Wireless communication methods, terminal devices, and network devices

Abstract

Provided are wireless communication methods, terminal devices, and network devices. A wireless communication method comprises: a terminal device repeatedly transmitting a first physical channel on the basis of a first orthogonal code. In the embodiments of the present application, repeatedly transmitting a first physical channel by means of a first orthogonal code facilitates the implementation of multiplexing on a resource occupied by the physical channel, thereby facilitating an improvement to the resource utilization rate.

Description

Wireless communication method, terminal device and network device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a wireless communication method, a terminal device, and a network device. Background Art

[0002] In satellite communication systems, uplink coverage for IoT devices is severely limited. Related technologies enhance uplink coverage by using repeated transmissions on physical channels, such as the narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH) and the narrowband physical random access channel (NPRACH). However, this approach significantly reduces resource utilization.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a wireless communication method, terminal equipment and network equipment. The various aspects involved in the present application are introduced below.

[0005] In a first aspect, a wireless communication method is provided, comprising: a terminal device repeatedly transmitting a first physical channel based on a first orthogonal code.

[0006] In a second aspect, a wireless communication method is provided, including: a network device receives a first physical channel repeatedly transmitted by a terminal device based on a first orthogonal code.

[0007] According to a third aspect, a terminal device is provided, comprising: a transmission unit configured to repeatedly transmit a first physical channel based on a first orthogonal code.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, a network device is provided, comprising: a receiving unit configured to receive a first physical channel repeatedly transmitted by a terminal device based on a first orthogonal code.

[0009] In a fifth aspect, a terminal device is provided, comprising a processor, a memory, and a communication interface, wherein the memory is used to store one or more computer programs, and the processor is used to call the computer program in the memory so that the terminal device executes part or all of the steps in the method of the first aspect.

[0010] In the sixth aspect, a network device is provided, comprising a processor, a memory, and a communication interface, wherein the memory is used to store one or more computer programs, and the processor is used to call the computer program in the memory so that the network device executes part or all of the steps in the method of the second aspect.

[0011] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which includes the above-mentioned terminal and / or network device. In another possible design, the system may also include other devices that interact with the terminal or network device in the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0012] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program enables the terminal to execute part or all of the steps in the above-mentioned first or second aspect method.

[0013] In a ninth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, wherein the computer program product includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is operable to cause a terminal to perform some or all of the steps of the method of the first or second aspect described above. In some implementations, the computer program product may be a software installation package.

[0014] In the tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the processor can call and run a computer program from the memory to implement some or all of the steps described in the method of the first or second aspect above.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, repeatedly transmitting the first physical channel through the first orthogonal code helps to achieve multiplexing on the resources occupied by the physical channel, thereby helping to improve resource utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] FIG1A is an example diagram of a communication scenario to which an embodiment of the present application can be applied.

[0017] FIG1B is an example diagram of another communication scenario to which embodiments of the present application may be applied.

[0018] FIG1C is an example diagram of another communication scenario to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied.

[0019] FIG2 is an example diagram of repeated transmission of NPUSCH.

[0020] FIG3 is an example diagram of a symbol group of NPRACH format 0.

[0021] FIG4 is an example diagram of a symbol group of NPRACH format 1.

[0022] FIG5 is an example diagram of a symbol group of NPRACH format 2.

[0023] FIG6 is a flow chart of a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] FIG. 7A is an example diagram of a first resource.

[0025] FIG. 7B is another example diagram of the first resource.

[0026] FIG7C is another example diagram of the first resource.

[0027] FIG7D is another example diagram of the first resource.

[0028] FIG. 7E is an example diagram of the first resource in a repeated transmission of FIG. 2 .

[0029] FIG. 7F is another example diagram of the first resource in a repeated transmission of FIG. 2 .

[0030] FIG8A is an exemplary diagram of the second resource (excluding the CP).

[0031] FIG8B is another exemplary diagram of the second resource (excluding the CP).

[0032] FIG8C is another exemplary diagram of the second resource (excluding the CP).

[0033] FIG8D is another exemplary diagram of the second resource (excluding the CP).

[0034] FIG8E is another exemplary diagram of the second resource (excluding the CP).

[0035] FIG8F is another exemplary diagram of the second resource (excluding the CP).

[0036] FIG9 is an exemplary diagram of the second resource (including CP).

[0037] FIG10 is another exemplary diagram of the second resource (including CP).

[0038] FIG. 11A is an example diagram of a third resource corresponding to NPRACH of format 0 and format 1. FIG.

[0039] FIG. 11B is another example diagram of the third resource corresponding to NPRACH of format 0 and format 1. FIG.

[0040] FIG11C is another example diagram of the third resource corresponding to NPRACH of format 0 and format 1.

[0041] FIG12A is a diagram illustrating an example of one transmission of NPRACH.

[0042] FIG12B is an example diagram of the third resource corresponding to the NPRACH of format 2.

[0043] FIG12C is another example diagram of the third resource corresponding to the NPRACH of format 2. FIG.

[0044] FIG12D is another example diagram of the third resource corresponding to NPRACH of format 2.

[0045] FIG13 is an example of the fourth resource.

[0046] FIG14 is another example of the fourth resource.

[0047] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] Communication system architecture

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: global system of mobile communication (GSM) system, code division multiple access (CDMA) system, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, general packet radio service (GPRS), long term evolution (LTE) system, advanced long term evolution (LTE-A) system, new radio (NR) system, evolution system of NR system, LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) system, non-terrestrial network (NTN) system, universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), wireless local area networks (WLAN), wireless fidelity (WLAN), etc. fidelity, WiFi), fifth-generation communication (5G) systems or other communication systems, such as future communication systems, such as sixth-generation mobile communication systems, and satellite communication systems.

[0053] Generally speaking, traditional communication systems support a limited number of connections and are easy to implement. However, with the development of communication technology, mobile communication systems will not only support traditional communications, but will also support, for example, device-to-device (D2D) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, and the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to these communication systems.

[0054] The communication system in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a carrier aggregation (CA) scenario, a dual connectivity (DC) scenario, and a standalone (SA) networking scenario.

[0055] The communication system in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to an unlicensed spectrum, where the unlicensed spectrum can also be considered as a shared spectrum; or, the communication system in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to an authorized spectrum, where the authorized spectrum can also be considered as a dedicated spectrum.

[0056] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to NTN systems as well as terrestrial networks (TN) systems. By way of example and not limitation, NTN systems include NR-based NTN systems and Internet of Things (IoT)-based NTN systems.

[0057] The embodiments of the present application describe various embodiments in conjunction with network devices and terminal devices, where the terminal device may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device, etc.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device may be a station (STATION, ST) in a WLAN, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA) device, a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a next-generation communication system such as a terminal device in an NR network, or a terminal device in a future-evolved public land mobile network (PLMN) network, etc.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present application, a terminal device may be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user and can be used to connect people, objects, and machines, such as a handheld device with wireless connection capabilities, an in-vehicle device, etc. The terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a PDA, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) device, an augmented reality (AR) device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, etc. Optionally, the terminal device can be used to act as a base station. For example, the terminal device can act as a scheduling entity that provides sidelink signals between terminal devices in V2X or D2D, etc. For example, a cellular phone and a car communicate with each other using sidelink signals. Cellular phones and smart home devices communicate with each other without relaying the communication signal through a base station.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on the water surface (such as ships, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites, etc.).

[0061] In the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, or a wireless terminal device in a smart home, etc. The terminal device involved in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as a terminal, user equipment (UE), an access terminal device, a vehicle-mounted terminal, an industrial control terminal, a UE unit, a UE station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal device, a mobile device, a UE, a wireless communication device, a UE agent, or a UE device, etc. The terminal device may also be fixed or mobile.

[0062] As an example and not a limitation, in the embodiment of the present application, the terminal device may also be a wearable device. Wearable devices may also be called wearable smart devices, which are a general term for wearable devices that are intelligently designed and developed using wearable technology for daily wear, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. A wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothes or accessories. Wearable devices are not only hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly speaking, wearable smart devices include those that are fully functional, large in size, and can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on smartphones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, as well as those that only focus on a certain type of application function and need to be used in conjunction with other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0063] The network device in the embodiments of the present application may be a device for communicating with a terminal device, and may also be referred to as an access network device or a radio access network device. For example, the network device may be a base station. The network device in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) that connects a terminal device to a wireless network. A base station may broadly cover various names as follows, or be replaced with the following names, such as: NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNB), next generation NodeB (gNB), relay station, access point, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitting point (TP), master station MeNB, secondary station SeNB, multi-standard radio (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), positioning node, etc. A base station may be a macro base station, a micro base station, a relay node, a donor node, or the like, or a combination thereof. The base station may also refer to a communication module, modem or chip provided in the aforementioned device or apparatus. The base station may also be a mobile switching center and a device-to-device D2D, vehicle-to-everything (V2X), machine-to-machine (M2M) communication device that performs the base station function, a network side device in a 6G network, a device that performs the base station function in a future communication system, etc. The base station may support networks with the same or different access technologies. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the network equipment.

[0064] Base stations can be fixed or mobile. For example, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a mobile base station, and one or more cells can move based on the location of the mobile base station. In other examples, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a device that communicates with another base station.

[0065] In some deployments, the network device in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a CU or a DU, or the network device includes a CU and a DU. The gNB may also include an AAU.

[0066] The network equipment and terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; they can also be deployed in the air on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the scenarios in which the network equipment and terminal devices are located.

[0067] As an example and not a limitation, in an embodiment of the present application, a network device may have a mobile feature, for example, the network device may be a mobile device. In some embodiments of the present application, the network device may be a satellite or a balloon station. For example, the satellite may be a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite, a medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite, a geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite, a high elliptical orbit (HEO) satellite, etc. In some embodiments of the present application, the network device may also be a base station set up in a location such as land or water.

[0068] In an embodiment of the present application, the network device can provide services for a cell, and the terminal device communicates with the network device through the transmission resources used by the cell (for example, frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources). The cell can be a cell corresponding to the network device (for example, a base station). The cell can belong to a macro base station or a base station corresponding to a small cell. The small cells here may include: metro cells, micro cells, pico cells, femto cells, etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.

[0069] For example, Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1A, the communication system 100 may include a network device 110, which may be a device that communicates with a terminal device 120 (or also referred to as a communication terminal or terminal). The network device 110 may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area and may communicate with terminal devices located within the coverage area.

[0070] Figure 1A exemplarily shows a network device and two terminal devices. In some embodiments of the present application, the communication system 100 may include multiple network devices and each network device may include other number of terminal devices within its coverage area, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0071] For example, FIG1B is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG1B , a terminal device 1101 and a satellite 1102 are included, and wireless communication can be performed between the terminal device 1101 and the satellite 1102. The network formed between the terminal device 1101 and the satellite 1102 can also be referred to as an NTN. In the architecture of the communication system shown in FIG1B , the satellite 1102 can have the function of a base station, and the terminal device 1101 and the satellite 1102 can communicate directly. In the system architecture, the satellite 1102 can be referred to as a network device. In some embodiments of the present application, the communication system may include multiple network devices 1102, and each network device 1102 may include other numbers of terminal devices within its coverage area, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0072] For example, FIG1C is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG1C , it includes a terminal device 1201, a satellite 1202, and a base station 1203. Wireless communication can be performed between the terminal device 1201 and the satellite 1202, and communication can be performed between the satellite 1202 and the base station 1203. The network formed between the terminal device 1201, the satellite 1202, and the base station 1203 can also be referred to as an NTN. In the architecture of the communication system shown in FIG1C , the satellite 1202 may not have the function of a base station, and the communication between the terminal device 1201 and the base station 1203 needs to be transferred through the satellite 1202. In this system architecture, the base station 1203 can be referred to as a network device. In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of network devices 1203 may be included in the communication system, and each network device 1203 may include other number of terminal devices within its coverage area, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0073] It should be noted that Figures 1A-1C are only examples of the system to which this application is applicable. Of course, the method shown in the embodiment of this application can also be applied to other systems, such as 5G communication systems, LTE communication systems, etc., and the embodiment of this application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, the wireless communication system shown in Figures 1A-1C may also include other network entities such as a mobility management entity (MME) and an access and mobility management function (AMF), but the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0075] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, a device having a communication function in a network / system may be referred to as a communication device. Taking the communication system 100 shown in FIG1A as an example, the communication device may include a network device 110 and a terminal device 120 having a communication function. The network device 110 and the terminal device 120 may be the specific devices described above and will not be described in detail here. The communication device may also include other devices in the communication system 100, such as a network controller, a mobility management entity, and other network entities, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0076] It should be understood that the "indication" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication of an association. For example, "A indicates B" can mean that A directly indicates B, for example, B can be obtained through A; it can also mean that A indirectly indicates B, for example, A indicates C, and B can be obtained through C; it can also mean that there is an association between A and B.

[0077] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" may indicate a direct or indirect correspondence between the two, or an association relationship between the two, or a relationship between indication and being indicated, configuration and being configured, etc.

[0078] The “configuration” in the embodiment of the present application may include configuration through at least one of system messages, radio resource control (RRC) signaling and media access control element (MAC CE).

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, "predefined" or "preset" may be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in a device (e.g., a terminal device or a network device). This application does not limit the specific implementation method. For example, predefined may refer to information defined in a protocol.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, the "protocol" may refer to a standard protocol in the field of communications, for example, it may include an LTE protocol, an NR protocol, and related protocols used in future communication systems, and this application does not limit this.

[0081] For ease of understanding, the communication process involved in the embodiments of the present application is introduced below.

[0082] NTN

[0083] Currently, 3GPP is researching NTN technology. NTN generally uses satellite communications to provide communication services to users on the ground. Compared to terrestrial communication networks (for example, ground cellular networks), satellite communications offer many unique advantages.

[0084] First, satellite communications are not restricted by user geography. For example, conventional terrestrial communication networks cannot cover areas where network equipment cannot be deployed, such as oceans, mountains, and deserts. Similarly, terrestrial communication networks do not cover certain sparsely populated areas. However, because satellite communications can cover a large ground area and orbit the Earth, theoretically, every corner of the Earth can be covered by a satellite communication network.

[0085] Secondly, satellite communications have significant social value. They can provide low-cost coverage to remote, mountainous areas and impoverished countries and regions, enabling people in these areas to enjoy advanced voice communications and mobile internet technologies. From this perspective, satellite communications help narrow the digital divide with developed regions and promote their development.

[0086] Again, satellite communication has the advantage of long distance, and the increase in communication distance does not significantly increase the cost of communication.

[0087] Finally, satellite communications are highly stable and not affected by natural disasters.

[0088] Communication satellites are classified according to their orbital altitude into low Earth orbit (LEO), medium Earth orbit (MEO), geostationary Earth orbit (GEO), and high elliptical orbit (HEO). Currently, research focuses on LEO and GEO satellites.

[0089] LEO satellites typically operate at altitudes between 500 and 1500 km. Accordingly, their orbital period is approximately 1.5 to 2 hours. For LEO satellites, the signal propagation delay for single-hop communication between users is typically less than 20 milliseconds. The maximum satellite visibility time for LEO satellites is approximately 20 minutes. LEO satellites offer advantages such as short signal propagation distances, low link loss, and low transmit power requirements for user devices.

[0090] GEO satellites orbit at an altitude of 35,786 km. They orbit the Earth every 24 hours. For GEO satellites, the signal propagation delay for single-hop communication between users is typically about 250 milliseconds.

[0091] To ensure satellite coverage and increase the capacity of the entire satellite communication system, satellites typically use multiple beams to cover the ground. Therefore, a single satellite can form dozens or even hundreds of beams to cover the ground. A single satellite beam can cover a ground area with a diameter of tens to hundreds of kilometers.

[0092] Due to its wide coverage, satellite communications systems can reach locations where cellular operators are reluctant to deploy or where deployment is costly, such as extremely rural areas (where terminal equipment is potentially unstable), in the middle of the ocean, and on mountain peaks. Previously, satellite communications and 3GPP cellular technologies were independent. However, with the advent of 5G, satellite communications can be integrated with 3GPP NR, creating the aforementioned NTN communication system. In other words, 5G terminal devices can access both NTN and cellular communication systems.

[0093] In satellite communications, due to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirements (at the device level) for IoT-based NTN physical channels supported by Release 18 and satellite deployment, satellite transmissions can face significant path loss. Furthermore, due to limited transmit power, uplink coverage for devices such as IoT devices is severely limited. To address this issue, IoT systems employ time-domain repetitive transmission of NPUSCH and NPRACH.

[0094] The time domain repeated transmission of NPUSCH and NPRACH is introduced below in conjunction with Figures 2 to 5 respectively.

[0095] Figure 2 shows the repeated transmission of NPUSCH. The NPUSCH shown in Figure 2 adopts single-frequency transmission and is repeated N times. During the transmission process, only one subcarrier is modulated in the frequency domain, and the size of the transport block (TB) can be determined in the time domain according to M and the resource unit (RU). Among them, the transport block can include M RUs, and each RU consists of 16 time slots. After bit-to-symbol modulation, the modulated symbols can be mapped in the transport block, such as mapping them into M*16 time slots respectively. The transmission of NPUSCH is repeated N times.

[0096] For frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, there are three NPRACH formats (formats 0, 1, and 2). NPRACH consists of one or more repetitions, each consisting of multiple symbol groups. For formats 0 and 1, one repetition consists of four symbol groups, and for format 2, one repetition consists of six symbol groups.

[0097] Figure 3 shows an example of a NPRACH symbol group in format 0. As shown in Figure 3, for format 0, a symbol group consists of a cyclic prefix (CP) and five symbols. The CP duration is 2048Ts, and each symbol duration is 8192Ts, where Ts is the sampling duration defined in the relevant protocol (36.211). As can be seen, the duration of a symbol group in format 0 is 1.4ms. The duration of the five symbols that make up the NPRACH symbol group can also be expressed as T_SEQ.

[0098] Figure 4 shows an example of a symbol group for NPRACH format 1. As shown in Figure 4, for format 1, a symbol group consists of one CP and five symbols. The duration of the CP and each symbol is 8192 Ts. As can be seen, the duration of a symbol group for format 1 is 1.6 ms.

[0099] Figure 5 shows an example of a symbol group for NPRACH format 2. As shown in Figure 5, for format 2, a symbol group consists of one CP and three symbols. The duration of the CP and each symbol is 3*8192Ts. As can be seen, the duration of a symbol group for format 2 is 3.2ms.

[0100] With the repeated transmission of NPUSCH and NPRACH in the time domain, resource utilization is greatly reduced. Since satellites cover a very large area on the earth, the number of terminal devices covered by satellites is also very large. When multiple terminal devices need to transmit NPUSCH, this enhancement method requires more resources for one terminal device to transmit NPUSCH, and other terminal devices must wait for resources to be released before they can transmit NPUSCH. As a result, the use of this enhanced coverage method will introduce access delay, or increase access latency.

[0101] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present application, which addresses the aforementioned issues. The method illustrated in Figure 6 can be applied to NTN systems, such as IoT-based NTN systems. The following describes the method according to an embodiment of the present application from the perspective of interaction between terminal devices and network devices, using Figure 6 as a reference.

[0102] The method shown in FIG. 6 may include step S610 .

[0103] In step S610, the terminal device repeatedly transmits the first physical channel based on the first orthogonal code. In other words, the network device receives the first physical channel repeatedly transmitted by the terminal device based on the first orthogonal code.

[0104] The above-mentioned first physical channel may be, for example, NPUSCH and / or NPRACH.

[0105] In some embodiments, the first orthogonal code may be, for example, an orthogonal cover code (OCC).

[0106] The embodiment of the present application repeatedly transmits the first physical channel based on the first orthogonal code, which helps to achieve resource multiplexing on the resources occupied by the physical channel, thereby helping to improve resource utilization.

[0107] The following takes the first physical channel as NPUSCH as an example to introduce the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0108] In some embodiments, the first physical channel occupies a first resource, and the first resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code. The length of the first orthogonal code can also be referred to as the depth of the first orthogonal code. The first resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, which can mean that the application granularity of the first orthogonal code is the first resource, or in other words, the first orthogonal code is applied separately in each first resource. Accordingly, each first resource can be understood as an orthogonal coding group, and the first orthogonal code is applied separately in each orthogonal coding group. As a possible implementation method, the resources used to transmit the first physical channel can be grouped, and then the first orthogonal code is applied separately in each group.

[0109] In some embodiments, the first physical channel may occupy one or more first resources, or in other words, repeated transmission of the first physical channel may occupy one or more first resources.

[0110] In some embodiments, the first resource may include multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups. Different time slots in the multiple time slots are used to transmit the same data in the first physical channel, or different time slot groups in the multiple time slot groups are used to transmit the same data in the first physical channel. Different time slots in each time slot group may, for example, be used to transmit different data in the first physical channel.

[0111] For example, the first resource may include two time slots (represented by time slot 0 and time slot 0), and the first orthogonal code may be applied in the two time slots. For another example, each time slot group includes two time slots (represented by time slot 0 and time slot 1), and the first resource may include two time slot groups (time slot 0, time slot 1, time slot 0, time slot 1), and the first orthogonal code may be applied in the two time slot groups.

[0112] It should be noted that the "X" in "Time Slot X" is used only to identify time slots that transmit the same data and does not refer to the index of the time slot. For example, if the first resource includes two time slots, "Time Slot 0" and "Time Slot 0" are used only to indicate that both time slots included in the first resource are used to transmit the same data. For another example, if the first resource includes two time slot groups, "Time Slot 0," "Time Slot 1," "Time Slot 0," and "Time Slot 1" in the first resource are used to indicate that the two time slots in each time slot group can be used to transmit different data, and that both time slot groups are used to transmit the same data.

[0113] In some embodiments, the length of the first orthogonal code is the same as the number of repetitions of the same data in the first physical channel in the resource corresponding to the length of the first orthogonal code. For example, the length of the first orthogonal code is the same as the number of repetitions of the same data in the first physical channel in the first resource and the second through fourth resources described below. As an example, when the first resource includes the aforementioned multiple time slots, the length of the first orthogonal code can be the number of time slots. As another example, when the first resource includes the aforementioned multiple time slot groups, the length of the first orthogonal code can be the number of time slot groups.

[0114] In some embodiments, the time domain positions of the multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups are different. For example, the time domain positions of the multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups may be continuous or discontinuous. When the time domain positions of the multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups are continuous, the channels corresponding to the multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups vary less, thereby helping to avoid the impact of channel variation on orthogonality.

[0115] In some embodiments, multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups have the same frequency domain location. For example, the multiple time slots or the time slots included in the multiple time slot groups may correspond to the same subcarrier. As an example, the multiple time slots may be multiple consecutive time slots corresponding to the same subcarrier, or the multiple time slots may be multiple discontinuous time slots corresponding to the same subcarrier.

[0116] In some embodiments, the frequency domain positions of multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups may be different. For example, the frequency domain positions of multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups may be continuous or discontinuous. As an example, each time slot in the multiple time slots may be located at a continuous subcarrier or a discontinuous subcarrier. As another example, each time slot group in the multiple time slot groups may be located at a continuous subcarrier or a discontinuous subcarrier. It should be noted that, in this case, the frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots in the time slot group may be the same. In the case where the frequency domain positions of multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups are continuous, the channel changes corresponding to the multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups are small, which helps to avoid the impact of channel changes on orthogonality. For another example, the time domain positions of multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups are the same.

[0117] For ease of understanding, multiple examples of the first resource are given below, see Figures 7A to 7F for details.

[0118] Figure 7A is an example diagram of a first resource. The first resource shown in Figure 7A includes two time slots, and the two time slots have the same frequency domain position and continuous time domain position.

[0119] Figure 7B is another example diagram of the first resource. The first resource shown in Figure 7B includes two time slots, and the time domain positions of the two time slots are the same and the frequency domain positions are continuous.

[0120] Figure 7C is another example diagram of the first resource. The first resource shown in Figure 7C includes two time slot groups, each of which includes slot 0 and slot 1. The two time slot groups have the same frequency domain position and continuous time domain position.

[0121] Figure 7D is another example diagram of the first resource. The first resource shown in Figure 7D includes two time slot groups, each of which includes slot 0 and slot 1. The two time slot groups are continuous in frequency domain positions and the same in time domain positions.

[0122] FIG. 7E is an example diagram of the first resource in a repeated transmission of FIG. 2 .

[0123] FIG. 7F is another example diagram of the first resource in a repeated transmission of FIG. 2 .

[0124] It should be noted that the redundancy version (RV) of the resource units used to transmit the same data in the orthogonal coding group is the same. For example, the RV values ​​of the two time slots in the first resource shown in FIG7A are the same.

[0125] In some embodiments, during repeated transmission of a first physical channel based on a first orthogonal code, it is necessary to determine the actual number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel. The number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel can, for example, be directly configured by a network device, or can be determined based on other parameters configured by the network device. As an example, the number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions configured by the network device. As another example, the number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions N configured by the network device and the length L of the first orthogonal code, such that the number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is N / L.

[0126] In some embodiments, the first orthogonal code includes a first coefficient, and the first resource carries the product of the data used for transmission by the first resource and the first coefficient. For example, before mapping the modulated symbols (including the data used for transmission by the first resource) to the first resource, the modulated symbols can be multiplied by the first coefficient, and then the product of the modulated symbols and the first coefficient can be mapped to the first resource.

[0127] If the NPUSCH is configured with discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread, the multiplication with the first coefficient may be performed before the DFT spread or after the DFT.

[0128] For example, the first orthogonal code may include one or more first coefficients. The number of first coefficients included in the first orthogonal code may be the same as the length of the first orthogonal code. Therefore, the first orthogonal code may be represented as [w(0), ..., w(i)], where i = L-1, L is the length of the first orthogonal code, and w(0), ..., w(i) are multiple first coefficients. For example, if the length of the first orthogonal code is 2, the first orthogonal code may be represented as [w(0), w(1)].

[0129] If the first resource includes multiple time slots, and the data transmitted in each time slot is the first data, then the multiple time slots carry the results of multiplying the multiple first data by the multiple first coefficients in a one-to-one correspondence. For example, if the first resource includes two slots0 and the first coefficients are w(0) and w(1), the first slot0 carries the product of the first data and w(0), and the second slot0 carries the product of the first data and w(1).

[0130] In some embodiments, a terminal device may receive first information, such as first information transmitted by a network device. Alternatively, the network device may transmit the first information to the terminal device. For example, the terminal device may receive the first information before repeatedly transmitting a first physical channel. Alternatively, the network device may transmit the first information to the terminal device before receiving the first physical channel repeatedly transmitted by the terminal device based on a first orthogonal code. The first information may indicate the first orthogonal code.

[0131] For example, the first information may include the length of the first orthogonal code and / or the index of the first orthogonal code. The first coefficient may be determined based on the index of the first orthogonal code.

[0132] In some embodiments, the first information, such as the length of the first orthogonal code, may be carried in RRC signaling or NPUSCH configuration information. In some embodiments, the first information, such as the index of the first orthogonal code, may be determined by the terminal device from downlink control information (DCI) indication or radio resource control (RRC) signaling.

[0133] The following takes the first physical channel as NPRACH as an example to introduce the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0134] As mentioned above, one NPRACH repetition may include multiple symbol groups. Based on this, the first orthogonal code may be applied within a symbol group or between symbol groups.

[0135] In some embodiments, the first physical channel occupies a second resource, and the second resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code. The second resource includes multiple time domain units within a symbol group. That is, the first physical channel can be repeatedly transmitted based on the first orthogonal code within the symbol group. For example, a symbol group may include one or more second resources, or in other words, part or all of the resources used to transmit the first physical channel within a symbol group are divided into different orthogonal coding groups, and the first orthogonal code is applied to each orthogonal coding group. This method can also be referred to as symbol-level orthogonal coding grouping within a symbol group.

[0136] In some embodiments, the multiple time domain units in the second resource include multiple symbols in a symbol group other than the CP. In other words, the CP does not perform repeated transmission of the first physical channel based on the first orthogonal code. In other words, the CP does not participate in the division of the orthogonal coding group.

[0137] For example, the multiple symbols may include all symbols within a symbol group except for the CP. As the length of the first orthogonal code increases, more terminal devices can be multiplexed with the same NPRACH resource, thereby helping to improve multiplexing gain, or resource utilization. Furthermore, all symbols except for the CP are used for NPRACH transmission, which means that all symbols can be used for NPRACH transmission, providing more receive power for the base station to detect NPRACH.

[0138] For another example, for NPRACHs of different formats, the orthogonal coding groups are divided in different ways. As an example, the format of the first physical channel is format 0, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 5 consecutive symbols. As another example, the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 5 consecutive symbols. Since the NPRACHs of format 0 and format 1 both include five symbols, when the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols, there will be one symbol remaining in the symbol group that does not constitute an orthogonal coding group. It should be noted that symbols that do not constitute any orthogonal coding group may not be transmitted on NPRACH. As another example, the format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 3 consecutive symbols.

[0139] The fewer resources included in the aforementioned second resource, the less impact the time-domain variations of the channels within the second resource have on the orthogonality within the second resource. Taking a first orthogonal code length of 2 as an example, the channel coherence time is greater than 0.53ms, which ensures orthogonality within the second resource. Taking a first orthogonal code length of 5 as an example, the channel coherence time is greater than 1.33ms, which ensures orthogonality within the second resource. Therefore, a first orthogonal code length of 5 can be applied in scenarios where the channel variations are not too rapid, such as CEO scenarios.

[0140] For ease of understanding, FIG8A to FIG8F provide examples of multiple symbols in the second resource.

[0141] As shown in FIG8A , the multiple symbols in the second resource may refer to symbols 1 and 2 in a symbol group of NPRACH, or symbols 3 and 4. In this case, symbol 5 does not form an orthogonal coding group, so symbol 5 may not transmit NPRACH.

[0142] As shown in Figure 8B, the multiple symbols in the second resource may refer to symbols 2 and 3 in a symbol group of NPRACH, or symbols 4 and 5. In this case, symbol 1 does not form an orthogonal coding group, so symbol 1 may not transmit NPRACH.

[0143] As shown in FIG8C , the multiple symbols in the second resource may refer to all symbols in a symbol group of NPRACH, ie, symbols 1 to 5.

[0144] As shown in Figure 8D, the multiple symbols in the second resource may refer to symbol 1 and symbol 2 in a symbol group of NPRACH. In this case, symbol 3 does not form an orthogonal coding group, so symbol 3 may not transmit NPRACH.

[0145] As shown in Figure 8E, the multiple symbols in the second resource may refer to symbol 2 and symbol 3 in a symbol group of NPRACH. In this case, symbol 1 does not form an orthogonal coding group, so symbol 1 may not transmit NPRACH.

[0146] As shown in FIG8F , the multiple symbols in the second resource may refer to all symbols in a symbol group of NPRACH, namely, symbol 1, symbol 2, and symbol 3.

[0147] It should be noted that Figures 8A to 8C can be applied to NPRACH of format 0 and format 1; Figures 8D to 8F can be applied to NPRACH of format 2.

[0148] In some embodiments, the multiple time domain units in the second resource include a CP and one or more symbols within a symbol group, or the multiple time domain units in the second resource include multiple symbols. In other words, the CP participates in the division of orthogonal coding groups, such as the CP in a symbol group of NPRACHs in formats 1 and 2 participates in the division of orthogonal coding groups. It should be noted that since the lengths of the CP and symbol in a symbol group of NPRACH in format 0 are different, the CP does not participate in the division of orthogonal coding groups for NPRACH in format 0.

[0149] For example, when multiple time domain units include one or more symbols and a CP: the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include the CP and the first symbol; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include the CP and the first two symbols; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include the CP and five symbols; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple time domain units include the CP and the first symbol; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple time domain units include the CP and three symbols. The multiple time domain units mentioned here are the multiple time domain units included in the orthogonal coding group where the CP is located when the CP participates in orthogonal coding group division.

[0150] For another example, when the multiple time domain units include multiple symbols: the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple symbols include two consecutive symbols or three consecutive symbols; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple symbols include two consecutive symbols. The multiple time domain units mentioned here are the multiple time domain units included in the orthogonal coding group where the CP participates in orthogonal coding group division.

[0151] It can be seen that the above-mentioned multiple ways of dividing the orthogonal coding groups can support the system in flexibly selecting the length of the first orthogonal code.

[0152] It should be noted that the method of dividing the orthogonal coding groups within the NPRACH symbol group in the embodiment of the present application is only given as an example and is not limited in this application.

[0153] Similarly, the fewer time domain units included in the above-mentioned second resource, the smaller the impact of the time domain change of the channel in the second resource on the orthogonality in the second resource. Taking the length of the first orthogonal code as 2 as an example, the channel coherence time is greater than 0.53ms, which can ensure the orthogonality in the second resource. Taking the length of the first orthogonal code as 5 as an example, the channel coherence time is greater than 1.33ms, which can ensure the orthogonality in the second resource. Therefore, the length of the first orthogonal code of 5 can be applied to scenarios where the channel changes are not too fast, such as GEO scenarios. In addition, if the second resource includes more time domain units, more receiving power can be provided for the base station to detect NPRACH.

[0154] Based on this, in actual use, the second resource can be determined based on factors such as channel status, channel coherence time or usage scenario, that is, the division method of the orthogonal coding group can be determined.

[0155] For ease of understanding, Figures 9 and 10 provide examples of multiple time domain units in the second resource, that is, examples of CPs participating in orthogonal code group division. Figure 9 shows a method for NPRACH orthogonal code group division applicable to format 1. Figure 10 shows a method for NPRACH orthogonal code group division applicable to format 2.

[0156] The above describes a method for applying the first orthogonal code within a symbol group. The following describes a method for applying the first orthogonal code between symbol groups.

[0157] In some embodiments, the first physical channel occupies a third resource, the third resource corresponds to a length of the first orthogonal code, and the third resource includes a plurality of symbol groups.

[0158] For example, the time domain positions of some or all of the symbol groups in the multiple symbol groups are different. As an example, the time domain positions of some or all of the symbol groups in the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

[0159] For another example, the frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are different. As another example, the frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

[0160] For another example, the frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are the same.

[0161] For another example, the time domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are the same. As another example, the frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

[0162] In some embodiments, different symbol groups in the plurality of symbol groups are used to transmit the same content in the first physical channel. The same content mentioned here can be used by different symbol groups to transmit the same sequence.

[0163] In some embodiments, resources occupied by a transmission of the first physical channel include one or more third resources. In other words, the symbol groups included in a transmission of the first physical channel may be divided into orthogonal coding groups, and the orthogonal coding groups may include multiple symbol groups.

[0164] To facilitate understanding of the method of applying the first orthogonal code between symbol groups, some examples of multiple symbol groups in the third resource are given below.

[0165] Taking NPRACH format 0 or format 1 as an example, during repeated NPRACH transmission, one NPRACH transmission, or one repeated NPRACH transmission, can include four symbol groups (symbol group 0 to symbol group 3). In related art, symbol group 0 and symbol group 1 are transmitted on two consecutive subcarriers; symbol group 2 and symbol group 3 are transmitted on two other consecutive subcarriers, as shown in Figure 11A. The frequency offset between symbol group 1 and symbol group 2 is large. Symbol groups 0 to 3 are continuous in the time domain.

[0166] Referring to FIG. 11A , taking the length of the first orthogonal code as 2 as an example, the multiple symbol groups in the third resource may include symbol group 0 and symbol group 1, and the multiple symbol groups in the third resource may include symbol group 2 and symbol group 3. In other words, the first orthogonal code may be applied to symbol group 0 and symbol group 1, and the first orthogonal code may be applied to symbol group 2 and symbol group 3. In this case, the time domain positions of all the symbol groups in the multiple symbol groups in the third resource are continuous, and the frequency domain positions are continuous.

[0167] It can be seen that the position of the symbol group in the above method does not change. Therefore, the new terminal device, that is, the terminal device that can apply the first orthogonal code to transmit the first physical channel can share the NPRACH resource with the traditional terminal device.

[0168] Still taking the example of a first orthogonal code length of 2, symbol group 0 and symbol group 1 can be transmitted on the same subcarrier (subcarrier 0 or subcarrier 1), and symbol group 2 and symbol group 3 can be transmitted on the same subcarrier (subcarrier 6 or subcarrier 7), as shown in Figure 11B. The frequency offset between symbol group 1 and symbol group 2 is large. Symbol groups 0 through 3 are continuous in the time domain. In this case, all of the multiple symbol groups in the third resource have the same frequency domain position and continuous time domain position.

[0169] The frequency domain positions of multiple symbol groups in the third resource are the same, which helps to avoid the impact of frequency selectivity on orthogonality. It should be noted that since the positions of some symbol groups in the third resource have changed compared to the related art, such as the change in the positions of symbol group 1 and symbol group 2 in Figure 11B, it is necessary to allocate a dedicated NPRACH resource pool for the new terminal device, that is, the terminal device that can use the first orthogonal code to transmit the first physical channel.

[0170] In some embodiments, the third resource may include a symbol group in the related art and a copy of the symbol group, as shown in FIG11C . That is, the symbol group in the related art may be copied (the copied symbol group may have the same number as the copied symbol group), and symbol groups with the same number may constitute the third resource, or symbol groups with the same number may be divided into an orthogonal coding group. In this case, all symbol groups in the multiple symbol groups in the third resource have the same time domain position and continuous frequency domain position.

[0171] In this way, the third resource has a shorter duration, which helps the first orthogonal code to maintain good orthogonality with the time-varying channel.

[0172] To improve receiver energy and detection accuracy, the third resource can include multiple symbol groups and multiple symbol group replicas. Taking the first orthogonal code length as an example, the third resource can include two symbol groups 0 and two symbol groups 1 as shown in Figure 11C , and the third resource can include two symbol groups 2 and two symbol groups 3 as shown in Figure 11C . In this case, some of the multiple resource groups in the third resource have the same time domain location, while others have different time domain locations, and some have the same frequency domain location, while others have different frequency domain locations.

[0173] Taking NPRACH format 2 as an example, during repeated NPRACH transmission, one NPRACH transmission, or one repeated NPRACH transmission, can include six symbol groups (symbol group 0-symbol group 5), as shown in Figure 12A (i is the symbol group index). In related art, symbol group 0, symbol group 1, and symbol group 2 are transmitted within one resource region block (6 subcarriers multiplied by 3 symbols); symbol group 3, symbol group 4, and symbol group 5 are transmitted within another resource region block (6 subcarriers multiplied by 3 symbols). These two resource region blocks are separated by 12 subcarriers in the frequency domain, or in other words, the two resource region blocks are offset by 12 subcarriers in the frequency domain. These two resource region blocks are continuous in the time domain. Within a block area, the first two symbol groups, such as symbol group 0 and symbol group 1, are transmitted on two consecutive subcarriers, and the third symbol group, such as symbol group 2, is transmitted on a subcarrier that is 2 subcarriers away from symbol group 1.

[0174] Similar to NPRACH formats 0 and 1, orthogonal code groups can be divided without changing the symbol group positions, thereby facilitating resource sharing between new and legacy terminal devices. Taking the first orthogonal code length of 3 as an example, the third resource can include symbol group 0, symbol group 1, and symbol group 2, as shown in Figure 12B. In this case, all resources in the multiple resource groups within the third resource have continuous time domain positions but different frequency domain positions, and some resource groups have continuous time domain positions while others have discontinuous time domain positions.

[0175] To avoid loss of orthogonality due to frequency selection, the third resource can include multiple symbol groups transmitted on the same subcarrier. Taking the first orthogonal code length of 3 as an example, the third resource can include symbol group 0, symbol group 1, and symbol group 2 corresponding to subcarrier 0, as shown in Figure 12C. In this case, all of the multiple symbol groups in the third resource have the same frequency domain position and continuous time domain position.

[0176] It should be noted that, since the positions of some symbol groups in the third resource have changed compared with the related technology, such as the positions of symbol group 1 and symbol group 2 in Figure 12C have changed, it is necessary to allocate a dedicated NPRACH resource pool for the new terminal device, that is, the terminal device that can apply the first orthogonal code to transmit the first physical channel.

[0177] In some embodiments, the third resource may include a symbol group and a copy of the symbol group, such as multiple symbol groups with the same number in a resource region block (6 subcarriers multiplied by 3 symbols). The resource region block may include three symbol groups and five copies of these three symbol groups, as shown in FIG12D . In other words, compared with the related art, the resource positions of multiple symbol groups can be changed, and multiple symbol groups can be copied, and then orthogonal coding groups can be divided based on the copy results. Taking the length of the first orthogonal code as 6 as an example, the third resource can include 6 symbol groups 0. In this way, the duration of the third resource is relatively short, which helps the first orthogonal code to maintain good orthogonality with the time-varying channel.

[0178] To improve receiver energy and detection accuracy, the third resource may include multiple symbol groups and multiple symbol group replicas. For example, the third resource may include all symbol groups 0, 1, and 2 in FIG12D, for a total of 18 symbol groups.

[0179] In some embodiments, a first orthogonal code may be applied between multiple transmissions of the first physical channel. That is, the first physical channel occupies a fourth resource, the fourth resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, and the fourth resource includes multiple resource units, each of the multiple resource units is used for one transmission of the first physical channel (which can be recorded as one repetition).

[0180] Figure 13 shows an example of the fourth resource. Referring to Figure 13 , the first physical channel is repeatedly transmitted N times, and the length of the first orthogonal code is 2. That is, the fourth resource may include repetition 0 and repetition 1. Of course, the length of the first orthogonal code can also be flexibly selected, such as other values ​​such as 3 or 4.

[0181] In some embodiments, frequency hopping transmission is not used between the sub-resource units included in the fourth resource to avoid the impact of channel frequency selectivity on orthogonality. That is, the multiple resource units include a first resource unit and a second resource unit that are continuous in the time domain, and the sub-resource units with the same index modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit have the same frequency domain position, or in other words, the sub-resource units with the same sequence number in the multiple resource units have the same frequency domain position. For example, the first physical channel is NPRACH, and the symbol groups with the same index modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit have the same frequency domain position.

[0182] The modulo value of the index may refer to the value of the index modulo Y. Y may be the number of sub-resource units included in the resource unit. Since one transmission of NPRACH format 0 and format 1 includes four symbol groups, Y is 4 for NPRACH format 0 and format 1. Since one transmission of NPRACH format 2 includes six symbol groups, Y is 6 for NPRACH format 2.

[0183] In some embodiments, between different fourth resources, such as adjacent fourth resources, frequency modulation can be used for transmission to improve signal detection performance. For example, the frequency domain positions of the sub-resource units with the same index modulus value in the third resource unit and the second resource unit are different, wherein the third resource unit and the second resource unit are continuous in the time domain, and the third resource unit and the second resource unit belong to different fourth resources, or in other words, the second resource unit and the third resource unit belong to different orthogonal coding groups. As an example, the first physical channel is NPRACH, and the frequency domain positions of the symbol groups with the same index modulus value in the second resource unit and the third resource unit are different.

[0184] For ease of understanding, the relevant content of the fourth resource is introduced below in conjunction with Figure 14.

[0185] The first physical channel shown in Figure 14 is NPRACH. One transmission of the first physical channel includes four symbol groups. Figure 14 exemplifies four transmissions of the first physical channel. For example, if the length of the first orthogonal code is 2, the fourth resource includes two transmissions of the first physical channel, such as repetition 0 and repetition 1, and / or repetition 2 and repetition 3.

[0186] In repetition 0 and repetition 1, the symbol groups used to transmit the same content have the same relative positions in the frequency domain resources of the repetition. Repetition 0 and repetition 1 are the first resource unit and the second resource unit mentioned above, respectively. For example, the sub-resources with the same modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit may be symbol group 0 in repetition 0 and symbol group 4 in repetition 1. The modulus value of these two symbol group indices (also referred to as symbol group numbers) with respect to 4 is 0. Symbol group 0 in repetition 0 and symbol group 4 in repetition 1 have the same frequency domain position.

[0187] Taking the second resource unit as repetition 1 and the third resource unit as repetition 2 as an example, the sub-resource units with the same index modulo value in the third resource unit and the second resource unit can be, for example, symbol group 4 and symbol group 8. The modulo value of 4 for these two symbol group indices is both 0. Therefore, the frequency domain positions of symbol group 4 in repetition 1 and symbol group 8 in repetition 2 are different, thereby improving detection performance. Of course, the frequency domain positions of the sub-resource units with the same index modulo value in the third resource unit and the second resource unit can also be the same.

[0188] In the case where the first physical channel is NPRACH, the first orthogonal code includes a second coefficient, and the resources occupied by the first physical channel, such as the third resource or the fourth resource, carry the product of the content used for transmission by the first physical channel and the second coefficient. For example, the first orthogonal code may include one or more second coefficients. The number of second coefficients included in the first orthogonal code may be the same as the length of the first orthogonal code. Therefore, the first orthogonal code may be expressed as [w(0),…,w(i)], where i=L-1, L is the length of the first orthogonal code, and w(0),…,w(i) are multiple second coefficients. For example, if the length of the first orthogonal code is 2, the first orthogonal code may be expressed as [w(0),w(1)].

[0189] Taking the first physical channel occupying the third resource as an example, the third resource may include L symbol groups, and accordingly, the second coefficient may include w(0), ..., w(L-1). The multiple symbol groups are multiplied one-to-one with the multiple values ​​of the second coefficient, and the results are mapped to the multiple symbol groups.

[0190] In some embodiments, a random access radio network temporary identity (RA-RNTI) of a terminal device is determined based on an index of a first orthogonal code. When the terminal device determines the first orthogonal code, it also determines a corresponding orthogonal code index, which may also be part of the NPRACH resource. Therefore, incorporating the index of the first orthogonal code into the calculation of the RA-RNTI of the terminal device helps to reduce the receiving power consumption of the terminal device. For example, when two terminal devices collide in the same NPRACH time-frequency resource, if the two terminal devices use different orthogonal codes, the network device can detect the two terminal devices at the same time and use the RA-RNTI associated with their orthogonal code indexes to send RAR messages to the two terminal devices respectively. In this case, the terminal device may not need to wait until message 4 to check the contention resolution method, which helps to reduce the power consumption of the terminal device.

[0191] In some embodiments, the terminal device may determine the first orthogonal code from multiple orthogonal codes configured by the network device or multiple predefined orthogonal codes. For example, the network device may configure multiple orthogonal code indexes for the terminal device, and the terminal device may select the orthogonal code to use based on these orthogonal code indexes.

[0192] It should be noted that, for ease of understanding, the embodiment of the present application is introduced using single-carrier transmission of the first physical channel as an example, but the method provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to other scenarios, such as multi-carrier transmission.

[0193] The method embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, and the device embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. It should be understood that the description of the method embodiments corresponds to the description of the device embodiments, so for parts not described in detail, reference can be made to the above method embodiments.

[0194] FIG15 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The terminal device 1500 includes: a transmission unit 1510 .

[0195] The transmission unit 1510 is configured to repeatedly transmit a first physical channel based on a first orthogonal code.

[0196] In some embodiments, the first physical channel is a narrowband physical uplink shared channel NPUSCH.

[0197] In some embodiments, the first physical channel occupies a first resource, the first resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, the first resource includes multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups, different time slots in the multiple time slots are used to transmit the same data in the first physical channel, or different time slot groups in the multiple time slot groups are used to transmit the same data in the first physical channel.

[0198] In some embodiments, the time domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are different.

[0199] In some embodiments, the time domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are continuous.

[0200] In some embodiments, the frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are the same.

[0201] In some embodiments, the frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are different.

[0202] In some embodiments, the frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are continuous.

[0203] In some embodiments, the time domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are the same.

[0204] In some embodiments, different time slots in each of the time slot groups are used to transmit different data in the first physical channel.

[0205] In some embodiments, the number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions configured by the network device, or the number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions configured by the network device and the length of the first orthogonal code.

[0206] In some embodiments, the first orthogonal code includes a first coefficient, and the first resource carries the product of data used for transmission by the first resource and the first coefficient.

[0207] In some embodiments, the first physical channel is a narrowband physical random access channel NPRACH.

[0208] In some embodiments, the first physical channel occupies a second resource, the second resource corresponds to a length of the first orthogonal code, and the second resource includes a plurality of time domain units within a symbol group.

[0209] In some embodiments, the plurality of time domain units include a plurality of symbols excluding a cyclic prefix (CP) within a symbol group.

[0210] In some embodiments, the plurality of symbols includes all symbols within a symbol group except the CP.

[0211] In some embodiments, the format of the first physical channel is format 0, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 5 consecutive symbols; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 5 consecutive symbols; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 3 consecutive symbols.

[0212] In some embodiments, the multiple time domain units include a CP and one or more symbols within a symbol group, or the multiple time domain units include multiple symbols.

[0213] In some embodiments, the multiple time domain units include a CP and all symbols in a symbol group.

[0214] In some embodiments, when the multiple time domain units include one or more symbols and a CP: the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and the first symbol; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and the first two symbols; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and 5 symbols; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and the first symbol; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and 3 symbols.

[0215] In some embodiments, when the multiple time domain units include multiple symbols: the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 3 consecutive symbols; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols.

[0216] In some embodiments, the first physical channel occupies a third resource, the third resource corresponds to a length of the first orthogonal code, and the third resource includes a plurality of symbol groups.

[0217] In some embodiments, some or all of the multiple symbol groups have different time domain positions.

[0218] In some embodiments, the time domain positions of some or all of the plurality of symbol groups are continuous.

[0219] In some embodiments, frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are different.

[0220] In some embodiments, frequency domain positions of some or all of the plurality of symbol groups are continuous.

[0221] In some embodiments, frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are the same.

[0222] In some embodiments, some or all of the multiple symbol groups have the same time domain position.

[0223] In some embodiments, frequency domain positions of some or all of the plurality of symbol groups are continuous.

[0224] In some embodiments, different symbol groups among the plurality of symbol groups are used to transmit the same content in the first physical channel.

[0225] In some embodiments, resources occupied by one transmission of the first physical channel include one or more of the third resources.

[0226] In some embodiments, a random access radio network temporary identifier RA-RNTI of the terminal device is determined based on an index of the first orthogonal code.

[0227] In some embodiments, the first physical channel occupies a fourth resource, the fourth resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, the fourth resource includes multiple resource units, and each resource unit in the multiple resource units is used for one transmission of the first physical channel.

[0228] In some embodiments, the multiple resource units include a first resource unit and a second resource unit that are continuous in the time domain, and sub-resource units with the same index modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit have the same frequency domain position.

[0229] In some embodiments, the first physical channel is NPRACH, and the frequency domain positions of the symbol groups with the same index modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit are the same.

[0230] In some embodiments, the frequency domain positions of the sub-resource units with the same index modulus value in the third resource unit and the second resource unit are different, wherein the third resource unit and the second resource unit are continuous in the time domain, and the third resource unit and the second resource unit belong to different fourth resources.

[0231] In some embodiments, the first physical channel is NPRACH, and the frequency domain positions of symbol groups with the same index modulus value in the second resource unit and the third resource unit are different.

[0232] In some embodiments, the first orthogonal code includes a second coefficient, and the resources occupied by the first physical channel carry the product of the content used for transmission by the first physical channel and the second coefficient.

[0233] In some embodiments, before the terminal device repeatedly sends the first physical channel, the device further includes: a receiving unit for receiving first information, where the first information is used to indicate the first orthogonal code.

[0234] In some embodiments, the first information includes one or more of the following information: the length of the first orthogonal code; and the index of the first orthogonal code.

[0235] In some embodiments, the device further includes: a determining unit, configured to determine the first orthogonal code from a plurality of orthogonal codes configured by the network device or a plurality of predefined orthogonal codes.

[0236] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The network device 1600 may include a receiving unit 1610 .

[0237] The receiving unit 1610 is configured to receive a first physical channel repeatedly transmitted by a terminal device based on a first orthogonal code.

[0238] In some embodiments, the first physical channel is a narrowband physical uplink shared channel NPUSCH.

[0239] In some embodiments, the first physical channel occupies a first resource, the first resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, the first resource includes multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups, different time slots in the multiple time slots are used to transmit the same data in the first physical channel, or different time slot groups in the multiple time slot groups are used to transmit the same data in the first physical channel.

[0240] In some embodiments, the time domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are different.

[0241] In some embodiments, the time domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are continuous.

[0242] In some embodiments, the frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are the same.

[0243] In some embodiments, the frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are different.

[0244] In some embodiments, the frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are continuous.

[0245] In some embodiments, the time domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are the same.

[0246] In some embodiments, different time slots in each of the time slot groups are used to transmit different data in the first physical channel.

[0247] In some embodiments, the number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions configured by the network device, or the number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions configured by the network device and the length of the first orthogonal code.

[0248] In some embodiments, the first orthogonal code includes a first coefficient, and the first resource carries the product of data used for transmission by the first resource and the first coefficient.

[0249] In some embodiments, the first physical channel is a narrowband physical random access channel NPRACH.

[0250] In some embodiments, the first physical channel occupies a second resource, the second resource corresponds to a length of the first orthogonal code, and the second resource includes a plurality of time domain units within a symbol group.

[0251] In some embodiments, the plurality of time domain units include a plurality of symbols excluding a cyclic prefix (CP) within a symbol group.

[0252] In some embodiments, the plurality of symbols includes all symbols within a symbol group except the CP.

[0253] In some embodiments, the format of the first physical channel is format 0, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 5 consecutive symbols; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 5 consecutive symbols; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 3 consecutive symbols.

[0254] In some embodiments, the multiple time domain units include a CP and one or more symbols within a symbol group, or the multiple time domain units include multiple symbols.

[0255] In some embodiments, the multiple time domain units include a CP and all symbols in a symbol group.

[0256] In some embodiments, when the multiple time domain units include one or more symbols and a CP: the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and the first symbol; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and the first two symbols; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and 5 symbols; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and the first symbol; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and 3 symbols.

[0257] In some embodiments, when the multiple time domain units include multiple symbols: the format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 3 consecutive symbols; or, the format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols.

[0258] In some embodiments, the first physical channel occupies a third resource, the third resource corresponds to a length of the first orthogonal code, and the third resource includes a plurality of symbol groups.

[0259] In some embodiments, some or all of the multiple symbol groups have different time domain positions.

[0260] In some embodiments, the time domain positions of some or all of the plurality of symbol groups are continuous.

[0261] In some embodiments, frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are different.

[0262] In some embodiments, frequency domain positions of some or all of the plurality of symbol groups are continuous.

[0263] In some embodiments, frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are the same.

[0264] In some embodiments, some or all of the multiple symbol groups have the same time domain position.

[0265] In some embodiments, frequency domain positions of some or all of the plurality of symbol groups are continuous.

[0266] In some embodiments, different symbol groups among the plurality of symbol groups are used to transmit the same content in the first physical channel.

[0267] In some embodiments, resources occupied by one transmission of the first physical channel include one or more of the third resources.

[0268] In some embodiments, a random access radio network temporary identifier RA-RNTI of the terminal device is determined based on an index of the first orthogonal code.

[0269] In some embodiments, the first physical channel occupies a fourth resource, the fourth resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, the fourth resource includes multiple resource units, and each resource unit in the multiple resource units is used for one transmission of the first physical channel.

[0270] In some embodiments, the multiple resource units include a first resource unit and a second resource unit that are continuous in the time domain, and sub-resource units with the same index modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit have the same frequency domain position.

[0271] In some embodiments, the first physical channel is NPRACH, and the frequency domain positions of the symbol groups with the same index modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit are the same.

[0272] In some embodiments, the frequency domain positions of the sub-resource units with the same index modulus value in the third resource unit and the second resource unit are different, wherein the third resource unit and the second resource unit are continuous in the time domain, and the third resource unit and the second resource unit belong to different fourth resources.

[0273] In some embodiments, the first physical channel is NPRACH, and the frequency domain positions of symbol groups with the same index modulus value in the second resource unit and the third resource unit are different.

[0274] In some embodiments, the first orthogonal code includes a second coefficient, and the resources occupied by the first physical channel carry the product of the content used for transmission by the first physical channel and the second coefficient.

[0275] In some embodiments, before the network device receives the first physical channel repeatedly transmitted by the terminal device based on the first orthogonal code, the device further includes: a sending unit for sending first information to the terminal device, where the first information is used to indicate the first orthogonal code.

[0276] In some embodiments, the first information includes one or more of the following information: the length of the first orthogonal code; and the index of the first orthogonal code.

[0277] In an optional embodiment, the transmission unit in the above-mentioned terminal device and the receiving unit in the network device can be a transceiver 1730, and the communication device 1700 can also include a processor 1710 and a memory 1720, as shown in Figure 17.

[0278] Figure 17 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. The dashed lines in Figure 17 indicate that the unit or module is optional. Apparatus 1700 may be used to implement the method described in the above method embodiment. Apparatus 1700 may be a chip, a terminal device, or a network device.

[0279] The device 1700 may include one or more processors 1710. The processor 1710 may support the device 1700 to implement the method described in the above method embodiment. The processor 1710 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor. For example, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU). Alternatively, the processor may be another general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.

[0280] The apparatus 1700 may further include one or more memories 1720. The memories 1720 store programs that can be executed by the processor 1710, causing the processor 1710 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. The memories 1720 may be independent of the processor 1710 or integrated into the processor 1710.

[0281] The apparatus 1700 may further include a transceiver 1730. The processor 1710 may communicate with other devices or chips via the transceiver 1730. For example, the processor 1710 may transmit and receive data with other devices or chips via the transceiver 1730.

[0282] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a program. The computer-readable storage medium can be applied to a terminal or network device provided in the present application, and the program enables a computer to execute the method performed by the terminal or network device in each embodiment of the present application.

[0283] The present application also provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a program. The computer program product can be applied to a terminal or network device provided in the present application, and the program causes a computer to execute the method performed by the terminal or network device in each embodiment of the present application.

[0284] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program. The computer program can be applied to the terminal or network device provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program enables a computer to execute the method performed by the terminal or network device in each embodiment of the present application.

[0285] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" in this application can be used interchangeably. In addition, the terms used in this application are only used to explain the specific embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. The terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0286] In the embodiments of this application, the term "indication" may refer to a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication of an association. For example, "A indicates B" may refer to a direct indication of B, e.g., B can obtain information through A; it may refer to an indirect indication of B, e.g., A indicates C, e.g., B can obtain information through C; or it may refer to an association between A and B.

[0287] In the embodiment of the present application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A and B can be determined based on A. However, it should be understood that determining B based on A does not mean determining B based solely on A, but B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0288] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" may indicate a direct or indirect correspondence between the two, or an association relationship between the two, or a relationship between indication and indication, configuration and configuration, etc.

[0289] In the embodiments of the present application, "pre-definition" or "pre-configuration" may be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in a device (e.g., a terminal device and a network device). The present application does not limit the specific implementation method. For example, pre-definition may refer to information defined in a protocol.

[0290] In the embodiments of the present application, the “protocol” may refer to a standard protocol in the communications field, for example, it may include an LTE protocol, an NR protocol, and related protocols used in future communication systems, and the present application does not limit this.

[0291] In the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0292] In the embodiments of this application, the term "include" can refer to direct inclusion or indirect inclusion. Alternatively, the term "include" in the embodiments of this application can be replaced with "indicates" or "is used to determine." For example, "A includes B" can be replaced with "A indicates B" or "A is used to determine B."

[0293] In various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0294] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0295] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0296] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0297] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be read by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a digital versatile disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state disk (SSD)).

[0298] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A wireless communication method, characterized in that: include: The terminal device repeatedly transmits the first physical channel based on the first orthogonal code.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first physical channel is a narrowband physical uplink shared channel NPUSCH.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The first physical channel occupies a first resource, the first resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, the first resource includes multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups, different time slots in the multiple time slots are used to transmit the same data in the first physical channel, or different time slot groups in the multiple time slot groups are used to transmit the same data in the first physical channel.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups have different time domain positions.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The time domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are continuous.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that The frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are the same.

7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups have different frequency domain positions.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are continuous.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that The time domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are the same.

10. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that Different time slots in each of the time slot groups are used to transmit different data in the first physical channel.

11. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that The number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions configured by the network device, or the number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions configured by the network device and the length of the first orthogonal code.

12. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that The first orthogonal code includes a first coefficient, and the first resource carries the product of data used for transmission by the first resource and the first coefficient.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first physical channel is a narrowband physical random access channel NPRACH.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The first physical channel occupies a second resource, the second resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, and the second resource includes multiple time domain units in a symbol group.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The multiple time domain units include multiple symbols excluding a cyclic prefix CP in one symbol group.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The plurality of symbols include all symbols in one symbol group except for CP.

17. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that: The format of the first physical channel is format 0, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 5 consecutive symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 5 consecutive symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 3 consecutive symbols.

18. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The multiple time domain units include a CP and one or more symbols in one symbol group, or the multiple time domain units include multiple symbols.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The multiple time domain units include a CP and all symbols in a symbol group.

20. The method according to claim 18, wherein In the case where the multiple time domain units include one or more symbols and a CP: The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and a first symbol; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and the first two symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and 5 symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and a first symbol; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple time domain units include CP and 3 symbols.

21. The method according to claim 18 or 20, characterized in that In the case where the plurality of time domain units include a plurality of symbols: The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple symbols include two consecutive symbols or three consecutive symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple symbols include two consecutive symbols.

22. The method according to claim 13, wherein The first physical channel occupies a third resource, the third resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, and the third resource includes multiple symbol groups.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that Some or all of the multiple symbol groups have different time domain positions.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein The time domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

25. The method according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that Some or all of the multiple symbol groups have different frequency domain positions.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that Frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

27. The method according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that The frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are the same.

28. The method according to claim 22, wherein Some or all of the multiple symbol groups have the same time domain positions.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that Frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

30. The method according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that Different symbol groups among the plurality of symbol groups are used to transmit the same content in the first physical channel.

31. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 30, characterized in that The resources occupied by one transmission of the first physical channel include one or more third resources.

32. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 31, characterized in that The random access radio network temporary identifier RA-RNTI of the terminal device is determined based on the index of the first orthogonal code.

33. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first physical channel occupies a fourth resource, the fourth resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, the fourth resource includes multiple resource units, and each resource unit in the multiple resource units is used for one transmission of the first physical channel.

34. The method according to claim 33, wherein The multiple resource units include a first resource unit and a second resource unit that are continuous in the time domain, and sub-resource units with the same index modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit have the same frequency domain position.

35. The method according to claim 34, wherein The first physical channel is NPRACH, and the frequency domain positions of symbol groups with the same index modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit are the same.

36. The method according to claim 33, wherein The frequency domain positions of the sub-resource units with the same index modulus value in the third resource unit and the second resource unit are different, wherein the third resource unit and the second resource unit are continuous in the time domain, and the third resource unit and the second resource unit belong to different fourth resources.

37. The method according to claim 36, wherein The first physical channel is NPRACH, and the frequency domain positions of symbol groups with the same index modulus value in the second resource unit and the third resource unit are different.

38. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 37, characterized in that The first orthogonal code includes a second coefficient, and the resources occupied by the first physical channel carry the product of the content used for transmission by the first physical channel and the second coefficient.

39. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that Before the terminal device repeatedly sends the first physical channel, the method further includes: The terminal device receives first information, where the first information is used to indicate the first orthogonal code.

40. The method according to claim 39, wherein The first information includes one or more of the following information: the length of the first orthogonal code; The index of the first orthogonal code.

41. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 38, characterized in that The method further comprises: The terminal device determines the first orthogonal code from a plurality of orthogonal codes configured by a network device or a plurality of predefined orthogonal codes.

42. A wireless communication method, characterized in that: include: The network device receives the first physical channel repeatedly transmitted by the terminal device based on the first orthogonal code.

43. The method according to claim 42, characterized in that The first physical channel is a narrowband physical uplink shared channel NPUSCH.

44. The method according to claim 43, wherein The first physical channel occupies a first resource, the first resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, the first resource includes multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups, different time slots in the multiple time slots are used to transmit the same data in the first physical channel, or different time slot groups in the multiple time slot groups are used to transmit the same data in the first physical channel.

45. The method according to claim 44, wherein The multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups have different time domain positions.

46. The method according to claim 45, characterized in that The time domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are continuous.

47. The method according to claim 45 or 46, characterized in that The frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are the same.

48. The method according to claim 44, wherein The multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups have different frequency domain positions.

49. The method according to claim 48, characterized in that The frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are continuous.

50. The method according to claim 48 or 49, characterized in that The time domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are the same.

51. The method according to any one of claims 44 to 50, characterized in that Different time slots in each of the time slot groups are used to transmit different data in the first physical channel.

52. The method according to any one of claims 43 to 50, characterized in that The number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions configured by the network device, or the number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions configured by the network device and the length of the first orthogonal code.

53. The method according to any one of claims 43 to 52, characterized in that The first orthogonal code includes a first coefficient, and the first resource carries the product of data used for transmission by the first resource and the first coefficient.

54. The method according to claim 42, wherein The first physical channel is a narrowband physical random access channel NPRACH.

55. The method according to claim 54, characterized in that The first physical channel occupies a second resource, the second resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, and the second resource includes multiple time domain units in a symbol group.

56. The method according to claim 55, characterized in that The multiple time domain units include multiple symbols excluding a cyclic prefix CP in one symbol group.

57. The method according to claim 56, characterized in that The plurality of symbols include all symbols in one symbol group except for CP.

58. The method according to claim 56, wherein: The format of the first physical channel is format 0, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 5 consecutive symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 5 consecutive symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 3 consecutive symbols.

59. The method according to claim 55, characterized in that The multiple time domain units include a CP and one or more symbols in one symbol group, or the multiple time domain units include multiple symbols.

60. The method according to claim 59, wherein The multiple time domain units include a CP and all symbols in a symbol group.

61. The method according to claim 59, wherein In the case where the multiple time domain units include one or more symbols and a CP: The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and a first symbol; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and the first two symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and 5 symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and a first symbol; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple time domain units include CP and 3 symbols.

62. The method according to claim 59 or 61, characterized in that In the case where the plurality of time domain units include a plurality of symbols: The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple symbols include two consecutive symbols or three consecutive symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple symbols include two consecutive symbols.

63. The method according to claim 54, wherein The first physical channel occupies a third resource, the third resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, and the third resource includes multiple symbol groups.

64. The method according to claim 63, wherein Some or all of the multiple symbol groups have different time domain positions.

65. The method according to claim 64, characterized in that The time domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

66. The method according to claim 64 or 65, characterized in that Some or all of the multiple symbol groups have different frequency domain positions.

67. The method according to claim 66, characterized in that Frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

68. The method according to claim 64 or 65, characterized in that The frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are the same.

69. The method according to claim 63, wherein Some or all of the multiple symbol groups have the same time domain positions.

70. The method according to claim 69, wherein Frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

71. The method according to claim 69 or 70, characterized in that Different symbol groups among the plurality of symbol groups are used to transmit the same content in the first physical channel.

72. The method according to any one of claims 63 to 71, characterized in that The resources occupied by one transmission of the first physical channel include one or more third resources.

73. The method according to any one of claims 54 to 72, characterized in that The random access radio network temporary identifier RA-RNTI of the terminal device is determined based on the index of the first orthogonal code.

74. The method according to claim 42, wherein The first physical channel occupies a fourth resource, the fourth resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, the fourth resource includes multiple resource units, and each resource unit in the multiple resource units is used for one transmission of the first physical channel.

75. The method according to claim 74, wherein The multiple resource units include a first resource unit and a second resource unit that are continuous in the time domain, and sub-resource units with the same index modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit have the same frequency domain position.

76. The method according to claim 75, characterized in that The first physical channel is NPRACH, and the frequency domain positions of symbol groups with the same index modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit are the same.

77. The method according to claim 74, characterized in that The frequency domain positions of the sub-resource units with the same index modulus value in the third resource unit and the second resource unit are different, wherein the third resource unit and the second resource unit are continuous in the time domain, and the third resource unit and the second resource unit belong to different fourth resources.

78. The method according to claim 77, characterized in that The first physical channel is NPRACH, and the frequency domain positions of symbol groups with the same index modulus value in the second resource unit and the third resource unit are different.

79. The method according to any one of claims 54 to 78, characterized in that The first orthogonal code includes a second coefficient, and the resources occupied by the first physical channel carry the product of the content used for transmission by the first physical channel and the second coefficient.

80. The method according to any one of claims 42 to 53, characterized in that Before the network device receives the first physical channel repeatedly transmitted by the terminal device based on the first orthogonal code, the method further includes: The network device sends first information to the terminal device, where the first information is used to indicate the first orthogonal code.

81. The method according to claim 80, characterized in that The first information includes one or more of the following information: the length of the first orthogonal code; The index of the first orthogonal code.

82. A terminal device, characterized in that: include: A transmission unit is configured to repeatedly transmit a first physical channel based on a first orthogonal code.

83. The apparatus according to claim 82, wherein The first physical channel is a narrowband physical uplink shared channel NPUSCH.

84. The apparatus according to claim 83, wherein The first physical channel occupies a first resource, the first resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, the first resource includes multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups, different time slots in the multiple time slots are used to transmit the same data in the first physical channel, or different time slot groups in the multiple time slot groups are used to transmit the same data in the first physical channel.

85. The apparatus according to claim 84, wherein The multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups have different time domain positions.

86. The apparatus according to claim 85, wherein The time domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are continuous.

87. The apparatus according to claim 85 or 86, characterized in that The frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are the same.

88. The apparatus according to claim 84, wherein The multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups have different frequency domain positions.

89. The apparatus according to claim 88, wherein The frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are continuous.

90. The apparatus according to claim 88 or 89, characterized in that The time domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are the same.

91. The apparatus according to any one of claims 84 to 90, characterized in that Different time slots in each of the time slot groups are used to transmit different data in the first physical channel.

92. The apparatus according to any one of claims 83 to 90, characterized in that The number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions configured by the network device, or the number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions configured by the network device and the length of the first orthogonal code.

93. The apparatus according to any one of claims 83 to 92, characterized in that The first orthogonal code includes a first coefficient, and the first resource carries the product of data used for transmission by the first resource and the first coefficient.

94. The apparatus according to claim 82, wherein The first physical channel is a narrowband physical random access channel NPRACH.

95. The apparatus according to claim 94, wherein The first physical channel occupies a second resource, the second resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, and the second resource includes multiple time domain units in a symbol group.

96. The apparatus according to claim 95, wherein The multiple time domain units include multiple symbols excluding a cyclic prefix CP in one symbol group.

97. The apparatus according to claim 96, wherein The plurality of symbols include all symbols in one symbol group except for CP.

98. The apparatus according to claim 96, wherein: The format of the first physical channel is format 0, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 5 consecutive symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 5 consecutive symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 3 consecutive symbols.

99. The apparatus according to claim 95, wherein The multiple time domain units include a CP and one or more symbols in one symbol group, or the multiple time domain units include multiple symbols.

100. The apparatus according to claim 99, wherein The multiple time domain units include a CP and all symbols in a symbol group.

101. The apparatus according to claim 99, wherein In the case where the multiple time domain units include one or more symbols and a CP: The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and a first symbol; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and the first two symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and 5 symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and a first symbol; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple time domain units include CP and 3 symbols.

102. The apparatus according to claim 99 or 101, wherein: In the case where the plurality of time domain units include a plurality of symbols: The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple symbols include two consecutive symbols or three consecutive symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple symbols include two consecutive symbols.

103. The apparatus according to claim 94, wherein The first physical channel occupies a third resource, the third resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, and the third resource includes multiple symbol groups.

104. The device according to claim 103, characterized in that Some or all of the multiple symbol groups have different time domain positions.

105. The apparatus according to claim 104, wherein The time domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

106. The apparatus according to claim 104 or 105, characterized in that Some or all of the multiple symbol groups have different frequency domain positions.

107. The device according to claim 106, characterized in that Frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

108. The apparatus according to claim 104 or 105, characterized in that The frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are the same.

109. The apparatus according to claim 103, wherein Some or all of the multiple symbol groups have the same time domain positions.

110. The apparatus according to claim 109, wherein Frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

111. The apparatus according to claim 109 or 110, characterized in that Different symbol groups among the plurality of symbol groups are used to transmit the same content in the first physical channel.

112. The apparatus according to any one of claims 103 to 111, characterized in that The resources occupied by one transmission of the first physical channel include one or more third resources.

113. The apparatus according to any one of claims 94 to 112, characterized in that The random access radio network temporary identifier RA-RNTI of the terminal device is determined based on the index of the first orthogonal code.

114. The apparatus according to claim 82, wherein The first physical channel occupies a fourth resource, the fourth resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, the fourth resource includes multiple resource units, and each resource unit in the multiple resource units is used for one transmission of the first physical channel.

115. The apparatus according to claim 114, wherein The multiple resource units include a first resource unit and a second resource unit that are continuous in the time domain, and sub-resource units with the same index modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit have the same frequency domain position.

116. The apparatus according to claim 115, wherein The first physical channel is NPRACH, and the frequency domain positions of symbol groups with the same index modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit are the same.

117. The apparatus according to claim 114, wherein The frequency domain positions of the sub-resource units with the same index modulus value in the third resource unit and the second resource unit are different, wherein the third resource unit and the second resource unit are continuous in the time domain, and the third resource unit and the second resource unit belong to different fourth resources.

118. The device according to claim 117, characterized in that The first physical channel is NPRACH, and the frequency domain positions of symbol groups with the same index modulus value in the second resource unit and the third resource unit are different.

119. The apparatus according to any one of claims 94 to 118, characterized in that The first orthogonal code includes a second coefficient, and the resources occupied by the first physical channel carry the product of the content used for transmission by the first physical channel and the second coefficient.

120. The apparatus according to any one of claims 82 to 93, characterized in that Before the terminal device repeatedly sends the first physical channel, the device further includes: The receiving unit is configured to receive first information, where the first information is used to indicate the first orthogonal code.

121. The device according to claim 120, characterized in that The first information includes one or more of the following information: the length of the first orthogonal code; The index of the first orthogonal code.

122. The apparatus according to any one of claims 94 to 119, characterized in that The device further comprises: The determining unit is configured to determine the first orthogonal code from a plurality of orthogonal codes configured by the network device or a plurality of predefined orthogonal codes.

123. A network device, characterized in that include: A receiving unit is used to receive a first physical channel repeatedly transmitted by a terminal device based on a first orthogonal code.

124. The device according to claim 123, characterized in that The first physical channel is a narrowband physical uplink shared channel NPUSCH.

125. The apparatus according to claim 124, wherein The first physical channel occupies a first resource, the first resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, the first resource includes multiple time slots or multiple time slot groups, different time slots in the multiple time slots are used to transmit the same data in the first physical channel, or different time slot groups in the multiple time slot groups are used to transmit the same data in the first physical channel.

126. The apparatus according to claim 125, wherein The multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups have different time domain positions.

127. The apparatus according to claim 126, wherein The time domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are continuous.

128. The apparatus according to claim 126 or 127, characterized in that The frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are the same.

129. The apparatus according to claim 125, wherein The multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups have different frequency domain positions.

130. The apparatus according to claim 129, wherein The frequency domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are continuous.

131. The apparatus according to claim 129 or 130, characterized in that The time domain positions of the multiple time slots or the multiple time slot groups are the same.

132. The apparatus according to any one of claims 125 to 131, characterized in that Different time slots in each of the time slot groups are used to transmit different data in the first physical channel.

133. The apparatus according to any one of claims 124 to 131, characterized in that The number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions configured by the network device, or the number of repeated transmissions of the first physical channel is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions configured by the network device and the length of the first orthogonal code.

134. The apparatus according to any one of claims 124 to 133, characterized in that The first orthogonal code includes a first coefficient, and the first resource carries the product of data used for transmission by the first resource and the first coefficient.

135. The apparatus according to claim 123, wherein The first physical channel is a narrowband physical random access channel NPRACH.

136. The apparatus according to claim 135, wherein The first physical channel occupies a second resource, the second resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, and the second resource includes multiple time domain units in a symbol group.

137. The apparatus according to claim 136, wherein The multiple time domain units include multiple symbols excluding a cyclic prefix CP in one symbol group.

138. The apparatus according to claim 137, wherein The plurality of symbols include all symbols in one symbol group except for CP.

139. The apparatus according to claim 137, characterized in that: The format of the first physical channel is format 0, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 5 consecutive symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 5 consecutive symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple symbols include 2 consecutive symbols or 3 consecutive symbols.

140. The apparatus according to claim 136, wherein The multiple time domain units include a CP and one or more symbols in one symbol group, or the multiple time domain units include multiple symbols.

141. The apparatus according to claim 140, wherein The multiple time domain units include a CP and all symbols in a symbol group.

142. The apparatus according to claim 140, wherein In the case where the multiple time domain units include one or more symbols and a CP: The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and a first symbol; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and the first two symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and 5 symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple time domain units include a CP and a first symbol; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple time domain units include CP and 3 symbols.

143. The apparatus according to claim 140 or 142, characterized in that In the case where the plurality of time domain units include a plurality of symbols: The format of the first physical channel is format 1, and the multiple symbols include two consecutive symbols or three consecutive symbols; or, The format of the first physical channel is format 2, and the multiple symbols include two consecutive symbols.

144. The apparatus according to claim 135, wherein The first physical channel occupies a third resource, the third resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, and the third resource includes multiple symbol groups.

145. The apparatus according to claim 144, wherein Some or all of the multiple symbol groups have different time domain positions.

146. The apparatus according to claim 145, wherein The time domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

147. The apparatus according to claim 145 or 146, characterized in that Some or all of the multiple symbol groups have different frequency domain positions.

148. The apparatus according to claim 147, wherein Frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

149. The apparatus according to claim 145 or 146, characterized in that The frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are the same.

150. The apparatus according to claim 144, wherein Some or all of the multiple symbol groups have the same time domain positions.

151. The apparatus according to claim 150, wherein Frequency domain positions of some or all of the multiple symbol groups are continuous.

152. The apparatus according to claim 150 or 151, characterized in that Different symbol groups among the plurality of symbol groups are used to transmit the same content in the first physical channel.

153. The apparatus according to any one of claims 144 to 152, characterized in that The resources occupied by one transmission of the first physical channel include one or more third resources.

154. The apparatus according to any one of claims 135 to 153, characterized in that The random access radio network temporary identifier RA-RNTI of the terminal device is determined based on the index of the first orthogonal code.

155. The apparatus according to claim 123, wherein The first physical channel occupies a fourth resource, the fourth resource corresponds to the length of the first orthogonal code, the fourth resource includes multiple resource units, and each resource unit in the multiple resource units is used for one transmission of the first physical channel.

156. The apparatus according to claim 155, wherein The multiple resource units include a first resource unit and a second resource unit that are continuous in the time domain, and sub-resource units with the same index modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit have the same frequency domain position.

157. The apparatus according to claim 156, wherein The first physical channel is NPRACH, and the frequency domain positions of symbol groups with the same index modulus value in the first resource unit and the second resource unit are the same.

158. The apparatus according to claim 156, wherein The frequency domain positions of the sub-resource units with the same index modulus value in the third resource unit and the second resource unit are different, wherein the third resource unit and the second resource unit are continuous in the time domain, and the third resource unit and the second resource unit belong to different fourth resources.

159. The apparatus according to claim 158, wherein The first physical channel is NPRACH, and the frequency domain positions of symbol groups with the same index modulus value in the second resource unit and the third resource unit are different.

160. The apparatus according to any one of claims 135 to 159, characterized in that The first orthogonal code includes a second coefficient, and the resources occupied by the first physical channel carry the product of the content used for transmission by the first physical channel and the second coefficient.

161. The apparatus according to any one of claims 123 to 134, characterized in that Before the network device receives the first physical channel repeatedly transmitted by the terminal device based on the first orthogonal code, the device further includes: A sending unit is used to send first information to the terminal device, where the first information is used to indicate the first orthogonal code.

162. The apparatus according to claim 161, wherein The first information includes one or more of the following information: The length of the first orthogonal code; The index of the first orthogonal code.

163. A terminal device, characterized in that: The system comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a program, and the processor is used to call the program in the memory to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 41.

164. A network device, characterized in that It comprises a memory and a processor, the memory is used to store a program, and the processor is used to call the program in the memory to execute the method as claimed in any one of claims 42 to 81.

165. A device, characterized in that comprising a processor for calling a program from a memory to execute the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 41 or 42 to 81.

166. A chip, characterized in that: It comprises a processor for calling a program from a memory so that a device equipped with the chip executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 41 or 42 to 81.

167. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that A program is stored thereon, the program causing a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 41 or 42 to 81.

168. A computer program product, characterized in that A program is included, which causes a computer to execute the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 41 or 42 to 81.

169. A computer program, characterized in that The computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 1 to 41 or 42 to 81.

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