Method for determining transmission power, and terminal, apparatus, system and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method for determining a transmission power, and a terminal, an apparatus, a system and a storage medium. The method comprises: receiving a CW transmitted by a CWN; determining the transmission power of an uplink signal on the basis of a parameter, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by means of performing backscattering on the CW by a terminal, and the terminal is an Internet-of-Things terminal which obtains energy from an environment. In the method of the present disclosure, upon reception of a CW, a terminal can determine a corresponding uplink signal on the basis of backscattering, and determine the transmission power of the uplink signal on the basis of a parameter determined by the terminal itself or a parameter indicated by a network device, such that the terminal can use an appropriate transmission power for uplink transmission, thereby facilitating an improvement in the success rate of reception of the uplink signal.

Description

Method, terminal, device, system and storage medium for determining transmission power Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to a method, terminal, device, system, and storage medium for determining transmit power. Background Art

[0002] The Ambient Internet of Things (Ambient-IoT) is a type of IoT. Compared to cellular-based Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) terminals, Ambient-IoT terminals are less complex, less expensive, and require less maintenance. Because Ambient-IoT terminals require energy from the external environment, they are also called ambient-powered terminals or passive terminals.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] It is necessary to solve the problem of how to determine the power applied by the Ambient-IoT terminal during uplink transmission.

[0005] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, terminal, device, system, and storage medium for determining transmit power.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for determining transmit power, performed by a terminal, the method comprising:

[0007] Receive continuous electromagnetic waves (CW) sent by continuous electromagnetic wave nodes (CWN or CW node);

[0008] The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined according to the parameters, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering of the CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0009] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for determining transmit power, which is performed by a continuous electromagnetic wave node CWN. The method includes:

[0010] The CW is sent to the terminal, and the CW is used by the terminal to perform backscattering to obtain the uplink signal. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to the parameters. The terminal is an IoT terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0011] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for determining transmit power, performed by a network device, the method comprising:

[0012] Send indication information to the terminal, the indication information including parameters for determining the uplink signal transmission power; wherein the parameters are the power amplification value and / or transmission power value indicated by the network device, the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0013] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for determining transmit power, which is performed by an uplink receiver (UR), and the method includes:

[0014] The uplink signal sent by the receiving terminal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering of CW. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal based on parameters. The terminal is an IoT terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0015] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal, including:

[0016] Transceiver module, used to receive CW sent by CWN;

[0017] The processing module is used to determine the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the parameters, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering of the CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0018] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a CWN device, including:

[0019] The transceiver module is used to send CW to the terminal. The CW is used by the terminal to backscatter and obtain the uplink signal. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to parameters. The terminal is an IoT terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0020] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a network device, including:

[0021] a transceiver module, configured to send indication information to a terminal, the indication information including parameters for determining uplink signal transmission power;

[0022] The parameters are the power amplification value and / or transmit power value indicated by the network device, the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering the CW, and the terminal is an IoT terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0023] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a UR device, including:

[0024] The transceiver module is used to receive the uplink signal sent by the terminal. The uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering of CW. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal based on parameters. The terminal is an IoT terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0025] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, including:

[0026] one or more processors;

[0027] The communication device is used to execute the method of the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect or the fourth aspect.

[0028] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication system, including a terminal, a CWN device, a network device, and a UR device, wherein:

[0029] The terminal is configured to implement the method of the first aspect;

[0030] The CWN device is configured to implement the method of the second aspect;

[0031] The network device is configured to implement the method of the third aspect;

[0032] The UR device is configured to implement the method of the fourth aspect.

[0033] In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores instructions, wherein:

[0034] When the instructions are executed on the communication device, the communication device is caused to execute the method of the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect or the fourth aspect.

[0035] In a twelfth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a program product, wherein:

[0036] When the program product is executed by a communication device, the communication device is caused to execute the method of the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect, or the fourth aspect.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the terminal receives the CW, it can determine the corresponding uplink signal based on backscattering, and determine the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the parameters determined by itself or the parameters indicated by the network device, so that the terminal can use the appropriate transmission power for uplink transmission, which is conducive to improving the success rate of uplink signal reception. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following drawings required for describing the embodiments are introduced. The following drawings are merely some embodiments of the present disclosure and do not impose specific limitations on the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0039] FIG1 is an exemplary schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] FIG2a and FIG2b are exemplary interaction diagrams of a method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] FIG3 is an exemplary flowchart of a method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] FIG4 is an exemplary flowchart of a method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] FIG5 is an exemplary flowchart of a method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] FIG6 is an exemplary flowchart of a method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] FIG7a is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] FIG7 b is a schematic structural diagram of a CWN device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0047] FIG7c is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] FIG7 d is a schematic structural diagram of a UR device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0049] FIG8a is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0050] FIG8 b is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, terminal, device, system, and storage medium for determining transmit power.

[0052] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for determining transmit power, performed by a terminal, the method comprising:

[0053] Receive CW sent by continuous electromagnetic wave node CWN;

[0054] The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined according to the parameters, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering of the CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0055] In the above embodiment, when the terminal receives the CW, it can determine the corresponding uplink signal based on backscattering, and determine the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the parameters determined by itself or the parameters indicated by the network device, so that the terminal can use the appropriate transmission power for uplink transmission, which is conducive to improving the success rate of uplink signal reception.

[0056] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0057] receiving instruction information sent by a network device, where the instruction information includes parameters;

[0058] The parameter is a power amplification value and / or a transmission power value indicated by the network device.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the terminal obtains the parameters indicated by the network device by receiving the indication information, so that the terminal can determine the appropriate transmission power according to the indication of the network device.

[0060] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the transmit power of the uplink signal according to the parameter includes:

[0061] After receiving the indication information, the transmission power of the uplink signal in one or more uplink transmissions is determined according to the parameter.

[0062] In the above embodiment, the parameters sent by the network device in the indication information can be applied to one or more subsequent uplink transmissions, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of uplink transmission by the terminal.

[0063] In combination with the embodiment of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter becomes invalid after the terminal receives new indication information.

[0064] In the above embodiment, the terminal may promptly stop applying the parameters before the new indication information is received based on the timing of receiving the new indication information, so as to ensure the accuracy and rationality of determining the transmit power.

[0065] In combination with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the indication information is further used to schedule the terminal to send an uplink signal, wherein the parameter is used for a scheduled uplink transmission.

[0066] In the above embodiment, the indication information sent by the network device can be used to trigger uplink transmission of the terminal, so that the terminal determines the transmission power corresponding to the uplink transmission according to the parameters in the indication information.

[0067] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the transmit power of the uplink signal according to the parameter includes:

[0068] Determine the transmit power of the uplink signal based on the parameter and the number of frequency domain units occupied by the uplink signal;

[0069] Among them, the parameter is the normalized value corresponding to a single frequency domain unit.

[0070] In the above embodiment, when the parameter indicated by the network device is a normalized value, the terminal may determine the appropriate transmit power based on the number of frequency domain units occupied by the uplink signal.

[0071] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0072] Sending an uplink signal to the uplink receiver UR according to the transmit power;

[0073] Monitor the response information sent by UR.

[0074] In the above embodiment, after determining the transmit power, the terminal may perform uplink transmission to transmit information to the UR.

[0075] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, in multiple uplink signal transmissions by the terminal, the parameter corresponding to the Nth uplink signal transmission includes one of the following:

[0076] The ratio of the number of response messages received to the number of uplink signals sent before the terminal sends the Nth uplink signal;

[0077] The type of response information received by the terminal after sending the N-1th uplink signal;

[0078] Wherein, N is an integer.

[0079] In the above embodiment, the terminal can determine the parameters related to the transmission power based on different uplink signal transmission communication processes, so that the transmission power can be determined according to different parameters, thereby improving the flexibility of uplink transmission.

[0080] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the transmit power of the uplink signal transmitted by the terminal for the Nth time is less than the transmit power of the uplink signal transmitted for the N-1th time; or, the power amplification value of the uplink signal transmitted by the terminal for the Nth time is less than the power amplification value of the uplink signal transmitted for the N-1th time;

[0081] The proportion of positive acknowledgment information is greater than a first threshold, or the type of acknowledgment information received by the terminal after sending the N-1th uplink signal is positive acknowledgment information and the terminal receives multiple positive acknowledgment information consecutively.

[0082] In the above embodiment, before the uplink transmission, the terminal can adaptively reduce the transmission power or power amplification value of the uplink transmission based on the proportion of positive response information received and the type of the previous response information, thereby saving the terminal's energy consumption while ensuring successful reception at the receiving end.

[0083] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the transmit power of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is greater than the transmit power of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time, or the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is greater than the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time;

[0084] The proportion of positive acknowledgment information is less than a first threshold, or the type of acknowledgment information received by the terminal after sending the N-1th uplink signal is negative acknowledgment information.

[0085] In the above embodiment, before the current uplink transmission, the terminal adaptively increases the transmission power or power amplification value of the current uplink transmission according to the proportion of received positive response information and the type of the previous response information, thereby timely improving the uplink transmission success rate.

[0086] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the transmit power of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is the same as the transmit power of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time, or the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is the same as the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time;

[0087] The proportion of positive response information is less than or equal to a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, and the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.

[0088] In the above embodiment, the terminal can maintain the previous transmission power or power amplification value under appropriate conditions, thereby improving the efficiency of uplink communication.

[0089] In combination with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter is the receiving power of the terminal receiving the CW.

[0090] In the above embodiment, the terminal may adaptively determine the transmission power of the current uplink transmission according to the reception power of the CW in the uplink transmission.

[0091] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the transmit power of the uplink signal according to the parameter includes:

[0092] The transmit power of the uplink signal is determined according to the received power and the power amplification value of the CW, wherein:

[0093] The power amplification value is negatively correlated with the received power of the CW; or,

[0094] The power amplification value is determined according to the relationship between the received power of the CW and the set power threshold.

[0095] Optionally, a power amplification value of the terminal when the received power of the CW is less than a power threshold is greater than a power amplification value when the received power of the CW is greater than the power threshold.

[0096] In the above embodiment, when the CW received power is low during uplink transmission, the terminal can adaptively increase the power amplification value to improve the success rate of uplink transmission. When the CW received power is high, the terminal can adaptively reduce the power amplification value to ensure the success rate of uplink transmission and save energy.

[0097] Optionally, the power amplification value used by the terminal to determine the transmission power when the received power of the CW is greater than the set power threshold, and is less than the power amplification value used by the terminal to determine the transmission power when the received power of the CW is less than the set power threshold.

[0098] In the above embodiment, when the received power of the CW in uplink transmission is relatively large, the terminal can adaptively reduce the power amplification value, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal while ensuring successful uplink transmission.

[0099] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, when the difference between the received power of the CW and the set power threshold is greater than or equal to a first value, the power amplification value is a first power amplification value;

[0100] When the difference is smaller than the first value and greater than or equal to the second value, the power amplification value is the second power amplification value;

[0101] When the difference is less than the second value, the power amplification value is a third power amplification value;

[0102] The third power amplification value is greater than the second power amplification value and greater than the first power amplification value, and the first value is greater than the second value.

[0103] In combination with the embodiment of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the power threshold is set to the received power expected by the UR.

[0104] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the power amplification value satisfies:

[0105] Power amplification value = set power threshold - CW received power + backscatter loss.

[0106] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for determining transmit power, which is performed by a continuous electromagnetic wave node CWN. The method includes:

[0107] The CW is sent to the terminal, and the CW is used by the terminal to perform backscattering to obtain the uplink signal. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to the parameters. The terminal is an IoT terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0108] In combination with the embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter is a power amplification value and / or a transmission power value indicated by the network device to the terminal.

[0109] In conjunction with the embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter corresponding to the Nth uplink signal transmission of the terminal includes one of the following:

[0110] The ratio of the number of response messages received to the number of uplink signals sent before the terminal sends the Nth uplink signal;

[0111] The response information type corresponding to the N-1th uplink signal sent by the terminal;

[0112] Wherein, N is an integer.

[0113] In combination with the embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter is the receiving power of the terminal receiving the CW.

[0114] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for determining transmit power, performed by a network device, the method comprising:

[0115] Send indication information to the terminal, the indication information including parameters for determining the uplink signal transmission power; wherein the parameters are the power amplification value indicated by the network device and / or the transmission power value indicated by the network device, the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0116] In combination with the embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter is applicable to determining one or more transmission power of the terminal after receiving the indication information.

[0117] In combination with the embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter becomes invalid after the terminal receives new indication information.

[0118] In combination with the embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the indication information is further used to schedule the terminal to perform uplink transmission of an uplink signal, wherein the parameters indicated by the indication information are used for a scheduled uplink transmission.

[0119] In combination with the embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter is a normalized value corresponding to a single frequency domain unit.

[0120] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for determining transmit power, which is performed by an uplink receiver UR, and the method includes:

[0121] The uplink signal sent by the receiving terminal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering of CW. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal based on parameters. The terminal is an IoT terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0122] In conjunction with the embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0123] Send a response message to the terminal.

[0124] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal, including:

[0125] Transceiver module, used to receive CW sent by CWN;

[0126] The processing module is used to determine the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the parameters, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering of the CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0127] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a CWN device, including:

[0128] The transceiver module is used to send CW to the terminal. The CW is used by the terminal to backscatter and obtain the uplink signal. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to parameters. The terminal is an IoT terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0129] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a network device, including:

[0130] a transceiver module, configured to send indication information to a terminal, the indication information including parameters for determining uplink signal transmission power;

[0131] The parameter is a power amplification value and / or a transmission power value indicated by the network device. The uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering CW. The terminal is an IoT terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0132] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a UR device, including:

[0133] The transceiver module is used to receive the uplink signal sent by the terminal. The uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering of CW. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal based on parameters. The terminal is an IoT terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0134] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, including:

[0135] one or more processors;

[0136] The communication device is used to execute the method of the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect or the fourth aspect.

[0137] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication system, including a terminal, a CWN device, a network device, and a UR device, wherein:

[0138] The terminal is configured to implement the method of the first aspect;

[0139] The CWN device is configured to implement the method of the second aspect;

[0140] The network device is configured to implement the method of the third aspect;

[0141] The UR device is configured to implement the method of the fourth aspect.

[0142] In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores instructions, wherein:

[0143] When the instructions are executed on the communication device, the communication device is caused to execute the method of the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect or the fourth aspect.

[0144] In a twelfth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a program product, wherein:

[0145] When the program product is executed by a communication device, the communication device is caused to execute the method of the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect, or the fourth aspect.

[0146] In a thirteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method described in the optional implementation of the first and second aspects.

[0147] In a fourteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a chip or a chip system, wherein the chip or chip system includes a processing circuit configured to execute the method described in the optional implementation of the first and second aspects above.

[0148] It is understandable that the above-mentioned terminals, node devices, communication systems, storage media, program products, computer programs, chips, or chip systems are all used to perform the methods proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding methods and will not be repeated here.

[0149] The embodiments of the present disclosure are not exhaustive and are merely illustrative of some embodiments, and are not intended to be a specific limitation on the scope of protection of the present disclosure. In the absence of contradiction, each step in a certain embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a certain embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily exchanged. In addition, the optional implementation methods in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; in addition, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined. For example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0150] In each embodiment of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified or provided for by logic, the terms and / or descriptions between the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form a new embodiment based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0151] The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0152] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, elements expressed in the singular, such as "a", "an", "the", "above", "said", "the", "the", etc., may mean "one and only one", or "one or more", "at least one", etc. For example, when using articles such as "a", "an", "the" in English in translation, the noun following the article may be understood as a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0153] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, “plurality” refers to two or more.

[0154] In some embodiments, the terms "at least one," "one or more," "a plurality of," "multiple," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0155] In some embodiments, descriptions such as "at least one of A and B," "A and / or B," "A in one case, B in another case," or "in response to one case A, in response to another case B" may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); and in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The above is also applicable when there are more branches such as A, B, and C.

[0156] In some embodiments, "A or B" and other descriptions may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The above is also applicable when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0157] The prefixes such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different description objects and do not constitute any restriction on the position, order, priority, quantity or content of the description objects. For the statement of the description object, please refer to the description in the context of the claims or embodiments, and no unnecessary restriction should be constituted due to the use of prefixes. For example, if the description object is a "field", the ordinal number before the "field" in the "first field" and the "second field" does not limit the position or order between the "fields". "First" and "second" do not limit whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they limit the order of the "first field" and the "second field". For another example, if the description object is a "level", the ordinal number before the "level" in the "first level" and the "second level" does not limit the priority between the "levels". For another example, the number of description objects is not limited by the ordinal number and can be one or more. Taking "first device" as an example, the number of "devices" can be one or more. In addition, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the description object is "device", then the "first device" and the "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different; for another example, if the description object is "information", then the "first information" and the "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their contents can be the same or different.

[0158] In some embodiments, “including A,” “comprising A,” “used to indicate A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0159] In some embodiments, terms such as "in response to...", "in response to determining...", "in the case of...", "at the time of...", "when...", "if...", "if...", etc. can be used interchangeably.

[0160] In some embodiments, terms such as "greater than", "greater than or equal to", "not less than", "more than", "more than or equal to", "not less than", "higher than", "higher than or equal to", "not less than", and "above" can be replaced with each other, and terms such as "less than", "less than or equal to", "not greater than", "less than", "less than or equal to", "not more than", "lower than", "lower than or equal to", "not higher than", and "below" can be replaced with each other.

[0161] In some embodiments, devices and equipment can be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. In some cases, they can also be understood as "equipment", "device", "circuit", "network element", "node", "function", "unit", "section", "system", "network", "chip", "chip system", "entity", "subject", etc.

[0162] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in the network, such as access network equipment, core network equipment, etc.

[0163] In some embodiments, "access network device (AN device)" may also be referred to as "radio access network device (RAN device)", "base station (BS)", "radio base station", "fixed station", and in some embodiments may also be understood as "node", "access point", "transmission point (TP)", "reception point (RP)", "transmission and / or reception point (TRP)" "panel", "antenna panel", "antenna array", "cell", "macro cell", "small cell", "femto cell", "pico cell", "sector", "cell group", "serving cell", "carrier", "component carrier", "bandwidth part (BWP)", etc.

[0164] In some embodiments, "terminal" or "terminal device" may be referred to as "user equipment (UE)", "user terminal" "mobile station (MS)", "mobile terminal (MT)", subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, etc.

[0165] In some embodiments, obtaining data, information, etc. may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the data is obtained.

[0166] In some embodiments, data, information, etc. may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0167] In addition, each element, each row, or each column in the table of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the combination of any elements, any rows, and any columns can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0168] FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0169] As shown in Figure 1 , a communication system 100 may include at least one of the following: a terminal 101, a CWN 102, a network device 103, a UR 104, and an energy source node (ESN) 104. Optionally, the number of devices or nodes in Figure 1 is for illustration only, and in actual applications, multiple devices or nodes may be used.

[0170] In some embodiments, terminal 101 may be an Ambient-IoT terminal or device. Terminal 101 may not be equipped with a battery and may be excited and powered by received electromagnetic signals; or it may be equipped with a battery with a small amount of electrical storage capacity and obtain energy from the battery by obtaining external electromagnetic waves, thermal energy, kinetic energy, etc.

[0171] Optionally, the power acquisition and storage capabilities of the terminal 101 vary depending on the type and working mode of the terminal 101. The types of the terminal 101 include:

[0172] Device A: cannot independently generate or amplify signals. For example, Device A uses backscattering or backscattering communication and does not have the ability to amplify downlink (DL) and / or uplink (UL) signals.

[0173] Device B: Has energy storage capabilities but cannot independently generate signals. For example, Device B uses backscattering and can use stored energy to amplify DL and / or UL signals. Device A or Device B may use relatively simple modulation and demodulation methods, such as binary on-off keying (OOK) or phase-shift keying (PSK).

[0174] Device C: Has energy storage capabilities and can independently generate signals, such as a radio frequency (RF) module that actively transmits signals. Device C can use more complex modulation and coding schemes, such as OFDM modulation and demodulation.

[0175] Of the three types of terminals 101 described above, device C has the strongest capabilities and the highest terminal cost. Devices A and B have weaker capabilities and lower terminal costs. Furthermore, since devices A and B can only operate in backscatter mode and cannot actively transmit signals, their supported coverage range is smaller. However, the power consumption of device A or B in this operating mode is lower than that of device C.

[0176] In some embodiments, CWN 102 is used to transmit CWs, which Terminal 101 can use to transmit uplink information based on backscatter. CWN 103 can implement an excitation function, enabling Device A and Device B to perform uplink transmission based on backscatter. Furthermore, CWs can serve as an energy source (ES), providing energy to Terminal 101, which can receive and store CWs.

[0177] In some embodiments, network device 103 may function as a downlink signal node (DSN) to transmit downlink information or indication information. A DSN may also be a relay device, such as a relay UE. Network device 103 may include a base station. Network device 103 may transmit indication information to terminal 101 to trigger uplink transmission by terminal 101.

[0178] In some embodiments, UR 104 may be a terminal or user equipment (UE) other than terminal 101, and is configured to receive uplink information sent by Ambient-IoT terminal 101. For example, UR 104 may receive uplink information sent by terminal 101 based on backscatter communication, or receive uplink information actively transmitted by terminal 101.

[0179] In some embodiments, ESN 105 is used to provide energy to terminal 101. For example, ESN 105 functions as device B and device C. Due to the limited energy storage capacity supported by device A, ES signals other than CW may not be defined for device A. Alternatively, ES may also be used for device A.

[0180] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 , the Ambient-IoT communication system may include four links, for example: a link 1 for transmitting downlink information, a link 2 for receiving uplink information, a link 3 for sending CW, and a link 4 for sending a charging signal.

[0181] Optionally, link 4 may be controlled by the network. For example, the network may control ESN 105 to turn on or off charging of terminal 101. The energy provided by ESN 105 may come from electromagnetic waves or non-electromagnetic waves. In this case, ESN 105 can better coordinate with network scheduling and other functions to ensure that terminal 101 is charged while minimizing the impact on terminal 101's communications. Alternatively, ESN 105 is not controlled by the network. In other words, terminal 101 flexibly collects energy on its own based on its capabilities and the energy sources in the actual environment. For example, it collects electromagnetic or non-electromagnetic wave energy that is not controlled by the network, and there is no specific ESN 105 node. In this case, link 4 can be considered non-existent.

[0182] Optionally, the nodes involved in the four links in the above embodiment, such as DSN 102, CWN 103, ESN 104, and UR 105, can be independently configured, or can be the same node or device, or two, three, or four of them can be configured as one node or device. For example, in some embodiments, link 4 can be omitted or non-existent.

[0183] In some embodiments, the functions of the above-mentioned different nodes can be implemented or supported by a single device. For example, a single device can support the functions of multiple nodes or all of the above-mentioned nodes. Alternatively, a single device can correspond to a node with only one of the above-mentioned functions. A network, such as a network device, can coordinate the behavior of the above-mentioned different nodes, such as DSN 102, CWN 103, ESN 104, and UR 105, to support effective communication with terminal 101.

[0184] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 includes, for example, a mobile phone, a wearable device, an Internet of Things device, a car with communication function, a smart car, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, and at least one of a wireless terminal device in a smart home, but is not limited thereto.

[0185] In some embodiments, the network device 103 may include at least one of an access network device and a core network device.

[0186] In some embodiments, the access network device is, for example, a node or device that accesses a terminal to a wireless network. The access network device may include an evolved NodeB (eNB), a next generation evolved NodeB (ng-eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB), a node B (NB), a home node B (HNB), a home evolved nodeB (HeNB), a wireless backhaul device, a radio network controller (RNC), a base station controller (BSC), a base transceiver station (BTS), a base band unit (BBU), a mobile switching center, a base station in a 6G communication system, an open base station (Open RAN), a cloud base station (Cloud RAN), a base station in other communication systems, and at least one of an access node in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, but is not limited thereto.

[0187] In some embodiments, the technical solution of the present disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within the access network devices involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of the Open RAN, and the processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented through software or programs.

[0188] In some embodiments, the access network device can be composed of a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), where the CU can also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can be used to split the protocol layer of the access network device, with the functions of some protocol layers centrally controlled by the CU, and the functions of the remaining part or all of the protocol layers distributed in the DU, which is centrally controlled by the CU, but is not limited to this.

[0189] In some embodiments, the core network device can be a device including one or more network elements, or it can be multiple devices or device groups, each including all or part of one or more network elements. The network element can be virtual or physical. The core network includes, for example, at least one of the Evolved Packet Core (EPC), the 5G Core Network (5GCN), and the Next Generation Core (NGC). Alternatively, the core network device refers to a network element with a specific function, such as the Access Management Function (AMF), the Service Management Function (SMF), etc.

[0190] It can be understood that the communication system described in the embodiment of the present disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Ordinary technicians in this field can know that with the evolution of the system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0191] The following embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG. 1 , or a part of the main body thereof, but are not limited thereto.

[0192] The entities shown in Figure 1 are examples. The communication system may include all or part of the entities in Figure 1, and may also include other entities outside of Figure 1. The number and form of the entities are arbitrary. The connection relationship between the entities is an example. The entities may be connected or disconnected, and the connection may be in any manner, which may be direct or indirect, and may be wired or wireless.

[0193] The embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G new radio (NR), future radio access (FRA), new radio access technology (RAT), new radio (NR), new radio access (NX), future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), systems utilizing other communication processing methods, and next-generation systems based on and extending these. Furthermore, multiple systems may be combined (for example, a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0194] In the disclosed embodiment, the terminal 101 can communicate based on the backscattering method. Backscattering or backscatter communications is an extremely low-power modulation and transmission technology that uses the principle of backscattering of radio frequency signals, and is a means to achieve the intelligent connection of all things. In backscattering communication, CWN102 sends a radio frequency signal such as CW, the terminal 101 receives the electromagnetic wave, and the internal circuit of the terminal 101 modulates the information to be transmitted on the basis of the incident electromagnetic wave through load impedance modulation and other methods, and then sends out the modulated electromagnetic wave carrying the information. There are many ways to modulate information, such as amplitude shift keying (ASK), frequency-shift keying (FSK) or phase-shift keying (PSK).

[0195] In the disclosed embodiments, the Ambient IoT system can be used in application scenarios such as inventory management, sensors, positioning, and command execution. Ambient IoT's network coverage is limited, and information transmission between terminal 101 and the network is easily affected by the environment. In these application scenarios, terminal 101 must maintain a reliable connection to the network.

[0196] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, in the Ambient IOT system, for a terminal 101 with power amplification capability, how to determine the power of the uplink signal it sends or the power amplification value it applies is a problem that needs to be solved.

[0197] FIG2a is an interactive diagram illustrating a method for determining transmit power according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG2a , an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method for determining transmit power, the method comprising:

[0198] In step S2101 , the network device 103 sends instruction information to the terminal 101 .

[0199] Optionally, the indication information includes parameters, where the parameters are the power amplification value indicated by the network device 103 and / or the transmission power value indicated by the network device.

[0200] In one example, the network device 103 may indicate a power amplification value to the terminal 101 through indication information, where the power amplification value is used to power amplify a received CW during uplink transmission or uplink transmission by the terminal 101 .

[0201] In this example, the power amplification value may be 0 or greater than 0. When the power amplification value is 0, it indicates that the terminal 101 does not perform power amplification.

[0202] In this example, optionally, the terminal 101 may support one or more power amplification values, or support a continuous value within a numerical range, and the power amplification value indicated by the network device 103 may be one of the values ​​supported by the terminal 101 .

[0203] Optionally, when the indication information does not carry a power amplification value, it indicates that the power amplification value is a default value.

[0204] In another example, the network device 103 may indicate a transmit power value to the terminal 101 through indication information, so that the terminal 101 performs uplink transmission or uplink transmission based on the transmit power value.

[0205] In some embodiments, after receiving the indication information, the terminal may determine the transmission power of the uplink signal in one or more uplink transmissions according to the parameter, that is, the parameter is applicable to the determination of the transmission power of the terminal one or more times after receiving the indication information.

[0206] Optionally, the network device 103 sends corresponding indication information before each uplink transmission of the terminal 101. The indication information sent each time is applicable to an uplink transmission after the indication information, that is, the terminal 101 can apply the parameters in the indication information to determine the transmission power in the corresponding uplink transmission, so that power adjustment can be performed in a timely manner.

[0207] Optionally, the network device 103 sends an indication message once, and the parameters in the indication message are used for multiple uplink transmissions of the terminal 101 after the indication message, that is, the terminal 101 can apply the parameters in the indication message to determine multiple transmission powers, which is conducive to saving signaling resources.

[0208] Optionally, the indication information may be used to trigger uplink sending or uplink transmission of the terminal 101. Alternatively, the indication information is not used to trigger uplink sending of the terminal 101.

[0209] In one example, the indication information is also used to schedule the terminal to send an uplink signal, wherein the parameter is used for a scheduled uplink transmission.

[0210] In this example, the indication information sent by the network device 103 is used to trigger the terminal 101 to perform uplink transmission. The parameters in the indication information may be used only for the triggered or scheduled uplink transmission. Alternatively, the parameters in the indication information may be used for multiple uplink transmissions after the indication information.

[0211] In another example, the indication information sent by the network device 103 does not trigger uplink transmission of the terminal 101, and the parameters in the indication information can be applied to multiple uplink transmissions after the indication information.

[0212] In some embodiments, the parameter becomes invalid after the terminal receives new indication information.

[0213] Optionally, the new indication information includes or indicates new parameters, such as indicating to change the power amplification value in the original indication information.

[0214] Optionally, in combination with the description of the foregoing embodiment, the parameters in an indication message may be applicable to one or more uplink transmissions following the indication message, until the terminal 101 receives the next indication message containing new parameters.

[0215] In some embodiments, the parameter is a normalized value corresponding to a single frequency domain unit. In this case, the terminal 101 needs to determine the transmission power according to the number of frequency domain units and the normalized value.

[0216] Optionally, when the indication information is used to instruct the terminal 101 not to perform power amplification, if the power amplification value in the indication information is 0, it indicates that the terminal 101 does not perform power amplification in each frequency domain unit of uplink transmission.

[0217] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 receives the indication information, and may determine the uplink transmission power based on the indication information and perform uplink transmission.

[0218] Optionally, the terminal 101 may be a terminal supporting a power amplification function.

[0219] Optionally, if the terminal 101 is a terminal that does not support the power amplification function, the indication information may be ignored.

[0220] In one example, the network device 103 sends the indication information in a multicast or broadcast manner, and terminals that do not have a power amplification function will also receive the indication information. These terminals may ignore the indication information.

[0221] In another example, the terminal 101 supports the power amplification function, but due to the battery power being exhausted, the terminal 101 stops using the power amplification function. In this case, if the terminal 101 receives the indication information, it may ignore the indication information.

[0222] In step S2102 , CWN 102 sends a CW to terminal 101 .

[0223] Optionally, the CW is used by the terminal 101 to obtain an uplink signal based on backscattering.

[0224] In some embodiments, CWN 102 may be a separately configured node, or network device 103 may serve as CWN 102 , or UR 104 may serve as CWN 102 .

[0225] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 receives a CW, and the received power of the CW may be recorded as P1. Optionally, the backscatter loss or backscatter power loss when the terminal 101 performs backscattering is recorded as L1.

[0226] Optionally, the power amplification value indicated by the network device 103 is used by the terminal 101 to amplify the P1.

[0227] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 needs the CWN 102 to send a corresponding CW during each uplink transmission process.

[0228] Optionally, the terminal 101 may perform power amplification based on each CW.

[0229] Step S2103: Terminal 101 determines the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the parameters.

[0230] In some embodiments, in combination with the implementation of step S2101, the parameters indicated by the network device 103 may include a power amplification value and / or a transmission power value.

[0231] In one example, if the network device 103 indicates that the power amplification value is delta1 (unit: dB) through the indication information, the terminal 101 can determine the transmission power P according to the CW receiving power P1 and the power amplification value delta1 as follows: P = min {P MAX , P1-L1+delta1}, where P MAX The maximum uplink transmission power of terminal 101.

[0232] In another example, if the network device 103 indicates that the transmission power value is P' through the indication information, the terminal 101 can determine the transmission power P as follows: P = min {P MAX , P'}.

[0233] In some embodiments, if the parameter is a normalized value corresponding to a single frequency domain unit, the terminal 101 needs to determine the transmit power of the uplink signal based on the parameter and the number of frequency domain units occupied by the uplink signal.

[0234] For example, the network device 103 indicates that the normalized value of the power amplification value is delta1 (unit dB) through the indication information, and the number of frequency domain units occupied by the uplink signal of the terminal 101 is M, then the terminal 101 can determine the power amplification value to be applied as delta1+10log 10 (M), the transmission power P is: P = P1-L1+(delta1+10log 10 (M)).

[0235] For another example, the network device 103 indicates through the indication information that the normalized value of the transmit power value is delta1 (unit dB), and the number of frequency domain units occupied by the uplink signal of the terminal 101 is M, then the terminal 101 can determine the transmit power P to be applied as: P = delta1 + 10log 10 (M).

[0236] Step S2104, terminal 101 sends an uplink signal to UR104.

[0237] Optionally, the terminal 101 sends the uplink signal according to the determined transmit power.

[0238] Optionally, based on the CW receiving power P1, the terminal 101 may power-amplify the uplink signal before sending it.

[0239] In some embodiments, the frequency of the uplink signal may be exactly the same as the frequency of the CW or may be offset. The offset size is related to the hardware characteristics of the terminal 101 and may be a fixed value, or support multiple fixed values, or a dynamically adjusted value.

[0240] In some embodiments, the available spectrum resources of the Ambient IoT system can be divided into multiple subchannels, each of which occupies a fixed bandwidth and is orthogonal in frequency domain. Terminal 101 can use one or more of these subchannels to transmit uplink signals based on instructions from network device 103, or terminal 101 can select one or more subchannels to transmit uplink signals using an algorithm.

[0241] In some embodiments, UR 104 receives the uplink signal.

[0242] Step S2105, UR104 sends a response message to terminal 101.

[0243] Optionally, UR104 can send response information to terminal 101 based on the reception status of the uplink signal.

[0244] Optionally, the response information may include positive response information or negative response information. The response information may be in various forms, such as ACK for positive response information and NACK for negative response information. For another example, the positive response information may be a message returned by the receiving end to the sending end according to the data transmission process after receiving the message from the sending end.

[0245] For example, after UR104 correctly receives the uplink signal, it sends positive response information such as ACK to the terminal 101; if it fails to correctly receive the uplink signal, it sends negative response information such as NACK to the terminal 101, or does not respond.

[0246] In some embodiments, terminal 101 receives response information from UR 104 .

[0247] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc. are not limited to the names described in the embodiments, and terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", and "field" can be used interchangeably.

[0248] In some embodiments, "obtain", "get", "get", "receive", "transmit", "bidirectional transmission", "send and / or receive" can be interchangeable, and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from protocols, obtaining from higher layers, obtaining by self-processing, autonomous implementation, etc.

[0249] In some embodiments, terms such as "send", "transmit", "report", "download", "transmit", "bidirectional transmission", "send and / or receive" can be used interchangeably.

[0250] In some embodiments, the terms "radio", "wireless", "radio access network (RAN)", "access network (AN)", "RAN-based" and the like may be used interchangeably.

[0251] In some embodiments, terms such as "moment", "time point", "time", and "time position" can be replaced with each other, and terms such as "duration", "period", "time window", "window", and "time" can be replaced with each other.

[0252] In some embodiments, the terms "component carrier (CC)", "cell", "frequency carrier", "carrier frequency" and the like can be used interchangeably.

[0253] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain", "preset", "preset", "setting", "indicated", "a certain", "any", and "first" can be interchangeable. "Specific A", "preset A", "preset A", "setting A", "indicated A", "a certain A", "any A", and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-specified in a protocol, etc., or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or indication, etc., or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, etc., but not limited to this.

[0254] In some embodiments, the determination or judgment can be performed by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (Boolean value) represented by true or false, or by comparison of numerical values ​​(for example, comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

[0255] In some embodiments, "not expecting to receive" can be interpreted as not receiving on time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources, or as not performing subsequent processing on the data after receiving it; "not expecting to send" can be interpreted as not sending, or as sending but not expecting the recipient to respond to the content sent.

[0256] The method involved in the embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S2101 to S2105, such as the method includes steps S2102 to S2103.

[0257] In some embodiments, at least one of steps S2101, S2104, and S2105 may be omitted, and may be omitted or replaced by one or more methods in different embodiments.

[0258] In some embodiments, reference may be made to other optional implementations described before or after the description corresponding to FIG. 2 a .

[0259] FIG2b is an interactive diagram illustrating a method for determining transmit power according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG2b , an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method for determining transmit power, the method comprising:

[0260] In step S2201 , the network device 103 sends instruction information to the terminal 101 .

[0261] In some embodiments, the indication information is used to instruct the terminal 101 to perform uplink transmission or uplink transmission. Optionally, after receiving the indication information, the terminal 101 may respond or perform related operations, such as performing uplink transmission.

[0262] In some embodiments, the implementation of the indication information can also refer to the optional implementation of step S2101, which will not be repeated here.

[0263] In step S2202 , CWN 102 sends a CW to terminal 101 .

[0264] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S2202 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2102 and will not be repeated here.

[0265] In step S2203, the terminal 101 determines the transmission power of the uplink signal for the Nth transmission according to the parameters corresponding to the Nth uplink transmission.

[0266] Optionally, N is an integer, such as greater than or equal to 1.

[0267] In some embodiments, if the terminal 101 performs the first uplink transmission, the implementation of step S2203 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2203, and the transmission power is determined according to the instruction of the network device 103, which will not be repeated here.

[0268] In some embodiments, if the terminal 101 has performed at least one uplink transmission, in combination with the optional implementation of step S2105, step S2203 can independently determine the transmission power based on the response information.

[0269] In some embodiments, among multiple uplink signal transmissions by the terminal, a parameter corresponding to the Nth uplink signal transmission by the terminal includes one of the following:

[0270] The ratio of the number of response messages received to the number of uplink signals sent before the terminal sends the Nth uplink signal;

[0271] The type of response information received by the terminal after sending the N-1th uplink signal;

[0272] Wherein, N is an integer.

[0273] Optionally, the number of uplink signals sent is the number of response messages that the terminal 101 expects to receive.

[0274] Optionally, in combination with the implementation of step S2105, the terminal 101 may count the proportion of response information corresponding to the uplink signals sent historically, such as the proportion of ACKs, the proportion of NACKs, or the proportion of unanswered uplink signals.

[0275] Optionally, when the terminal 101 does not receive response information corresponding to the uplink signal within the set time period, it is included in the proportion of unanswered uplink signals.

[0276] Optionally, the terminal 101 may perform uplink transmission with different URs 104, and the terminal 101 needs to separately count the proportion of response information corresponding to each UR 104. Based on the proportion of UR 104 response information, the uplink transmission power of the UR 104 is adjusted.

[0277] Optionally, the response information type received by the terminal after sending the N-1th uplink signal refers to the response information type corresponding to the N-1th uplink signal. For example, based on the set duration, the terminal can receive the response information corresponding to the uplink signal after each uplink signal is sent and before the next uplink signal is sent. Alternatively, in other examples, if the response information type corresponding to the N-1th uplink signal may be received after sending the N-1th uplink signal, the response information type corresponding to the uplink signal before the N-1th may also be received. In this case, the response information type received after the N-1th uplink signal may only include the response information type corresponding to the N-1th uplink signal.

[0278] In one example, the transmit power of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is less than the transmit power of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time; or, the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is less than the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time;

[0279] The proportion of positive acknowledgment information is greater than a first threshold, or the type of acknowledgment information received by the terminal after sending the N-1th uplink signal is positive acknowledgment information and the terminal receives multiple positive acknowledgment information consecutively.

[0280] In this example, when the proportion of positive acknowledgment information is greater than a first threshold, terminal 101 may adjust the transmit power or power amplification value to a lower value in the current uplink transmission compared to the previous uplink transmission. For example, the first threshold may be 95%. After terminal 101 transmits an uplink signal to UR1, UR1 correctly receives the uplink signal and sends an ACK to terminal 101. Prior to this transmission, if terminal 101 determines that the proportion of ACKs to the total number of uplink signals sent to UR1 is greater than or equal to 95%, such as between 95% and 100%, terminal 101 may reduce the power amplification value used in the current uplink transmission to UR1.

[0281] In this example, when terminal 101 has received multiple positive acknowledgment messages, including the last positive acknowledgment message, terminal 101 may adjust the transmit power or power gain of the current uplink transmission to a lower value compared to the last uplink transmission. For example, based on the acknowledgment message of the last uplink transmission, if terminal 101 received a NACK message, the power gain of the current uplink transmission may be increased; if K consecutive ACK messages are received, the power gain may be decreased, where the value of K may be defined by the protocol, configured by the network, or implemented by the terminal itself. Where K > 1.

[0282] In another example, the transmit power of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is greater than the transmit power of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time, or the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is greater than the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time;

[0283] The proportion of positive acknowledgment information is less than a first threshold, or the type of acknowledgment information received by the terminal after sending the N-1th uplink signal is negative acknowledgment information.

[0284] In this example, when the proportion of positive acknowledgment information is less than the first threshold, the terminal 101 may increase the transmission power or power amplification value in this uplink transmission compared to the previous uplink transmission. For example, the first threshold may be 95%. Before this transmission, if the proportion of ACK in the uplink transmission between the terminal 101 and UR1 is less than 95%, the terminal 101 may increase the transmission power or power amplification value of this uplink transmission. For another example, the first threshold may be 90%. Before this transmission, if the proportion of ACK in the uplink transmission between the terminal 101 and UR1 is less than 90%, the terminal 101 may increase the transmission power or power amplification value of this uplink transmission.

[0285] In another example, the transmission power of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is the same as the transmission power of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time; wherein, the proportion of affirmative response information is less than or equal to the first threshold and greater than or equal to the second threshold, and the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.

[0286] In this example, the first threshold can be 95% and the second threshold can be 90%. When the proportion of positive response information such as ACK is between 90% and 95%, the terminal 101 can maintain the power amplification value or transmission power used last time in this uplink transmission to avoid the terminal 101 frequently adjusting the power.

[0287] Optionally, the thresholds or value ranges in the above three examples may be defined by a protocol, configured by a network device, or implemented by the terminal itself.

[0288] In some embodiments, the parameter is the receiving power of the terminal receiving the CW.

[0289] Optionally, the terminal 101 may determine or detect the received power of the CW during the CW reception process.

[0290] Optionally, in each uplink transmission, the CWN 102 needs to provide a CW corresponding to the uplink transmission, that is, each uplink transmission corresponds to the receiving power of the CW.

[0291] In some embodiments, the terminal determines the transmit power of the uplink signal based on the received power and the power amplification value of the CW, wherein:

[0292] The power amplification value is negatively correlated with the received power of the CW; or, the power amplification value is determined according to the relationship between the received power of the CW and a set power threshold.

[0293] In one example, if the CW received power is low, a higher power amplification value is applied; if the CW received power is high, a lower power amplification value is applied, or no power amplification is applied. For example, the power amplification value determined by the terminal when the CW received power is less than a power threshold is greater than the power amplification value when the CW received power is greater than the power threshold; the transmit power is determined based on the CW received power and the power amplification value.

[0294] In this example, when the CW received power is less than the power threshold, that is, when the CW received power is low, a larger power amplification value is applied to ensure sufficient transmit power.

[0295] In another example, the set power threshold may be the received power expected by the UR. For example, when the received power of the CW is greater than the received power expected by the UR, the terminal determines the power gain value used by the transmit power; when the received power of the CW is less than the received power expected by the UR, the terminal determines the power gain value used by the transmit power.

[0296] In this example, the terminal 101 can compare the set power threshold such as the signal receiving power P expected by the UR UR and the receiving power P of the CW received by terminal 101 r-CW The fact that the CW receiving power is greater than the UR expected receiving power indicates that the terminal 101 can meet the UR receiving requirement without power amplification or with a small degree of power amplification, and the terminal 101 can use a smaller power amplification value.

[0297] In this example, the terminal 101 may also compare the difference between the CW receiving power and the set power threshold, select an appropriate power amplification value according to the difference, and then determine the transmission power.

[0298] For example, the difference P between the received power of CW and the received power expected by the set power threshold such as UR r-CW -P UR Greater than or equal to the first value (such as the first value is recorded as Threshold1), that is, P r-CW -P UR ≥Threshold1, the power amplification value is the first power amplification value delta 1, and the terminal determines the transmit power based on delta 1;

[0299] Difference P r-CW -P UR Less than the first value and greater than or equal to the second value (such as the second value is recorded as Threshold2), that is, Threshold2≤P r-CW -PUR When <Threshold 1, the power amplification value is the second power amplification value delta 2, and the terminal determines the transmit power according to delta 2;

[0300] The difference is less than the second value such as P r-CW -P UR <Threshold 2, the power amplification value is a third power amplification value delta 3, and the terminal determines the transmit power according to the third power amplification value delta 3;

[0301] The third power amplification value delta 3 is greater than the second power amplification value delta 2 and greater than the first power amplification value delta 1, and the first value Threshold 1 is greater than the second value Threshold 2.

[0302] In this example, the received power of the CW is higher, so the applied power amplification value is smaller, or no power amplification is applied.

[0303] In some embodiments, the power amplification value satisfies the following equation: power amplification value = set power threshold - CW received power + backscatter loss. Terminal 101 can use this to determine the power amplification value and, in turn, the transmit power. For example, if the transmit power is (power amplification value + CW received power), terminal 101 amplifies the CW received power based on the power amplification value.

[0304] Step S2204, terminal 101 sends an uplink signal to UR104.

[0305] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S2204 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2104 and will not be repeated here.

[0306] Step S2205, UR104 sends a response message to terminal 101.

[0307] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S2205 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 and will not be repeated here.

[0308] The method involved in the embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S2201 to S2205, such as the method includes steps S2202 to S2203.

[0309] In some embodiments, reference may be made to other optional implementations described before or after the description corresponding to FIG. 2 b .

[0310] FIG3 is a flow chart of a method for determining transmit power according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3 , an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method for determining transmit power, which is executed by terminal 101 and includes:

[0311] Step S3101: Receive the CW sent by the CWN.

[0312] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S3101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2102 and will not be repeated here.

[0313] Step S3102: Determine the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the parameters.

[0314] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S3102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2103 and will not be repeated here.

[0315] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S3102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2203 and will not be repeated here.

[0316] In some embodiments, the method may further include:

[0317] receiving instruction information sent by a network device, where the instruction information includes parameters;

[0318] The parameter is a power amplification value indicated by the network device and / or a transmission power value indicated by the network device.

[0319] Optionally, the parameter is applicable to one or more determinations of the transmission power of the terminal after receiving the indication information.

[0320] Optionally, the parameter becomes invalid after the terminal receives new indication information.

[0321] Optionally, the indication information is further used to schedule the terminal to perform uplink transmission of an uplink signal, wherein the parameters indicated by the indication information are used for a scheduled uplink transmission.

[0322] Optionally, determining the transmit power of the uplink signal according to the parameter includes:

[0323] Determine the transmit power of the uplink signal based on the parameter and the number of frequency domain units occupied by the uplink signal;

[0324] Among them, the parameter is the normalized value corresponding to a single frequency domain unit.

[0325] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0326] Sending an uplink signal to the uplink receiver UR according to the transmit power;

[0327] Monitor the response information sent by UR.

[0328] In some embodiments, the parameter corresponding to the Nth uplink signal transmission by the terminal includes one of the following:

[0329] The ratio of the number of response messages received to the number of uplink signals sent before the terminal sends the Nth uplink signal;

[0330] The response information type corresponding to the N-1th uplink signal sent by the terminal;

[0331] Wherein, N is an integer.

[0332] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is less than the transmit power of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time; or, the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is less than the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time;

[0333] The proportion of positive acknowledgment information is greater than a first threshold, or the type of acknowledgment information corresponding to the N-1th uplink signal sent by the terminal is positive acknowledgment information and the terminal receives multiple positive acknowledgment information consecutively.

[0334] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is greater than the transmit power of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time, or the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is greater than the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time;

[0335] The proportion of positive acknowledgment information is less than a first threshold, or the type of acknowledgment information corresponding to the N-1th uplink signal transmission by the terminal is negative acknowledgment information.

[0336] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is the same as the transmit power of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time;

[0337] The proportion of positive response information is less than or equal to a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, and the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.

[0338] In some embodiments, the parameter is the receiving power of the terminal receiving the CW.

[0339] In some embodiments, the transmit power is determined based on the received power of the CW and the power amplification value, where:

[0340] The power amplification value is negatively correlated with the received power of the CW; or, the power amplification value is determined according to the relationship between the received power of the CW and a set power threshold.

[0341] In some embodiments, when the difference between the received power of the CW and the set power threshold is greater than or equal to a first value, the power amplification value is a first power amplification value;

[0342] When the difference is less than the first value and greater than or equal to the second value, the power amplification value is the second power amplification value;

[0343] When the difference is less than the second value, the power amplification value is the third power amplification value;

[0344] The third power amplification value is greater than the second power amplification value and greater than the first power amplification value, and the first value is greater than the second value.

[0345] In some embodiments, the power threshold is set to the received power expected by the UR.

[0346] In some embodiments, the power amplification value satisfies:

[0347] Power amplification value = set power threshold - CW received power + backscatter loss.

[0348] In some embodiments, reference may be made to other optional implementations described before or after the description corresponding to FIG. 3 .

[0349] FIG4 is a flow chart of a method for determining transmit power according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG4 , an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method for determining transmit power, which is executed by CWN 102 and includes:

[0350] Step S4101, sending CW to terminal 101.

[0351] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S4101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2102 and will not be repeated here.

[0352] In some embodiments, the parameter is a power amplification value and / or a transmission power value indicated by the network device to the terminal.

[0353] In some embodiments, the parameter corresponding to the Nth uplink signal transmission by the terminal includes one of the following:

[0354] The ratio of the number of response messages received to the number of uplink signals sent before the terminal sends the Nth uplink signal;

[0355] The response information type corresponding to the N-1th uplink signal sent by the terminal;

[0356] Wherein, N is an integer.

[0357] In some embodiments, the parameter is the receiving power of the terminal receiving the CW.

[0358] In some embodiments, reference may be made to other optional implementations described before or after the description corresponding to FIG. 4 .

[0359] FIG5 is a flow chart of a method for determining transmit power according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG5 , an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method for determining transmit power, which is executed by network device 103 and includes:

[0360] Step S5101, sending instruction information to terminal 101.

[0361] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S5101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 and will not be repeated here.

[0362] Optionally, the indication information includes parameters for determining the uplink signal transmission power; wherein the parameters are the power amplification value indicated by the network device and / or the transmission power value indicated by the network device, the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering the CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0363] In some embodiments, the parameter is applicable to one or more determinations of the transmit power of the terminal after receiving the indication information.

[0364] In some embodiments, the parameter becomes invalid after the terminal receives new indication information.

[0365] In some embodiments, the indication information is further used to schedule the terminal to perform uplink transmission of an uplink signal, wherein the parameters indicated by the indication information are used for a scheduled uplink transmission.

[0366] In some embodiments, the parameter is a normalized value corresponding to a single frequency domain unit.

[0367] In some embodiments, reference may be made to other optional implementations described before or after the description corresponding to FIG. 5 .

[0368] FIG6 is a flow chart of a method for determining transmit power according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG6 , an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method for determining transmit power, which is executed by UR104 and includes:

[0369] Step S6101: Receive an uplink signal sent by terminal 101.

[0370] In some embodiments, the implementation of step S6101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2104 and will not be repeated here.

[0371] Optionally, the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering the CW, the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to parameters, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0372] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0373] Send a response message to the terminal.

[0374] In some embodiments, reference may be made to other optional implementations described before or after the description corresponding to FIG. 6 .

[0375] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for determining the power of an uplink signal sent by a device with power amplification capability or the power amplification value applied thereto in an Ambient IoT network.

[0376] Optionally, device corresponds to the terminal 101 in the aforementioned embodiment. To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure, some examples are listed below:

[0377] Example 1:

[0378] Devices operating in backscatter mode may use power amplification when sending uplink signals. The device may support a single power amplification value, multiple power amplification values, or a continuous range of values.

[0379] Example 2:

[0380] The power amplification value supported by the device is also limited by the maximum uplink power P of the device. MAX For example, the power of CW received by the device is P1, the backscatter power loss is L1, the power amplification value to be applied is delta1, and the maximum transmit power of the device is P MAX , then the device's transmission power P=min{P MAX ,P1-L1+delta1}.

[0381] Example 3:

[0382] Determines the power of the uplink signal sent by the device. It can be instructed by the network or adjusted by the device itself.

[0383] Example 4:

[0384] The network instructs the device through downlink instructions on the power amplification value to be applied when performing backscattering, or on the transmit power of the device when sending uplink signals during backscattering.

[0385] Optionally, the downlink instruction corresponds to the indication information of the aforementioned embodiment.

[0386] In the first implementation, the downlink instruction can be used to trigger the uplink transmission of the device.

[0387] i. The power amplification value or transmit power indicated in the downlink instruction may be applied only to the uplink transmission triggered at that time, or may be applied to multiple uplink transmissions after the downlink instruction (until another downlink instruction changes the power amplification value);

[0388] In the second implementation, the downlink instruction may not trigger the uplink transmission of the device.

[0389] i. The power amplification value or transmit power indicated in the downlink instruction can be applied to multiple uplink transmissions after the downlink instruction (until another downlink instruction changes the power amplification value).

[0390] In a third implementation manner, the power amplification value may be indicated as not performing power amplification.

[0391] In a fourth embodiment, the power amplification value or the transmission power may be a normalized value for a frequency domain unit.

[0392] i. The power value of the device when performing uplink transmission depends on the calculation result of the normalized value and the number of frequency domain units occupied by the device's uplink transmission signal. Assuming that the normalized value is delta1 (dB unit) and the number of frequency domain units occupied by the device's uplink transmission is N, the power amplification value or transmission power to be applied by the device is delta1+10log 10 (N).

[0393] ii. When it is instructed not to perform power amplification, power amplification is not performed in each frequency domain unit.

[0394] In the fifth implementation, if the device does not support power amplification, the device will ignore the command.

[0395] i. For example, if the downlink instruction is multicast or broadcast, a device without a power amplification function may also receive the instruction, and such a device will ignore the instruction.

[0396] ii. For another example, the device originally supports the power amplification function, but due to battery exhaustion, the device stops using the power amplification function.

[0397] Example 5:

[0398] The device automatically adjusts the power gain of the uplink signal (or equivalently, the power of the uplink signal). This can be done in the following ways:

[0399] A. The device can count the proportion of ACKs (or NACKs, non-responses) received in the uplink signals sent historically to determine whether to apply a larger, smaller, or maintain the original power amplification value, or not apply power amplification. For example, the device transmits an uplink signal to network node 1 (UR1). After network node 1 (UR1) correctly receives the signal sent by the device, it sends an ACK response to the device. If the proportion of ACKs sent by network node 1 (UR1) to the device is 95% to 100%, the device can reduce the power amplification value used for the uplink transmission to network node 1. If the ACK proportion is 90% to 95%, the device can maintain the power amplification value used for the uplink transmission. If the ACK proportion is less than 90%, the device can increase the power amplification value used for the uplink transmission. The numerical range can be defined by the protocol, configured by the network, or implemented by the terminal itself.

[0400] B. Adjust based on whether the last uplink transmission received an ACK or NACK. For example, if a NACK was received last time, the power amplifier value is increased; if N ACKs are received consecutively, the power amplifier value is decreased. The value of N can be defined by the protocol, configured by the network, or implemented by the terminal itself.

[0401] C. In the above A and B, the device may perform uplink transmission with multiple different network nodes (URs). For different URs, the device can separately count the above ACK / NACK situations and apply them to the uplink transmission to different URs.

[0402] D. Adjust based on the received CW signal power. If the CW signal power is low, a larger power amplification value is applied. If the received CW signal power is high, a smaller power amplification value is applied, or no power amplification is applied. For example, the device can compare the UR's expected received signal power P UR and the CW power P received by this device r-CW , and then determine the power amplification value that the device should apply when sending uplink to UR based on the difference between the two. For example, when P r-CW -P UR >=threshold 1, the device uses a smaller power amplification value delta 1 or does not use transmit power amplification. r-CW -P UR >= threshold 2, the device uses a larger power amplification value delta 2. When P r-CW -P UR When the power is less than or equal to threshold 2, the device uses a larger power amplification value of delta 3.

[0403] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is provided, comprising units or modules for implementing each step performed by a terminal in any of the above methods. For another example, another apparatus is provided, comprising units or modules for implementing each step performed by a node device or network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network function node, a core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0404] It should be understood that the division of the various units or modules in the above device is merely a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, they may be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity, or they may be physically separated. In addition, the units or modules in the device may be implemented in the form of a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor, the processor is connected to a memory, and the memory stores instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or implement the functions of the various units or modules of the above device, wherein the processor is, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory is a memory within the device or a memory outside the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits, and the functions of some or all of the units or modules can be realized by designing the hardware circuits. The above-mentioned hardware circuits can be understood as one or more processors; for example, in one implementation, the above-mentioned hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), which realizes the functions of some or all of the above units or modules by designing the logical relationship of the components in the circuit; for example, in another implementation, the above-mentioned hardware circuit can be realized by a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gate circuits, and the connection relationship between the logic gate circuits is configured by configuring the configuration file, thereby realizing the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. All units or modules of the above devices can be realized in the form of software called by the processor, or in the form of hardware circuits, or in part by the form of software called by the processor, and the rest by hardware circuits.

[0405] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction reading and execution capabilities, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationship of the hardware circuit. The logical relationship of the above-mentioned hardware circuit is fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented by an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and implementing the hardware circuit configuration can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. In addition, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), a tensor processing unit (TPU), a deep learning processing unit (DPU), etc.

[0406] Figure 7a is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 7a, terminal 7100 may include at least one of a transceiver module 7101 and a processing module 7102. In some embodiments, transceiver module 7101 is configured to receive a CW transmitted by a CWN. Processing module 7102 is configured to determine the transmit power of an uplink signal based on parameters. The uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering the CW. The terminal is an IoT terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0407] Optionally, the transceiver module 7101 is used to perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving performed by the terminal 7100 in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here. Optionally, the processing module 7102 is used to perform at least one of the other steps performed by the terminal 7100 in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0408] Figure 7b is a schematic diagram of the structure of a CWN device proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 7b, CWN device 7200 may include at least one of a transceiver module 7201 and a processing module 7202. In some embodiments, transceiver module 7201 is configured to transmit a CW to a terminal. The CW is used by the terminal to backscatter an uplink signal. The transmit power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal based on parameters. The terminal is an IoT terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0409] Optionally, the transceiver module 7201 is configured to execute at least one of the communication steps, such as sending and / or receiving, performed by the CWN device 7200 in any of the above methods, and will not be described in detail here. Optionally, the processing module 7202 is configured to execute at least one of the other steps performed by the CWN device 7200 in any of the above methods, and will not be described in detail here.

[0410] Figure 7c is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network device proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 7c, network device 7300 may include at least one of a transceiver module 7301 and a processing module 7302. In some embodiments, transceiver module 7301 transmits instruction information to a terminal, the instruction information including parameters for determining the transmit power of an uplink signal; the parameters are power amplification values ​​and / or transmit power values ​​indicated by the network device, the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering of a CW, and the terminal is an IoT terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0411] Figure 7d is a schematic diagram of the structure of a UR device proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 7d, UR device 7400 may include at least one of a transceiver module 7401 and a processing module 7402. In some embodiments, transceiver module 7401 is configured to receive uplink signals transmitted by a terminal. The uplink signals are obtained by the terminal by backscattering CW signals. The transmit power of the uplink signals is determined by the terminal based on parameters. The terminal is an IoT terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

[0412] In some embodiments, the transceiver module may include a transmitting module and / or a receiving module, and the transmitting module and the receiving module may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the transceiver module may be interchangeable with the transceiver.

[0413] In some embodiments, the processing module can be a single module or can include multiple submodules. Optionally, the multiple submodules each execute all or part of the steps required to be executed by the processing module. Optionally, the processing module can be interchangeable with the processor.

[0414] Figure 8a is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 8100 proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Communication device 8100 can be a node device or network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network device, etc.), or a terminal (e.g., a user device, etc.). It can also be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports a network device to implement any of the above methods, or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports a terminal to implement any of the above methods. Communication device 8100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments. For details, please refer to the description of the above method embodiments.

[0415] As shown in Figure 8a, the communication device 8100 includes one or more processors 8101. The processor 8101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, for example, a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device (such as a base station, a baseband chip, a terminal device, a terminal device chip, a DU or a CU, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Optionally, the communication device 8100 is used to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, one or more processors 8101 are used to call instructions to enable the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods.

[0416] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 further includes one or more transceivers 8102. When the communication device 8100 includes one or more transceivers 8102, the transceiver 8102 performs at least one of the communication steps, such as sending and / or receiving, in the above-described method, and the processor 8101 performs at least one of the other steps. In an optional embodiment, the transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, and the receiver and transmitter may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, and interface may be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, and transmitting circuit may be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, and receiving circuit may be used interchangeably.

[0417] In some embodiments, the communication device 8100 further includes one or more memories 8103 for storing data. Alternatively, all or part of the memories 8103 may be located outside the communication device 8100. In alternative embodiments, the communication device 8100 may include one or more interface circuits 8104. Optionally, the interface circuits 8104 are connected to the memories 8103 and may be configured to receive data from the memories 8103 or other devices, or to send data to the memories 8103 or other devices. For example, the interface circuits 8104 may read data stored in the memories 8103 and send the data to the processor 8101.

[0418] The communication device 8100 described in the above embodiment may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 8100 described in the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 8100 may not be limited by FIG. 8a. The communication device may be an independent device or may be part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: 1) an independent integrated circuit IC, or a chip, or a chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the above IC collection may also include a storage component for storing data or programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, a terminal device, an intelligent terminal device, a cellular phone, a wireless device, a handheld device, a mobile unit, an in-vehicle device, a network device, a cloud device, an artificial intelligence device, etc.; (8) others, etc.

[0419] FIG8b is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip 8200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. If the communication device 8100 can be a chip or a chip system, reference can be made to the schematic diagram of the structure of the chip 8200 shown in FIG8b, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0420] The chip 8200 includes one or more processors 8201. The chip 8200 is configured to execute any of the above methods.

[0421] In some embodiments, chip 8200 further includes one or more interface circuits 8202. Terms such as interface circuit, interface, and transceiver pins may be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, chip 8200 further includes one or more memories 8203 for storing data. Alternatively, all or part of memory 8203 may be located external to chip 8200. Optionally, interface circuit 8202 is connected to memory 8203 and may be used to receive data from memory 8203 or other devices, or may be used to send data to memory 8203 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 8202 may read data stored in memory 8203 and send the data to processor 8201.

[0422] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 8202 performs at least one of the communication steps, such as sending and / or receiving, in the above-described method. For example, the interface circuit 8202 performing the communication steps, such as sending and / or receiving, in the above-described method means that the interface circuit 8202 performs data exchange between the processor 8201, the chip 8200, the memory 8203, or the transceiver device. In some embodiments, the processor 8201 performs at least one of the other steps.

[0423] The modules and / or devices described in various embodiments, such as virtual devices, physical devices, and chips, can be arbitrarily combined or separated according to circumstances. Optionally, some or all steps can also be performed collaboratively by multiple modules and / or devices, which is not limited here.

[0424] The present disclosure also proposes a storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed on the communication device 8100, causes the communication device 8100 to execute any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but is not limited thereto, and may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but is not limited thereto, and may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0425] The present disclosure also provides a program product, which, when executed by the communication device 8100, enables the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0426] The present disclosure also proposes a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform any one of the above methods. Industrial Applicability

[0427] When the terminal receives the CW, it can determine the corresponding uplink signal based on backscattering, and determine the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the parameters determined by itself or the parameters indicated by the network device. In this way, the terminal can use the appropriate transmission power for uplink transmission, which is conducive to improving the success rate of uplink signal reception.

Claims

1. A method for determining transmit power, performed by a terminal, the method comprising: Receive the continuous electromagnetic wave CW sent by the continuous electromagnetic wave node CWN; The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined according to the parameter, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering the CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises: receiving indication information sent by a network device, where the indication information includes the parameter; The parameter is a power amplification value and / or a transmission power value indicated by the network device.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The determining the transmit power of the uplink signal according to the parameter includes: After receiving the indication information, the transmission power of the uplink signal in one or more uplink transmissions is determined according to the parameter.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The parameter becomes invalid after the terminal receives new indication information.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The indication information is further used to schedule the terminal to send the uplink signal, wherein the parameter is used for a scheduled uplink transmission.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein: The determining the transmit power of the uplink signal according to the parameter includes: determining the transmit power of the uplink signal according to the parameter and the number of frequency domain units occupied by the uplink signal; The parameter is a normalized value corresponding to a single frequency domain unit.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein: The method further comprises: sending the uplink signal to an uplink receiver UR according to the transmit power; Monitor the response information sent by the UR.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: In multiple uplink signal transmissions by the terminal, a parameter corresponding to the Nth uplink signal transmission includes one of the following: Before the terminal sends the Nth uplink signal, the ratio of the number of response messages received to the number of uplink signals sent; The type of response information received by the terminal after sending the N-1th uplink signal; Wherein, N is an integer.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein: The transmission power of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is less than the transmission power of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time; or, The power amplification value of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is less than the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time; The proportion of positive response information is greater than a first threshold; or the type of response information received by the terminal after sending the N-1th uplink signal is positive response information and the terminal receives multiple positive response information consecutively.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein: The transmission power of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is greater than the transmission power of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time, or The power amplification value of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is greater than the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time; The proportion of positive acknowledgment information is less than a first threshold; or the type of acknowledgment information received by the terminal after sending the uplink signal N-1 times is negative acknowledgment information.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein: The transmit power of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is the same as the transmit power of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time, or the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is the same as the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time; The proportion of positive response information is less than or equal to a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, and the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.

12. The method according to claim 1 or 7, wherein: The parameter is the receiving power of the terminal receiving the CW.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein: The determining the transmit power of the uplink signal according to the parameter includes: The transmit power of the uplink signal is determined according to the received power and the power amplification value of the CW, wherein: The power amplification value is negatively correlated with the received power of the CW; or, the power amplification value is determined according to the relationship between the received power of the CW and a set power threshold.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein: When the difference between the received power of the CW and the set power threshold is greater than or equal to a first value, the power amplification value is a first power amplification value; When the difference is smaller than the first value and greater than or equal to the second value, the power amplification value is the second power amplification value; When the difference is less than the second value, the power amplification value is a third power amplification value; The third power amplification value is greater than the second power amplification value and greater than the first power amplification value, and the first value is greater than the second value.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: The set power threshold is the received power expected by the UR.

16. The method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein The power amplification value satisfies: Power amplification value = set power threshold - CW received power + backscatter loss.

17. A method for determining transmission power, performed by a continuous electromagnetic wave node (CWN), the method comprising: A CW is sent to a terminal, where the CW is used by the terminal to perform backscattering to obtain an uplink signal. The transmit power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to parameters. The terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein: The parameter is a power amplification value and / or a transmit power value indicated by the network device to the terminal.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein: In multiple uplink signal transmissions by the terminal, a parameter corresponding to the Nth uplink signal transmission includes one of the following: Before the terminal sends the Nth uplink signal, the ratio of the number of response messages received to the number of sent uplink signals; The type of response information received by the terminal after sending the N-1th uplink signal; Wherein, N is an integer.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein: The parameter is the receiving power of the terminal receiving the CW.

21. A method for determining transmit power, performed by a network device, the method comprising: Send indication information to the terminal, where the indication information includes parameters for determining the uplink signal transmission power; wherein the parameters are the power amplification value and / or the transmission power value indicated by the network device, the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein: The parameter is applicable to determining the uplink signal transmission power in one or more uplink transmissions by the terminal after receiving the indication information.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein: The parameter becomes invalid after the terminal receives new indication information.

24. The method of claim 21, wherein: The indication information is further used to schedule the terminal to send the uplink signal, wherein the parameter is used for the scheduled uplink transmission.

25. The method of claim 21, wherein The parameter is a normalized value corresponding to a single frequency domain unit.

26. A method for determining transmit power, performed by an uplink receiver UR, the method comprising: An uplink signal is received from a terminal, where the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering CW. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to parameters. The terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein: The method further comprises: Sending response information to the terminal.

28. A terminal comprising: Transceiver module, used to receive CW sent by CWN; A processing module is used to determine the transmission power of an uplink signal according to a parameter, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering the CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

29. A CWN device, comprising: The transceiver module is used to send a CW to the terminal. The CW is used by the terminal to perform backscattering to obtain an uplink signal. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to parameters. The terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

30. A network device comprising: a transceiver module, configured to send indication information to a terminal, wherein the indication information includes parameters for determining an uplink signal transmission power; The parameter is a power amplification value and / or a transmission power value indicated by the network device, the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

31. A UR device, comprising: The transceiver module is used to receive the uplink signal sent by the terminal, where the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering CW. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to parameters. The terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

32. A communication device comprising: one or more processors; The communication device is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, any one of 17 to 20, any one of 21 to 25, or any one of 26 to 27.

33. A communication system comprising a terminal, a CWN device, a network device and a UR device, wherein: The terminal is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 16; The CWN device is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 17 to 20; The network device is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 21 to 25; The UR device is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 26 to 27.

34. A storage medium storing instructions, wherein: When the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, 17 to 20, 21 to 25, or 26 to 27.

35. A program product, wherein When the program product is executed by a communication device, the communication device is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, 17 to 20, 21 to 25, or 26 to 27.

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