Dynamic video / camera power framework
The dynamic video/camera power framework addresses video scene switching by adjusting power profiles based on frame rate, resolution, and workload, optimizing battery consumption and performance in battery-constrained devices.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/074867
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-07
AI Technical Summary
Current video playback techniques fail to address video scene switching, leading to power consumption issues and performance degradation in battery-constrained devices.
A dynamic video/camera power framework that adjusts power profiles based on frame rate, resolution, and workload characteristics to optimize battery consumption and performance.
The framework maintains optimal power levels and performance by dynamically switching power profiles, ensuring efficient battery usage and preventing performance regression during scene changes.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024074867_07082025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DYNAMIC VIDEO / CAMERA POWER FRAMEWORKTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to processing systems, and more particularly, to one or more techniques for display processing.
[0002] INTRODUCTION
[0003] Computing devices often perform graphics and / or display processing (e.g., utilizing a graphics processing unit (GPU) , a central processing unit (CPU) , a display processor, etc. ) to render and display visual content. Such computing devices may include, for example, computer workstations, mobile phones such as smartphones, embedded systems, personal computers, tablet computers, and video game consoles. GPUs are configured to execute a graphics processing pipeline that includes one or more processing stages, which operate together to execute graphics processing commands and output a frame. A central processing unit (CPU) may control the operation of the GPU by issuing one or more graphics processing commands to the GPU. Modern day CPUs are typically capable of executing multiple applications concurrently, each of which may need to utilize the GPU during execution. A display processor may be configured to convert digital information received from a CPU to analog values and may issue commands to a display panel for displaying the visual content. A device that provides content for visual presentation on a display may utilize a CPU, a GPU, and / or a display processor.
[0004] Current techniques for video playback may not address video scene switching. There is a need for improved techniques for video playback when video scene switching occurs.
[0005] BRIEF SUMMARY
[0006] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of suchaspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[0007] In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus includes a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory and, based on information stored in the memory, the processor is configured to: obtain (1) a set of frame rate and resolution characteristics associated with video content and (2) a set of workload characteristics associated with the video content; map the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a power profile of a device; and output, based on the mapping, an indication of the power profile of the device.
[0008] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or more aspects include the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed, and this description is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] FIG. 1 is a block diagram that illustrates an example content generation system in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates an example graphics processor (e.g., a graphics processing unit (GPU) ) in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates an example display framework including a display processor and a display in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0012] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of video scene switching in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0013] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a dynamic video power framework in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0014] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of dynamic power profiles in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0015] FIG. 7 is a call flow diagram illustrating example communications between a central processing unit (CPU) and a power control component in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0016] FIG. 8 is a flowchart of an example method of display processing in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0017] FIG. 9 is a flowchart of an example method of display processing in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] Various aspects of systems, apparatuses, computer program products, and methods are described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings herein one skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the systems, apparatuses, computer program products, and methods disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of, or combined with, other aspects of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method which is practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. Any aspect disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.
[0019] Although various aspects are described herein, many variations and permutations of these aspects fall within the scope of this disclosure. Although some potential benefits and advantages of aspects of this disclosure are mentioned, the scope of this disclosure is not intended to be limited to particular benefits, uses, or objectives. Rather, aspects of this disclosure are intended to be broadly applicable to different wireless technologies, system configurations, processing systems, networks, and transmission protocols, some of which are illustrated by way of example in the figures and in the following description. The detailed description and drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure rather than limiting, the scope of this disclosure being defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
[0020] Several aspects are presented with reference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methods are described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, and the like (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0021] By way of example, an element, or any portion of an element, or any combination of elements may be implemented as a “processing system” that includes one or more processors (which may also be referred to as processing units) . Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs) , general purpose GPUs (GPGPUs) , central processing units (CPUs) , application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs) , reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems-on-chip (SOCs) , baseband processors, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) , state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionality described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in the processing system may execute software. Software can be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.
[0022] The term application may refer to software. As described herein, one or more techniques may refer to an application (e.g., software) being configured to perform one or more functions. In such examples, the application may be stored in a memory (e.g., on-chip memory of a processor, system memory, or any other memory) . Hardware described herein, such as a processor may be configured to execute the application. For example, the application may be described as including code that, when executed by the hardware, causes the hardware to perform one or more techniques described herein. As an example, the hardware may access the code from a memory and execute the code accessed from the memory to perform one or more techniques described herein. In some examples, components are identified in this disclosure. In such examples, the components may be hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The components may be separate components or sub-components of a single component.
[0023] In one or more examples described herein, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes computer storage media. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of the aforementioned types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.
[0024] As used herein, instances of the term “content” may refer to “graphical content, ” an “image, ” etc., regardless of whether the terms are used as an adjective, noun, or other parts of speech. In some examples, the term “graphical content, ” as used herein, may refer to a content produced by one or more processes of a graphics processing pipeline. In further examples, the term “graphical content, ” as used herein, may refer to a content produced by a processing unit configured to perform graphics processing. In still further examples, as used herein, the term “graphical content” may refer to a content produced by a graphics processing unit.
[0025] A video playback application may present video content to a user via a display. Some video playback applications may offer users features such as the ability to adjust a video quality and the ability to engage in interactive activities such as bullet commenting. A bullet comment may refer to a comment that is displayed directly over video content in a scroll bar (or a window) that appears at a specific video timestamp. However, the aforementioned features may present power consumption challenges for battery constrained devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets, etc. ) . Some devices may reduce power consumption of devices that execute video playback applications by optimizing for a fixed set of characteristics (e.g., optimizing for a particular resolution, optimizing for a particular frame rate, and / or optimizing for a particular set of interactivity features) . However, the aforementioned optimizations may not be able to handle video scene switching (e.g., a switch from 30 frames per second (FPS) video playback to 60 FPS video playback) . If a device loses power optimization due to a video scene switch, power consumption of the device may be affected, which may reduce an amount of time that the device is able to play video content. Furthermore, applying uniform parameters to all types of video playback scenarios may result in performance degradation, particularly for high-quality video cases.
[0026] Various technologies pertaining to a dynamic video / camera power framework are described herein. In an example, an apparatus (e.g., a CPU) , obtains (1) a set of frame rate and resolution characteristics associated with video content and (2) a set of workload characteristics associated with the video content. The apparatus (e.g., a CPU) maps the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a power profile of a device. As used herein, a “power profile” may refer to a setting of a device that (1) aims to reduce battery consumption of the device to a certain level at the expense of performance (e.g., a reduced frame rate, a reduced resolution, other reduced graphical settings, etc. ) or (2) a setting of a device that aims to maintain a certain performance level (e.g., a certain frame rate, a certain resolution, other certain graphics settings, etc. ) at the expense of battery consumption (e.g., increased battery consumption) . In certain aspects, a power profile that aims to reduce battery consumption of the device to a certain level at the expense of performance may be referred again as “a power profile” and a power profile that aims to maintain a certain performance level at the expense of battery consumption (e.g., (2) above) may be referred to as a “performance profile. ” The apparatus outputs, based on the mapping, an indication of the power profile of the device. Vis-à-vis mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a power profile of a device and outputting, based on the mapping, an indication of the power profile of the device, the apparatus may be able to select a power profile that is suitable for a current video playback scenario. Thus, via the above-described technologies, the apparatus may be able to conserve battery resources of the apparatus while maintaining a certain performance level.
[0027] In aspects presented herein, in order to optimize power usage of a device, power profiles may be set for different video scenarios. A video decode, screen refresh rates, and workloads sizes (colocation and a top thread) for a video may also be monitored in order to assign a power decision. For example, heavy workloads or dropped threads may be used to adjust power settings. A learning algorithm may be used for processing an expected FPS, a target FPS, and a clip resolution. A workload learning algorithm may be used to learn expected workloads for a profile and to determine thresholds for power decisions. Thus, an initial profile may be used, but the performance may be monitored to increase / decrease power decisions.
[0028] The examples describe herein may refer to a use and functionality of a graphics processing unit (GPU) . As used herein, a GPU can be any type of graphics processor, and a graphics processor can be any type of processor that is designed or configured to process graphics content. For example, a graphics processor or GPU can be a specialized electronic circuit that is designed for processing graphics content. As an additional example, a graphics processor or GPU can be a general purpose processor that is configured to process graphics content.
[0029] FIG. 1 is a block diagram that illustrates an example content generation system 100 configured to implement one or more techniques of this disclosure. The content generation system 100 includes a device 104. The device 104 may include one or more components or circuits for performing various functions described herein. In some examples, one or more components of the device 104 may be components of a SOC. The device 104 may include one or more components configured to perform one or more techniques of this disclosure. In the example shown, the device 104 may include a processing unit 120, a content encoder / decoder 122, and a system memory 124. In some aspects, the device 104 may include a number of components (e.g., a communication interface 126, a transceiver 132, a receiver 128, a transmitter 130, a display processor 127, and one or more displays 131) . Display (s) 131 may refer to one or more displays 131. For example, the display 131 may include a single display or multiple displays, which may include a first display and a second display. The first display may be a left-eye display and the second display may be a right-eye display. In some examples, the first display and the second display may receive different frames for presentment thereon. In other examples, the first and second display may receive the same frames for presentment thereon. In further examples, the results of the graphics processing may not be displayed on the device, e.g., the first display and the second display may not receive any frames for presentment thereon. Instead, the frames or graphics processing results may be transferred to another device. In some aspects, this may be referred to as split-rendering.
[0030] The processing unit 120 may include an internal memory 121. The processing unit 120 may be configured to perform graphics processing using a graphics processing pipeline 107. The content encoder / decoder 122 may include an internal memory 123. In some examples, the device 104 may include a processor, which may be configured to perform one or more display processing techniques on one or more frames generated by the processing unit 120 before the frames are displayed by the one or more displays 131. While the processor in the example content generation system 100 is configured as a display processor 127, it should be understood that the display processor 127 is one example of the processor and that other types of processors, controllers, etc., may be used as substitute for the display processor 127. The display processor 127 may be configured to perform display processing. For example, the display processor 127 may be configured to perform one or more display processing techniques on one or more frames generated by the processing unit 120. The one or more displays 131 may be configured to display or otherwise present frames processed by the display processor 127. In some examples, the one or more displays 131 may include one or more of a liquid crystal display (LCD) , a plasma display, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, a projection display device, an augmented reality display device, a virtual reality display device, a head-mounted display, or any other type of display device.
[0031] Memory external to the processing unit 120 and the content encoder / decoder 122, such as system memory 124, may be accessible to the processing unit 120 and the content encoder / decoder 122. For example, the processing unit 120 and the content encoder / decoder 122 may be configured to read from and / or write to external memory, such as the system memory 124. The processing unit 120 may be communicatively coupled to the system memory 124 over a bus. In some examples, the processing unit 120 and the content encoder / decoder 122 may be communicatively coupled to the internal memory 121 over the bus or via a different connection.
[0032] The content encoder / decoder 122 may be configured to receive graphical content from any source, such as the system memory 124 and / or the communication interface 126. The system memory 124 may be configured to store received encoded or decoded graphical content. The content encoder / decoder 122 may be configured to receive encoded or decoded graphical content, e.g., from the system memory 124 and / or the communication interface 126, in the form of encoded pixel data. The content encoder / decoder 122 may be configured to encode or decode any graphical content.
[0033] The internal memory 121 or the system memory 124 may include one or more volatile or non-volatile memories or storage devices. In some examples, internal memory 121 or the system memory 124 may include RAM, static random access memory (SRAM) , dynamic random access memory (DRAM) , erasable programmable ROM (EPROM) , EEPROM, flash memory, a magnetic data media or an optical storage media, or any other type of memory. The internal memory 121 or the system memory 124 may be a non-transitory storage medium according to some examples. The term “non-transitory” may indicate that the storage medium is not embodied in a carrier wave or a propagated signal. However, the term “non-transitory” should not be interpreted to mean that internal memory 121 or the system memory 124 is non-movable or that its contents are static. As one example, the system memory 124 may be removed from the device 104 and moved to another device. As another example, the system memory 124 may not be removable from the device 104.
[0034] The processing unit 120 may be a CPU, a GPU, a GPGPU, or any other processing unit that may be configured to perform graphics processing. In some examples, the processing unit 120 may be integrated into a motherboard of the device 104. In further examples, the processing unit 120 may be present on a graphics card that is installed in a port of the motherboard of the device 104, or may be otherwise incorporated within a peripheral device configured to interoperate with the device 104. The processing unit 120 may include one or more processors, such as one or more microprocessors, GPUs, ASICs, FPGAs, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , DSPs, discrete logic, software, hardware, firmware, other equivalent integrated or discrete logic circuitry, or any combinations thereof. If the techniques are implemented partially in software, the processing unit 120 may store instructions for the software in a suitable, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, e.g., internal memory 121, and may execute the instructions in hardware using one or more processors to perform the techniques of this disclosure. Any of the foregoing, including hardware, software, a combination of hardware and software, etc., may be considered to be one or more processors.
[0035] The content encoder / decoder 122 may be any processing unit configured to perform content decoding. In some examples, the content encoder / decoder 122 may be integrated into a motherboard of the device 104. The content encoder / decoder 122 may include one or more processors, such as one or more microprocessors, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , digital signal processors (DSPs) , video processors, discrete logic, software, hardware, firmware, other equivalent integrated or discrete logic circuitry, or any combinations thereof. If the techniques are implemented partially in software, the content encoder / decoder 122 may store instructions for the software in a suitable, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, e.g., internal memory 123, and may execute the instructions in hardware using one or more processors to perform the techniques of this disclosure. Any of the foregoing, including hardware, software, a combination of hardware and software, etc., may be considered to be one or more processors.
[0036] In some aspects, the content generation system 100 may include a communication interface 126. The communication interface 126 may include a receiver 128 and a transmitter 130. The receiver 128 may be configured to perform any receiving function described herein with respect to the device 104. Additionally, the receiver 128 may be configured to receive information, e.g., eye or head position information, rendering commands, and / or location information, from another device. The transmitter 130 may be configured to perform any transmitting function described herein with respect to the device 104. For example, the transmitter 130 may be configured to transmit information to another device, which may include a request for content. The receiver 128 and the transmitter 130 may be combined into a transceiver 132. In such examples, the transceiver 132 may be configured to perform any receiving function and / or transmitting function described herein with respect to the device 104.
[0037] Referring again to FIG. 1, in certain aspects, the processing unit 120 may include a profile switcher 198 configured to obtain (1) a set of frame rate and resolution characteristics associated with video content and (2) a set of workload characteristics associated with the video content; map the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a power profile of a device; and output, based on the mapping, an indication of the power profile of the device. Although the following description may be focused on display processing, the concepts described herein may be applicable to other similar processing techniques. Furthermore, although the following description may be focused on power optimization of video playback, the concepts described herein may also be applicable to power optimization of a camera application (i.e., a video streaming application that uses a camera to capture video that is streamed to another device via a network connection) .
[0038] A device, such as the device 104, may refer to any device, apparatus, or system configured to perform one or more techniques described herein. For example, a device may be a server, a base station, a user equipment, a client device, a station, an access point, a computer such as a personal computer, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a computer workstation, or a mainframe computer, an end product, an apparatus, a phone, a smart phone, a server, a video game platform or console, a handheld device such as a portable video game device or a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a wearable computing device such as a smart watch, an augmented reality device, or a virtual reality device, a non-wearable device, a display or display device, a television, a television set-top box, an intermediate network device, a digital media player, a video streaming device, a content streaming device, an in-vehicle computer, any mobile device, any device configured to generate graphical content, or any device configured to perform one or more techniques described herein. Processes herein may be described as performed by a particular component (e.g., a GPU) but in other embodiments, may be performed using other components (e.g., a CPU) consistent with the disclosed embodiments.
[0039] GPUs can process multiple types of data or data packets in a GPU pipeline. For instance, in some aspects, a GPU can process two types of data or data packets, e.g., context register packets and draw call data. A context register packet can be a set of global state information, e.g., information regarding a global register, shading program, or constant data, which can regulate how a graphics context will be processed. For example, context register packets can include information regarding a color format. In some aspects of context register packets, there can be a bit or bits that indicate which workload belongs to a context register. Also, there can be multiple functions or programming running at the same time and / or in parallel. For example, functions or programming can describe a certain operation, e.g., the color mode or color format. Accordingly, a context register can define multiple states of a GPU.
[0040] Context states can be utilized to determine how an individual processing unit functions, e.g., a vertex fetcher (VFD) , a vertex shader (VS) , a shader processor, or a geometry processor, and / or in what mode the processing unit functions. In order to do so, GPUs can use context registers and programming data. In some aspects, a GPU can generate a workload, e.g., a vertex or pixel workload, in the pipeline based on the context register definition of a mode or state. Certain processing units, e.g., a VFD, can use these states to determine certain functions, e.g., how a vertex is assembled. As these modes or states can change, GPUs may need to change the corresponding context. Additionally, the workload that corresponds to the mode or state may follow the changing mode or state.
[0041] FIG. 2 illustrates an example GPU 200 in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, GPU 200 includes command processor (CP) 210, draw call packets 212, VFD 220, VS 222, vertex cache (VPC) 224, triangle setup engine (TSE) 226, rasterizer (RAS) 228, Z process engine (ZPE) 230, pixel interpolator (PI) 232, fragment shader (FS) 234, render backend (RB) 236, L2 cache (UCHE) 238, and system memory 240. Although FIG. 2 displays that GPU 200 includes processing units 220-238, GPU 200 can include a number of additional processing units. Additionally, processing units 220-238 are merely an example and any combination or order of processing units can be used by GPUs according to the present disclosure. GPU 200 also includes command buffer 250, context register packets 260, and context states 261.
[0042] As shown in FIG. 2, a GPU can utilize a CP, e.g., CP 210, or hardware accelerator to parse a command buffer into context register packets, e.g., context register packets 260, and / or draw call data packets, e.g., draw call packets 212. The CP 210 can then send the context register packets 260 or draw call packets 212 through separate paths to the processing units or blocks in the GPU. Further, the command buffer 250 can alternate different states of context registers and draw calls. For example, a command buffer can simultaneously store the following information: context register of context N, draw call (s) of context N, context register of context N+1, and draw call (s) of context N+1.
[0043] GPUs can render images in a variety of different ways. In some instances, GPUs can render an image using direct rendering and / or tiled rendering. In tiled rendering GPUs, an image can be divided or separated into different sections or tiles. After the division of the image, each section or tile can be rendered separately. Tiled rendering GPUs can divide computer graphics images into a grid format, such that each portion of the grid, i.e., a tile, is separately rendered. In some aspects of tiled rendering, during a binning pass, an image can be divided into different bins or tiles. In some aspects, during the binning pass, a visibility stream can be constructed where visible primitives or draw calls can be identified. A rendering pass may be performed after the binning pass. In contrast to tiled rendering, direct rendering does not divide the frame into smaller bins or tiles. Rather, in direct rendering, the entire frame is rendered at a single time (i.e., without a binning pass) . Additionally, some types of GPUs can allow for both tiled rendering and direct rendering (e.g., flex rendering) .
[0044] In some aspects, GPUs can apply the drawing or rendering process to different bins or tiles. For instance, a GPU can render to one bin, and perform all the draws for the primitives or pixels in the bin. During the process of rendering to a bin, the render targets can be located in GPU internal memory (GMEM) . In some instances, after rendering to one bin, the content of the render targets can be moved to a system memory and the GMEM can be freed for rendering the next bin. Additionally, a GPU can render to another bin, and perform the draws for the primitives or pixels in that bin. Therefore, in some aspects, there might be a small number of bins, e.g., four bins, that cover all of the draws in one surface. Further, GPUs can cycle through all of the draws in one bin, but perform the draws for the draw calls that are visible, i.e., draw calls that include visible geometry. In some aspects, a visibility stream can be generated, e.g., in a binning pass, to determine the visibility information of each primitive in an image or scene. For instance, this visibility stream can identify whether a certain primitive is visible or not. In some aspects, this information can be used to remove primitives that are not visible so that the non-visible primitives are not rendered, e.g., in the rendering pass. Also, at least some of the primitives that are identified as visible can be rendered in the rendering pass.
[0045] In some aspects of tiled rendering, there can be multiple processing phases or passes. For instance, the rendering can be performed in two passes, e.g., a binning, a visibility or bin-visibility pass and a rendering or bin-rendering pass. During a visibility pass, a GPU can input a rendering workload, record the positions of the primitives or triangles, and then determine which primitives or triangles fall into which bin or area. In some aspects of a visibility pass, GPUs can also identify or mark the visibility of each primitive or triangle in a visibility stream. During a rendering pass, a GPU can input the visibility stream and process one bin or area at a time. In some aspects, the visibility stream can be analyzed to determine which primitives, or vertices of primitives, are visible or not visible. As such, the primitives, or vertices of primitives, that are visible may be processed. By doing so, GPUs can reduce the unnecessary workload of processing or rendering primitives or triangles that are not visible.
[0046] In some aspects, during a visibility pass, certain types of primitive geometry, e.g., position-only geometry, may be processed. Additionally, depending on the position or location of the primitives or triangles, the primitives may be sorted into different bins or areas. In some instances, sorting primitives or triangles into different bins may be performed by determining visibility information for these primitives or triangles. For example, GPUs may determine or write visibility information of each primitive in each bin or area, e.g., in a system memory. This visibility information can be used to determine or generate a visibility stream. In a rendering pass, the primitives in each bin can be rendered separately. In these instances, the visibility stream can be fetched from memory and used to remove primitives which are not visible for that bin.
[0047] Some aspects of GPUs or GPU architectures can provide a number of different options for rendering, e.g., software rendering and hardware rendering. In software rendering, a driver or CPU can replicate an entire frame geometry by processing each view one time. Additionally, some different states may be changed depending on the view. As such, in software rendering, the software can replicate the entire workload by changing some states that may be utilized to render for each viewpoint in an image. In certain aspects, as GPUs may be submitting the same workload multiple times for each viewpoint in an image, there may be an increased amount of overhead. In hardware rendering, the hardware or GPU may be responsible for replicating or processing the geometry for each viewpoint in an image. Accordingly, the hardware can manage the replication or processing of the primitives or triangles for each viewpoint in an image.
[0048] FIG. 3 is a block diagram 300 that illustrates an example display framework including the processing unit 120, the system memory 124, the display processor 127, and the display (s) 131, as may be identified in connection with the device 104.
[0049] A GPU may be included in devices that provide content for visual presentation on a display. For example, the processing unit 120 may include a GPU 310 configured to render graphical data for display on a computing device (e.g., the device 104) , which may be a computer workstation, a mobile phone, a smartphone or other smart device, an embedded system, a personal computer, a tablet computer, a video game console, and the like. Operations of the GPU 310 may be controlled based on one or more graphics processing commands provided by a CPU 315. The CPU 315 may be configured to execute multiple applications concurrently. In some cases, each of the concurrently executed multiple applications may utilize the GPU 310 simultaneously. Processing techniques may be performed via the processing unit 120 output a frame over physical or wireless communication channels.
[0050] The system memory 124, which may be executed by the processing unit 120, may include a user space 320 and a kernel space 325. The user space 320 (sometimes referred to as an “application space” ) may include software application (s) and / or application framework (s) . For example, software application (s) may include operating systems, media applications, graphical applications, workspace applications, etc. Application framework (s) may include frameworks used by one or more software applications, such as libraries, services (e.g., display services, input services, etc. ) , application program interfaces (APIs) , etc. The kernel space 325 may further include a display driver 330. The display driver 330 may be configured to control the display processor 127. For example, the display driver 330 may cause the display processor 127 to compose a frame and transmit the data for the frame to a display.
[0051] The display processor 127 includes a display control block 335 and a display interface 340. The display processor 127 may be configured to manipulate functions of the display (s) 131 (e.g., based on an input received from the display driver 330) . The display control block 335 may be further configured to output image frames to the display (s) 131 via the display interface 340. In some examples, the display control block 335 may additionally or alternatively perform post-processing of image data provided based on execution of the system memory 124 by the processing unit 120.
[0052] The display interface 340 may be configured to cause the display (s) 131 to display image frames. The display interface 340 may output image data to the display (s) 131 according to an interface protocol, such as, for example, the MIPI DSI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface, Display Serial Interface) . That is, the display (s) 131, may be configured in accordance with MIPI DSI standards. The MIPI DSI standard supports a video mode and a command mode. In examples where the display (s) 131 is / are operating in video mode, the display processor 127 may continuously refresh the graphical content of the display (s) 131. For example, the entire graphical content may be refreshed per refresh cycle (e.g., line-by-line) . In examples where the display (s) 131 is / are operating in command mode, the display processor 127 may write the graphical content of a frame to a buffer 350.
[0053] In some such examples, the display processor 127 may not continuously refresh the graphical content of the display (s) 131. Instead, the display processor 127 may use a vertical synchronization (Vsync) pulse to coordinate rendering and consuming of graphical content at the buffer 350. For example, when a Vsync pulse is generated, the display processor 127 may output new graphical content to the buffer 350. Thus, generation of the Vsync pulse may indicate that current graphical content has been rendered at the buffer 350.
[0054] Frames are displayed at the display (s) 131 based on a display controller 345, a display client 355, and the buffer 350. The display controller 345 may receive image data from the display interface 340 and store the received image data in the buffer 350. In some examples, the display controller 345 may output the image data stored in the buffer 350 to the display client 355. Thus, the buffer 350 may represent a local memory to the display (s) 131. In some examples, the display controller 345 may output the image data received from the display interface 340 directly to the display client 355.
[0055] The display client 355 may be associated with a touch panel that senses interactions between a user and the display (s) 131. As the user interacts with the display (s) 131, one or more sensors in the touch panel may output signals to the display controller 345 that indicate which of the one or more sensors have sensor activity, a duration of the sensor activity, an applied pressure to the one or more sensor, etc. The display controller 345 may use the sensor outputs to determine a manner in which the user has interacted with the display (s) 131. The display (s) 131 may be further associated with / include other devices, such as a camera, a microphone, and / or a speaker, that operate in connection with the display client 355.
[0056] Some processing techniques of the device 104 may be performed over three stages (e.g., stage 1: a rendering stage; stage 2: a composition stage; and stage 3: a display / transfer stage) . However, other processing techniques may combine the composition stage and the display / transfer stage into a single stage, such that the processing technique may be executed based on two total stages (e.g., stage 1: the rendering stage; and stage 2: the composition / display / transfer stage) . During the rendering stage, the GPU 310 may process a content buffer based on execution of an application that generates content on a pixel-by-pixel basis. During the composition and display stage (s) , pixel elements may be assembled to form a frame that is transferred to a physical display panel / subsystem (e.g., the displays 131) that displays the frame.
[0057] Instructions executed by a CPU (e.g., software instructions) or a display processor may cause the CPU or the display processor to search for and / or generate a composition strategy for composing a frame based on a dynamic priority and runtime statistics associated with one or more composition strategy groups. A frame to be displayed by a physical display device, such as a display panel, may include a plurality of layers. Also, composition of the frame may be based on combining the plurality of layers into the frame (e.g., based on a frame buffer) . After the plurality of layers are combined into the frame, the frame may be provided to the display panel for display thereon. The process of combining each of the plurality of layers into the frame may be referred to as composition, frame composition, a composition procedure, a composition process, or the like.
[0058] A frame composition procedure or composition strategy may correspond to a technique for composing different layers of the plurality of layers into a single frame. The plurality of layers may be stored in doubled data rate (DDR) memory. Each layer of the plurality of layers may further correspond to a separate buffer. A composer or hardware composer (HWC) associated with a block or function may determine an input of each layer / buffer and perform the frame composition procedure to generate an output indicative of a composed frame. That is, the input may be the layers and the output may be a frame composition procedure for composing the frame to be displayed on the display panel.
[0059] Some aspects of display processing may utilize different types of mask layers, e.g., a shape mask layer. A mask layer is a layer that may represent a portion of a display or display panel. For instance, an area of a mask layer may correspond to an area of a display, but the entire mask layer may depict a portion of the content that is actually displayed at the display or panel. For example, a mask layer may include a top portion and a bottom portion of a display area, but the middle portion of the mask layer may be empty. In some examples, there may be multiple mask layers to represent different portions of a display area. Also, for certain portions of a display area, the content of different mask layers may overlap with one another. Accordingly, a mask layer may represent a portion of a display area that may or may not overlap with other mask layers.
[0060] FIG. 4 is a diagram 400 illustrating an example 402 of video scene switching in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure. The device 104 (e.g., a smartphone, a tablet, etc. ) may play video content 404 on the display (s) 131 via a video playback application (not depicted in FIG. 4) . In an example, the video content 404 may be streamed video content. The video playback application may have features that enable a user to set / adjust a video quality of the video content 404 (or other characteristics of the video content 404) . For example, the video playback application may receive input from the user specifying a frame rate and / or a resolution, and the video playback application may play the video content 404 at the frame rate and / or at the resolution. As used herein, a “frame rate” may refer to a number of frames rendered for display per second. In an example, the frame rate may be 30 FPS, 60 FPS, 90 FPS, or 120 FPS. In an example, the resolution may be 1920 by 1080 pixels, 2400 by 1080 pixels, or 2532 by 1170 pixels.
[0061] In an example, the device 104 may undergo a switch event 406 that may cause the device 104 to change a video quality of the video content 404. In one example, the switch event 406 may be or include receiving manual input (e.g., text input, voice input, etc. ) from the user that specifies an adjustment (e.g., a resolution adjustment, a frame rate adjustment) to the quality of the video content. In another example, the switch event 406 may be or include the video content 404 reaching a certain playback point. In yet another example, the switch event 406 may include a change in network conditions (e.g., an increase or a decrease in available bandwidth to the device 104) . In a further example, the switch event 406 may be a change in an availability of computational resources of the device 104.
[0062] When the device 104 undergoes the switch event 406, the device 104 may change the video quality of the video content 404. In an example, the device 104 may be playing the video content 404 at a first resolution and a first frame rate when the switch event 406 occurs. Based on the switch event 406, the device 104 may switch to playing the video content 404 at a second resolution and a second frame rate, where the second resolution may be different from the first resolution, and where the second frame rate may be different from the first frame rate.
[0063] In one aspect, the switch event 406 may be the video content 404 reaching a playback point at which a bullet comment 408 is to be displayed. A bullet comment may refer to a comment that is displayed directly over video content in a scroll bar (or a window) that appears at a specific video timestamp of the video content 404. A bullet comment may act as timed feedback of what a user is viewing on a display at the video timestamp. Bullet comments may cause increased power consumption on a device.
[0064] In one aspect, the device 104 may optimize playback of the video content 404 for a fixed set of characteristics (e.g., a fixed resolution, a fixed frame rate, etc. ) . In an example, the device 104 may optimize playback of the video content 404 for a fixed 30 FPS video playback. However, in such an aspect, if the switch event 406 occurs and a frame rate of the video content 404 changes from 30 FPS to 60 FPS, the device 104 may lose power optimization, which may lead to increased power usage or decreased performance. Furthermore, applying fixed power parameters to all video playback scenarios may lead to performance degradation, particularly for high-quality video content. Aspects presented herein pertain to a dynamic video / camera power framework that is able to maintain an optimal power level given changing device circumstances (e.g., given the switch event 406) . As used herein, a “power level” may refer to an amount of battery power consumed by a device.
[0065] In one aspect, a dynamic video power technique (i.e., solution) is described herein. The dynamic video power technique may allow for the switching of power profiles between different video scenarios. The power profiles may be categorized into a plurality of levels, where each level may represent a balance between power benefits and a performance impact. The dynamic video power technique may help to ensure a broad optimization of coverage of video playback scenarios without a performance regression.
[0066] In one aspect, a power decision framework is described herein. The power decision framework may be configured to align with specific power optimization scenarios. In an example, when a video playback session begins, the power decision framework may analyze the video playback session to determine a video decode rate and / or a screen refresh frame rate. The power decision framework may assign (i.e., determine) a power decision based on the video decode rate and / or the screen refresh frame rate, thereby enabling dynamic switching of power optimizations in order to match a specific video playback scenario.
[0067] In one aspect, a workload monitor is described herein. The workload monitor may evaluate an application package behavior of a colocation and a top thread. When a task with a computationally heavy workload is found, the power settings may be adjusted (e.g., a negative boost may be applied) to achieve an optimal power setting for a current task.
[0068] In one aspect described herein, feedback from a video framework may be used to trigger a frame drop alert. An FPS monitor may check a stability of a video decode rate and / or a screen refresh frame rate. If the FPS monitor detects an instability in the video decode rate and / or the screen refresh rate, the FPS monitor may trigger a new round of power decision selections. When stability of the video decode rate and / or the screen refresh rate is confirmed by the FPS monitor, a device may attempt to transition to a profile that reduces power consumption. The FPS monitor may then recheck the stability of the video decode rate and / or the screen refresh frame rate. The device may perform at least one round of adjustments in order to pick a suitable power profile that balances performance with power consumption.
[0069] FIG. 5 is a diagram 500 illustrating an example of a dynamic video power framework 502 in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure. The dynamic video power framework 502 may be implemented by the device 104. In an example, a CPU of the device may implement some or all of the dynamic video power framework 502. The dynamic video power framework 502 may implement FPS learning, workload learning, and a power level controller in order to adjust to a suitable power profile.
[0070] At 504, the device 104 may begin to play a video (i.e., video content) via a video playback application. At 506, the device 104 may perform FPS learning based on the playback of the video. In an example, the device 104 may perform the FPS learning based on a hint FPS 508, a target FPS 510, and / or a clip resolution 512. The hint FPS 508 may be an indication of a frame rate from a video framework (e.g., a video framework that supports 15 FPS, 30 FPS, 60 FPS, and / or 120 FPS) . As used herein, a “video framework” may refer to software that is configured to facilitate the display of video content on a device. The target FPS 510 may be an indication of a frame rate from a frame compositor. A “compositor” or “frame compositor” may refer to software and / or hardware that composites layers in order to generate a frame. The target FPS 510 may be based on a refresh rate of the display (s) 131. The clip resolution 512 may be a resolution of a video clip generated from the playback of the video.
[0071] At 514, the device 104 may perform workload learning based on the playback of the video. For example, the device 104 may learn a task workload 516 (e.g., a task group workload) based on the playback of the video. In an example, the task workload 516 may be a workload performed by one or more threads that execute in order to play the video. As used herein, a “thread” may refer to a sequence of programmed instructions (e.g., a smallest sequence of programmed instructions) that may be managed independently by a scheduler. As used herein, a “task” may refer to an action performed by a thread. The scheduler may be part of an operating system. The device may evaluate the task workload 516 against a workload threshold 518. As used herein, a “workload threshold” may refer to a percent utilization of one or more threads.
[0072] At 520, the device 104 may make a power decision based on the FPS learning at 506 and / or the workload learning at 514. For example, the device 104 may process a combination of the hint FPS 508, the target FPS 510, and / or the clip resolution 512 in order to map the hint FPS 508, the target FPS 510, and / or the clip resolution 512 to a profile 522 (e.g., a power profile) . Additionally, or alternatively, based on the evaluation of the task workload 516 against the workload threshold 518, the device 104 may map the task workload 516 to the profile 522. At 524, the device 104 may implement the profile 522. For instance, the device 104 may transmit instructions that adjust a power consumption of the device based on the profile 522. In an example, the device 104 may transmit instructions to a power level controller 526 of the device 104 based on the profile 522, where the power level controller 526 may adjust a power consumption of the device 104 based on the instructions.
[0073] In one aspect, a given power decision may map to an initial profile (e.g., the profile 522) . After the device 104 implements the initial profile, the device 104 may monitor a frame rate of the device to increase or decrease a power step and to update the initial profile. For example, the power level controller 526 may receive an indication of a video frame drop 528 from a video framework. Based on the indication of the video frame drop 528, at 530, the power level controller 526 may apply a power step 532 to the profile 522. For example, the power step 532 may be a positive power step that increases power consumption of the device 104 or a negative power step that decreases power consumption of the device 104. At 534, an FPS monitor may monitor a frame rate of the device 104 after the power step 532 has been applied to the profile 522. If the frame rate is stable, at 524, the device 104 may implement the profile 522 with the power step 532 applied. If the frame rate is not stable, the device 104 may repeat the aforementioned steps until a stable frame rate is achieved.
[0074] FIG. 6 is a diagram 600 illustrating an example 602 of dynamic power profiles in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure. The device 104 may include a default level profile 604. In an example, the default level profile 604 may balance battery consumption and performance. The device 104 may include a first performance level profile 606 and a second performance level profile 608. In an example, the first performance level profile 606 may aim to maintain a first level of performance (e.g., a first resolution and a first frame rate) and the second performance level profile 608 may aim to maintain a second level of performance (e.g., a second resolution and a second frame rate) as the device 104 displays video content, where the second level of performance is greater than the first level of performance (e.g., the second resolution is greater than the first resolution and the second frame rate is greater than the first frame rate) . The device 104 may also include a first power level profile 610 and a second power level profile 612. In an example, the first power level profile 610 may aim to maintain a first battery consumption of the device 104 and the second power level profile 612 may aim to maintain a second battery consumption of the device 104 as the device 104 displays video content, where the second battery consumption is less than the first battery consumption.
[0075] In one aspect presented herein, a dynamic video power technique (i.e., solution) may provide a group of profiles with power benefits and corresponding performance impacts. In scenarios that entail high video playback performance, an initial optimization profile may prioritize performance over power savings. An initial optimization profile may be determined by a power decision (e.g., the decision at 520) . Table 1 below illustrates a power decision map.
[0076] Table 1: Power Decision Map
[0077] FIG. 7 is a call flow diagram 700 illustrating example communications between a CPU 702 and a power control component 704 in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure. In an example, the CPU 702 and / or the power control component 704 may be included in the device 104. In an example, the power control component 704 may be implemented in hardware and / or software on the device 104.
[0078] At 710, the CPU 702 may obtain (1) a set of frame rate and resolution characteristics associated with video content and (2) a set of workload characteristics associated with the video content. As used herein “frame rate and resolution characteristics” may refer to information about a frame rate and a screen resolution of a device as a device plays back video content. As used herein, “video content” may refer to a sequence of sequential images that are displayed on a display. As used herein “workload characteristics” may refer to a usage rate of one or more threads associated with presenting video content on a display. At 712, the CPU 702 may map the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a power profile of a device. At 714, the CPU 702 may output, based on the mapping, an indication of the power profile of the device. For example, at 716, the CPU 702 may transmit the indication of the power profile of the device to the power control component 704. At 718A, the power control component 704 may adjust a power level of the device based on the indication. In another example, at 718B, the CPU 702 may adjust a power level of the device based on the power profile of the device.
[0079] At 720, the CPU 702 may obtain a first indication of at least one of a resolution change of the video content, a frame rate change of the video content, or a frame drop with respect to the video content. As used herein, a “resolution change” may refer to an increase or a decrease in a display resolution of a device. As used herein, a “frame rate change” may refer to an increase or a decrease in a frame rate of a device. As used herein, a “frame drop” may refer to a frame in a sequence of frames that is not displayed due to one or more reasons (e.g., heavy computational workloads of a device, network issues, etc. ) . At 722, the CPU 702 may modify the power profile of the device based on the first indication. At 724, the CPU 702 may output a second indication of the modified power profile. For example, at 726, the CPU 702 may transmit the second indication to the power control component 704. At 728, the power control component 704 may adjust a power level of the device based on the second indication.
[0080] In an example, the video content may include streamed video content, and at 706, the CPU 702 may receive the streamed video content from a server. As used herein, “streamed video content” may refer to video content that is displayed by a device via a continuous transmission of audio and / or video from a server to the device. At 708, the CPU 702 may present the streamed video content on a display of the device.
[0081] FIG. 8 is a flowchart 800 of an example method of display processing in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure. The method may be performed by an apparatus, such as an apparatus for display processing, a GPU, a CPU (e.g., CPU 702) , a display processor, the device 104, a wireless communication device, and the like, as used in connection with the aspects of FIGs. 1-7. In an example, the method may be performed by the profile switcher 198.
[0082] At 802, the apparatus (e.g., a CPU) obtains (1) a set of frame rate and resolution characteristics associated with video content and (2) a set of workload characteristics associated with the video content. For example, FIG. 7 at 710 shows that the CPU 702 may obtain (1) a set of frame rate and resolution characteristics associated with video content and (2) a set of workload characteristics associated with the video content. In an example, the video content may be or include the video content 404. In an example, the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics may be or include the clip resolution 512, the hint FPS 508, and / or the target FPS 510. In an example, the set of workload characteristics may be or include the task workload 516. In an example, 802 may be performed by the profile switcher 198.
[0083] At 804, the apparatus (e.g., a CPU) maps the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a power profile of a device. For example, FIG. 7 at 712 shows that the CPU 702 may map the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a power profile of a device. In an example, the power profile of the device may be or include the first power level profile 610 or the second power level profile 612. In an example, the power profile of the device may be or include the first performance level profile 606 or the second performance level profile 608. In an example, the power profile of a device may be the profile 522. In an example, the mapping may correspond to 520 in FIG. 5. In an example, 804 may be performed by the profile switcher 198.
[0084] At 806, the apparatus (e.g., a CPU) outputs, based on the mapping, an indication of the power profile of the device. For example, FIG. 7 at 714 shows that the CPU 702 may output (e.g., to the power control component 704) , based on the mapping, an indication of the power profile of the device. In an example, 806 may be performed by the profile switcher 198.
[0085] FIG. 9 is a flowchart 900 of an example method of display processing in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure. The method may be performed by an apparatus, such as an apparatus for display processing, a GPU, a CPU, a display processor, the device 104, a wireless communication device, and the like, as used in connection with the aspects of FIGs. 1-7. In an example, the method (including the various aspects detailed below) may be performed by the profile switcher 198.
[0086] At 906, the apparatus (e.g., a CPU) obtains (1) a set of frame rate and resolution characteristics associated with video content and (2) a set of workload characteristics associated with the video content. For example, FIG. 7 at 710 shows that the CPU 702 may obtain (1) a set of frame rate and resolution characteristics associated with video content and (2) a set of workload characteristics associated with the video content. In an example, the video content may be or include the video content 404. In an example, the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics may be or include the clip resolution 512, the hint FPS 508, and / or the target FPS 510. In an example, the set of workload characteristics may be or include the task workload 516. In an example, 906 may be performed by the profile switcher 198.
[0087] At 908, the apparatus (e.g., a CPU) maps the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a power profile of a device. For example, FIG. 7 at 712 shows that the CPU 702 may map the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a power profile of a device. In an example, the power profile of the device may be or include the first power level profile 610 or the second power level profile 612. In an example, the power profile of the device may be or include the first performance level profile 606 or the second performance level profile 608. In an example, the power profile of the device may be the profile 522. In an example, the mapping may correspond to 520 in FIG. 5. In an example, 908 may be performed by the profile switcher 198.
[0088] At 910, the apparatus (e.g., a CPU) outputs, based on the mapping, an indication of the power profile of the device. For example, FIG. 7 at 714 shows that the CPU 702 may output (e.g., to the power control component 704) , based on the mapping, an indication of the power profile of the device. In an example, 910 may be performed by the profile switcher 198.
[0089] In one aspect, outputting the indication of the power profile of the device may include outputting a first indication to adjust a power level of the device. For example, outputting the indication of the power profile of the device at 714 may include outputting a first indication to adjust a power level of the device. In an example, the power control component 704 may adjust the power level of the device based on the first indication.
[0090] In one aspect, at 912, the apparatus (e.g., a CPU) may adjust a power level of the device based on the power profile of the device. For example, FIG. 7 at 718B shows that the CPU 702 may adjust a power level of the device based on the power profile of the device. In an example, 912 may be performed by the profile switcher 198.
[0091] In one aspect, at 914, the apparatus (e.g., a CPU) may obtain a first indication of at least one of a resolution change of the video content, a frame rate change of the video content, or a frame drop with respect to the video content. For example, FIG. 7 at 720 shows that that the CPU 702 may obtain a first indication of at least one of a resolution change of the video content, a frame rate change of the video content, or a frame drop with respect to the video content. In an example, the aforementioned aspect may correspond to the switch event 406. In an example, 914 may be performed by the profile switcher 198.
[0092] In one aspect, at 916, the apparatus (e.g., a CPU) may modify the power profile of the device based on the first indication. For example, FIG. 7 at 722 shows that the CPU 702 may modify the power profile of the device based on the first indication. In an example, the aforementioned aspect may correspond to the power step 532. In an example, 916 may be performed by the profile switcher 198.
[0093] In one aspect, at 918, the apparatus (e.g., a CPU) may output a second indication of the modified power profile. For example, FIG. 7 at 724 shows that the CPU 702 may output a second indication of the modified power profile. In an example, 918 may be performed by the profile switcher 198.
[0094] In one aspect, obtaining the first indication may include obtaining a third indication of the frame drop from a frame rate monitor, and where modifying the power profile may include applying a power step to the power profile based on the first indication. As used herein, a “frame rate monitor” may refer to software and / or hardware that is configured to measure a frame rate of displayed video content and to detect frame drops. In an example, the frame drop may be the video frame drop 528 and the power step may be the power step 532.
[0095] In one aspect, the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics may include at least one of a first frame rate from a frame compositor associated with the device, a second frame rate from a video framework associated with the device, or a resolution of the video content. For example, the first frame rate may be the hint FPS 508, the second frame rate may be the target FPS 510, and the resolution of the video content may be the clip resolution 512.
[0096] In one aspect, the set of workload characteristics may include indications of tasks performed by threads of the device. For example, the indications of tasks performed by threads of the device may include the task workload 516.
[0097] In one aspect, the power profile may be associated with a first power consumption of the device and a first graphical performance of the device. For example, the power profile may be the first power level profile 610. The first power level profile 610 may be associated with a first power consumption of the device and a first graphical performance of the device. As used herein, a “power consumption” may refer to an amount of power consumed by a device. As used herein, a “graphical performance” may refer to characteristics (e.g., a frame rate, a resolution, other graphical characteristics, etc. ) of displayed video content.
[0098] In one aspect, the power profile may include a set of power profiles, and where mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile may include mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a first power profile in the set of power profiles or a second performance profile in the set of power profiles. For example, the first power profile may be the first power level profile 610 and the second power profile may be the first performance level profile 606.
[0099] In one aspect, obtaining the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics may include determining the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics based on the video content, where obtaining the set of workload characteristics may include determining the set of workload characteristics based on the video content. For example, obtaining the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics at 710 may include determining the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics based on the video content and obtaining the set of workload characteristics at 710 may include determining the set of workload characteristics based on the video content. In an example, the aforementioned aspect may correspond to 506 and 514.
[0100] In one aspect, determining the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics may include determining a refresh rate of a display of the device and a video decode rate of the device. For example, obtaining the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics may include determining a refresh rate of a display of the device and a video decode rate of the device. As used herein, a “refresh rate” may refer to a number of times per second that a display refreshes. As used herein, a “video decode rate” may refer to an amount of information decoded per second as part of display video content.
[0101] In one aspect, determining the set of workload characteristics may include determining a workload threshold, and where mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile may include mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile based on the workload threshold. For example, the workload threshold may be the workload threshold 518. In an example, mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile at 712 may include mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile based on the workload threshold 518.
[0102] In one aspect, the video content may have a bullet commenting feature enabled, and where mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile may include mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile based on the bullet commenting feature being enabled. For example, the aforementioned aspect may correspond to the bullet comment 408. In an example, mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile at 712 may include mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile based on the bullet commenting feature being enabled.
[0103] In one aspect, the video content may include streamed video content, and at 902, the apparatus (e.g., a CPU) may receive the streamed video content from a server. For example, the video content may be the video content 404, and FIG. 7 at 706 shows that the CPU 702 may receive the streamed video content from a server. In an example, 902 may be performed by the profile switcher 198.
[0104] In one aspect, at 904, the apparatus may present the streamed video content on a display of the device. For example, FIG. 7 at 708 shows that the CPU 702 may present the streamed video content on a display (e.g., the display (s) 131) of the device. In an example, 904 may be performed by the profile switcher 198.
[0105] In one aspect, outputting the indication of the power profile of the device may include: transmitting the indication of the power profile of the device; or storing the indication of the power profile of the device. For example, outputting the indication of the power profile of the device at 716 may include: transmitting (e.g., to the power control component 704) the indication of the power profile of the device; or storing the indication of the power profile of the device.
[0106] In configurations, a method or an apparatus for display processing is provided. The apparatus may be a GPU, a CPU, or some other processor that may perform graphics processing. In aspects, the apparatus may be the processing unit 120 within the device 104, or may be some other hardware within the device 104 or another device. The apparatus may be a DPU, a display processor, or some other processor that may perform display processing. In aspects, the apparatus may be the display processor 127 within the device 104, or may be some other hardware within the device 104 or another device. The apparatus may include means for obtaining (1) a set of frame rate and resolution characteristics associated with video content and (2) a set of workload characteristics associated with the video content. The apparatus may further include means for mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a power profile of a device. The apparatus may further include means for outputting, based on the mapping, an indication of the power profile of the device. The apparatus may further include means for adjusting a power level of the device based on the power profile of the device. The apparatus may further include means for obtaining a first indication of at least one of a resolution change of the video content, a frame rate change of the video content, or a frame drop with respect to the video content. The apparatus may further include means for modifying the power profile of the device based on the first indication. The apparatus may further include means for outputting a second indication of the modified power profile. The apparatus may further include means for receiving the streamed video content from a server. The apparatus may further include means for presenting the streamed video content on a display of the device.
[0107] It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks / steps in the processes, flowcharts, and / or call flow diagrams disclosed herein is an illustration of example approaches. Based upon design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the blocks / steps in the processes, flowcharts, and / or call flow diagrams may be rearranged. Further, some blocks / steps may be combined and / or omitted. Other blocks / steps may also be added. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various blocks / steps in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.
[0108] The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but is to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language of the claims, where reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more. ” The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration. ” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects.
[0109] Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more and the term “or” may be interpreted as “and / or” where context does not dictate otherwise. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C. Specifically, combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words “module, ” “mechanism, ” “element, ” “device, ” and the like may not be a substitute for the word “means. ” As such, no claim element is to be construed as a means plus function unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for. ” Unless stated otherwise, the phrase “a processor” may refer to “any of one or more processors” (e.g., one processor of one or more processors, a number (greater than one) of processors in the one or more processors, or all of the one or more processors) and the phrase “a memory” may refer to “any of one or more memories” (e.g., one memory of one or more memories, a number (greater than one) of memories in the one or more memories, or all of the one or more memories) .
[0110] In one or more examples, the functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. For example, although the term “processing unit” has been used throughout this disclosure, such processing units may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If any function, processing unit, technique described herein, or other module is implemented in software, the function, processing unit, technique described herein, or other module may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.
[0111] Computer-readable media may include computer data storage media or communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. In this manner, computer-readable media generally may correspond to: (1) tangible computer-readable storage media, which is non-transitory; or (2) a communication medium such as a signal or carrier wave. Data storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by one or more computers or one or more processors to retrieve instructions, code, and / or data structures for implementation of the techniques described in this disclosure. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, compact disc-read only memory (CD-ROM) , or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, or other magnetic storage devices. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes compact disc (CD) , laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc, where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs usually reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media. A computer program product may include a computer-readable medium.
[0112] The techniques of this disclosure may be implemented in a wide variety of devices or apparatuses, including a wireless handset, an integrated circuit (IC) or a set of ICs, e.g., a chip set. Various components, modules or units are described in this disclosure to emphasize functional aspects of devices configured to perform the disclosed techniques, but do not necessarily need realization by different hardware units. Rather, as described above, various units may be combined in any hardware unit or provided by a collection of inter-operative hardware units, including one or more processors as described above, in conjunction with suitable software and / or firmware. Accordingly, the term “processor, ” as used herein may refer to any of the foregoing structure or any other structure suitable for implementation of the techniques described herein. Also, the techniques may be fully implemented in one or more circuits or logic elements.
[0113] The following aspects are illustrative only and may be combined with other aspects or teachings described herein, without limitation.
[0114] Aspect 1 is a method of display processing, including: obtaining (1) a set of frame rate and resolution characteristics associated with video content and (2) a set of workload characteristics associated with the video content; mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a power profile of a device; and outputting, based on the mapping, an indication of the power profile of the device.
[0115] Aspect 2 may be combined with aspect 1, wherein outputting the indication of the power profile of the device includes outputting a first indication to adjust a power level of the device.
[0116] Aspect 3 may be combined with any of aspects 1-2, further including: adjusting a power level of the device based on the power profile of the device.
[0117] Aspect 4 may be combined with any of aspects 1-3, further including: obtaining a first indication of at least one of a resolution change of the video content, a frame rate change of the video content, or a frame drop with respect to the video content; modifying the power profile of the device based on the first indication; and outputting a second indication of the modified power profile.
[0118] Aspect 5 may be combined with aspect 4, wherein obtaining the first indication includes obtaining a third indication of the frame drop from a frame rate monitor, and wherein modifying the power profile includes applying a power step to the power profile based on the first indication.
[0119] Aspect 6 may be combined with any of aspects 1-5, wherein the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics includes at least one of a first frame rate from a frame compositor associated with the device, a second frame rate from a video framework associated with the device, or a resolution of the video content.
[0120] Aspect 7 may be combined with any of aspects 1-6, wherein the set of workload characteristics includes indications of tasks performed by threads of the device.
[0121] Aspect 8 may be combined with any of aspects 1-7, wherein the power profile is associated with a first power consumption of the device and a first graphical performance of the device.
[0122] Aspect 9 may be combined with any of aspects 1-8, wherein the power profile includes a set of power profiles, and wherein mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile includes mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a first power profile in the set of power profiles or a second power profile in the set of power profiles.
[0123] Aspect 10 may be combined with any of aspects 1-9, wherein obtaining the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics includes determining the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics based on the video content, and wherein obtaining the set of workload characteristics includes determining the set of workload characteristics based on the video content.
[0124] Aspect 11 may be combined with aspect 10, wherein determining the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics includes determining a refresh rate of a display of the device and a video decode rate of the device.
[0125] Aspect 12 may be combined with any of aspects 10-11, wherein determining the set of workload characteristics includes determining a workload threshold, and wherein mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile includes mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile based on the workload threshold.
[0126] Aspect 13 may be combined with any of aspects 1-12, wherein the video content has a bullet commenting feature enabled, and wherein mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile includes mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile based on the bullet commenting feature being enabled.
[0127] Aspect 14 may be combined with any of aspects 1-13, wherein the video content includes streamed video content, the method further including: receiving the streamed video content from a server; and presenting the streamed video content on a display of the device.
[0128] Aspect 15 may be combined with any of aspects 1-14, wherein outputting the indication of the power profile of the device includes: transmitting the indication of the power profile of the device; or storing the indication of the power profile of the device.
[0129] Aspect 16 is an apparatus for display processing comprising a processor coupled to a memory and, based on information stored in the memory, the processor is configured to implement a method as in any of aspects 1-15.
[0130] Aspect 17 may be combined with aspect 16 and comprises that the apparatus is a wireless communication device comprising at least one of a transceiver or an antenna coupled to the processor, wherein to receive the streamed video content, the processor is configured to receive the streamed video content via at least one of the transceiver or the antenna.
[0131] Aspect 18 is an apparatus for display processing comprising means for implementing a method as in any of aspects 1-15.
[0132] Aspect 19 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer readable-medium) storing computer executable code, the computer executable code, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement a method as in any of aspects 1-15.
[0133] Various aspects have been described herein. These and other aspects are within the scope of the following claims.
Claims
1.An apparatus for display processing, comprising:a memory; anda processor coupled to the memory and, based on information stored in the memory, the processor is configured to:obtain (1) a set of frame rate and resolution characteristics associated with video content and (2) a set of workload characteristics associated with the video content;map the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to at least one of a power profile of a device; andoutput, based on the mapping, an indication of the power profile of the device.2.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to output the indication of the power profile of the device, the processor is configured to output a first indication to adjust a power level of the device.3.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:adjust a power level of the device based on the power profile of the device.4.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:obtain a first indication of at least one of a resolution change of the video content, a frame rate change of the video content, or a frame drop with respect to the video content;modify the power profile of the device based on the first indication; andoutput a second indication of the modified power profile.5.The apparatus of claim 4, wherein to obtain the first indication, the processor is configured to obtain a third indication of the frame drop from a frame rate monitor, and wherein to modify the power profile , the processor is configured to apply a power step to the power profile based on the first indication.6.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics comprises at least one of a first frame rate from a frame compositor associated with the device, a second frame rate from a video framework associated with the device, or a resolution of the video content.7.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the set of workload characteristics comprises indications of tasks performed by threads of the device.8.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power profile is associated with a first power consumption of the device and a first graphical performance of the device.9.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power profile comprises a set of power profiles, and wherein to map the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile, the processor is configured to map the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a first power profile in the set of power profiles or a second power profile in the set of power profiles.10.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to obtain the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics, the processor is configured to determine the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics based on the video content, and wherein to obtain the set of workload characteristics, the processor is configured to determine the set of workload characteristics based on the video content.11.The apparatus of claim 10, wherein to determine the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics, the processor is configured to determine a refresh rate of a display of the device and a video decode rate of the device.12.The apparatus of claim 10, wherein to determine the set of workload characteristics, the processor is configured to determine a workload threshold, and wherein to map the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile, the processor is configured to map the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile based on the workload threshold.13.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the video content has a bullet commenting feature enabled, and wherein to map the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile, the processor is configured to map the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to the power profile based on the bullet commenting feature being enabled.14.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the video content comprises streamed video content, and wherein the processor is further configured to:receive the streamed video content from a server; andpresent the streamed video content on a display of the device.15.The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the apparatus is a wireless communication device comprising at least one of a transceiver or an antenna coupled to the processor, and wherein to receive the streamed video content, the processor is configured to receive the streamed video content via at least one of the transceiver or the antenna.16.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to output the indication of the power profile of the device, the processor is configured to:transmit the indication of the power profile of the device; orstore the indication of the power profile of the device.17.A method of display processing, comprising:obtaining (1) a set of frame rate and resolution characteristics associated with video content and (2) a set of workload characteristics associated with the video content;mapping the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a power profile of a device; andoutputting, based on the mapping, an indication of the power profile of the device.18.The method of claim 17, wherein outputting the indication of the power profile of the device comprises outputting a first indication to adjust a power level of the device.19.The method of claim 17, further comprising:adjusting a power level of the device based on the power profile of the device.20.A computer-readable medium storing computer executable code, the computer executable code, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to:obtain (1) a set of frame rate and resolution characteristics associated with video content and (2) a set of workload characteristics associated with the video content;map the set of frame rate and resolution characteristics and the set of workload characteristics to a power profile of a device; andoutput, based on the mapping, an indication of the power profile of the device.
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