecting uplink power control schemes based on power control parameters, the UE ensures reliable communication and improved coverage in asymmetric wireless networks with diverse transmission and reception points.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/073752
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-31
AI Technical Summary
In wireless communications systems with asymmetric downlink and uplink nodes, UEs face challenges in determining appropriate uplink power control schemes when switching between different types of transmission and reception points, leading to decreased communication reliability and reduced coverage.
A UE determines an uplink power control scheme based on information associated with power control parameters such as pathloss offset, closed loop indexes, and threshold comparisons, enabling dynamic selection of power control mechanisms to maintain accurate uplink transmission power calculations.
This approach enhances communication reliability and increases coverage and capacity in dense uplink deployment scenarios by ensuring appropriate power control schemes are selected for different transmission and reception points.
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Figure CN2024073752_31072025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNIQUES FOR UPLINK POWER CONTROL SELECTION
[0001] FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY
[0002] The following relates to wireless communications, including techniques for uplink power control selection.BACKGROUND
[0003] Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) . Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) , or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) . A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE) .
[0004] Some wireless communications system may deploy asymmetric communication nodes to improve coverage, capacity, or both. A UE may accordingly communicate with a network entity via nodes that support uplink communications and nodes that support both uplink and downlink communications.SUMMARY
[0005] The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support techniques for uplink power control selection. For example, the described techniques may enable a UE to select an uplink power control scheme based on one or more power control parameters (e.g., pathloss offset, a closed loop index, a control signaling indication, a pathloss threshold, or other parameters) . The UE may calculate an uplink transmission power based on the selected uplink power control scheme. For example, the UE may calculate the uplink transmission power based on a downlink pathloss in accordance with a first power control scheme or the UE may calculate the uplink transmission power based on a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with a second power control scheme. Accordingly, the UE may transmit one or more uplink signals in accordance with the calculated uplink transmission power.
[0006] A method for wireless communications by a UE is described. The method may include determining whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based on information indicative of one or more power control parameters, calculating, based on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme, and transmitting one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power.
[0007] A UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code to cause the UE to determine whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based on information indicative of one or more power control parameters, calculate, based on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme, and transmit one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power.
[0008] Another UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include means for determining whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based on information indicative of one or more power control parameters, means for calculating, based on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme, and means for transmitting one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power.
[0009] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to determine whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based on information indicative of one or more power control parameters, calculate, based on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme, and transmit one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power.
[0010] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, via one or more control messages including the information indicative of the one or more power control parameters, an indication of a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state that may be associated with the one or more uplink signals, where determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme may be based on the TCI state and a unified TCI configuration.
[0011] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme may include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining to use the second power control scheme based on the one or more power control parameters of the TCI state being associated with the pathloss offset, where the uplink transmit power may be calculated using the difference between the reference pathloss and the pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme.
[0012] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme may include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining to use the first power control scheme based on the one or more power control parameters of the TCI state excluding the pathloss offset, where the uplink transmit power may be calculated using the downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme.
[0013] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, via one or more control messages including the information indicative of the one or more power control parameters, an indication of one or more closed loop indexes that may be associated with the one or more uplink signals, where determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme may be based on the one or more closed loop indexes.
[0014] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme may be based on a preconfigured rule associated with the one or more closed loop indexes and the first power control scheme may be used for a first closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the preconfigured rule, and the second power control scheme may be used for a second closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the preconfigured rule.
[0015] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, via one or more radio resource control (RRC) messages, a second indication including a rule associated with the one or more closed loop indexes, where determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme may be based on the rule, where the first power control scheme may be used for one or both of a first closed loop index or a second closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the rule, or the second power control scheme may be used for one or both of the first closed loop index or the second closed loop index in accordance with the rule, or any combination thereof.
[0016] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, via one or more control messages including the information, an indication of the one or more power control parameters, where determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme may be based on the indication.
[0017] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more control messages include one or more downlink control information (DCI) messages that schedule the one or more uplink signals and the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium may include further operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the indication of the one or more power control parameters via a field of the one or more DCI messages that indicates to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme, where the uplink transmit power may be calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the indication.
[0018] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more control messages include one or more RRC messages and the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium may include further operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the indication via an information element of the one or more RRC messages that indicates to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme for the one or more uplink signals, where the uplink transmit power may be calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the indication.
[0019] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more control messages include one or more medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) messages that indicate the one or more power control parameters including the pathloss offset associated with the one or more uplink signals, determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme may be based on a value of the pathloss offset, and the uplink transmit power may be calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the value of the pathloss offset.
[0020] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more control messages include one or more medium access control-control element messages and the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium may include further operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the indication via a bit of the one or more MAC-CE messages that indicates to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme, where the uplink transmit power may be calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the indication.
[0021] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for identifying a threshold associated with the one or more power control parameters associated with the one or more uplink signals, where determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme may be based on whether a measured downlink pathloss of a downlink signal associated with the one or more uplink signals satisfies the threshold.
[0022] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving one or more RRC messages including an indication of the threshold, where the threshold may be based on the one or more RRC messages.
[0023] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining an uplink pathloss based on the reference pathloss and the pathloss offset, where the threshold includes the uplink pathloss.
[0024] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more uplink signals include one or more physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions, one or more physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmissions, one or more sounding reference signals (SRSs) , or any combination thereof.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0026] FIG. 2 shows an example of a network architecture that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0027] FIG. 3 shows an example of an uplink dense deployment that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0028] FIG. 4 shows an example of a power control configuration that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 5 shows an example of a signaling sequence that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0030] FIG. 6 shows an example of a process flow that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0031] FIGs. 7 and 8 show diagrams of devices that support techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0032] FIG. 9 shows a diagram of a communications manager that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0033] FIG. 10 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0034] FIGs. 11 through 14 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] In some deployment scenarios, to improve uplink coverage, capacity, or both, asymmetric downlink and uplink nodes may be deployed. Such a network configuration may include a use (e.g., deployment) of one or more uplink reception points (which may be referred to or understood as “uplink Rx points, ” “uplink-only nodes, ” or “uplink-only transmission reception points (TRPs) ” ) located throughout a geographic area to provide more points to which a UE may transmit uplink signaling (e.g., in addition to a base station that is capable of both downlink and uplink communication) . An uplink reception point, in some cases, may not be configured to (e.g., be incapable of) transmitting downlink signaling, such that a UE may receive downlink signaling from a downlink transmission point (which may be a base station or collocated with the base station, and which may be referred to as a “downlink Tx point, ” a “downlink TRP, ” an “uplink / downlink TRP, ” or some similar terminology) , and the UE may transmit signaling to an uplink reception point that is non-collocated with (e.g., positionally or geographically separated from) the downlink transmission point.
[0036] In some systems, uplink power control mechanisms may utilize one or more downlink reference signals (e.g., to measure a downlink pathloss) to compensate for pathloss associated with a communication link. For instance, when directly communicating uplink signals to a downlink transmission point (e.g., a network entity capable of both downlink and uplink communications, a gNB) a UE may calculate an uplink transmit power (e.g., an uplink transmission power) based on a measured downlink pathloss from one or more downlink signals received from the downlink transmission point (e.g., in accordance with a first power control scheme) . However, in some scenarios, the UE may indirectly communicate with the downlink transmission point via one or more uplink reception points (e.g., uplink-only TRPs) that are incapable of transmitting downlink reference signals. In such scenarios, the UE may calculate an uplink transmit power based on other parameters such as a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset (e.g., associated with an uplink-only TRP, in accordance with a second power control scheme) . To support uplink power control for communications with various TRP types, a UE may support multiple uplink power control schemes (e.g., formulas, equations, algorithms) to improve power control calculations. However, mechanisms to determine which power control scheme to use for a given uplink transmission (e.g., based on whether the UE establishes an uplink connection with a downlink transmission point or an uplink reception point) may not be defined. Thus, if a UE switches uplink communications between a downlink reception point and an uplink reception point (or between two different uplink reception points) , the UE may not be able to determine an appropriate uplink power control scheme, which may result in decreased communication reliability and reduced coverage.
[0037] In accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure, a UE may be configured to determine (e.g., select, identify, derive) a scheme (e.g., formula, equation, algorithm) for uplink power control based on information associated with one or more uplink power control parameters (e.g., configuration parameters, signaling parameters, thresholds) . In some examples, the UE may determine an uplink power control scheme based on whether a pathloss offset parameter is configured for the UE (e.g., as part of an indicated TCI state) . For example, if a pathloss offset is configured, the UE may assume that its uplink communications are associated with an uplink-only reception point, and the UE may select an uplink power control scheme corresponding to uplink transmissions to uplink-only reception points. Otherwise, the UE may assume uplink communications associated with a downlink transmission point (e.g., an uplink and downlink TRP) and may select a different uplink power control scheme.
[0038] Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may determine an uplink power control scheme based on one or more closed loop indexes associated with uplink communications. For example, a rule (e.g., an instruction, an algorithm) may be preconfigured at the UE, or may be indicated to the UE, that defines specific uplink power control selections based on various values of the one or more closed loop indexes. In some other examples, the UE may receive signaling indicating one or more power control parameters (e.g., via RRC signaling, MAC-CE, and / or DCI signaling) that indicate an uplink power control scheme for the UE to use. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may determine an uplink power control scheme based on a comparison of a measured downlink pathloss to a threshold (e.g., a threshold that is configured or derived by the UE) . For example, the UE may select a power control scheme based on whether the measured downlink pathloss satisfies the threshold. Accordingly, by supporting mechanisms to dynamically determine an uplink power control scheme, a UE may achieve increased reliability in dense uplink deployment scenarios, and a network may reliably support increased coverage and capacity. For instance, a UE may be enabled to reliably switch communications between various transmission and reception points and maintain accurate uplink transmission power calculations.
[0039] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Additionally, aspects of the disclosure are described in the context of uplink dense deployments, power control configurations, signaling sequences, and process flows. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to techniques for uplink power control selection.
[0040] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more devices, such as one or more network devices (e.g., network entities 105) , one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be an LTE network, an LTE-A network, an LTE-A Pro network, a NR network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0041] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, network entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via communication link (s) 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link) . For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish the communication link (s) 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs) .
[0042] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices in the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., other wireless communication devices, including UEs 115 or network entities 105) , as shown in FIG. 1.
[0043] As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a network node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein) , a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein) , a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third nodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.
[0044] In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with a core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocol) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol) , or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link (s) 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link) or one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link) , among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.
[0045] One or more of the network entities 105 or network equipment described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB or giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB) , a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB) , a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology) . In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within one network entity (e.g., a network entity 105 or a single RAN node, such as a base station 140) .
[0046] In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) , which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among multiple network entities (e.g., network entities 105) , such as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , such as a CU 160, a distributed unit (DU) , such as a DU 165, a radio unit (RU) , such as an RU 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) , such as an RIC 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, such as an SMO system 180, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some examples, one or more of the network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0047] The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, or any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3) , layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., RRC, service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU 160 (e.g., one or more CUs) may be connected to a DU 165 (e.g., one or more DUs) or an RU 170 (e.g., one or more RUs) , or some combination thereof, and the DUs 165, RUs 170, or both may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or multiple different RUs, such as an RU 170) . In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165 or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170) . A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to a DU 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU 165 may be connected to an RU 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities (e.g., one or more of the network entities 105) that are in communication via such communication links.
[0048] In some wireless communications systems (e.g., the wireless communications system 100) , infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130) . In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more of the network entities 105 (e.g., network entities 105 or IAB node (s) 104) may be partially controlled by each other. The IAB node (s) 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. A DU 165 or an RU 170 may be partially controlled by a CU 160 associated with a network entity 105 or base station 140 (such as a donor network entity or a donor base station) . The one or more donor entities (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional devices (e.g., IAB node (s) 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link (s) 120) . IAB node (s) 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may be equipped with an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115 or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of IAB node (s) 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node (s) 104 (e.g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT) ) . In some examples, the IAB node (s) 104 may include one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node (s) 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream) . In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., the IAB node (s) 104 or components of the IAB node (s) 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.
[0049] For instance, an access network (AN) or RAN may include communications between access nodes (e.g., an IAB donor) , IAB node (s) 104, and one or more UEs 115. The IAB donor may facilitate connection between the core network 130 and the AN (e.g., via a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130) . That is, an IAB donor may refer to a RAN node with a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130. The IAB donor may include one or more of a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170, in which case the CU 160 may communicate with the core network 130 via an interface (e.g., a backhaul link) . The IAB donor and IAB node (s) 104 may communicate via an F1 interface according to a protocol that defines signaling messages (e.g., an F1 AP protocol) . Additionally, or alternatively, the CU 160 may communicate with the core network 130 via an interface, which may be an example of a portion of a backhaul link, and may communicate with other CUs (e.g., including a CU 160 associated with an alternative IAB donor) via an Xn-C interface, which may be an example of another portion of a backhaul link.
[0050] IAB node (s) 104 may refer to RAN nodes that provide IAB functionality (e.g., access for UEs 115, wireless self-backhauling capabilities) . A DU 165 may act as a distributed scheduling node towards child nodes associated with the IAB node (s) 104, and the IAB-MT may act as a scheduled node towards parent nodes associated with IAB node (s) 104. That is, an IAB donor may be referred to as a parent node in communication with one or more child nodes (e.g., an IAB donor may relay transmissions for UEs through other IAB node (s) 104) . Additionally, or alternatively, IAB node (s) 104 may also be referred to as parent nodes or child nodes to other IAB node (s) 104, depending on the relay chain or configuration of the AN. The IAB-MT entity of IAB node (s) 104 may provide a Uu interface for a child IAB node (e.g., the IAB node (s) 104) to receive signaling from a parent IAB node (e.g., the IAB node (s) 104) , and a DU interface (e.g., a DU 165) may provide a Uu interface for a parent IAB node to signal to a child IAB node or UE 115.
[0051] For example, IAB node (s) 104 may be referred to as parent nodes that support communications for child IAB nodes, or may be referred to as child IAB nodes associated with IAB donors, or both. An IAB donor may include a CU 160 with a wired or wireless connection (e.g., backhaul communication link (s) 120) to the core network 130 and may act as a parent node to IAB node (s) 104. For example, the DU 165 of an IAB donor may relay transmissions to UEs 115 through IAB node (s) 104, or may directly signal transmissions to a UE 115, or both. The CU 160 of the IAB donor may signal communication link establishment via an F1 interface to IAB node (s) 104, and the IAB node (s) 104 may schedule transmissions (e.g., transmissions to the UEs 115 relayed from the IAB donor) through one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) . That is, data may be relayed to and from IAB node (s) 104 via signaling via an NR Uu interface to MT of IAB node (s) 104 (e.g., other IAB node (s) ) . Communications with IAB node (s) 104 may be scheduled by a DU 165 of the IAB donor or of IAB node (s) 104.
[0052] In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support test as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., components such as an IAB node, a DU 165, a CU 160, an RU 170, an RIC 175, an SMO system 180) .
[0053] A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, vehicles, or meters, among other examples.
[0054] The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as UEs 115 that may sometimes operate as relays, as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.
[0055] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via the communication link (s) 125 (e.g., one or more access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined PHY layer structure for supporting the communication link (s) 125. For example, a carrier used for the communication link (s) 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP) ) that is operated according to one or more PHY layer channels for a given RAT (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR) . Each PHY layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information) , control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting, ” “receiving, ” or “communicating, ” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities, such as one or more of the network entities 105) .
[0056] In some examples, such as in a carrier aggregation configuration, a carrier may have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates operations for other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an evolved universal mobile telecommunication system terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) absolute RF channel number (EARFCN) ) and may be identified according to a channel raster for discovery by the UEs 115. A carrier may be operated in a standalone mode, in which case initial acquisition and connection may be conducted by the UEs 115 via the carrier, or the carrier may be operated in a non-standalone mode, in which case a connection is anchored using a different carrier (e.g., of the same or a different RAT) .
[0057] The communication link (s) 125 of the wireless communications system 100 may include downlink transmissions (e.g., forward link transmissions) from a network entity 105 to a UE 115, uplink transmissions (e.g., return link transmissions) from a UE 115 to a network entity 105, or both, among other configurations of transmissions. Carriers may carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in an FDD mode) or may be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode) .
[0058] A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of the RF spectrum and, in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as a “system bandwidth” of the carrier or the wireless communications system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a set of bandwidths for carriers of a particular RAT (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz) ) . Devices of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., the network entities 105, the UEs 115, or both) may have hardware configurations that support communications using a particular carrier bandwidth or may be configurable to support communications using one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may include network entities 105 or UEs 115 that support concurrent communications using carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured for operating using portions (e.g., a sub-band, a BWP) or all of a carrier bandwidth.
[0059] Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) ) . In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both) , such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam) , and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.
[0060] The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of Ts=1 / (Δfmax·Nf) seconds, for which Δfmax may represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and Nf may represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms) ) . Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023) .
[0061] Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period) . In some wireless communications systems, such as the wireless communications system 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.
[0062] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI) . In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs) ) .
[0063] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET) ) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs) ) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to UEs 115 (e.g., one or more UEs) or may include UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a UE 115 (e.g., a specific UE) .
[0064] A network entity 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells, for example a macro cell, a small cell, a hot spot, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof. The term “cell” may refer to a logical communication entity used for communication with a network entity 105 (e.g., using a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier for distinguishing neighboring cells (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID) , a virtual cell identifier (VCID) ) . In some examples, a cell also may refer to a coverage area 110 or a portion of a coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) over which the logical communication entity operates. Such cells may range from smaller areas (e.g., a structure, a subset of structure) to larger areas depending on various factors such as the capabilities of the network entity 105. For example, a cell may be or include a building, a subset of a building, or exterior spaces between or overlapping with coverage areas 110, among other examples.
[0065] A macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by the UEs 115 with service subscriptions with the network provider supporting the macro cell. A small cell may be associated with a network entity 105 operating with lower power (e.g., a base station 140 operating with lower power) relative to a macro cell, and a small cell may operate using the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells may provide unrestricted access to the UEs 115 with service subscriptions with the network provider or may provide restricted access to the UEs 115 having an association with the small cell (e.g., the UEs 115 in a closed subscriber group (CSG) , the UEs 115 associated with users in a home or office) . A network entity 105 may support one or more cells and may also support communications via the one or more cells using one or multiple component carriers.
[0066] In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells, and different cells may be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., MTC, narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) , enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) ) that may provide access for different types of devices.
[0067] In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area, such as the coverage area 110. In some examples, coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) associated with different technologies may overlap, but the coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) may be supported by the same network entity (e.g., a network entity 105) . In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas, such as a coverage area 110, associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities (e.g., the network entities 105) . The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 support communications for coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) using the same or different RATs.
[0068] The wireless communications system 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) may have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different network entities (e.g., different ones of the network entities 105) may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, network entities 105 may have different frame timings, and transmissions from different network entities (e.g., different ones of network entities 105) may, in some examples, not be aligned in time. The techniques described herein may be used for either synchronous or asynchronous operations.
[0069] Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ operating modes that reduce power consumption, such as half-duplex communications (e.g., a mode that supports one-way communication via transmission or reception, but not transmission and reception concurrently) . In some examples, half-duplex communications may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power conservation techniques for the UEs 115 may include entering a power saving deep sleep mode when not engaging in active communications, operating using a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communications) , or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UEs 115 may be configured for operation using a narrowband protocol type that is associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs) ) within a carrier, within a guard-band of a carrier, or outside of a carrier.
[0070] The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) . The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.
[0071] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs (e.g., one or more of the UEs 115) via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link, such as a D2D communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P) , D2D, or sidelink protocol) . In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to-many (1: M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to one or more of the UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.
[0072] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC) , which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management function (AMF) ) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet (s) , an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.
[0073] The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz) . Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than one hundred kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.
[0074] The wireless communications system 100 may also operate using a super high frequency (SHF) region, which may be in the range of 3 GHz to 30 GHz, also known as the centimeter band, or using an extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz) , also known as the millimeter band. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between the UEs 115 and the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140, RUs 170) , and EHF antennas of the respective devices may be smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, such techniques may facilitate using antenna arrays within a device. The propagation of EHF transmissions, however, may be subject to even greater attenuation and shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein may be employed across transmissions that use one or more different frequency regions, and designated use of bands across these frequency regions may differ by country or regulating body.
[0075] The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA) , LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) RAT, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA) . Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.
[0076] A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port. The network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may use MIMO communications to exploit multipath signal propagation and increase spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such techniques may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. The multiple signals may, for example, be transmitted by the transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Likewise, the multiple signals may be received by the receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry information associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords) . Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) , for which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device, and multiple-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) , for which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.
[0077] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation) .
[0078] A network entity 105 or a UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of beamforming operations. For example, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to conduct beamforming operations for directional communications with a UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted by a network entity 105 multiple times along different directions. For example, the network entity 105 may transmit a signal according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different directions of transmission. Transmissions along different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device, such as a network entity 105, or by a receiving device, such as a UE 115) a beam direction for later transmission or reception by the network entity 105.
[0079] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, may be transmitted by a transmitting device (e.g., a network entity 105 or a UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with the receiving device, such as another network entity 105 or UE 115) . In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based on a signal that was transmitted along one or more beam directions. For example, a UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals transmitted by the network entity 105 along different directions and may report to the network entity 105 an indication of the signal that the UE 115 received with a highest signal quality or an otherwise acceptable signal quality.
[0080] In some examples, transmissions by a device (e.g., by a network entity 105 or a UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from a network entity 105 to a UE 115) . The UE 115 may report feedback that indicates precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured set of beams across a system bandwidth or one or more sub-bands. The network entity 105 may transmit a reference signal (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) , a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) ) , which may be precoded or unprecoded. The UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook) . Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted along one or more directions by a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , a UE 115 may employ similar techniques for transmitting signals multiple times along different directions (e.g., for identifying a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by the UE 115) or for transmitting a signal along a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to a receiving device) .
[0081] A quasi co-location (QCL) relationship between one or more transmissions or signals may refer to a relationship between the antenna ports (and the corresponding signaling beams) of the respective transmissions. For example, one or more antenna ports may be implemented by a network entity 105 for transmitting at least one or more reference signals (such as a downlink reference signal, a synchronization signal block (SSB) , or the like) and control information transmissions to a UE 115. However, the channel properties of signals sent via the different antenna ports may be interpreted (e.g., by a receiving device) to be the same (e.g., despite the signals being transmitted from different antenna ports) , and the antenna ports (and the respective beams) may be described as being quasi co-located (QCLed) . QCLed signals may enable the UE 115 to derive the properties of a first signal (e.g., delay spread, Doppler spread, frequency shift, average power) transmitted via a first antenna port from measurements made on a second signal transmitted via a second antenna port. Put another way, if two antenna ports are categorized as being QCLed in terms of, for example, delay spread then the UE 115 may determine the delay spread for one antenna port (e.g., based on a received reference signal, such as CSI-RS) and then apply the result to both antenna ports. Such techniques may avoid the UE 115 determining the delay spread separately for each antenna port. In some cases, two antenna ports may be said to be spatially QCLed, and the properties of a signal sent over a directional beam may be derived from the properties of a different signal over another, different directional beam. That is, QCL relationships may relate to beam information for respective directional beams used for communications of various signals.
[0082] Different types of QCL relationships may describe the relationship between two different signals or antenna ports. For instance, QCL-TypeA may refer to a QCL relationship between signals including Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, and delay spread. QCL-TypeB may refer to a QCL relationship including Doppler shift and Doppler spread, whereas QCL-TypeC may refer to a QCL relationship including Doppler shift and average delay. A QCL-TypeD may refer to a QCL relationship of spatial parameters, which may indicate a relationship between two or more directional beams used to communicate signals. Here, the spatial parameters may indicate that a first beam used to transmit a first signal may be similar (or the same) as another beam used to transmit a second, different, signal, or, that the same receive beam may be used to receive both the first and the second signal. Thus, the beam information for various beams may be derived through receiving signals from a transmitting device, where, in some cases, the QCL information or spatial information may help a receiving device efficient identify communications beams (e.g., without having to sweep through a large quantity of beams to identify a beam (e.g., the beam having a highest signal quality) ) . In addition, QCL relationships may exist for both uplink and downlink transmissions and, in some cases, a QCL relationship may also be referred to as spatial relationship information.
[0083] In some examples, TCI states may include one or more parameters associated with a QCL relationship between transmitted signals. For example, each TCI state includes parameters for configuring a QCL relationship between one or two downlink reference signals and the DMRS ports of PDSCH, the DMRS port of PDCCH or the CSI-RS port (s) of a CSI-RS resource. The QCL relationship is configured by a first higher layer parameter for the first downlink reference signal, and by a second higher layer parameter for the second downlink reference signal (if configured) . That is, a network entity 105 may configure a QCL relationship that provides a mapping between a reference signal and antenna ports of another signal, and the TCI state may be indicated to the UE 115 by the network entity 105. In some cases, a set of TCI states (e.g., a list of TCI states) may be indicated to a UE 115 via RRC signaling, where some quantity of TCI states may be configured via RRC and one or more TCI states may be indicated (e.g., activated) via a MAC-CE, and further indicated via DCI (e.g., within a CORESET) . The QCL relationship associated with the TCI state (and further established through higher-layer parameters) may provide the UE 115 with the QCL relationship for respective antenna ports and reference signals transmitted by the network entity 105. In some aspects, a TCI state may correspond to a direction beam for wireless communications.
[0084] A receiving device (e.g., a UE 115) may perform reception operations in accordance with multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals from a transmitting device (e.g., a network entity 105) , such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals. For example, a receiving device may perform reception in accordance with multiple receive directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as “listening” according to different receive configurations or receive directions. In some examples, a receiving device may use a single receive configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal) . The single receive configuration may be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have a highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) , or otherwise acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions) .
[0085] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may support retransmissions of data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is one technique for increasing the likelihood that data is received correctly via a communication link (e.g., the communication link (s) 125, a D2D communication link 135) . HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) ) , forward error correction (FEC) , and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ) ) . HARQ may improve throughput at the MAC layer in relatively poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise conditions) . In some examples, a device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, in which case the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific slot for data received via a previous symbol in the slot. In some other examples, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot, or according to some other time interval.
[0086] A UE 115 and a network entity 105 may use one of various different power control schemes (e.g., formulas, equations) for uplink power control, such as depending on a type of transmission by the UE 115. For example, for transmissions via a PUSCH, a UE 115 may select a transmit power (e.g., PPUSCH, in decibel milliwatts (dBm) ) in accordance with Equations 1–3, shown below: x=PCMAX, f, c (i) (2)
[0087] In some aspects, the pathloss PLb, f, c (qd) parameter may be associated with a PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS parameter, which may be a sequence of push-PathlossReferenceRS-Id and referencesignal including choices of ssb-Index and csi-RS-Index. One or more PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS parameters may be configured for the UE 115, and a sounding reference signal (SRS) resource indicator (SRI) field in an uplink grant can indicate which PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS parameter to use (e.g., when more than one PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS parameter is configured) . For example, an SRI-PUSCH-PowerControl parameter may be a sequence of sri-PUSCH-PowerControlId, sri-PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS-Id, sri-P0-PUSCH-AlphaSetId, and sri-PUSCH-ClosedLoopIndex. If the UE 115 is not provided PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS, or before the UE 115 is provided dedicated higher layer parameters, the UE may calculate PLb, f, c (qd) using a reference signal resource from a synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) (SS / PBCH) block that the UE 115 uses to obtain a master information block (MIB) . If the PUSCH transmission is scheduled by a random access response (RAR) uplink grant, or for a PUSCH transmission for a Type-2 random access procedure, the UE 115 may use the same reference signal resource index qd as for a corresponding physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission. For PUSCH transmissions, a power control factor alpha (e.g., αb, f, c (j) ) determines a partial pathloss compensation and may be referred to herein as a pathloss compensation coefficient.
[0088] In some aspects, the PCMAX, f, c (i) parameter may be associated with a UE configured maximum output power, the P0, PUSCH, b, f, c (j) parameter may be associated with a sum of a nominal PUSCH power and a configured PUSCH power for the UE 115, the parameter may be associated with a bandwidth of a PUSCH resource, the parameter ΔTF, b, f, c (i) may be associated with a function of PUSCH offset, and the parameter fb, f, c (i, l) may be associated with a PUSCH power controladjustment state.
[0089] For further example, for transmissions via a PUCCH, a UE 115 may select a transmit power (e.g., PPUCCH, in decibel milliwatts (dBm) ) in accordance with Equations 4–6, shown below. x=PCMAX, f, c (i) (5)
[0090] In some aspects, the PLb, f, c (qd) parameter may be associated with a PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS parameter, which may be a sequence of pucch-PathlossReferenceRS-Id and referencesignal including choices of ssb-Index and csi-RS-Index. One or more PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS parameters can be configured for the UE 115 (e.g., via RRC signaling) , and one of the PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS parameters may be activated by MAC-CE for a given PUCCH resource. The transmit power for PUCCH may be determined with a full pathloss compensation (e.g., alpha =1) .
[0091] In some aspects, the parameter PCMAX, f, c (i) may be associated with a UE configured maximum output power, the parameter P0, PUCCH, b, f, c (qu) may be associated with a sum of a nominal PUCCH power and a configured PUCCH power for the UE 115, the parameter may be associated with a bandwidth of a PUCCH resource assignment, the parameter ΔF, PUCCH (F) may be associated with a configured value based on a PUCCH format, the parameter ΔTF, b, f, c (i) may be associated with a PUCCH transmission power adjustment component, and the parameter gb, f, c (i, l) may be associated with a PUCCH power control adjustment state. In some cases, b may correspond to a bandwidth part, f may correspond to a carrier, and c may correspond to a serving cell, qd may correspond to a reference signal index, i may correspond to a transmission occasion, j may correspond to a parameter set configuration index, and l may correspond to a PUSCH power control adjustment state index.
[0092] For further example, to transmit an SRS, a UE 115 may select a transmit power (e.g., in decibel milliwatts (dBm) ) in accordance with Equations 7–9, shown below. x=PCMAX, f, c (i) (8)
[0093] In some aspects, the parameter PCMAX, f, c (i) may be associated with a UE configured maximum output power, the parameter P0, SRS, b, f, c (qs) may be associated with a configured power for an SRS resource set, the parameter MSRS, b, f, c (i) may be associated with an SRS bandwidth, the parameter aSRS, b, f, c (qs) may be associated with a pathloss compensation coefficient, the parameter PLb, f, c (qd) may be associated with a downlink pathloss estimate, and the parameter hb, f, c (i, l) may be associated with an SRS power control adjustment state.
[0094] For SRS transmissions, a pathlossReferenceRS parameter may be configured via RRC signaling per SRS resource set, and the UE 115 may apply the pathlossReferenceRS for all the SRS resources within the set. In some aspects, the pathlossReferenceRS parameter may be updated by MAC-CE for an SRS resource set.
[0095] In some aspects, a unified TCI state may be defined in which a UE 115 may apply a TCI state indication (e.g., indicated via a DCI message until a next TCI state indication is received (e.g., the TCI state indication may be “sticky” ) . That is, the TCI state indication may not be related to a scheduled physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) message and may not be a one-time indication. When the indication is applied, it remains the same for the applicable channels / signals until another DCI format (e.g., another DCI formation 1_1 or 1_2) indicates a different TCI state. The application time of the TCI state may be a first slot that is at least “Y” symbols (e.g., Y being RRC-configured based on UE capability) after a last symbol of PUCCH carrying a HARQ feedback message (e.g., a HARQ-Ack) in response to the DCI message.
[0096] Such TCI state indications may be for uplink or for both downlink and uplink (e.g., even though it may be indicated in downlink DCI formats 1_1 / 1_2) , which may depend on whether separate or joint downlink / uplink TCI states are configured. The indication may be applied for multiple downlink channels or signals (e.g., such as PDSCH, physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) , CSI-RS) and / or multiple uplink channels or signals (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS) . In some cases, a MAC-CE may have already activated two or more TCI states. If a single TCI state is activated, a DCI-based indication may be redundant. Each TCI codepoint (e.g., of TCI field in DCI format 1_1 / 1_2) may be mapped to one active TCI state or one pair of active TCI states (e.g., one downlink TCI state and one uplink TCI state) by the MAC-CE.
[0097] Further, for uplink power control for a unified TCI state, on a setting of uplink power control parameters except pathloss reference signal (e.g., P0, alpha, closed loop index) for unified TCI state, the setting of (P0, alpha, closed loop index) for PUCCH / PUSCH / SRS may be associated with uplink or joint TCI state. The setting of (P0, alpha, closed loop index) may at least be associated with an uplink channel or a reference signal and, thus, the setting of (P0, alpha, closed loop index) may be channel / signal dependent. On pathloss measurement for a unified TCI framework, a pathloss reference signal (configured for pathloss calculation) may either be included in an uplink TCI state, (if applicable) included in a joint TCI state, associated with an uplink TCI state, or (if applicable) associated with a joint TCI state. Such inclusion and / or association may be in accordance with a TCI-State parameter, an Uplink-powerControl parameter, and / or a TCI-UL-State parameter, and one or more of the contents therein. Thus, for any of PUCCH / PUSCH / SRS transmissions, with or without a unified TCI state, the UE 115 may expect to use a pathloss reference signal (e.g., a measurement thereof) as part of calculating or otherwise determining an uplink transmit power.
[0098] In accordance with some examples, implementations of the present disclosure may enable a UE 115 to determine an uplink power control scheme based on information indicative of one or more power control parameters (e.g., a pathloss offset, a closed loop index, a DCI indication, an RRC indication, a MAC-CE indication, a pathloss threshold, or a combination thereof) . In some examples, the UE 115 may determine an uplink power control scheme based on whether a pathloss offset parameter is configured for the UE 115. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115 may determine an uplink power control scheme based on one or more closed loop indexes associated with uplink communications. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115 may receive signaling from a network entity 105 that includes one or more power control parameters that indicate a selected uplink power control scheme. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115 may determine an uplink power control scheme based on a comparison of a measured downlink pathloss to a threshold (e.g., a threshold that is configured or derived by the UE 115) . Accordingly, the wireless communications system 100 may support increased coverage, increased system capacity (e.g., increased uplink traffic capacity) , and improved reliability based on the improved coordination between devices. For instance, a UE 115 may reliably switch between different uplink power control schemes to accurately adjust transmit power in accordance with one or more deployment scenarios.
[0099] FIG. 2 shows an example of a network architecture 200 (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The network architecture 200 may illustrate an example for implementing one or more aspects of the wireless communications system 100. The network architecture 200 may include one or more CUs 160-a that may communicate directly with a core network 130-a via a backhaul communication link 120-a, or indirectly with the core network 130-a through one or more disaggregated network entities 105 (e.g., a Near-RT RIC 175-b via an E2 link, or a Non-RT RIC 175-aassociated with an SMO 180-a (e.g., an SMO Framework) , or both) . A CU 160-a may communicate with one or more DUs 165-a via respective midhaul communication links 162-a (e.g., an F1 interface) . The DUs 165-a may communicate with one or more RUs 170-a via respective fronthaul communication links 168-a. The RUs 170-a may be associated with respective coverage areas 110-a and may communicate with UEs 115-a via one or more communication links 125-a. In some implementations, a UE 115-a may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 170-a.
[0100] Each of the network entities 105 of the network architecture 200 (e.g., CUs 160-a, DUs 165-a, RUs 170-a, Non-RT RICs 175-a, Near-RT RICs 175-b, SMOs 180-a, Open Clouds (O-Clouds) 205, Open eNBs (O-eNBs) 210) may include one or more interfaces or may be coupled with one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals (e.g., data, information) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each network entity 105, or an associated processor (e.g., controller) providing instructions to an interface of the network entity 105, may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other network entities 105 via the transmission medium. For example, the network entities 105 may include a wired interface configured to receive or transmit signals over a wired transmission medium to one or more of the other network entities 105. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entities 105 may include a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, a transmitter, or transceiver (e.g., an RF transceiver) configured to receive or transmit signals, or both, over a wireless transmission medium to one or more of the other network entities 105.
[0101] In some examples, a CU 160-a may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions may include RRC, PDCP, SDAP, or the like. Each control function may be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 160-a. A CU 160-a may be configured to handle user plane functionality (e.g., CU-UP) , control plane functionality (e.g., CU-CP) , or a combination thereof. In some examples, a CU 160-a may be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. A CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface, such as an E1 interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. A CU 160-a may be implemented to communicate with a DU 165-a, as necessary, for network control and signaling.
[0102] A DU 165-a may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more functions (e.g., base station functions, RAN functions) to control the operation of one or more RUs 170-a. In some examples, a DU 165-a may host, at least partially, one or more of an RLC layer, a MAC layer, and one or more aspects of a PHY layer (e.g., a high PHY layer, such as modules for FEC encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, or the like) depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as those defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . In some examples, a DU 165-a may further host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer may be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers hosted by the DU 165-a, or with control functions hosted by a CU 160-a.
[0103] In some examples, lower-layer functionality may be implemented by one or more RUs 170-a. For example, an RU 170-a, controlled by a DU 165-a, may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions, or low-PHY layer functions (e.g., performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) , inverse FFT (iFFT) , digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or the like) , or both, based at least in part on the functional split, such as a lower-layer functional split. In such an architecture, an RU 170-a may be implemented to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 115-a. In some implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU (s) 170-amay be controlled by the corresponding DU 165-a. In some examples, such a configuration may enable a DU 165-a and a CU 160-a to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.
[0104] The SMO 180-a may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network entities 105. For non-virtualized network entities 105, the SMO 180-a may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements which may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (e.g., an O1 interface) . For virtualized network entities 105, the SMO 180-a may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (e.g., an O-Cloud 205) to perform network entity life cycle management (e.g., to instantiate virtualized network entities 105) via a cloud computing platform interface (e.g., an O2 interface) . Such virtualized network entities 105 can include, but are not limited to, CUs 160-a, DUs 165-a, RUs 170-a, and Near-RT RICs 175-b. In some implementations, the SMO 180-a may communicate with components configured in accordance with a 4G RAN (e.g., via an O1 interface) . Additionally, or alternatively, in some implementations, the SMO 180-a may communicate directly with one or more RUs 170-a via an O1 interface. The SMO 180-a also may include a Non-RT RIC 175-a configured to support functionality of the SMO 180-a.
[0105] The Non-RT RIC 175-a may be configured to include a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, Artificial Intelligence (AI) or Machine Learning (ML) workflows including model training and updates, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the Near-RT RIC 175-b. The Non-RT RIC 175-a may be coupled to or communicate with (e.g., via an A1 interface) the Near-RT RIC 175-b. The Near-RT RIC 175-b may be configured to include a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions over an interface (e.g., via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 160-a, one or more DUs 165-a, or both, as well as an O-eNB 210, with the Near-RT RIC 175-b.
[0106] In some examples, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 175-b, the Non-RT RIC 175-a may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 175-b and may be received at the SMO 180-a or the Non-RT RIC 175-a from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 175-a or the Near-RT RIC 175-b may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 175-a may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and employ AI or ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO 180-a (e.g., reconfiguration via O1) or via generation of RAN management policies (e.g., A1 policies) .
[0107] Any one or more of the components, functionalities, or nodes of the network architecture 200 may serve as a downlink transmission point or as an uplink reception point associated with a network entity 105 (such as a network entity 105 as illustrated by and described with reference to FIG. 1) . Additionally, or alternatively, the network architecture 200 may include additional components, functionalities, or nodes that serve as a downlink transmission point (e.g., capable of both uplink and downlink transmissions) or as an uplink reception point associated with a network entity 105. In some aspects, a network entity 105 may use (e.g., leverage) one or multiple uplink reception points, in addition or as an alternative to uplink capabilities at the network entity 105 itself, to increase the uplink coverage provided by the network entity 105.
[0108] In some implementations, a UE 115 may be configured (e.g., by a network entity 105, via a CU 160-a, via a DU 165-a) to selectively determine an uplink power control scheme based on one or more power control parameters. In some examples, the UE 115 may determine an uplink power control scheme based on whether a pathloss offset parameter is configured for the UE 115. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115 may determine an uplink power control scheme based on one or more closed loop indexes associated with uplink communications. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115 may receive signaling from a network entity 105 with one or more power control parameters that indicate a selected uplink power control scheme. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115 may determine an uplink power control scheme based on a comparison of a measured downlink pathloss to a threshold (e.g., a threshold that is configured or derived by the UE 115) . Accordingly, the network architecture 200 may support increased reliability, increased coverage, and improved capacity based on the improved coordination between devices.
[0109] FIG. 3 shows an example of an uplink dense deployment 300 that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The uplink dense deployment 300 may implement or be implemented to realize aspects of the wireless communications system 100 or the network architecture 200. For example, the uplink dense deployment 300 illustrates a system including a downlink transmission point 305 (e.g., a point that supports both downlink and uplink communications) and uplink reception points 310 connected with the downlink transmission point 305 via backhaul links 315. In some implementations, the downlink transmission point 305 and the uplink reception points 310 may be associated with a network entity 105, such as a network entity 105 as illustrated by or described with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2. Further, although illustrated as including multiple uplink reception points 310, the uplink dense deployment 300 may include any quantity of one or more uplink reception points 310.
[0110] The network entity 105 may refer to a base station, a gNB, or another entity or node that controls or is otherwise associated with (such as connected with via a backhaul link) one or more uplink reception points 310. Thus, the network entity 105 may be understood as including one or more uplink reception points 310 and / or as being communicatively coupled with the one or more uplink reception points 310 (via, for example, one or more backhaul links 315, which may be wired or wireless) . Accordingly, the network entity 105 may receive or otherwise obtain uplink signaling from one or more UEs 115 via one or more uplink reception points 310.
[0111] The network entity 105 may also include or otherwise control the downlink transmission point 305 via which the network entity 105 transmits downlink signals or channels (e.g., via downlink 320 to the UE 115) . Such a downlink transmission point 305 may be associated with (e.g., may be) a macro node associated with the network entity 105, a central node associated with the network entity 105, a serving cell associated with the network entity 105, or a serving base station associated with the network entity 105. The network entity 105 may support both uplink and downlink communication via its collocated (or approximately collocated) antenna panels and may use the one or more uplink reception points 310 to supplement the uplink coverage or capacity provided by the network entity 105 (e.g., to receive signals via an uplink 325 from a UE 115) . For example, the network entity 105 may be collocated with the downlink transmission point 305, may additionally include uplink reception capabilities via one or more antenna panels, and may control or otherwise be associated with the (non-collocated) uplink reception points 310 to supplement uplink coverage and capacity.
[0112] In other words, the uplink dense deployment 300 may be configured or allocated to improve coverage and / or capacity of uplink communication and may be associated with an asymmetric downlink / uplink densification. By providing and using the uplink reception points 310, the network entity 105 may reduce uplink pathloss, which may be helpful in scenarios in which uplink coverage is a bottleneck for uplink communication, and in terms of deployment cost and / or complexity because the uplink reception points 310 may not transmit any downlink signaling. Instead, an uplink reception point 310 may receive an uplink signal or channel and send (e.g., forward, relay, or transmit) the signal or channel (or information parsed or decoded from the signal or channel) to the network entity 105 (e.g., the macro node) . An uplink reception point 310 may send the signal or channel (or information parsed or decoded therefrom) to the network entity 105 with complete or partial processing or without any processing.
[0113] The UE 115 may support multiple power control schemes 340 for uplink transmit power associated with one or more uplink signals 335 (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH, and / or SRS) . In some cases, for uplink transmissions to a downlink transmission point 305 (e.g., a downlink TRP) , a UE 115 may apply a first power control scheme 340-a (e.g., in accordance with Equations 1–9 as described with reference to FIG. 1) . In the first power control scheme 340-a, a pathloss compensation may be based on a measured downlink pathloss (e.g., PLb, f, c (qd) ) . However, for uplink transmissions (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS) to an uplink reception point 310 (e.g., an uplink-only TRP) , there may be no downlink reference signal received from the uplink reception point 310, and thus, the UE 115 may not be able to measure (e.g., derive) the downlink pathloss associated with the uplink reception point 310. Accordingly, the UE 115 may apply a second power control scheme 340-b in which the pathloss compensation may be based on a reference pathloss (e.g., PLb, f, c, reference) and a pathloss offset relative to the reference pathloss (e.g., instead of a measured downlink pathloss) . For instance, the second power control scheme 340-b may replace the measured downlink pathloss (e.g., PLb, f, c (qd) ) in the first power control scheme 340-a with a difference between the reference pathloss and the pathloss offset (e.g., PLb, f, c, reference-pathloss offset) . In such cases, the reference pathloss may be the measured downlink pathloss or may be separately indicated to (or derived by) the UE 115.
[0114] Thus, the UE may support multiple power control schemes 340 depending on the TRP to which the UE 115 communicates uplink transmissions. However, various factors may cause the UE 115 to switch its uplink communications between different TRPs (e.g., between the downlink transmission point 305 and the one or more uplink reception points 310) such as physical relocation, traffic conditions, interference conditions, and environmental conditions, among other factors. That is, the UE 115 may support a dynamic point selection (DPS) . In such cases, although the UE 115 may support multiple power control schemes 340, the UE 115 may not be capable of determining which power control scheme 340 (e.g., which power control formula) will result in the most accurate uplink transmit power based on the different (and dynamic) uplink communication scenarios.
[0115] In accordance with implementations of the present disclosure, the UE 115 may be enabled to determine (e.g., select, identify, derive, obtain, be indicated with) a power control scheme 340 (e.g., power control formula, a power control equation, power control algorithm) to use for an uplink transmit power calculation for one or more uplink signals 335 (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH, and / or SRS) . For example, the UE 115 may identify (e.g., obtain, determine, be configured with) information 330 that is indicative of (e.g., that includes, that is associated with) one or more power control parameters (e.g., one or more pathloss offsets, one or more closed loop indexes, one or more control signaling parameters, one or more thresholds, or other parameters) , which may, in some cases, be transmitted to the UE by a network entity 105 and / or a downlink transmission point 305) . The UE 115 may use the one or more power control parameters to calculate the uplink transmit power for the one or more uplink signals 335 in accordance with the selected power control scheme 340. Although the uplink dense deployment 300 shows a first and a second power control scheme 340, the UE 115 may support any quantity of power control schemes 340 and the implementations of the present disclosure may be correspondingly applied to any quantity of power control schemes 340.
[0116] The UE 115 may obtain the information 330 in accordance with various techniques described herein. In some examples, the UE 115 may be configured with one or more (e.g., two) closed loop power control adjustment states for one or more uplink signals 335 (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH, and / or SRS) , and the UE 115 may determine which power control scheme 340 (e.g., formula) to use based on the close loop index associated with the one or more uplink signals 335. Such an example may assume that each uplink signal 335 is mapped to a close loop index (e.g., based on an indicated TCI state for unified TCI state) , an SRS resource indicator for a scheduled PUSCH, a PUCCH spatial relation for a PUCCH resource, an RRC configuration for an SRS resource set, or any combination thereof. For example, for a given closed loop index (e.g., a given value of a closed loop index) , the UE 115 may determine a power control scheme 340 based on a rule (e.g., a fixed rule, a rule defined by an industry standard) . The rule may indicate that, for an uplink signal 335 associated with a first closed loop index value (e.g., l=0) , the first power control scheme 340-a may be applied. For an uplink signal 335 associated with a second close loop index value, (e.g., l=1) , the second power control scheme 340-b may be applied. In another example, for a given close loop index, ) , the UE 115 may determine a power control scheme 340 based on an RRC configuration. For example, for a first closed loop index value the first power control scheme 340-a may be applied and, for a second closed loop index value the second power control scheme 340-b may be applied. In another example, the RRC may configure that the second power control scheme 340-b applies for each closed loop index (e.g., for both closed loop indexes) or that the first power control scheme 340-aapplies for each closed loop index.
[0117] Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115 may utilize a threshold to determine a power control scheme 340. For example, the UE 115 may determine whether to use the first power control scheme 340-a or the second power control scheme 340-b for uplink power control based on whether a measured downlink pathloss satisfies a threshold (e.g., the value of the measured downlink pathloss may indicate which TRP the UE uses to transmit uplink signals 335) . As an example, if the measured downlink pathloss fails to satisfy (e.g., is less than) the threshold, the first power control scheme 340-a may be used, and if the measured downlink pathloss satisfies (e.g., is larger than) the threshold, the second power control scheme 340-b may be used. In some examples, a value of the threshold may be configured at the UE 115 (e.g., via RRC signaling, via information 330 transmitted from the downlink transmission point 305) . Additionally, or alternatively, the value of the threshold may be derived by the UE 115. For example, the UE 115 may derive (e.g., calculate, determine) an uplink pathloss based on the reference pathloss and associated pathloss offset (e.g., reference pathloss-pathloss offset) .
[0118] The UE 115 may utilize one or more other additional, or alternative, techniques described herein to select a power control scheme 340. In some examples, the one or more power control parameters of the information 330 may be associated with a pathloss offset parameter. In such examples, the UE 115 may determine whether to use the first power control scheme 340-a or the second power control scheme 340-b based on whether the pathloss offset parameter is configured for an uplink TCI state at the UE 115 as described in greater detail herein, including with reference to FIG. 4. In some other examples, the UE 115 may be configured or indicated with a selected power control scheme 340 via control signaling (e.g., from a network entity 105, via the transmitted information 330) as described in greater detail herein, including with reference to FIG. 5. Thus, by applying one or more of the described techniques, the devices of the uplink dense deployment 300 may support improved device coordination and improved techniques to select a power control scheme 340 resulting in increased coverage and reliability in wireless communications systems. Such dynamic selection of the power control scheme 340 may also enable increased system capacity by supporting an increased uplink traffic load based on the multiple uplink reception points 310 and an ability of one or more UEs to efficiently select between various power control schemes 340.
[0119] While the features of the UE 115 selecting uplink power control schemes 340 is described in the context of the uplink dense deployment 300, the UE 115 may support multiple power control schemes 340 and the described techniques for selecting the same in other deployments, systems, and / or configurations. That is, aspects associated with to the use of different uplink power control schemes 340 described with reference to the uplink dense deployment 300 should not be considered limiting to the scope of the claims or the disclosure, and the techniques described herein may be applicable to various wireless communications systems, configurations, schemes, deployments, or the like.
[0120] FIG. 4 shows an example of a power control configuration 400 that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The power control configuration 400 may implement or be implemented to realize aspects of the wireless communications system 100, the network architecture 200, or the uplink dense deployment 300. For example, the power control configuration 400 illustrates a sequence of slots 415, which may include time resources during which a UE 115 and a network entity 105 may communicate uplink and / or downlink signals and channels. For example, the UE 115 may receive one or more downlink control messages 405 (e.g., DCI messages, RRC messages, MAC-CE messages, or other received control messages) , which may indicate one or more uplink TCI states. The UE 115 may transmit one or more uplink control messages 410 (e.g., a PUCCH including HARQ-Ack message) in response to receiving the one or more downlink control messages 405. An indicated uplink TCI state may be applied after a duration (e.g., 3 ms) following an acknowledgment of a downlink control message 405.
[0121] In some examples, unified TCI (e.g., including one or more downlink TCI states and one or more uplink TCI states) may be configured for a UE 115 (e.g., and a MAC-CE may have activated two or more TCI states at the UE 115) . In such examples, the UE 115 may apply a first TCI state for a duration until a second TCI state is indicated to the UE 115. Additionally, if a pathloss offset parameter is configured per TCI state (e.g., or otherwise associated with a TCI state) , the UE 115 may determine a power control scheme 340 based on an inclusion or an exclusion of the pathloss offset from the TCI state. In other words, the UE 115 may determine whether to use a first power control scheme 340-a or a second power control scheme 340-b for an uplink transmission (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS) based on whether the pathloss offset is configured for (or associated with) an indicated TCI state. For example, if the indicated TCI states excludes (e.g., is not configured or associated with) a pathloss offset, the UE 115 may use the first power control scheme 340-a (e.g., the UE 115 may be configured to communicate uplink signals to a downlink transmission point) . If a pathloss offset is configured for (e.g., included in, or otherwise associated with) the indicated TCI state, the UE 115 may use the second power control scheme 340-b (e.g., the UE 115 may be configured to communicate uplink signals to an uplink reception point) .
[0122] As a non-limiting example, a UE 115 may receive a first downlink control message 405-a (e.g., a DCI format 1_1 or 1_2 with or without PDSCH scheduling) , which may include a TCI field (e.g., a TCI field codepoint) that indicates a first uplink TCI state. The first uplink TCI state may be configured or associated with (e.g., may include) a pathloss offset. Accordingly, after a quantity of symbols (e.g., Y symbols) following a first uplink control message 410-a (e.g., a first PUCCH with HARQ-Ack, in response to the first downlink control message 405-a) , the UE 115 may apply the first uplink TCI state and may use the second power control scheme 340-b (e.g., as described in greater detail elsewhere herein, including with reference to FIG. 3) to calculate uplink transmit power for one or more uplink signals and / or channels that follow the indicated TCI state (e.g., the first uplink TCI state) . The UE 115 may then receive a second downlink control message 405-b (e.g., a DCI format 1_1 or 1_2 with or without PDSCH scheduling) , which may include a TCI field (e.g., a TCI field codepoint) that indicates a second uplink TCI state. The second uplink TCI state may not be configured or associated with (e.g., may exclude) a pathloss offset. Accordingly, after a quantity of symbols (e.g., Y symbols) following a second uplink control message 410-b (e.g., a second PUCCH with HARQ-Ack, in response to the second downlink control message 405-b) , the UE 115 may apply the second uplink TCI state and may use the first power control scheme 340-a (e.g., as described in greater detail elsewhere herein, including with reference to FIG. 3) to calculate uplink transmit power for one or more uplink signals and / or channels that follow the indicated TCI state (e.g., the second uplink TCI state) .
[0123] FIG. 5 shows an example of a signaling sequence 500 that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The signaling sequence 500 may implement or be implemented to realize aspects of the wireless communications system 100, the network architecture 200, or the uplink dense deployment 300. For example, the signaling sequence 500 illustrates communication between a UE 115 and a network entity 105 (via a downlink transmission point 305 and an uplink reception point 310) , which may be examples of corresponding devices as described herein.
[0124] In some examples, the UE 115 may be configured and / or indicated (e.g., via explicit signaling mechanisms) to use one of a first power control scheme 340-a and second power control scheme 340-b (e.g., as described in greater detail elsewhere herein, including with reference to FIG. 3) for uplink power control. The signaling sequence 500 may illustrate an example of MAC-CE signaling (e.g., a MAC-CE based signaling mechanism) that supports such configurations and / or indications. For example, a same MAC-CE 520 as that for a pathloss offset indication may be used to indicate the power control scheme 340. In some examples, the UE 115 may determine whether to use the first power control scheme 340-a or the second power control scheme 340-b based on a pathloss offset value indicated in the MAC-CE. For example, if pathloss offset value is a first value (e.g., 0) , the first power control scheme 340-a may be used. If the pathloss offset value is not the first value, the second power control scheme 340-b may be used. Such an example may apply when an absolute pathloss offset is indicated to the UE 115.
[0125] Additionally, or alternatively, a MAC-CE 520 may include one or more bit indicators 530 to indicate whether to use the first power control scheme 340-a (e.g., disable the pathloss offset) or the second power control scheme 340-b (e.g., enable the pathloss offset) . For example, a first value of a bit (e.g., 0) may indicate a disabled pathloss offset and that the UE 115 is to use the first power control scheme 340-a. A second value of a bit (e.g., 1) may indicate an enabled pathloss offset and that the UE 115 is to use the second power control scheme 340-b. In such examples, the pathloss offset may still be updated based on an indicated pathloss offset (e.g., a relative pathloss offset 525) included in the MAC-CE 520.
[0126] As a non-limiting example, the UE may receive a first MAC-CE 520-a at 505, which may be transmitted by the network entity 105. The first MAC-CE 520-a may include a first relative offset 525-a (e.g., 60 decibels (dB) ) and a first bit indicator 530-a. The first bit indicator 530-a may include a value (e.g., 1) that indicates an enabled pathloss offset. After receiving the first MAC-CE 520-a, the UE 115 may determine to use the second power control scheme 340-b. Additionally, the UE 115 may calculate a first pathloss offset 535-a, which may be equal to the first relative offset 525-a (e.g., PLO1=60 dB, assuming an initial pathloss offset of 0 dB or not configured) . If an initial pathloss offset is indicated or configured, the first relative offset 525-a may be applied with respect to the initial pathloss offset. The UE 115 may then receive a second MAC-CE 520-b at 510, which may be transmitted by the network entity 105. The second MAC-CE 520-b may include a second relative offset 525-b (e.g., -30 dB) and a second bit indicator 530-b. The second bit indicator 530-b may include a value (e.g., 0) that indicates a disabled pathloss offset. After receiving the second MAC-CE 520-b, the UE 115 may determine to use the first power control scheme 340-a. Additionally, the UE 115 may calculate a second pathloss offset 535-b, which may be equal to a sum of the first pathloss offset 535-a and the second relative offset 525-b (e.g., PLO2= PLO1+relative offset 2=30 dB) . The UE 115 may then receive a third MAC-CE 520-c at 515, which may be transmitted by the network entity 105. The third MAC-CE 520-c may include a third relative offset 525-c (e.g., 10 dB) and a third bit indicator 530-c. The third bit indicator 530-c may include a value (e.g., 1) that indicates an enabled pathloss offset. After receiving the third MAC-CE 520-c, the UE 115 may determine to use the second power control scheme 340-b. Additionally, the UE 115 may calculate a third pathloss offset 535-c, which may be equal to a sum of the second pathloss offset 535-b and the third relative offset 525-c (e.g., PLO3=PLO2+relative offset 3=40 dB) .
[0127] Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 115 may receive an indication to use the first power control scheme 340-a or the second power control scheme 340-b based on signaling messages such as DCI messages and RRC messages, among other examples (e.g., in cases where TCI states may not be configured) . In some implementations, an indication of whether to use the first power control scheme 340-a or the second power control scheme 340-b may be indicated by a scheduling DCI or an activation DCI. For example, a field (e.g., or a bit in a field) may be added in the scheduling DCI or the activation DCI for such purposes. That is, a first bit value may indicate to apply the first power control scheme 340-a while a second bit value may indicate to apply the second power control scheme 340-b. Such examples may apply to a dynamic scheduled PUSCH, a type 2 configured grant (CG) , a PUCCH with HARQ-Ack, or an aperiodic SRS. Additionally, or alternatively, whether to use the first power control scheme 340-a or the second power control scheme 340-b may be configured by RRC signaling. For example, the UE 115 may receive an RRC configuration (e.g., an information element) that configures the UE 115 to use the first power control scheme 340-a or the second power control scheme 340-b. Such examples may apply for a type 1 CG, a PUCCH, or a periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic SRS. In some examples, an RRC configuration may be configured per CG (e.g., for type 1 CG) , per PUCCH resource or PUCCH resource set (e.g., for PUCCH) , or per SRS resource or SRS resource set (e.g., for SRS) .
[0128] FIG. 6 shows an example of a process flow 600 that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 600 may implement or be implemented to realize aspects of the wireless communications system 100, the network architecture 200, or the uplink dense deployment 300. For example, the process flow 600 illustrates communication between a UE 115 and a network entity 105, which may be examples of corresponding devices described herein. In some implementations, the network entity 105 may be associated with a downlink transmission point and one or more uplink reception points that are non-collocated with the downlink transmission point.
[0129] Alternative examples of the following may be implemented. Some steps are performed in a different order than described or are not performed at all. In some implementations, steps may include additional features not mentioned below, or further steps may be added. Further, although the UE 115 and the network entity 105 are shown performing the operations of the process flow 600, some aspects of some operations may also be performed by one or more other wireless communication devices (such as by multiple network entities 105, or in accordance with coordination among multiple network entities 105) .
[0130] At 605, in some examples, the UE 115 may receive one or more control messages (e.g., RRC messages, MAC-CE messages, DCI messages) that include (or are otherwise associated with) information (e.g., information 330) indicative of one or more power control parameters, which may be transmitted by the network entity 105. In some examples, the UE 115 may receive one or more RRC messages that include a unified TCI configuration which include an indication of a pathloss offset configuration for each uplink TCI state. The UE 115 may receive an indication of a TCI state that is associated with one or more uplink signals to be transmitted by the UE 115. The UE 115 may determine whether to use a first power control scheme (e.g., the first power control scheme 340-a) or a second power control scheme (e.g., the second power control scheme 340-b) based on the TCI state and a unified TCI configuration. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115 may receive an indication of one or more closed loop indexes that are associated with one or more uplink signals to be transmitted by the UE 115. The UE 115 may determine whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme based on the one or more closed loop indexes.
[0131] In some examples, the UE 115 may receive one or more RRC messages transmitted by the network entity 105. The one or more RRC message may include an indication of a rule associated with the one or more closed loop indexes. The UE 115 may determine whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme based on the rule. In some other examples, the first power control scheme may be used for one or both of a first closed loop index or a second closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the rule, or the second power control scheme may be used for one or both of the first closed loop index or the second closed loop index in accordance with the rule, or any combination thereof.
[0132] In some examples, the UE 115 may receive an indication of the one or more power control parameters, which may be transmitted by the network entity 105. The UE 115 may determine whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme based on the received indication. The UE 115 may receive the indication of the one or more power control parameters via a field of one or more DCI messages that indicates to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme. Thus, the uplink transmit power may be calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the DCI indication. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115 may receive the indication via an information element of the one or more RRC messages that indicates to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme for the one or more uplink signals. Thus, the uplink transmit power may be calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the RRC indication.
[0133] Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more control messages may include one or more MAC-CE messages that indicate the one or more power control parameters including a pathloss offset associated with the one or more uplink signals. In some examples, the UE 115 may determine whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme based on a value of the pathloss offset. Thus, the uplink transmit power may be calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the value of the pathloss offset. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115 may receive the indication via one or more bits of the one or more MAC-CE messages that indicate to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme. Thus, the uplink transmit power may be calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the MAC-CE indication.
[0134] In some examples, to support a power control scheme determination, the UE may utilize a threshold (e.g., a pathloss threshold or some other power control threshold. For example, the UE 115 may receive one or more RRC messages from a network entity 105 that includes an indication of a threshold, and the threshold may be based on the one or more RRC messages.
[0135] At 610, in some examples, the UE 115 may identify (e.g., derive, receive via the one or more control messages at 605) a threshold associated with the one or more power control parameters associated with the one or more uplink signals. In some examples, the UE 115 may determine whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme based on whether a measured downlink pathloss of a downlink signal associated with the one or more uplink signals satisfies the threshold. In some examples, the UE 115 may determine an uplink pathloss based on the reference pathloss and the pathloss offset (e.g., based on a difference of the reference pathloss and the pathloss offset) , where the threshold may correspond to (e.g., include) the uplink pathloss.
[0136] At 615, the UE 115 may determine whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based on the information indicative of one or more power control parameters. For example, the UE 115 may determine to use the first power control scheme based on the one or more power control parameters of the TCI state excluding the pathloss offset. In such an example, the uplink transmit power may be calculated by using the downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme. Alternatively, the UE 115 may determine to use a second power control scheme based on one or more power control parameters of a TCI state being associated with the pathloss offset (e.g., based on an inclusion of the pathloss offset in the TCI state configuration) . In such examples, the uplink transmit power may be calculated by using a difference between the reference pathloss and the pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme.
[0137] In some additional, or alternative examples, the UE 115 may determine whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based on a preconfigured rule associated with the one or more closed loop indexes. For instance, the first power control scheme may be used for a first closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the preconfigured rule, and the second power control scheme may be used for a second closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the preconfigured rule. As described herein, the rule may additionally, or alternatively, be signaled to the UE 115 (e.g., via the one or more control messages at 605) .
[0138] At 620, the UE 115 may calculate a transmit power for one or more uplink signals based on the determination of the UE 115. In some examples, the UE 115 may calculate an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme. In some examples, the UE 115 may calculate the uplink transmit power using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme.
[0139] At 625, the UE may transmit one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power, which may be received by the network entity 105. In some examples, the one or more uplink signals may include one or more PUSCH transmissions, one or more PUCCH transmissions, one or more SRS transmissions, or any combination thereof.
[0140] FIG. 7 shows a diagram 700 of a device 705 that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 705 may include a receiver 710, a transmitter 715, and a communications manager 720. The device 705, or one or more components of the device 705 (e.g., the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, the communications manager 720) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0141] The receiver 710 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for uplink power control selection) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 705. The receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0142] The transmitter 715 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 705. For example, the transmitter 715 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for uplink power control selection) . In some examples, the transmitter 715 may be co-located with a receiver 710 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 715 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0143] The communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of techniques for uplink power control selection as described herein. For example, the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
[0144] In some examples, the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , a central processing unit (CPU) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .
[0145] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code) . If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .
[0146] In some examples, the communications manager 720 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or both. For example, the communications manager 720 may receive information from the receiver 710, send information to the transmitter 715, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0147] The communications manager 720 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based on information indicative of one or more power control parameters. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for calculating, based on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power.
[0148] By including or configuring the communications manager 720 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 705 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, the communications manager 720, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reduced processing, reduced power consumption, more efficient utilization of communication resources.
[0149] FIG. 8 shows a diagram 800 of a device 805 that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of a device 705 or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communications manager 820. The device 805, or one or more components of the device 805 (e.g., the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, the communications manager 820) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0150] The receiver 810 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for uplink power control selection) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 805. The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0151] The transmitter 815 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 805. For example, the transmitter 815 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for uplink power control selection) . In some examples, the transmitter 815 may be co-located with a receiver 810 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0152] The device 805, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of techniques for uplink power control selection as described herein. For example, the communications manager 820 may include a power control selection component 825, a transmit power calculation component 830, an uplink transmission component 835, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 820 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 720 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 820, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both. For example, the communications manager 820 may receive information from the receiver 810, send information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0153] The communications manager 820 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The power control selection component 825 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based on information indicative of one or more power control parameters. The transmit power calculation component 830 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for calculating, based on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme. The uplink transmission component 835 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power.
[0154] FIG. 9 shows a diagram 900 of a communications manager 920 that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 920 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 720, a communications manager 820, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 920, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of techniques for uplink power control selection as described herein. For example, the communications manager 920 may include a power control selection component 925, a transmit power calculation component 930, an uplink transmission component 935, a control message component 940, a power control threshold component 945, a pathloss measurement component 950, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0155] The communications manager 920 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The power control selection component 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based on information indicative of one or more power control parameters. The transmit power calculation component 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for calculating, based on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme. The uplink transmission component 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power.
[0156] In some examples, the control message component 940 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, via one or more control messages including the information indicative of the one or more power control parameters, an indication of a TCI state that is associated with the one or more uplink signals, where determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based on the TCI state and a unified TCI configuration.
[0157] In some examples, to support determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme, the power control selection component 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining to use the second power control scheme based on the one or more power control parameters of the TCI state being associated with the pathloss offset, where the uplink transmit power is calculated using the difference between the reference pathloss and the pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme.
[0158] In some examples, to support determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme, the transmit power calculation component 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining to use the first power control scheme based on the one or more power control parameters of the TCI state excluding the pathloss offset, where the uplink transmit power is calculated using the downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme.
[0159] In some examples, the control message component 940 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, via one or more control messages including the information indicative of the one or more power control parameters, an indication of one or more closed loop indexes that are associated with the one or more uplink signals, where determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based on the one or more closed loop indexes.
[0160] In some examples, determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based on a preconfigured rule associated with the one or more closed loop indexes. In some examples, the first power control scheme is used for a first closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the preconfigured rule, and the second power control scheme is used for a second closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the preconfigured rule.
[0161] In some examples, the control message component 940 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, via one or more radio resource control messages, a second indication including a rule associated with the one or more closed loop indexes, where determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based on the rule, where the first power control scheme is used for one or both of a first closed loop index or a second closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the rule, or the second power control scheme is used for one or both of the first closed loop index or the second closed loop index in accordance with the rule, or any combination thereof.
[0162] In some examples, the control message component 940 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, via one or more control messages including the information, an indication of the one or more power control parameters, where determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based on the indication.
[0163] In some examples, the one or more control messages include one or more downlink control information messages that schedule the one or more uplink signals, and the control message component 940 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the indication of the one or more power control parameters via a field of the one or more downlink control information messages that indicates to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme, where the uplink transmit power is calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the indication.
[0164] In some examples, the one or more control messages include one or more radio resource control messages, and the control message component 940 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the indication via an information element of the one or more radio resource control messages that indicates to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme for the one or more uplink signals, where the uplink transmit power is calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the indication.
[0165] In some examples, the one or more control messages include one or more medium access control-control element messages that indicate the one or more power control parameters including the pathloss offset associated with the one or more uplink signals. In some examples, determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based on a value of the pathloss offset. In some examples, the uplink transmit power is calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the value of the pathloss offset.
[0166] In some examples, the one or more control messages include one or more medium access control-control element messages, and the control message component 940 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the indication via a bit of the one or more medium access control-control element messages that indicates to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme, where the uplink transmit power is calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the indication.
[0167] In some examples, the power control threshold component 945 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for identifying a threshold associated with the one or more power control parameters associated with the one or more uplink signals, where determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based on whether a measured downlink pathloss of a downlink signal associated with the one or more uplink signals satisfies the threshold.
[0168] In some examples, the control message component 940 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more radio resource control messages including an indication of the threshold, where the threshold is based on the one or more radio resource control messages.
[0169] In some examples, the pathloss measurement component 950 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining an uplink pathloss based on the reference pathloss and the pathloss offset, where the threshold includes the uplink pathloss.
[0170] In some examples, the one or more uplink signals include one or more PUSCH transmissions, one or more PUCCH transmissions, one or more SRSs, or any combination thereof.
[0171] FIG. 10 shows a diagram of a system 1000 including a device 1005 that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1005 may be an example of or include components of a device 705, a device 805, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 1005 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more other devices (e.g., network entities 105, UEs 115, or a combination thereof) . The device 1005 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 1020, an input / output (I / O) controller, such as an I / O controller 1010, a transceiver 1015, one or more antennas 1025, at least one memory 1030, code 1035, and at least one processor 1040. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1045) .
[0172] The I / O controller 1010 may manage input and output signals for the device 1005. The I / O controller 1010 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 1005. In some cases, the I / O controller 1010 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 1010 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. Additionally, or alternatively, the I / O controller 1010 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1010 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 1040. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 1005 via the I / O controller 1010 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1010.
[0173] In some cases, the device 1005 may include a single antenna. However, in some other cases, the device 1005 may have more than one antenna, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1015 may communicate bi-directionally via the one or more antennas 1025 using wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1015 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1015 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1025 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 1025. The transceiver 1015, or the transceiver 1015 and one or more antennas 1025, may be an example of a transmitter 715, a transmitter 815, a receiver 710, a receiver 810, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.
[0174] The at least one memory 1030 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The at least one memory 1030 may store computer-readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 1035. The code 1035 may include instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 1040, cause the device 1005 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1035 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1035 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 1040 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1030 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0175] The at least one processor 1040 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 1040 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 1040. The at least one processor 1040 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 1030) to cause the device 1005 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting techniques for uplink power control selection) . For example, the device 1005 or a component of the device 1005 may include at least one processor 1040 and at least one memory 1030 coupled with or to the at least one processor 1040, the at least one processor 1040 and the at least one memory 1030 configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1040 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1030 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1040 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 1040) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 1030) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 1040 or a processing system including the at least one processor 1040 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 1005 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code 1035 (e.g., processor-executable code) stored in the at least one memory 1030 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0176] The communications manager 1020 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based on information indicative of one or more power control parameters. The communications manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for calculating, based on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme. The communications manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power.
[0177] By including or configuring the communications manager 1020 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1005 may support techniques for improved communication reliability, reduced latency, improved user experience related to reduced processing, reduced power consumption, more efficient utilization of communication resources, improved coordination between devices, longer battery life, improved utilization of processing capability.
[0178] In some examples, the communications manager 1020 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1015, the one or more antennas 1025, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1020 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1020 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 1040, the at least one memory 1030, the code 1035, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 1035 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 1040 to cause the device 1005 to perform various aspects of techniques for uplink power control selection as described herein, or the at least one processor 1040 and the at least one memory 1030 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0179] FIG. 11 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1100 that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1100 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1100 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 10. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0180] At 1105, the method may include determining whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based on information indicative of one or more power control parameters. The operations of 1105 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1105 may be performed by a power control selection component 925 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0181] At 1110, the method may include calculating, based on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme. The operations of 1110 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1110 may be performed by a transmit power calculation component 930 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0182] At 1115, the method may include transmitting one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power. The operations of 1115 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1115 may be performed by an uplink transmission component 935 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0183] FIG. 12 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1200 that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1200 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1200 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 10. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0184] At 1205, in some examples, the method may include receiving, via one or more control messages including information indicative of one or more power control parameters, an indication of a TCI state that is associated with one or more uplink signals, where determining whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme is based on the TCI state and a unified TCI configuration. The operations of 1205 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1205 may be performed by a control message component 940 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0185] At 1210, the method may include determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme based on the information indicative of the one or more power control parameters. The operations of 1210 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1210 may be performed by a power control selection component 925 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0186] At 1215, the method may include calculating, based on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme. The operations of 1215 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1215 may be performed by a transmit power calculation component 930 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0187] At 1220, the method may include transmitting one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power. The operations of 1220 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1220 may be performed by an uplink transmission component 935 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0188] FIG. 13 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1300 that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1300 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 10. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0189] At 1305, in some examples, the method may include receiving, via one or more control messages including the information indicative of one or more power control parameters, an indication of one or more closed loop indexes that are associated with one or more uplink signals, where determining whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme is based on the one or more closed loop indexes. The operations of 1305 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be performed by a control message component 940 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0190] At 1310, the method may include determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme based on information indicative of the one or more power control parameters. The operations of 1310 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed by a power control selection component 925 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0191] At 1315, the method may include calculating, based on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme. The operations of 1315 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1315 may be performed by a transmit power calculation component 930 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0192] At 1320, the method may include transmitting the one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power. The operations of 1320 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1320 may be performed by an uplink transmission component 935 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0193] FIG. 14 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1400 that supports techniques for uplink power control selection in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1400 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 10. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0194] At 1405, in some examples, the method may include receiving, via one or more control messages including the information indicative of one or more power control parameters, an indication of the one or more power control parameters, where determining whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme is based on the indication. The operations of 1405 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1405 may be performed by a control message component 940 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0195] At 1410, the method may include determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme based on the information indicative of the one or more power control parameters. The operations of 1410 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed by a power control selection component 925 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0196] At 1415, the method may include calculating, based on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme. The operations of 1415 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1415 may be performed by a transmit power calculation component 930 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0197] At 1420, the method may include transmitting one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power. The operations of 1420 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1420 may be performed by an uplink transmission component 935 as described with reference to FIG. 9.
[0198] The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:
[0199] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communications at a UE, comprising: determining whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based at least in part on information indicative of one or more power control parameters; calculating, based at least in part on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme; and transmitting one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power.
[0200] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, further comprising: receiving, via one or more control messages comprising the information indicative of the one or more power control parameters, an indication of a TCI state that is associated with the one or more uplink signals, wherein determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on the TCI state and a unified TCI configuration.
[0201] Aspect 3: The method of aspect 2, wherein determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme further comprises: determining to use the second power control scheme based at least in part on the one or more power control parameters of the TCI state being associated with the pathloss offset, wherein the uplink transmit power is calculated using the difference between the reference pathloss and the pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme.
[0202] Aspect 4: The method of aspect 2, wherein determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme further comprises: determining to use the first power control scheme based at least in part on the one or more power control parameters of the TCI state excluding the pathloss offset, wherein the uplink transmit power is calculated using the downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme.
[0203] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 1 through 4, further comprising: receiving, via one or more control messages comprising the information indicative of the one or more power control parameters, an indication of one or more closed loop indexes that are associated with the one or more uplink signals, wherein determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on the one or more closed loop indexes.
[0204] Aspect 6: The method of aspect 5, wherein determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on a preconfigured rule associated with the one or more closed loop indexes, the first power control scheme is used for a first closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the preconfigured rule, and the second power control scheme is used for a second closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the preconfigured rule.
[0205] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 5, further comprising: receiving, via one or more RRC messages, a second indication comprising a rule associated with the one or more closed loop indexes, wherein determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on the rule, wherein the first power control scheme is used for one or both of a first closed loop index or a second closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the rule, or the second power control scheme is used for one or both of the first closed loop index or the second closed loop index in accordance with the rule, or any combination thereof.
[0206] Aspect 8: The method of any of aspects 1 through 7, further comprising: receiving, via one or more control messages comprising the information, an indication of the one or more power control parameters, wherein determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on the indication.
[0207] Aspect 9: The method of aspect 8, wherein the one or more control messages comprise one or more DCI messages that schedule the one or more uplink signals, the method further comprising: receiving the indication of the one or more power control parameters via a field of the one or more DCI messages that indicates to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme, wherein the uplink transmit power is calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the indication.
[0208] Aspect 10: The method of aspect 8, wherein the one or more control messages comprise one or more RRC messages, the method further comprising: receiving the indication via an information element of the one or more RRC messages that indicates to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme for the one or more uplink signals, wherein the uplink transmit power is calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the indication.
[0209] Aspect 11: The method of aspect 8, wherein the one or more control messages comprise one or more MAC-CE messages that indicate the one or more power control parameters including the pathloss offset associated with the one or more uplink signals, determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on a value of the pathloss offset, and the uplink transmit power is calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the value of the pathloss offset.
[0210] Aspect 12: The method of aspect 8, wherein the one or more control messages comprise one or more MAC-CE messages, the method further comprising: receiving the indication via a bit of the one or more MAC-CE messages that indicates to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme, wherein the uplink transmit power is calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the indication.
[0211] Aspect 13: The method of any of aspects 1 through 12, further comprising: identifying a threshold associated with the one or more power control parameters associated with the one or more uplink signals, wherein determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on whether a measured downlink pathloss of a downlink signal associated with the one or more uplink signals satisfies the threshold.
[0212] Aspect 14: The method of aspect 13, further comprising: receiving one or more RRC messages comprising an indication of the threshold, wherein the threshold is based at least in part on the one or more RRC messages.
[0213] Aspect 15: The method of aspect 13, further comprising: determining an uplink pathloss based at least in part on the reference pathloss and the pathloss offset, wherein the threshold comprises the uplink pathloss.
[0214] Aspect 16: The method of any of aspects 1 through 15, wherein the one or more uplink signals comprise one or more PUSCH transmissions, one or more PUCCH transmissions, one or more SRSs, or any combination thereof.
[0215] Aspect 17: A UE for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 16.
[0216] Aspect 18: A UE for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 16.
[0217] Aspect 19: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 16.
[0218] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations. The operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0219] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0220] Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0221] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration) . Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0222] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope and spirit of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described above can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0223] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) , or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0224] As used herein, including in the claims, the term “and / or, ” when used in a list of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items can be employed by itself, or any combination of two or more of the listed items can be employed. For example, if a composition is described as containing components A, B, and / or C, the composition can contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination. Also, as used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (for example, a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” ) indicates a disjunctive list such that, for example, a list of “at least one of A, B, or C” means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. ”
[0225] As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open-ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites “a component” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “a component” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components, ” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ”
[0226] The term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database, or another data structure) , ascertaining, and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving (e.g., receiving information) , accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory) , and the like. Also, “determining” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.
[0227] In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label or other subsequent reference label.
[0228] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples. ” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some figures, known structures and devices are shown in diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.
[0229] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) , comprising:one or more memories storing processor-executable code; andone or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:determine whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based at least in part on information indicative of one or more power control parameters;calculate, based at least in part on the determination, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme; andtransmit one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power.2.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive, via one or more control messages comprising the information indicative of the one or more power control parameters, an indication of a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state that is associated with the one or more uplink signals, wherein the determination of whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on the TCI state and a unified TCI configuration.3.The UE of claim 2, wherein, to determine whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme, the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:determine to use the second power control scheme based at least in part on the one or more power control parameters of the TCI state being associated with the pathloss offset, wherein the uplink transmit power is calculated using the difference between the reference pathloss and the pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme.4.The UE of claim 2, wherein, to determine whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme, the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:determine to use the first power control scheme based at least in part on the one or more power control parameters of the TCI state excluding the pathloss offset, wherein the uplink transmit power is calculated using the downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme.5.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive, via one or more control messages comprising the information indicative of the one or more power control parameters, an indication of one or more closed loop indexes that are associated with the one or more uplink signals, wherein the determination of whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on the one or more closed loop indexes.6.The UE of claim 5, wherein:the determination of whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on a preconfigured rule associated with the one or more closed loop indexes, andthe first power control scheme is used for a first closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the preconfigured rule, and the second power control scheme is used for a second closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the preconfigured rule.7.The UE of claim 5, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive, via one or more radio resource control messages, a second indication comprising a rule associated with the one or more closed loop indexes, wherein the determination of whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on the rule, wherein the first power control scheme is used for one or both of a first closed loop index or a second closed loop index of the one or more closed loop indexes in accordance with the rule, or the second power control scheme is used for one or both of the first closed loop index or the second closed loop index in accordance with the rule, or any combination thereof.8.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive, via one or more control messages comprising the information, an indication of the one or more power control parameters, wherein the determination of whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on the indication.9.The UE of claim 8, wherein the one or more control messages comprise one or more downlink control information messages that schedule the one or more uplink signals, and the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive the indication of the one or more power control parameters via a field of the one or more downlink control information messages that indicates to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme, wherein the uplink transmit power is calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the indication.10.The UE of claim 8, wherein the one or more control messages comprise one or more radio resource control messages, and the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive the indication via an information element of the one or more radio resource control messages that indicates to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme for the one or more uplink signals, wherein the uplink transmit power is calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the indication.11.The UE of claim 8, wherein:the one or more control messages comprise one or more medium access control-control element messages that indicate the one or more power control parameters including the pathloss offset associated with the one or more uplink signals,the determination of whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on a value of the pathloss offset, andthe uplink transmit power is calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the value of the pathloss offset.12.The UE of claim 8, wherein the one or more control messages comprise one or more medium access control-control element messages, and the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive the indication via a bit of the one or more medium access control-control element messages that indicates to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme, wherein the uplink transmit power is calculated using the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme in accordance with the indication.13.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:identify a threshold associated with the one or more power control parameters associated with the one or more uplink signals, wherein the determination of whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on whether a measured downlink pathloss of a downlink signal associated with the one or more uplink signals satisfies the threshold.14.The UE of claim 13, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive one or more radio resource control messages comprising an indication of the threshold, wherein the threshold is based at least in part on the one or more radio resource control messages.15.The UE of claim 13, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:determine an uplink pathloss based at least in part on the reference pathloss and the pathloss offset, wherein the threshold comprises the uplink pathloss.16.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more uplink signals comprise one or more physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions, one or more physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmissions, one or more sounding reference signals (SRSs) , or any combination thereof.17.A method for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:determining whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based at least in part on information indicative of one or more power control parameters;calculating, based at least in part on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme; andtransmitting one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power.18.The method of claim 17, further comprising:receiving, via one or more control messages comprising the information indicative of the one or more power control parameters, an indication of a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state that is associated with the one or more uplink signals, wherein determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on the TCI state and a unified TCI configuration.19.A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to:determine whether to use a first power control scheme or a second power control scheme based at least in part on information indicative of one or more power control parameters;calculate, based at least in part on the determining, an uplink transmit power using a downlink pathloss in accordance with the first power control scheme or using a difference between a reference pathloss and a pathloss offset in accordance with the second power control scheme; andtransmit one or more uplink signals using the uplink transmit power.20.The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19, wherein the instructions are further executable by the one or more processors to:receive, via one or more control messages comprising the information indicative of the one or more power control parameters, an indication of a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state that is associated with the one or more uplink signals, wherein determining whether to use the first power control scheme or the second power control scheme is based at least in part on the TCI state and a unified TCI configuration.
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