Composition for attracting fish and feed for fish

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a new fish-attracting composition and fish feed containing the same. [Solution] A fish-attracting composition containing one or more compounds selected from group A.　(Group A) 4-heptenal, 2-nonenal, 2,6-nonadienal, 2,4-decadienal, benzyl alcohol, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, amyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, ethyl maltol, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, 1-octen-3-one, isophorone, homofuraneol, 1,5-octadiene-3-one, cyclotene, γ-butyrolactone, 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, paracresol, 3-ethylphenol, guaiacol, 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 3-mercapto-2-pentanone

Description

Fish attractant composition and fish feed

[0001] The present invention relates to a fish attracting composition that can be used by adding it to feed used in fish farming, for example, and to fish feed containing the same.

[0002] Conventionally, feed used in fish farming (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "fish feed") has been made from fish meal, which has a high protein content and a balanced amount of essential amino acids for fish, or fish oil, which contains essential fatty acids. However, because fish meal has problems in terms of stable supply and water pollution, attempts have been made to replace fish meal in fish feed with plant-based feed.

[0003] Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-21457 Publication No. 2020-184905 Publication No. 6-303917

[0004] Journal of the Society for Odor and Fragrance Environment, Vol. 36, No. 3, 2005, p. 150 FENAROLI'S HANDBOOK OF FLAVORED INGREDIENTS Sixth Edition, CRC Press, New York, 2010

[0005] However, replacing fish meal in fish feed with plant-based feed reduces the palatability of the fish feed and reduces its intake. Therefore, there has been a demand for a fish attractant composition that can impart palatability to fish feed that uses plant-based feed instead of fish meal. The present inventors have recently focused on flavoring compounds that can be added to fish feed and have decided to verify their fish attractant effects. Previous reports on fish attraction include the following Patent Documents 1 to 3 and Non-Patent Document 1.

[0006] Patent Document 1 describes a dietary attractant composition for eels, which is made by adding a composition with a grassy, ​​fruity aroma consisting of two or more of methanol, sec-amyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, etc. to a retention agent, with the aim of making the composition palatable to eels.

[0007] Patent Document 2 describes a fish feed containing a predetermined amount or more of 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, which is produced by treating soybean meal with proteases contained in the stomach and pyloric caeca of fish.

[0008] Patent Document 3 describes feed for livestock, farmed fish, etc., in which aldehydes or alcohols contained in the raw materials for the feed are converted into carboxylic acids by oxidation, with the aim of improving the palatability of the feed.

[0009] Non-patent document 1 describes that fish have developed olfactory organs that are highly sensitive to non-volatile substances such as amino acids and steroids, and that in addition to amino acids, polyamines and nucleic acids have been reported to be substances involved in the feeding behavior of fish.

[0010] Patent Document 1 describes that a composition containing two or more compounds with a grassy, ​​fruity aroma is useful for imparting palatability to eels, while Patent Document 3 describes that feed ingredients containing a mixture of soybeans, feather meal, feed crops, etc. have a strong grassy smell, pungent smell, grassy taste, etc., and are extremely unpalatable to livestock, fish, etc. The present inventors believe that the characteristics of the aroma compounds are responsible for these seemingly contradictory results.

[0011] As shown in Non-Patent Document 2, of γ-nonalactone and γ-decalactone which have similar structures, γ-nonalactone is described as having "a strong odor reminiscent of coconut" and a "fatty, peculiar taste" (p. 1480), while γ-decalactone, which differs from γ-nonalactone by one carbon atom, is described as having "a fruity and peach-like odor" and a "fruity, peach-like taste" (p. 379).

[0012] As described above, in the field of fragrance technology, even slight differences in the structure of a compound can result in different scents, making it extremely difficult to predict its uses and flavor-imparting effects. As described in Non-Patent Document 1, although it is known that fish are highly sensitive to non-volatile substances, progress has not been made in elucidating how fish perceive volatile substances such as fragrance compounds. For example, as described in Patent Documents 1 and 3, it is unclear whether fish perceive a "fishy smell" in the same way as humans. Therefore, the attractive effect of fragrance compounds on fish is difficult to predict, and elucidating this is an important challenge.

[0013] In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel fish attracting composition using a flavoring compound and a fish feed containing the same.

[0014] As a result of intensive research to solve the above problems, the present inventors have discovered that specific fragrance compounds have a fish attracting effect, leading to the completion of the present invention.

[0015] Thus, a brief summary of representative inventions disclosed in this application is as follows: [1] A composition for attracting fish, containing one or more compounds selected from the following Group A: (Group A) 4-heptenal, 2-nonenal, 2,6-nonadienal, 2,4-decadienal, benzyl alcohol, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, amyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, ethyl maltol, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, 1-octen-3-one, isophorone, homofuraneol, 1,5-octadien-3-one, cyclotene, γ-butyrolactone, 2-acetylacetone, methylpropional ... aryl-3-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, para-cresol, 3-ethylphenol, guaiacol, 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 3-mercapto-2-pentanone, 2-methylbutanal, 2-methyl-2-pentenal, heptanal, 2-hexenal, octanal, 2,4-heptadienal, 4-decenal, phenylacetaldehyde, 4,5-epoxydecenal, 3-hexenol, 1-nonanol, furfuryl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol, 2-pentylfuran, α-pinene, limonene, 2-butanone, 2-octanone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2-decanone, 3,5-octadien-2-one, 2-undecanone, ketoisophorone, 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione, β-ionone, 2-pentadecanone, maltose phenol, γ-hexalactone, 3,4-dimethyl-5-propylidene-2(5H)-furanone, γ-nonalactone, boboride, γ-decalactone, dihydroactinidiolide, 2-methylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-aminoacetophenone, skatole, 2-acetylpyrrole, indole, sulfurol, phenol, dimethyl trisulfide, methional [2] The fish attracting composition according to [1], further comprising one or more compounds selected from the following group B.(Group B) phenylacetic acid, octanoic acid, acetic acid, valeric acid, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, propionic acid, isovaleric acid, benzaldehyde, isobutyric acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, isohexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, myristic acid, acetaldehyde, 3-methylbutanal, hexanal, 1-hexanol, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate [3] Fish feed containing the fish attractant composition according to [1] or [2]. [4] A method for improving the fish attractiveness of fish feed, comprising the step of adding one or more compounds selected from the following Group A to the fish feed:(Group A) 4-heptenal, 2-nonenal, 2,6-nonadienal, 2,4-decadienal, benzyl alcohol, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, amyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, ethyl maltol, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, 1-octen-3-one, isophorone, homofuraneol, 1,5-octadien-3-one, cyclotene, γ-butyrolactone, 2-acetyl aryl-3-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, para-cresol, 3-ethylphenol, guaiacol, 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 3-mercapto-2-pentanone, 2-methylbutanal, 2-methyl-2-pentenal, heptanal, 2-hexenal, octanal, 2,4-heptadienal, 4-decenal, phenylacetaldehyde, 4,5-epoxydecenal, 3-hexenol, 1-nonanol, furfuryl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol, 2-pentylfuran, α-pinene, limonene, 2-butanone, 2-octanone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2-decanone, 3,5-octadien-2-one, 2-undecanone, ketoisophorone, 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione, β-ionone, 2-pentadecanone, maltose [5] The method for improving the fish attractiveness of fish feed according to [4], which comprises the step of adding one or more compounds selected from the following Group B to the fish feed: (Group B) phenylacetic acid, octanoic acid, acetic acid, valeric acid, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, propionic acid, isovaleric acid, benzaldehyde, isobutyric acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, isohexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, myristic acid, acetaldehyde, 3-methylbutanal, hexanal, 1-hexanol, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate.

[0016] According to the present invention, a novel composition for attracting fish and a fish feed containing the same can be provided.

[0017] An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below. In this specification, "to" means a range including a lower limit and an upper limit, and "concentration (ppm, ppb, ppt, ppq, %)" means "mass concentration" unless otherwise specified. In this specification, "attraction" means attracting fish, and in the case of fish feed in particular, it means improving the feeding habits of the bait. In this specification, "addition" is almost synonymous with "blending" and includes at least one of simply adding to a target by spraying, dripping, etc., and mixing with a target.

[0018] (Fish attracting composition) The fish attracting composition according to one embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "the composition") contains, as an active ingredient, one or more compounds selected from the following Group A (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "Group A compounds").

[0019] (Group A) 4-heptenal, 2-nonenal, 2,6-nonadienal, 2,4-decadienal, benzyl alcohol, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, amyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, ethyl maltol, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, 1-octen-3-one, isophorone (3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one), homofuraneol (5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone), 1,5-octadiene cyclopentene-3-one, cyclotene (2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopentene-1-one), γ-butyrolactone, 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol (4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol), para-cresol (p-cresol), 3-ethylphenol, guaiacol (2-methoxyphenol), 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 3-mercapto-2-pentanone (3-sulfanyl-2-pentanone), ), 2-methylbutanal, 2-methyl-2-pentenal, heptanal, 2-hexenal, octanal, 2,4-heptadienal, 4-decenal, phenylacetaldehyde, 4,5-epoxydecenal (4,5-epoxy-2-decenal, 3-(3-pentyloxiranyl)-2-propenal), 3-hexenol, 1-nonanol, furfuryl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol, 2-pentylfuran, α-pinene, limonene, 2-butanone, 2-octanone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2-decanone, 3,5-octadien-2-one, 2-undecanone, ketoisophorone (2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1,4-dione), 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione, β-ionone, 2-pentadecanone, maltol, γ-hexalactone, 3,4-dimethyl-5-propylidene-2(5H)-furanone, γ-nonalactone, boboride, γ-decalactone, dihydroactinidiolide, 2-methylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-aminoacetophenone, skatole (3-methylindole), 2-acetylpyrrole, indole, sulfurol (4-methyl-5-thiazolylethanol), phenol, dimethyl trisulfide, methional (3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal),

[0020] The present composition exhibits a fish-attracting effect, as shown in the examples below. As shown in the examples below, among the Group A compounds, benzyl alcohol, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, amyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, γ-butyrolactone, 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, para-cresol, 3-mercapto-2-pentanone, octanal, 4,5-epoxydecenal, 1-nonanol, dihydroactinidiolide, 2-aminoacetophenone, skatole, durfurol, and methional were found to exhibit particularly excellent attractant effects.

[0021] The Group A compounds can be obtained by any method known to those skilled in the art, for example, by purchasing them as food flavoring compounds or reagents, extracting them from natural products, or synthesizing them according to standard methods. The obtained compounds may be further purified, if necessary, by means of column chromatography or vacuum distillation.

[0022] The present composition may contain other ingredients as long as it contains a predetermined amount of a Group A compound as an active ingredient. That is, any method that can be performed by a person skilled in the art, such as purchasing a Group A compound as a food flavoring compound or reagent, extracting it from a natural product, or synthesizing it according to a standard method, may be used as the present composition as is, a natural product containing a Group A compound may be used as the present composition as is, a Group A compound or a natural product containing a Group A compound may be added to a solvent and used as the present composition, a Group A compound may be added to a solvent or the like together with ingredients that can be added to fish feed, etc. and used as the present composition, or a Group A compound may be added to a composition containing ingredients that can be added to fish feed, etc. and used as the present composition.

[0023] From the above, the use of the present composition can be rephrased as "use of a composition containing a Group A compound as a composition for attracting fish" or "a method of using a composition containing a Group A compound for attracting fish."

[0024] The form of the present composition (in this paragraph, the present composition also includes the present composition B described below) is not particularly limited, but examples include a water-soluble composition, an oil-soluble composition, an emulsion composition, and a powder composition.

[0025] The present composition (in this paragraph, the present composition also includes the present composition B described below) may be added to fish feed by itself, or may be added to fish feed together with one or more kinds selected from one or more water-soluble flavorings, emulsified flavoring compositions, arbitrary flavoring compounds, and natural essential oils (for example, flavoring compounds described in "Patent Office Gazette, Collection of Well-Known and Commonly Used Techniques (Flavors) Part II Food Flavorings (published January 14, 2000)", "Survey on the Actual Use of Food Flavoring Compounds in Japan", and "Synthetic Flavorings: Chemistry and Product Knowledge (revised and expanded edition published December 20, 2016, edited by the Synthetic Flavorings Editorial Committee, The Chemical Daily Co.)").

[0026] The subject to which the present composition (in this paragraph, the present composition also includes the present composition B described below) can be added is not particularly limited as long as it is usable for fish, and examples include fish feed, artificial bait, fish attractant, etc., typified by fishing bait (paste bait, ground bait, etc.) for aquaculture, fishing, breeding, ornamental and / or recreational use, but fish feed is the most preferred subject to which the present composition can be added.

[0027] The present composition may be composed of only one compound selected from Group A as an active ingredient, or may be composed of two or more compounds selected from Group A as active ingredients in combination, and will still achieve the above-mentioned effects.

[0028] The concentration of the Group A compound in the composition of the present invention (when one compound is used, the concentration of that compound is shown, and when two or more compounds are used in combination, the concentration of each compound is shown. The same applies when both a Group A compound and a Group B compound described below are used in combination; the same applies hereinafter) can be determined arbitrarily depending on the target to which the composition of the present invention is to be added.

[0029] However, when the composition of the present invention is added to fish feed, the amount of 4-heptenal, 2,4-decadienal, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, ethyl maltol, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, 1-octen-3-one, cyclotene, 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine, paracresol, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, 2-pentylfuran, 2-octanone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2-decanone, 3,5-octadien-2-one, 2-undecanone, ketoisophorone, β-ionone, maltol, γ-hexalactone, 3,4-dimethyl-5-propylidene-2- ... Examples of concentrations of (5H)-furanone, 2-methylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-acetylpyrrole, indole, durfurol, and phenol are, relative to the total mass of the fish feed, 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) or more and 5 ppm or less (however, 2,4-decadienal, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, and maltol are 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) or more and 10 ppm or less, and 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine is 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) or more and 2.5 ppm or less), preferably in the range of 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) to 100 ppb (0.1 ppm). More specifically, the concentration range has a lower limit of 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm (excluding 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine), or 5 ppm (only 2,4-decadienal, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, and maltol), and an upper limit of 10 ppm (only 2,4-decadienal, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, and maltol). The range may be any combination of the lower and upper limits, such as, but not limited to, any of the following: 5 ppm (only 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-enal, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, and maltol), 5 ppm (excluding 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine), 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, and 2.5 ppb.

[0030] When the composition of the present invention is added to fish feed, examples of the concentrations of amyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, isophorone, homofuraneol, γ-butyrolactone, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 3-ethylphenol, guaiacol, and 4-allyl-2,6-dimethylphenol in the fish feed are, relative to the total mass of the fish feed, 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) or more and 50 ppm or less (however, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol is 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) or more and 25 ppm or less, and 4-ethylguaiacol is 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) or more and 10 ppm or less), preferably in the range of 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) to 1 ppm. More specifically, the concentration range may have a lower limit of any of 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm (excluding 4-ethylguaiacol), and 25 ppm (excluding 2,6-dimethoxyphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol), and an upper limit of 50 ppm (excluding 2,6-dimethoxyphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol), 25 ppm (excluding 4-ethylguaiacol), 10 ppm, 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, and 25 ppb, and may be any combination of these lower and upper limits, but is not limited thereto.

[0031] When the composition of the present invention is added to fish feed, examples of the concentrations of 2-nonenal, 3-mercapto-2-pentanone, 2-methylbutanal, 2-methyl-2-pentenal, heptanal, 2-hexenal, 2,4-heptadienal, 3-hexenol, 1-nonanol, α-pinene, limonene, 2-butanone, 2-pentadecanone, boboride, 2-aminoacetophenone, and skatole in the fish feed are, for example, 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm) or more and 1 ppm or less (however, for limonene, 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm) or more and 5 ppm or less), preferably in the range of 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) to 10 ppb (0.01 ppm), relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range can be any combination of the lower limit of 100 ppt, 250 ppt, 500 ppt, 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm (limonene only), and 2.5 ppm (limonene only) and the upper limit of 5 ppm (limonene only), 2.5 ppm (limonene only), 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 500 ppt, and 250 ppt, but is not limited to these.

[0032] When the composition of the present invention is added to fish feed, examples of the concentration of 2,6-nonadienal in the fish feed include a range of 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm) to 100 ppm, preferably 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) to 1 ppm, relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range has a lower limit of 100 ppt, 250 ppt, 500 ppt, 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 25 ppm, or 50 ppm, and an upper limit of 100 ppm or 50 ppm. , 25 ppm, 10 ppm, 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 500 ppt, or 250 ppt, and the range can be any combination of these lower and upper limits, but is not limited to these.

[0033] When the composition of the present invention is added to fish feed, examples of the concentrations of 4-decenal, phenylacetaldehyde, 4,5-epoxydecenal, 2-phenylethanol, 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione, γ-nonalactone, γ-decalactone, dihydroactinidiolide, dimethyl trisulfide, and methional in the fish feed are 10 ppt (0.00001 ppm) or more and 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) or less, preferably 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm) to 1 ppb (0.001 ppm), relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range can be any combination of the lower limit of 10 ppt, 25 ppt, 50 ppt, 100 ppt, 250 ppt, 500 ppt, 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, or 50 ppb and the upper limit of 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 500 ppt, 250 ppt, 100 ppt, 50 ppt, or 25 ppt, but is not limited to these.

[0034] When the composition of the present invention is added to fish feed, the concentration of 1,5-octadien-3-one in the fish feed is, for example, 100 ppq (0.0000001 ppm) or more and 50 ppb (0.05 ppm) or less, preferably in the range of 1 ppt (0.000001 ppm) to 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm), relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range has a lower limit of 100 ppq, 250 ppq, 500 ppq, 1 ppt, 2.5 ppt, 5 ppt, 10 ppt, 25 ppt, 50 ppt, 100 ppt, 250 ppt, 500 ppt, 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, or 25 ppb, and an upper limit of 50 ppb, 25 ppb, or The range can be any of 10 ppb, 5 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 500 ppt, 250 ppt, 100 ppt, 50 ppt, 25 ppt, 10 ppt, 5 ppt, 2.5 ppt, 1 ppt, 500 ppq, and 250 ppq, and can be any combination of these lower and upper limits, but is not limited to these.

[0035] When the composition of the present invention is added to fish feed, the concentration of benzyl alcohol in the fish feed is, for example, 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) or more and 500 ppm or less, preferably in the range of 1 ppm to 10 ppm, relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range can be any combination of the lower limit of 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, or 250 ppm and the upper limit of 500 ppm, 250 ppm, 100 ppm, 50 ppm, 25 ppm, 10 ppm, 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, or 250 ppb, but is not limited to these.

[0036] A fish attracting composition according to another embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "Composition B") contains, in addition to a Group A compound, one or more compounds selected from the following Group B (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "Group B compounds") as active ingredients.

[0037] (Group B) Phenylacetic acid, octanoic acid, acetic acid, valeric acid, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, propionic acid, isovaleric acid, benzaldehyde, isobutyric acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, isohexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, myristic acid (tetradecanoic acid), acetaldehyde, 3-methylbutanal, hexanal, 1-hexanol, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate

[0038] As will be shown in the Examples below, Composition B exhibits a fish-attracting effect. In particular, Composition B contains both a Group A compound and a Group B compound, which has the advantage of improving the attractiveness to fish compared to a composition containing only a Group A compound.

[0039] The Group B compounds can be obtained by any method known to those skilled in the art, such as by purchasing them as food flavoring compounds or reagents, extracting them from natural products, or synthesizing them according to standard methods, similar to the Group A compounds. The obtained compounds may be further purified, if necessary, by column chromatography, vacuum distillation, or the like.

[0040] Composition B may contain other ingredients as long as it contains prescribed amounts of Group A compounds and Group B compounds as active ingredients. That is, as with Group A compounds, Group B compounds (which may contain other ingredients) obtained by any method known to those skilled in the art, such as purchasing them as food flavoring compounds or reagents, extracting them from natural products, or synthesizing them according to standard methods, may be added to a composition containing Group A compounds to be used as Composition B; a natural product containing Group A compounds and Group B compounds may be used as Composition B as is; Group A compounds and Group B compounds may be added to a solvent to be used as Composition B; a natural product containing Group A compounds and Group B compounds may be added to a solvent to be used as Composition B; Group A compounds and Group B compounds may be added to a solvent together with ingredients that can be added to fish feed, etc. to be used as Composition B; or Group A compounds and Group B compounds may be added to a composition containing ingredients that can be added to fish feed, etc. to be used as Composition B.

[0041] From the above, the use of composition B in this case can be rephrased as "use of a composition containing a group A compound and a group B compound as a composition for attracting fish" or "a method of using a composition containing a group A compound and a group B compound for attracting fish."

[0042] Furthermore, the present composition B may be composed of only one compound selected from the group B as an active ingredient in addition to the compound from group A, or may be composed of two or more compounds selected from the group B in combination as active ingredients, and still achieve the above-mentioned effects.

[0043] The concentration of the Group B compound in Composition B (when one compound is used, it represents the concentration of that compound, and when two or more compounds are used in combination, it represents the concentration of each compound. The same applies when both a Group A compound and a Group B compound are used in combination; the same applies hereinafter) can be determined arbitrarily depending on the target to which Composition B is added.

[0044] However, when Composition B of the present invention is added to fish feed, examples of the concentrations of octanoic acid, acetic acid, valeric acid, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, propionic acid, isovaleric acid, benzaldehyde, isobutyric acid, and 2-methylbutyric acid in the fish feed are 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) or more and 50 ppm or less (however, for isovaleric acid, 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) or more and 100 ppm or less), preferably in the range of 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) to 1 ppm, relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range may be any of the following: a lower limit of 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 25 ppm, and 50 ppm (isovaleric acid only); and an upper limit of 100 ppm (isovaleric acid only), 50 ppm, 25 ppm, 10 ppm, 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, and 25 ppb; but the range may be any combination of these lower and upper limits.

[0045] When Composition B of the present invention is added to fish feed, examples of the concentrations of phenylacetic acid, isohexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, 3-methylbutanal, 1-hexanol, and ethyl acetate in the fish feed are 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) or more and 10 ppm or less (however, heptanoic acid, 3-methylbutanal, 1-hexanol, and ethyl acetate are 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) or more and 5 ppm or less), preferably in the range of 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) to 100 ppb (0.1 ppm), relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range may be any of the following: a lower limit of 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm (excluding heptanoic acid, 3-methylbutanal, 1-hexanol, and ethyl acetate); and an upper limit of 10 ppm (excluding heptanoic acid, 3-methylbutanal, 1-hexanol, and ethyl acetate), 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, and 2.5 ppb; however, the range may be any combination of these lower and upper limits.

[0046] When Composition B of the present invention is added to fish feed, examples of the concentrations of nonanoic acid, myristic acid, acetaldehyde, hexanal, and ethyl formate in the fish feed include concentrations of 0.1 ppb (0.0001 ppm) or more and 1 ppm or less, preferably 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) to 10 ppb (0.01 ppm), relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range can be any combination of the lower limit of 0.1 ppb, 0.25 ppb, 0.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, and 500 ppb and the upper limit of 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 0.5 ppb, and 0.25 ppb, but is not limited to these.

[0047] Furthermore, as long as the present composition B contains a predetermined amount of Group A compounds and Group B compounds as active ingredients, it may contain other ingredients. That is, any method known to those skilled in the art, for example, Group A compounds and Group B compounds (which may contain other ingredients) obtained by purchasing them as food flavoring compounds or reagents, extracting them from natural products, or synthesizing them according to a standard method, may be used as is as the present composition B; a natural product containing Group A compounds and Group B compounds may be used as is as the present composition B; Group A compounds and Group B compounds may be added to a solvent or the like and used as the present composition B; a natural product containing Group A compounds and Group B compounds may be added to a solvent or the like and used as the present composition B; or Group A compounds and Group B compounds may be added to a composition containing ingredients that can be added to fish feed or the like and used as the present composition B.

[0048] (Fish) Examples of fish that can be attracted by the present composition include, but are not limited to, Perciformes, Tetraodontiformes, Pleuronectiformes, Clupeiniformes, Scorpaeniformes, Salmoniformes, and Osmeriformes. Examples of Perciformes include sea bass, red sea bream, devil's stinger, red spotted grouper, grouper, black rockfish, rockfish, bigeye tuna, southern bluefin tuna, yellowfin tuna, albacore, bluefin tuna, yellowtail, horse mackerel, and chub mackerel. Examples of Tetraodontiformes include tiger puffer, filefish, and black scraper. Examples of Pleuronectiformes include flatfish, marbled flounder, spotted flounder, and flounder. Examples of Clupeiniformes include anchovy, silver-stripe herring, and Japanese sardine. Examples of the fish include sardines, Japanese sardines, etc.; the order Scorpaenidae, such as scorpion fish, rockfish, sablefish, stonefish, flathead, sculpin, and greenling; the order Salmonidae, such as rainbow trout, pink salmon, Atlantic salmon, king salmon, chum salmon, coho salmon, char, and yamame salmon; and the order Osmeridae, such as sweetfish, smelt, capelin, and icefish. A particularly notable attracting effect can be achieved by using the composition of the present invention on fish of the order Perciformes.

[0049] (Fish Feed) A fish feed according to one embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the "fish feed of the present invention") contains the composition of the present invention. That is, the fish feed of the present invention contains, as an active ingredient, one or more compounds selected from the following Group A (Group A compounds):

[0050] (Group A) 4-heptenal, 2-nonenal, 2,6-nonadienal, 2,4-decadienal, benzyl alcohol, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, amyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, ethyl maltol, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, 1-octen-3-one, isophorone, homofuraneol, 1,5-octadien-3-one, cyclotene, γ-butyrolactone, 2-acetyl aryl-3-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, para-cresol, 3-ethylphenol, guaiacol, 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 3-mercapto-2-pentanone, 2-methylbutanal, 2-methyl-2-pentenal, heptanal, 2-hexenal, octanal, 2,4-heptadienal, 4-decenal, phenylacetaldehyde, 4,5-epoxydecenal, 3-hexenol, 1-nonanol, furfuryl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol, 2-pentylfuran, α-pinene, limonene, 2-butanone, 2-octanone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2-decanone, 3,5-octadien-2-one, 2-undecanone, ketoisophorone, 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione, β-ionone, 2-pentadecanone, maltose , γ-hexalactone, 3,4-dimethyl-5-propylidene-2(5H)-furanone, γ-nonalactone, boboride, γ-decalactone, dihydroactinidiolide, 2-methylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-aminoacetophenone, skatole, 2-acetylpyrrole, indole, sulfurol, phenol, dimethyl trisulfide, methional

[0051] The fish feed of this invention exhibits a fish attracting effect, as will be shown in the examples below. As will be shown in the examples below, it has been found that, among the Group A compounds, benzyl alcohol, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, amyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, γ-butyrolactone, 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, para-cresol, 3-mercapto-2-pentanone, octanal, 4,5-epoxydecenal, 1-nonanol, dihydroactinidiolide, 2-aminoacetophenone, skatole, durfurol, and methional exhibit particularly excellent attracting effects.

[0052] The fish feed of the present invention may contain not only the composition of the present invention but also other feed ingredients commonly used in fish feed. Examples of feed ingredients include fish meal, meat meal, insect meal, bone and meat, whitefish meal, krill meal, squid meal, feather meal, oil cakes, grains, bran, thickening polysaccharides (e.g., sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium alginate, guar gum), manufacturing by-products, starch, wheat flour, rice flour, rice bran, defatted rice bran, wheat bran, vitamins (e.g., vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, niacin, inositol, para-aminobenzoic acid), minerals (e.g., phosphorus, calcium, potassium, sodium), fats and oils (e.g., fish oil, feed oil, vegetable oil), and taurine. However, since the composition of the present invention can compensate for the loss of palatability that occurs when fish meal is replaced with vegetable feed, it is preferable that the fish feed of the present invention uses vegetable feed instead of fish meal. On the other hand, even if the fish feed of the present invention uses fish meal, the composition of the present invention is suitable because it can further improve palatability.

[0053] The form of the fish feed of the present invention is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the type of fish to be administered and the growth stage thereof, and examples thereof include paste, solid, powder, etc.

[0054] The concentration of the Group A compound in the fish feed in question (when one compound is used, this indicates the concentration of that compound, and when two or more compounds are used in combination, this indicates the concentration of each compound. The same applies when both a Group A compound and a Group B compound, which will be described later, are used in combination. The same applies hereinafter) can be determined arbitrarily depending on the type, shape, raw materials, etc. of the fish feed in question.

[0055] However, the fish feed in question contains 4-heptenal, 2,4-decadienal, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, ethyl maltol, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, 1-octen-3-one, cyclotene, 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine, paracresol, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, 2-pentylfuran, 2-octanone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2-decanone, 3,5-octadien-2-one, 2-undecanone, ketoisophorone, β-ionone, maltol, γ-hexalactone, 3,4-dimethyl-5-propylidene-2(5H)-furanone, 2- Examples of concentrations of methylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-acetylpyrrole, indole, durfurol, and phenol are, based on the total mass of the fish feed, 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) or more and 5 ppm or less (however, 2,4-decadienal, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, and maltol are 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) or more and 10 ppm or less, and 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine is 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) or more and 2.5 ppm or less), preferably in the range of 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) to 100 ppb (0.1 ppm). More specifically, the concentration range has a lower limit of 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm (excluding 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine), or 5 ppm (only 2,4-decadienal, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, and maltol), and an upper limit of 10 ppm (only 2,4-decadienal, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, and maltol). The range may be any combination of the lower and upper limits, such as, but not limited to, any of the following: 5 ppm (only 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-enal, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, and maltol), 5 ppm (excluding 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine), 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, and 2.5 ppb.

[0056] Examples of concentrations of amyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, isophorone, homofuraneol, γ-butyrolactone, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 3-ethylphenol, guaiacol, and 4-allyl-2,6-dimethylphenol in the fish feed of the present invention are 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) or more and 50 ppm or less (however, 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) or more and 25 ppm or less for 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, and 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) or more and 10 ppm or less for 4-ethylguaiacol), preferably in the range of 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) to 1 ppm, relative to the total mass of the fish feed of the present invention. More specifically, the concentration range may have a lower limit of any of 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm (excluding 4-ethylguaiacol), and 25 ppm (excluding 2,6-dimethoxyphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol), and an upper limit of 50 ppm (excluding 2,6-dimethoxyphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol), 25 ppm (excluding 4-ethylguaiacol), 10 ppm, 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, and 25 ppb, and may be any combination of these lower and upper limits, but is not limited thereto.

[0057] Examples of concentrations of 2-nonenal, 3-mercapto-2-pentanone, 2-methylbutanal, 2-methyl-2-pentenal, heptanal, 2-hexenal, 2,4-heptadienal, 3-hexenol, 1-nonanol, α-pinene, limonene, 2-butanone, 2-pentadecanone, boboride, 2-aminoacetophenone, and skatole in the fish feed of the present invention are 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm) or more and 1 ppm or less (however, for limonene, 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm) or more and 5 ppm or less), preferably in the range of 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) to 10 ppb (0.01 ppm), relative to the total mass of the fish feed of the present invention. More specifically, the concentration range can be any combination of the lower limit of 100 ppt, 250 ppt, 500 ppt, 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm (limonene only), and 2.5 ppm (limonene only) and the upper limit of 5 ppm (limonene only), 2.5 ppm (limonene only), 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 500 ppt, and 250 ppt, but is not limited to these.

[0058] The concentration of 2,6-nonadienal in the fish feed of the present invention is, for example, 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm) or more and 100 ppm or less, preferably in the range of 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) to 1 ppm, based on the total mass of the fish feed of the present invention. More specifically, the concentration range can be any combination of the lower limit of 100 ppt, 250 ppt, 500 ppt, 1 ppb, 10 ppb, 100 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 25 ppm, or 50 ppm and the upper limit of 100 ppm, 50 ppm, 25 ppm, 10 ppm, 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 500 ppt, or 250 ppt, but is not limited to these.

[0059] Examples of concentrations of 4-decenal, phenylacetaldehyde, 4,5-epoxydecenal, 2-phenylethanol, 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione, γ-nonalactone, γ-decalactone, dihydroactinidiolide, dimethyl trisulfide, and methional in the fish feed of the present invention include concentrations of 10 ppt (0.00001 ppm) or more and 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) or less, preferably 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm) to 1 ppb (0.001 ppm), relative to the total mass of the fish feed of the present invention. More specifically, the concentration range can be any combination of the lower limit of 10 ppt, 25 ppt, 50 ppt, 100 ppt, 250 ppt, 500 ppt, 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, or 50 ppb and the upper limit of 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 500 ppt, 250 ppt, 100 ppt, 50 ppt, or 25 ppt, but is not limited to these.

[0060] Examples of the concentration of 1,5-octadien-3-one in the fish feed of the present invention include a range of 100 ppq (0.0000001 ppm) or more and 50 ppb (0.05 ppm) or less, preferably 1 ppt (0.000001 ppm) to 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm), relative to the total mass of the fish feed of the present invention. More specifically, the concentration range has a lower limit of 100 ppq, 250 ppq, 500 ppq, 1 ppt, 2.5 ppt, 5 ppt, 10 ppt, 25 ppt, 50 ppt, 100 ppt, 250 ppt, 500 ppt, 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, or 25 ppb, and an upper limit of 50 ppb, 25 ppb, or The range can be any of 10 ppb, 5 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 500 ppt, 250 ppt, 100 ppt, 50 ppt, 25 ppt, 10 ppt, 5 ppt, 2.5 ppt, 1 ppt, 500 ppq, and 250 ppq, and can be any combination of these lower and upper limits, but is not limited to these.

[0061] Examples of the concentration of benzyl alcohol in the fish feed of the present invention include a range of 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) to 500 ppm, preferably 1 ppm to 10 ppm, relative to the total mass of the fish feed of the present invention. More specifically, the concentration range can be any combination of a lower limit of 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, or 250 ppm and an upper limit of 500 ppm, 250 ppm, 100 ppm, 50 ppm, 25 ppm, 10 ppm, 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, or 250 ppb, but is not limited to these.

[0062] A fish feed according to another embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "the present fish feed B") contains the present composition B. That is, the present fish feed B contains, in addition to the Group A compound, one or more compounds selected from the following Group B (Group B compounds) as active ingredients.

[0063] (Group B) phenylacetic acid, octanoic acid, acetic acid, valeric acid, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, propionic acid, isovaleric acid, benzaldehyde, isobutyric acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, isohexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, myristic acid, acetaldehyde, 3-methylbutanal, hexanal, 1-hexanol, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate

[0064] As will be shown in the Examples below, the fish feed B of the present invention has a fish attracting effect. In particular, since the fish feed B of the present invention contains a combination of a group A compound and a group B compound, it has the advantage of being more attractive to fish than a feed containing only a group A compound.

[0065] The concentration of the B group compound in the fish feed B in question (when one type of compound is used, the concentration of that compound is shown, and when two or more types of compounds are used in combination, the concentration of each compound is shown; the same applies below) can be determined arbitrarily depending on the type, shape, raw materials, etc. of the fish feed B in question.

[0066] However, examples of the concentration of the B group compounds (excluding phenylacetic acid) in the fish feed B of the present invention include a range of 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) to 50 ppm (however, for isovaleric acid, a range of 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) to 100 ppm) relative to the total mass of the fish feed B of the present invention, and preferably a range of 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) to 1 ppm. More specifically, the concentration range may be any of the following: a lower limit of 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 25 ppm, and 50 ppm (isovaleric acid only); and an upper limit of 100 ppm (isovaleric acid only), 50 ppm, 25 ppm, 10 ppm, 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, and 25 ppb; but the range may be any combination of these lower and upper limits.

[0067] The concentration of phenylacetic acid in the fish feed B of the present invention is, for example, 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) or more and 10 ppm or less, preferably 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) to 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) based on the total mass of the fish feed B of the present invention. More specifically, the concentration range can be any combination of the lower limit of 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, or 5 ppm and the upper limit of 10 ppm, 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, or 2.5 ppb, but is not limited to these.

[0068] (Method for improving fish attractiveness of fish feed) A method for improving fish attractiveness of fish feed according to one embodiment of the present invention (sometimes referred to as the "first method for improving fish attractiveness") comprises the step of adding one or more compounds selected from the following Group A (Group A compounds) to the fish feed.

[0069] (Group A) 4-heptenal, 2-nonenal, 2,6-nonadienal, 2,4-decadienal, benzyl alcohol, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, amyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, ethyl maltol, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, 1-octen-3-one, isophorone, homofuraneol, 1,5-octadien-3-one, cyclotene, γ-butyrolactone, 2-acetyl aryl-3-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, para-cresol, 3-ethylphenol, guaiacol, 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 3-mercapto-2-pentanone, 2-methylbutanal, 2-methyl-2-pentenal, heptanal, 2-hexenal, octanal, 2,4-heptadienal, 4-decenal, phenylacetaldehyde, 4,5-epoxydecenal, 3-hexenol, 1-nonanol, furfuryl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol, 2-pentylfuran, α-pinene, limonene, 2-butanone, 2-octanone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2-decanone, 3,5-octadien-2-one, 2-undecanone, ketoisophorone, 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione, β-ionone, 2-pentadecanone, maltose , γ-hexalactone, 3,4-dimethyl-5-propylidene-2(5H)-furanone, γ-nonalactone, boboride, γ-decalactone, dihydroactinidiolide, 2-methylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-aminoacetophenone, skatole, 2-acetylpyrrole, indole, sulfurol, phenol, dimethyl trisulfide, methional

[0070] As will be shown in the Examples below, the addition of a Group A compound to fish feed can improve the attractiveness of the fish feed. As will be shown in the Examples below, it has been found that, among the Group A compounds, benzyl alcohol, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, amyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, γ-butyrolactone, 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, para-cresol, 3-mercapto-2-pentanone, octanal, 4,5-epoxydecenal, 1-nonanol, dihydroactinidiolide, 2-aminoacetophenone, skatole, durfurol, and methional exhibit particularly excellent effects in improving attractiveness.

[0071] In the first method for improving fish attractiveness, when the Group A compound is added to the fish feed, the concentration of the Group A compound in the fish feed can be determined arbitrarily depending on the shape, properties and / or flavor characteristics of the fish feed.

[0072] However, the following substances added to fish feed include 4-heptenal, 2,4-decadienal, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, ethyl maltol, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, 1-octen-3-one, cyclotene, 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine, para-cresol, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, 2-pentylfuran, 2-octanone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2-decanone, 3,5-octadien-2-one, 2-undecanone, ketoisophorone, β-ionone, maltol, γ-hexalactone, 3,4-dimethyl-5-propylidene-2(5H)-furanone, Examples of concentrations of 2-methylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-acetylpyrrole, indole, durfurol, and phenol are, relative to the total mass of the fish feed, 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) or more and 5 ppm or less (however, 2,4-decadienal, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, and maltol are 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) or more and 10 ppm or less, and 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine is 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) or more and 2.5 ppm or less), preferably in the range of 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) to 100 ppb (0.1 ppm). More specifically, the concentration range has a lower limit of 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm (excluding 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine), or 5 ppm (only 2,4-decadienal, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, and maltol), and an upper limit of 10 ppm (only 2,4-decadienal, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, and maltol). The range may be any combination of the lower and upper limits, such as, but not limited to, any of the following: 5 ppm (only 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-enal, octanal, furfuryl alcohol, and maltol), 5 ppm (excluding 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine), 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, and 2.5 ppb.

[0073] Examples of concentrations of amyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, isophorone, homofuraneol, γ-butyrolactone, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 3-ethylphenol, guaiacol, and 4-allyl-2,6-dimethylphenol to be added to fish feed include concentrations of 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) or more and 50 ppm or less (however, 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) or more and 25 ppm or less for 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, and 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) or more and 10 ppm or less for 4-ethylguaiacol), preferably in the range of 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) to 1 ppm, relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range may have a lower limit of any of 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm (excluding 4-ethylguaiacol), and 25 ppm (excluding 2,6-dimethoxyphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol), and an upper limit of 50 ppm (excluding 2,6-dimethoxyphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol), 25 ppm (excluding 4-ethylguaiacol), 10 ppm, 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, and 25 ppb, and may be any combination of these lower and upper limits, but is not limited thereto.

[0074] Examples of concentrations of 2-nonenal, 3-mercapto-2-pentanone, 2-methylbutanal, 2-methyl-2-pentenal, heptanal, 2-hexenal, 2,4-heptadienal, 3-hexenol, 1-nonanol, α-pinene, limonene, 2-butanone, 2-pentadecanone, boboride, 2-aminoacetophenone, and skatole to be added to fish feed include concentrations of 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm) or more and 1 ppm or less (however, for limonene, 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm) or more and 5 ppm or less), preferably 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) to 10 ppb (0.01 ppm), relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range can be any combination of the lower limit of 100 ppt, 250 ppt, 500 ppt, 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm (limonene only), and 2.5 ppm (limonene only) and the upper limit of 5 ppm (limonene only), 2.5 ppm (limonene only), 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 500 ppt, and 250 ppt, but is not limited to these.

[0075] Examples of the concentration of 2,6-nonadienal added to fish feed include a range of 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm) to 100 ppm, preferably 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) to 1 ppm, based on the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range can be any combination of the lower limit of 100 ppt, 250 ppt, 500 ppt, 1 ppb, 10 ppb, 100 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 25 ppm, or 50 ppm and the upper limit of 100 ppm, 50 ppm, 25 ppm, 10 ppm, 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 500 ppt, or 250 ppt, but is not limited to these.

[0076] Examples of concentrations of 4-decenal, phenylacetaldehyde, 4,5-epoxydecenal, 2-phenylethanol, 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione, γ-nonalactone, γ-decalactone, dihydroactinidiolide, dimethyl trisulfide, and methional to be added to fish feed include concentrations of 10 ppt (0.00001 ppm) or more and 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) or less, preferably 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm) to 1 ppb (0.001 ppm), relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range can be any combination of the lower limit of 10 ppt, 25 ppt, 50 ppt, 100 ppt, 250 ppt, 500 ppt, 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, or 50 ppb and the upper limit of 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 500 ppt, 250 ppt, 100 ppt, 50 ppt, or 25 ppt, but is not limited to these.

[0077] Examples of the concentration of 1,5-octadien-3-one added to fish feed include a range of 100 ppq (0.0000001 ppm) to 50 ppb (0.05 ppm), preferably 1 ppt (0.000001 ppm) to 100 ppt (0.0001 ppm), relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range has a lower limit of 100 ppq, 250 ppq, 500 ppq, 1 ppt, 2.5 ppt, 5 ppt, 10 ppt, 25 ppt, 50 ppt, 100 ppt, 250 ppt, 500 ppt, 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, or 25 ppb, and an upper limit of 50 ppb, 25 ppb, or The range can be any of 10 ppb, 5 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 500 ppt, 250 ppt, 100 ppt, 50 ppt, 25 ppt, 10 ppt, 5 ppt, 2.5 ppt, 1 ppt, 500 ppq, and 250 ppq, and can be any combination of these lower and upper limits, but is not limited to these.

[0078] The concentration of benzyl alcohol added to fish feed is, for example, 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) or more and 0.05% (500 ppm) or less, preferably in the range of 1 ppm to 10 ppm, based on the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range can be any combination of the lower limit of 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, or 250 ppm and the upper limit of 500 ppm, 250 ppm, 100 ppm, 50 ppm, 25 ppm, 10 ppm, 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, or 250 ppb, but is not limited to these.

[0079] In the first method for improving fish attractiveness, the method for adding the Group A compound to the fish feed is not particularly limited, and the time (timing) for adding the Group A compound to the fish feed is also not particularly limited.

[0080] A method for improving the fish attractiveness of fish feed according to another embodiment of the present invention (sometimes referred to as a "second method for improving fish attractiveness") includes, in addition to the step of adding a Group A compound to the fish feed, a step of adding one or more compounds selected from the following Group B (Group B compounds) to the fish feed:

[0081] (Group B) phenylacetic acid, octanoic acid, acetic acid, valeric acid, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, propionic acid, isovaleric acid, benzaldehyde, isobutyric acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, isohexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, myristic acid, acetaldehyde, 3-methylbutanal, hexanal, 1-hexanol, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate

[0082] As will be shown in the examples below, the attractiveness of fish feed can be improved by adding a group A compound and a group B compound to the fish feed. In particular, the second method for improving fish attractiveness has the advantage that the attractiveness to fish is improved compared to the case where only a group A compound is added, because the group A compound and a group B compound are added.

[0083] Examples of concentrations of octanoic acid, acetic acid, valeric acid, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, propionic acid, isovaleric acid, benzaldehyde, isobutyric acid, and 2-methylbutyric acid to be added to fish feed include concentrations of 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) or more and 50 ppm or less (however, for isovaleric acid, 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) or more and 100 ppm or less), preferably 100 ppb (0.1 ppm) to 1 ppm, relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range may be any of the following: a lower limit of 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 25 ppm, and 50 ppm (isovaleric acid only); and an upper limit of 100 ppm (isovaleric acid only), 50 ppm, 25 ppm, 10 ppm, 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, and 25 ppb; but the range may be any combination of these lower and upper limits.

[0084] Examples of concentrations of phenylacetic acid, isohexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, 3-methylbutanal, 1-hexanol, and ethyl acetate to be added to fish feed include concentrations of 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) or more and 10 ppm or less (however, heptanoic acid, 3-methylbutanal, 1-hexanol, and ethyl acetate are 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) or more and 5 ppm or less), preferably in the range of 10 ppb (0.01 ppm) to 100 ppb (0.1 ppm), relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range may be any of the following: a lower limit of 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, 500 ppb, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm (excluding heptanoic acid, 3-methylbutanal, 1-hexanol, and ethyl acetate); and an upper limit of 10 ppm (excluding heptanoic acid, 3-methylbutanal, 1-hexanol, and ethyl acetate), 5 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, and 2.5 ppb; however, the range may be any combination of these lower and upper limits.

[0085] Examples of concentrations of nonanoic acid, myristic acid, acetaldehyde, hexanal, and ethyl formate to be added to fish feed include concentrations of 0.1 ppb (0.0001 ppm) or more and 1 ppm or less, preferably in the range of 1 ppb (0.001 ppm) to 10 ppb (0.01 ppm), relative to the total mass of the fish feed. More specifically, the concentration range can be any combination of the lower limit of 0.1 ppb, 0.25 ppb, 0.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 5 ppb, 10 ppb, 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb, 250 ppb, and 500 ppb and the upper limit of 1 ppm, 500 ppb, 250 ppb, 100 ppb, 50 ppb, 25 ppb, 10 ppb, 5 ppb, 2.5 ppb, 1 ppb, 0.5 ppb, and 0.25 ppb, but is not limited to these.

[0086] In the second method for improving fish attractiveness, the method for adding a Group A compound (or a Group B compound) to fish feed is not particularly limited. Furthermore, the time (timing) for adding a Group A compound (or a Group B compound) to fish feed is not particularly limited. That is, when both a Group A compound and a Group B compound are added to fish feed, the order of the step of adding a Group A compound to the fish feed and the step of adding a Group B compound to the fish feed does not matter, and the Group A compound and the Group B compound may be added to the fish feed simultaneously, essentially as a single step.

[0087] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, although the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0088] Example 1 Confirmation of Effect on Yellowtail (Perciformes) The feed used in Example 1 was prepared using the raw materials shown in the following Table 1. The raw material proportions in Table 1 are shown in mass %.

[0089]

[0090] More specifically, of the feeds used in Example 1, the feed without added flavoring (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "additive-free feed") was prepared by mixing the raw materials shown in the "addition-free group" in Table 1 in the proportions shown in Table 1, and then processing the mixture into pellets using an extruder. On the other hand, of the feeds used in Example 1, the feed with added flavoring (corresponding to the composition of the present invention described above; hereinafter sometimes referred to as "flavor-added feed") was prepared by mixing the raw materials other than the flavor components shown in the "flavor-added group" in Table 1 in the proportions shown in Table 1, processing the mixture into pellets using an extruder, and then spraying the flavor components appropriately diluted with rapeseed oil (see Tables 2 to 16 below for specific components and dilution proportions) in the raw material proportions shown in Table 1.

[0091] The test fish used in Example 1 were yearling yellowtail (artificial seedlings). Twelve fish pens (1.5 m x 1.5 m x 1.5 m) were set up offshore, and 15 test fish were housed in each pen. One of the 12 pens was used as an unsupplemented area, where the fish were fed with an additive-free feed. The remaining 11 of the 12 pens were used as flavoring-added areas, where the fish were fed with flavoring-added feed (see Tables 2 to 74 below for specific ingredients and dilution ratios).

[0092] Both the untreated and flavored groups were fed satiation once a day, and feeding behavior and food intake were measured during feeding. Each feed was fed at least three times, and the palatability of the added flavoring ingredients was determined by comparing the results of feeding behavior observations and total food intake in the untreated and flavored groups. Feeding tests were not conducted during bad weather.

[0093] In observing feeding behavior, if one or more of the following were observed compared to when the fish were fed feed from the unadded area, it was determined that the food from the flavored area was palatable (the added flavoring components had the effect of improving palatability).

[0094] In terms of food intake, if the amount of food intake in the flavored group was significantly higher than that in the unflavored group, it was determined that the flavored group feed was palatable (the added flavor components had the effect of improving palatability).

[0095] [Example 1-1] Results using Group A compounds The results of using Group A compounds as aroma components under the above conditions are shown in Tables 2 to 4. In Tables 2 to 4, the following are indicated: a compound that was judged to be more palatable than the untreated group in the feeding behavior observation and in which the food intake in the flavored group was significantly higher than that in the untreated group; a compound that was judged to be more palatable than the untreated group in the feeding behavior observation is indicated with "+++"; a compound that was judged to be more palatable than the untreated group in the feeding behavior observation is indicated with "++"; and a compound that was judged to be more palatable than the untreated group in the feeding behavior observation is indicated with "+".

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[0099] From the above, it was confirmed that the feed in the flavoring-added group (to which the group A compound was added) was palatable.

[0100] [Example 1-2] Results of Combined Use of Group A Compound and Group B Compound The results of combined use of Group A compound and Group B compound as aroma components under the same conditions as in Example 1-1 are shown in Tables 5 to 74 below. Note that the evaluation of palatability in Tables 5 to 74 below shows the results compared to when only the Group A compound in the table was added. That is, a compound that was judged to be more palatable than the Group A compound alone in the feeding behavior observation and that showed a significantly higher food intake than the Group A compound alone is represented by "+++", a compound that showed a significantly higher food intake than the Group A compound alone is represented by "++", a compound that was judged to be more palatable than the Group A compound alone in the feeding behavior observation is represented by "+", a compound that showed no significant difference in food intake and feeding behavior observation compared to the Group A compound alone is represented by "±", and a compound that showed a reduced palatability compared to the Group A compound alone in the food intake and feeding behavior observation is represented by "-".

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[0171] From the above, it was confirmed that the feed in the flavoring-added group (to which a group A compound and a group B compound were added) was palatable. In particular, when a group A compound and a group B compound were used in combination, there were no cases in which there was no significant difference or where palatability was reduced compared to when a group A compound was used alone, and it was confirmed that the use of a group B compound in combination resulted in higher palatability.

[0172] Example 2: Confirmation of Effect on Mackerel (Perciformes) The test fish used in Example 2 were yearling chub mackerel (artificial seedlings). Twelve 1-ton Panlite tanks were set up on land, with 15 test fish housed in each tank. One of the 12 tanks was used as an unsupplemented group, where fish were fed with an additive-free feed. The remaining 11 of the 12 tanks were used as flavor-supplemented groups, where fish were fed with flavor-supplemented feed (see Tables 75 to 147 below for specific ingredients and dilution ratios).

[0173] Both the untreated and flavored groups were fed satiation once a day, and feeding behavior and food intake were measured. Each diet was fed four times, and the preference for the added flavoring ingredients was determined by comparing the results of feeding behavior observations and total food intake in the untreated and flavored groups.

[0174] In the observation of feeding behavior, as in Example 1, if one or more of the following were observed compared to when the animals were fed feed from the unadded group: (1) an increase in the behavior of chasing and eating food that had sunk into the water, (2) a decrease in the spitting out of food, or (3) an increase in swimming speed, it was determined that the food from the flavored group was palatable (the added flavor components had the effect of improving palatability).

[0175] As in Example 1, when the amount of food intake in the flavored group was significantly higher than that in the unadded group, it was determined that the flavored group had a preference for the feed (the added aroma components had the effect of improving palatability).

[0176] [Example 2-1] Results using Group A compounds The results of using Group A compounds as aroma components under the above conditions are shown in Tables 75 to 77. In Tables 75 to 77, the following are indicated: a compound that was judged to be more palatable than the untreated group in the feeding behavior observation and in which the food intake in the flavored group was significantly higher than that in the untreated group; a compound that was judged to be more palatable than the untreated group in the feeding behavior observation is indicated with "+++"; a compound that was judged to be more palatable than the untreated group in the feeding behavior observation is indicated with "++"; and a compound that was judged to be more palatable than the untreated group in the feeding behavior observation is indicated with "+".

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[0180] From the above, it was confirmed that the feed in the flavoring-added group (to which the group A compound was added) was palatable.

[0181] Example 2-2 Results of Combined Use of Group A Compound and Group B Compound The results of combined use of Group A compound and Group B compound as aroma components under the same conditions as in Example 2-1 are shown in Tables 78 to 147 below. Note that the evaluation of palatability in Tables 78 to 147 below shows the results compared to when only the Group A compound in the table was added. That is, compounds that were judged to be more palatable than the Group A compound alone in the feeding behavior observation and that showed significantly higher food intake than the Group A compound alone are marked with "+++", compounds that showed significantly higher food intake than the Group A compound alone are marked with "++", compounds that were judged to be more palatable than the Group A compound alone in the feeding behavior observation are marked with "+", compounds that showed no significant difference in food intake and feeding behavior observation compared to the Group A compound alone are marked with "±", and compounds that showed reduced palatability compared to the Group A compound alone in the food intake and feeding behavior observation are marked with "-".

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[0252] From the above, it was confirmed that the feed in the flavoring-added group (to which a group A compound and a group B compound were added) was palatable. In particular, when a group A compound and a group B compound were used in combination, there were no cases in which there was no significant difference or where palatability was reduced compared to when a group A compound was used alone, and it was confirmed that the use of a group B compound in combination resulted in higher palatability.

Claims

1. A composition for attracting fish containing one or more compounds selected from the following Group A: (Group A) 4-heptenal, 2-nonenal, 2,6-nonadienal, 2,4-decadienal, benzyl alcohol, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, amyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, ethyl maltol, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, 1-octen-3-one, isophorone, homofuraneol, 1,5-octadien-3-one, cyclotene, γ-butyrolactone, 2-acetylacetone, methylpropional ... aryl-3-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, para-cresol, 3-ethylphenol, guaiacol, 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 3-mercapto-2-pentanone, 2-methylbutanal, 2-methyl-2-pentenal, heptanal, 2-hexenal, octanal, 2,4-heptadienal, 4-decenal, phenylacetaldehyde, 4,5-epoxydecenal, 3-hexenol, 1-nonanol, furfuryl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol, 2-pentylfuran, α-pinene, limonene, 2-butanone, 2-octanone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2-decanone, 3,5-octadien-2-one, 2-undecanone, ketoisophorone, 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione, β-ionone, 2-pentadecanone, maltose , γ-hexalactone, 3,4-dimethyl-5-propylidene-2(5H)-furanone, γ-nonalactone, boboride, γ-decalactone, dihydroactinidiolide, 2-methylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-aminoacetophenone, skatole, 2-acetylpyrrole, indole, sulfurol, phenol, dimethyl trisulfide, methional 2. The fish attractant composition according to claim 1, which contains one or more compounds selected from the following Group B: (Group B) phenylacetic acid, octanoic acid, acetic acid, valeric acid, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, propionic acid, isovaleric acid, benzaldehyde, isobutyric acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, isohexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, myristic acid, acetaldehyde, 3-methylbutanal, hexanal, 1-hexanol, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate 3. A fish feed containing the fish attractant composition according to claim 1 or 2.

4. A method for improving the fish attractiveness of fish feed, comprising the step of adding to the fish feed one or more compounds selected from the following Group A: (Group A) 4-heptenal, 2-nonenal, 2,6-nonadienal, 2,4-decadienal, benzyl alcohol, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, amyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, ethyl maltol, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, 1-octen-3-one, isophorone, homofuraneol, 1,5-octadien-3-one, cyclotene, γ-butyrolactone, 2-acetylacetone aryl-3-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, para-cresol, 3-ethylphenol, guaiacol, 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 3-mercapto-2-pentanone, 2-methylbutanal, 2-methyl-2-pentenal, heptanal, 2-hexenal, octanal, 2,4-heptadienal, 4-decenal, phenylacetaldehyde, 4,5-epoxydecenal, 3-hexenol, 1-nonanol, furfuryl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol, 2-pentylfuran, α-pinene, limonene, 2-butanone, 2-octanone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2-decanone, 3,5-octadien-2-one, 2-undecanone, ketoisophorone, 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione, β-ionone, 2-pentadecanone, maltose , γ-hexalactone, 3,4-dimethyl-5-propylidene-2(5H)-furanone, γ-nonalactone, boboride, γ-decalactone, dihydroactinidiolide, 2-methylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-aminoacetophenone, skatole, 2-acetylpyrrole, indole, sulfurol, phenol, dimethyl trisulfide, methional 5. The method for improving the fish attractiveness of fish feed according to claim 4, comprising the step of adding to the fish feed one or more compounds selected from the following Group B: (Group B) phenylacetic acid, octanoic acid, acetic acid, valeric acid, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, propionic acid, isovaleric acid, benzaldehyde, isobutyric acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, isohexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, myristic acid, acetaldehyde, 3-methylbutanal, hexanal, 1-hexanol, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate

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