Advanced imaging system and method

Abstract

Improved novel 3D imaging and reconstruction methods for quantitative and accurate 3D imaging used in multiple industries, segments, and applications within each. Improvement includes methods and hardware configured to improve performance and lower radiation and improve accessibility. Using simplified system matrix and datasets of little scatter interference in tomographic image acquisition and reconstruction, in some cases, using time continuity and spatial continuity to generate parameter data for substances within VOI for a number of key applications in medical and non-medical fields.

Description

PCT OPAH.018WO33 PCT Patent ADVANCED IMAGING SYSTEM AND METHOD INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE TO ANY PRIORITY APPLICATIONS

[0001] U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.63 / 604499, filed on November 30, 2023; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.63 / 614,629, filed on December 25, 2023; US Provisional Patent Application No.63 / 614,631, filed on December 25, 2023; US Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 619,657, filed on January 10, 2024; US Provisional Patent Application No.6363 / 621083, filed on January 15, 2024; US Provisional Patent Application No.63 / 621,542, filed on January 16, 2024; US Provisional Patent Application No.63 / 554,951, filed on 02 / 17 / 2024; US Provisional Patent US 63561732, filed on 03 / 05 / 2024; US Provisional Application No.63 / 564,997, filed on 03 / 14 / 2024; US Provisional Patent, 63 / 570,237, filed on 03 / 24 / 2024; US Provisional Patent No. 63 / 570,237, filed on March 27, 2024; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No 63 / 575,866, filed on 04 / 08 / 2024; U.S. Provisional Patent 63 / 634,332, filed on 04 / 15 / 2024; US Provisional Patent, 63 / 659,335, filed on 06 / 13 / 2024; US Patent, 18 / 525,847, filed on 11 / 30 / 2023Field This application is related to X-ray imaging systems and related technology for Medical and non- Medical Applications, such as at least one step in the workflow of at least one application, for example, prognosis, risk factor assessment, diagnosis, specifically, for example, molecular interaction, cellular interaction, vital sign measurement, intervention guidance, decision making for treatment, surgical planning, implantation, monitoring, surveillance, image guidance, identification and characterization in medicine, drug discovery, toxicity studies using structure and / or functional measurement and analysis, life science research, non-destructive testing (NDT), field inspection, metrology, quality verification, sorting for farming, food processing, characterization of minerals and security, digital content for entertainment, commerce, social media and marketing, input data for AI based analysis. High accuracy 3D and / or spectral image and Shorter image acquisition time due to aforementioned projection geometry accelerating productivity and improve accuracy for a number of applications by the reduction of image acquisition time for 3D data and of imaging procedure time and / or and to in prove efficiency by reduction of work flow time In at least one step of the workflow in medical application, such as diagnosis and / or surgical guidance or medical applications or combination of any , the work flow time is essential for saving lives and quality of lives of the patient. Fast tracking, where fast spatial positioning or and / or tomographic image guidance, is critical for motion resolved data generated for improvement of image and / or data quantity in 3D and up to 7D. In research applications and industrial applications, fast tracking is essential for interrogating events which takes place in short time interval such as nanoseconds or picoseconds or femtosecond or less range, limitation of number of images acquired and / or moving and / or generating time resolved images are critical In situations where tomographic imaging is needed where movement of the imaged subject and / or hardware is limited by hardware and / or available hardware at the measurement setting, the present invention provides at least one solution for hardware and / or software and process. In one configuration, x ray tomographic image is acquired and / or derived with limited or no movement of at least one x ray source and / or at least one detector. AI for analysis and / or tracking and / or monitoring and / or workflow decisions and process utilizing input data from aforementioned inventions and elements are disclosed.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Tomographic imaging system such as traditional CTs, C arms and traditional Tomosynthesis systems, Cone Beam CTs, O arms, Densitometers, Fluoroscopes, IGCT and IGSF and other x-ray modalities of prior art, each are deficient in quality of the images generated and performance due to scatter and projection geometry, each is typically not standardized compared to each other , each has its own set of hardware and software algorithms issues limiting performance, therefore become the sources of radiological errors when data was used for any part of the workflow in an imaging or imaging assisted application, such as two different modalities have to be coregistered, repeated and additional measurements using x-ray or other non-x ray modalities have to be made in order to obtain necessary information for the task at hand, causing inefficiency and unnecessary high radiation exposure and waste of resources for image acquisition and management. Due to lack of ground truth data in each and / or most imaging modalities, functionality of AI for image analysis, workflow and monitoring is limited as well, result in prolonged time required for measurement procedure, poor performance and time required in analysis in each step of the workflow SUMMARY The x-ray and / or related measurement system, or method or non-transitory computer disclosed herein incorporates in entirety PCT WO2020028422 - SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR X-RAY IMAGING AND A CONTRAST AGENT, WO / 2019 / 183002 - X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY , WO2019144065 - METHODS FOR X-RAY IMAGING OF A SUBJECT USING MULTIPLE- ENERGY and PCT / US2020 / 062426 - IMPROVED X-RAY IMAGING SYSTEM, PCT / US2020 / 062426 - IMPROVED X-RAY IMAGING SYSTEM, PCT application number, PCT / US2022 / 031441, the following patents are also incorporated within: Method for improved breast x-ray imaging, Patent No: US6173034, Apparatus and method for removing scatter from an x-ray image using two-dimensional detectors and a single-energy spectrum x-ray source, Patent No. US 6134297; Apparatus and method for dual-energy x-ray imaging, Patent No: US6052433; Apparatus and method for removing scatter from an x-ray image, Patent No.5771269; Apparatus and method for removing scatter from an x-ray image. Patent No. US5648997 and US Patent, 18 / 525,847, Improved Imaging System and Method.In one configuration, at least one element or combination of any configurations from the aforementioned PCTs and patents may be used and / or combined with at least one element in the present disclosure. 2D / 3D measurement In one configuration, at least one parameter data map of one component or at least one segment of at least one substance derived from an image or measurement and / or data generated in point, 1D, or 2D or 3D or up to 7D can be generated and / or simulated and / or synthesized and extracted from the data and / or facts generated, from signal processing and / or reconstruction, or displayed on the computer display, or labeled with text based on at least one measurement In one configuration, a 3D image or data map is generated and / or extracted and / or synthesized and / or simulated from the said at least one measurement. In one configuration, An imaging system is comprised from front to back, source, detector, optionally a sample holder, and / or scatter removal devices such as beam blocker array or beam selector, single, or double or triple detectors or more are used which stack together or measure the same VOI from at least one angle, or different angles, or spatial location relative to at least one voxel within VOI In one configuration, the said imaging system is an x-ray imaging. In one configuration, at least one detector is an x ray detector. In one configuration, at least one detector is a semiconductor detector or detector for energy, such as electrical field or chemistry and / or thermal or optical or non-radiating energy detector and / or ultrasound and / or radiofrequency In one configuration, x ray optics such as grating and / or collimator and / or defector and / or focusing and / or condensing element and / or beam restricting and / or beam filtering element is in the beam path to manipulate the beam 3D Imaging In one configuration, for 3D imaging or data map generation of the segment of the substance and / or , of the component, the energy emitting position may be steered and / or moved and / or at least one segment of the substance and / or at least one component within the VOI is moved and / or moves during the measurement Phantom In one configuration, at least one phantom or reference object comprising of at least one calibration substance or substance within a VOI of an imaged subject is with at least one known parameter datavalue, such as density, mass, electron number and / or molecular number, total number of electrons, or at least one dimension value of its at least one physical features, is placed in the x ray or energy beam path of the substance of the VOI to generate measurement for derivation of a parameter data value for at least one segment of one substance contained within the imaged subject or VOI of the imaged subject on at least one pixel of at least one detector. In one configuration, the phantom is movable. In one configuration, at least one phantom or target comprising of at least one calibration substance or substance within a VOI of an imaged subject is with at least one known parameter data value, such as density, mass, electron number and / or molecular number, total number of electrons, or at least one dimension value of at least one of its physical features, is placed in the x ray or energy beam path of the substance of the VOI to generate measurement for derivation of a parameter data value for at least one segment of one substance contained within the imaged subject or VOI of the imaged subject on at least one pixel of at least one detector. In one configuration, the phantom is movable. In one configuration, at least one phantom or target comprising of at least one calibration substance or substance within a VOI of an imaged subject is with at least one known parameter data value, such as density, mass, electron number and / or molecular number, total number of electrons, or at least one dimension value of at least one of its physical features, is placed in the x ray or energy beam path of the substance of the VOI to generate measurement for derivation of a parameter data value for at least one segment of one substance contained within the imaged subject or VOI of the imaged subject on at least one pixel of at least one detector. In one configuration, the phantom is movable. In one configuration, accuracy of data derived for at least one parameter data for at least one segment of substance is improved , as the data is derived from varied orientation of the x ray projection measurement of the VOI and / or of the phantom or the target or the reference object or the calibration substance or substance is combined. In one configuration, at least one parameter data for at least one segment of one substance derived from at least one measurement of a portion of the VOI and / or measurements generated within a small variation in relative spatial position of x ray emitting position to the VOI, is derived and used in reconstruction of at least one parameter data value of the said segment of the said substance, and the use of the image subject or VOI specific and / or projection path specific calibration dataset generated by the use of phantom placed in the x ray projection beam path or the use of a large number of calibration datapoints generated by a premeasurement calibration procedure involvingphantoms containing a large number of variation in the value of at least one parameter data value such as thickness and / or density for a segment of each substance, or a number of calibration dataset generated by the measurements of the actual imaged subject or VOI approximately the same or similar to VOI of the imaged subject in the imaging procedure in thickness along the VOI and / or substances within VOI illuminated by the x ray projection beam at the same imaging setting and / or data derived for said segment of each substance within the VOI of the imaged subject. In one configuration, elements, or non-transitory computer for storage medium, or hardware of aforementioned PCTs and / or the present disclosure may be selectively combined with a basic x ray system comprising at least one x ray source and / or a detector, as an sub modules or as an addon kit or software upgrade for a complete imaging system or software related to the image processing and / or image analysis of the data generated by the complete imaging system . Such element or kit component in hardware and / or software may be combined with any x ray imaging system and / or data analysis to improve speed, resolution, foot print, diagnostic value, save time and reduce radiation level and interfering artifacts in imaging and quantitative measurements and / or to the parameter data and / or data derived from any can be used and / or combined with and / or used as input and / or a feature in an AI software to train or analyze to diagnose, predict, prognose or monitor, or track, or inspect, or 3D render, or test, or check and / or characterize an imaged object in the workflow of medical, non-medical applications. In one configuration, improved reconstruction methods for quantitative 3D imaging are based on using simplified system matrix and datasets of little scatter interference in fast and low radiation tomographic image acquisition and reconstruction. In one configuration, a method and / or non-transitory computer for storage medium and a x ray or optical measurement system for annotation and / or labeling of at least one parameter data of at least one segment of one substance within VOI of an imaged subject, is derived from at least one measurement of VOI and / or image generated from and / or extracted at least one parameter data of at least one segment of at least one substance. In one configuration, The parameter data is of at least one physical property, chemical property, electrochemical property and / or electrical or electromagnetic property or thermal property for at least one substance within VOI, in time, and / or in space and / or in frequency domain and / or variation of any and / or combination of any, or relative value of any compared to at least one parameter data for at least one other portion or segment of the substance or at least one other substance within VOI of the imaged subject, and / or derivative of any.In one configuration, said property is mass, volume, mass density or electron density and / or derivation of any and / or combination of In configuration the derived property is x ray measurement property or energy measurement property such as attenuation coefficient, or stopping power and / or intensity of measurement and / or change of any and / or derivation of any for at least one segment of at least one substance In one configuration, a method and / or non-transitory computer and / or x ray measurement system is comprised of at least one database for storing values for at least one parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance in normal, and / or probability statistics relating to the value to a normal state and / or abnormal state comprised of a diseased or injured state of VOI or imaged subject In one configuration, the probability statistics is derived from at least two data points of normal and / or abnormal subjects or at least two data points of normal and two data points of abnormal state and / or of development state and / or a condition or physiological state In one configuration, the number of data points is comprised of a number of data points which is statistically meaningful and / or acceptable and / or useful and / or a standard in the industry of application and / or in the application and / or defined by at least one user for the probability calculation. In one configuration, the value for at least one parameter data for at least one substance in the database is used in testing data value for a parameter data value derived for at least one substance in the VOI based on at least one measurement, against to derive a fact relating to or useful for at least one step of the work flow in the medical or non-medical application In one configuration, the payment and / or transaction method for a method, or non-transitory computer for storage medium and / or x ray system, or for services for the use of any, for each step in work flow of medical and nonmedical application, or transaction method is comprised of purchase of related equipment, software and / or add on kit, subscription for services in hardware and software, or pay per image or per image procedure or per result revenue model In one configuration, the payment currency is a digital currency and / or cryptocurrency. Density measurement, thickness measurement, interface region of two materials In one configuration, at least one thin beam projected through the VOI, where density measurement is to be done for at least one tissue, or at least one segment of at least one substance or at least one component of interest. In one configuration, the projected region on the detector is approximately at least one pixel or more.In one configuration, Two or multiple beams which are distributed or have distance apart from each other may be used to illuminate the VOI, all at the same time or at different time points. Each beam may be generated by the field of view of a transmission window of collimator or beam restricting part. Or multiple beams or structural illumination of thin beams may be generated by a collimator placed between the patient of the source, which has one or more x ray transmission regions, distributed across from the x ray beam cross section. Dual or multiple energy measurements may be derived. Inverse functional response equation system look particle absorber particle array may be used to derive the attenuation value of the component or at last one substance. In one configuration, improved 3D hardware configuration for better safety, better accuracy, and / or better sensitivity and / or better specificity and / or any one of performance parameters for an x ray imaging system including improved 3D reconstruction in speed and / or accuracy, and reduction of complexity in robotics, or each imaging produce within a work flow in research, diagnostics, surgical guidance and / or a portion or all steps of medical healthcare delivery, and non-medical applications and services, the improvement is one or combination of the any of the following In one configuration 3D image acquisition at a plurality of relative spatial position between the x ray emitting position and VOI or at least one portion of the detector, projection generated at each relative spatial position of x ray emitting position to VOI different from other projections by at least one voxel and / or approximately sharing at least one voxel of the VOI In one configuration, the distance between x ray emitting positions, for generating x ray beam to measurement a portion of VOI, for example, between adjacent x ray emitting positions and / or between the movement of a portion of VOI for x ray measurement, is quantitatively related to approximately the resolution in at least one axis or at least one third axis or third dimension for at least one segment of at least one substance or quantitatively related to the thickness of the at least one segment of at least one substance with the portion of VOI measured and / or quantitative related to the thickness of the portion of VOI measured In one configuration, the total area or volume or distances traveled for the x ray emitting positions or total number of x ray emitting positions and / or relative position of at least one segment of the substance within VOI combined in 3D imaging acquisition is approximately quantitatively related to or approximately the same as at least the thickness of the VOI or at least the thickness of at leastone segment of at least one substance within VOI measured along the x ray beam path, or along the z axis perpendicular to the detector or along the axial direction. In one configuration, the x ray emitting position to generate projection image of VOI is within the total area or volume or the distance travels by the x ray emitting position is within the total area or volume which is approximately the same or less than or quantitatively related to the thickness of the VOI or to the thickness of each segment of substance In one configuration, 3D data reconstruction for least one parameter data of at least one segment of at least one substance within VOI involves segmentation, and / or tracking and / or derivation of at least one parameter data of at least one segment of the at least one substance within the VOI and / or annotation and / or labeling and / or iterative or repeated activity of any. In one configuration, the tracking of at least one segment of the at least one substance within a VOI is based on matching and / or tracking at least one parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance generated from measurement of x ray beam passing through the segment of the said substance generated from at least one pixel of the detector to prior data degenerated from at least one prior measurement or prior knowledge and / or the same or a different imaging procedure In one configuration, the tracking involves matching and / or tracking at least one parameter data of at least one segment of at least one substance generated from measurement of x ray beam passing through the segment of the said substance on at least two pixels of the detector and each pixel is separated from the other pixel by at least one pixel or a pixel region comprised of two or more pixels. In one configuration, the tracking involves matching and / or tracking value of at least one parameter data of at least one segment of at least one substance and of at least one parameter data of at least one other segment of at least one substance and / or at least one segment of at least one other substance generated from at least one measurement of x ray beam passing through the segment of the said substance on at least two pixels of the detector In one configuration, such value for at least one parameter data for a segment of at least one substance are stored in a database and / or is label and / or annotated during the imaging procedure and / or post imaging procedure analysis and / or prior to the imaging procedure In one configuration said labeling of at least one parameter data of at least one segment of at least one substance is based on a database generated from a published source. In one configuration, said identification of at least one segment of at least one substance is based on at least one parameter data value.In one configuration, such value for at least one parameter data for a segment of at least one substance are stored in a database and / or is labeled and / or annotated or repeatedly annotated during the imaging procedure and / or post imaging procedure analysis In one configuration, derivation of the value of at least one parameter data of the said substance is comprised of systems and / or methods and / or non-transitory computer for storage medium of algorithms, and / or data base and software execution containing one or more of the elements in this disclosure and / or from aforementioned PCTs and Patents. In one configuration said pixels are separated from the other pixel spatially In one configuration, the value for at least one parameter data of at least one segment of at least one said substance illuminated by the x ray beam collected by the said one or two pixels of the detector is known and / or derived from a different x ray measurement and / or imaging procedure or obtained from prior knowledge and / or derived from an x ray measurement or obtained from at least one other parameter data related to the segment of the said substance. In one configuration, use of AI for tracking and motion resolved imaging. In one configuration, image reconstruction method using AI, such as Spread Function Distance method or Mesh method and / or point cloud method for reconstruction using 2D images with scatter reduced, or 2D data derived from at least one measurement of the VOI, or material decomposed substance data or image, to generate 3D images, or 3D spatial distribution data for at least one parameter data for at least one substance and / or use segmented 3D spatial distribution data and / or segmented 3D images and / or material decomposed 2D or 2D data and / or image generated from any or combination of any, using data or image derived from 3D data or image generated from at least one measurement of VOI and / or material decomposed data and / or image derived from material decomposed data and / or data derived from spectral imaging or dual energy or multiple energy imaging, to generate spatial data or image for time resolved and / or motion resolved 3D reconstruction of VOI or time resolved and / or motion resolved 3D reconstruction of at least one substance in VOI In one configuration, AI image reconstruction method, such as Spread Function Distance method or Mesh method and / or point cloud method for reconstruction using 2D images with scatter reduced, or 2D data derived from at least one measurement of the VOI, or material decomposed substance data or image, to generate 3D images, or 3D spatial distribution data for at least one parameter data for at least one substance, use at least one of segmented 3D spatial distribution data and / or segmented 3D images and / or material decomposed 2D or 2D data and / or image generated fromany or combination of any, or using data or image derived from 3D data or image generated from at least one measurement of VOI and / or material decomposed data and / or image derived from material decomposed data and / or data derived from spectral imaging or dual energy or multiple energy imaging, as motion or time resolved motion reference data, reconstructed data is tested against the reference data to ensure matching and confirmation of the reconstructed result, to generate spatial data or image for time resolved and / or motion resolved 3D reconstruction of VOI or time resolved and / or motion resolved 3D reconstruction of at least one substance in VOI in one configuration, image reconstruction method, is comprised of using data from one or more of the following. 2D images with scatter reduced, or 2D data derived from at least one measurement of the VOI, or material decomposed substance data or image, to generate 3D images, or 3D spatial distribution data for at least one parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance, or use at least one of segmented 3D spatial distribution data and / or segmented 3D images and / or material decomposed 2D or 2D data and / or image generated from any or combination of any, or using data or image derived from 3D data or image generated from at least one measurement of VOI and / or material decomposed data and / or image derived from material decomposed data and / or data derived from spectral imaging or dual energy or multiple energy imaging, or use motion or time resolved motion reference data, or reconstructed data is tested against the reference data to ensure matching and confirmation of the reconstructed result for verification and / or improvement of accuracy, or to generate spatial data or image for time resolved and / or motion resolved 3D reconstruction of VOI based on at least one measurement of the VOI or time resolved and / or motion resolved 3D reconstruction of at least one segment of at least one substance in VOI. In one configuration, the x ray imaging system and / or method and / or a non-transitory computer for storage medium includes one or combination of any of the following in improve performance and / or more functionality for medical and / or non-medical applications • complete one system for combing multiple functionalities including device and method to generate and process images and data and method for at least one step in the workflow of medical or non-medical application, such as diagnostics, intervention planning and guidance and / or live measurement• conversion of at least one parameter value such as mass, or electron or mass density and / or derivative of any for at least one segment of at least one substance to at least one parameter data value of at least one segment of at least one substance in terms of at least one x ray measurement property such as attenuation value or stopping power or intensity level or change of any at single or dual energy or multiple energy level for the VOI containing the substance and / or vice versa • liquid and / or blood flow for at least one segment of at least one substance, and / or diffusion measurement & pressure measurement of at least one segment of at least one substance within a fluidic channel or portion of volume of interest • time resolved reconstruction or motion correction, or motion artifact removed multiple dimension, 3D or up to 7D data or image map reconstruction • spectral imaging to generate at least one parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance in time and / or in space and / or in frequency domain and / or derivative of any and / or combination of any • annotation and / or labeling method for at least one segment of at least one substance and / or related configuration of hardware and / or computer and / or software method • database establishment for calibration dataset and / or for dataset used in at least one step in work flow of non-medical or medical application, such as diagnosis, or risk factor assessment or outcome prediction assessment or prognosis, intervention guidance or treatment planning and selection and / or decision making • scatter removal and reduction hardware and / or related software • measure or image acquisition configuration for 3D data or 3D image reconstruction for at least segment of at least one substance in VOI • Autonomous driving vehicle containing a x ray measurement device or analyzer or autonomous moving imaging systems • pulse waveform - adaptive algorithms to measure blood pressure and / or differentiate and / or derive the percentage or ratio of two molecules • robotics for surgery and / or production or industrial applications guided by the x ray measurement device and method • electromagnetic steer improved version for x ray emitting position steering for generating relative spatial positions of x ray emitting position to VOI • motion configuration for fast imaging – spiral motion pattern or geometry configuration for x ray emitting position or x ray source• complete system and / or method and / or non-transitory computer for operation with improved user interface • user interface for the complete measurement and / or analysis system including computer input device and / or software and / or data analysis software and / or hardware • image and / or text presentation method from the 3D or 3D data or image reconstructed or 1D to 7D data extracted from measured data and / or image processed data or measurement processed data and / or one parameter data generated and / or extracted and / or processed data or image for at least one segment of at least one substance within the VOI and / or within the reference or target or phantom object or any object containing a substance for calibration and / or verification and / or referencing • definition, use and / or derivation of at least one parameter data for at least one biomarker based on at least one parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance for at least step within the workflow of at least one medical application or drug research and discovery and life science research • definition in description and / or value range and / or derivation based on artificial intelligence of a new parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance, stored in the database • data analytics used for application based on x ray or energy measurement and derived data for at least one segment of at least one substance or at least one parameter data generated from at least one measurement of VOI containing the substance • ratio of value and / or quantitative relationship for at least one parameter data for at least two substances and / or for at least two segments of the same substance • parametric reconstruction, and / or the use of to generate data or image for at least one parameter data value for at least one substance, such as trace element or metal cation • parametric reconstruction, and / or the use of to generate data or image for at least one parameter data value for at least one substance, such as trace element or metal cation. • retrofit or add on kit or modification module to improve functionality and performance of any of or combination of the measurement system, and / or non-transitory computer and or a method for any step of the workflow or research within an application of interest • an enclosed system and / or non-transitory computer and a method for imaging subjects and / or observation and / or radiation protection, such as for small animal and / or live organism or live cell or live animal observation in time, or in space, or in frequency domain and / or derivation of any and / or combination of any• phantom or reference object and / or target or quality verification and confirmation object or calibration substance with at least one substance or at least a combination of two substances to generate calibration dataset for at least one parameter data relating to x ray measurement property such as attenuation value, its conversion to at least one parameter data value for at least one segment of at least one substance such as density or mass or number of electron or electron density or volume and / or spatial distribution in 3D or in at least one voxel or at least one parameter value derived from any or combination of any to be stored in database in the non-transitory medium. • sensitivity verification using x ray system and / or related analyzer for at least one segment of at least one substance • a method and / or a non-transitory computer and / or x ray system for standardizing image or data derivation and / or signal processing for at least one segment of at least one substance or at least one portion of VOI from exposure to exposure or from one measurement to another measurement • endogenous element as contrast agents to image fluidic and / or used as molecular label to improve specificity and / or lower toxicity • endogenous element as contrast agents in nanoparticle format, such as less than 1um in at least one dimension to image fluidic and / or used as molecular label to improve specificity and / or lower toxicity • a high throughput imaging system wherein at least two or more portion of VOI and / or samples and / or imaged subjects are measured and / or reconstructed and / or analyzed, and / or results and / or reports related generated in less than 1 s • a high throughput imaging system wherein at least two or more portion of VOI and / or samples and / or imaged subjects are measured and analyzed in the same time frame and / or in sequence with a time duration of less than current uCT or CT or tomographic imaging system • a high throughput imaging system wherein at least two or more portion of VOI and / or samples and / or imaged subjects are measured and / or reconstructed and / or analyzed, and / or results and / or reports related generated in the same time frame and / or in sequence with a time duration of less than current uCT or CT or tomographic imaging system, or less than 5-10 minutes • a high throughput imaging system wherein at least two or more portion of VOI and / or samples and / or imaged subjects are measured and / or reconstructed and / or analyzed,and / or results and / or reports related generated in the same time frame and / or in sequence with a time duration of less than current uCT or CT or tomographic imaging system, or less than 1-5 minutes • a high throughput imaging system wherein at least two or more portion of VOI and / or samples and / or imaged subjects are measured and / or reconstructed and / or analyzed, and / or results and / or reports related generated in the same time frame and / or in sequence with a time duration of less than current uCT or CT or tomographic imaging system, or less than 10-30 minutes • interpretive neural network or AI, or Machine Learning, or Neural Network Algorithms and / or combination of any, comprising a software and / or non-transitory computer and / or measurements generated by at least one measurement system or at least one measurement system using data such input data based on at least one parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance and / or said data is generated from at least one parameter data relating to x ray measurement property such as attenuation value and / or primary x ray measurement and / or stopping power and / or derivation of any and / or combination of any to derive fact or result about at least one segment of at least one substance in the VOI, or the imaged subject, said fact is used in at least one step in the work flow of medical and anon medical applicationDETAILS OF DRAWINGS Fig.1. In one configuration, the rotating stage R may turn the x ray source 12 in a plane approximately perpendicular to the detector and / or virtual detector plane as illustrated in Fig 1 Fig.2 In one configuration, the rotation stage R1 may rotate the x ray source 12 in the xy plane approximately parallel to the detector as illustrated in Fig.2 In one configuration, Both R 1 and R 2 or R1 or R2, can be moved by translation stages or at least one translation stage in the x or y direction, in a plane, approximately parallel to the detector. Fig.3 indicates the 6D space where x, y z and pitch, yaw, row axis relative to the VOI and the relative movement of a rotating mover moving the x ray source. In one configuration, the attachment of the upper gantry, and / or translation stages or linear translation stage in the x or y or both directions, or motors can be directly or through a hardware device to at least one rotational stage or mover R1, for example, to rotate at least one x ray source, 12, in the detector plane or in the roll direction and / or to rotate in the plane vertical to the detector plane, using R2 mover or rotational stage, for example, in yaw, or both, in some cases, one rotating stage is attached to the second one with an attachment hardware, 10, one example is illustrated in Fig.3 Fig.4 illustrates the inversion of energy response function system to generate at least one parameter data value such as value of mass density and / or mass or electron or electron number for at least one substance. The method of generating energy response function system can be interpolation and / or extrapolation or extension of linearity relationship or linear regression, for attention value and / or stopping power and / or mass attenuation data or linear attenuation coefficient to the value of at least one parameter data for the substance: such as density and / or mass or total electron in 2D projected image or data or in a voxel or in a 3D volume. Fig.5, illustrates one configuration of the belt design. X ray source 12, F1, is one region of the filter or the belt, F, F2 is a different region of the belt, at one point of time, F1 and F2 can overlap within field of view of x ray beam. X ray illuminates from source 12, and passing through F1 and F2 and reaching VOI 2 and projects on Detector 22 Fig.6 illustrates the coordinated steering of electron beam by an electron magnetic steerer and moving of x ray tube during measurements for a tomographic image, mover moving x ray tube away from position 1, Electromagnetic steerer steering electron beam back to position 1.Fig.7a, illustrates in one configuration, configuration of a phantom placed in the path of x ray projection of VOI, related x ray imaging system and / or computer calculation and storage medium comprising at least one or more or combination of any of the following methods and devices and computer related tasks and hardware: volume of known material or substance with known value for at least one parameter data for at least one segment of the said substance, such as known density and / or known substance purity level is placed the beam path of x ray passing through VOI; In one configuration, the phantom comprise region 1 and / or region 2, collecting x ray beam signal in region 1, region 2 is an window for transmission, Region 3 is a detector region where projection produces a signal on the detector with or without a portion of VOI Fig.7b, illustrates substance 1 – S1, Substance 2-S2, Substance 3 -S3, Substance 4-S4, exploded view on the left, stacked configuration on the right. Fig.8 illustrates Energy response function system establishment with a phantom in the x ray beam projection path of at least one portion of VOI. Measurement of one voxel or one thickness level for known substance or for a calibration substance with known value for at least one parameter data such as a material or substance with known density or known mass or known electron level and / or total electron level or a parameter data derived from any, within a volume or in 2D or in 3D in time and / or in space and / or in frequency domain and / or combination of any and / or derivation of any. Fig.9 illustrates establishment of energy response function system for two or more substances in one voxel and / or in one volumetric volume. Energy response function system is also called “nonlinear energy equation system” or nonlinear dual energy equation system or “ non linear multiple energy equation system” Fig.10 illustrates one configuration of x ray system, source, 12, detector 22, beam blocker array 100, and primary x ray 32, VOI, 2, sample support, or patient holder or cover for the detector gantry210, and transmissive region of sample support, 29. In one configuration, an sample holder can be inserted between VOI and the cover for the detector gantry 210. Fig.11 schematics of full view imaging system for a full view imaging of VOI combined with a imaging system configuration of a selected VOI, in this case, a higher resolution imaging of selected VOI . the two system, can be in a same system, controlled by at least one computer and at least one display or at least one user interface or at least one computer peripheral device or independently operated or controlled, each with at least one computer and at least one display or at least one user interface or at least one computer peripheral device Fig.12 x ray source 12, generates a beam toward VOI, reaches the detector assembly and the patient detector, 2 is the VOI, with different voxel spatial position, 22, detector, 2s is the subunit and 2v is the voxel , a, b, c are some selected examples of subunits and voxel relative to the projection beam 32 Reconstruction can be based on at least one measurement, where the subunit, a fraction of the voxel is used to calculate the varied spatial geometry for each projection collected on each pixel and generating at least one linear equation comprising of at least one portion of a subunit within a voxel. With enough subunits, sufficient linear equation are generated to resolve the value for at least one parameter data for the substance for at least one voxel along at least one column containing at least one voxel or approximately at least one voxel in each voxel layer. Fig.13 Flow diagram for 3D reconstruction and analysis Fig.14 Flow diagram for 3D reconstruction and analysis for dual-energy Fig.15 Flow diagram for 3D reconstruction and analysis for dual energy and at a plurality of relative x ray emitting position to a portion of the detector or relative to a portion of VOI Fig.163D reconstruction and / or Material Decomposition Process - Flow Chart of material decomposition using triple energy x ray measurement or dual energy x ray measurement and 3D reconstruction to separate at least three different substances.Detailed Specifications In one configuration, entire Content described in PCTs , WO2020028422 - SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR X-RAY IMAGING AND A CONTRAST AGENT, WO / 2019 / 183002 - X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY , WO2019144065 - METHODS FOR X-RAY IMAGING OF A SUBJECT USING MULTIPLE-ENERGY and PCT / US2020 / 062426 - IMPROVED X-RAY IMAGING SYSTEM are some of the hardware and software included as what is called the x ray imaging system, tomography system, spectral imaging system or tomosynthesis system and methods. PCT / US2020 / 062426 - IMPROVED X-RAY IMAGING SYSTEM, PCT application number, PCT / US2022 / 031441; Method for improved breast x-ray imaging, Patent No: US6173034, Apparatus and method for removing scatter from an x-ray image using two-dimensional detectors and a single-energy spectrum x-ray source, Patent No. US 6134297; Apparatus and method for dual-energy x-ray imaging, Patent No: US6052433; Apparatus and method for removing scatter from an x-ray image, Patent No.5771269; Apparatus and method for removing scatter from an x-ray image. Patent No. US5648997, are incorporated within in its entirety in the present closure. In One configuration, at least one element or one method and / or one step or one concept of any of the above patents and the present disclosure can be used as a replacement and / or add on module or modification for an existing software, or hardware and / or non transitory computer for an improved version for data generation, or analysis and / or additional functionalities and / or features and improved imaging and / or measurement and / or analysis or input data for another step in the workflow of an application of interest for at least one segment of at least one substance within the VOI. In one configuration, Elements and aspects of the aforementioned PCTs may be combined here with new content as a complete system or sub modules in a kit or an add on component or software modules of a complete software application. In one configuration, Such element or kit component in hardware and / or software may be combined with any x ray imaging system to improve speed, resolution, foot print, diagnostic value, save time and reduce radiation level and artifacts in imaging and quantitative measurements and for be used by generative AI and / or AI, or Machine Learning, or Neural Network Algorithms and / or combination of any, to analyze to diagnose, monitor, track, inspect and test in medical and / or non medical applications.In one configuration, Improved reconstruction methods for quantitative 3D imaging is based on using simplified system matrix and datasets of little scatter interference in fast and low radiation tomographic image acquisition and reconstruction some using time continuity and spatial continuity. In one configuration, derivation of a parameter data value such as Mass, density, electron density in at least one voxel or spatial distributed volume for at least one substance based on 3D to 7 D reconstruction and / or material decomposition of the segment of a VOI from at least one projection measurement of VOI containing at least one portion of the segment and / or conversion of attenuation value in at least one voxel or a volumetric unit or spatial distributed volume to and from at least one parameter data for at least one substance relating to physical properties of VOI or at least one substance in VOI is based on a calibration dataset comprising of interpolated data and / or extrapolated data for at least one substance and / or the use of energy response function and inversion of energy response function and / or measurement at single dual energy or multiple energy of at least one calibration substance within a phantom and / or a real imaged subject. In one configuration, 3D reconstruction using Fourier transform or Radon Transform and / or ART and / or monte carlo or analytical or discrete method or approximation method or iterative reconstruction method and / or derivative from any and / or combination of any to solve multiple variable linear equations to improve speed and / or resolution in 3D reconstruction based on scatter reduced 2D projection measurement with or 2D projection measurement with negligible scatter effect. In one configuration, alignment of x ray tube relative to the pixel region of the a detector, such as x- ray emitting position or x ray source center ray or a reference beam path with at least one pixel or pixel region or the entirety of the detector is based on technique using 3D phantom with distributed beam blockers or distributed mass of at least one substance with fixed and known geometry, and / or known spatial distribution, each beam blocker attenuates x ray beam at least partially, 3D reconstruction and / or image analysis using the 3D reconstruction method to generate projection matrix data set for positioning x ray emitting position of the source or the center ray of the x ray emitting position and / or for align the x ray tube to at least one portion of detector In one configuration, the number of beam blocker array phantom or number of distributed mass within 3D phantom is between 5 to 50 or more within the 3D phantom. In one configuration, the 3D phantom is approximately the same size of a typical VOI of the imaged subject.In one configuration, Scatter removal or reduction is accomplished in time domain and / or spatial domain and / or frequency domain. In one configuration, in time domain, scatter reduction or scatter and primary x ray separation is achieved through the use of time of flight x ray source and / or paired with a detector, so that primary x ray beam reaches the detector and / or collected at a different time frame or time period than the scatter x ray. In one configuration, the x ray source generates pulses that are approximately or shorter than nanosecond and / or microsecond. In one configuration, the x ray detector collects x ray signal within a pulse width window which is shorter or approximately the same as nanosecond range and / or microsecond range. In one configuration, Time domain scatter removal using time of flight sensor and / or time of flight x -ray source In one configuration, the time domain scatter removal is based on the use of time of flight sensor and / or time of flight x ray source. In one configuration, Frequency domain scatter removal is comprised of hardware which uses a primary modulator to modulate spatial frequency of primary x ray therefore the x ray signal can be separated in the frequency domain to primary x ray signal and scatter x ray signal. In one configuration, scatter removal is comprised of Spatial domain scatter removal method which is based on an interpolation method In one configuration, Scatter removal method and apparatus ( dual detector) Fig to be added In one configuration, the x ray imaging system, a non-transitory computer as storage medium for database, algorithms and method, and / or the method for a scatter removal or spatial domain scatter removal, is comprised of at least one or more or combination of any of the following From front to back, as illustrated in Fig…. a x-ray source comprising at least one x ray emitting position,in one configuration, the adjacent x ray emitting positions are apart by at least one distance such that projection path of the VOI generated by radiation from at least one emitting position is different from that of the at least one other emitting position by approximately one voxel or a different set of projection paths are generated by each of the x ray emitting position detector assembly, comprising of at least one detector or two detectors, a front and rear detector In one configuration, Beam blocker array plate or can be called “beam absorption particle array” or can be called “beam stopper array” is either sandwiched in between two detectors or placed above a detector In one configuration, improved scatter reduction method includes one or more of the following: In one configuration, Beam blocker array plate or can be called “beam absorption particle array” or can be called “beam stopper array” is either sandwiched in between two detectors or approximately 1 – 7 cm above a detector or approximately 1 – 7 cm above a rear detector In one configuration, beam blocker array may be comprised of distributed beam blockers on a plate, made of x ray transmitting material, each beam blocker may be comprised of tungsten or other material or mixture of material such as alloy, which can attenuate x ray approximately 100% or better than 99.999% or better than 99.99% or better than 99.9% or better than 99%. In one configuration, the x ray transmitting material is between 0.5mm to 5mm thick or 0.5mm to 2cm thick. In one configuration, the x ray transmitting material is a rigid material which allow x ray transmission between 95% or 99% or 99% or better. In one configuration, Spectral domain scatter removal method and x ray apparatus is comprised of Beam blocker array with beam blocker or beam attenuation particles, which are comprised of x ray beam attenuation material which attenuates x ray beam of different energy levels or wavelengths such as between 0- 150kV or 0-500kV or more kV or MeV, better than 99%, or better than 99.9% or better 99.99% or better than 99.999% or approximately 100% In one configuration, the rigid material is comprised of at least partially a polymer or at least partially comprised of glass or metal material or graphene or fiber carbon In one configuration, the rigid material for x ray transmission is thermally stable In one configuration, the rigid material is high stiffness and / or low friction, and / or good dimensional stability In one configuration, the x ray transmitting material is Delrin and / or Delroy and / or acetal copolymer.In one configuration, the x ray transmitting material is aluminum In one configuration, Scatter to primary x-ray ratio is reduced or reduced to less than 0.1% or less than 1% or less than 5% or less than 10%. In one configuration, at least one parameter data such as density Measurement and / or derivation of Ratio of Substances for at least one segment of VOI can be derived from at least one x ray measurement by a x ray measurement system and / or non transitory computer for storage medium and / or a method, which may include one or more of the following elements: In one configuration, Physical parameter of a substance correlated to and / or derived from the attenuation value or intensity of primary x ray measurement or loss of intensity of primary x ray signal. In prior art, typically attenuation value of a CT image is converted to density data by using a phantom comprising of content of similar to the VOI of the imaged subject and a measurement of the phantom at at least one x ray wavelength. The method typically has high error rate, 3% to 7%, for bone, sometimes it is not possible, due to scatter and non linearity caused by asymmetrical geometry of the VOI of the imaged subject as large angle variation of projections in tomosynthesis, cone beam CT and traditional CT However in the present disclosure, the conversion of x ray measurement and / or attenuation value of VOI to the density value of at least one substance within VOI is relating to the thickness of the VOI and / or content of the VOI and the pixel or pixel region wherein the x ray beam passing through the portion of VOI containing the substance of interest is collected, wherein the measurement of the portion of VOI is at single and / or dual and / or multiple energy levels on the said pixel or pixel regions. Given one configuration of projection geometry which result in minimized area or region of movement, of the x ray beam path passing though selected VOI or the same voxel of a VOI, the non linearity effect due to varied thickness and content illuminated by each projection measurement can be dramatically reduced or minimized in a tomographic imaging and / or spectral imaging method. In one configuration, dual energy or multiple energy method and apparatus are used for scatter reduction or removal where in a calibration dataset is used, it is comprised of at least one or more of the following In one configuration, Scatter x ray is separated from primary x ray using a dual energy method correlating primary x ray measurement on the detector pixel or pixel region on front detector with ameasurement at at least one energy, to measurements of at least two energy levels at a pixel or a pixel region on the back detector in the same x ray beam path. In one configuration, such relationships are established for the entire image data on the front detector and to that of the back or rear detector In one configuration, such relationships are established for each pixel location or a pixel region on the front detector and to a corresponding pixel or pixel region on the back detector, wherein the pixel or the pixel region on the front detector is on the same beam path as the corresponding pixel or the pixel region on the back or rear detector In one configuration, such relationships are established for each pixel location or a pixel region on the front detector and to a corresponding pixel or pixel region on the back detector, wherein the pixel or the pixel region on the front detector is on the same beam path as the corresponding pixel or the pixel region on the back or rear detector, and the relationship is based on interpolation and / or extrapolation and / or linearized method of primary x ray signal and / or x ray input intensity value level along the beam path collected by said pixel or said pixel regions and / or attenuation value generated from any and / or derivative of any and the at least one parameter data value for at least one segment of the substance of the VOI and / or a calibration substance or reference object and / or target illuminated by the beam path In one configuration, x ray system and / or non transitory computer and / or a method for signal processing to generate x ray measurement and / or x ray measurement signal processed data and / or image processed data and / or combination of any, of a volume of interest in an imaged subject can be used for the medical and / or non medical applications and can be used for obtaining or the conversion and / or derivation of at least one parameter data value for at least one segment of one substance within the VOI in an imaged subject, using a conversion rule or allocation rule and / or further analysis and / or derivation of at least one fact or at least one other parameter data for the segment of the substance based on the said parameter data value of at least one segment of at least one substance In one configuration, a parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance is one of or any combination of the following: In one configuration, attenuation value or stopping power or density value or mass value or value of electrons or thickness value or electron or at least one dimension of or a parameter derived from any , or combination of any, and / or a parameter data value or image derived from any, of at least one segment of at least one substance in a VOI.In one configuration, said parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance can be derived from at least one measurement of VOI containing the substance on at least one pixel or two pixels or pixel region comprising three or more pixels on the detector. In one configuration, a parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance is primary x ray measurement or signal or loss of or change of primary x ray signal and / or Attenuation value or stopping power or density value or mass value or thickness value or electron or at least one dimension of or a parameter derived from one or combination of any, and / or value of image derived from any, of at least one segment of at least one substance in a VOI, can be derived from x ray measurement at at least one energy level on at least one pixel of a detector, or in the setting of using a dual detector assembly, on that of a front detector, is related to or derived from the value Attenuation value or density value or mass value or thickness value and / or electron or at least one dimension of or a parameter derived from one or combination of any, value of image derived from any, of at least one segment of at least one substance in a VOI, from at least one x ray measurement at at least one energy level or at least dual energy level on at least one pixel on the back detector corresponding to said pixel or pixel region on the front detector along the same x ray beam path. In one configuration, to establish a calibration dataset and / or conversion rule or quantitative algorithms in a database to relate measurement and / or attenuation data or stopping power on at least one pixel or at least one pixel region on the front detector or to that of the back detector, the database or calibration dataset is comprised of one or combination of the following: Optionally for the dual detector assembly configuration, x ray attenuation value based on x ray measurement at at least one pixel of the front detector at high energy level or low energy levels or at least one energy level and / or at least two energy levels x ray attenuation value or stopping power or loss of primary x ray signal or change of primary x ray signal based on x ray measurement at at least one pixel of the back detector at at least two energy levels or at least one energy level of a known calibration substance and / or known material comprising of known value of at least one parameter for at least one segment of a substance contained within. Wherein the pixel or pixel region on the front detector is on the same x ray projection path as the pixel or pixel region on the back detector respectively OrIn one configuration, Image data based on or derived from x ray measurement at at least one pixel of the front detector at at least one energy level or at least dual energy level In one configuration, Image data based on or derived from x ray measurement at at least one pixel of the back detector at high energy and low energy or at least two energy levels. Wherein the pixel on the front detector are on the same x ray projection path as the pixel on the back detector In one configuration, the measured data and / or derived x ray measurement properties such as change of primary x ray measurement and / or attenuation value and / or stopping power and corresponding at least one parameter data value for at least one said segment of one said substance is interpolated or linearly extended or extrapolated or linearized to generate additional data points and / or additional datasets for the value of x ray measurement related properties and / or the corresponding additional value for the said parameter data for the said substance. In one configuration, the interpolated data set include most or all possibilities of variables or values of parameter data for the substance and / or possible x ray measurement data value and possible value for its derivatives given the hardware and / or software constraints of the measurement device. In one configuration, the image data is signal processed from measured data or the result image or data from scatter reduction method or scatter removal method and / or has low scatter interference such as < 5% SPR or < 3% SPR or less than 1% SPR ( scatter to primary ratio) In one configuration, material decomposition method and / or system and / or non transitory computer for storage medium of software related to the method and the system and / or Artificial intelligence enabling method and techniques and related systems include one or more of the following: To derive Allocation rule or conversion rule for attenuation values or stopping power and / or loss of transmitted photons and / or x ray radiation at least one energy level or average energy level, or derivative of any aforementioned converting to the value of at least one parameter data of at least one segment of at least one substance in the VOI measured by an x-ray measurement system and / or other measurement modalities and , such as the value of Density or mass value or electron or derivative any in at least two dimension of or in a volume or spatially distributed volume or a unit volume or a thickness value of the said segment of the substance, is established by the allocation rule or conversion rule of attenuation values or stopping power or loss of transmitted photons and / or x ray radiation at least one energy level or average energy level or derivative of any to aparameter data of at least one segment of one substance of known materials, such as a reference object, or a target and / or phantom, or the material within VOI, wherein each material is comprised of at least one or two or more substances, or calibration substance, each has a segment with known value in terms of at least one parameter data value specific atomic number z or effective atomic number z, known value in terms of at least one parameter data value, such as thickness or at least one dimension data or mass density or mass or electron and / or at least one thickness level or at least one dimension data for at least one substance, or each has two or more portions of varied thickness levels or measurable or virtual or derived thickness levels along the x ray or photon or electromagnetic wave projection path and / or of varied density or varied mass or varied electron level or varied value for at least one parameter data or a derivative of any, or combination of thickness or density level and / or mass and / or electron levels or related parameter data values or derivative of any of at least one segment of at least two or more substances or at least two segments of at least one substance. In one configuration, the measurement of known material to generate attenuation value, stopping power and / or loss or change of number of photons or intensities measured or x ray radiation or the measurement of calibration substance is performed at the approximately the same total thickness level and / or at the approximately same thickness level for at least one segment of the calibration substance as with the measurement for VOI and / or as that of at least one segment of the substances of VOI respectively In one configuration, the thickness level refers to the level of thickness of the substance or substances illuminated or passed through by the x ray projection path and / or by the approximately the same x ray beam or by the approximately the same x ray beamlet or the x ray beamlet with relative spatial position within an x ray radiation generated by an x ray emitting position or generated by approximately the same x ray emitting position In one configuration, the calibration database or the calibration dataset is established at least partially from interpolation and / or extrapolation of the attenuations value and / or primary x ray data derived from measurement of the known materials, each with combination of substances or at least one substance, at varied thickness or varied density or varied mass or varied electron or a parameter derived from any, at single or dual energy or multiple energies on the front detector and / or the back detector and / or the single detector if only one detector is used and the corresponding value of at least one parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance, such asdensity or mass or electron or at least one dimension or thickness level of at least one segment of at least one substance within the known material In one configuration the calibration dataset and / or a quantitative relationship established of the front detector and rear detector is approximately unique for each pixel or for a pixel region on the front detector and the corresponding pixel or pixel region on the rear detector which are on the same projection path of the x ray radiation beam and / or approximately unique for the specific x ray beam out of the x ray cone beam. IN one configuration the image data generated on the front detector and rear detector is through the use of an aperture or thin beam x ray wherein the image data generated is of low scatter interference, for example < 1% or less than 5% SPR In one configuration, the said aperture is created of a block containing x ray attenuating material such as stainless steel or metal and / or a transmission hole or aperture wherein most scatter x rays are blocked or at least one transmission hole or aperture from a collimator with distributed transmission window or apertures. In one configuration, such an aperture is less than 1cm in diameter and / or < 5mm or <3mm or < 1mm in diameter In one configuration beam blocker arrays are used and / or interpolation is used to generate primary x ray signal and / or to remove scatter x ray on both the front detector and the rear detector. In one configuration, the calibration substance may be a part of a reference object or a target or a phantom. In one configuration, the reference object or the target and / or the phantom is comprising of at least one known material or at least one calibration substance or material with at least one parameter data value known, such as known density and / or dimensions and / or combination of substances with known density and dimensions along the x ray projection path can be measured independently of the imaging procedure for the VOI of the imaged subject, premeasurement or post measurement. In one configuration, the reference object or the target and / or the phantom is comprised of at least one material or one substance or one calibration substance with known value for at least one parameter data, such as known material with at least one substance of known density and / or dimension along the x ray projection path or combination of a plurality of materials or substances orcalibration substances, each with at least one parameter data value known, such as known density and / or dimension along the x ray projection path In one configuration, the material and / or said substance or calibration substance , has approximately the same thickness and / or dimension and / or effective atomic z and / or having approximately the same x ray measurement property at a single or dual energy level and / or triple energy level or more energy levels as that of at least one segment of at least one substance within VOI and / or have approximately the same total thickness and / or approximately the same combination of calibration substances and / or substances as each or combination substances within the portion of VOI Each is illuminated by approximately the same x ray beam, in terms of spatially location within the x ray radiation from exposure generated by a x ray emitting position and / or extracted data for each segment of substances or calibration substance and its corresponding substance in the portion of VOI are correlated and / or generated from measurement of the x ray beam passing through the portion of VOI and the calibration substance In one configuration , correlation is through a calibration dataset generated by the known substance measurement on the front detector and / or measurement on rear detector for value of the at least one parameter data for at least one substance from calibration substance In one configuration , correlation is through a calibration dataset generated by the known substance measurement on the front detector and / or measurement on rear detector for value of the at least one parameter data for at least one substance from calibration substance and interpolated dataset and / or extrapolate dataset and / or linearized dataset generated from measured data and the known value of the parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance for a set of pixel or a set of pixel regions on the front and rear detector. In the configuration, the calibration data set contains the extracted data from 3D reconstruction of the measurement on the front and / or rear detector for at least one segment of the substance from the calibration substance. in one configuration the relationship between primary x ray signal of the same portion of VOI and / or at least one segment of the substance within VOI derived from measurement on the front detector to the measurement and / or primary x ray signal of the same portion of the VOI and / or same segment on the rear detector is linear or quantitatively related and / or can be derived through a quantitative algorithms and / or the quantitative algorithm and / or linear relationship can be derived premeasurement and / or post measurement of the unknown VOI through measurement of the calibration substance.In one configuration, the allocation rule and / or conversion rule is used for material decomposition In one configuration, the allocation rule and / or conversion rule is used for derivation of primary x ray signal on the front detector based on the data derived from the rear detector and / or measurement on the rear detector in the corresponding pixel or pixel region, of the approximately the same measured substance or substances, illuminated by approximately the same x ray projection or approximately the same x ray beam within a x ray radiation generated by an x ray emitting position. In one configuration, the relationship or allocation rule is unique to the relative x ray emitting position to the pixel and pixel region of the detector and / or unique to the portion of VOI and / or calibration substance and / or unique to the x ray beamlet with the x ray radiation generated by the x ray emitting position and / or unique to the said x ray emitting position In one configuration, Accuracy of conversion of attenuation value to that of a parameter data value such as density or mass can be improved or nonlinearity of x ray measurement relating to density value of the substance within VOI is minimized when the calibration configuration in which the thickness and content of VOI are what determine or play a deterministic role in both the conversion rule or allocation rule for attenuation value at dual energy or single energy to that of at least one parameter data for physical property, such as density or mass or number of electron within a volume for at least one substance within the VOI and for the calibration dataset established from data derived from the same measurement or the measurement of at least one substance of the known material with know density or the phantom comprising the known material with known density or corresponding to a pixel or pixel region collecting the x ray measurement In one configuration, the known material and / or the phantom comprising of at least one known material with known density and / or dimensions and / or combination of substances with known density and dimensions along the x ray projection path can be measured during the imaging procedure for the VOI of the imaged subject, premeasurement or post measurement. In one configuration, the thickness of the known material or the phantom comprising at least one known substance and / or combination of substances, are approximately 1 voxel in dimension or with known dimension along the x ray beam path. In one configuration, the total thickness of the phantom and / or each the known material is less than or 100nm or 1um or 10um or 1mm or 5mm or 1cm or less than 2cm or less than 5cmIn one configuration, the calibration dataset involving primary x ray signal and / or interpolated attenuation value and / or primary x ray signal of the front detector and / or corresponding pixel positions or pixel regions on the rear or back detector at single or dual or multiple energy levels are used to determine primary x ray measurement and / or attenuation value or stopping power or change in primary x ray signal or change in photon number and / or x-ray radiation intensity derived from primary x ray measurement of the front detector from that rear detector or the back detector In one configuration, the calibration dataset is used to convert attenuation value of the VOI at single, dual and / or multiple energy level to the value of at least one parameter data value for at least one substance In one configuration, the calibration dataset is used to convert attenuation value and / or the primary x ray signal of the VOI at single, dual and / or multiple energy level on rear detector to the value of at least one parameter data value for at least one substance in the x ray beam path In one configuration, Establishing a calibration dataset comprising the primary x ray signal or attenuation value and / or stopping power of the VOI at single, dual and / or multiple energy level on at least one pixel or pixel region of the front detector relating to that of VOI at correspond pixel or pixel region of rear detector through measurement and / or signal processing of the front detector measurement and / or of the rear detector measurement of a known material with known density and / or thickness for at least one substance In one configuration, Relating measurement of at least one pixel or pixels of the front detector to that of the rear detector through a calibration dataset In one configuration, the same calibration dataset is used for determining the value for at least one parameter data for at least one substance based on primary x ray signal and / or attenuation value of VOI at single or dual or multiple x ray energy levels or wavelengths on at least one pixel or at least one pixel region of the front detector or a single detector In one configuration, the calibration dataset is also established to determine at least one parameter data for at least one substance within VOI In one configuration, appropriate filter is used for at least one single energy or each of dual or multiple energy levels.985 In one configuration one phantom is comprising a number of known materials distributed spatially 986 different relative to x ray beam path, each material comprised of at least one substance with at least 987 one or more thickness or at least one or more density levels and / or a combination of thickness or 988 density levels of at least two or more substances. 989 At least one substance of the known material is approximately similar or the same to that of VOI in 990 the imaged subject. 991 The primary x ray intensity value at one energy level on one pixel or pixel region of the front 992 detector is derived based on the subtraction of the attenuation value at least at least one energy level 993 of VOI along the x ray projection path on at a corresponding pixel correlating to that in the back 994 detector 995 Derive low resolution scatter image on the front detector by subtracting primary image derived for 996 the front detector at pixel positions correlating to selected pixel positions on the back detector 997 In one configuration, Interpolation of low resolution scatter x ray to generate high resolution scatter 998 on the front detector. 999 Derive high resolution primary x ray image by subtracting high resolution scatter from the measured 1000 image on the front detector 1001 1002 In x ray imaging system, where accurate x ray measurement in material separation and / or 1003 tomographic imaging and / or 2D imaging is needed such as for medical applications, research 1004 applications and / or industrial and security and field applications, the present disclosure provides 1005 hardware and / or software configuration to accomplish precision accuracy in 3D imaging of a 1006 Volume of Interest ( VOI), and / or measurements or derivation of values for at least one parameter 1007 data for at least a physical property, chemical property or electrical property electromagnetic 1008 property or energy treated property and / or spatial and / or temporal and / or frequency or 1009 connectivity and / or function characteristics and / or a parameter derived from any or combination 1010 of any 1011 such as density or mass or electron or at least one dimension of or a parameter derived from one or 1012 combination of any, or dimensions or fluidic dynamics and / or local, regional, functional and / or 1013 global effect internal to an subject, or value for a least one parameter data for at least a physical 1014 property, chemical property, electrical property or electromagnetic property or energy treated 1015 property and / or spatial and / or temporal and / or connectivity and / or function characteristics 1016 and / or a parameter data derived from any or combination of any 10171018 In one configuration, a parameter data and its value for at least one segment of at least one 1019 substances may include one or more of the following elements: 1020 1021 In one configuration, an x ray imaging system, where accurate x ray measurement in material 1022 separation and / or tomographic imaging and / or 2D imaging is needed such as for medical 1023 applications, research applications and / or industrial and security and field applications, an x ray 1024 measurement hardware and / or software configuration and / or non transitory computer to 1025 accomplish precision accuracy in 3D imaging or derivation and / or use of 3d to 7D data of a VOI, 1026 of a parameter data for at least one segment of a substance, such as at least a physical property, 1027 chemical property or electrical property electromagnetic property or energy treated property and / or 1028 spatial and / or temporal and / or frequency or connectivity and / or function characteristics and / 1029 or a parameter derived from any or combination of any for at least one substance, or a parameter 1030 data relating to or is a ratio of substances or a portion of one substance to another portion of the 1031 substance based on the value relating to a parameter data for at least a physical property, chemical 1032 property or electrical property electromagnetic property or energy treated property and / or value of 1033 the parameter data in the space and / or time and / or frequency domain or connectivity and / or 1034 function characteristics and / or a parameter derived from any or combination of any for at least 1035 one segment of at least one substance or for at least one segment of at least two substances 1036 In one configuration, the said parameter data for at least one substance is density or mass or electron 1037 or at least one dimension of or a parameter derived from one or combination of any, or dimensions 1038 or fluidic dynamics and / or local, regional, functional and / or global effect internal to a subject, or 1039 a parameter data for at least a physical property, chemical property, electrical property or 1040 electromagnetic property or energy treated property and / or spatial and / or temporal and / or in 1041 frequency domain and / or combination of any and / or connectivity and / or function 1042 characteristics and / or a parameter derived from any or combination of any or a parameter data for 1043 change or change rate or response to therapeutic agent or chemical or internal molecule or molecule 1044 from external sources or intervention or surgery and / or energy stimulation and / or intervention or 1045 response rate in time, and / or frequency and / or in space in at least a physical property, chemical 1046 property, electrical property or electromagnetic property or energy treated property and / or spatial 1047 and / or temporal and / or connectivity and / or function characteristics and / or a parameter 1048 derived from any or combination of any for at least one segment of at least one substance 1049 In one configuration, the said parameter data for at least one substance is density or mass or electron 1050 or at least one dimension of or a parameter derived from one or combination of any, or dimensions1051 or fluidic dynamics and / or local, regional, functional and / or global effect internal to a subject, or 1052 a parameter data for at least a physical property, chemical property, electrical property or 1053 electromagnetic property or energy treated property and / or spatial and / or temporal and / or 1054 connectivity and / or function characteristics and / or a parameter derived from any or combination 1055 of any or a parameter data for change or change rate or response to therapeutic agent or chemical or 1056 internal molecule or molecule from external sources or intervention or surgery and / or energy 1057 stimulation and / or intervention or response rate in time, and / or frequency and / or in space in at 1058 least a physical property, chemical property, electrical property or electromagnetic property or 1059 energy treated property and / or spatial and / or temporal and / or connectivity and / or function 1060 characteristics and / or a parameter derived from any or combination of any for at least one 1061 substance. 1062 1063 In one configuration, Scatter Removal or reduction using beam blocker array with a single detector 1064 and / or dual detector. 1065 In one configuration, the x ray imaging system, and / or the non transitory computer, and / or the 1066 methods involved in a scatter removal system and method comprise at least one or more or 1067 combination of any of the following 1068 In one configuration, a Beam blocker array plate or can be called “beam absorption particle array” 1069 or can be called “beam stopper array” used with one detector. 1070 The beam blocker array is movable. 1071 In one configuration, beam blocker array may be comprised of distributed beam blockers on a plate, 1072 made of x ray transmitting polymer material, each beam blocker may be comprised of tungsten or 1073 other material or mixture of material such as alloy, which can attenuate x ray better than 99.999% or 1074 better than 99.99% or better than 99.9% or better than 99%. 1075 Scatter x ray is separated from primary x ray using at least one energy method 1076 In some cases, such relationships is established for the entire image data on the front detector and to 1077 that of the back detector through a calibration configuration and method and a calibration dataset 1078 In one configuration, A beam blocker array can be placed in front of the front detector 1079 In one configuration, A beam blocker array can be placed in front of the rear detector 1080 In one configuration, a technique or method or non transitory computer for storage medium and / or 1081 a x ray measurement system for scatter reduction is comprised of at least one or more of the 1082 following steps 10831084 Derive low resolution scatter image on the detector by deriving measurement in approximately the 1085 shadow or center of the shadow or the pixel or pixels in the shadow which has approximately the 1086 lowest value on the pixels of the shadow of each beam blocker in the beam blocker array in at least 1087 one pixel of the detector or deriving a value of averaged pixel value on two or more pixels of the 1088 detector 1089 Interpolate low resolution scatter x ray image comprised of measured data or averaged measured 1090 data from a region of two or more pixels, or a region with up to 10 pixels, generated from each 1091 beam blocker shadow to generate high resolution scatter on the detector 1092 1093 Derive high resolution primary x ray image by subtracting high resolution scatter from the measured 1094 image on the rear detector 1095 Derive low resolution primary x ray image on the front detector by using calibration dataset or a 1096 linear factor or a quantitative factor derived from measurements of calibration substances relating 1097 data of primary x ray image from pixels on the rear detector to that of front detector, wherein the 1098 pixels on the front detector is approximately on the same x ray beam path as those on the rear 1099 detector 1100 Derive low resolution scatter image by subtracting low resolution primary image at said pixel 1101 locations of front detector from measured front image at the said pixel locations on the front 1102 detector to generate low resolution scatter image. 1103 Interpolate low resolution scatter image for the front detector to generate high resolution primary x- 1104 ray image 1105 Derive high resolution primary x ray image by subtracting high resolution scatter from the measured 1106 image on the front detector 1107 1108 In one configuration, x ray measurement system and / or non transitory computer and a method for 1109 x ray imaging or measurement and / or signal processing and / or tomographic imaging include one 1110 or more of the following: 1111 In one configuration, the alignment of front detector to the back detector may be known from 1112 manufacturing or production specification or target specification and / or with known spatial 1113 configuration 1114 In one configuration, a calibration dataset for alignment of emitting position and / or center ray and 1115 / or a reference ray or a x ray beam with known geometry or spatial relationship to a center ray or1116 reference ray of x ray source to at least one portion of detector and / or to front detector and / or to 1117 a portion of rear detector 1118 In one configuration, using a 3D phantom with distributed beam blocker array or distributed beam 1119 attenuation material or the beam blocker array placed on the front of the front detector to generate 1120 and determine data relating spatial relationships of x ray beam and / or x ray emitting position and / 1121 or a pixel or pixel region of the detector. 1122 the center of the shadow of at least one or multiple beam blocker particle lands both on a pixel or 1123 pixel regions of the front detector and / or on a pixel or pixel region of the rear detector. 1124 In one configuration, the calibration substance is configurated to be used in the alignment of the x 1125 ray source and / or to at least one pixel of the detector. 1126 In one configuration, at least one calibration substance is comprised of substance relating to or 1127 approximate the same and / or by product and / or substance made of same elements and / or same 1128 number of elements and / or combination of any, and / or may be in the spatial configuration or 1129 shape of a sphere, and in the diameter of 0.5mm to 3mm or up to 5mm or 1cm. 1130 In one configuration, the calibration substance is also used for material decomposition and / or 1131 derivation of primary x ray signal on pixels of front detector from that of corresponding pixel or 1132 pixel regions of the rear detector. 1133 In one configuration, at at least one and / or each x ray source position, relative to VOI and / or 1134 relative to the detector, the center of the shadow of each beam blocker or beam attenuating material 1135 of the 3D phantom and / or of the beam blocker particle on the front of the front detector is 1136 measured by the front detector on a pixel or pixel region and / or corresponding pixel or pixel 1137 region on the rear detector, the spatial location of the pixel on the front detector relative to that of 1138 the pixel or pixel region on the rear detector is recorded and stored in a calibration dataset. 1139 There are plurality of shadow regions of a beam attenuating particle or material in the 3D phantom 1140 and / or beam blocker particle on the beam blocker array, therefore, pixel or pixel regions on the 1141 front detector and correspondingly those on the rear detector corresponding , each set of pixel or 1142 pixel regions of the front detector and its corresponding position on the rear detector, is spatially 1143 related at a corresponding geometry with a spatial position of x ray source or x ray emitting position 1144 relative to the x ray detector 1145 Each of the plurality of pixels or pixel regions distributed on the front detector has a corresponding 1146 location of pixel or pixel region on the rear detector at each relative x ray emitting position to the 1147 detector position 11481149 In one configuration, As x ray source or x ray emitting position moves or phantom moves and / or 1150 beam blocker array moves, and / or detector moves, the corresponding positions of the front 1151 detector and rear detector also created and / or can be recorded and stored in a calibration dataset or 1152 database. 1153 1154 Alternatively a beam selector and / or a collimator may be used on the front detector and / or front 1155 of the rear detector to generate thin primary x ray beam for one or more of the following 1156 Each collimator or beam selector has a plurality of x ray beam transmission regions or windows to 1157 allow x ray beam to pass through without attenuation, and regions of x ray attenuation to block x ray 1158 transmission, In some cases, approximately 100% or at least 99%. 1159 Each transmission region of collimator may produce primary x ray signal on the front detector and / 1160 or primary x ray signal on the rear detector. 1161 1162 In one configuration, an x ray system and / or non transitory computer for storage medium and / or 1163 a method for calibration dataset establishment and / or spatial domain scatter removal method and / 1164 or parameter data value determination for at least one substance in VOI or in a Phantom measured 1165 using dual detectors, is comprised of one or more of the following: 1166 Generating a dataset on the front detector and / or rear detector for determining or correlating 1167 primary x ray signal and / or attenuation value and / or mass value of the VOI for at least one 1168 substance derived from the primary x ray signal on the front detector based on the measurement of 1169 primary x ray signal and / or attenuation value and / or parameter value of VOI for at least one 1170 substance on the rear detector 1171 Interpolation or extrapolation to derive a calibration dataset to derive the primary x ray signal or 1172 attenuation value of VOI on the front detector for every pixel from its corresponding pixel or pixel 1173 region on the rear detector. 1174 1175 Beam particle and / or beam attenuation or beam selector for material composition and for scatter 1176 removal using dual detector assembly and / or using a single detector: 1177 In one configuration, the beam blocker or beam attenuation particle material is comprised of metal, 1178 such as tungsten or gadolinium and / or lead or a mixture of at least two metal materials 1179 1180 In one configuration, applications for which the x ray measurement system and / or non transitory 1181 computer for storage medium or related method are used in their work flow are:1182 In medical field, the applications is diagnosis and / or risk assessment, prognosis, intervention 1183 guidance or biopsy guidance or identification and / or monitoring 1184 In non medical field, the application can be inspection and / or identification and / or qualification 1185 metrology, non destructive testing and / or environmental element assessment and / or material 1186 assessment and / or plant or animal or portion of measurement and assessment, in industries such 1187 as farming, agriculture and / or food production and / or machine production and / or inspection of 1188 machined part and / or in research 1189 In non medical application, complexity of inspection machines for limited number of trained 1190 operators is a hurdle to throughput, automation of the inspection system for each stage of 1191 production from material or plant or animal or organism in the field, or harvesting and / or 1192 processing of raw material to a finished product for high accuracy measurement, and / or 1193 inspection, and / or sorting and recording and production process control for each item or sampled 1194 items can reduce cost and improve efficiency significantly 1195 1196 In one configuration, x ray measurement system and / or non transitory computer and / or a method 1197 is comprised of Using at least one x ray projection angle from x ray source relative to a VOI to 1198 generate a 3D image of VOI and / or 1199 In one configuration, the tomography system is based on an imaging method where the x ray 1200 emitting positions are apart by a distance approximately quantitatively related to at least one 1201 resolution of 3D image for at least one segment of at least one substance in at least one dimension, 1202 or approximately equivalent to the resolution along the thickness or z axis, or center axis of x ray 1203 source and the detector, or the axis perpendicular to the detector approximately, in some cases, the 1204 resolution is variable or quantitatively related to at least one resolution for at least one dimension of 1205 at least one voxel of the VOI. 1206 In one configuration, the said 3D image or 3D data map or 3D data is generated where 1207 measurement is acquired as the movement of the x ray emitting position and / or the movement of 1208 the portion of VOI or the movement of the segment of at least one substance within the VOI and / or 1209 the movement of the detector is such that at least one other or a plurality of projection paths along 1210 the segment of substance or the portion of VOI is generated and / or the different projection paths 1211 is different by at least a portion of at least one voxel or a unit of volume or subunit of voxel within 1212 the portion of VOI and / or within the said segment of the substance and / or within the VOI. 1213 In one configuration, the said 3D image is used in medical or non medical applications or generate 1214 time resolved 3D image of VOI to track at least one segment of at least one substance of the VOI or1215 The said 3D image and / or data derived from any is used for improving any part of work flow in a 1216 medical setting and / or non-medical setting by providing desired resolution and / or accuracy and / 1217 or standardization using one system or one type of systems or one method or one type of method 1218 and / or one algorithms or one type of algorithms and / or images or data derived from SPR <1% or 1219 approximately the same amount of scatter or and / or reduced scatter and / or at least one system 1220 for at least two steps within an application workflow, wherein the sample and / or patient does not 1221 have to moved from machine to machine or from one type of machine to another machine or one x 1222 ray imaging modality to another x ray imaging modality for imaging and / or measurement and / or 1223 enabling high through put measurement where two or more samples or imaged subject can be 1224 measured in much shorter imaging procedure time and / or shorter interval between imaging 1225 procedures and / or shorter time to access the x ray measurement system with certain functionality 1226 due to proximity in location and / or ease of use and / or ease of access. 1227 1228 In one configuration, in tomographic imaging, the resolution along Xa or Xb or the plane parallel 1229 to x or Y axis of the plane of the detector is approximately the same or greater or smaller than Xc, 1230 the axis along the x ray projection line or the center axis connecting x ray emitting position to at 1231 least one pixel of the detector, 1232 In one configuration, the first axis is in the direction of Xc, and the second or a third axis is Xa and / 1233 or Xb 1234 In one configuration, the first axis is Xa, or Xb, the third axis is Xc. 1235 In one configuration, the resolution in Xa and / or Xb derived from a tomographic reconstruction to 1236 have resolution approximately similar to Xc or much larger than Xc 1237 In one configuration, the resolution in Xa and / or Xb derived from a tomographic reconstruction to 1238 have resolution approximately similar to Xc or much larger than Xc and / or larger than at least one 1239 pixel pitch of one pixel on the detector and / or multiples of pixel pitch of the detector. 1240 1241 In one configuration, the resolution in Xc derived from a tomographic reconstruction to have 1242 resolution approximately similar to Xa or Xb or larger than Xb or Xa 1243 1244 In one configuration, Xa or Xb is approximately the same as Xc 1245 In one configuration, the distance or dimension of movement between adjacent at least two varied 1246 relative spatial positions of x ray emitting position to at least one voxel of VOI is approximately 1247 larger than the pixel pitch of the detector.1248 In one configuration, the distance or dimension of movement between adjacent at least two varied 1249 relative spatial positions of x ray emitting position to at least one voxel of VOI is approximately 1250 larger than the pixel pitch of the detector. 1251 In one configuration, the distance or dimension of movement between adjacent at least two varied 1252 relative spatial positions of x ray emitting position to at least one voxel of VOI or the movement of 1253 segment of substance within VOI is approximately larger than or at least equivalent to the focal size 1254 of the x ray emitting position 1255 In one configuration, the total variation of the distance or area traveled or volume traveled between 1256 varied spatial positions of x ray emitting position relative to the VOI for at least one tomographic 1257 imaging acquisition of a VOI with a thickness along the projection path of x ray emitting positions is 1258 approximately related or approximately equivalent to at least the said thickness of the VOI or the 1259 thickness of at least one segment of at least one substance along the x ray beam path within VOI. 1260 In one configuration the attenuation value and / or the stopping power and related parameter data 1261 for at least one segment of at least one substance or at least one portion of VOI is derived from at 1262 least one x ray input intensity and / or a white image and / or the primary x ray measurement or 1263 signal derived from a measurement of low scatter measurement of the said segment and / or of the 1264 said portion and / or scatter reduced signal or data 1265 In one configuration, the white image and / or the x ray input intensity is derived from the x ray 1266 measurement generated from approximately the same x ray emitting position relative to at least one 1267 portion of the detector and / or scatter removed or scatter reduced x ray data or signal from the said 1268 x ray emitting position relative to the at least one portion of the detector, and without the VOI and / 1269 or at the approximately same measurement setting. 1270 In one configuration said white image and / or said x ray input intensity is measured every day or 1271 for each imaging procedure and / or periodically throughout the use of the x ray measurement 1272 system and / or every day or every week and / or every month or every year. 1273 In one configuration, relative x ray emitting position to the portion of the x ray detector and / or 1274 VOI is determined for almost each unique relative position to be used for reconstruction and / or 1275 spectral imaging signal processing. 1276 In one configuration, an x ray measurement device with at least one energy or at least one 1277 wavelength x ray source and / or at least one detector, and / or related non transitory computer for 1278 storage medium and / or method in medical or non medical application such as inspection and 1279 security application, is comprised of one or any of the following1280 Measurement in at least one pixel of x ray detector of at least one voxel of the VOI using at least one 1281 energy x ray or one wavelength of x ray radiation 1282 Image processing 1283 Image analysis 1284 Data generation 1285 Calibration dataset is established and used 1286 database is established to store the calibration dataset and / or for storing analysis, and / or analysis 1287 result and / or measured data of one or more imaged subject or data derived from x ray 1288 measurement data and / or imported data and / or prior knowledge of one or more imaged subject, 1289 Analysis such as identification, quantification and / or differentiation, marking, characterization 1290 based on the data derived from x ray measurement and prior data and 1291 Store of the data in the database for additional knowledge or information for new data comparison 1292 and / or analysis of new imaged subject and / or past imaged subject from a prior imaging 1293 procedure and / or for fast reconstruction of the VOI using prior knowledge or prior data based on x 1294 ray measurement taken place before or after the imaging procedure. 1295 At least one substance of the imaged subject is analyzed , or test against data in the database, or 1296 compared to and / or differentiated and / or process controlled based on the data from x ray 1297 measurement of the substance and / or data derived from any for at least one parameter data such as 1298 density, mass or electron or at least one dimension of or a parameter derived from one or 1299 combination of any, or ratio or change or change rate or response or response rate of each substance 1300 and relative to other substances and background 1301 the measurement and / or image processed data or signal processed data of VOI is in point, 1D or 1302 2D or up to 7D space or of at least one voxel or at least one volumetric unit and / or spatially 1303 distributed region of volume of at least one substance in an imaged subject. 1304 1305 In one configuration, in risk assessment, for example, from the morphology and / or from a 1306 parameter data such as mass density and / or ratio of substances, or chemical composition, risk for a 1307 condition or disease can be evaluated. 1308 For example: an indicator or quantitative indicator for the risk of having a condition or having a 1309 disease or not can be evaluated compared to the data stored in a database for evaluating risk. For 1310 example, if there is a database established or trained dataset or statistical dataset or published data 1311 or prior knowledge base stored in the database for high risk , intermediate risk and / or low risk 1312 condition for the tissue of interest.1313 For example, a tumor is more rigid than a cystic mass, therefore measurement of rigidity can be 1314 accomplished by using high frequency ultrasound to perturb the tissue of interest and / or using x 1315 ray measurement to monitor the movement and movement characteristics of the tissue or at least one 1316 segment of at least one substance within volume of interest. 1317 The more rigid or more stiff substance or segment moves more than less rigid and / or less stiff 1318 substance and / or therefore provides an indicator or quantitative indicator for the risk being tumor 1319 or not, compared to the data stored in a database for evaluating risk. For example, if there is a 1320 database established or trained dataset or statistical dataset or published data or prior knowledge 1321 base stored in the database for tumor and non tumor tissues 1322 In one configuration, for example in cardiovascular illnesses, a low density and / or high protein 1323 and / or high lipid content plaque with no calcium is an indicator of high risk for cardiovascular 1324 illness (CVD) or atherosclerosis Or calcified plaque with lipid and protein or high lipid content in 1325 the plaque without calcium is indication of immediate risk for CVD and high calcium content in the 1326 plaque is of low risk CVD. Being able to provide quantifiable ratio of calcium, lipid and protein 1327 allows for automated risk assessment for CVD 1328 In one configuration, coronary plaques that are likely to cause future cardiac events, regardless of 1329 angiographic severity, are characterized by large plaque burden and / or small lumen area and / or are 1330 thin-cap fibroatheromas therefore identification of fibrin or fibrinogen and / or narrowed blood vessel 1331 compared to adjacent segment and / or high plaque volume / total VOI with the heart tissue, can be derived 1332 and / or measured from x ray measurement and / or use of material decomposition method to identify 1333 plaque and / or lumen area and / or thin cap fibroatheromas using ratio of substances such as calcium to lipid 1334 to protein and / or identification and quantification of protein and density to identify fibrin and quantify 1335 fibrin and related volume and / or quantification of plaque volume for each plaque and / or plaque burden 1336 using ratio of substances and / or spatial locations and / or measurement or segmentation of volume to 1337 segment plaque based on density and / or ratio of substances within the plaque which are different from the 1338 surrounding tissue in chemical composition and / or morphology and its spatial location within the blood 1339 vessel 1340 1341 In one configuration, the medical application for diagnosis and / or risk assessment, the presence of 1342 at least one biomarker and / or volume of at least one biomarker relative to the volume of interest or 1343 a portion of volume of interest is indicative of risk and / or is a clinical definition of disease relative 1344 to a certain threshold defined in a disease clinical definition.1345 For example, in cardiovascular illnesses evaluation, the plaque volume over the heart region of 1346 interest is defined as plaque burden, can be used as a biomarker for cardiovascular illness risk 1347 assessment and / or prognosis and diagnosis if it is above a certain threshold. 1348 Similarly vasculature density and / or lymphatic systems density and / or tumor density within a 1349 portion of volume of interest when it is above a certain threshold defined by the medical field can be 1350 a risk factor and / or prognosis indicator or diagnosis criteria for cancer and / or lymphatic 1351 malformation disease 1352 In one configuration, the data relating to plaque and / or calcium deposit and / or vasculature 1353 density and lymphatic system density and tumor density can be derived from at least one 1354 measurement and / or can be derived from dual energy measurement or multiple energy 1355 measurement and / or spectral imaging and / or material decomposition and / or tomographic 1356 imaging and / or any of the imaging method and / or system and / or non transitory computer. 1357 In one configuration, the disease such as CVD can be tracked to monitor risk development and / or 1358 efficacy of drug treatment and / or post intervention procedure monitoring and pre intervention 1359 assessment a using the same parameters and / or measured property of the diseased region or 1360 plaques 1361 1362 In one configuration, In research applications and industrial applications, substance, material or 1363 plant or animal or organism analysis and / or fast tracking is essential for interrogating events which 1364 takes place in short time interval such as um or ns or ps or fs or less range, limitation of number of 1365 images acquired and / or moving and / or generating time resolved images are critical 1366 In one configuration, In situation where tomographic imaging is needed where movement of the 1367 imaged subject and / or hardware is limited by hardware and / or available hardware at the 1368 measurement setting, the present invention provides at least one solution for hardware and / or 1369 software and process. 1370 For example, additive manufacturing has enabled the fabrication of multilateral structures with 1371 complex 3D architectures. 1372 In one configuration, 1373 In structural and / or hemodynamic properties and chemical composition assessment of implant or 1374 dynamic properties of implant and / or medical instrument, x ray measurement and data processing 1375 of the present disclosure provides accurate and / or fast data used for quality control, and production 1376 process control and / or in vivo monitoring of the implant peri procedure and / or post intervention.1377 An implant can be Artificial heart valve may be comprised of for example metal, or polymer and / or 1378 tissue or artificial tissue. 1379 An implant can be dental implant 1380 An implant can be a neural or spinal or orthopedic implant. 1381 An implant can be any of artificial or bioprosthetic 1382 In one configuration, The x ray imaging system, non-transitory computer and / or a method for 1383 inspection , is comprising of 1384 characterize and identify defects and / or contaminants from structure and / or chemical 1385 composition in inspection 1386 and / or dynamic property and tracking based on inspection in 3D or up to 7D. 1387 1388 In one configuration, Parallel processing in work flow with at least one x ray measurement system 1389 and / or non transitory computer and / or a method may be one or more of the following: 1390 In one configuration, In healthcare delivery and / or manufacturing or production and field 1391 applications, where speed is important in measurement and analysis, given massive amount of data 1392 and method availability, the importance of prioritization of the source of data to be analyzed, based 1393 on for example, the availability at the time, the relative accuracy of the data compared to the rest, 1394 and / or the importance of the data based on the need of the application, the use and / or fine tuning 1395 of data analytic method for selectivity, accuracy and precision and timing of the data used based on 1396 the requirement of the application is critical for fast result in a healthcare delivery setting where 1397 resources or time are limited for instrumentation and personnel, and throughput is critical from the 1398 healthcare organization perspective. 1399 In general steps in work flow are typically sequential or minimally parallel processed. The present 1400 disclosure provides improved x ray system, and / or related non transitory computer and or at least 1401 one method for accelerate healthcare delivery, is comprised of one or more of the following 1402 In one configuration, x ray measurement system, and / or non -transitory computer and / or a 1403 method for parallel processing and / or process control of one or more or a number of procedures or 1404 methods for starting, during and post procedural steps 1405 is critical for patient wellness and outcome and / or is used for speeding up work flow or procedure 1406 In One configuration, the procedure of present disclosure is one or combination of the following: 1407 data comparison based on the searching and search results in prior knowledge in the database and / 1408 or 1409 data analysis and / or1410 results of data analysis and / or 1411 x ray measurement of at least one voxel of VOI 1412 selection of field of view and / or 1413 selection of voxel or VOI to be analyzed 1414 data acquisition and / or derivation and / or 1415 data processing, 1416 display of selected data for a user 1417 messaging a digital program or a user or an external server or user for the next step in work flow and 1418 / or preparation of the next step in the work flow 1419 adjustment and / or make decision on the type of treatment and / or therapeutics used and / or 1420 make decision on the type of the intervention or procedure in the next step of workflow based on 1421 the data made available during x ray imaging procedure and / or analyzed result from at least one x 1422 ray measurement and / or based on at least one fact drawn from at least one x ray measurement and 1423 / or data derived from, at any time or selected time during the procedure 1424 AI, or Machine Learning, or Neural Network Algorithms and / or combination of any, is used or 1425 selectively used for at least one step or procedure and / or for improvement of at least one step and 1426 procedure 1427 messaging a digital program or a user or an external server or user for information update 1428 alert or messaging automated decision made on intervention and next step in work flow to the 1429 appropriate server and / or personnel and / or facility to prepare or proceed to the next step of the 1430 work flow 1431 alert or messaging for transportation or required personnel including medical staff and transportation 1432 staff for transporting the imaged subject to a different location and / or to be placed in a vehicle to 1433 transfer to a different facility or different building or different room for intervention and treatment 1434 and / or for post procedure care 1435 interruption and / or pausing and / or stopping of at least one or more steps or procedure. 1436 start and / or restart at least one or more steps of at least one method and / or procedure 1437 requesting user intervention or digital program intervention during and / or for at least one or more 1438 procedure 1439 VOI of image subject movement and / or placement 1440 Control and / or movement control and / or placement and placement control of Imaged subject 1441 and / or placement and / or transportation and / or control of the transportation and / or related 1442 planning of the imaged subject between procedures or between spatial locations1443 1444 In one configuration, combine data analytics, prior knowledge or data, with x ray measurement for 1445 at least one step in the work flow of healthcare and / or disease prevention, and / or risk factor 1446 assessment and / or healthcare planning, or diagnostics, or intervention planning and / or related 1447 data, biopsy guidance and / or at least one substance of biopsy generated data and / or related data, 1448 intervention procedure guidance and / or related data, and store as part of knowledge each 1449 measurement and / or information relating to measurement of the imaged subject improves 1450 healthcare and / or procedure decision making and the management of patient and imaged subject, 1451 and increase work flow efficiency using data derived from the x ray measurement and data analytic 1452 tools during x ray measurement procedure reduces the time required for diagnosis, intervention 1453 preparation, planning, intervention procedure and / or any step within a healthcare delivery work 1454 flow and disease prevention work flow. 1455 In one configuration, the data derived and / or measured is stored and / or processed, and / or 1456 selected to be used as a part of data in the statistical database for at least one new imaging procedure 1457 and / or at least one workflow step, in analysis and / or processing of data generated of at least one 1458 substance of an imaged subject 1459 In one configuration, biopsy is biopsy of at least one part of the imaged subject 1460 In one configuration, the diagnostics is on the exo vivo tissue or molecule or subcellular or cellular 1461 sample of the imaged subject. 1462 In one configuration, x ray tomographic image is acquired and / or derived with limited or no 1463 movement of at least one x ray source and / or at least one detector 1464 1465 In one configuration, User interface method for x ray imaging system and / or non transitory 1466 computer for storage medium and / or a method for improving efficiency in at least one in an 1467 application workflow includes one or more of the following: 1468 In one configuration, the x ray tomography and / or densitometer or spectral imaging or multiple 1469 dimensional imaging may be comprising of x ray images measured from a plurality of x ray emitting 1470 positions in at least one dimension of a 6 D space. 1471 In one configuration, such a device can be used to measure human body, including dental imaging 1472 and mammography imaging. 1473 Image of a virtual object owned by one in some cases, in point to 7D format, and / or may have 1474 spectral measurements, and material decomposed substance image. can be identified and 1475 recognized visually by another user. Or the object may be simply be data or text files, which1476 requires another other user to have a token or a tool to recognize. The token may be given by the 1477 user or sold by the user or rented out by the user to the other user, which contains the information 1478 needed to process the text files into reconstructed data or image processed data. 1479 In one configuration, 3D models are typically 3D with surface information. And if there is 3D x ray 1480 image, it is typically of CT and very difficult to get and not only that, such a CT image is not 1481 possible typically to be analyzed by AI to inspect, identify and draw conclusions as ai algorithms 1482 trained in other CT systems are not helpful typically for recognition with high accuracy and 1483 precision, it is therefore may fail. 1484 However with scatter reduced, or SPR less than 1% or 5% or less than 10%, and image processed 1485 data and reconstructed data or 3D reconstructed image, or image derived from scatter removal using 1486 beam selector device, and / or time of flight x ray source and / or beam blocker array are typically 1487 consistent from one machine to next using the method disclosed in the aforementioned PCTs and in 1488 the present disclosure. 1489 Therefore image generated from such machine can be used to train AI algorithms off line or online 1490 by a user or a patient offering an reconstructed image, or measured data, and related imaging 1491 settings and parameters needed to reconstruct and image process. 1492 For example, the image may come with a label which comprising for example, DICOM label, or 1493 time when the image is taken, object dimensions, type, description, image setting, imaging system 1494 model and serial number and / or x ray source or detector information, hardware information, and / 1495 or a detailed description typically of an imaging device needed for image processing, such as field 1496 of view, x ray to detector distance, x ray to object surface distance, dosage, x ray imaging angle, 1497 which can be 0 – 360 degrees, or a view description describing selected image orientation x ray 1498 source to the imaged object . there may be a selectable menu for the operator or a user to use to 1499 select viewing orientation may comprising at least two options of defined view angle by which the x 1500 ray exam can take place. 1501 The reconstructed image may be manipulated by the user or other users the original owner digitally 1502 using a typically graphic or video editor, and / or the image may be modified using proprietary 1503 software unique to a user, and / or the image can be viewed in sagittal, coronal or axial presentation 1504 and / or sliced image or extracted data from the reconstructed or image processed data may present 1505 the data in ways the user prefers to see, for example, a diagonal slice different from that of the 1506 typical slice angle. 1507 The user may have varied al algorithms for reconstruction and image processing, which can be used 1508 on the rented or leased image or can be used after the image is purchased. A user may offer the1509 image to be interrogated by a number of AI users or developers, each may have his own or have 1510 access to a preferred AI or reconstruction or image processing method or software. 1511 Multiple user can collaborate together while viewing the object. 1512 Typically such 3D object in virtual world are drawn or photos, which presents a visual presentation 1513 only therefore not a true and realistic presentation. Therefore the image is fairly artificial. To present 1514 it so that it seems more real life, the x ray images may be taken which allow the user or a software 1515 program to present as is, so if it is bone, it has a certain density and / or certain composition, which 1516 may have visual as well as physical and chemical attributes which the user can add to or another 1517 user or more users can add on to. Such an image or presentation allows the user or other users to 1518 better recognize and digitally sense not only by optical visual data derived from the object but by 1519 actual physical and chemical attributes to make it life like therefore more fun and interesting 1520 In the medical field, a patient can upload its own imaging data for many to study and inspect, 1521 therefore getting multiple opinions which can be useful and timely. And if there is a digital program 1522 develop interested in the image for advancing research by at least at least one or more or 1523 combination of any users, the patient can also benefit from sharing the image where the image rights 1524 can be rented or sold completely or a portion of like a dance or song type of content. The user may 1525 get comments about the x ray images and tips about how to reconstruct or analyze and / or sending 1526 information about the image receive data about the image such as how to image process better and 1527 software or data for manipulate the data, or image processing. 1528 The imaging service may have a number of imaging services provided in one location or distributed 1529 locations: human health, animal health and object. 1530 The same hardware and machine may perform all in one machine. Or different machines can be 1531 used to serve different type of objects. 1532 1533 In one configuration, Lead shielding may be used around each imaging machine for safety 1534 purposes. 1535 In one configuration, Coffee and / or drinks and / or snacks may be served or purchased while the 1536 user is waiting to be imaged and in between to provide a user friendly and comforting environment 1537 and lower stress 1538 In one configuration, Printing service and / or editing kiosk may be available at the same location. 1539 In one configuration, Optical 3d scanner or 2D cameras may be used to scan in object surface color 1540 and apply the surface texture or surface color to the x ray image, however, filter may be used to 1541 present the image in a different viewing setting.1542 The imaging service may provide these services at the same location. and a stitching software onsite 1543 or online or a user may have access to a stitching software on mobile phone and computer to 1544 combine the optical image with the medical. 1545 The image setting may include voltage kV, current, ma, exposure time in each frame and frames, 1546 duration between frames and number of frames for each final image with the same image setting, 1547 and number of repeated imaging can be adjusted in an image setting tab, and imaging orientation 1548 which may indicate the angle of the x ray source relative to the object, or an admin portal where 1549 such image setting may be set. 1550 The image setting for each user may already be selected and operate takes an image based on a 1551 preselected setting except thickness. 1552 The operator can select a size, by estimating the corresponding thickness level. The selected size has 1553 a minimum and maximum dimension attached, the image setting is typically set for the upper 1554 dimension level to ensure enough exposure level and / or x ray emitting positions and / or number 1555 of projections taken of the object. 1556 Alternatively the thickness level may be automatically measured by a sensor such as a time of flight 1557 sensor attached. The sensor is placed so that the thickness of the object, or dimension along the axis 1558 connecting the x ray tube and detector are 1559 The image may be given texture and / or elasticity factor and / or density and spatial distribution 1560 and dynamic property and chemical property and aging property, based on its composition by the 1561 user or the original user or by another user so that the user or another user or multiple users can 1562 interact in a more realistic way. 1563 more realistic images or measured data from x ray, or MRI or optical imaging or molecular imaging 1564 in vitro, exo vivo and in vivo using PET, and / or thermal, or photoacoustic, or acoustic or 1565 chemistry analysis, or energy based sensing, such as temperature sensing, spectroscopy data may be 1566 included. 1567 Genetic and / or biological analysis such as PCR, or proteomics and / or microfluidics analyzed 1568 data or immune data or histology and / or pathology and / or blood sample or biopsied sample data 1569 and / or related result and / or data may be included for additional property characterization of an 1570 object in the digital network. 1571 1572 In one configuration, tomographic, or densitometer and / or fluoroscope applications, area Length 1573 Product or , or surface area entrance dosage are monitored and displayed in the UI to ensure safety 1574 level is not exceeded.1575 In one configuration, The alp warning threshold is determined prior to the imaging procedure. ALP 1576 or surface area entrance dosage warning and / or alert levels can be set by an user or the 1577 administrator within an admin account. 1578 Or such warning and alert levels may be set by the user. 1579 In one configuration, Presently most digital content or cryptocurrency is generated out of CT and 1580 general x ray radiology images which have scatter typically from 5% to 10 %, AI or analysis trained 1581 on images made by one system is not useful for another. 1582 The present disclosure provides a method and / or x ray system and / or non transitory computer to 1583 generate or produce or derive a x ray based image and / or data or 3D up to 7 D data derived from x 1584 ray measurement with <1% or less than 5% SPR. 1585 1586 In one configuration, images and / or digital content may be data collected during an imaging 1587 procedure and / or during surveillance or monitoring. 1588 Neural implant, smart device, for1589 treatment of illness or restoration of memory and enabling vocal, sight, muscle movement and other 1590 neurological related functions, an x ray system, non transitory computer and / or a method for 1591 Diagnosis and / or Intervention planning and / or guidance or post procedure monitoring includes 1592 one or more of the following 1593 Diagnosis and / or intervention planning using the x ray imaging, spectral imaging and 1594 tomographic imaging method described in the disclosure and / or in the aforementioned patents and 1595 PCTs may include one or more of the following elements: 1596 For example, having varied and the same resolution along the at least one dimension or along the z 1597 axis or axial resolution 1598 Intervention procedure planning which include mapping for the brain, planning for entry of the head 1599 or brain and placement of the implant based on the preplanned spatial configuration. 1600 Tracking during the intervention procedure to ensure pathway to the implanted spatial position. 1601 Peri procedure or Post procedural patient function and spatial position of the implant monitoring 1602 after implant for spatial position of the implant. 1603 Peri procedure or Post procedure refit for the implant if not done properly. 1604 1605 In one configuration, in addition to one set of x ray measurement comprising at least one 1606 measurement of the VOI, at least one additional set of x ray measurement by at least one second set1607 of x ray source and detector pair for back up and / or redundancy to reduce down time and / or 1608 improve speed and / or increase efficiency for an application 1609 In one configuration, Tomographic and / or spectral measurement simultaneously at an angle such 1610 as perpendicular to each other with corresponding source and detector pair and / or using the same 1611 detector but different source. Or same source at varied spatial location or angle but the same 1612 detector. 1613 1614 in one configuration, the detector and source pair have an isocenter similar to other detector and 1615 source pair, and the isocenter is in the component of interest such as centered in the component of 1616 the interest, within volume of interest or field of view. Such as to monitor heart and / or brain, the 1617 volume of interest can be large, however the component of interest, for example, lesion location, and 1618 / or tumor location or position of the implant, can be the isocenter of source and detector pair. 1619 1620 In one configuration, when the measurement are done concurrently and / or at different times at 1621 different angles, such as 90 degrees relative to each other in terms of detector source center axis for 1622 the illumination of the VOI, higher resolution measurement of the three dimensions can be achieved 1623 rapidly and / or with reduced time of acquisition and / or with reduced exposure and / or with 1624 reduced number of x ray emitting positions and / or with reduced number of projections. 1625 1626 In one configuration, such dual image measurements from different orientation may be used to 1627 locate and track, and characterize a substance or composite substances 1628 1629 In one configuration, one Parameter Data – Ratio of Substances (ROS), for example, ratio or 1630 chemical composition is based on at least one parameter data such as Density or Mass or Electron or 1631 a least one parameter data derived from any for at least one segment of at least one substance 1632 In one configuration, a parameter data such as ratio of density values, or molecular number of 1633 number of molecules or mass or electron or and / or in spatial frequency, or in spatial, or in time or 1634 in frequency domain, measured or a quantitative parameter data value can be quantitatively related 1635 to or derived from a parameter data or measurement for at least one substance or substance 1636 composite at at least one energy level or dual energy levels to that of at least one other substance or 1637 substance composite within a volume may be used to determine and quantify and / or characterize 1638 at least one cell, at least one molecular complex or at least one tissue or a portion of VOI or a voxel 1639 and / or a spatially distributed volume or tissue or composite material.1640 For example ratio of non fat mass to that of fat mass, or ratio of protein to lipid to metal ion and / or 1641 to bone, may be used to characterize the component of interest or volume of interest. 1642 In one configuration, such ratio of varied component or substances may be combined with other 1643 characteristic or physical properties to characterize a substance or a tissue or volume of interest or 1644 component of interest or substance of interest or non substance of interest. 1645 In one configuration, Ratio of substances is derived using one or more of the following method 1646 primary x ray measurement and / or attenuation value is derived from primary x ray signal of the 1647 detector if a single detector is used for x ray measurement 1648 or if dual detectors are used, primary x ray measurement and / or attenuation value of VOI is 1649 derived from primary x ray signal of front detector or rear detector and / or 1650 material decomposition of the VOI using measurements at at least two x ray energy level or at least 1651 two x ray wavelength numbers to generate a parameter data for at least one substance or at least two 1652 substances and a calibration dataset comprising attenuation value at dual or multiple energy levels 1653 and / or single energy level and / or its corresponding density level or mass or electron or a 1654 parameter data derived from any for at least one substance based on measurements and / or 1655 interpolation and / or extrapolation 1656 the said measurements are of known material containing at least one substance with known density 1657 and / or known mass or known dimension along the thickness of the VOI and / or thickness of the 1658 known material 1659 the said measurements are at least 6 or 8 measurements for at least one substance, each measurement 1660 is at a varied thickness level of one substance 1661 in one configuration, the said measurement is performed prior to the imaging procedure of the VOI, 1662 the thickness level of combined known substances in the known material is approximately the same 1663 to that of the VOI to be measured 1664 in one configuration, the said measurement is performed during the imaging procedure of the VOI, 1665 the thickness level of each substance and / or the known material comprising two or more 1666 substances is smaller than 3cm or 5 cm or 1cm or 5mm, or less than 1mm and the known material or 1667 the phantom comprising the known material is inserted in the path of the x ray beam path passing 1668 through the VOI 1669 the said phantom is placed between the VOI and the detector and / or placed between the beam 1670 blocker array and the VOI and / or placed within the beam blocker array, for example between 1671 beam blocker particles, and / or can be moved in and out of the beam path of the VOI by a mover, 1672 or by the same mover or movers for the beam blocker array1673 the mover is motorized 1674 the measured data at single or dual or multiple energies and its corresponding a parameter data value 1675 for each substance or substances can be extrapolated or interpolated to generate a calibration dataset 1676 to relate measured image data and / or image proceed data from the measured data, such as primary 1677 x ray extracted from the measured x ray signal, and / or derived quantitative data such as 1678 attenuation value to that of density or mass or electron or dimension of at least one substance or at 1679 least two substances 1680 1681 IN one configuration, Digital Management of Image Data and Related Data includes one or more 1682 of the following 1683 For trading and / or purchasing and / or tracking purposes, each image taken is labeled in meta data 1684 or dicom label with time taken, and / or geolocation and / or IP address and / or machine serial 1685 number and / or part number. Such a digital asset may be linked with block chain or its derivatives 1686 or similar network, or other method of public ledger or general ledger. Encryption key may be 1687 generated by a random number seeded by the label. To decipher such an encryption, 1688 Each image may be linked to other images in the same image procedure or in the same study or 1689 different studies of the same imaged subject. or may be linked due to other parameters. 1690 In one configuration, the images or image owner can store the image in the database which can be 1691 accessed by authentication methods, for example, a user name and password, 1692 In one configuration, a second key is used, Each image may be converted to text file, and encrypted 1693 with a set of data to seed the random number. The imaged subject identification number or unique 1694 identifier or a physical key or a piece of data similar to or the same as image can be used to decrypt 1695 the data or the storage or database vault and digital storage service or cloud service of such data 1696 files. Matching of two or more parameters used for description may be used to access the storage 1697 service. 1698 In one configuration, a user may store the digital content into the database service by creating an 1699 account and / or given an account which the user can login by username and password. 1700 In configuration, a second key is used in case the first authentication method is not usable or 1701 accessible. 1702 In one configuration, trading and access of images or digital content which requires curation, proof 1703 of identity or proof of image origination, which is the time, system, serial number and / or part 1704 number and geolocation, verifiable by the imaging service or database and / or imaged subject and / 1705 or imaging system provider.1706 In one configuration, rules are set, only verification of at least one sources, or at least two data 1707 points can proof authenticity or public proof of authenticity and / or origin. The public proof can be 1708 a match of user input with at least one or more or combination of any pieces of data stored in the 1709 metadata or data file or data label or dicom label associated with the digital content preselected for 1710 authentication or access purposes. Public certificate of authentication and / or proof of ownership 1711 can be at least one of the following such as user personal information, or any of the data or data 1712 combinations stored in the data label or metadata and / or dicom file. 1713 Protection of digital wallet may be included, such as method for prevention of modification of the 1714 original digital content and / or other digital content in the digital wallet. For example, additional 1715 algorithms may be used to analyze the digital content and present different digital content, and 1716 which allow creating of a new set of data which include the original digital content such as the 1717 medical image, or image series at one time or image series at different times and / or different 1718 imaged subject, software or algorithms to analyze such digital content and software to train on such 1719 data. 1720 Method to prevent original data to be tempered with is to encrypt the original data, if the data is 1721 modified, a new encryption will be generated, and the integrity of the data is violated, a new label 1722 will be generated to detail the steps of modification, such that the process can be traced and / or 1723 reversed. 1724 To ensure that the image is the original and unaltered version of the digital content, the creator and / 1725 or the user for taking the images and the imaged subject, such as patient and / or the imaging 1726 service may provide service to verify and identify the images as original and unaltered and / or 1727 provide a copy of the original image. 1728 In one configuration, verification method for determine if a 3D image or reconstructed spectral 1729 image and / or densitometry measurements have been altered from the original image, it can be 1730 developed without maintaining the original complete set of data, for example, originality of a 3D 1731 image can be verified by a original projection image, from which the 3D image was reconstructed. 1732 The original projection image can be compared to the 3D image simulation such as monte carlo 1733 simulation along the projection path used to generate the projection image. If there is an 1734 approximate match, for example within reasonable range of difference, it is therefore verified that 1735 the 3D image is an unaltered version, however if there is a difference and then it is likely that such 1736 an image is modified. At least one or at least two methods may be used to certificate the genuine 1737 nature of the image.1738 In one configuration, Another verification method can be two energy simulated projection of the 3D 1739 image, and / or the original material decomposed images,. If the 3D image to be checked is 1740 unaltered, the material decomposed images should be identical from those generated by the original 1741 3D model. 1742 In one configuration, the method to determine if the x ray image or photo image is altered is by 1743 digital fingerprint, can include steps of random selected or specific rule guided method to select 1744 regions of the digital content to compare with those from the original copy. At least one or at least or 1745 more such fingerprint methods can be used. 1746 In one configuration, hybrid methods may include digital fingerprint and / or verification of 1747 projection data and / or density or material decomposed image 1748 Such verification method or software used for verification method or algorithms for verification may 1749 be stored at the imaging service site or the original owner of the original copy and / or original 1750 imaged subject such as a patient. 1751 1752 In one configuration, Selective and Prioritization of 3D Reconstruction includes one or more of the 1753 following: 1754 In one configuration, in tomographic image reconstruction method, regions or a region from field of 1755 view of the projection measurements can be preselected for the reconstruction and / or spectral 1756 analysis step. Such a process is used to reduce image processing time and reduce data set or reduce 1757 amount of data needed to reconstruct an image of volume of interest. 1758 In one configuration, Biplane x ray imaging has limited use due to in accuracy resultant by scatter, 1759 and an essentially old tool used for 3D in optical imaging realm transferred to the x-ray realm. 1760 Improved with dual or multiple energy imaging combined with tomographic imaging and / or 1761 spectral imaging which allows for material decomposition and material characterization may be 1762 used for configuration of intervention planning and guidance. 1763 For example in spine, and / or cardiovascular imaging or neuroimaging or GI imaging 1764 In one configuration, the 1D up to 6D or up to 7 D space, orientation of each bone, or tissue of 1765 interest, which can be differentiated by its spatial distribution, and / or dynamic characteristics and / 1766 or substance density determined by atomic z, and / or ratios of substances within its volume and / 1767 or density of a unit, such as one or more of the following 1768 number of cells, or ratio of different types of cells and / or percentage of certain substance, at least 1769 one cell or at least one tissue in volume or in density within a volume, or Density measurement for 1770 at least one substance and / or thickness measurement for at least one substance or thickness1771 measurement for at least one substance, or density or thickness for interface region of two materials 1772 and / or combination of any 1773 At least one thin beam projected through the VOI, where density measurement is to be done for the 1774 tissue, or substance or component of interest. 1775 In one configuration, The projected measurement of the VOI on the detector is approximately at 1776 least one pixel or more. 1777 In one configuration, Two or multiple beams which are distributed or have distance apart from each 1778 other may be used to illuminate the VOI, all at the same time or at different time points. 1779 Each beam may be generated by the field of view of a collimator or beam restricting device. 1780 Or a plurality of beams or structural illumination of thin beams may be generated by a collimator or 1781 beam selector placed between the VOI of the imaged subject and the source, said beam selector or 1782 collimator which has at least one or plurality of x ray transmission regions, distributed across from 1783 the x ray beam cross section. 1784 Dual or multiple energy measurements may be derived. 1785 A calibration dataset such as established as in aforementioned method for energy function response 1786 equation system wherein attenuation value and / or primary x ray measurement of VOI is converted 1787 to a parameter data value such as density or mass or electron or combination of any or a parameter 1788 data derived from any for at least one substance, and Inverse functional response equation system 1789 look up may be used to derive the attenuation value or at least one parameter data for the component 1790 or substance. 1791 The thickness may be calculated or measured by x ray at different angles of projections. The final 1792 calculation of density is derived from attenuation value at dual or multiple energies and 1793 corresponding density value of each component or substance. For example, if a VOI or the 1794 component of interest or a tissue volume is relatively homogeneous, such as L1 of lumbar spine, the 1795 average value of the density derived from all beams may be calculated. 1796 Or the density may be derived from tomography measurement. 1797 In one configuration, Bone densitometer, using the x ray tomography method with low radiation 1798 level and low resolution, for example, 0.5 cm as the resolution desired in the z direction, or a 1799 dimension which may be smaller than thickness of bone in the z direction, for example, parallel to 1800 the center axis. For a human having 20 cm thickness, only 20 / 0.5 = 40 projection needed for bone 1801 density measurement. If the area of interest is restricted in the xy direction, for example a 1cm or 1802 size of xy dimension of lumbar spine or smaller are used as the dimension of xy cone beam diameter1803 or slight bigger or slight smaller, approximately 40 projections, each are 0.5cm apart from the most1804adjacent point, the entire area of travel may be less than approximately 20 cm21805 Or total data points in area of travel for the x ray source and / or the VOI to be at least equal or less 1806 than 5 x 8 data points. The distance between data points to be approximately the desired resolution 1807 in the z direction. 1808 1809 In one configuration, The angle of a x ray emitting position to the isocenter of the region of interest 1810 compared to the original relative position of the x ray emitting position to the isocenter of the region 1811 of interest may be less than 10 or 11 degrees. In some cases, it may be less than 5 degrees. 1812 Less than 20 or less than 10 or less than 40 projections of a region of interest such as lumbar spine, 1813 with x ray beam diameter to be approximately the same or less than that of lumbar spine, may be 1814 sufficient for accurate density measurement. 1815 1816 For the derivation of at least one parameter for at least one segment of at least one substance, such 1817 as density, the number of projection measurement of VOI containing the said segment are 1818 quantitatively related to the thickness of the segment and / or the thickness of the portion of VOI 1819 containing the said segment, or quantitatively proportional approximately the thickness of the 1820 Volume of Interest divided by Cz, which is the dimension of the component along the Z, or 1821 approximately equal to or less than thickness of VOI divided by Cz / 2 with Cz or Cz / 2 being the 1822 distance between x ray emitting positions or between positions of the VOI or between positions of 1823 the said segment or the shift between two relative x ray emitting positions to a portion of VOI or a 1824 portion of detector as x ray measurements are taken. 1825 In one configuration, For at least one parameter data to be derived such as density with accuracy 1826 better or comparable to that of qCT, or traditional CT or DXA, less than 3 images or < 10 1827 projection images are taken or less than 20 projections or less than 30 or 40 projections may be 1828 taken or at <2 or <4 or <10 or <20 or < 30 various x ray emitting positions; And / or x ray radiation 1829 volume or area and / or traveled by the x ray emitting positions where the measurements are taken 1830 are less than 2 cm2or less than 4 cm2or less than 5 cm2or less than 6 cm2or less than 10 cm2; Or 1831 for densitometer measurements, x ray emitting locations for each projection is traveling in less than 1832 the total thickness along the Z which is Cz cm31833 In one configuration, The region of interest of lumbar spine may identified by taking a full view x 1834 ray first. The tomography x ray source position and its volume integral through the Volume of1835 Interest may be saved in a table or database. Reconstruction involves a step to look up the system 1836 matrix of each projection from the table and / or derive on the fly based on the projection geometry. 1837 In one configuration, Similar method may be used for assessing density of component or composite 1838 matter, 1839 In one configuration, at least one parameter data, such as the mass or dimension or electron or at 1840 least one dimension of or a parameter derived from one or combination of any, of the matter may 1841 be estimated. Restricted xy direction ROI and step size is estimated to be smaller than the dimension 1842 in the z direction of the matter, or there may be at least one unit of step size dimension along the 1843 dimension of the matter or component in the z direction. 1844 Or at least one parameter data such as The density of the matter may be derived. If the voxel situated 1845 within the component or the matter is derived and the density is approximately the value of expected 1846 of the matter, and in the spatial location of the matter, then not only the density may be used for 1847 accurate determination of the density of the matter, or the material or the substance of interest, it 1848 may also be used to identify the matter, or the material or the component. 1849 In one configuration, The thickness of the component may be derived as well if it is not known 1850 already. For example, if at least one or more or combination of any voxels are of the similar density, 1851 the thickness of the material may be derived by adding the voxel dimension along the z to derive the 1852 true thickness of the matter. 1853 Conventionally, generally the interface region of the two materials or two tissues may be resolved 1854 by increasing the resolution of CT measurement to have fine definition along the z. However here is 1855 disclosed a method where with low radiation, higher speed, low resolution tomography of selected 1856 regions may be used to achieve similar or better results. 1857 Low resolution image or low resolution tomography of selected regions of at least one or more or 1858 combination of any within a region of interest, or the entire region of interest, combined with 1859 density measurement, and / or spectral imaging method to derive high resolution measurement at 1860 the region where two materials meet, for example between bone and soft tissue. 1861 If the material decomposition in 2D, or in line projection in one pixel or small number of pixel to 1862 allow the attenuation value of one component or composite material or a material to be derived on a 1863 pixel basis, , or the total attenuation value or radiographic density of the material or the component 1864 or the composite material or substance may be derived. then the thickness of the material, or the 1865 component or the composite material may be derived based on the density and / or optical and / or 1866 radiographic density measurement from the low resolution measurement.1867 In one configuration, Thickness measurement of a particular material may be derived from 3D 1868 imaging based on at least one measurement and / or density measurement combined with at least a 1869 dual or multiple energy measurements. 1870 In one configuration, Thickness measurement of a particular material may be derived from 3D 1871 imaging based on at least one measurement and / or density measurement combined with at least a 1872 dual or multiple energy measurements. 1873 1874 In one configuration, Segmentation of tissues may be derived with low resolution low projection 1875 tomography with less radiation and faster speed to achieve equivalent or better result than high 1876 resolution CT or tomography method. 1877 For example, segmentation of bone or soft tissue or calcification regions, or microcalcification 1878 regions, and / or separation of implant or catheters from the background, in a line path, or 2D as 1879 well spatially such as multiple dimension or approximately complete tomography may be achieved 1880 by using number of projections in the range of less than or less than 1 / 100thor less than 1 / 50th, or 1881 1 / 40th, 1 / 30th, 1 / 20th, or 1 / 10 th or less than 1 / 5thor less than of CT for similar or equivalent or better 1882 results in resolving regions with two or more matters or for separating different tissues or 1883 components or materials at the interface regions. The number of projections may be dependent upon 1884 the size of the segment of the substance or the material or the size of component comprising two or 1885 more substances along the z, Cz, or the desired resolution along the z axis or at least one dimension 1886 of the VOI. 1887 In one configuration, The segmentation may be done on a pixel by pixel basis. 1888 1889 In one configuration, at least one parameter data value such as Density of a unit of a component, or 1890 segment of a substance or subunit of a component comprising one or more substances or substance 1891 may be applied or interpolated to all of its volume or its spatially distributed volume if the substance 1892 or the component is relatively known to be relatively homogenous and / or for approximated value. 1893 1894 In one configuration, in image analysis and / or presentation of primary x ray signal of VOI, 1895 averaging of Primary x ray Signals may comprise some of the following steps, not necessarily in a 1896 set order: 1897 The resultant measurements and / or attenuation value or primary x ray signals can be stacked 1898 together. 1899 The measurements or primary x ray signals may also be added together1900 In one configuration, an average value of the primary x ray signals or attenuation values is derived 1901 and / or presented and / or displayed 1902 Due to the effect of scatter on the measurements, SNR, and / or due to thickness of certain samples, 1903 the establishment of energy response function system by using interpolation plot, may need 1904 calibration dataset to be used for interpolation to be derived from measurements at an approximate 1905 thickness similar to that of the VOI. Two or more data points measured at thickness level of the 1906 total known materials comprising at least one known substance and / or combination of known 1907 substances are to be approximately the same to the thickness of the VOI. 1908 In one configuration, 32 bit or 64 bit or 128 bit or more dynamic range may be sufficient in which 1909 exposure level of the one frame radiation level at the same or below the detector saturation level 1910 may be sufficient to produce primary x ray signals coming out of VOI to have sufficient information 1911 for quantity analysis for AI, or density measurement and other statistically meaningful data. 1912 The question is how to derive the true input primary which produces the a primary x ray image 1913 which can give rise to an accurate attenuation value of x ray by the VOI. 1914 1915 In One configuration, 3D or tomographic imaging or spectral imaging system comprising at least 1916 one x ray source or at least one x ray source with at least one x ray emitting location , at least one 1917 mover or steerer, at least one beam blocker array and / or beam selector in between the source and 1918 the imaged object or the image object and the detector, at least one detector. in some cases, such 1919 beam selector and beam blocker array may be omitted if other scatter removal methods are used and 1920 / or if the imaged object has very low scatter to primary ratio. 1921 In one configuration, tomographic method includes at least one or more or combination of any of 1922 the following 1923 Acquire x-ray images of VOI from at least one x ray emitting position or from at least one relative x 1924 ray emitting position to the voxel of a voi or to a portion of a detector or a plurality of x ray emitting 1925 positions, or a plurality of relative x ray emitting positions to the VOI or a portion of the detector in 1926 at least one axis in 6D space. 1927 In one configuration, the number of x ray emitting positions and / or no of projection measurements 1928 can be determined from at least one of the following elements: 1929 -resolution required for the application, in the x, y and z direction, the resolution in the x y z 1930 direction can be isotropic and therefore different. The resolution within any one dimension can vary 1931 as well for each of selected regions or segment. 1932 -accuracy desired1933 -resolution desired 1934 -Typically the thickness of the VOI and / or the thickness of a component of interest, or substance 1935 of interest and / or material of interest or interested segment of substance 1936 -the number of segments 1937 In one configuration, the distance between x ray emitting positions and / or relative angle between x 1938 ray emitting positions relative to VOI are determined from 1939 At least approximately one resolution of the 3D data and / or 3D image to be reconstructed in a 1940 least one dimension or approximately the resolution along the z axis or third dimension or axial 1941 direction for at least one substance or at least one segment or the VOI 1942 Total thickness of the substance or at least one segment of the at least one substance within VOI or 1943 at least one segment of at least one substance or at least one portion of the VOI 1944 approximately number of segments in VOI in the z axis and / or axial direction 1945 If there are regions outside of regions of interest – if yes, additional images may need to be taken 1946 Scatter removal method, if using movable beam blocker array method, the x-ray emitting positions 1947 may be moved in additional positions to acquire additional images to make up data lost for selected 1948 volume of interest due to beam blocker attenuation 1949 In One configuration of reconstruct by 1) Using volume integral and / or line integral method, in 1950 some cases combined with look up table for the relative x ray emitting position relative to each 1951 voxel In VOI, correlated with pixel positions on the detector. 1952 In one configuration, gaussian distribution on each pixel of the detector is calculated and in between 1953 pixels and area outside of the gaussian distribution are not counted. Or alternatively, the detector 1954 moves slightly during reconstruction to ensure regions of VOI which were not registered due to 1955 relative inactive region of the detector are now illuminated by x ray and projection measurements 1956 are now measured by the detector in the active region of detector pixel. 1957 Solving for multiple variables simultaneously in multiple variable linear equations. 1958 Using methods such as least squared linear equations solver or least squares approximation of linear 1959 function to data for 3D reconstruction and / or solving multiple variables in the multiple variable 1960 linear equations 1961 In one configuration, the solving of the multiple variable linear equations is based on matrix method 1962 or iterative reconstruction method or iterative algorithms for reconstruction or using analytical or 1963 discrete method1964 In one configuration, build system matrix, or forward projection and / or back projection and / or 1965 Reconstruct using ART or monte carlo simulation or parametric method or combination of any or its 1966 derivative method for reconstruction. 1967 Extract 1D to 2D and 3D image data or data and display and present quantitative data and / or 1968 image generated such as density information of each voxel, segmentation, and time based studies by 1969 tomographic imaging at different time period, 1970 tracking at least one substance, and / or at least one component, and / or at least one segment, and / 1971 or at least one display in time, and / or in space and / or in frequency domain and / or 1972 combination of any 1973 tracking at least one segment of at least substance in some case, over the background, or display 1974 relative to the rest of VOi or one or segment in the VOI or at least one reference marker. 1975 In one configuration, method of spectral imaging can be integrated in any of the steps, for example, 1976 Either in the beginning, to locate the field of view, and / or during reconstruction for adjusting no of 1977 x ray emitting positions and / or adjusting resolution or optimizing speed and / or radiation 1978 exposure. 1979 In one configuration, Steps of imaging reconstruction method and related methods for a Volume of 1980 interest comprising at least two substances, in some cases, at least one substance is embedded in at 1981 least one substance, including the following steps, some steps may be omitted, and the order of the 1982 steps are not necessarily in the right order. 1983 Check the previous imaging angle entry from previous imaging studies 1984 Selecting the area of entry from a number of position of area of imaging angle, which can illuminate 1985 at least the substance of interest, and / or the estimated field of view covering the substance of 1986 interest 1987 Low resolution imaging of the VOI 1988 Segmentation based on the derived value of the voxel in a VOI, for example for certain value range, 1989 at least one segment is differentiated from the background. For example, bone can be differentiated 1990 from soft tissue. 1991 The thickness along the beam path can be derived for at least one substance. 1992 1993 In one configuration , Acquire tomographic images or spectral tomographic images of each segment 1994 of each substance by one or more of the following steps:1995 Acquire images of VOI containing the said segment of the said substance at at least two x-ray 1996 energies, generated by at least one x ray source at least one x-ray generator voltage or at least two 1997 generator voltage, , using at least one portion of at least one detector , 1998 In one configuration, wherein each voxel within VOI is illuminated by the x ray radiation generated 1999 by the said x ray source. 2000 Material separation using dual or multiple energy imaging method or spectral imaging method to 2001 generate an image or quantitative data value for at least one parameter data of at least one segment 2002 of at least one substance, 2003 Said material separation or material decomposition method comprising at least an energy response 2004 function, and numerical inversion. 2005 3D reconstruction for at least one substance 2006 Segment based on value range of at least one parameter data for at least one segment of substance, 2007 Segment based on known property of the substance in the VOI and / or in the imaged subject and / 2008 or based on spatial distribution and / or spatial relationship with at least one or more markers and / 2009 or relative to at least one known substance of the VOI 2010 Label and / or annotate based on the at least one parameter data of the said segment of the substance 2011 based on a database containing prior knowledge of the said parameter data and / or segment and / or 2012 said substance and / or its spatial position relative to other segment of the substance or a segment of 2013 at least one other segment of the substance 2014 Move or steer the relative spatial position of x-ray emitting position relative to VOI to 2015 acquire projections of selected VOI in the field of view sufficiently to reconstruct a 3D image or 3D 2016 spatial data for at least one segment of at least one substance, by moving the x ray emitting position 2017 and / or by moving the said segment and / or combination of both. 2018 Repeat at least one step of the above in this configuration, 2019 Reconstruct the said segment and / or said labeled and / or annotated segment based on the value of 2020 at least one parameter for the said segment. 2021 in one configuration, the number of relative spatial position of x ray emitting position and location 2022 relative to VOI is quantitatively related to one or combination of any of the following: 2023 Approximate resolution desired for at least one segment of the substance, and / or for at least one of 2024 the segments in at least one dimension, for example, the axial direction or the third axis. 2025 Approximate accuracy desired 2026 Approximate effective resolution desired 2027 Approximate thickness of at least said segment of the said at least one substance2028 Approximate thickness of at least one other segment of the said substance within the x ray 2029 projection path and / or thickness of the portion of VOI in the x ray projection path generating the 2030 parameter data. 2031 Number of segments to be reconstructed , for example, along the axial direction or third axis or 2032 along the x ray projection path 2033 In one configuration, At least Minimum number of relative spatial position of x ray emitting 2034 position to a portion of VOI is approximately one or less than or approximately equivalent to 2 or 2035 up to 5 or up to 10 or quantitatively related to the approximate Thickness of at least one segment or 2036 at least one substance selected to be imaged or reconstructed or the approximate resolution desired 2037 for the segment for example, Xc 1 or Xc 2 in at least one dimension 2038 For example, for bone fracture diagnostic applications, the resolution desired for the bone may be in 2039 sub millimeter range, while the soft tissue portion may have lower resolution requirement. In some 2040 cases, the resolution may be what is desired for quantitative data describing at least one parameter 2041 of at least one tissue or at least one substance or related to at least one substance or at least one 2042 tissue derived from measurement or image generated from the measurement of the at at least one 2043 tissue or at least one substance within VOI or the result of material decomposition using dual or 2044 multiple energies or segmented volume derived for at least one tissue or at least one substance 2045 based. 2046 In one configuration, 3D reconstruction by solving simultaneous multiple variable equations set up 2047 by the system matrix relating to the x ray emitting position, the pixels for collecting data and / or 2048 geometric configuration in 7D space 2049 In one configuration, 2050 Xa or Xb and Xc, a method to reconstruction with varied Xc, or at least one Xc for example Xc1, 2051 Xc2, … Xcn, each of the resolution, Xc1..Xcn is approximately the resolution desired for a 2052 component of interest, or for one segment of VOI along the segment of beam path along the Z or the 2053 axial direction, 2054 In one configuration, Xa and Xb are resolutions along the axis perpendicular to the center axis, 2055 parallel to the detector or lateral resolution; Xc is the resolution along the center axis connecting the 2056 x ray center ray to the detector 2057 In one configuration, the xyz coordinate of the VOI can be shifted relative to the center axis of x ray 2058 emitting position and the detector plane. 2059 For example, when at least one x ray source and / or at least one detector illuminate the VOI from a 2060 slanted angle relative to a particular coordinate defined2061 In one configuration, the resolution along x, y and z, can all vary and be adjusted based on the 2062 application requirement. 2063 For example, there may be at least one region of interest within VOI along the x or y direction 2064 where the resolution, or the smallest dimension which can be resolved is different from other region 2065 in the same imaging procedure or a different imaging procedure. 2066 For example, Xa1 or Xa2 or Xa3.. Xan are different resolutions along one axis, such as x axis or 2067 Xb1 or at least an addition Xb2 or Xb3 y axis of the 6 D dimension VOI is residing in one 2068 tomographic imaging session, such a tomographic imaging reconstruction can have different 2069 resolution in x, y z for selected volumes or segments within VOI. 2070 Or different combination of each of Xa resolutions with one of Xb resolutions and combined with 2071 one of possible Xc resolutions to define a voxel. 2072 In one configuration, reconstruction can be done for at least one approximate resolution or at least 2073 two different resolutions along the z axis for two or more segments of at least one substance within 2074 VOI 2075 the Xc1, Xc2 and Xc3, Xc4 are varied resolutions for each of the four segment respectively within 2076 the VOI along the illuminated region along the Z direction, which is approximately in the direction 2077 of the center axis connecting x ray tube to detector. 2078 the minimum number of segment is one 2079 the resolution along the axial direction or for at least one segment of interest for at least one 2080 substance can be the resolution desired and used for VOI and / or that desired for the application 2081 and / or 2082 additional projection images from additional x ray emitting positions relative to the VOI, may be 2083 used to increase the number of measurements made of VOI in the field of view, or increase the 2084 number of measurements in the field of view to obtain addition data point for reconstruction and / or 2085 for increasing resolution and / or for increasing accuracy 2086 The exposure time or current time product may be modulated during an imaging procedure. For 2087 example for low resolution image used for segmentation, short exposure may be used to decrease 2088 the time for acquisition and therefore imaging procedure. 2089 The segmentation and / or tomographic imaging of the VOI or the component of the interest may be 2090 done prior to a new imaging procedure so that the thickness and / or its orientation within VOI and / 2091 or resolution may be determined prior to the imaging procedure 2092 The basis for segmentation may be different in substances or atomic z, or the different in spatial 2093 distribution. So long as total attenuation of the specified segment for at least one substance is2094 differentiable from the rest. For example, through material decomposition method comprising dual 2095 or multiple energy imaging, images are taken at the same x ray emitting position but with different 2096 energies. 2097 After segmentation of the VOI, or spatial segmentation of the VOI, a high resolution imaging along 2098 the Z may be obtained of at least one selected segment Or a low resolution tomographic imaging 2099 with two or more energies can be performed. 2100 In one configuration, the exposure time and / or current can be modulated. for example for 2101 acquisition of segmentation tomographic imaging, the exposure time and / or current level can be 2102 for example, between less than 0.01% of a typical radiographic image for the size of VOI, or 2103 between 0.01% - 0.1% of a typical radiographic image exposure level or between 0.1% to 1% or 2104 between 1% - 10%, or between 10% to 20%, or between 20-30% or between 30-40% or between 2105 40% - 50% or between 50% - 60% or between 60%-70% or between 70% to 80% or between 80% 2106 to 90% or between 90% to 99% of a typical radiographic image exposure level, or between 99% or 2107 99.9% of a typical 2D measurement exposure. 2108 In one configuration, the high resolution spectral imaging along the z direction, may be performed 2109 where Xc is approximately required for an application, adjusted for exposure level with appropriate 2110 noise level, such as for tumor inspection and / or at an appropriate level for a segment of VOI, or a 2111 component of interest. 2112 In one configuration, The exposure level and / or exposure time and / or current level can be 2113 reduced to for example, between less than 0.01% of a typical radiographic image for the size of 2114 VOI, or between 0.01% - 0.1% of a typical radiographic image exposure level or between 0.1% to 2115 1% or between 1% - 10%, or between 10% to 20%, or between 20-30% or between 30-40% or 2116 between 40% - 50% or between 50% - 60% or between 60%-70% or between 70% to 80% or 2117 between 80% to 90% or between 90% to 99% of a typical radiographic image exposure level, or 2118 between 99% or 99.9% of a typical 2D measurement exposure for tracking applications such as 2119 tracking of a catheter or biopsy probe. 2120 In one configuration, Low resolution tomographic imaging, for example, with Xc larger than that of 2121 xa, xb, to segment a VOI, then use of spectral tomographic imaging for high resolution imaging of 2122 selected segment, and in some cases, low resolution imaging of at least one other segments along the 2123 beam path, so that Xc1 is less than Xc2, or in multiple segment VOI, Xc1 can be less than Xc3,… 2124 and / or 2125 In one configuration, Xc is smaller than Xa and / or Xb2126 In one configuration, X a or X b is larger than pixel pitch of a detector or 2x or more than 3x or 2127 more than 5x or more than 10x of a pixel pitch of a detector. 2128 In one configuration, Low resolution or high resolution tomographic imaging, for example, with Xc 2129 larger than that of xa, xb, to segment a VOI, and / or tomographic images from CT, data derived of 2130 voxel from optical imaging and other modalities, low resolution imaging of at least one other 2131 segments along the beam path, so that Xc1 can be the same or equal to Xc of the prior tomographic 2132 images. Such method can be used in applications such as tracking. 2133 In one configuration, low resolution imaging, which can be used for applications, such as tracking 2134 and monitoring. 2135 In one configuration, Imaging method such as spectral imaging such as dual energy imaging and 2136 low resolution tomographic imaging to segment a VOI, to at least one segment. Then at least two 2137 X-ray emitting position to VOI or segment of interest and at least two energy spectral imaging may 2138 be used to segment a VOI into at least two segments of varied x ray attenuation properties 2139 In one configuration, In image presentation, low resolution image or images comprised of short 2140 exposure projection measurements or image reconstructed from short exposure projection 2141 measurements can be replaced by that of a prior measurements based on characteristics, spatial 2142 distribution and / or relationship of at least one reference marker, which can be anatomic markers 2143 and / or a contrast labeled markers or a segment with a number of characteristics that is 2144 differentiable by x ray measurements. 2145 In one configuration, imaging is optimized for low dosage, especially in procedures such as 2146 fluoroscope, to optimize the dosage, kV setting or adjustment, for example, low kV, current 2147 adjustment or setting, such as low current and exposure setting such as low exposure time, may be 2148 used, this may result in higher noise image compared to typical CT image in a clinical setting, from 2149 which, the reconstructed and / or the derivation of measurements or reconstruction can be used for 2150 segmentation or tracking. 2151 Typically such a method may or may not need a high resolution CT image to compare to in order for 2152 tracking. 2153 In one configuration, high speed imaging is needed, therefore high kv, low current or high current or 2154 high mAs and / or short exposure time, may be configured for tomography image acquisition or 2155 spectral imaging or spectral tomographic imaging acquisition 2156 2157 In one configuration, Presentation of the reconstructed parameter data or image for at least one 2158 substance can be done in the following steps:2159 identification and determination of segment distribution in the volume of interest for at least one 2160 substance, 2161 determine relative spatial position of each segment and that of reference marker extract information 2162 about reference marker spatial distribution, 2163 optionally from a prior data set comprising prior studies or prior images, 2164 look up high resolution equivalent image or voxel value for the segment or substance other than the 2165 substance of interest or segment of interest or by its spatial distribution and / or density value or 2166 range or attenuation value or range or quantity, or quantitative ratio of substances within a specific 2167 volume or spatial pattern or substance other than segment or component of interest which are be 2168 tracked such as a catheter or a probe or component expected to be moving or having a dynamic 2169 characteristics which changes with time; 2170 Display with that of the present or live imaging data for the segment of interest. 2171 In one configuration, 2D or 2D or 3D reconstructed from distributed structural illumination from 2172 data or image data derived from point, or 1D or 2D or 3D reconstructed or up to 7D reconstructed 2173 data or image generated may be used to track by comparing the live image or data derived from real 2174 time measurement with that of measurements at a different time interval or the first set of images or 2175 measurements, or data derived from the first set of measurements and / or images generated from 2176 the said data set. 2177 In one configuration, Logic can be build into tracking, if for example, there is a 3D vessel map, the 2178 predicated segment or spatial distribution of tracked segment of 3D vessel can be measured and 2179 tracked over time leaving background images constant or leaving substances other than substances 2180 tracked less frequently. 2181 In one configuration, The movement of catheter trigger the injection of contrast agents. Or the 2182 injection of contrast agents can be preprogrammed from the beginning of the procedure to end as the 2183 contrast agents can be low in amount, therefore can be administered throughout the procedure 2184 periodically. or the injector can be triggered by the imaging procedure, at any time point determined 2185 to be appropriate for contrast injection by the user or the digital program based on a predetermined 2186 algorithm. 2187 Said algorithms may trigger contrast agent injection at the beginning of an imaging procedure and / 2188 or may trigger contrast agent inject at the end of the imaging procedure, 2189 In one configuration, the imaging procedure is image guidance procedure for therapeutics delivery 2190 and / or intervention guidance and / or surgical planning and / or real time image guidance for 2191 biopsy and / or minimal invasive surgery or endoscope guidance or robotics surgery guidance2192 In one configuration, the end point of injection of contrast agent is triggered by any point of the 2193 procedures , or can be preset and adjusted by the operator through UI of the imaging procedure or 2194 the injector device. 2195 In one configuration, Selection of imaging angle or viewing angle for presentation of image is 2196 based on information extracted from the x ray tomographic image or x ray image, of the component 2197 of interest, such as heart, lung and 3D vessel and / or user decision or digital program selection and 2198 / or application or intervention guidance requirement 2199 In one configuration, the selection of Field of View is done by taking an x ray image and then a CT 2200 image. 2201 In one configuration, however with the tomographic image guidance, such as the spatial distribution 2202 of the segment region, relative to the x-ray tube, and / or detector, the angle of imaging, alignment 2203 of x-ray source and detector line of sight or field of view can be determined based on information 2204 presented to the user of the specific segment for at least one substance of interest, and / or its spatial 2205 distribution and / or its thickness along center ray of the x -ray tube connecting to the detector. 2206 In one configuration, One determining factor of the field of view selection can be to monitor the 2207 dosage for the same skin entrance area for tomographic imaging or fluoroscopy in prior study within 2208 a time period and / or the current procedure. 2209 In one configuration, one determining factor of field of view selection and x ray source angle 2210 alignment relative to the VOI or segment of interest is to determine the spatial location of the 2211 segment of interest or component of interest relative to the x ray tube or reference marker in or 2212 external to VOI or geometry measurement device. 2213 In one configuration, Another determining factor which could be using spectral imaging with 2214 capability to estimate the spatial distribution and thickness of a segment without using tomographic 2215 capability. 2216 In one configuration, Monitor area length product, Kerman Area product, dose area product 2217 (DAP),as it is close to the threshold, from prior studies and / or current studies, the x ray position 2218 can be moved so that the segment of interest or substance of interest can be imaged with out 2219 exceeding dosage threshold for skin entrance dosage. 2220 In one configuration, the estimated dosage is planned for a complete series of imaging procedure for 2221 the patient, and the angle of imaging involving x ray source, voi and detector and segment of interest 2222 and field of view is planned prior to each exam to reduce the dosage.2223 In one configuration, for example, in 3D fluoroscope for tracking, there may be alternative setting 2224 for optimizing speed and / or dosage or resolution other imaging parameters at various time point 2225 and various part of the intervention procedure to optimize the best efficacy and outcome. 2226 In one configuration, any of the element of software, and hardware for x ray imaging and payment 2227 method such as cryptocurrency and digital currency, subscription revenue method, retrofit kit, or a 2228 kit comprising at least one or any of the elements below 2229 2230 In one configuration, in an application such as, Cancer Diagnosis 2231 In one configuration, For example, for early stage or tumor diagnostics in general, a biomarker or 2232 an indicator or a support factor for identification and / or characterization of tumor or cancer stage 2233 or risk factor analysis is comprised of one or combination of the following 2234 at least one parameter data information or value on the angiogenesis of blood vessels, or fluidic 2235 dynamics, or presence and / or quantification of cations such as metal cations, or any 2236 macromolecule and / or distribution of metal cations and / or macromolecule, and / or spatial 2237 distribution of blood vessels and / or capillaries and / or proximity to at least one substance of 2238 certain density characteristics and or dimension and / or shape and / or ratio of substances, and / or 2239 relative spatial distribution of at least one substance to at least one other substance or tissue and / or 2240 relative spatial relationships within a volume, and / or combination of any , 2241 in one configuration, the substance is comprised of lipid or protein or nucleic acid or calcium or 2242 metabolite or combination of any 2243 in one configuration, AI, or Machine Learning, or Neural Network Algorithms and / or combination 2244 of any, and / or the AI trained algorithms using at least one such parameter data for at least one 2245 substance 2246 in one configuration, AI trained algorithms may be useful in identification of tumor surrounding 2247 tissues as well as tumor site for early screening. 2248 In one configuration, For highly dynamic characteristic characterization, for example, for imaging of 2249 fluid, x ray system and / or non transitory computer and / or a method for image acquisition and / 2250 or processing and presentation , is comprised of one or more of the following: 2251 spectral imaging with time tracking and / or single energy imaging and / or tomographic imaging 2252 and / or high resolution and / or low resolution 2D / 3D imaging of at least one tissue within VOI 2253 Alternating high energy and low energy spectral measurements, 2254 reconstruction 2255 segmentation2256 tracking 2257 any of above and / or combination of any of the above, can be carried out in one imaging procedure 2258 for optimization of image display or presentation and / or precision tracking and / or optimization 2259 of speed of acquisition and / or dosage level. 2260 2261 In one configuration, For brain imaging, for example: 2262 In one configuration, Use of spectral imaging and tomographic imaging to obtain an image of the 2263 VOI and / or generate at least one parameter data for at least one substance from the image of the 2264 VOI, segment the image of the VOI or data of VOI into at least one segment with distinct 2265 boundaries using at least measurements at at least two energies and at least two x ray emitting 2266 positions relative to the VOI containing segment of interest. 2267 For segmented VOI with varied segment dimensions of segment along each x ray projection path, if 2268 there are total of n layers of interlacing segments, then at least n number x ray emitting position to 2269 VOI. For example, if there are bone, soft tissue and bone soft tissue there are then 4 different x ray 2270 emitting position relative to VO which can be used with dual energy imaging to resolve. Both soft 2271 tissue and bone density. 2272 Typically segmentation require hundreds if not 1000 x ray projection images or x ray emitting 2273 positions relative to VOI in order to segment tissue precisely. However with the method disclosed 2274 here, number of projections as well as number of x ray emitting positions needed to precisely 2275 measure the density of each tissue can be dramatically reduced based on how may layers of 2276 interlacing tissues are. 2277 Rapid Segmentation of tissues, adjust kv, for example, high kv, adjust current, for example, high 2278 current, adjust exposure time, for example, short exposure , adjust resolution based on application 2279 need, for example, varied resolution in implant placement, tumor prognosis, diagnosis, tracking and 2280 monitoring and surveillance. 2281 Low dose segmentation of tissues – for example for fluoroscope – low kv, low current, low 2282 exposure rate. 2283 Frequent screening protocol – low dosage, sufficient resolution, multiplexed evaluation. 2284 Fluoroscope – low dose, relative low resolution, high speed. 2285 In one configuration, imaging procedure for brain imaging or cardiovascular or heart imaging or 2286 imaging of at least one portion of VOI with at least one injury or at least one defect in an imaged 2287 subject for x ray system, non-transitory computer for storage medium and a method is comprised of 2288 one or more of the following2289 spectral imaging of the VOI. for example approximate skull wall thickness, 2290 tomographic imaging of VOI 2291 remove skull wall from 3D to 7 D data or image data derived from 3D reconstruction of VOI 2292 Segmentation of a parameter data of blood vessels or blood lumen using images with contrast agent 2293 or without contrast agent, 2294 Segmentation of a parameter data of VOI or tissue of interest using images with contrast agent or 2295 without contrast agent, 2296 use real time or time resolved 3D or up to 7D data derived from or images generated from spectral 2297 imaging and / or tomographic imaging for 2298 selection of intervention method based on the fact derived from the data and / or image for at least 2299 one parameter data of the selected VOI containing lesion or injury or tumor or abnormal volume 2300 segmented blood lumen containing the injured blood vessel, or segmented blood vessel with blood 2301 vessel wall or select portion of an organ 2302 and / or identification of target region for intervention 2303 marking of the target region with color border and / or with highlighted color or with a different 2304 intensity from the background tissue or tissues 2305 the data may include ratio of substances based on at least one parameter data such as quantification 2306 and / or identification in mass or electron or density and / or dimension and / or volume of calcium 2307 and / or lipid and / or fibrin within a plaque and / or a blood clot and / or a leaking blood vessel 2308 and / or blood within the blood vessel and / or at least one substance or biomarker or indicator or 2309 support factor in blood clot or scar tissue or inflamed tissue and / or diameter of the blood vessel 2310 with or without blood vessel wall or diameter of blood lumen and / or volume or dimension of 2311 blood vessel and / or blood lumen within a selected volumetric region or volumetric unit. 2312 in one configuration, automated image guidance of intervention procedure involving intervention 2313 procedure such as removal of occlusion through aspiration of blood clot or reagent delivery for 2314 treatment of blood blot of plaque or for catheter balloon treatment of calcium rich plaque with 2315 ultrasound, or implant or ablation 2316 in one configuration, the guidewire and / or catheter or intervention instrument and / or therapeutic 2317 agent delivery instrument is moved to the target region by a motorized robot with at least one axis of 2318 movement and / or by a user based on the image data in 3d or 3D vessel map or the guided path 2319 within 3D vessel and / or the entry site on the imaged subject for the intervention instrument 2320 in one configuration, the intervention procedure is carried out by the user or the robot or 2321 combination of both based on the spatial positioning of the instrument and / or the target region and2322 / or a guide map with suggested path for the instrument such as instrument for intervention or drug 2323 delivery or biopsy probe or surgical tool 2324 the suggested path is the path to the target region through center line of the blood vessel lumen 2325 Peri procedure imaging to verify the result of the intervention or surgery 2326 Post procedure imaging of VOI to monitor the result of the intervention and / or surgery 2327 2328 Once segmented, spectral imaging of selected segment of VOI , such as in brain imaging, brain 2329 matter, for example, for tumor or cancer or lesion or injured region identification, 2330 Tumor generally reside in protein and lean tissue, lean tissue is selected to be image with high 2331 resolution and / or tomographic imaging 2332 high resolution in Xc for tomographic resolution in lean tissues, 2333 while low resolution in other regions to identify and characterize tumor. 2334 2335 In one configuration, in measurement and / or derivation of Fluidic dynamics, spectral imaging with 2336 contrast agents may be used. 2337 In one configuration, Alignment of x ray source and detector relative to VOI and selected field of 2338 view 2339 The x ray emitting location relative to the VOI can be planned ahead of time. And the angle may be 2340 planned with or without the movement of VOI or the imaged subject such as a patient. 2341 In one configuration, in reconstruction of a least one 3D data of at least one parameter data for at 2342 least one substance is achieved using measurements acquired from projection generated from a 2343 plurality of relative x ray emitting positions to at least one substance or at least one selected portion 2344 of VOI 2345 The plurality of relative spatial position of x ray emitting position to at least one substance or at 2346 least one selected portion of VOI is achieved through the movement of at least one substance 2347 relative to the x ray emitting position and / or the movement of the selected portion of the VOI 2348 containing the at least one substance 2349 2350 The relative geometric configuration and spatial configuration of x ray emitting position of at least 2351 one source relative to at leas tone voxel of the VOI for a set of images taken for reconstruction of 2352 approximately tomographic imaging may be configured ahead of imaging acquisition and / or 2353 imaging procedure2354 In one configuration, the user may manually direct the patient or drive the motor using a motor 2355 control such as a joystick and / or computer input device and / or a user interface in a computer 2356 display, such as touch screen, graphic input and / or text input to align the x ray tube and / or 2357 detector to image the segment of interest or VOI. 2358 In one configuration, the device may be configured to rotate around the patient as in a C arm to align 2359 the tube and detector at an angle to the VOI, so that the segment of interest or segments of interest 2360 are imaged and / or tomographic images are reconstructed for the specific component of interest or 2361 segment of interest or substance of interest. 2362 Typically the use of C arm to for multiple dimensional imaging. However in this case, the C arm is 2363 used to image the same VOI or segment of interest from a different angle, and to ensure the dosage 2364 to a specific skin area is not exceeding safety guideline within a time period such as within a year. 2365 In one configuration, the field of view and geometry alignment is configured automatically using a 2366 microprocessor and at least data about alignment of x ray tube to VOI in prior studies or prior 2367 images or prior tomographic images and algorithms to position x ray tube and / or detector relative 2368 to VOI based on at least one reference marker comprising visual marker based on shapes, metrics or 2369 anatomic markers or other visual and x-ray measurable or differentiable properties such as motion 2370 detection, density or mass or electron or shape pattern, at least one parameter data for at least one 2371 substance such as a physical property and / or image pattern in frequency, time and space.. 2372 2373 In one configuration, the user makes the decision using data about alignment of x ray tube to VOI in 2374 prior studies or the present imaging procedure or tomographic imaging and software and algorithms 2375 to properly position at least one x ray tube and / or detector relative to VOI based on at least one 2376 reference marker, such as a spatial location marker external or internal to VOI 2377 2378 In one configuration, a mover such as implemented as C arm or O ring is used for improved access 2379 of visualization of VOI 2380 In one configuration, additional mover may be used to move the x ray source and related hardware 2381 in additional degree of freedom and in at least one other axis., wherein the additional mover is 2382 attached to C arm at the imaged subject facing position and attached to the x ray source and / or 2383 related hardware assembly such as collimator and / or filter and / or other x ray optics or hardware 2384 desired by the application, such as a steerer and / or beam focal size reduction device, and / or x ray 2385 beam modulator or electron beam modulator or electromagnetic steerer for steering electron beam to 2386 steer the x ray emitting position relative to the VOI in at least one dimension.2387 In the present configuration, in addition, the motion configuration for moving the x ray source and / 2388 or VOI is used to have the relative spatial location of x ray source to VOI to be different or varied 2389 sufficiently to reduce skin entrance exposure or exposure for a specific adjacent tissue to reduce the 2390 radiation harm to the surrounding tissues for imaging the segment of interest. 2391 In one configuration, the mover may be used to guide radiotherapy so that varied angle of entrance 2392 to VOI is selected for reduction of radiation dosage for the surrounding tissues of at least one 2393 segment of interest, or substance of interest or component of interest 2394 2395 2396 In one configuration, Enclosure, Support Hardware and Configuration 2397 In one configuration, there may an enclosure of the VOI, which may be minimally x-ray attenuating 2398 or having an x ray or optical transmissive window or volume through, or have a well defined x-ray 2399 measurement or attenuation characteristics so that its presence is minimally interfering the analysis 2400 and quantification of the VOI. 2401 2402 Imaging Angle or imaging orientation of X ray source relative to the surface of VOI – radiation 2403 dosage consideration and image acquisition management 2404 In one configuration, x ray measurement system and / or non transitory computer and / or a 2405 method to mediate dosage risk for skin surface dose, for example software and UI design, a prior 2406 study or in the patient work list, or from report or structure report, may a summary of dosage for 2407 skin surface dose for each part of irradiated surface area, 2408 In one configuration, such report or database is build for the skin surface dosage may include the 2409 location or spatial position of such area are stored, the spatial information may include information 2410 on a substance which is spatially located relative to the at least one reference marker or at least one 2411 other substance and / or relative spatial distribution in a cavity enclosed by at least one substance. 2412 In one configuration, different region of the body is approximately marked digitally in the computer 2413 and stored in the computer, and / or the preferred imaging angle from the source can be selected and 2414 / or preferred geometry can be calculated and / or derived based on the possible skin entrance 2415 surface region or regions for a selected component of interest and / or selected VOI 2416 For example, for capture data from heart based on x ray measurement, there may be a number of 2417 skin entrance regions on the front of the patient and / or on the back of the patient which could 2418 used, a digital program may select the skin entrance region to image the heart from by determining 2419 and / or approximating and / or prioritize and / or choose based on thickness of the VOI and x ray2420 illumination passing through VOI from each skin surface entrance region, the thinner, the VOI, with 2421 the selected imaging angle, the less dosage is needed for each exposure and / or lesser dosage for 2422 tomographic imaging therefore will be selected first for imaging the patient . However as the skin 2423 surface dosage recorded that the patient has experienced exceeds the annual limit for one skin 2424 surface entrance region, the second thinnest VOI will be selected to image the patient for the same 2425 segment of interest. For example, the first selected orientation may be normal to the chest, and / or 2426 the second choice may be 45 degree to the normal angle to the chest on one side of the patient. 2427 In one configuration, the consideration will be given to patient access. For example, in an 2428 intervention procedure, guided by the x ray imaging system, the first selected orientation may be a 2429 45 degree angle relative to the normal on one side. 2430 In one configuration, two and more angles can be configurated and / or saved as recommended 2431 possible imaging orientation and / or configuration for each body part 2432 In one configuration, the different regions and / or different skin surface regions and / or at least 2433 two different surface regions of VOI within the imaged subject, which is illuminated by x ray are 2434 named or numbered for user friendliness. 2435 In one configuration, The user and / or the digital program can choose which angle and / or which 2436 orientation is to be imaged of the VOI ahead of time based on historical record and / or data of the 2437 patient, which could be one or combination of the following: none or data or recorded of total or a 2438 portion of dosage combined from multiple imaging procedures at different times and / or given by 2439 the patient prior to the imaging procedure for at least one prior imaging procedure 2440 In one configuration, the user can choose from available possibilities and / or recommended 2441 geometry of x ray source, the imaged subject and / or detector using a peripheral device and / or 2442 touch screen and / or a computer input device. 2443 In one configuration, for each imaging procedure or each study, the exposure or dosage on a skin 2444 entrance surface region selected as entrance for imaging VOI is calculated for each surface regions 2445 based on the total measurements taken of the skin surface region and / or stored in the database. 2446 In one configuration the cumulative dose for a specific surface region is calculated for a fixed and / 2447 or preset time period from one or more imaging procedures and / or stored in the study data and / 2448 or in patient record 2449 In one configuration, the skin surface dose information from prior studies and / or prior 2450 tomographic imaging procedures and the cumulated total for any skin surface region are presented 2451 to the user on the user interface prior to the start of the imaging procedure and / or image 2452 acquisition.2453 In one configuration, the user would ask the patient and / or guardian or health professional about 2454 the past exams in the year prior, in some cases, record such report, and / or to determine optimal 2455 orientation of imaging to ensure the patient is imaged in the geometrical configuration which does 2456 not cause harm , for example, to stay below the annual dosage recommendation for surface skin area 2457 and / or for selected VOI. 2458 In one configuration, the User Interface software may present and suggest to the UI which image 2459 angle to take, and / or the User may select from a number of options presented to proceed. For 2460 example, the user may orient the patient, and the user may move the source and detector with a 2461 mechanical means, such as an input device, for example, a joystick, or with computer user 2462 interface, once the patient and imaging configuration is in place, the user confirm the image setting 2463 for the image angle and proceed to acquire image or proceed to set the image settings for other 2464 parameters needed for image acquisition. 2465 In one configuration, based on prior study information, or data given by the patient prior to the 2466 image procedure or during the image procedure, information given to the user about prior imaging 2467 study or prior image studies, the user may acquire information sufficient to decide the image angle 2468 for the VOI to align the x ray source and / or the detector for the imaging procedure. 2469 In one configuration, The user may orient the patient to be imaged in a specific orientation relative 2470 to the x ray source and / or detector 2471 In one configuration, the user may move the source and / or detector with a mechanical means, such 2472 as an input device such as a joystick, or a mouse or with computer user interface, once the patient 2473 and imaging configuration is in place, the user confirm the image setting for the image angle and 2474 proceed to acquire image or proceed to set the image settings for other parameters needed for image 2475 acquisition. 2476 In one configuration based on the patient size, VOI size and / or skin entrance surface area of VOI 2477 relative distance to the x ray tube, the surface dosage is then monitored, recorded and / or presented 2478 on the user interface and / or computer display during the image acquisition and / or may be stored 2479 in the database, may be included structure report or stored as part of patient record and / or report 2480 of the image procedure and / or study report. 2481 In one configuration, ultrasound images or optical measurements with at least one optical sensor 2482 may be used to measure and align x ray source and / or detector to image the selected field of view 2483 for VOI to be imaged. 2484 In one configuration, ultrasound image and / or optical measurement may be used to select and 2485 estimate the segment of interest or substance of interest spatial location and estimated spatial2486 distribution, and / or x-ray tomographic images or spectral imaging method is performed on the 2487 selected VOI after the x ray source and / or its corresponding detector are aligned to image the 2488 selected VOI to further interrogate the area of the interest or the segment or component of interest. 2489 In one configuration, photoacoustic imaging and / or optical measurement and / or x ray 2490 measurement may be used to interrogate and measure depth information of VOI, and / or thickness 2491 information and / or provide composition information sufficient for aligning the x ray source and / 2492 or the detector to image a segment of a VOI , and / or perform x-ray tomographic imaging or 2493 spectral tomographic imaging to further imaging a segment of interest and / or material decompose 2494 the selected voi or selected segment to generate at least one image of at least one substance and / or 2495 generate data value for at least one parameter data for at least one substance within the VOI, 2496 In one configuration, X-ray imaging method, or x ray imaging system and / or non-transitory 2497 computer further interrogates the VOI or selected segment within with high resolution imaging in 2498 2D and / or generated 3D or up to 7D data for at least one parameter data for at least one substance 2499 2500 In one configuration, an Add on kit or modification module and / or retro fit kit is comprising at 2501 least one element of aforementioned patent and / or PCT or the present disclosure, can be added on 2502 or be an replacement for at least one element of and / or be used to modify at least one element used 2503 in or for a software, a method and / or non transitory computer of storage medium or an x ray 2504 measurement system, or any system or method relating to an application which require input data 2505 generated from data analysis and data acquisition based on x ray measurement and / or prior 2506 knowledge. 2507 In one configuration, a method and / or a kit or a retrofit kit or an addon x ray imaging and / or 2508 optical imaging module or submodule or assembly and / or related non transitory computer for 2509 storage medium or controller or microprocessor for storage medium and computing to add hardware 2510 and / or software method and / or functional and performance capabilities to a 2D x ray system or 2511 image guidance system or any 3D imaging device or, 3D imaging modalities such as tomosynthesis 2512 device or cone beam CT or any motorized x ray imaging system and / or optical imaging system for 2513 any step of a workflow involving in imaging of a VOI for at least one application in medical and / or 2514 healthcare delivery, or medical application or non medical application, is comprised of at least one 2515 or combination of any of the following 2516 Illuminate the VOI from at least one x ray source 2517 Measured the transmitted data exiting out of the VOI using at least one portion of a detector2518 generate 3D image or up to 7D image or derive 3D data or up to 7D data for at least one parameter 2519 data of at least one substance, or segment data and / or image for any or image for at least one 2520 substance contained in the VOI to improve at least one step of non medical or medical method and / 2521 or apparatus or procedure in work flow time or accuracy and / or functionality or performance from 2522 at least one measurement of VOI 2523 generate 3D image or up to 7D image of an VOI or 3D data or 7D data for at least one parameter 2524 data of at least one substance with at least one measurement generated from x ray source from one 2525 projection angle of x ray source or detector relative to a VOI 2526 improved 3D data or 3D images based on or derived from 2D data or 2D image derived from image 2527 or measurement with scatter reduced or scatter removed down to less than 1% or less than 5% or 2528 less than 10% of primary x ray image or data or simply scatter removed approximately 100% 2529 generate standardized 2D and / or 3D or up to 7D data for at least one parameter data of at least one 2530 substance in VOI in each step of the work flow 2531 generate 2D data map or u p to 7D data map or image for at least one substance from at least one x 2532 ray measurement and / or at least one optical measurement 2533 generate time resolved 3D or up to 7D data for at least one parameter data for at least one substance 2534 in VOI or images generated from at least one x ray measurement and / or at least one optical 2535 measurement of the VOI 2536 generate time resolved 3D or up to 7D image data from any of the above data 2537 generate motion artifact removed 3D or up to 7D data for at least one parameter data of at least one 2538 substance or images generated from any of the above data and / or from at least one x ray 2539 measurement and / or at least one optical measurement 2540 use subtraction to generate data map for at least one parameter data for at least one substance at 2541 different time intervals or at least one stage or stages or at the same time of a cycled event or activity 2542 in time and / or space and / or frequency domain, and / or before and after and / or during at least 2543 one chemical reaction or energy or thermal treatment or response and / or response to 2544 administration of at least one factor or under varied condition based on measurement and / or 2545 images taken of the at least one substance at at least two different time points 2546 use material decomposition of at least images or measurements or data from measurements of VOI 2547 at at least two energy levels to generate images or data for at least one parameter data of at least one 2548 substance 25492550 In one configuration, to generate value for a parameter data for at least one substance within VOI for 2551 analysis of characteristics in space or in time and / or in frequency domain of one or combination of 2552 any of the following 2553 structure, or distribution, or chemical reaction or electronical or bioelectrical or electromagnetic or 2554 circuit or network effect or dynamic characteristic or movement or fluidic or flow characteristics of 2555 at least one parameter data for one substance or at least two substances within a VOI or within a 2556 lumen or cavity of a VOI 2557 2558 In one configuration, any of the element described can be used in an Industrial application such as in 2559 Farming 2560 in one configuration, aforementioned x ray imaging system, and / or non transitory computer for 2561 storage medium and / or at least one method is used in an application pertaining to farming and / or 2562 agriculture and / or food processing industry 2563 in one configuration, the VOI is a portion of a plant 2564 in one configuration, the lumen is comprised of sap or Root mucilage of a portion of the plant. 2565 In one configuration, one Parameter Data of at least one substance or at least two substances 2566 includes one or more of the following 2567 2568 In one configuration, a parameter data is a synthesized and / or extracted image or simulated or 2569 derived data, which can be generated using at least one other parameter data such as density value, 2570 mass value or electron value or dimension , attenuation value derived from measured intensity for at 2571 least one substance in the VOI of the imaged subject. 2572 2573 In one configuration, the value of a parameter data for at least a physical property, chemical 2574 property or electrical property electromagnetic property or energy treated property and / or in the 2575 domain of spatial and / or temporal and / or frequency and / or connectivity and / or function 2576 characteristics and / or a parameter derived from any or combination of any, for at least one 2577 substance, such as density, mass, electron or at least one dimension on the x ray beam projection 2578 passing through the VOI, attenuation value or data of a parameter data for at least a physical 2579 property, chemical property, electrical property or electromagnetic property or energy treated 2580 property and / or domain and / or connectivity and / or function characteristics and / or a 2581 parameter derived from any or combination of any , in the spatial, and / or time and / or frequency 2582 domain2583 is derived from measured intensity for at least one substance in the VOI or can be synthesized, 2584 simulated, or extracted or derived. 2585 In one configuration, any of the data aforementioned is a parameter data for at least one substance 2586 2587 In one configuration, in some cases, in reconstruction, a parameter data such as aforementioned , 2588 such as density value or mass value or electron value or attenuation value or measured intensity 2589 for at least one substance or a derivative of any, such as molecular number and / or radiodensity and 2590 / or density in Hounsfield unit and / or of combination of any, or the image generated from any, 2591 is used as data input , as 1D or 2D spatial data for the selected at least one parameter data for at 2592 least one substance for 3D or up to 7D reconstruction to generate 3D or up to 7D spatial data and / 2593 or 3D or up to 7D image data for the at least one parameter data for at least one substance. 2594 2595 In one configuration, in reconstruction, or spatial data derivation, a parameter data is ratio of 2596 density value or of mass value or of electron value, or of attenuation value or measured intensity 2597 for at least one substance to that for at least one another substance, or a parameter data derived from 2598 any or of combination of any, is used as data input , as 1D or 2D spatial data for the selected 2599 parameter for at least one substance in 3D or up to 7D reconstruction to generate 3D or up to 7D 2600 spatial data or 3D or up to 7D image data for at least one parameter for at least one substance. 2601 2602 In one configuration, a parameter data is a ratio of substances, such as ratio of density value or ratio 2603 of mass value or ratio of electron value, or ratio of attenuation value or ratio of measured intensity 2604 for at least one substance to that for at least one another substance, or the percentage of substance 2605 within a VOI or relative to at least one other substance in a point projection volume or 1D or 2D or 2606 3D or up to 7D space or a parameter data derived from any or of combination of any, such as an 2607 attenuation value and / or image data or synthesized data or simulated data or extracted data for at 2608 least one substance in point, or 1D or 2D or 3D or up to 7D space. 2609 2610 In one configuration, in some cases, value of the selected parameter data for at least one substance is 2611 used to generate an image for the substance, which can be a new parameter data for the substance as 2612 well. 2613 2614 In one configuration, a parameter data for at least one substance is a change or change rate or 2615 response or response rate in density value or mass value or electron value attenuation value or2616 measured intensity for at least one substance or ratio of at least two substances for at least one 2617 parameter or a derivative of any or of combination of any or the image generated from any. 2618 In one configuration, a parameter data for at least one substance in the VOI can be used as data 2619 input in 1D or 2D spatial data for the selected parameter for 3D or up to 7D reconstruction to 2620 generate 3D or up to 7D spatial data for at least one parameter for at least one substance or for at 2621 least one parameter data value for a combined material comprising at least the said two substances 2622 2623 In one configuration, x ray system or no transitory computer and / or a method In data processing 2624 and / or validation and / or verification and / or qualification and / or identification, and / or 2625 quantification and / or characterization and / or presentation of at least one parameter data value for 2626 at least one substance within the VOI, to be used for 2627 signal processing and / or integration with data and operating program of another instrument. such 2628 as a spatial positioning of a portion of robotic instrument or intervention guidance for intervention 2629 instrument or biopsy probe or a catheters or a guide wire or implant placement, and / or energy 2630 treatment or therapeutics, or adjustment or controlling of at least one setting or parameter in the 2631 operation of energy based therapeutic device or minimal invasive device or surgical instrument, is 2632 comprising of one or combination of any of the following: 2633 In one configuration, a parameter data such as an image for at least one substance can be generated 2634 by at least one x ray measurement and / or at least x ray measurements of at least dual energy of a 2635 VOI, or a parameter data value comprised of an image for at least one substance in a VOI can be 2636 replaced or represented and / or converted to and / or generated by point or 1D or 2D or 3D or up 2637 to 7D spatial and / or temporal data value of a selected parameter data for at least a physical 2638 property, chemical property, electrical property or electromagnetic property or energy treated 2639 property and / or spatial and / or temporal and / or connectivity in time, or frequency or space with 2640 the same substance or another substance and / or function characteristics and / or a parameter 2641 derived from any or combination of any for at least one substance 2642 In one configuration, a parameter data such as point, 1D or 2D or 3D image or up to 7D image for at 2643 least one substance can be represented by and / or converted to and / or generated by or generate 2644 3D or up to 7D spatial data value of a selected parameter data for at least one substance and / or 2645 vice versa 2646 In one configuration, Scatter Removal includes one or more of the following2647 In one configuration, the x ray imaging system, and / or a non transitory computer, and / or a 2648 method involved in a scatter removal or reduction, is comprising at least one or more or combination 2649 of any of the following 2650 Spatial domain scatter removal using interpolation method 2651 Time domain scatter removal using time of flight sensor and source 2652 Frequency domain scatter removal using primary modulator 2653 Spectral domain scatter removal using beam attenuation material which attenuates x ray beam of 2654 different energy levels or wavelengths such as between 0- 150kV or 0-500kv better than 99%, or 2655 better than 99.9% or better 99.99% or better than 99.999% or approximately 100% 2656 Scatter to primary ratio can be reduced to less than 0.1% 2657 Scatter to primary ratio can be reduced to less than 1% 2658 Scatter to primary ratio can be reduced to less than 5% 2659 2660 In one configuration, an x ray imaging system, non transitory computer as a storage medium for 2661 images and image processing and / or imaging methods involved in a spectral imaging system and 2662 methods for material decomposition is comprised of at least one or more or combination of any of 2663 the following: 2664 Generate a projection illumination passing through a portion of VOI from the at least one x ray 2665 source from the at least one x ray emitting position relative to the VOI 2666 Measure the VOI with at least one substance or known substance of known thickness and / or 2667 density and / or mass or known dimension on at least one pixel of a detector 2668 Interpolation and / or extrapolation to generate calibration dataset relating or correlating 2669 attenuation data at two different energy levels of VOI of a thickness and / or substances 2670 approximately the same to the known material comprising at least one known substance to mass or 2671 density or dimension and / or at least one parameter data for at least one substance to establish 2672 energy response function system specific to the portion of VOI measured by the at least one said 2673 pixel. 2674 in Dual energy or multiple energy material decomposition of a subject containing two or more 2675 substance, look up the calibration database to generate a parameter data value and / or image for at 2676 least one substance 2677 In one configuration, Substance image can be a mass or electron data based image or generated from 2678 a mass value or a related value or a derivative of any for at least one substance derived from at least 2679 one measurement of the VOI2680 In one configuration, Substance image can be a density image and / or an image of its derivative 2681 value or generated from a density value derived from a measurement. 2682 In one configuration, Iterative dual energy decomposition and / or linearized method is used in 2683 multiple energy and / or multiple substances decomposition to generate data and / or image for at 2684 least one parameter data for one substance contained in a VOI 2685 In one configuration, A database is comprising of at least one calibration dataset 2686 In one configuration, A dataset or database comprising at least one parameter data value for at least 2687 one substance contained in a VOI and is relating to the thickness of the VOI and / or derived from 2688 the measurement of at least one pixel collecting projection measurement of the VOI 2689 In one configuration, the parameter data is density and / or mass or electron or thickness and / or 2690 a related parameter or a derived parameter of any or combination of any, and / or spatial position 2691 information of the phantom and / or actual material or actual subject is established 2692 2693 In one configuration, A database relating or converting or providing allocation rule or correlating 2694 measurement and / or attenuation value of VOI to at least one parameter value for at least one 2695 substance or for converting data derived from at least one measured value such as attenuation value 2696 and / or stopping power and / or intensity value and / or x ray input intensity and / or related 2697 parameter data and / or combination of any, and / or derivative of any, measurement of VOI 2698 containing at least one substance at at least one energy level and / or at least two energy level to the 2699 value of at least one parameter data of at least one substance 2700 In one configuration, A calibration dataset and / or energy response function system, is stored in a 2701 database, is comprising at least one parameter data value for at least one substance, wherein the 2702 parameter data value is density and / or mass or electron or thickness and / or a related parameter 2703 or a derived parameter of any or combination of any, and / or spatial position information of the 2704 phantom and / or actual material or actual subject and / or VOI and / or relative to x ray source or 2705 optical source or a reference marker and / or detector, is established, 2706 In one configuration, the calibration dataset is derived from extrapolation and / or interpolation of 2707 measurement data points to a set of possibility and / or solution for at least one parameter data for at 2708 least one substance and / or for at least two substances 2709 In one configuration, the calibration dataset is stored in the database relating or converting or 2710 providing allocation rule and / or correlating data in point, or 1D or 2D or 3D or up to 7D derived 2711 from measurement of VOI of a thickness and containing at least one or more substance of a 2712 thickness on at least one pixel or at least one pixel region at at least two energy levels, such as2713 attenuation value and / or stopping power and / or intensity value and / or x ray input intensity and 2714 / or related data or parameter and / or combination of any at at least two energy levels and / or 2715 derivative of any of VOI containing at least two substances to the value of at least one parameter 2716 data of at least one substance 2717 In one configuration, a known material is a material or substance which has known atomic z and / or 2718 density and / or mass and / or thickness and / or electron level and / or derivative of any and / or 2719 combination of any 2720 In one configuration, the calibration dataset is further comprised of interpolated values and / or 2721 extrapolated values of data of measurements at at least one energy level and / or at least two or 2722 more energy levels and / or image processed data derived from the measurement such as 2723 reconstructed data in 3D up to 7D and / or scatter removed or scatter reduced data and / or 2724 attenuation value and / or stopping power and / or intensity data of a portion of VOI relating to a 2725 pixel or pixel region and / or a thickness and / or and / or its corresponding parameter values for at 2726 least one substance contained within the VOI to at least one parameter value for at least one 2727 substance within VOI and / or a derivative of at least one parameter value of the substance and / or 2728 at least one parameter value relating at least two substances within VOI in the x ray or optical beam 2729 path for the generation of measurement or measurements. 2730 In one configuration, the calibration dataset is further comprised of extrapolated values derived for 2731 at least one energy level derived from attenuation value or stopping power or intensity of 2732 measurement and / or x ray input power and / or any of the derivatives and / or calculated value of 2733 at least one or combination of any of the VOI based on the measured data of VOI and / or at least 2734 one correlated parameter value for at least one substance within VOI. 2735 In one configuration, the calibration dataset is further comprise of data generated from interpolation 2736 and / or extrapolation to establish nonlinear energy response equation system and / or linear 2737 energy response equation system respectively for converting attenuation value or stopping power or 2738 intensity of measurement and / or x ray input power or intensity and / or derivatives of any, or 2739 combination of any and / or calculated and / or signal processed value derived of any data 2740 described or combination of any data of generated of VOI based on the measured data of VOI and / 2741 or that of portion of phantom with known substances, each with known thickness and / or density, 2742 which is on the same beam path for the measurement and / or its correlating parameter values for 2743 at least one substance within VOI in at least one pixel 2744 The relationship and / or correlating relationship is related to the thickness of VOI and / or 2745 phantom and / or thickness of the substance measured.2746 2747 In one configuration, the parameter data or the at least one parameter data is generated from at least 2748 one measurement 2749 In one configuration, the parameter data for at least one substance is the subset of filtered parameter 2750 data for at least one substance 2751 In one configuration, the subset or filter parameter data value is a parameter data value for at least 2752 one substance spatial frequency, and / or time and / or space and / or frequency domain 2753 In one configuration, the filtered parameter data is in the frequency domain, and the filter is for 2754 frequency range selection 2755 In one configuration, the filtered parameter data is data range of variation and / or response or 2756 response rate or change or change rate of at least one parameter data value for at least one substance 2757 in the time and / or spatial and / or frequency domain. 2758 For example, an image of a VOI containing flowing channel and liquid flowing through, such as 2759 blood in blood vessel and / or contents in lymphatic system and / or food in the GI or blood in heart 2760 chamber or liquid or fluid diffusing between tissues and / or between cells or in the extracellular 2761 matrix or between intracellular content and extracellular matrix or liquid diffusing through blood 2762 and brain barrier and / or blood and tissue barrier. 2763 Based on The at least one measurement of the VOI, or at least two measurements of the VOI in 2764 different time periods, the data relating to at least one substance within the flowing channel can be 2765 generated and filtered out or extracted based on variation in space, or spatial frequency, and / or in 2766 time and / or in frequency of at least one parameter data for at least one substance 2767 At least one substance having the derived value for at least one parameter data from the at least one 2768 or two measurements can be separated from at least one other substance or cluster or complex of 2769 the substance of varied size or spatial distribution and / or distribution in time or in frequency based 2770 on the value range and / or variation from and / or deviation from a least one parameter data of 2771 other substance or that of the same substance with different value for at least one different parameter 2772 data , such as dimension, density or mass or electron or molecular composition ratio with at least 2773 one other substance in a cluster or complex form in spatial and / or in frequency domain and / or in 2774 time domain . 2775 2776 for example, at at least one flow rate, nanoparticles and / or nanobubbles and / or nanobubble 2777 induced clusters and / or microbubbles and / or molecules and / or molecular complexes and / or2778 cells of one or more types of at least one size or dimension or varied size or dimension, may be 2779 differentiated based on flow characteristics and / or dynamic movement characteristics 2780 the each portion of substance differentiated based on at least parameter data may be representative 2781 or quantitatively related to at least one approximately same and / or related and / or derived 2782 parameter data of the VOI and / or that of material that the substance is part of, 2783 In some cases, such portion of the substance within the VOI providing a method or at least partial 2784 input or factor for characterization and derivation of the approximately the same or related 2785 parameter data of the material and / or that of the VOI 2786 for example, if one substance within the blood is differentiated based on its flow characteristics in 2787 time, or space or frequency, the flow characteristics of the blood can be characterized sufficiently in 2788 heart chamber and / or in blood vessel and / or in capillaries. 2789 In one configurated the extracted parameter data and value for at least one substance and / or for the 2790 material and / or for the VOI from at least one measurement and / or at least two measurements of 2791 VOI and / or at least two measurements from at least two different energy levels and / or at least 2792 two measurements from electromagnetic wave or photon generated from plurality of light or x ray 2793 emitting points is signal processed and / or reconstructed in 3D or up to 7D space 2794 In one configuration, The signal processed and / or reconstructed parameter data for at least one 2795 substance is used for characterize and / or identify and quantify the at least one substance and / or 2796 its flow characteristics and / or its presence and / or its kinetic characteristics or dynamic 2797 characteristics and / or that of at least one substance or tissue interacting and / or containing it, 2798 2799 For example, characterization and identification and / or quantification of at least one parameter 2800 data such as dynamic properties of at least one substance with flow characteristics, such as blood, 2801 or hemoglobin’s and / or metal cations and / or metabolites within blood traveling through blood 2802 vessel and / or heart may be used to characterize blood lumen and / or blood vessel and / or 2803 structure and / or connectivity and / or function of at least one portion of a body part, the heart, 2804 such as heart valve and / or heart tissue , or brain activity and / or function, structure and 2805 connectivity of at least one portion of brain 2806 2807 In one configuration, the parameter data for at least one substance is data generated from signal 2808 processing of measurement and / or material decomposition based on the measurement of VOI at 2809 single or dual and / or multiple energy levels2810 In one configuration, the parameter data for at least one substance is extracted from data generated 2811 from material decomposition based on the measurement and / or signal processed data derived 2812 from at least one measurement of VOI at single or dual and / or multiple energy levels, based on 2813 dynamic characteristics and / or variation in dynamic characteristics, or at least one parameter data 2814 for at least one substance in time and / or in space and / or in frequency domain 2815 In one configuration, the variation in dynamic characteristics is derived from subtraction of at least 2816 two measurements of the same VOI and / or two parameter data values derived from at least two 2817 measurements of the same VOI at different time points 2818 2819 In one configuration, the measurement is optical measurement 2820 In one configuration, the measurement is x ray measurement 2821 2822 In one configuration, the calibration data is comprising of measurement and / or derivative of the 2823 measured values and / or allocation rule to convert data related to or derived from the measurement 2824 of a VOI to the corresponding at least one parameter value of at least one substance contained within 2825 an VOI 2826 In one configuration, the calibration dataset is established with measurement of essentially no scatter 2827 or low scatter and / or the measurement of the actual material or the imaged subject essentially has 2828 no scatter or low scatter interference and / or the measurement is image processed to remove scatter 2829 or reduce scatter in the time or space and / or frequency domain, for example using interpolation of 2830 low resolution scatter image, and / or using beam blocker array and / or using ultrafast and / or 2831 time of flight x ray source and detector pair 2832 2833 In one configuration, the calibration dataset is established with data derived from measurements of 2834 phantom comprising one or more known substances and / or image processed to remove or reduce 2835 scatter , interpolation to generate the complete data set and / or 2836 In one configuration, the calibration dataset is established by the measurement of the actual material 2837 and / or the imaged subject is essentially has no scatter or low scatter interference and / or the 2838 measurement is image processed to remove scatter or reduce scatter, extrapolate to generate dataset 2839 for an larger datapoint correlating value of virtual measurements of VOI and / or data derived from 2840 the measurement and the correlated parameter data value for at least one substance contained within 2841 VOI , spatially positioned to be on the x ray illumination beam path which generated the 2842 measurement on at least one pixel or pixel region.2843 In one configuration, At least a phantom which comprises of at least one known material with at 2844 least one substance with at least one known parameter data value such as density or mass or atomic 2845 z or effective atomic z or electron level, or dimension, or related parameter or derivative of any and / 2846 or combination of any for at least one substance or combination of two or more known substances, 2847 each is known substance 2848 2849 In one configuration, in application of Breast Cancer Diagnosis, it includes one or more of the 2850 following 2851 In one configuration, a x ray measurement system, and / or at least one no transitory computer for 2852 storage medium and / or a method for breast cancer diagnosis, is comprised of 2853 In one configuration, in breast imaging to generate a fact such as a diagnosis of cancerous tumor, a 2854 dual energy method is used to separate lean and fat tissue, and the amount of micro calcification can 2855 be generated and derived and estimated. 2856 Two images are generated from one relative spatial position for the x ray emitting position relative 2857 to the VOI, each at a different energy level, for example, 40 – 60 kV or one at 60 -95kV. 2858 In one configuration, 3D reconstruction from at least one measurement at at least one energy level 2859 Material decomposition at a voxel level of VOI using attenuation values of the voxel generated from 2860 at least two energy levels and / or at least one parameter data for at least one substance 2861 In one configuration, material decomposition to generate at least one parameter data for at least one 2862 substance or two substances, lean and / or fat tissue 2863 In one configuration, 3D reconstruction of at least one substance, lean and / or fat tissue and / or to 2864 generate an image or data, from which, the spatial position of the microcalcification and / or its 2865 spatial distribution can be derived based on the disruption of slow varying characteristics of fat and / 2866 or lean tissue in time, and / or in space and / or in the frequency domain 2867 For example, and spatial location based on the position and / or spatial location of the 2868 microcalcification which is estimated to be embedded in each of the substance. 2869 In one configuration, the ratio of the substances, between lean and fat tissue based on density or 2870 mass or electron or related parameter data derived from any can be derived based on the spatial 2871 location of microcalcification . 2872 In one configuration, Biomarker signature comprising at least one parameter data for at least one 2873 substance can be an indicator for breast cancer and / or stage of breast cancer, or any cancer 2874 In one configuration, a parameter data for at least one substance or two or more substance is one 2875 or more of the following2876 molecular composition or ratio between the substances or percentage of one substance out of the 2877 rest of the molecular complex, and / or ratio of molecular number for each substances in a voxel 2878 and / or in a spatially distributed region and / or in at least one substance and / or in at least one 2879 other substance and / or in spatial position relative to at least one other tissue and / or in at least one 2880 portion of an organ, such as breast, and / or in at least one tissue of the organ such as lean tissue and 2881 / or in volumes where there are high density of blood vessel or higher density of blood vessels and / 2882 or abnormal blood vessel spatial distribution and / or pattern and / or abnormal cell distribution 2883 and / or at least one parameter for at least one substance, such as density and / or derivation of any 2884 and combination of any , 2885 wherein normal and / or abnormal value or data range for a parameter data is stored in a database , 2886 and / or each can be derived from measurement of exo and / or in vivo tissue of patient confirmed 2887 with illness and / or normal and / or control individuals and / or derived from physical 2888 measurement of the tissue of patient and / or normal or control individuals and / or data derived 2889 from measurement of x ray and / or other modalities and / or data of prior knowledge 2890 In one configuration, the microcalcification may be more abundant on the lean tissue, therefore 2891 creating a lower percentage of lean tissue compared to fat and / or compared to all substances, 2892 relative to that of lean tissue in the adjacent regions. 2893 In one configuration, the slow varying or low frequency variation of content in at least 1D or up to 2894 6D space is disrupted wherein the presence of microcalcification significantly changes the fat and / 2895 or lean tissue ratio and / or mass or density of each of the substances in a spatially distributed 2896 volume 2897 In one configuration, the level of variation and / or frequency of the variation may be derived from 2898 at least one or a plurality of patient compared to the normal control population or at least one normal 2899 healthy subject. 2900 Diagnosis or prescreening or risk factor evaluation of the breast cancer can be accomplished. 2901 In one configuration, such a method and / or apparatus and / or non transitory computer can be 2902 used for diagnosis of other type of cancers, 2903 With exception of the organ or tissue and / or spatial position within the imaged subject is specific 2904 to the cancer type, for example primary site and second site of the cancer instead of breast 2905 2906 Extending the method above to a general application2907 In one configuration, the method or x ray imaging system and / or non transitory computer for 2908 storage medium of algorithms, database and / or method or digital program described can be used 2909 to detect at least one component within VOI of an imaged subject, 2910 In one configuration, the component is comprising a number of at least one or combination of any 2911 of the following: molecules or contaminants or metal cations or metal or glass or substances made 2912 of calcium or devoid of substance or injury or a part of instrument or implant or a probe or a foreign 2913 body or uric acid or kidney stone or gall stone or lesion, 2914 In one configuration, the imaged subject is a fruit or a part of plant, or food, or drug or drug powder 2915 in a capsule or without capsule, wherein the method to screen contaminant is approximately the 2916 same as the method for detecting contaminants and / or macrocalcification and / or at least one 2917 substance in breast cancer 2918 In one configuration, to establish at least one portion of the calibration dataset, a phantom 2919 comprising of at least one substance contained in the imaged subject is placed between the detector 2920 and / or the x ray source, and on the x ray beam path passing through the component such as the 2921 microcalcification complex, collected by at least one pixel of the detector 2922 In one configuration, the phantom used outside of the beam path or used to establish the calibration 2923 data set at a time different than the imaging procedure, the calibration dataset may be comprised at 2924 least partially of measurement data generated and / or conversion or allocation rule generated from 2925 the phantom comprising at least combination of the substances within the beam path of the 2926 component, for example, a substance that is contained in the component or approximately the same 2927 value and / or quantitative relatable value to that of at least one or more substances, for example, 2928 highly attenuating or highly scattering substance , in the component, such as calcium, or bone or 2929 metal, for example in effective atomic Z , having value or value range in thickness or mass or 2930 density or product of thickness and / or density or total mass along the thickness or accumulated 2931 mass along the projection path, as well as the other substance or substances such as the lean and / or 2932 fat tissue or soft tissue, are in beam path for each measurement to establish the calibration dataset. 2933 2934 To improve accuracy of quantitative data for each substance 2935 In one configuration, microcalcification or calcification and / or bone or metal related data or 2936 related image or image measured and / or data derived from measured image in at least one pixel 2937 can be generated through measurement of two different energy levels , such as high energy and 2938 medium energy to separate microcalcification or calcium and / or bone related data from that of2940 material can be achieved. 29412942 based substance based on spatial data of the calcium based substance, from the 3D data or 3D 2943 image, 2944 In one configuration, the data relating to soft tissue is evaluated and / or quantified to generate value 2945 for at least one parameter data in 3D and / or 2D or 1D or from a volumetric data of the VOI 2946 corresponding to measurement of VOI at least from one pixel 2947 In one configuration, the high energy level is approximately from 100 to 150 kV or up to 500 kV. 2948 In one configuration, the medium energy is approximately 70 -90 kV or 60 kv to 90kV 2949 In one configuration, the establishment of the calibration dataset is at approximately the same 2950 settings as with that of the actual measurements of the imaged subject. 2951 2952 In one configuration, the 3D image or 3D data or 3D data map for at least one substance or for each 2953 substance or for the VOI may be obtained from a plurality of measurement, such as two or more 2954 sets of dual energy or multiple energy measurement of the VOI, each set at a plurality of relative 2955 spatial location of x ray emitting position to the VOI. 2956 In one configuration, The varied spatial position may be at an approximately interval, accomplished 2957 by, for example, the movement of the x ray emitting position and / or the movement of the VOI for 2958 generating the set of measurements of VOI 2959 In one configuration, total number of the movement or total number of relative spatial positions is 2960 approximately quantitatively related to the thickness of at least one substance along at least one 2961 dimension and / or quantitively related to the resolution along at least one dimension 2962 In one configuration, total number of the movement or total number of relative spatial positions is 2963 approximately positively quantitatively related to the thickness of at least one substance along at 2964 least one dimension and / or inversely related to or negatively quantitatively related to the 2965 resolution along at least one dimension 2966 In one configuration, the total number of relative spatial position and location of the relative spatial 2967 position of x ray emitting position relative to the VOI may be vary based on the requirement of the 2968 application , for example to increase resolution and / or to acquire additional measurements to 2969 replace missing data or increase accuracy or provide better access to the field of view.2970 In one configuration, the one dimension is along the x ray projection line or is the third dimension 2971 of the VOI and / or the geometric configuration of the imaging system, wherein the first two 2972 dimensions are xy, approximately parallel to the detector. 2973 In configuration, for an approximately complete 3D reconstruction, the total angle between the 2974 relative spatial position of the x ray emitting position to the VOI is less than 10 degrees or 5 degrees 2975 or less than 2 degree or 1 degree. 2976 In one configuration, the total angle may be larger than 10 degree when the resolution and / or 2977 accuracy is not so critical. 2978 2979 In one configuration, the total angle between the relative spatial positions of the x ray emitting 2980 position to the VOI or to the isocenter of the VOI or to at least one voxel within the VOI is between 2981 1 to 180 degrees if the 3D to 7D reconstruction is based on data value of density and / or at least 2982 one parameter data for at least one substance 2983 2984 In one configuration, using material decomposition method and / or spectral imaging method and 2985 apparatus described in this disclosure , the total angle between the relative spatial positions of the x 2986 ray emitting position to the VOI and / or the isocenter of VOI and / or to at least one voxel within 2987 VOI is between 1 and 180 degrees for 3D to 7D reconstruction 2988 2989 In one configuration, 3D reconstruction may comprise of solving for multiple variable equations 2990 simultaneously using at least one parameter data value for at least one substance in VOI for 2D data 2991 or data in each voxel 2992 In one configuration, The data value for the input value for each 2d image or 2D data could be 2993 attenuation value or stopping power or intensity value combined with x ray input intensity or related 2994 data or combination of any or derivative of any derived from the measurements and / or at least one 2995 parameter data for at least one substance from a database or a calibration dataset in a database 2996 derived from material decomposition using dual energy or multiple energy method or spectral 2997 imaging method in 2D and / or 3D. 2998 In one configuration, 3D reconstruction incorporates radon transform or Fourier transform 2999 algorithms and / or solving multiple variable linear equation method or Fourier transform method 3000 alone 3001 In one configuration, such algorithms can reduce the total number of relative spatial position needed 3002 for reconstruction of 3D3003 In one configuration, 3D reconstruction can be from at two sets or three sets or up to 5 sets of 3004 measurements at varied energy levels of VOI 3005 In one configuration, each set of measurements are at a different relative spatial position of x ray 3006 emitting position to that of isocenter of VOI or at least one voxel within VOI or VOI 3007 3008 Phantom for generating conversion of measurement data and / or data related to VOI and 3009 measurement method such as x ray attenuation value or optical attenuation value to at least one 3010 parameter data for at least one substance, such as density and / or mass and / or electron and / or 3011 molecular number and / or at least one physical or chemical or electrical or electrochemical or 3012 electromagnetic property of VOI or substance contained within 3013 In one configuration, At least one phantom which have at least one region of known material, one 3014 region of x ray transmitting window 3015 In one configuration, At least one phantom, comprising at least one region of at least one material, at 3016 least one region of at least one combination of at least two or more substances, and / or at least one 3017 region of x ray transmitting window, or x ray transparent material 3018 In one configuration, x ray system, non-transitory computer for storage and processing and imaging 3019 method comprising at least one or more or combination of any of the following 3020 x ray emitting position and / or its center ray is aligned with the detector using optical means, 3021 automatically or x ray method automatically 3022 aperture of the collimator may be calibrated and aligned with the center ray of x ray using optical 3023 methods or x ray method 3024 In one configuration, 3D beam blocker array or phantom is comprising a plurality of beam blocker 3025 or beam attenuating material distributed with the phantom or the 3D structure with known relative 3026 distance and / or geometry 3027 In one configuration, 3D beam blocker array may be used for alignment of x ray source center ray 3028 and a portion of detector 3029 In one configuration, 2D or 3D beam blocker array or calibration object of known geometry, and / or 3030 with known relative geometry between beam blockers, may be used for derivation of alignment 3031 parameters of x ray source center ray, beam passing through collimator aperture and a portion of 3032 detector 3033 In one configuration, 2D or 3D beam blocker array or phantom may be motorized and / or a part of 3034 the collimator assembly3035 In one configuration, 3D beam blocker array or phantom may be used by a user, placed in the beam 3036 path by a user 3037 In one configuration, At least one 2D beam blocker array with known geometric configuration and 3038 spatial positions between the beam blockers can be used for alignment of x ray beam or x ray source 3039 to at least one portion of the detector, at least some of said beam blocker is sufficiently small that 3040 only pixel or one pixel region is in the shadows of said beam blockers. 3041 In one configuration, 2D beam blockers with known geometrical configuration relative to at least a 3042 number of pixels on one front detector at distributed positions, is used as phantom to align or 3043 positioning the x ray source or its reference ray relative to a portion of the detector, 3044 The alignment is defined as derivation of parameters relating x ray emitting source spatial position 3045 to at least one pixel or pixel region of the detector and / or may include the alignment of relative 3046 spatial position of at least one segment of the substance within VOI or at least one voxel within the 3047 VOI to at least one x ray emitting position and / or at least one pixel or pixel region of the detector. 3048 3049 Calibration of x ray source alignment with detector or detectors in an x ray measurement system 3050 with a dual detector assembly or a front detector is added in the calibration of alignment 3051 In one configuration, a dual detector apparatus may be used in x ray measurement wherein the front 3052 detector can be transmissive to the x ray beam, 3053 In one configuration, Second detector or rear detector is on the opposite side of the x ray source. 3054 In one configuration, The second or rear detector has a fixed geometric relationship with the front 3055 detector 3056 In one configuration, using geometric calculations, with 3D reconstruction, with derivation of 3057 relative spatial locations and / or with known spatial location of a selected region or at number of 3058 selected reference marker and / or selected pixels of the front detector and of the second detector 3059 are used in generation of alignment parameters relating to spatial positions relative to the x ray 3060 emitting positions and / or x ray source and / or center ray of the x ray source and / or reference 3061 ray of x ray source and / or relative to the portion of the detectors. 3062 In one configuration, the fixed geometric relationship between a pixel or pixel regions or selected 3063 reference marker on the front and second or rear detector are used to determine the alignment of at 3064 least one detector relative to the x ray source and / or x ray emitting position and / or VOI. 3065 the alignment information and / or said relative spatial positions and / or geometric information can 3066 be used in image processing and / or 3D reconstruction method. 30673068 In one configuration, a mass image can be generated by multiplying the volume of a density of at 3069 least one or more or combination of any voxel and / or averaging. 3070 For example for a slice image or data in sagittal, coronal or axial orientation is generated from a 3D 3071 image and / or 3D data comprising value of at least one parameter data for at least one substance , 3072 Select a thickness level, and / or location of the slice within the 3d volume 3073 there may be two or more voxels along thickness of the slice corresponding to a pixel or pixel region 3074 or a x ray beam path, and / or corresponding to estimated virtual x ray projection of the voxels 3075 within the slice, the mass of the selected voxels is calculated by the total number of voxels 3076 multiplied by the density of the voxel if density is the approximately the same in each voxel or by 3077 summation of mass in each voxel, 3078 mass in each voxel is calculated by the volume of voxel multiplied by the density 3079 in one configuration, image based on attenuation value and / or at least one parameter data for at 3080 least one segment of at least one substance or a portion of VOI can be calculated and derived in the 3081 same way. 3082 mass or density image or attenuation can also be generated by averaging mass or density or 3083 attenuation respectively of each voxel within the selected slice to generate a sliced image. 3084 A synthesized and / or extracted image or simulated or derived data can be generated using density , 3085 mass or electron or related parameter or derivative of any or combination of any or image of any, 3086 or image based on attenuation value or measured intensity for at least one selected segment of at 3087 least one substance 3088 In one configuration, density image, mass image or image based on attenuation value or measured 3089 intensity for at least one substance can be synthesized, simulated, or extracted or derived or 3090 displayed 3091 In one configuration, at least one tomographic imaging systems, and / or at least one non-transitory 3092 computer and / or imaging method, comprises at least at least one or more or combination of any of 3093 the following: 3094 at least one relative x ray emitting position or at least one x ray source and / or at least one detector 3095 to the volume of interest and / or a portion of at least one detector moves in one axis or linearly, or in 3096 two dimension or up to 6 dimensions in a 6D space 3097 in one configuration, scatter is reduced or approximately removed from the images and / or related 3098 mass data or or electron or mass data or density data used for 3D image and / or data processing and 3099 reconstruction.3100 In one configuration, spectral imaging method using at least one energy, or dual energy or multiple 3101 energy levels are used in 3D imaging to generate image and / or data in 3D for at least one 3102 parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance 3103 3104 In one configuration, A 3D imaging system, and / or non-transitory computer and methods where x 3105 ray emitting position moves in at least two dimensions relative to the volume of interest in an object 3106 and / or the detector in a minimized step size of approximately Xc to provide projection 3107 measurements of VOI to achieve 3D data map or image of approximately resolution Xc along the or 3108 a resolution for at least one segment of at least one substance or at least one component and / or for 3109 at least one portion of VOI. 3110 In one configuration, Total movement of x ray source and / or segment of the substance within VOI 3111 relative to a reference marker and / or relative to each other or relative to another segment of a 3112 substance or relative to the VOI is only less than 2 degrees or 1 degree or 5 degrees or less than 3cm 3113 squared or less than 5 cm squared or 9cm squared or 25 cm squared in a 2D dimension or 1cm 3114 cubed or 2cm cubed in order to approximately completely reconstruct the 3D image and / or 3D 3115 data of the VOI or for at least one segment of substance within the VOI 3116 In one configuration, moving linearly or one dimension, the total distance traveled may be the same 3117 approximately as the total thickness of the portion of VOI to be imaged, to generate an accurate 3D 3118 image of the segment of interest within the VOI 3119 In one configuration, the total distance traveled by the source or the ROI may be approximately the 3120 same as the total thickness of component or individual substances or unknown regions to be 3121 resolved. 3122 In one configuration, The thickness measurement or thickness of VOI or the thickness of at least one 3123 substance within VOI or the thickness of at least one portion of VOI and / or the thickness of at 3124 least one component and / or the thickness of at least one segment of VOI may be defined as the 3125 thickness approximately along the axis or a third dimension which is parallel to the center axis or 3126 center ray of x ray or x ray beam path connecting at least one x ray source emitting position to at 3127 least one portion of the detector, passing through VOI or the axial direction of VOI 3128 In one configuration, The degrees or angle can the total angle describing the relative movement of x 3129 ray emitting position to the ROI, for example, the center ray connecting a x ray source emitting 3130 position to the detector, for example relative to the center of the ROI, or passing through the center 3131 of ROI, or relative to a center axis of ROI which is approximately perpendicular or at an oblique 3132 angle to the detector plane or can be described as the axial direction of VOI relative to the source3133 In one configuration, the x ray source and / or detector can be replaced by an optical source and / or 3134 an optical detector when the VOI is transmissive to the optical radiation. 3135 3136 In one configuration, the tomography method and apparatus, and / or imaging system, and / or non 3137 transitory computer and / or a method for generating data for at least one application in medical and 3138 / or non medical application for a VOI, is comprising one or more of the following 3139 In one configuration, moving x ray emission position for projection measurement of VOI in a least 3140 one direction in a 6D space, ( X Y Z, pitch yaw roll), relative to VOI, the emitting position may 3141 move, for example linearly or rotate. 3142 in one figuration, the distance between each projection may be Xc, if Xc is approximately resolution 3143 desired by the imaging along the axial direction, for at least one substance or at least one segment or 3144 at least one portion of VOI. 3145 in one configuration, the total projection number is approximately quantitatively related to 3146 thickness of at least one segment of at least one substance with its spatial distribution volume and / 3147 or thickness of at least one portion of VOI, and / or quantitatively related to approximately 3148 thickness of at least one segment of VOI divided by Xc or approximately Xc in order to generate or 3149 reconstruct a 3D image for a segment or a component or at least one substance within the VOI , 3150 which has at least approximately Xc in resolution along the Z axis or at least one axis. 3151 3152 In one configuration, for multiple dimensional imaging and or large field of view imaging, the 3153 following methods and / or hardware system and / or non-transitory computer for storage medium 3154 used to modulate and / or steer and / or move or create the position of the x ray or optical radiation 3155 for at least one measurement of projection measurement of the VOI on at least one pixel of the 3156 detector, is comprising one or more of the following element: 3157 In one configuration, To move the relative emitting position of each projection, or emitting position 3158 of the x ray radiation, or the beam path passing through a unit volume such as a voxel or sub voxel 3159 or voxel regions in VOI, and / or relative to the VOI, at least one or more or combination of any or 3160 combination of two or more of the following methods may be used 3161 The source has a number of stationary emitting positions, or The emitting position may be moved by 3162 electromagnetic means and / or The emitting position or the x ray tube relative to the VOI , may be 3163 moved by a mover or energy driven means, and / or The emitting position of x ray source, may be 3164 moved by at least one electrostatic means, and / or The emitting position of x ray radiation, may be 3165 moved by at least one electron beam deflector or electron beam steerer and / or may be moved by at3166 least one x ray beam steerer and / or The emitting position of x ray radiation may be adjusted by 3167 electronic means such as in a field emitter x ray source, by turning on and off regions of field 3168 emitters, to adjust for the position of the x ray emission And / or by energy based electron beam or 3169 x ray beam steerer, such as Optical or laser or ultrasound and / or by Mechanical means to steer or 3170 restrict various regions, or let transmission, such as the cross section of x ray beam generated by the 3171 x ray source for example a collimator with variable sizes or variable location of transmission 3172 region, and / or Or the opening part of shutter of the collimator may move across beam path by a 3173 motorized mechanism relative to the ROI and / or by a beam chopper with one or multiple openings 3174 which can be moved or rotated to let the x ray beam to pass through at at least one or more or 3175 combination of any openings, relative to ROI and / or by mechanical or energy means to move a 3176 transmission regions of x ray beam to a different space location and / or the emitting position may 3177 be moved by combining at least two of the above methods and / or combining two methods or using 3178 two movers or steerers may remove constraints of each method or moving or steering device which 3179 may impact image quality or stability of image acquisition system. 3180 In one configuration, For example, To allow the area of x ray irradiation to be expanded or reduced 3181 to adjusted in a larger range at the same time, allow precision to be achieved regarding x ray 3182 emission spatial position. Or such combinations may allow stability and improve image quality by 3183 continuous operation at one setting of one device while using another device to accommodate and 3184 achieve the desired setting of image acquisition. 3185 In one configuration, electron beam deflector for steering electron beam to generate x ray beam can 3186 be a laser beam 3187 In one configuration, the aforementioned optical method may comprise a laser pulse is shaped by a 3188 spatial light modulator and interacts with a counter-propagating, synchronized pulsed electron beam. 3189 This enables imprinting on demand transverse phase shifts to the electron wave, enabling control 3190 over electron beams, which include spatial position shift of the electron beam. 3191 In one configuration, a laser beam can be steered and / or deflected by nonmechanical or 3192 mechanical means, and in turn interacts with a electron beam which may be pulse or continuous to 3193 steer and / or to modulate the intensity based on need of the application. 3194 In one configuration, example of mechanical beam steering approaches are; Gimbals, fast steering 3195 mirrors (FSMs), Risley prisms, rotating polygons, and two micro-mechanical approaches, lenslet 3196 arrays and MEMs. 3197 In one configuration, the last two are grouped with non-mechanical approaches3198 In one configuration, optical steering using most optical phased array, OPA, steering uses space 3199 feed phased array steering, or individual transmit / receive module based steering can be done two. 3200 Or In one configuration, using OPAs, is by dynamically creating an optical path difference, OPD. 3201 This OPD is equivalent to a certain phase difference at a particular wavelength. Or In one 3202 configuration, a second approach is to create a phase difference, which is equivalent to a certain 3203 OPD at a given wavelength. Most OPA approaches are OPD based approaches. Or In one 3204 configuration in optical steering, Modulo 2π Thin Space Fed Beam Steering is used. or In one 3205 configuration, True Time Delay EO Crystal Steering is used or steering using grating is used. or In 3206 one configuration, Pancharatnam based Non-Mechanical Beam Steering is used. 3207 In one configuration, Electronically-Controlled Beam-Steering through Metal surfaces such as 3208 Vanadium Dioxide can be used to steer laser beam which in turn, steer electron beam. Or In one3209 configuration, such meta or metal surfaces can be placed at the output facet of any millimeter- 3210 wave / terahertz / far-infrared electromagnetic radiation source such as a photoconductive terahertz 3211 source (a), a solid-state waveguide laser (b), and a vertical external cavity surface emitting laser 3212 (VECSEL) (c) to control the direction of the generated beam. 3213 In one configuration, 2D photonic crystals can be used for onchip beam steering. 3214 In one configuration of electromagnetic steering, the dual axis deflector consists of four 3215 electromagnetic or solenoid coils, arranged in a square geometry around the beam pipe. 3216 In one configuration, in the beam steering setting, equal currents are sent through opposite coils, 3217 creating an on-axis magnetic field perpendicular to the electron beam. 3218 In one configuration, the two sets of opposite coils allow controlled deflection of the electron beam 3219 in both directions perpendicular to the beamline axis. 3220 In one configuration, coil allows the Control of position of electron beam relative to the anode, and / 3221 or the coil can control over both position and / or angle with two successive deflectors. Or In one 3222 configuration, cooling system and method such as convection cooling is used. or In one 3223 configuration, Coil pair may be Connected in series 3224 In one configuration, coil housing may be used. or In one configuration, coil may be housed inside 3225 the x ray tube housing and / or with its own housing inside the x ray tube housing. 3226 In one configuration, cooling for x ray tube and coil can be the same system and method or 3227 different. 3228 In one configuration, the controller for the coil and the driver for controlling the coil is house in the 3229 upper gantry assembly and / or connected to a computing device, or microprocessor or controller 3230 device.3231 In one configuration, the coil is supported by a power supply, which has a EMC enclosure. Or In 3232 one configuration, there can be a coil for focusing. 3233 In one configuration, The current source for the coil may operate on single phase AC, mains power 3234 is for example, from 100 V to 240V with a frequency , for example, between 10 and 1M Hz, in 3235 some cases, without range selection. Or In one configuration, the power devices used within the 3236 power supply for the coil can be maintained within their operating temperature range by means of 3237 internal heat sink assemblies cooled by at least one fan, or In one configuration the x ray tube 3238 cooling and the power device cooling can use the same mechanism to cool, such as using a heat 3239 exchanger, and / or for example oil or water cooling. 3240 In one configuration, the steering coil set consists of four coils, arranged in a square geometry 3241 around the beam pipe. In the beam steering setting, equal currents are sent through opposite coils, 3242 creating an on-axis magnetic field perpendicular to the electron beam. The two sets of opposite coils 3243 allow controlled deflection of the electron beam in both directions perpendicular to the beamline 3244 axis. 3245 In one configuration, by sending equal currents through all coils, with the current direction through 3246 each of the coils such that magnetic field is cancelled on axis, the square coil set becomes a 3247 quadrupole lens. A quadrupole lens focuses the beam in one perpendicular direction while 3248 simultaneously defocusing in the other. It can be used to create a line focus or to correct for 3249 astigmatism of the beam. 3250 In one configuration, both steering and focusing coils are used, 3251 In one configuration, electron beam is focused first by the focusing coil and then use the steering 3252 coil to steer to a position on Anode. 3253 In one configuration, electron beam coming out of the cathode is steered first and then focused on 3254 the a position on anode. 3255 In one configuration, the combination of one or two methods or hardware configuration for moving 3256 relative x ray emitting position to VOI may allow the adjustment of field of view while image 3257 acquisition to be more flexible and finer tuned. For example, One mover may provide image 3258 acquisition at larger than Xc distance between x ray irradiation positions, but a second mover or 3259 steerer may adjust the x ray irradiation position at the position needed to achieve the desired Xc for 3260 a selected region of VOI, therefore reduce number of total projections 3261 In one configuration, the method of having x ray radiation from more than two positions may be 3262 accomplished by3263 Having one mover moving at a speed, and / or another mover to adjust the electron beam target 3264 position on the anode, 3265 In one configuration, the relative x ray emitting position to the VOI can be generated by the 3266 following mechanism 3267 a mover such as an mechanical mover to move the x ray source or the anode target or the electron 3268 beam emitting location, while using electron beam deflector and / or steerer to move the electron 3269 beam 3270 The electron deflector and steerer may keep the electron beam at one spatial position relative to an 3271 x ray emitting position while the mover moves the x ray source or at least anode target at 3272 approximately acceleration or velocity. So that the x ray radiation may be made to be emitting from 3273 approximately at least one x ray emitting position during a time period or more emitting positions 3274 relative to the VOI or the isocenter of the VOI and / or a voxel of VOI while the x ray source or 3275 emitting position is being moved during the projection measurements needed for 3D image 3276 acquisition 3277 In one configuration, detector shutter is controlled that so long as the electron beam is landing or 3278 hitting the approximately the same x ray or optical emitting position and / or region relative to the 3279 VOI, the detector is controlled to record or measure or collect incoming x ray or optical signal. 3280 or 3281 as the x ray or optical emitting position and / or region is going to be or have been changed into a 3282 different spatial position, the x ray or optical detector shutter closes, and only to open to measure x 3283 ray or optical signal as soon as the x ray or optical beam irradiates from the desired x ray emitting 3284 position. 3285 In one configuration, the x ray detector may be controlled to synchronize timing of measurements 3286 with the pulse of the x ray or optical source emitting from approximately the same x ray or optical 3287 radiation emitting position and / or x ray or optical radiation emitting region. 3288 In one configuration, x ray may be irradiation from one spatial position relative to the VOI, as the x 3289 ray tube moves with a mover, the electron beam steerer may be able to keep the x ray irradiating 3290 from the said position as the x ray tube moves. 3291 The result may be that the x ray may be irradiated from the said position longer and have longer 3292 exposure time as x ray tube or the anode moves, and / or as the cathode moves. 3293 In one configuration, the x ray emitting position relative to the VOI may be adjusted for increasing 3294 or decreasing exposure time or x ray irradiation time at the said position by at least combination of 3295 two movers, or combination of at least two different movers and / or electron beam steerers.3296 In one configuration, the x ray emitting position may be tuned by an electron beam steerer or x ray 3297 beam steerer. 3298 In one configuration, other Scatter removal methods may be used to remove scatter other than beam 3299 absorber particle or beam selector methods. 3300 For example, using primary modulator or time of flight source and / or detector. 3301 For example, if the x ray emitting position is moved to a position which is close to a desired spatial 3302 location, the same or a different deflector or a electron beam deflector or a mover or x ray beam 3303 steer, or a mover may be able to move to approximately the desired spatial position relative to the 3304 VOI, or at least closer to the said location. 3305 For example, if a mechanical mover only moves at certain step size, limiting spatial position where 3306 the x ray irradiation position may be at, a second mover, or electron steer or x ray steer may be used 3307 to move to the additional positions. For example, if a mechanical mover can only move in 33 or 44 3308 um intervals instead of 40 um, the x ray steerer or the electron beam steerer may be able to adjust 3309 the position to 40um step size as desired by the application. 3310 For example, as one mechanical mover moves the x ray cathode or x ray emitting position, or x ray 3311 away from a spatial location for x ray emission, a deflector may be used to steer the electron beam 3312 so that the x ray beam irradiation may be able to stay at the said position. 3313 The second steering or moving system or method may allow for precise adjustment of x ray 3314 emission location and / or precise adjustment of exposure time at the said location or overall 3315 exposure time. 3316 For example, x ray may be continuous irradiated, the electron beam steerer may steer the x ray 3317 irradiation or electron beam to a different location such as an x ray attenuator so that the VOI is not 3318 irradiated even if the x ray generator is on and continue to generate electron beams. For example, on 3319 the anode target there is a region which only absorbs electron beam or deflects the beam to a 3320 different location, x ray generated but does not go through the path illuminating the VOI. 3321 X ray steerer or electron beam steerer or mover may allow the adjustment of on and off illumination 3322 on the VOI as x ray beam or electron beam continues to emit. This allows adjustment of the precise 3323 dosage level or exposure level on the VOI separated from the x ray emission or electron emission 3324 state, thereby allow the flexibility, and fine tuning of the device previously not possible. 3325 For example x ray emission may be always on or electron beam generation may be on continuously 3326 while x ray tube is in motion and as soon as the x ray tube is in position or close to the position 3327 desired, the x ray beam generated irradiates the VOI. In another words, VOI is being selectively3328 illuminated from a desired spatial position or spatial positions using combination of methods as the 3329 x ray emission or electron beam emission continuously to be on. 3330 In one configuration, a mover for the x ray source or the x ray emitting location of the x ray source, 3331 can be combined with another moving mechanism, such as a moving mechanism for the moving of 3332 the x ray illumination beam path, selective by a beam restricting device such as a collimator. The 3333 shutter opening of the beam restricting device may be moved with at least one motor or energy 3334 driven device to have a varied spatial location and it may move in at least one dimensions or at least 3335 one axis. X ray emitting position may be moved or steered by a different mechanism, such as at least 3336 mechanical mover or energy driven moving mechanism such as an electromagnetic device or a 3337 mechanical mover, or electrostatic mover. 3338 In one configuration two different type of movers, such as a rotating mover and / or linear axis 3339 mover may be combined to create spiral and / or elliptical movement pattern for the x ray emitting 3340 position relative to the VOI 3341 In one configuration the mover of the x ray emitting position or x ray tube can be moving at a 3342 approximately constant speed in at least one dimension or one axis relative to the voi or at least one 3343 voxel in VOI, and the beam restricting device or the shutter of the beam restricting device or the 3344 opening of a beam restricting device can be adjusted electrically or motorized to move in at least one 3345 axis or at least one dimension, which can be a different path. 3346 In one configuration, approximate number of beam paths or projections or x ray emitting positions 3347 needed for tomography reconstruction or for a complete 3D reconstruction, or for positioning of a 3348 subunit of one voxel and / or a voxel in VOI relative to a reference or its original position in a 1D – 3349 7D dimensions 3350 In one configuration, typically, the total number of projections, and / or the total number of x ray 3351 emitting location relative to the VOI, and / or the approximate number of x ray beam path relative 3352 to a subunit of a voxel, or a voxel in VOI, or passing through a voxel of interest within a VOI , is at 3353 least approximately H max / Xc , Xc resolution desired in the z direction or along the thickness 3354 direction, Hmax the thickness or maximum thickness of VOI, which x ray beam passes through, or 3355 the VOI containing the voxel of interest to be positioned or component of interest or at least one 3356 substance of interest to be positioned in 1D -7D dimensions, in the field of view or VOI. 3357 In one configuration, the position between x ray irradiation position generating beam passing 3358 through VOI or voxel of interest can be adjusted to be approximately the resolution desired in the z 3359 direction, or the center axis or the center ray connecting x ray tube to the detector.3360 In one configuration, the approximately relative movement distance, or approximate relative 3361 distance between the most adjacent beam path passing through VOI or voxel of interest within VOI, 3362 can be approximately the dimension of voxel in the z direction, or the dimension of the voxel of 3363 interest approximately along the axis or center ray of x ray tube connecting the x ray tube to 3364 detector. 3365 In one configuration, the approximately relative difference between the most adjacent beam paths 3366 passing through a voxel or subunit of a voxel can be at least at least one dimension of one voxel or 3367 at least one subunit of a voxel or can be between at least one voxel to multiples of voxels. 3368 In one configuration, x ray optics or x ray or optical manipulation apparatus can be placed in 3369 between x ray source and detector during the x ray imaging acquisition for 3D or multiple 3370 dimension of tomography reconstruction. 3371 In one configuration, if the distance between closest x ray irradiation emitting position is less the 3372 resolution desired, the number of projections may be more. 3373 In one configuration, if there are other factors which affects the x ray projection measurements, such 3374 as x ray optics and other means blocking a certain portion of x ray passing the VOI or the x ray 3375 exiting VOI , reaching the detector or when x ray is collected by the regions in between x ray 3376 detector cells and / or the projection lands in regions of x ray pixel which the signal sensitivity is 3377 significant different or less than the active region of the x ray pixel cell, such as middle of the pixel 3378 cell. Data may be lost, therefore, additional projections from the same or different spatial location, 3379 may be needed to establish additional linear equations or additional measurements to make up for 3380 the data lost.. 3381 In one configuration, to make up missing data, detector or detectors may be moved or the VOI may 3382 be moved relative to the x ray source, so that previous missing data from the projection path signal 3383 not detector or omitted in reconstruction algorithms may be made up. 3384 3385 In one configuration, Integration of Other Medical Devices and Method includes one or more of the 3386 following: 3387 In one configuration, energy treatment device, actuating device with at least one axis freedom in 7D 3388 space devices, or gating devices, such as ECG, ECG or injector devices for contrast or treatment, 3389 or other modalities may be connected to the imaging modality or the imaging gantry through a cable 3390 with a connector on the x ray imaging apparatus or wirelessly 33913392 Spectral measurements improve material decomposition and / or 3D reconstruction by providing 3393 improved estimate of the density of at least one substance in the VOI. Scatter is removed in the 3394 projected image by using spatial domain scatter removal method by using Beam Stopper arrays or 3395 beam selector arrays, both may be movable and / or both may be sandwiched in between two 3396 detectors to achieve Scatter to primary ratio at less than 1% or less than 5%. Low scatter projection 3397 primary measurements of VOI are needed in some instances to measure density and other 3398 quantifiable properties of VOI and the substances within. 3399 3400 Combination of Imaging Systems 3401 In one configuration, two or more detectors and corresponding x ray emitting positions or x ray 3402 tubes may be used, either the set of detector and x ray emitting positions may move independently 3403 with each other, or the set of x ray detector and x ray tube are moving relatively different from the 3404 other sets. Due to the projection geometry calculation and spatial matrix setup, measurements from 3405 the set of detector and source are merged with that of the others and reconstruction is based on the 3406 data measurement from a variety of settings for spectral measurements, tomography measurements, 3407 and image processing of VOI may be performed on the combined measurement dataset collocated 3408 on a pixel by pixel basis and / or voxel by voxel basis. 3409 3410 In one configuration, Correlating the measurements from two or more detectors on pixels by pixel 3411 basis based on voxel spatial location in the VOI relative to the x ray emitting position and detector 3412 pixel locations receiving the projected signal from the voxel, derived from spatial system matrix, 3413 reconstruction algorithms may be based on the data derived or measurements from two or more 3414 detectors, which can be moved by the same or different movers, or emitting position steered by 3415 different means. 3416 In one configuration, a spectral imaging of a ROI selected from a object, due to the 3D tomography, 3417 may be guided by the calculation of projected geometry based on the x ray tomographic image, to 3418 align the x ray emitting position at the center axis of detector and cone beam to be directly above the 3419 ROI. The reconstruction algorithms of the spectral measurements if it is desired to be multiple 3420 dimensional use measurements for the ROI from the 3D tomographic measurements of the prior 3421 measurements, in the reconstruction algorithms and method as part of the data input, for either 3422 deterministic method or analytical method.3423 In one configuration, spectral measurements of a VOI of an imaged subject which guides the 3424 alignment of subsequent x ray emitting position and detector alignment for the measurements used 3425 to reconstruct a 3D image, may be used in the 3D reconstruction. 3426 In one configuration, distributed 3D measurements of at least one or more or combination of any 3427 ROI regions of an object as well as background image of the object in at least one or more or 3428 combination of any ROIs may be used as a geometric and spatial reference for derivation of 3429 positioning of a selected internal VOI. For example, in dynamic imaging, characteristics of fluidic 3430 dynamics or cardiac movement may be derived in a 3D reconstruction assisted with measurements 3431 of the region around it but custom image acquisition and reconstruction of internal VOI relative to 3432 the background or a reference ROI may save time in image acquisition and reconstruction and 3433 reduce radiation exposure. 3434 In one configuration, combination or incorporations of system configurations of multiple set of 3435 imaging hardware which may be the same or different from each other in terms of a number of 3436 performance parameters such as pixel size, image acquisition speed, spectral sensitivity and 3437 measurements from one or multiple set of hardware and mix match of detectors and x ray sources. 3438 While the principle of the reconstruction algorithms used for CT or tomosynthesis system may be 3439 retained, such as ART, monte carlo simulation, density analysis, variations and adaptation of such 3440 methods may be used, the incorporation of multiple detectors, and / or their corresponding x ray 3441 sources or emitting positions may be customized to be used on a case by case basis and therefore the 3442 need to reconstruct or piece together necessary information to reach an accurate assessment of a 3443 voxel or an ROI, in an application specific manner. 3444 In one configuration, measured data from a low resolution detector may be used for that of high 3445 resolution tomography. A different or the same x ray source may travel in the same 2d area for 3446 example, the first positions of the first x ray source traveled, but in smaller step size, and the first 3447 position where the first x ray source travel may not be revisited again as the measurements have 3448 already been done. 3449 In one configuration, the total x ray beam emitting area or volume and x ray emitting positions may 3450 be a combination of step sizes, distances between projection emitting locations. The x ray emitting 3451 sequence may be implemented to be one acquisition process, so all combination of step sizes are 3452 traveled and emitted from or different step sizes can be implemented separately. 3453 In reconstruction, there maybe two image acquisition process in sequence, one is from the first 3454 process and the other is from the image acquired for the second x ray source.3455 The measured data from both detectors are used to reconstruct a multiple dimensional or 3D image 3456 if necessary. Due to motion artifacts of the object, there may be slight aberrations and artifacts but 3457 some of measurements may be useful. Motion artifacts can be removed using post processing 3458 methods. Selected regions where the measurements from both detectors are combined to perform 3459 reconstruct motion artifacts corrected and processed image may be used. 3460 The image reconstruction may be done separately as well and to compare and evaluate ROI from 3461 both type of constructions may derive more fact or generate more data of ROI. 3462 Meta file for each image may contain image identifier, may contain configuration of system matrix, 3463 time label, dicom tag, or reference to a 3D or spectral image reconstruction or meter which may 3464 indicate the count of the images taken of the same object or ROI. 3465 To reduce radiation dosage received on a patient and reduce motion artifacts, the method is to 3466 minimize measurement, for example, in number of measurements, such as minimize the number of 3467 projected path in ROI, minimize each beam size, or total field of view of the projection volume, and 3468 as well as number of images projections taken, which can be down to one or two projection image, 3469 and minimize number of emitting positions, for example, in some cases, only one emitting position 3470 is sufficient, and the utilization of structured illumination, x ray thin beam with distributed locations 3471 and / or only one x ray thin beam measurements needed to track a component or substance 3472 measurement in 6D spatial volume. 3473 3474 One Configuration of 3D reconstruction may include the following: 3475 In one configuration, Surgical and / or intervention guidance of 6D surgical path planning based on 3476 3D or 7D gated images taken, real time 3D vessel map or 6D surgical path, or simulated path to 3477 guide surgeon or actuating device with at least one axis freedom in 7D space to navigate. 3478 Typically one registration data , or tissue surface data is used for determination marker spatial 3479 relationship relative to a substance or component of interest. 3480 In one configuration, any two or three points or anatomic markers within the tissue of the interest, 3481 or substance of the interest of volume of interest may be used as a reference point for navigation 3482 purposes. 3483 The distance and relative position between the tissue of interest or clot and / or catheter probe may 3484 be determined by specific spatial dimension and / orientation distance between those points or 3485 anatomic markers and at least one point on another component. The direct link between these points 3486 simplifies the navigation process as without reconstruction, knowing the approximate volume 3487 distribution and reconstruction of the component is sufficient to orient the components relative to3488 each other. Or such reconstruction may be done once for one component and such dimensions are 3489 preexisting. As long as the relationship between dimensions or spatial distribution between the two 3490 components can be correlated to these selected points, it is sufficient to track these positions and 3491 approximate the component orientation due to preexisting data of the component, instead of the 3492 reconstruct the entire component. 3493 Such a configuration reduces the speed needed for image acquisition and reconstruction. Each point 3494 described may be one voxel, or it could be grouped voxel or it could be a number of voxels with a 3495 distributed spatial pattern, and such a point could be a column of voxels from the top layer of vol to 3496 the bottom layer, or it could be embedded within the VOI. 3497 For example, in tracking purposes or monitoring, such a method may be used reduce speed by 3498 reducing image acquisition time and / or time required for reconstruction. 3499 In one configuration, surface points may be determined from the reconstructed image. 3500 In one configuration An approximately volumetric distribution in any approximate shape may be 3501 used. And any point in the volume of interest of the component may be used as a reference or any 3502 point with a relative fixed spatial position to the volume of interest of component may be used. In 3503 the blood vessel road map, 3504 distinct road map may be derived based on the relative relationship between the catheter probe, 3505 center of vessel, and the diameter of the vessel may be used to calculate possible path to determine if 3506 the diameter is sufficient for the catheter to pass through. 3507 In one configuration, 3 D reconstruction is based on selective detector regions or at least one 3508 detector region comprising of at least two pixels or at least three pixels or at least four pixels 3509 In one configuration, 3D reconstruction is based on distributed small regions S of VOI projection 3510 measurement regions on the detector. 3511 In one configuration, 3D reconstruction is based on data collected at at least one or more or 3512 combination of any 1D region or distributed 1D region on the detector tracing a plane 3513 approximately back to the x ray emitting position 3514 3515 In one configuration, to generate Time resolved 3D Image or 3D data for at least one parameter data 3516 of at least one substance of the VOI or VOI 3517 In one configuration, create a time resolved 3D image or 3D data for at least one parameter data of 3518 at least one substance within VOI based on real time data or image derived from point or 1D or 2D 3519 or single energy or dual energy or multiple energy material decomposed substance mass or density 3520 or attenuation or simulated data or image or synthesized image or imaged processed data,3521 In one configuration, match the 1d or 2D data or image of at least one parameter data for at least one 3522 substance or ratio of substances or chemical composition of two or more substances and / or 3523 parameter data derived from any, with a projection of a 3D image or 3D data for at least one 3524 parameter data for at least one substance, such as or mass or density or attenuation value or intensity 3525 image of the substance or ratio of substance generated based on estimated or virtual x ray source to 3526 VOI orientation and / or detector spatial position or a known projection geometry involving the x 3527 ray source, a portion of VOI and / or at least one portion of the detector. 3528 In one configuration, generate a time resolved 3D data or up to 7D data, and / or relative to that of 3529 at least other substance based on attenuation value or primary x ray intensity measured and image 3530 processed data and / or a parameter data for at least one substance, such as mass or density or ratio 3531 of substances and / or related data or calculated data or simulated and synthesized data for 3532 aforementioned data of VOI or for at least one or more or combination of any substances. 3533 For example such a region S may be created by a collimator, with holes, where the x ray beam can 3534 pass through, such a collimator can be placed between the x ray tube and the patient or between the 3535 patient and the detector. 3536 Such a region S may be selected from the total projection image, either randomly or by a criteria. At 3537 least two of such regions can be reconstructed sequentially or parallel, to build a time dependent 3D 3538 image. At least one voxel column may be projected on to the detector. or at least measurement on 3539 one pixel in the S region can be used for 3D reconstruction. 3540 The benefit of such a plan is to be able to select and choose each beam path or each detector region 3541 using digital program , without having to have a preset path. Therefore the size of voxel cylinder 3542 and its spatial location may be adjusted continuously throughout the monitoring and tracking 3543 process. This leaves flexibility and speed and accuracy. 3544 In one configuration, at least one portion and / or at least one component or one part of the catheter 3545 is comprising microstructure, of microstructure, and in some examples of certain frequency. Varied 3546 portion or various component of the catheter may be differentiated by the frequency of the 3547 microstructure in x ray measurements from other portions of the VOI. Such microstructure may 3548 serve as a marker or barcode for a portion of, or a component of or the whole selected...

Claims

Claims 1. A method for at least one step of the workflow in an application to determine the age or predict or characterize and or identify and or classify at least one injury or injury is comprised of Generate data for at least one parameter for a segment of at least one substance or for at least one segment of at least one tissue and or of at least one cell or of at least one organelle from at least one image or at least one measure of VOI containing the segment, material decompose and or identify, and or quantify and or characterize the segment of the component or the tissue or substance or cell or organelle through the use of a database Using at least one method or at least one model or at least one algorithms or direct look up based on at least one data value or value range for at least one parameter value for at least one substance in a database to identify at least one biomarker indicative of the wound or injury and or affected tissue or affected cell and or affected organelle Wherein At least one method or at least one algorithms is Statistical model or AI based method or based on dataset generated by the measurement of at least one individual relating at last one parameter for the segment of the substance identified in the approximately same region of the body part and the parameter data value for the segment of substance is known Wherein the biomarker is a parameter data value for at least one substance within the blood or a substance in coagulation 2. Method of claim #1, The biomarker is a parameter value for at least one substance in the coagulation complex or at least one coagulation related substance or at least one blood product 3. Method of claim#1-2, the biomarker is oxygen saturation level within segment of blood vessel near the affected tissue or cell or organelle and or region 4. Method of claim 1-3, At least one substance is one of a circulation biomarker, or fibrin or fibrinogen and or c reactive protein or metabolite or water or lipid or protein or speckled calcium or calcium or collagen 5. Method of claim 1-4, one substance is one of fibrin or fibrinogen 6. Method of claim 1-5, One substance is a fibrin or fibrinogen network and or spatial distribution of any 7. Method of claim 1-6, The circulation biomarker is a substance comprised of one of the following deoxygenated and or oxygenated hb and or ratio of any and or at least one parameter data which is the derivative of any 8. Method of claim 1-7, a wound is indicated by the value of at least one parameter and or a derivative of any 9. Method of claim 1-8, a wound or age of the would is indicated by the value of at least one biomarker 10. Method of claim 1-9, a wound or age of the wound is indicated by at least two parameter, one is based on fibrin, one is based on at least one circulation marker density and or ratio of at least one parameter for deoxygenated and or oxygenated hemoglobin and or derivative of any to at least one other substance within the blood vessel and or immediately outside the blood vessel in the wound, or ratio of the fibrin to other substances and spatial distribution of the fibrin or totalvolume of fibrin and or spatial location of fibrin relative to other tissues, or inflammation level of at least one cell at the site of the wound or injury or at least one organelle within the cell 11. Method of claim 1-10, a characterization of age of wound is based on at least one parameter and or derivative of any 12. Method of claim 1-11, the characterization is for the wound which takes place in less than 2 weeks 13. Method of claim 1-12, the identification and or quantification and or characterization is for wound which takes place in less than 1 week 14. Method of claim 1-13, the identification and or quantification and or characterization is for wound which takes place in less than 1-2 hours 15. Method of claim 1-14, the identification and or quantification and or characterization is for wound which takes place in less than 1min to 1 hour 16. Method of claim 1-15, the identification and or quantification and or characterization is for wound which takes place in between 2 weeks to one month 17. Method of claim 1-16, the identification and or quantification and or characterization is for wound which takes place in between one month to 1 year or more.

18. Method of claim 1-17, the age of the wound is based on quantitative value of a least one parameter for at least one segment of the substance relative to that of at least one other segment of the substance and or at least one segment of at least one different substance 19. Method of claim 1-18, A biomarker is blood and tissue barrier disruption and or permeability of blood tissue barrier 20. Method of claim 1-19, a biomarker is blood and brain barrier disruption and or permeability of BBB 21. Method of claim 1-20, a biomarker is a diffusion characteristics of at least one substance 22. Method of claim 1-21, the measurement of the VOI is image processed to generate data for material decomposition wherein measure processing is comprised of scatter removal using software 23. Method of claim 1-22, the scatter removal or reduction is through interpolation or simulation and or AI 24. Method of claim 1-23, the scatter removal or reduction is through the use of at least one detector 25. Method of claim 1-23, the scatter removal or reduction is through the use of at least two detectors 26. Method of claim 1-25, the scatter removal or reduction method reduces the scatter to less than 1% 27. Method of claim 1-25, the scatter removal or reduction method reduces the scatter to less than 1- 3% 28. Method of claim 1-25, the scatter removal or reduction method reduces the scatter to less than 5% 29. Method of claim 1-25, the material decomposition method is comprised of derive data through 3D reconstruction of at least one measurement and or data generated from any generate at least one segment for at least one substance or of at least one cell or at least one organelle through segmentation based on data generated from attenuation value or attenuation coefficient and or and or intensity wherein method for segmentation is based on a database and or AI tool or segmentation is based on a database with prior knowledge for each feature for at least one segment of the substance or anatomic feature and or segment for at least one cell or at least one organellesaid data base is derived from at least partially the measurement of at least one substance or calibration substances and or combination of substances 29, method of claim 1-28, the measurement is comprised of dual energy and or multiple energy measurement of the calibration substances and or substances 30, method of claim 1-29, Each of The calibration substance is in a substate and or part of the substate with known value for at least one parameter data 31, method of claim 1-30, Each of the calibration substances is in a substate or a part of a substate which is in a wedged form 32, method of claim 1-31, The identification and or staging of the wound is used to identify and or characterize and stage for at least one step of healthcare or drug development and or drug discovery or research 33, method of claim 1-32, The stage of wound is used to assist at least one clinical decision wherein at least one treatment and or intervention may be given to treat the disease or the wound 34, method of claim 33, the affect tissue and or the wound is one from any of the following the core and or site of stroke, the core of ischemic stroke or cardiac infarct or pulmonary embolism or a blood clot or tumor site at the first or secondary site cancer or tissue affected by neurological illnesses, Alzheimer’s and or inflammation and or traumatic injury and or bleeding site for acute and or chronical illnesses or a lesion with at least one ruptured blood vessel, or disease in breast, or cardiovascular, or gastrointestinal, or hepatological, or respiratory, or rheumatic, or thyroid, or urologic diseases, or lung or trauma. 35, method of claim 1-34, The staging of a disease is based on the staging or age of at least one wound 36, method of claim 1-35, The measured subject containing VOI is a live animal 37, method of claim 1-36, The measurement of VOI is in vivo imaging or measurement 38, method of claim 1-37, The measurement of VOI is non invasive in vivo imaging or measurement 39.Method of claim 1-38, The measured subject is a living being or containing live body part or live cell or functioning organelle 40.method of claim 1-39, The measurement of VOI is generated by at least one modalities from one or more of x ray measurement or Ultrasound and or MRI or optical combination of any 41.method of claim 1-40,The measurement of VOI is generated by x-ray radiation 42.method of claim 1-41, The at least one parameter data for at least one substance is generated from The measurement of VOI by at least one modalities to be used for derivation of at least one parameter or image derived of any, for at least one segment of at least one substance using a different modality 43.method 1-42, the one modality is one or more of x ray measurement method or optical or photoacoustic method or combination of any 44. Method of claim 1-43, The data generated for at least one parameter of at least one segment of the substance derived at least one measurement of any of the modalities can be used and saved in a database generate a datamap or image of the said segment of the substance and or other segments and or other substance with the VOI using at least one other modality and vice versa45. Method of claim 1-44, one parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance is at least one or more of the following Density or Mass or Volume 46. method of claim 1-45, The at least one parameter of the said segment of the substance is related to one or more of the following o Mass Density o Mass o Number of Electrons o Electron density o Molecular Molar number or molecular number o Ratio of substances o Quantitative relationship of varied segments of at least one substance o Quantitative relationship of at least one segment of at least one substance to that of at least one other substance o Chemical composition o Volume o Function o Connectivity o Structure o Spatial distribution o Spatial location o Spatial continuity o Homogeneity o uniformity o network effect o regional or global effect in the tissue of interest o regional or global effect in the body part of interest o resonance signal or effect o Dimension value of at least one axis in 7d space o One of electromagnetic, thermal or physical or chemical and or rigidity and or elasticity and or combination of any o Flow or diffusion activity or characteristics of at least one substance o Attenuation coefficient of the said segment and or said substances o Optical density or radiodensity o Primary x ray measurement intensity of a voxel or voxel region or volumetric region o Ratio of any parameter for at least two substances and or at least two segments of the same substance o Change of any o Change rate of any o Response o Response rate of any o interaction with at least one different segment of at least one substance , which is one of • Kinetic interaction • Spatial interaction • Chemical interaction • Energy field or energy based interaction• Presence and or absence • Depletion or increase • Attenuation coefficient and or linear coefficient or mass attenuation coefficient or stopping power related to transmission • Primary x ray intensity variation • Each parameter in time or in space or in frequence and or combination of any • A parameter data of derivative of any and combination of any 47.Method of claim 1-46, at least one parameter data for at least one segment of at least one substance is one or more of the following • the spatial location of the segment of the substance • the quantity of the substance in terms of volume and or mass and or spatial distribution • the spatial location is with a blood vessel • the spatial location is within a circulation system • the spatial location is within a cavity enclosed by at least segment of one substance or at least segment of at least one tissue • the spatial location is the region immediately adjacent to the wall of the cavity outside the cavity • the cavity is lumen of blood vessel, or lymph system and or gi and or lung or heart 48. Method of claim 1-47, • one biomarker is the decreased or increased blood flow for brain activity 49. Method of claim 1-48, The blood flow activity is based on flow activity of at least one substance 50. Method of claim 1-49 The blood flow activity is based on flow activity feature extracted from data map generated for at least one parameter data in time 51. Method in claim 1-50, or Calibration substance or substance used to verify and or reference or generate a parameter data or used to establish a dataset for calibration, is comprised of at least one macromolecule or its derivatives and or substance used in biosynthesis of any or its conjugated molecule and or by product and or analog and or at least one of its constituents or a mixture of the elements by at least one a portion of the said molecule is comprised of or a subset of its elements and or weighted number of elements and or combination of or derivative of or any of the substance in the path of the VOI illuminated by the energy or photon to be measured.

52. Method in claim 1-51, or Calibration substance or substance used to verify and or reference or generate a parameter data or used to establish a dataset for calibration, is comprised of at least one metal ion or metal element or metal ion or metal element endogenous to VOI or its derivatives and or substance used in biosynthesis of any or its conjugated molecule and or by product and or analog and or at least one of its constituents or a mixture of the elements by atleast one a portion of the said molecule is comprised of or a subset of its elements and or weighted number of elements and or combination of or derivative of or any of the substance in the path of the VOI illuminated by the energy or photon to be measured.