Data acquisition stick and energy storage data acquisition system

Abstract

The present invention provides a data acquisition stick and an energy storage data acquisition system. The data acquisition stick comprises an external port, a serial port switching module, a receiving and generating level conversion module, a first communication module, a second communication module, and a power module; the receiving and generating level conversion module comprises a first conversion unit and a second conversion unit; the first conversion unit is connected to the first communication module; the second conversion unit is connected to the second communication module; the serial port switching module comprises a control end, a first communication channel, and a second communication channel; the control end is connected to a control signal pin of the external port, and is used for controlling, on the basis of a received control signal, the first communication channel or the second communication channel to be turned on; the first communication channel is connected to the first conversion unit; and the second communication channel is connected to the second conversion unit. The data acquisition stick of the present invention supports multi-mode wireless data transmission, including wireless communication and mobile communication, so that both short-distance local data exchange and long-distance cloud data exchange can be achieved.

Description

Data acquisition stick and energy storage data acquisition system Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the technical field of data acquisition, and in particular to a data acquisition rod and an energy storage data acquisition system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of solar photovoltaic power generation and electrochemical energy storage technologies, there is a strong market demand for photovoltaic inverters, energy storage converters, and hybrid photovoltaic and energy storage inverters. These devices are installed in remote outdoor locations, factory campuses, and even indoor locations. To ensure these inverters maintain optimal operation, users or operators typically use wireless data acquisition sticks to monitor their operating parameters in real time.

[0003] Current data acquisition sticks often use a single data transmission method to collect data. For example, they use a Wi-Fi module, a GPRS module, or a 4G / 5G module as a wireless transmission method, and do not support multi-mode data acquisition. In addition, the acquisition stick and the inverter system use a serial port for data exchange. The serial ports of inverter systems from different manufacturers are different. Therefore, one data acquisition stick cannot be compatible with inverter systems from multiple manufacturers.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a data acquisition rod and an energy storage data acquisition system to solve the problem of the single acquisition mode of the current data acquisition rod.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a data acquisition stick, comprising: an external port, a serial port switching module, a transceiver level conversion module, a first communication module, a second communication module and a power supply module, the transceiver level conversion module comprising a first conversion unit and a second conversion unit, the first conversion unit being connected to the first communication module, and the second conversion unit being connected to the second communication module, the serial port switching module comprising a control end, a first communication channel and a second communication channel, the control end being connected to the control signal pin of the external port, and being used to control the first communication channel or the second communication channel to be turned on according to the received control signal, the first communication channel being connected to the first conversion unit, and the second communication channel being connected to the second conversion unit.

[0007] Optionally, the serial port switching module includes a serial port control unit and a multi-channel analog switch integrated unit, the serial port control unit includes the control end, a first enable signal sending end, and a second enable signal sending end, the multi-channel analog switch integrated unit includes a first enable signal receiving end, a second enable signal receiving end, a first communication channel, and a second communication channel, the first enable signal sending end is connected to the first enable signal receiving end, and the second enable signal sending end is connected to the second enable signal receiving end, when the control signal received by the control end is high, the first enable signal is high, the second enable signal is low, and the first communication channel is turned on; when the control signal received by the control end is low, the first enable signal is low, the second enable signal is high, and the second communication channel is turned on.

[0008] Optionally, the serial port control unit includes: a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a first voltage-dividing resistor, a second voltage-dividing resistor, a third voltage-dividing resistor, a fourth voltage-dividing resistor, and a first pull-up resistor, wherein one end of the first voltage-dividing resistor receives the control signal, and the other end is connected to the base of the first switching tube, the collector of the first switching tube is connected to the first pull-up resistor and sends the second enable signal, the other end of the first pull-up resistor is connected to the first level, the emitter of the first switching tube is grounded, one end of the third voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the collector of the first switching tube, and the other end is connected to the base of the second switching tube, the emitter of the second switching tube is connected to the first level, the collector of the second switching tube is connected to the fourth voltage-dividing resistor and sends the first enable signal, the other end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor is grounded, one end of the second voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the base of the first switching tube, and the other end is grounded.

[0009] Optionally, the external port includes a USB interface, a magnetic bead, a grounding resistor, a first impedance matching resistor, and a second impedance matching resistor. The power pin of the USB interface is connected to an external power supply through the magnetic bead. Two USB2.0 differential pins of the USB interface receive two USB data differential signals through the first impedance matching resistor and the second impedance matching resistor. One of the ultra-high-speed differential receiving pins of the USB interface receives a serial port receive signal, one of the ultra-high-speed differential transmitting pins of the USB interface receives a serial port transmit signal, and the signal ground pin of the USB interface receives the control signal.

[0010] Optionally, the USB interface is a USB 3.0 interface, a USB 3.1 interface, a USB 3.2 interface or a USB 4 interface.

[0011] Optionally, the first communication module is a wireless communication module, and the second communication module is a mobile communication module.

[0012] Optionally, the first conversion unit is used to convert the level of the serial port transceiver signal of the first communication module so that it matches the level of the serial port transceiver signal of the first communication channel of the serial port switching module, and the second conversion unit is used to convert the level of the serial port transceiver signal of the second communication module so that it matches the level of the serial port transceiver signal of the second communication channel of the serial port switching module.

[0013] Optionally, the first conversion unit includes a first inverse conversion unit and a first in-phase conversion unit;

[0014] The first inverting conversion unit includes a third switching tube, a fifth voltage-dividing resistor, a sixth voltage-dividing resistor, and a second pull-up resistor, wherein one end of the fifth voltage-dividing resistor receives a serial port receive signal of the first communication channel, and the other end is connected to the base of the third switching tube, the collector of the third switching tube is connected to the second pull-up resistor and transmits the serial port receive signal of the first communication module, the emitter of the third switching tube is grounded, the other end of the second pull-up resistor is connected to the second voltage level, and one end of the sixth voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the fifth voltage-dividing resistor, and the other end is grounded;

[0015] The first in-phase conversion unit includes a fourth switching tube, a third pull-up resistor, a fourth pull-up resistor, and a first filter capacitor. One end of the fourth pull-up resistor is connected to the second level, and the other end is connected to the base of the fourth switching tube. The first filter capacitor is connected in parallel with the fourth pull-up resistor. The emitter of the fourth switching tube receives the serial port transmission signal of the first communication module, and the collector of the fourth switching tube is connected to the third pull-up resistor and sends the serial port transmission signal of the first communication channel. The other end of the third pull-up resistor is connected to the first level, and the first level is higher than the second level.

[0016] Optionally, the second conversion unit includes a second inverting conversion unit and a second non-inverting conversion unit, the second inverting conversion unit includes a fifth switching tube, a seventh voltage-dividing resistor, an eighth voltage-dividing resistor, and a fifth pull-up resistor, one end of the seventh voltage-dividing resistor receives the serial port receive signal of the second communication channel, and the other end is connected to the base of the fifth switching tube, the collector of the fifth switching tube is connected to the fifth pull-up resistor and transmits the serial port receive signal of the second communication module, the emitter of the fifth switching tube is grounded, the other end of the fifth pull-up resistor is connected to the third voltage level, and one end of the eighth voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the seventh voltage-dividing resistor, and the other end is grounded;

[0017] The second in-phase conversion unit includes a sixth switching tube, a sixth pull-up resistor, a seventh pull-up resistor, and a second filter capacitor. One end of the seventh pull-up resistor is connected to the third level, and the other end is connected to the base of the sixth switching tube. The second filter capacitor is connected in parallel with the seventh pull-up resistor. The emitter of the sixth switching tube receives the serial port transmission signal of the second communication module, the collector of the sixth switching tube is connected to the sixth pull-up resistor and sends the serial port transmission signal of the second communication channel. The other end of the sixth pull-up resistor is connected to the first level, and the first level is higher than the third level.

[0018] Optionally, a status indication unit is further included, and the status indication unit is connected to the power module, the first communication module and the second communication module respectively.

[0019] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an energy storage data acquisition system, including an inverter system; the data acquisition rod as described above, used to collect data in the inverter system; and a first connector, used to connect the data acquisition rod and the inverter system.

[0020] Optionally, the energy storage data acquisition system also includes an energy storage system, including a first wireless communication module; a BMS connector, used to connect the inverter system and the energy storage system; wherein the first communication module of the data acquisition stick is communicatively connected to the first wireless communication module of the energy storage system, and the data acquisition stick is also used to collect battery data from the energy storage system.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] The data acquisition stick of the present invention supports multi-mode wireless data transmission, including wireless communication and mobile communication, and can realize both short-distance local data interaction and long-distance cloud data interaction; in addition, the external port of the data acquisition stick of the present invention is a USB interface, which supports data interaction with the inverter system using the USB communication protocol, and can enable the same wireless data acquisition stick to adapt to different inverter systems, such as photovoltaic inverters, energy storage inverters, photovoltaic and storage hybrid inverters, etc., to achieve multiple uses of one stick, fast transmission of one stick and universal use of one stick, and has good convenience, efficiency and versatility.

[0023] Summary of the Figures

[0024] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present application, are incorporated into and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the present application, and together with this specification serve to explain the principles of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0025] FIG1 is a block diagram of a data acquisition wand system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] FIG2 is a system block diagram of an energy storage data acquisition system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] FIG3 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the external port in FIG1 .

[0028] FIG4A is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a serial port control unit.

[0029] FIG4B is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a multi-channel analog switch integrated unit.

[0030] FIG. 5A is a circuit diagram of a first inverting conversion unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] FIG. 5B is a circuit diagram of a first in-phase conversion unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] FIG. 6A is a circuit diagram of a second inverting conversion unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] FIG. 6B is a circuit diagram of a second in-phase conversion unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a status indication unit.

[0035] FIG8 is a system block diagram of an energy storage data acquisition system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] FIG9 is a system block diagram of an embodiment of a main control module of the inverter system in FIG8 .

[0037] Preferred embodiments of the present invention

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely examples or embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can apply this application to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without inventive effort. Unless otherwise apparent from the context or otherwise noted, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0039] Figure 1 is a system block diagram of a data acquisition stick according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the data acquisition stick 10 includes an external port 11, a serial port switching module 12, a transceiver level conversion module 13, a first communication module 14, a second communication module 15, and a power module 16. The transceiver level conversion module 13 includes a first conversion unit 131 and a second conversion unit 132. The first conversion unit 131 is connected to the first communication module 14, and the second conversion unit 132 is connected to the second communication module 15. The serial port switching module 12 includes a control terminal A, a first communication channel B1, and a second communication channel B2. The control terminal A is connected to the control signal pin of the external port 11 and is used to control the conduction of the first communication channel B1 or the second communication channel B2 based on received control signals. The first communication channel B1 is connected to the first conversion unit 131, and the second communication channel B2 is connected to the second conversion unit 132. The power module 16 is connected to the external port 11 and provides power to the first communication module 14 and the second communication module 15.

[0040] Optionally, the first communication module is a wireless communication module, which includes but is not limited to a WIFI module, a Bluetooth module and a Zigbee module.

[0041] Optionally, the second communication module is a mobile communication module, including but not limited to a 4G module or a 5G module. The following embodiments are described using an example in which the first communication module is a WIFI module or a Bluetooth module, denoted as a WIFI / Bluetooth module, and the second communication module is a 4G module.

[0042] Optionally, the data acquisition stick 10 can be used to collect energy storage data from the inverter system. Figure 2 is a system block diagram of an energy storage data acquisition system according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, the energy storage data acquisition system 200 includes a data acquisition stick 10, a USB connector 20, and an inverter system 30. The data acquisition stick 10 is connected to the inverter system 30 via the USB connector 20.

[0043] Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the external port shown in Figure 1. As shown in Figure 3, external port 11 includes a USB interface J1, a ferrite bead L1, resistors R4, R16, and R17. The metal shield of USB interface J1 is grounded via resistor R4. The power pin (pin 1) of USB interface J1 supplies the 5V power provided by the inverter system via the USB connector to the data acquisition stick via ferrite bead L1. The two USB 2.0 differential pins (pins 2 and 3) of USB interface J1 are connected to impedance matching resistors R16 and R17, which carry the USB host data differential signal transmitted by the inverter system via the USB connector to the data acquisition stick. These signal networks are designated USB_DM and USB_DP, respectively. Pins 5, 9, and 7 of USB interface J1 carry the serial port receive / transmit data and special IO control signals transmitted by the inverter system via the USB connector to the data acquisition stick. These signal networks are designated HOST_RXD, HOST_TXD, and HOST_nRST, respectively. When HOST_nRST is logic low, the mobile communication module can be selected for serial communication; when it is logic high, the wireless communication module can be selected for serial communication.

[0044] Optionally, the USB interface J1 is a USB 3.0 interface, a USB 3.1 interface, a USB 3.2 interface or a USB 4 interface.

[0045] Optionally, the serial port switching module 12 includes a serial port control unit 121 and a multi-channel analog switch integrated unit 122. Figure 4A is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the serial port control unit. As shown in Figure 4A, the serial port control unit 121 includes a switch tube Q2, a switch tube Q3, a resistor RM4, a resistor RM5, a resistor RM6, a resistor RM7, and a resistor RM8. Among them, one end of the resistor RM4 receives the control signal HOST_nRST, and the other end is connected to the base of the switch tube Q2. The collector of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the resistor RM7 and sends the second enable signal 4G_SEL. The other end of the resistor RM7 is connected to the first level (+5V). The emitter of the switch tube Q2 is grounded GND. One end of the resistor RM6 is connected to the collector of the switch tube Q2, and the other end is connected to the base of the switch tube Q3. The emitter of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the first level (+5V). The collector of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the resistor RM8 and sends the first enable signal WIFI / BT_SEL. The other end of the resistor RM8 is grounded. One end of the resistor RM5 is connected to the base of the switch tube Q2, and the other end is grounded.

[0046] Figure 4B is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a multi-channel analog switch integrated unit. As shown in Figure 4B, the serial port switching unit 122 includes a four-channel analog switch integrated chip U5 and a power decoupling capacitor C13. Referring to Figures 4A and 4B, when the received control signal HOST_nRST is logic low, the second enable signal 4G_SEL is logic high and the first enable signal WIFI / BT_SEL is logic low. Conversely, when the received control signal HOST_nRST is logic high, the second enable signal 4G_SEL is logic low and the first enable signal WIFI / BT_SEL is logic high. The second enable signal 4G_SEL and the first enable signal WIFI / BT_SEL are mutually exclusive signals. When the first enable signal WIFI / BT_SEL is high, channel 2 (IN2 and OUT2) and channel 3 (IN3 and OUT3) of U5 are selected, and the transceiver level conversion signal WIFI / BT_TXD2 of the WIFI / Bluetooth module (a transmitting signal for the WIFI / Bluetooth module) is selected as the serial port receive data signal HOST_RXD transmitted by the USB connector. At the same time, the serial port transmit data signal HOST_TXD transmitted by the USB connector is selected to the transceiver level conversion signal WIFI_RXD2 of the WIFI / Bluetooth module (a receiving signal for the WIFI / Bluetooth module).

[0047] When the second enable signal 4G_SEL is high, channel 1 (IN1 and OUT1) and channel 4 (IN4 and OUT4) of U5 are selected, and the transceiver level conversion signal 4G_TXD2 of the 4G module (a transmitting signal for the 4G module) is selected as the serial port receive data signal HOST_RXD transmitted by the USB connector. At the same time, the serial port transmit data signal HOST_TXD transmitted by the USB connector is selected to the transceiver level conversion signal 4G_RXD2 of the 4G module (a receiving signal for the 4G module).

[0048] Optionally, the first conversion unit 131 includes a first inverting conversion unit 1311 and a first non-inverting conversion unit 1312. Figure 5A is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the first inverting conversion unit. As shown in Figure 5A, the first inverting conversion unit 1311 includes a switch Q4, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, and a resistor R8. One end of resistor R9 receives WIFI / BT_RXD2, and the other end is connected to the base of switch Q4. The collector of switch Q4 is connected to resistor R8 and transmits WIFI_RXD. The emitter of switch Q4 is grounded to GND. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to a second voltage level, which in this embodiment is 3.3V. One end of resistor R10 is connected to resistor R9, and the other end is grounded to GND. Through the first inverting conversion unit 1311, the 5V logic level signal WIFI / BT_RXD2 from the first communication channel of the serial port switching module 12 is inverted into a 3.3V logic signal WIFI_RXD and sent to the WIFI / Bluetooth module.

[0049] Figure 5B is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the first in-phase conversion unit. As shown in Figure 5B, the first in-phase conversion unit 1312 includes a switch Q5, a resistor R12, a resistor R11, and a filter capacitor C15. One end of resistor R11 is connected to a first voltage level, and the other end is connected to the base of the switch Q5. In this embodiment, the first voltage level is 3.3V. The filter capacitor C15 is connected in parallel with resistor R11. The emitter of the switch Q5 receives WIFI_TXD, and the collector of the switch Q5 is connected to resistor R12 and transmits WIFI / BT_TXD2. The other end of resistor R12 is connected to the first voltage level, which in this embodiment is 5V. Through the first in-phase conversion unit 1312, the 3.3V logic signal WIFI_TXD from the WIFI / Bluetooth module is in-phase converted to a 5V logic signal WIFI / BT_TXD2 and sent to the first communication channel of the serial port switching module 12.

[0050] Optionally, the second conversion unit 132 includes a second inverting conversion unit 1321 and a second in-phase conversion unit 1322. Figure 6A is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the second inverting conversion unit. As shown in Figure 6A, the second inverting conversion unit 1321 includes a switch Q9, a resistor R28, a resistor R29, and a resistor R30. One end of resistor R28 receives 4G_RXD2, and the other end is connected to the base of switch Q9. The collector of switch Q9 is connected to resistor R30 and transmits 4G_RXD. The emitter of switch Q9 is grounded to GND. The other end of resistor R30 is connected to a third voltage level, which in this embodiment is VDD_EXT. One end of resistor R29 is connected to resistor R28, and the other end is grounded to GND. Through the second inverting conversion unit 1321, the 5V logic level signal 4G_RXD2 from the second communication channel of the serial port switching module 12 is inverted into the VDD_EXT logic level signal 4G_RXD and sent to the 4G module.

[0051] Figure 6B is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a second in-phase conversion unit. As shown in Figure 6B, the second in-phase conversion unit 1322 includes a switch Q10, resistors R32 and R31, and a filter capacitor C28. One end of resistor R31 is connected to the third voltage level, and the other end is connected to the base of the switch Q10. In this embodiment, the third voltage level is VDD_EXT. The filter capacitor C28 is connected in parallel with the resistor R31. The emitter of the switch Q10 receives 4G_TXD, and the collector of the switch Q10 is connected to the resistor R32 and transmits 4G_TXD2. The other end of the resistor R32 is connected to the first voltage level, which in this embodiment is 5V. Through the second in-phase conversion unit 1322, the VDD_EXT logic level signal 4G_TXD from the 4G module is in-phase converted into a 5V logic signal 4G_TXD2 and sent to the second communication channel of the serial port switching module 12.

[0052] In summary, the transceiver level conversion unit 13 is used to convert the level of the WIFI / BT serial port transceiver signal to match the level of a group of serial port transceiver signals of the serial port switching module; at the same time, it also converts the level of the 4G serial port transceiver signal to match the level of another group of transceiver signals of the serial port switching module.

[0053] Optionally, the 4G module includes a 4G integrated circuit, a 4G antenna and a SIM card. Optionally, the data acquisition stick 10 further includes a housing, and all components except the 4G antenna are located inside the housing.

[0054] Optionally, the data acquisition stick 10 also includes a status indication unit. Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the status indication unit. As shown in Figure 7, the status indication unit includes current limiting resistors RM1, RM2, RM3, voltage divider resistors R5 and R6, indicator lights LD1, LD2, LD3 and transistor Q1. When the USB connector is connected to a live inverter system, the data acquisition stick obtains a working power supply of +5V, which will light up the indicator light LD1. When the WIFI / Bluetooth module establishes a WIFI connection or a Bluetooth connection with other devices, the WIFI / BT_LINK signal is pulled low, which will light up the indicator light LD2. When the 4G module establishes a connection with the 4G network, the 4G_LINK signal is set high, which will drive the transistor Q1 to turn on, causing the indicator light LD3 to light up.

[0055] FIG8 is a system block diagram of an energy storage data acquisition system according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG8 , the energy storage data acquisition system 800 includes a wireless data acquisition stick 1, a USB connector 2, and an inverter system 3. The wireless data acquisition stick 1 includes a USB interface 1-1, a power module 1-2, a Wi-Fi / Bluetooth module 1-3, a 4G module 1-4, a Wi-Fi / Bluetooth antenna 1-5, a 4G antenna 1-6, an M2M SIM card 1-7, a status indicator unit 1-8, a transceiver level conversion unit 1-9, a serial port selector 1-10, and its plastic housing (the 4G antenna is located outside the plastic housing of the wireless data acquisition stick). The USB connector 2 includes a USB Type A female connector 2-1, a transfer circuit board 2-2, and a 9-pin single-row socket 2-3. The inverter system 3 includes a main control module 3-1, a power conversion unit 3-2, and an AC / DC input and output circuit 3-3. In addition to the core MCU monitoring circuit 3-1-1, the inverter system's main control module also includes external connections: a 9-pin single-row socket 3-1-2, an 8-pin single-row socket 3-1-3, an X-pin double-row IDC header 3-1-5, a Y-pin double-row IDC header 3-1-6, and a power socket 3-1-4. The inverter system's main control module 3-1 is connected to the power conversion unit 3-2 via the X-pin double-row IDC header 3-1-5 and the power socket 3-1-4. It is also connected to the AC / DC input / output circuit 3-3 via the Y-pin double-row IDC header 3-1-6 and the power socket 3-1-4. The USB connector 2 is typically mounted on the front panel of the inverter system 3. The USB A-type female connector seamlessly connects to the USB port on the wireless data acquisition stick. The USB connector's 9-pin single-row socket 2-3 is connected to the 9-pin single-row socket 3-1-2 of the inverter system's main control module via a cable.

[0056] If the inverter is a storage inverter or a hybrid solar-energy storage inverter, a BMS connector 4 is also installed on the inverter system panel, connecting to the secondary circuit of the battery energy storage system 5. The BMS connector 4 consists of an 8-pin single-row socket 4-1, a transfer circuit board 4-2, and an 8-pin terminal block 4-3. The battery energy storage system 5 typically includes a battery management unit 5-1, a battery pack 5-2, and a high-voltage control circuit 5-3. The battery management unit 5-1 includes an 8-pin terminal block 5-1-1, a battery monitoring module 5-1-2, a Wi-Fi / Bluetooth module 5-1-4, and a Wi-Fi / Bluetooth antenna 5-1-5. The 8-pin single-row socket 4-3 of the BMS connector 4 is connected to the 8-pin single-row socket 3-1-3 of the inverter main control module via a cable. The 8-pin terminal block 4-1 of the BMS connector 4 is connected to the 8-pin terminal block 5-1-1 of the battery energy storage system via a cable.

[0057] The inverter system's AC / DC input circuit 3-3 is externally connected to the photovoltaic (PV) panels, the AC grid, and the power load. When the inverter is a storage inverter or a hybrid PV / storage inverter, the high-voltage DC power provided by the battery pack of the battery energy storage system is also connected to the inverter system's AC / DC input circuit via a high-voltage control circuit. Inverter system 3 establishes a wireless connection with the battery management unit (BMU) of the BMU via the Wi-Fi / Bluetooth antenna of the wireless data acquisition stick, acquiring battery pack cell operating status data and transmitting firmware upgrades to the BMS. This allows the wireless data acquisition stick to simultaneously collect additional inverter system application data, including not only the inverter's own operating status data but also application data from the external BMU.

[0058] The 4G module in the wireless data acquisition stick can upload the operating status data of the inverter system and battery energy storage system to a cloud server via the 4G antenna and the cloud network. It can also download the respective firmware upgrades through the cloud server and the cloud network. This invention enables the same wireless data acquisition stick to be used in multiple inverter system application scenarios, enabling both short-range local data exchange and long-range cloud data exchange.

[0059] Figure 9 is a system block diagram of an embodiment of the main control module of the inverter system in Figure 8. As shown in Figure 9, the main control module 3-1 of the inverter system includes a monitoring MCU, a control MCU, an isolated power supply, two sets of 5V and 3.3V power supplies, and related peripheral interface circuits. The 5V and 3.3V power supplies for the monitoring MCU are the same as the 5V and 3.3V power supplies for the control MCU. Their front-end inputs are isolated from each other by an isolated power supply module, and their power supply is derived from the power outlet. The monitoring MCU and the control MCU communicate bidirectionally through their respective UART controllers or SPI controllers via high-speed optocoupler isolation circuits.

[0060] The serial port transceiver data signals and IO signals from a UART controller and GPIO controller within the monitoring MCU are combined through a logic level conversion circuit, along with the USB differential data signals from the USB host controller and the 5V supply voltage, to a 9-pin single-row socket connected to the USB connector. The CAN data signals from the CAN controller within the monitoring MCU are combined through a CAN transceiver, along with the serial port transceiver data signals and IO signals from another UART controller and GPIO controller, through an RS485 transceiver, and with IO signals from a third GPIO controller, all through a conventional optocoupler isolation circuit, to an 8-pin single-row socket connected to the BMS connector.

[0061] The control MCU, through the ADC controller and GPIO controller within the MCU, processes analog signals from the XPIN and YPIN dual-row IDC headers for signal conditioning and sampling via an external analog signal pre-processing circuit. The control MCU's GPIO controller and PWM controller, through an external digital signal pre-processing circuit, buffer and drive digital input and output signals, logically interlock multiple PWM switching signals, and connect them to the XPIN and YPIN dual-row IDC headers. These power sockets, XPIN and YPIN dual-row IDC headers, are connected to the secondary circuits of the power conversion unit and AC / DC input and output circuits within the inverter system. Both the XPIN and YPIN dual-row IDC headers are mixed analog and digital signal sockets. The XPIN double-row IDC bull-horn socket and the YPIN double-row IDC bull-horn socket have corresponding typical PIN pin numbers of 30, 34, 40, 50, 56, and 64, which can be flexibly selected according to the connection signal distribution between the inverter main control module and the power conversion unit and the AC / DC input and output circuits. The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above invention disclosure is only an example and does not constitute a limitation of the present application. Although not explicitly stated here, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements and corrections to the present application. Such modifications, improvements and corrections are suggested in the present application, so such modifications, improvements and corrections still fall within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0062] The data acquisition stick of the present invention supports multi-mode wireless data transmission, including wireless communication and mobile communication, which can realize both short-distance local data interaction and long-distance cloud data interaction; in addition, the data acquisition stick of the present invention and the inverter system use USB communication protocol for data interaction, which can enable the same wireless data acquisition stick to adapt to different inverter systems, such as photovoltaic inverters, energy storage inverters, photovoltaic-storage hybrid inverters, etc., and can realize multiple uses of one stick, fast transmission of one stick and universal use of one stick, with good convenience, high efficiency and versatility.

[0063] At the same time, this application uses specific terms to describe the embodiments of this application. For example, "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or multiple times in different locations in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this application may be appropriately combined.

[0064] Some aspects of the present application can be performed entirely by hardware, entirely by software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or by a combination of hardware and software. The above hardware or software can be referred to as "data blocks", "modules", "engines", "units", "components" or "systems". The processor can be one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DAPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or combinations thereof. In addition, various aspects of the present application may be expressed as computer products located in one or more computer-readable media, which include computer-readable program code. For example, computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, tapes...), optical disks (e.g., compact disks CDs, digital versatile disks DVDs...), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., cards, sticks, key drives...).

[0065] As used in this application and the claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" are not intended to refer to the singular but may include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprises" and "include" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements specifically identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. A method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0066] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The techniques, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as being merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0067] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0068] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0069] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is solely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, while the terms used in this application are selected from commonly known and commonly used terms, some terms mentioned in this specification may have been selected by the applicant at his or her discretion, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant sections of this description. Furthermore, this application should be understood not only by the actual terms used, but also by the meaning implied by each term.

[0070] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the presentation of this application and thus facilitate understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, the foregoing descriptions of the embodiments of this application sometimes combine multiple features into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the subject matter of this application requires more features than those recited in the claims. In fact, an embodiment may have fewer features than all of the features of a single embodiment disclosed above.

[0071] In some embodiments, numbers are used to describe the quantity of components and attributes. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Unless otherwise stated, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicate that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the description and claims are approximate values, which may change according to the required features of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general method of retaining digits. Although the numerical domains and parameters used to confirm the breadth of their range in some embodiments of the present application are approximate values, in specific embodiments, the settings of such numerical values ​​are as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

[0072] Although the present application has been described with reference to the current specific embodiments, ordinary technicians in this technical field should recognize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application, and various equivalent changes or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present application. Therefore, as long as the changes and modifications to the above embodiments are within the scope of the essential spirit of the present application, they will fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A data acquisition rod, characterized in that, Including: An external port, a serial port switching module, a transceiver level conversion module, a first communication module, a second communication module, and a power supply module. The transceiver level conversion module includes a first conversion unit and a second conversion unit. The first conversion unit is connected to the first communication module, and the second conversion unit is connected to the second communication module. The serial port switching module includes a control terminal, a first communication channel, and a second communication channel. The control terminal is connected to the control signal pin of the external port and is used to control the conduction of the first communication channel or the second communication channel according to the received control signal. The first communication channel is connected to the first conversion unit, and the second communication channel is connected to the second conversion unit.

2. The data acquisition stick according to claim 1, characterized in that, The serial port switching module includes a serial port control unit and a multiplexer integrated unit. The serial port control unit includes the control terminal, a first enable signal sending terminal, and a second enable signal sending terminal. The multiplexer integrated unit includes a first enable signal receiving terminal, a second enable signal receiving terminal, a first communication channel, and a second communication channel. The first enable signal sending terminal is connected to the first enable signal receiving terminal, and the second enable signal sending terminal is connected to the second enable signal receiving terminal. When the control signal received by the control terminal is at a high level, the first enable signal is at a high level and the second enable signal is at a low level, and the first communication channel is conducted. When the control signal received by the control terminal is at a low level, the first enable signal is at a low level and the second enable signal is at a high level, and the second communication channel is conducted.

3. The data acquisition stick according to claim 2, characterized in that, The serial port control unit includes: a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a first voltage dividing resistor, a second voltage dividing resistor, a third voltage dividing resistor, a fourth voltage dividing resistor, and a first pull-up resistor. One end of the first voltage dividing resistor receives the control signal, and the other end is connected to the base of the first switching tube. The collector of the first switching tube is connected to the first pull-up resistor and sends the second enable signal. The other end of the first pull-up resistor is connected to a first level, and the emitter of the first switching tube is grounded. One end of the third voltage dividing resistor is connected to the collector of the first switching tube, and the other end is connected to the base of the second switching tube. The emitter of the second switching tube is connected to the first level, and the collector of the second switching tube is connected to the fourth voltage dividing resistor and sends the first enable signal. The other end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor is grounded. One end of the second voltage dividing resistor is connected to the base of the first switching tube, and the other end is grounded.

4. The data acquisition stick according to claim 1, wherein The external port includes a USB interface, a magnetic bead, a grounding resistor, a first impedance matching resistor, and a second impedance matching resistor. The power supply pin of the USB interface is connected to an external power supply through the magnetic bead. Two USB2.0 differential pins of the USB interface receive two USB data differential signals through the first impedance matching resistor and the second impedance matching resistor. One of the ultra-high-speed differential receiving pins of the USB interface receives a serial port receiving signal, and one of the ultra-high-speed differential transmitting pins of the USB interface receives a serial port transmitting signal. The signal ground pin of the USB interface receives the control signal.

5. The data acquisition stick according to claim 4, characterized in that, The USB interface is a USB3.0 interface, a USB3.1 interface, a USB3.2 interface or a USB4 interface.

6. The data acquisition stick according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first communication module is a wireless communication module, and the second communication module is a mobile communication module.

7. The data acquisition rod according to claim 6, wherein The first conversion unit is used to convert the level of the serial port transceiver signal of the first communication module so that it matches the level of the serial port transceiver signal of the first communication channel of the serial port switching module. The second conversion unit is used to convert the level of the serial port transceiver signal of the second communication module so that it matches the level of the serial port transceiver signal of the second communication channel of the serial port switching module.

8. The data acquisition rod according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first conversion unit includes a first inverting conversion unit and a first non-inverting conversion unit; The first inverting conversion unit includes a third switching transistor, a fifth voltage dividing resistor, a sixth voltage dividing resistor, and a second pull-up resistor. One end of the fifth voltage dividing resistor receives the serial port receive signal of the first communication channel, and the other end is connected to the base of the third switching transistor. The collector of the third switching transistor is connected to the second pull-up resistor and transmits the serial port receive signal of the first communication module. The emitter of the third switching transistor is grounded. The other end of the second pull-up resistor is connected to the second level. One end of the sixth voltage dividing resistor is connected to the fifth voltage dividing resistor, and the other end is grounded; The first non-inverting conversion unit includes a fourth switching transistor, a third pull-up resistor, a fourth pull-up resistor, and a first filter capacitor. One end of the fourth pull-up resistor is connected to the second level, and the other end is connected to the base of the fourth switching transistor. The first filter capacitor is connected in parallel with the fourth pull-up resistor. The emitter of the fourth switching transistor receives the serial port transmit signal of the first communication module. The collector of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the third pull-up resistor and transmits the serial port transmit signal of the first communication channel. The other end of the third pull-up resistor is connected to the first level, and the first level is higher than the second level.

9. The data acquisition stick according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second conversion unit includes a second inverting conversion unit and a second non-inverting conversion unit. The second inverting conversion unit includes a fifth switching transistor, a seventh voltage dividing resistor, an eighth voltage dividing resistor, and a fifth pull-up resistor. One end of the seventh voltage dividing resistor receives the serial port receive signal of the second communication channel, and the other end is connected to the base of the fifth switching transistor. The collector of the fifth switching transistor is connected to the fifth pull-up resistor and transmits the serial port receive signal of the second communication module. The emitter of the fifth switching transistor is grounded. The other end of the fifth pull-up resistor is connected to the third level. One end of the eighth voltage dividing resistor is connected to the seventh voltage dividing resistor, and the other end is grounded; The second in-phase conversion unit includes a sixth switching transistor, a sixth pull-up resistor, a seventh pull-up resistor, and a second filter capacitor. One end of the seventh pull-up resistor is connected to the third level, and the other end is connected to the base of the sixth switching transistor. The second filter capacitor is connected in parallel with the seventh pull-up resistor. The emitter of the sixth switching transistor receives the serial port transmission signal of the second communication module, and the collector of the sixth switching transistor is connected to the sixth pull-up resistor and transmits the serial port transmission signal of the second communication channel. The other end of the sixth pull-up resistor is connected to the first level, and the first level is higher than the third level.

10. The data acquisition stick according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a status indication unit, which is respectively connected to the power supply module, the first communication module, and the second communication module.

11. A energy storage data acquisition system, characterized in that, Comprising: An inverter system; The data acquisition stick according to any one of claims 1 to 10, which is used to acquire data in the inverter system; A first connector, which is used to connect the data acquisition stick to the inverter system.

12. The energy storage data acquisition system according to claim 11, wherein It further includes: An energy storage system, including a first wireless communication module; A BMS connector, which is used to connect the inverter system to the energy storage system; Wherein, the first communication module of the data acquisition stick is communicatively connected to the first wireless communication module of the energy storage system, and the data acquisition stick is further used to acquire battery data from the energy storage system.

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