Fire-resistant duct for utility lines

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of fire protection, and more particularly to passive fire protection devices for utility lines, which are fabricated from steel sheets in the form of a duct. A fire-resistant duct for utility lines consists of separate segments, each segment being connected to the next segment in an overlapping or abutting manner by connectors, and the segment connection sites being treated with an intumescent fireproofing material. Furthermore, each segment consists of an outer steel tray with an outer steel cover and an inner steel tray with an inner steel cover, wherein between the walls of the outer steel tray and the inner steel tray and also between the outer steel cover and the inner steel cover there is a filler. The technical result of the invention consists in an increase in the fire protection of utility lines, as well as a decrease in the time required to service, repair and replace utility lines.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION FIRE-RESISTANT BOX FOR UTILITY COMMUNICATIONS

[0002] The invention relates to the field of fire protection, namely to passive fire protection devices for utility lines made from steel sheets in the form of a box [E04F17 / 08, F16L5 / 04, A62C3 / 00, B32B1 / O6, E04B1 / 94].

[0003] The prior art discloses a DEVICE FOR FIRE PROTECTION OF CABLES ARRANGED IN ONE OR MORE LAYERS [RU2168341 (C1), PUBLISHED 10.06.2001], comprising a fire-resistant coating arranged around cables with a tight grip along their entire length, characterized in that the fire-resistant coating tightly enveloping the cables is made in the form of a plurality of flexible pads made of fire-resistant and melt-impermeable polyethylene fabric wrapped around the cables, the longitudinal edges of each of which are overlapped and fastened together, wherein the pads are arranged on the cables in series and connected together, forming a sleeve.

[0004] The disadvantage of this device is protection against the spread of combustion along electrical cables only at the intersections of fire barriers with damage to a significant area of ​​the cable, as well as the non-separable design of the device, which does not allow for quick maintenance, repair and replacement of utility lines.

[0005] Also known is a FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM FOR A CABLE OR CABLE LINE [RU2763218 (C1), PUBLISHED 28.12.2021], comprising a cable box mounted on the surface of a building structure or on suspensions, around which a fire protection box is formed, formed by rigid non-combustible plates equipped with perforated corners, by means of which the box is assembled into a single structure.

[0006] The disadvantage of this system is that it does not provide sufficient fire protection at the joints and connections of the system elements, and the unified design of the system does not allow for quick maintenance, repair and replacement of utility lines. The closest in technical essence is the FIRE-RESISTANT COMMUNICATIONS MODULE [RU207840 (U1), PUBLISHED 2021.11.18], consisting of fire-resistant slabs connected to each other on four sides, forming an internal opening for laying utilities, with fire-protective material placed in the gaps between the slabs, a metal box consisting of a tray and a cover is placed inside the opening formed by the slabs, where the slabs are connected to the elements of the metal box with fasteners, and a fire-protective heat-expanding material is used as a fire-protective material placed in the gaps between the slabs.

[0007] The technical problem of the prototype, containing fire-resistant boards connected to each other, with a metal box for communications from a tray and a cover with fire-protective material placed in the gaps between the boards, is the impossibility of quick access to communications for their maintenance, repair and replacement, since this requires dismantling the boards made of fire-resistant material that surround the metal box for communications, which causes their wear and wear of the fire-protective material between the boards, and also does not provide sufficient fire resistance, since the locking connection of the metal box is not hermetic.

[0008] The objective of the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype.

[0009] The technical result of the invention consists in increasing the fire protection of utility lines, as well as reducing the time for maintenance, repair and replacement of utility lines.

[0010] The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the fire-resistant box for utility lines consists of separate segments, wherein each segment is connected to the next segment by overlapping or butt joints, and the places of connection of the segments are treated with a fire-protective heat-expanding material, at the same time each segment consists of an external steel tray with an external steel cover and an internal steel tray with an internal steel cover, wherein a filler is placed between the walls of the external steel tray and the internal steel tray, as well as between the external steel cover and the internal steel cover.

[0011] In particular, the connectors are made in the form of a self-tapping screw or a screw and a nut. In particular, the outer steel tray with an outer steel cover and the inner steel tray with an inner steel cover are made in the form of U-shaped profiles or curved steel sheets.

[0012] Specifically, the outer steel tray with outer steel cover and the inner steel tray with inner steel cover are made of carbon steel, heat-resistant steel or heat-resistant steel.

[0013] In particular, the filler is made of fire-protective compositions based on binders gypsum solutions and / or cement magnesia solutions and / or alkaline solutions of sodium and / or potassium silicates and / or based on paints and varnishes and / or mineral materials and / or mineral wool materials and / or stone wool and / or glass wool and / or vermiculite and / or perlite and / or foamed glass and / or fibrous materials and / or various heat-insulating materials and / or non-combustible materials and / or hardly combustible materials and / or combustible materials with limited flammability and combustion and / or lightweight concrete and / or polystyrene concrete and / or aerated concrete and / or foam concrete and / or concrete with the addition of vermiculite, perlite, expanded clay, cellulose wool.

[0014] In particular, a technological hole is made in the outer steel tray with an outer steel cover and in the inner steel tray with an inner steel cover.

[0015] Brief description of the drawings

[0016] Fig. 1 shows the structural design of a fire-resistant box for utility lines.

[0017] Fig. 2 shows an example of connecting individual segments into a single system as a fire-resistant box for utility lines.

[0018] Fig. 3 shows an example of a suspension system for a fire-resistant box for utility lines.

[0019] Fig. 4 shows the structural design of a box for utility lines: A - with a technological opening in the lid, B - with a technological opening in the bottom of the tray. Fig. 5 shows an example of the placement of a fire-resistant box for utility lines.

[0020] Fig. 6 shows the overlapping connection of individual segment trays.

[0021] Fig. 7 shows a butt-joint connection of individual segment trays. Fig. 8 shows an easily removable cover for a fire-resistant box for utility lines.

[0022] The drawings show: 1 - external steel cover, 2 - external steel tray, 3 - internal steel tray, 4 - filler, 5 - utility lines, 6 - fire-resistant heat-expanding material, 7 - suspension system, 8 - box segment; 9 - process opening, 10 - internal steel cover.

[0023] Implementation of the invention.

[0024] The fire-resistant box for utility lines consists of separate segments 8, connected to each other to provide the required length, rises, and turns of the structure. Each segment 8 is connected into a single system of the fire-resistant box (Fig. 5) with the next segment 8 by overlap or end-to-end. The overlap connection of segments 8 (Fig. 6), when one segment of the box 8 is inserted into the second segment of the box 8 and fixed with connectors, for example, fixed with a screw and nut.

[0025] In alternative embodiments of the invention, individual segments of the fire-resistant box are connected with self-tapping screws.

[0026] The presented implementation options of the declared technical solution with different types of connectors of segments of the fire-resistant box allow achieving the technical result, since an increase in fire protection of utility lines is achieved, as well as a reduction in the time for maintenance, repair and replacement of utility lines.

[0027] The second option for connecting the segments of the box 8 end-to-end (Fig. 7), that is, connecting two segments 8 located in the same plane and adjoining each other with end surfaces, connectors.

[0028] The joints of segments 8 are treated with fire-retardant heat-expanding material 6 to seal the gaps in order to limit the penetration of dangerous fire factors. At the moment of fire outbreak, when exposed to high temperatures, the fire-retardant heat-expanding material 6 begins to swell instantly, expanding tenfold and filling the gaps between the segments of the box 8, thereby preventing the penetration of fire, smoke, and high temperature into the box with utility lines 5.

[0029] Each segment of the box 8 consists of an outer steel tray 2 with an outer steel cover 1 and an inner steel tray 3 with an inner steel cover 10. The walls of the trays and covers in the assembly of segment 8 represent a box of rectangular, round or other cross-section depending on the place of application. The outer steel tray 2 with an outer steel cover 1 and the inner steel tray 3 with an inner steel cover 10 are made in the form of U-shaped profiles or curved steel sheets. Utility lines are laid in the inner tray 3, and the removable cover of the box provides unimpeded access to the interior. Filler 4 is placed between the walls of the outer steel tray 2 and the inner steel tray 3, as well as between the outer steel cover 1 and the inner steel cover 10.The fire-resistant box for utility lines is designed as a sandwich using carbon steel sheets and filler 4, which ensures mechanical strength of the structure, fire resistance, provision of measures for cleaning utility lines 5, degassing, decontamination of surfaces, accessibility to the interior space using an easily removable cover (Fig. 8).

[0030] Filler 4 can be made of materials with low thermal conductivity and / or capable of absorbing heat with simultaneous release of vapors, gases, smoke, pyrolysis products. Fire-protective compositions based on gypsum, cement, magnesia, alkaline solutions of sodium and / or potassium silicates are used as filler.

[0031] In other embodiments of the invention, the outer steel tray with an outer steel cover and the inner steel tray with an inner steel cover are made of heat-resistant or heat-resistant steel, and the filler is made on the basis of paints and varnishes, and / or mineral materials, and / or mineral wool materials, and / or stone wool, and / or glass wool, and / or vermiculite, and / or perlite, and / or foamed glass, and / or fibrous materials, and / or various heat-insulating materials, and / or non-combustible materials, and / or hardly combustible materials, and / or combustible materials with limited flammability and combustion, and / or lightweight concrete, and / or polystyrene concrete, and / or aerated concrete, and / or foam concrete, and / or concrete with the addition of vermiculite, perlite, expanded clay, cellulose wool.

[0032] The presented variants of implementation of the claimed technical solution with different types of used steel and filler allow to achieve the technical result, since the increase of fire protection of utility lines is achieved, as well as reduction of time for maintenance, repair and replacement of utility lines. In the external steel tray with the external steel cover and in the internal steel tray with the internal steel cover, a technological opening 9 can be mounted for removal of excess heat, moisture from the internal space, equalization of atmospheric pressure (Fig. 4). The walls of the technological opening 9, made of intumescent fire-protective material, when exposed to fire ensure its sealing, which limits the penetration of dangerous fire factors into (from) the internal space of the box. If necessary, partitions are installed in the fire-resistant tray to delimit the internal space into separate volumes.The fire-resistant box for utility lines is mounted on a suspension system 7 to position the box at a distance from the ceiling and floor (Fig. 3).

[0033] The fire-resistant box for utility lines is used as follows.

[0034] The work on installation of the fire-resistant box for utility lines is performed in accordance with the design documentation of the facility or with the technological regulations (instructions) of the manufacturer. Installation of the claimed invention includes: marking the schemes of the fire-resistant box, installation of the fire-resistant box system, laying utility lines 9. The fire-resistant box ensures the preservation of the operability of cable lines, busbars, has the required fire resistance limit, which ensures the operability and protection of utility lines (for example, pipelines, air ducts) from the effects of hazardous fire factors in fire conditions.

[0035] The layout of the fire-resistant box diagrams is carried out in accordance with the project, taking into account the requirements for the minimum permissible bending radius of utility lines specified in the manufacturer's regulatory documentation. The fire-resistant box for utility lines is installed by successively fastening the box segments 8 to the suspension system 7. Initially, the outer steel tray 2 is installed, followed by its overlapping or butt-joining with the second outer tray 2, and so on until the required length of the fire-resistant box for utility lines is achieved. A heat-expanding tape based on oxidized graphite can be used as a fire-protective heat-expanding material 6 in the gaps between the segments of the box 8. Or a material based on a water-polymer dispersion with functional mineral and organic fillers and / or based on intumescent fire-protective coatings can be used as a heat-expanding material 8.

[0036] To increase fire protection of utility lines, filler 4 is placed between the outer tray 2 and the inner tray 3. A removable inner cover 10 is installed on top of the inner tray 3, which is connected to the outer cover 1. Filler 4 is also placed between the inner cover 10 and the outer cover 1. The connection of the segments of the box 8 is made using connectors with a high melting point.

[0037] Examples of use of the claimed invention.

[0038] A fire-resistant box is a mandatory element for ensuring fire safety in buildings and structures with a high fire hazard. It prevents the impact of hazardous fire factors on cables and / or utility lines, and also prevents hazardous fire factors from escaping beyond the interior of the box, which can be especially important in buildings and structures with a high level of fire hazard. In this case, the fire-resistant box for utility lines is made of cold-rolled galvanized steel with a filler in the form of a fire-retardant composition based on vermiculite. The fire-resistant box has a rectangular cross-section, and the outer steel tray with an outer steel cover and the inner steel tray with an inner steel cover are made of a U-shaped profile. The connection of the box segments is made by overlapping with a connector, and the gaps between the segments are covered with a heat-expanding tape and / or an intumescent fire-retardant composition.

[0039] Also, a fire-resistant cable box is a mandatory element in industrial, administrative, warehouse, residential, parking premises. It ensures the preservation of the operability of cable lines, has the required fire resistance limit and fire protection efficiency, which ensures the operability and protection from the effects of hazardous fire factors, electric cables, busbars, pipelines and air ducts in fire conditions. The fire-resistant box is mounted on a suspension system at a distance from the floor and ceiling, while the box is of rectangular cross-section, and the outer tray with an outer cover and the inner tray with an inner cover are made of curved cold-rolled galvanized steel sheets. To increase fire protection, solutions based on mineral binders are used as a filler.The connection of the box segments is made by overlapping, and the gaps between the segments are covered with a fire-resistant heat-expanding material - fire-resistant intumescent paint, which is used to increase the fire resistance limit of steel structures. Fire-resistant paint is an organic mixture with foaming components. In the event of a fire, it swells, forming a fire-resistant heat-insulating layer.

[0040] The technical result of the invention consists in increasing the fire protection of utility lines, as well as reducing the time for maintenance, repair and replacement of utility lines.

[0041] The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the fire-resistant box for utility lines consists of separate segments, wherein each segment is connected to the next segment by overlapping or butt joints, and the places where the segments are connected are treated with a fire-resistant heat-expanding material, while at the same time each segment consists of an outer steel tray with an outer grease cover and an inner steel tray with an inner steel cover, wherein a filler is placed between the walls of the outer steel tray and the inner steel tray, as well as between the outer steel cover and the inner steel cover.

[0042] Based on this, tests were conducted according to GOST R 53316 of the claimed invention in comparison with analogues and the prototype and the fire resistance time of boxes and protective devices was determined under conditions close to a real fire. The obtained test data are presented in Table 1.

[0043] Table 1

[0044] Comparative analysis of the claimed invention, analogues and prototype

[0045] The analysis results show that the declared fire-resistant box for utility lines is able to maintain its integrity longer and ensure fire safety of utility lines compared to analogues and the prototype. The effectiveness of the fire-resistant box for utility lines is achieved by reducing the temperature of the impact fire to a temperature at which utility lines are able to maintain their functionality or not receive critical damage.

[0046] Thus, the claimed invention makes it possible to increase the fire protection of utility lines by more than 1.5 times, as well as reduce the time for maintenance, repair and replacement of utility lines due to the collapsible design of the fire-resistant box segment.

Claims

FORMULA 1. A fire-resistant box for utility lines consisting of separate segments, wherein each segment is connected to the next segment by overlapping or butt-joining connectors, and the joints of the segments are treated with a fire-resistant heat-expanding material, while each segment consists of an outer steel tray with an outer steel cover and an inner steel tray with an inner steel cover, wherein a filler is placed between the walls of the outer steel tray and the inner steel tray, as well as between the outer steel cover and the inner steel cover.

2. A fire-resistant box according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the connectors are made in the form of a self-tapping screw or a screw and nut.

3. A fire-resistant box according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the outer steel tray with an outer steel cover and the inner steel tray with an inner steel cover are made in the form of U-shaped profiles or curved steel sheets.

4. A fire-resistant box according to item 1, characterized in that the outer steel tray with an outer steel cover and the inner steel tray with an inner steel cover are made of carbon steel, heat-resistant or heat-resistant steel.

5. A fire-resistant box according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the filler is made of fire-protective compositions based on binders gypsum solutions and / or cement magnesia solutions, and / or alkaline solutions of sodium and / or potassium silicates, and / or based on paints and varnishes, and / or mineral materials, and / or mineral wool materials, and / or stone wool, and / or glass wool, and / or vermiculite, and / or perlite, and / or foamed glass, and / or fibrous materials, and / or various heat-insulating materials, and / or non-combustible materials, and / or hardly combustible materials, and / or combustible materials with limited flammability and combustion, and / or lightweight concrete, and / or polystyrene concrete, and / or aerated concrete, and / or foam concrete, and / or concrete with the addition of vermiculite, perlite, expanded clay, cellulose wool.

6. A fire-resistant box according to paragraph 1, characterized in that a technological opening is made in the outer steel tray with an outer steel cover and in the inner steel tray with an inner steel cover.

Images