Data transceiving method and apparatus

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a data transceiving method and apparatus. The method comprises: a terminal device monitors a first signal at a first frequency, the first signal at least being used for timing and / or time synchronization of the terminal device; and the terminal device receives first information at the first frequency, the first information being used for instructing the terminal device to send second information at a second frequency and / or to receive third information at the first frequency, and the second information being a signal formed by the terminal device by means of backscattering a first waveform or being a signal bearer autonomously generated by the terminal device.

Description

Data sending and receiving method and device Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies. Background Art

[0002] From the 2G era to the early days of 4G, cellular mobile communication systems primarily served mobile phones—mobile terminal devices held by people. With the rapid development of mobile internet and the Internet of Things (IoT), the technological evolution of cellular mobile communication systems, starting in the late 4G era and continuing to this day, has considered and supported an increasingly diverse range of IoT application scenarios. Consequently, a wider variety of IoT device types have been supported and implemented in actual network deployments and service applications, including eMTC, NB-IoT, and RedCap. With this increasing diversity of IoT terminal devices, cellular mobile systems have increasingly enhanced their capabilities for providing services tailored to vertical industries.

[0003] It should be noted that the above introduction to the technical background is merely intended to provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of this application and facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. Simply because these solutions are described in the background technology section of this application, it should not be assumed that the above technical solutions are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The inventors discovered that among the vast number of IoT devices, cellular mobile communication systems still lack a large number of lower-cost IoT terminal devices. To provide more robust, reliable, and complete IoT application solutions, supporting lower-cost IoT terminal devices within the 3GPP cellular mobile system has become a pressing issue.

[0006] To address at least one of the above problems, embodiments of the present application provide a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving data.

[0007] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a data sending and receiving method is provided, including:

[0008] The terminal device monitors a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal is used at least for timing and / or time synchronization of the terminal device;

[0009] The terminal device receives first information at the first frequency, and the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at the second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, and the second information is carried by the signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering the first waveform or the signal generated autonomously by the terminal device.

[0010] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a data transceiver device is provided, including:

[0011] a receiving unit configured to monitor a first signal at a first frequency, wherein the first signal is used at least for timing and / or time synchronization of a terminal device;

[0012] The receiving unit receives first information at the first frequency, and the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at the second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, and the second information is carried by the signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering the first waveform or the signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.

[0013] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a data sending and receiving method is provided, including:

[0014] The network device sends a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal is used at least for timing and / or time synchronization of the terminal device;

[0015] The network device sends first information at the first frequency, and the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at the second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, and the second information is carried by the signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering the first waveform or the signal generated autonomously by the terminal device.

[0016] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a data transceiver device is provided, including:

[0017] A sending unit, configured to send a first signal at a first frequency, wherein the first signal is at least used for timing and / or time synchronization of a terminal device;

[0018] The sending unit sends first information at the first frequency, and the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at the second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, and the second information is carried by the signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering the first waveform or the signal generated autonomously by the terminal device.

[0019] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a communication system is provided, including:

[0020] A network device, which sends a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal is used at least for timing and / or time synchronization of a terminal device; sends first information at the first frequency, where the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at a second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, where the second information is carried by a signal formed by backscattering a first waveform by the terminal device or a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device;

[0021] A terminal device receives the first signal at the first frequency and receives the first information at the first frequency.

[0022] One of the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application is that a terminal device monitors a first signal at a first frequency and receives first information, and transmits second information and / or receives third information based on the first information from a network device. This enables accurate and reliable data transmission and reception between a low-cost device and a network device, effectively reducing the complexity and cost of the terminal device.

[0023] With reference to the following description and accompanying drawings, specific embodiments of the present application are disclosed in detail, indicating the manner in which the principles of the present application can be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not limited in scope. Within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, the embodiments of the present application include many variations, modifications and equivalents.

[0024] Features described and / or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, combined with features in other embodiments, or substituted for features in other embodiments.

[0025] It should be emphasized that the term "include / comprising" when used herein refers to the presence of features, integers, steps or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The elements and features described in one figure or one embodiment of the present application can be combined with the elements and features shown in one or more other figures or embodiments. In addition, in the accompanying drawings, similar reference numerals represent corresponding parts in several figures and can be used to indicate corresponding parts used in more than one embodiment.

[0027] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG2 is another schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG3 is another schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a data sending and receiving method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG5 is an example diagram of a first signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG6 is an example diagram of a first signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG7 is an example diagram of sub-signals and time units according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG8 is another example diagram of sub-signals and time units according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG9 is another example diagram of sub-signals and time units according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG10 is another example diagram of sub-signals and time units according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG11 is an example diagram of sub-signals and accurate time ranges according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG12 is an example diagram of sub-signals and accurate time ranges according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG13 is an exemplary diagram of at least two sub-signals according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG14 is an example diagram of a target sub-signal and first information according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG15 is an example diagram of a target sub-signal and first information according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG16 is an example diagram of sending second information according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG17 is an example diagram of receiving third information according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG18 is an example diagram of sending second information according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG19 is an example diagram of receiving third information according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG20 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG21 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG22 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG23 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG24 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG25 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG26 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG27 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG28 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG29 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG30 is a schematic diagram of a data transceiver method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG31 is a schematic diagram of a data transceiver device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG32 is a schematic diagram of a data transceiver device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG33 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The above and other features of the present application will become apparent through the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description and the accompanying drawings, specific embodiments of the present application are disclosed in detail, which illustrate some embodiments in which the principles of the present application can be adopted. It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the described embodiments. On the contrary, the present application includes all modifications, variations and equivalents that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0062] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish different elements from the name, but do not indicate the spatial arrangement or temporal order of these elements, and these elements should not be limited by these terms. The term "and / or" includes any one and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed terms. The terms "comprising", "including", "having", etc. refer to the presence of the stated features, elements, components or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components or components.

[0063] In the embodiments of this application, the singular forms "a," "the," etc. include plural forms and should be broadly understood to mean "a" or "a type" rather than being limited to "one." Furthermore, the term "said" should be understood to include both singular and plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, the term "according to" should be understood to mean "at least in part based on...", and the term "based on" should be understood to mean "at least in part based on...", unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0064] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "communication network" or "wireless communication network" may refer to a network that complies with any of the following communication standards, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), enhanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A, LTE-Advanced), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), etc.

[0065] Furthermore, communication between devices in the communication system may be carried out according to communication protocols of any stage, for example, including but not limited to the following communication protocols: 1G (generation), 2G, 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G, 4G, 4.5G and 5G, New Radio (NR), future 6G, etc., and / or other communication protocols currently known or to be developed in the future.

[0066] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "network device" refers to, for example, a device in a communication system that connects a terminal device to the communication network and provides services to the terminal device. Network devices may include, but are not limited to, the following devices: base station (BS), access point (AP), transmission reception point (TRP), broadcast transmitter, mobile management entity (MME), gateway, server, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), etc.

[0067] Among them, base stations may include but are not limited to: NodeB (NodeB or NB), evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) and 5G base station (gNB), IAB host (Donor), etc., and may also include remote radio head (RRH, Remote Radio Head), remote radio unit (RRU, Remote Radio Unit), relay (relay) or low-power node (such as femeto, pico, etc.). The term "base station" may include some or all of their functions. Each base station can provide communication coverage for a specific geographical area. The term "cell" can refer to a base station and / or its coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

[0068] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "user equipment" (UE) or "terminal equipment" (TE) refers to, for example, a device that accesses a communication network through a network device and receives network services. A terminal device can be fixed or mobile and may also be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a terminal, a subscriber station (SS), an access terminal (AT), a tag, and so on.

[0069] Among them, terminal devices may include but are not limited to the following devices: cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wireless modems, wireless communication devices, handheld devices, machine-type communication devices, laptop computers, cordless phones, smart phones, smart watches, digital cameras, tags, and devices attached to or related to items (for example, for item management), etc.

[0070] For another example, in scenarios such as the Internet of Things (IoT), terminal devices can also be machines or devices for monitoring or measurement, such as but not limited to: machine type communication (MTC) terminals, vehicle-mounted communication terminals, device-to-device (D2D) terminals, machine-to-machine (M2M) terminals, ambient IoT (AIoT) devices, etc.

[0071] In addition, the term "network side" or "network device side" refers to one side of the network, which can be a base station or one or more network devices as described above. The term "user side" or "terminal side" or "terminal device side" refers to the user or terminal side, which can be a UE or one or more terminal devices as described above. Unless otherwise specified herein, "device" can refer to either network equipment or terminal equipment.

[0072] RFID systems are a solution for the massive and cost-effective deployment of IoT devices. They are widely used. Their advantages include low tag costs and affordability. RFID tags are small, limiting the size and material of the items they can be used on, making them suitable for various scenarios such as item management and tracking. Despite their low tag costs, the deployment and operating costs of RFID systems are higher than those of wide-area commercial networks. Deployment is typically localized, using dedicated networks, making it difficult to effectively distribute deployment costs. Regarding usage, if manual handheld tag readers are used, labor costs can become a major expense and are difficult to reduce. Using dedicated RFID ports or gateways to read and manage tags significantly increases deployment costs. Furthermore, RFID systems have a simple logical architecture and loose radio resource management, making it difficult to effectively manage interference from radio wave transmissions. Consequently, RFID systems generally have low system capacity and spectrum efficiency.

[0073] Compared to existing RFID systems, leveraging existing commercial mobile communication cellular networks (such as LTE and 5G NR systems) to support industry applications requiring tag-based IoT devices can significantly reduce deployment costs, thereby lowering the barrier to entry for deploying these IoT devices. Furthermore, existing commercial mobile communication cellular networks (such as LTE and 5G NR systems) offer significantly higher network security and wireless resource management effectiveness than existing RFID systems.

[0074] Taking 5G systems as an example, they provide reliable authentication, network coordination, and accurate and stable terminal device management mechanisms. These systems can safely and effectively reduce labor costs, thereby lowering the cost of using this type of IoT. They can also optimize the network to increase system capacity and spectrum efficiency. These reductions in deployment and operating costs will effectively promote the application of these IoT devices in business management and industrial manufacturing, accelerating the digitalization of these industries, improving production efficiency, and ultimately promoting social development.

[0075] As a new type of IoT terminal in the 5G system, tag-type terminal devices (Ambient IoT devices, referred to as AIoT devices) are severely limited in cost. The hardware capabilities of the devices are significantly weaker than those of ordinary smartphones and other IoT-type devices supported by existing cellular mobile communication systems. For example, tag-type terminal devices may not have a stable power supply (for example, using ambient energy collection instead of conventional batteries), have a narrow bandwidth, and the internal crystal oscillator has limited accuracy and large errors due to cost constraints, as well as limited signal processing capabilities. This means that AIoT-type terminal devices are different from traditional terminal devices that have previously worked in LTE and / or 5G NR systems. AIoT-type terminal devices cannot maintain synchronization with network devices for a long time (unstable power supply, limited computing and storage capabilities), and the speed of losing synchronization after achieving synchronization is also faster than other traditional terminal devices (larger crystal oscillator errors).

[0076] RFID systems are asynchronous. They have a wide tolerance for terminal synchronization errors, but also inefficient spectrum utilization. Only one tag can communicate with the reader at a time. When a tag takes a long time to process complex instructions (such as authentication), the reader (and other tags requesting communication) must wait for the tag to complete the processing before responding and terminating the communication.

[0077] Initial deployment of Ambient IoT systems will utilize carrier frequency bands, potentially in three categories: in-band, out-of-band, and guard-band deployments within 5G NR or LTE systems. Given the scarcity of spectrum resources, reusing RFID systems for communication could lead to reduced efficiency and increased spectrum costs in commercial spectrum utilization. Mandatory increases in hardware requirements for Ambient IoT devices could increase device purchase costs, reduce the cost-effectiveness of Ambient IoT devices, and impact the market competitiveness of Ambient IoT systems. Cost is a key factor in the commercial success of Ambient IoT systems in real-world applications.

[0078] Therefore, a synchronization mechanism suitable for Ambient IoT devices is needed. This mechanism enables these devices to receive information from network devices with accurate timing and transmit uplink signals / information at the time and / or frequency domain resource locations specified by the network devices. This mechanism should ensure efficient use of commercial spectrum for the entire Ambient IoT system while maintaining the same hardware requirements for Ambient IoT devices as traditional RFID tags. Designing such a synchronization mechanism for Ambient IoT devices is a key issue in 5G NR system support for Ambient IoT devices.

[0079] The following describes the scenarios of the embodiments of the present application through examples, but the present application is not limited thereto.

[0080] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 is another schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 3 is yet another schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. Figures 1 to 3 schematically illustrate a situation using a terminal device and a network device as an example.

[0081] As shown in Figure 1, network devices can communicate directly with AIoT devices, directly sending signals to AIoT devices or directly receiving signals from AIoT devices; as shown in Figure 2, network devices can also go through an intermediate node and use the intermediate node to send signals to AIoT devices or use the intermediate node to receive signals from AIoT devices; as shown in Figure 3, network devices can also send signals to AIoT devices or receive signals from AIoT devices with the assistance of an assisting node.

[0082] The intermediate node can be a terminal device, a UE, or a network node, such as a relay, an IAB node, a repeater, etc., but the present application is not limited thereto. The intermediate node has the function of communicating with the network device in Figure 2, and also has at least the ability to send signals to and / or receive signals from AIoT devices. The auxiliary node can be a terminal device, a UE, or a network node, such as a relay, an IAB node, a repeater, etc., but the present application is not limited thereto. The auxiliary node has the function of communicating with the network device in Figure 3, and also has at least the ability to send signals to and / or receive signals from AIoT devices. The signals sent to and from AIoT devices mentioned here comply with the provisions and descriptions of AIoT devices in the communication standard protocol.

[0083] In the embodiments of the present application, a network device may send signals / information / configurations to an AIoT device, or an AIoT device may receive signals / information / configurations from a network device. This may be done directly by the network device and received by the AIoT device, or by the network device via an intermediate node and received by the AIoT device, or by the network device with the help of an auxiliary node and received by the AIoT device, or by the network device using other methods and received by the AIoT device. Unless otherwise specified, this application is not limited to this.

[0084] In the embodiments of the present application, when an AIoT device sends a signal / information to a network device, or when a network device receives a signal / information from an AIoT device, the AIoT device may send the signal and the network device may receive it directly, or the AIoT device may send the signal and the network device may receive it via an intermediate node, or the AIoT device may send the signal and the network device may receive it with the help of an auxiliary node, or the AIoT device may send the signal and the network device may receive it through other methods. Unless otherwise specified, the present application is not limited to this.

[0085] Embodiments of the first aspect

[0086] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for sending and receiving data, which is described from the perspective of a terminal device.

[0087] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission and reception method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG4 , the method includes:

[0088] 401. A terminal device monitors a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal is used at least for timing and / or time synchronization of the terminal device.

[0089] 402. The terminal device receives first information at the first frequency, where the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at the second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, where the second information is carried by a signal formed by backscattering the first waveform or a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.

[0090] It is worth noting that FIG4 above is merely a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. For example, the execution order of the various operations may be appropriately adjusted, and other operations may be added or some operations may be reduced. Those skilled in the art may make appropriate modifications based on the above description, and are not limited to the description of FIG4 above.

[0091] In the LTE system and / or the 5G NR system, before a traditional terminal device establishes a connection (RRC connection) with a network device, it obtains the system frame index (Frame index) and the subframe index / time slot index, etc. through the synchronization signal (SS) and / or synchronization signal block (SSB). After the traditional terminal device establishes a connection (RRC connection) with the network device, it always maintains synchronization with the network device until the connection is interrupted or the connection is released by the network device. Therefore, from the beginning of the connection establishment, the network device and the terminal device have a consistent understanding of where a time unit is (such as a frame, subframe, time slot, symbol, etc.) and the start and end positions of the time unit. When the network device schedules the uplink transmission of the terminal device and / or instructs the terminal device to downlink receive, the time unit is used as a metric / time measurement unit when describing the time domain resources used for the uplink transmission or downlink reception, and indicates the start and end positions of the time domain resources in time units.

[0092] As mentioned above, AIoT type terminal devices cannot maintain synchronization with network devices for a long time (unstable power supply, limited computing and storage capabilities), and the speed of desynchronization after achieving synchronization is also faster than other traditional terminal devices (larger crystal oscillator error), or the time for maintaining synchronization after achieving synchronization is shorter than other traditional terminal devices. In order for the terminal device to accurately send uplink signals and / or receive downlink signals in the time domain resources indicated by the network device, the terminal device of an embodiment of the present application monitors (monitor) a first signal at a first frequency, and the first signal is at least used for timing and / or time synchronization of the terminal device, and the terminal device receives first information at the first frequency, and the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at the second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency. As a result, the terminal device can synchronize based on the first signal to ensure an accurate time reference within a period of time, so that it can accurately send uplink signals and / or receive downlink signals in the time domain resources indicated by the network device.

[0093] Existing LTE systems and 5GNR systems are mainly based on OFDM signals, which are multi-carrier signals. Different terminal devices send their own signals to the network device at the same time. Their respective signals can use different subcarriers in the same bandwidth to carry their own information. The signals of different terminal devices are orthogonal to each other. Conversely, the network device can also modulate the information sent to different terminal devices onto different subcarriers. The subcarriers are orthogonal, and different terminal devices can obtain their own information on the corresponding subcarriers according to the instructions of the network device. Another waveform commonly used in existing LTE systems and 5GNR systems is SC-FDMA. This waveform is also a multi-carrier signal. Different users can achieve multiplexing by modulating different subcarriers at the same time.

[0094] In the embodiments of the present application, the first signal and / or the first information and / or the second information and / or the third information are all single-carrier signals. Compared to multi-carrier signals, single-carrier signals have lower modulation and demodulation complexity and lower requirements on hardware device capabilities and accuracy, which can effectively reduce the complexity and cost of terminal devices. Therefore, they are more suitable for AIoT systems and terminal devices.

[0095] The first waveform can be a continuous wave (CW), a carrier wave (CW), a backscattered / backscattering wave, an uplink wave, or the like, but the present application is not limited thereto. The bandwidth of the first waveform is significantly narrower than the bandwidth of the first signal. For example, the bandwidth of the first waveform is 1 kHz, and the bandwidth of the first signal is 100 kHz. This is merely an example, and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0096] In one example, the terminal device sends the second information by backscattering a first waveform. The first waveform is a waveform sent by the network device or a third-party device. The terminal device modulates the information to be sent to the network device onto the first waveform by adjusting its backscatter circuit, and then backscatters the modulated first waveform. For example, the terminal device receives the first waveform at a second frequency and backscatters the modulated first waveform at the second frequency. For another example, the terminal device receives the first waveform at a third frequency and backscatters the modulated first waveform at the second frequency.

[0097] In another example, the terminal device autonomously generates the second information and transmits it at the second frequency. The terminal device autonomously generates a first waveform and modulates information to be sent to the network device onto the first waveform and transmits it as the second information at the second frequency.

[0098] After receiving the second information, the network device does not need to distinguish whether it is sent by the terminal device through backscattering or generated autonomously. It can use a unified receiving algorithm and mechanism to receive the second information, and, in some embodiments, obtain the information carried by the second information.

[0099] The above schematically illustrates the data transmission and reception in the embodiment of the present application. The first signal is first described below.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first signal comprises more than one sub-signal.

[0101] As mentioned above, the hardware processing capabilities and built-in crystal oscillator accuracy of AIoT terminal devices are inferior to those of traditional terminal devices. The network device sends more than one sub-signal, which helps to reduce the hardware requirements for AIoT terminal devices (for example, reducing the dynamic storage requirements). When the terminal device receives a sub-signal, it can implement timing adjustment / resynchronization and other operations based on the sub-signal, and after the sub-signal, use the timing adjusted based on the sub-signal to receive downlink information from the network device and / or send uplink information to the network device.

[0102] In some embodiments, the first signal is at least one of the following: a guide signal, a pilot signal, a synchronization signal, a preamble signal, etc., but the present application is not limited thereto.

[0103] In some embodiments, the first signal is a periodic signal, or an aperiodic signal, or a semi-persistent signal.

[0104] In some embodiments, the terminal device monitors the first signal. The terminal device monitors whether the first signal is sent in the time domain (along the time axis).

[0105] For example, the terminal device can monitor part or all of the sub-signals of the first signal according to its own needs (for example, the terminal device has the need to send second information or receive third information, or the terminal device has the need to establish a connection with a network device, etc.).

[0106] For another example, the terminal device may also receive fourth information sent by the network device at the first frequency, where the fourth information is used to configure and / or instruct the terminal device to monitor (and / or receive) some / all sub-signals of the first signal. The terminal device may monitor some or all sub-signals of the first signal according to the configuration / instruction of the network device. The present application is not limited to this, and for example, the terminal device may also monitor the first signal according to predefined or pre-specified information (or by default).

[0107] In some embodiments, the terminal device receives all of the first signals (sub-signals) that it monitors, or the terminal device receives all of the first signals (sub-signals) that it monitors; or, the terminal device receives part of the first signals (sub-signals) that it monitors, or the terminal device only receives a part of the first signal (sub-signal) that it monitors; and, the terminal device uses the received first signal (sub-signal) to implement synchronization / timing adjustment operations.

[0108] For example, the terminal device receives all the first signals (sub-signals) it monitors. The first signal is sent by the network device to all terminal devices. All terminal devices may be terminal devices within the coverage of the network device, terminal devices that can receive the signal, or terminal devices that have established a connection with the network device (for example, successfully obtained an identifier specified / assigned by the network device, etc.), etc.

[0109] For another example, the terminal device receives a portion of the first signal (sub-signal) monitored by it according to the configuration / instruction of the network device (e.g., the fourth information). The portion greater than one sub-signal is sent by the network device to the terminal device or to a group of terminal devices including the terminal device.

[0110] For another example, the terminal device may also monitor and / or receive the first signal according to predefined or pre-specified information (or by default).

[0111] The above method can provide network devices with more flexibility to manage and / or schedule terminal devices, and can also help further reduce the hardware requirements for AIoT terminal devices (for example, the number of synchronization signals / sub-signals of the first signal that the terminal device needs to monitor / receive can be reduced, etc.). The terminal device can receive all first signals, or only some sub-signals of the first signal. The terminal device can receive it on demand, or the network device can instruct / configure the terminal device on how to receive the first signal (greater than one sub-signal). When the terminal device receives a sub-signal, it can implement timing adjustment / resynchronization and other operations based on the sub-signal, and after the sub-signal, it can use the timing adjusted based on the sub-signal to receive downlink information from the network device and / or send uplink information to the network device.

[0112] Figure 5 is an example diagram of the first signal according to an embodiment of the present application, showing a situation where multiple sub-signals are sent aperiodically by a network device. Figure 6 is an example diagram of the first signal according to an embodiment of the present application, showing a situation where multiple sub-signals are sent periodically by a network device.

[0113] In some embodiments, from the perspective of the network device, the sub-signals of the first signal exhibit time-domain behavior (e.g., periodic or aperiodic); however, from the perspective of the terminal device, the terminal device does not need to understand the time-domain behavior of the sub-signals, i.e., the terminal device does not need to know the pattern of the first signal. As described above, the terminal device can monitor / receive part or all of the first signal (more than one sub-signal) as needed or as configured / instructed by the network device.

[0114] In some embodiments, the terminal device is capable of distinguishing different sub-signals in the first signal, or the terminal device is not capable of distinguishing different sub-signals in the first signal.

[0115] For example, the terminal device can distinguish different sub-signals, or different sub-signals have characteristics that enable the terminal device to distinguish them (for example, the sub-signal has an index, and the network device and the terminal device have the same understanding of the index of a sub-signal). The terminal device can continuously maintain loose logical synchronization with the network device based on different sub-signals (such as being able to characterize the sequential relationship between sub-signals and / or time units on the time axis, etc.) and physical timing synchronization (such as the starting position of time units and / or sent / received time domain symbols, etc.). The network device can use the sub-signal as a reference point to indicate to the terminal device the time domain resource location of its sending or receiving information. For example, the network device instructs the terminal device to send the second information and / or receive the third information after the Xth sub-signal that appears after the first information. In one example, the sub-signal has an index, and the signal form or specific waveform of the sub-signal is related to its index. The terminal device detects the index of the sub-signal and uses it to distinguish sub-signals. In another example, the sub-signal has a cyclic index, for example, the sub-signal index takes a cyclic value from 0 to 9.

[0116] For another example, the terminal device cannot distinguish between sub-signals, or the different sub-signals do not have characteristics that enable the terminal device to distinguish between them. The terminal device can maintain a certain degree of physical timing synchronization (such as time units and / or starting positions of time domain symbols sent / received, etc.) with the network device based on the sub-signal. After one synchronization, the terminal device can send uplink information and / or receive downlink information according to the instructions of the network device. Before or after the terminal device loses synchronization, the terminal device monitors the sub-signal and receives the next sub-signal, and re-implements physical synchronization operations based on the next sub-signal received.

[0117] In some embodiments, the sub-signal is used at least for timing and / or timing reference of the terminal device.

[0118] For example, the sub-signal is used as a reference for the terminal device to confirm the start and / or end of a time unit (and / or, a transmitted / received time domain symbol).

[0119] For example, the starting edge (position) and / or the ending edge (position) of the sub-signal is used as the reference.

[0120] FIG7 is an example diagram of sub-signals and time units according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG8 is another example diagram of sub-signals and time units according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG9 is another example diagram of sub-signals and time units according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG10 is another example diagram of sub-signals and time units according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0121] As shown in Figures 7 to 10, the terminal device monitors the first signal. The terminal device receives a sub-signal of the first signal, determines the starting or ending edge of the sub-signal, and uses the starting or ending edge of the sub-signal as a reference to determine the starting and ending positions of the time unit after the sub-signal.

[0122] For example, as shown in Figure 7, the end edge of the sub-signal is used as the starting position of the time unit after the sub-signal. As shown in Figures 8 to 10, the starting edge of the sub-signal is used as the starting position of the time unit after the sub-signal.

[0123] In some embodiments, the time length occupied by the sub-signal is equal to one time unit, or the time length occupied by the sub-signal is greater than one time unit, or the time length occupied by the sub-signal is less than one time unit.

[0124] For example, as shown in FIG8 , the time length of the sub-signal is less than one time unit. As shown in FIG9 , the time length of the sub-signal is greater than one time unit. As shown in FIG10 , the time length of the sub-signal is equal to one time unit.

[0125] In some embodiments, the time unit is at least one of the following: symbol, slot, sub-frame, frame, mini-slot, and non-slot. The present application is not limited thereto, and other time units may also be used.

[0126] In some embodiments, the N time units after the sub-signal are determined / identified / designated / deemed by the terminal device and / or the network device to be a timing-accurate time range.

[0127] Figure 11 is an example diagram of a sub-signal and an accurate time range according to an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 12 is an example diagram of a sub-signal and an accurate time range according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figures 11 and 12, when the terminal device receives a sub-signal of the first signal, it can be considered that the N time units after the sub-signal are the time range with accurate timing, and the timing is inaccurate until the next sub-signal is detected after these N time units.

[0128] For example, since AIoT-type terminal devices lose synchronization faster after achieving synchronization than other traditional terminal devices (the crystal oscillator error of AIoT-type terminal devices is larger), the range of N time units after the terminal device receives a sub-signal is within the timing accuracy range. Thereafter, until the next sub-signal is received, it is within the timing inaccuracy range. The timing accuracy range can also be a trustworthy range, a timing reliability range, etc., and this application is not limited to this.

[0129] Furthermore, because different terminal devices may have different crystal oscillator accuracies and / or different services may have different precision requirements for terminal devices, the value of N may also vary depending on the terminal device and / or service. The timing reliability range may be based on the terminal device capabilities and / or configuration parameters from the network device and / or capabilities included in the definitions of different terminal types / classes. This application is not limited to this.

[0130] In this way, the synchronization capability between the terminal device and the network device can be effectively improved without significantly increasing the requirements for AIOT terminal devices (compared to traditional tag-type terminal devices, such as RFID devices), thereby facilitating the network device to manage the uplink transmission and / or downlink reception of the terminal device.

[0131] In some embodiments, the terminal device determines (believes) that it will receive, or is ready to monitor / receive, the first information after monitoring / receiving a sub-signal of the first signal; or, the terminal device determines (believes) that it will receive the first information within the N time units (within the timing reliability range) after monitoring / receiving the first signal.

[0132] In other words, after monitoring / receiving a sub-signal of the first signal, the terminal device determines (believes) that the network device may send the first information and / or the third information after the sub-signal, or instructs the terminal device to send the second information; or, after monitoring / receiving the first signal, the terminal device determines (believes) that within the N time units (within the timing reliability range), the network device may send the first information and / or the third information after the sub-signal, or instructs the terminal device to send the second information.

[0133] In other words, the first signal (a sub-signal) may also have a prompting function. For example, the first signal (a sub-signal) sent by the network device to the terminal device is used to prompt the terminal device that the network device may send the first information and / or the third information after the first signal (a sub-signal), or to instruct the terminal device to send the second information. For another example, the first signal (a sub-signal) sent by the network device to the terminal device is used to prompt the terminal device to perform synchronization / timing adjustment according to the sub-signal. For another example, the first signal (a sub-signal) sent by the network device to the terminal device is used to prompt the terminal device to prepare to receive the first information within the N time units (timing reliability range) thereafter.

[0134] In some embodiments, at least two of the more than one sub-signals have different formats.

[0135] For example, the signal waveforms and / or the time domain symbols contained in the at least two sub-signals differ in at least one of the following:

[0136] The length of the symbol in the time domain;

[0137] The distribution of the symbol high level during the symbol duration;

[0138] The distribution of the low level of the symbol during the duration of the symbol;

[0139] The distribution of high and low levels within the symbol pattern / symbol duration;

[0140] The ratio of high level to low level in the symbol.

[0141] The above examples illustrate different formats, but the present application is not limited thereto.

[0142] In some embodiments, the more than one sub-signals have the same format.

[0143] Figure 13 is an example diagram of at least two sub-signals according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the upper portion of Figure 13 , a first signal includes at least one sub-signal, all of which have the same format. As shown in the lower portion of Figure 13 , the first sub-signal in the at least one sub-signal has a different signal format than subsequent sub-signals.

[0144] In one example, the format of the first sub-signal is different (as shown below in FIG13 ). The first sub-signal may be the first sub-signal received by the terminal device after it is powered on once, or it may be the first sub-signal determined by the terminal device based on the different characteristics of the first sub-signal and other sub-signals (the different characteristics are as described above). In one embodiment, the first sub-signal is also used to guide a message, or in other words, the first sub-signal is a preamble of the message. The message (or the message and the first sub-signal) is used to carry the identifier of the network device and / or the identifier of the cell corresponding to the network device. In this case, the terminal device can determine the identifier of the network device communicating with it based on the first sub-signal and adjust the timing to synchronize with the network device, and start a communication with the network device and / or start establishing a connection with the network device. The terminal device can also adjust / correct the timing or retime according to subsequent sub-signals, and use the timing adjusted based on the sub-signal after the sub-signal to receive downlink information from the network device and / or send uplink information to the network device. Including the first sub-signal used to indicate / guide the above-mentioned information containing network device identification information into the first signal is conducive to a more unified design of the first sub-signal and subsequent sub-signals, which is more conducive to standardization implementation and the overall design of the terminal device receiving algorithm.

[0145] The power-on of the above-mentioned terminal device may be the first power-on of the terminal device after leaving the factory, or the terminal device determines that the network device / cell is different from the previously connected network device / cell based on the identifier of the network device / cell obtained by the above-mentioned information (or the above-mentioned information and the first sub-signal), or the terminal device enters a high power mode from a low power mode, etc. It should be noted that some AIOT device terminals do not have conventional power supply batteries. These devices rely on collecting environmental radio wave energy to charge and maintain normal operation. These radio waves for power supply can be provided by network devices or by third-party devices, and this application is not limited to this. Therefore, there are situations where the AIOT device terminal loses power due to insufficient power or the power is unstable (high power, low power, etc.). In addition, there are situations where the network device does not need to communicate with the AIOT device terminal to stop sending power supply radio waves, but the AIOT device enters a sleep / dormant state.

[0146] In another example, the signal formats that are greater than one sub-signal are the same (as shown above in Figure 13). In this case, the terminal device can be timed according to a sub-signal, and after the sub-signal, use the timing adjusted based on the sub-signal to receive downlink information from the network device and / or send uplink information to the network device. In this case, the network device can notify (inform) the terminal device of its network device / cell identification, and the network device / cell identification can be carried by other signals other than the first signal or auxiliary sent to the terminal device. The network device may also not notify the terminal device of its network device / cell identification. This application is not limited to this. Using this embodiment, the notification of the network device / cell identification is deconstructed from the first signal for timing synchronization, which helps to accelerate and simplify standardization discussions and speed up the implementation of the AIoT system. In addition, this deconstruction is also conducive to simplifying the implementation logic of the terminal-side product design, which helps to accelerate product development.

[0147] The first signal and the first information are described below using the target sub-signal as an example.

[0148] In some embodiments, the first information is temporally located after a target sub-signal of the first signal, and the target sub-signal is one of the more than one sub-signals. For example, the target sub-signal is a sub-signal, and other names may also be used, which are not limited in this application.

[0149] For example, the terminal device monitors a first signal. The terminal device receives a target sub-signal of the first signal. The terminal device adjusts timing / (re)synchronizes timing based on the received target sub-signal. The first information is located after the target sub-signal on the time axis. The terminal device receives (demodulates / decodes) at least the first information using the timing adjusted based on the target sub-signal.

[0150] In some embodiments, the target sub-signal and the first information are temporally continuous, or the target sub-signal and the first information are temporally discontinuous.

[0151] Figure 14 is an example diagram of a target sub-signal and first information according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the upper portion of Figure 14 , the target sub-signal and the first information are discontinuous in time; as shown in the lower portion of Figure 14 , the target sub-signal and the first information are continuous in time.

[0152] In some embodiments, the first information is related to the target sub-signal.

[0153] In some embodiments, the target sub-signal is a preamble of the first information.

[0154] In one example, the target sub-signal is related to the first information. The target sub-signal is at least used to prompt the sending of the first information, and / or, the target sub-signal is at least used to receive the first information. In one embodiment, the target sub-signal is a preamble of the first information, or the target sub-signal is a guide signal (pilot) or a reference signal (reference signal) of the first information. In another embodiment, the target sub-signal is sent by the network device to the terminal device, and is used for the terminal device to receive the first information. The target sub-signal carries or does not carry information or features related to the identification of the terminal device.

[0155] In some embodiments, the first information is unrelated to the target sub-signal.

[0156] In some embodiments, the terminal device also receives a preamble of the first information before receiving the first information.

[0157] In one example, the target sub-signal is unrelated to the first information. In one embodiment, the target sub-signal is sent by the network device to all terminal devices or to a group of terminal devices including the first terminal device, and the terminal device is one of the terminal devices receiving the target sub-signal. In another embodiment, the target sub-signal is sent by the network device to the terminal device. In another embodiment, the first information may further include a preamble, where the preamble is a signal other than the sub-signal.

[0158] Figure 15 is an example diagram of a target sub-signal and first information in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 15 , the first information may include a preamble. The preamble is used to assist in timing or channel estimation. For example, when the crystal oscillator error of the terminal device is very large, including the preamble in the first information helps further improve the timing estimation accuracy of the terminal device, thereby enabling more accurate reception, demodulation, and decoding of the first information.

[0159] In one example, the target sub-signal is unrelated to the first information. The first information may have a preamble, and the target sub-signal and the first information may be continuous on the time axis (for example, as shown in the upper part of FIG15 ), or the target sub-signal and the first information may be discontinuous on the time axis (for example, as shown in the lower part of FIG15 ).

[0160] In another example, the target sub-signal is related to the first information, and the target sub-signal and the first information are continuous on the time axis, which helps to speed up the speed at which the terminal device receives the first information.

[0161] In another example, the target sub-signal is related to the first information, and the target sub-signal and the first information are not continuous on a time axis, but there is a time interval between them. This time interval helps to reserve sufficient time for the terminal device to receive, process, and identify the target sub-signal and prepare for receiving the first information.

[0162] The above schematically illustrates some situations of the target sub-signal and the first information, and the present application is not limited thereto. In addition, the above examples or implementations can be combined with each other, such as combining two by two, combining part by part, or combining all by all, etc., and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0163] In some embodiments, the first information is dedicated information sent by the network device to the terminal device, or the first information is public information sent by the network device to a group of terminal devices including the terminal device.

[0164] For example, the first information is dedicated information sent by the network device to the terminal device. The first information carries the identification (ID) of the terminal device. In one embodiment, the first information includes the identification of the terminal device (carried explicitly), for example, the identification of the terminal device is part of the first information. In another embodiment, the first information carries characteristics related to the terminal device (carried implicitly), for example, the CRC check bits of the first information are scrambled by part or all of the terminal device identification before sending; for another example, the first information is scrambled via a scrambling code, and the initial phase of the scrambling code generation (the initial value of the shift register) is related to the terminal device identification (or, the terminal device identification is one of the calculation quantities for calculating the initial value), etc. The above embodiments can be combined in specific implementations, and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0165] The terminal device identifier may be an inherent ID of the terminal device, and / or an ID configured / allocated / assigned / indicated / confirmed by the network device for the terminal device, etc., but the present application is not limited thereto.

[0166] For another example, the first information is information sent by the network device to a group of terminal devices including the terminal device. In one example, the first information carries the group identifier of the group of terminal devices. The specific carrying method refers to the above-mentioned method of carrying a single terminal device identifier and will not be repeated here. The group identifier of the group of terminal devices is configured (configure) / allocate (allocate / assign) / indicate (indicate) / confirmed (confirm) for the terminal device by the network device, or configured / allocated / indicated / confirmed for the group of terminal devices by the network device. In another example, the first information does not carry the group identifier of the group of terminal devices. For example, the network device allocates dedicated time domain resources to the group of terminal devices, and the group of terminal devices receives the information sent to themselves (for example, the first information) in the designated resources, or the group of terminal devices determines the location of their group information (for example, the first information) based on the designated resources, so the first information does not carry the group identifier; for another example, the group of terminal devices is all the above-mentioned terminal devices, and so on. The present application is not limited to this.

[0167] In some embodiments, the first information is carried by a downlink control channel and / or a downlink data channel.

[0168] For example, the downlink control channel is used by the network device to schedule uplink transmission of the terminal device, or to instruct the terminal device to receive downlink data, and / or to carry control information / commands / signaling sent by the network device to the terminal device. The downlink control channel may also be a physical downlink control channel, or a control channel, or a physical control channel, etc. This application is not limited thereto.

[0169] For example, the downlink data channel is used to carry downlink data sent by the network device to the terminal device, and / or is used by the network device to schedule uplink transmission of the terminal device, and / or is used to carry control information / commands / signaling sent by the network device to the terminal device. The downlink data channel can also be a physical downlink data channel, a downlink channel, or a physical downlink channel. This application is not limited to this.

[0170] In some embodiments, the target sub-signal is at least used for the terminal device to perform timing and / or time synchronization in order to receive / demodulate / decode the first information.

[0171] In some embodiments, the first information is at least further used to indicate: a second time domain resource used for or available for the second information, and / or a third time domain resource used for or available for the third information.

[0172] FIG16 is an example diagram of sending the second information according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0173] In one example, the first information is used to indicate: a second time domain resource used for the second information. After receiving the first information, the terminal device sends the second information in the second time domain resource according to the instruction. The indicated second time domain resource may be one or more than one, and the present application is not limited to this. The first information may be sent only to the terminal device, or may be sent to a group of terminal devices including the terminal device. For example, the network device indicates time domain resources for some or all of the terminal devices in a group of terminal devices in turn.

[0174] In another example, the first information includes time domain resource indication information that can be used for (available for) the second information. After receiving the first information, the terminal device sends the second information in the indicated time domain resource or does not send the second information. For example, the terminal device determines whether to send or not in the indicated time domain resource based on whether there is uplink data waiting to be sent. The first information can be sent only to the terminal device, or it can be sent to a group of terminal devices including the terminal device. For another example, the network device indicates one or more time domain resources to the group of terminal devices. Any one of the group of terminal devices can send in the indicated one or more time domain resources when needed.

[0175] FIG17 is an example diagram of receiving third information according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0176] In one example, the first information is used to indicate: a third time domain resource used for the third information. After receiving the first information, the terminal device receives the third information in the third time domain resource in accordance with the instruction. The indicated third time domain resource may be one or more than one, and the present application is not limited to this. The first information may be sent only to the terminal device, or may be sent to a group of terminal devices including the terminal device. For example, the network device indicates time domain resources for some or all of the terminal devices in a group of terminal devices in turn.

[0177] In another example, the first information includes time domain resource indication information that can be used for the third information. After receiving the first information, the terminal device receives the third information in the indicated time domain resource or does not receive the third information. The first information can be sent only to the terminal device or to a group of terminal devices including the terminal device. For another example, the network device indicates one or more time domain resources to the group of terminal devices. Any of the group of terminal devices can receive the information in the indicated one or more time domain resources when needed.

[0178] In some embodiments, the indication information of the second time domain resource and / or the indication information of the third time domain resource includes at least one of the following: the start of the time domain resource, the duration of the time domain resource, and the end of the time domain resource.

[0179] For example, the time domain resource (the second time domain resource or the third time domain resource) can be one time domain resource, or more than one time domain resource. The time domain resource is one time domain resource, and the first information includes one / a set of the time domain resource indication information. The time domain resource is more than one time domain resource, and the first information includes more than one / more than one set of the time domain resource indication information. The time domain resource indication information (the second time domain resource indication information or the third time domain resource indication information) contained in the first information can correspond one-to-one to the time domain resource (the second time domain resource or the third time domain resource). The number of the time domain resource indication information can also be less than the number of the time domain resources. For example, the more than one time domain resources are related to each other, and the terminal device can infer the positions of the remaining time domain resources based on the positions of a part of the time domain resources.

[0180] In one example, the first information indicates the start of the time domain resource (the second time domain resource or the third time domain resource). After receiving the first information, the terminal device sends the second information and / or receives the third information starting from the start of the time domain resource indicated by the first information. In one embodiment, the network device and the terminal device have a consistent understanding of the content and length of the second information (or the third information). In other words, in this embodiment, the network device and the terminal device have a consistent understanding of the duration of the second information (or the third information) in the time domain. Therefore, there is no need to indicate the duration of the time domain resource to the terminal device. In another embodiment, the terminal device adds a signal to mark the end at the end of the second information, and / or the network device adds a signal to mark the end at the end of the third information. The end signal of the second information notifies the network device of the end of the transmission of the second information, so that the network device can accurately determine the end position of the second information and thus correctly demodulate and decode the received second information. The end signal of the third information notifies the terminal device of the end of the transmission of the third information, so that the terminal device can accurately determine the end position of the third information and thus correctly demodulate and decode the received third information. The above embodiments can be combined. For example, under the premise that the network device and the terminal device have a consistent understanding of the duration of the second information in the time domain, the terminal device still adds a signal to mark the end at the end of the second information, so as to improve the probability of correct transmission of the second information, etc.

[0181] In another example, the first information indicates the start and duration of the time domain resource, or the first information indicates the start and end of the time domain resource. After receiving the first information, the terminal device sends second information starting from the start of the second time domain resource indicated by the first information, and the duration of the second information is the duration of the second time domain resource. Alternatively, after receiving the first information, the terminal device sends second information starting from the start of the second time domain resource indicated by the first information, and the second information ends at the end of the second time domain resource. The terminal device adds or does not add a signal to indicate the end at the end of the second information. Not adding a signal to indicate the end can save time domain resource overhead. Adding a signal to indicate the end can increase the probability of correct transmission of the second information. Similarly, after receiving the first information, the terminal device receives third information starting from the start of the third time domain resource indicated by the first information, and the duration of the third information is the duration of the third time domain resource. Alternatively, after receiving the first information, the terminal device receives third information starting from the start of the third time domain resource indicated by the first information, and the third information ends at the end of the third time domain resource. The network device adds or does not add a signal for indicating the end at the end position of the third information.

[0182] In some embodiments, the second information is sent without channel coding and / or modulation, or the second information is sent with channel coding and / or modulation.

[0183] In one example, the second information is transmitted without channel coding and / or constellation modulation. One information bit corresponds to one time domain symbol, or one time domain symbol is used to carry one bit of the second information. This helps to simplify the complexity of the terminal device, and the terminal device does not need to support channel coding and modulation functions.

[0184] In another example, the second information is transmitted after channel coding and / or modulation. A time-domain symbol is used to carry one bit of the channel-coded second information or one modulation symbol. Given the more powerful hardware processing capabilities of network devices, transmitting the second information after channel coding and / or modulation helps enhance uplink transmission reliability and thereby improve spectrum efficiency.

[0185] Because some AIOT terminal devices lack a properly powered battery and / or do not support a power amplifier in the RF band, their uplink signal power is weak. In network deployment, uplink coverage may become a bottleneck. Supporting simple channel coding (e.g., convolutional codes) and simple modulation schemes (e.g., BPSK) can effectively enhance the error correction and detection capabilities of uplink signals, thereby improving the reliability of uplink transmission. In one embodiment, the code rate of the channel coding and / or the modulation order are predefined and fixed by the communication standard, and the network device does not need to indicate relevant information to the terminal device. This balances the complexity of uplink signal generation with the protection of the uplink signal. In another embodiment, the terminal device can support more than one coding and / or modulation scheme, and the second information can also be used to carry information indicating the coding and / or modulation scheme. This provides more flexibility for uplink transmission scheduling of network devices, allowing network devices to adjust and balance frequency efficiency and transmission performance in real time based on service needs, transmission environment, and other factors. In addition, support for channel coding and / or modulation can also be a terminal device capability. The terminal device can report its ability to support channel coding and / or modulation schemes to the network device. The network device selects / configures / instructs the terminal device on a specific channel coding and / or modulation scheme based on its capabilities.

[0186] In some embodiments, the third information is sent without channel coding and / or modulation.

[0187] In one example, the third information is transmitted without channel coding and modulation. One information bit corresponds to one time domain symbol, or one time domain symbol is used to carry one bit of the third information. This helps simplify the complexity of the terminal device, as the terminal device does not need to support channel decoding and demodulation functions.

[0188] FIG18 is an example diagram of sending the second information according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0189] For example, as shown in FIG18 , before the second information is sent, the terminal device sends a preamble related to the second information at the second frequency, or the terminal device does not send a preamble related to the second information (as shown in FIG16 ). The preamble can be a guide signal, a pilot, a reference signal, a synchronization signal (synchronous signal), etc., and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0190] In one example, the terminal device sends a preamble related to the second information at the second frequency. The preamble helps the network device estimate the time / frequency error of the terminal and receive / demodulate / decode the second information based on the error. In another example, the terminal device does not send a preamble related to the second information, thereby saving time domain resource overhead. Whether the terminal device sends or does not send the preamble can also be configured or instructed by the network device, for example, based on the actual error of the terminal device crystal oscillator, and / or based on the actual channel status of the communication with the terminal device, and / or based on the error rate of the uplink communication / downlink communication between the terminal device and the terminal device, etc.

[0191] The duration of the second time domain resource is the length of a time unit corresponding to the second information (or the encoded second information), or the length of a time unit used to carry the second information (or the encoded second information). Alternatively, the duration of the second time domain resource is the length of a time unit used to send the second information (or the encoded second information), for example, including a leading symbol and / or an ending symbol of the second information.

[0192] FIG19 is an example diagram of receiving third information according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0193] For example, as shown in FIG19 , before the third information is transmitted, the network device transmits a preamble related to the third information at the first frequency, or the network device does not transmit a preamble related to the third information (as shown in FIG17 ). The preamble may be a guide signal, a pilot, a reference signal, a synchronization signal (synchronous signal), etc., and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0194] In one example, the network device sends a preamble related to the third information at the first frequency. The preamble helps the terminal device estimate the time / frequency error and receive / demodulate / decode the third information based on this error. In another example, the network device does not send a preamble related to the third information, thereby saving time domain resource overhead. The network device may send or not send a preamble as configured or instructed by the terminal device, for example, based on the actual error of the crystal oscillator of the terminal device, and / or based on the actual channel status of the communication with the terminal device, and / or based on the error rate of the uplink / downlink communication between the terminal device and the like. In another example, the preamble of the third information may be another sub-signal of the first signal. This can simplify the preamble design of the downlink signal.

[0195] The duration of the third time domain resource is the length of a time unit corresponding to the third information, or the length of a time unit used to carry the third information. Alternatively, the duration of the third time domain resource is the length of a time unit used to send the third information, for example, including a leading symbol and / or an ending symbol of the third information.

[0196] The time domain resources of the embodiment of the present application are further explained below.

[0197] In some embodiments, the reference of the start of the time domain resource and / or the end of the time domain resource includes at least one of the following:

[0198] The last time unit of the time domain resource where the first information is located / the end position of the first information;

[0199] The first time unit of the time domain resource where the first information is located / the starting position of the first information;

[0200] the target sub-signal;

[0201] The first sub-signal of the first signal.

[0202] In some embodiments, the start of the time domain resource and / or the end of the time domain resource is an offset relative to the reference.

[0203] Figure 20 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 20 , the starting reference in the time domain resource indication information is the ending position of the first information.

[0204] Figure 21 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 21 , the starting reference in the time domain resource indication information is the last time unit of the time domain resource where the first information is located.

[0205] Figure 22 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 22, the starting reference in the time domain resource indication information is the starting position of the first information.

[0206] Figure 23 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 23 , the starting reference in the time domain resource indication information is the first time unit of the time domain resource where the first information is located.

[0207] Figure 24 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 24 , the starting reference in the time domain resource indication information is the target sub-signal.

[0208] Figure 25 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 25 , the starting reference in the time domain resource indication information is the first sub-signal of the first signal.

[0209] In some embodiments, the start of the time domain resource and / or the end of the time domain resource is:

[0210] k time units, or

[0211] s sub-signals, or,

[0212] s sub-signals and k time units.

[0213] For example, with the target sub-signal as a reference, the time domain resource starts with s sub-signals, and the sending of the second information and / or the receiving of the third information starts from the position after the end of the s-th sub-signal following the target sub-signal (or in other words, the s sub-signals do not include the target sub-signal). Alternatively, the time domain resource starts with s sub-signals, and the sending of the second information and / or the receiving of the third information starts from the position after the end of the s-1-th sub-signal following the target sub-signal (or in other words, the s sub-signals include the target sub-signal).

[0214] For example, with the target sub-signal as a reference, the time domain resource starts at k time units, and the sending of the second information and / or the receiving of the third information starts from a position after the end of k time units after the target sub-signal (or, k time units do not include the first time unit of the time domain resource). Alternatively, the time domain resource starts at k time units, and the sending of the second information and / or the receiving of the third information starts from a position after the end of k-1 time units after the target sub-signal (or, k time units include the first time unit of the time domain resource).

[0215] For example, with the end of the first information as a reference, the start of the time domain resource is s sub-signals, and the sending of the second information and / or the receiving of the third information starts from the position where the sth sub-signal ends after the end of the first information.

[0216] Figure 26 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 26 , the starting reference of the time domain resource is the ending position of the first information, and the starting position of the time domain resource is k time units offset from the reference.

[0217] Figure 27 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 27 , the reference of the starting position in the time domain resource indication information is the target sub-signal, and the starting position of the time domain resource is k time units offset from the reference.

[0218] FIG28 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG28 , the reference of the starting position in the time domain resource indication information is the first sub-signal of the first signal, and the starting position of the time domain resource is s sub-signals offset from the reference.

[0219] Figure 29 is an example diagram of a time domain resource reference according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 29, the reference for the starting position in the time domain resource indication information is the first sub-signal of the first signal, and the starting position of the time domain resource is the reference offset s sub-signals and k time units.

[0220] In some embodiments, the duration of the time domain resource is m sub-signals and / or n time units.

[0221] For example, the second information and / or the third information may be transmitted across sub-signals. In other words, during the time period during which the second information and / or the third information is transmitted in the time domain, the network device transmits at least one sub-signal of the first signal other than the target sub-signal, and the terminal device is within the receiving terminal device range of the sub-signal, or is not within the receiving terminal device range of the sub-signal.

[0222] For another example, the transmission of the second information and / or the third information does not span sub-signals. In other words, during the time period during which the second information and / or the third information is transmitted in the time domain, the network device does not transmit the first signal, or the network device does not transmit a sub-signal of the first signal with the terminal device as the target receiving terminal device.

[0223] For another example, if a sub-signal of the first signal is detected during the transmission of the second information and / or the third information, the transmission of the second information and / or the third information is terminated (paused / suspended); and the transmission of the second information and / or the third information is resumed when the sub-signal ends.

[0224] For another example, if a sub-signal of the first signal is detected during the transmission of the second information and / or the third information, the transmission of the second information and / or the third information is terminated (abandoned / discarded).

[0225] In some embodiments, the first information is at least further used to indicate: a second frequency resource used for or available for the second information, and / or a third frequency resource used for or available for the third information.

[0226] For example, if the AIOT system bandwidth is narrow and only includes one channel, the network device does not need to indicate the second information and / or the third information frequency domain resource information to the terminal device, or the network device indicates the fixed frequency domain resource information for the second information and / or the third information to the terminal device.

[0227] For another example, if the AIOT system bandwidth is relatively wide and includes more than one channel, the first information may further include frequency domain indication information for sending the second information and / or receiving the third information, such as a channel index.

[0228] The above schematically illustrates various information of the embodiments of the present application. Optionally, the terminal device can send the second information and / or receive the third information based on the above signals / information.

[0229] The above embodiments are merely exemplary of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Appropriate modifications may be made based on the above embodiments. For example, the above embodiments may be used alone, or one or more of the above embodiments may be combined.

[0230] As can be seen from the above embodiment, the terminal device monitors the first signal and receives the first information at the first frequency, and transmits the second information and / or receives the third information based on the first information from the network device. This enables accurate and reliable data transmission and reception between the low-cost device and the network device, effectively reducing the complexity and cost of the terminal device.

[0231] Embodiments of the second aspect

[0232] The embodiment of the present application provides a data transceiver method, which is described from the perspective of a network device. The embodiment of the second aspect can be combined with the embodiment of the first aspect, and the same contents as the embodiment of the first aspect will not be repeated.

[0233] FIG30 is a schematic diagram of a data transceiver method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG30 , the method includes:

[0234] 3001: A network device sends a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal is used at least for timing and / or time synchronization of a terminal device.

[0235] 3002. The network device sends first information at the first frequency, and the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at the second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, and the second information is carried by the signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering the first waveform or the signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.

[0236] It is worth noting that FIG30 above is merely a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. For example, the execution order of the various operations may be appropriately adjusted, and other operations may be added or some operations may be reduced. Those skilled in the art may make appropriate modifications based on the above description, and are not limited to the description of FIG30 above.

[0237] The network device sends a first signal to the terminal device, wherein the first signal is used at least for timing and / or time synchronization of the terminal device. The first signal includes more than one sub-signal.

[0238] In some embodiments, the first signal is a periodic signal, or a non-periodic signal, or a semi-continuous signal. The network device sends the first signal periodically, or a non-periodic, or semi-continuously.

[0239] In some embodiments, the first signal is sent by the network device to all terminal devices, and / or to a specific terminal device or a group of terminal devices.

[0240] All of the above-mentioned terminal devices may be terminal devices within the coverage of the network device, terminal devices that can receive the signal, terminal devices that have established a connection with the network device (for example, successfully obtained an identifier specified / allocated by the network device, etc.), and so on.

[0241] For example, the sub-signals included in the first signal can be received by all of the above-mentioned terminal devices. For another example, a portion of the sub-signals included in the first signal can be received by all of the above-mentioned terminal devices, while another portion of the sub-signals is received by the specific one or group of terminal devices and is used at least for timing and / or synchronization. For another example, a portion of the sub-signals included in the first signal can be received by the first terminal device or the first group of terminal devices, while another portion of the sub-signals included in the first signal can be received by the second terminal device or the second group of terminal devices, and so on. The present invention is not limited to this.

[0242] The first signal (part or all of the sub-signals) received by the terminal device is at least used for the terminal device to implement timing (adjustment) and / or synchronization operations.

[0243] Optionally, the network device sends fourth information to the terminal device at the first frequency, where the fourth information is used to configure / instruct the terminal device to monitor and / or receive part / all sub-signals of the first signal.

[0244] The above method can provide network devices with more flexibility to manage and / or schedule terminal devices, and can also help further reduce the hardware requirements for AIoT terminal devices (for example, the number of synchronization signals / sub-signals of the first signal that the terminal device needs to monitor / receive can be reduced, etc.). The terminal device can receive all first signals, or only some sub-signals of the first signal. The terminal device can receive it on demand, or the network device can instruct / configure the terminal device on how to receive the first signal (greater than one sub-signal). When the terminal device receives a sub-signal, it can implement timing adjustment / resynchronization and other operations based on the sub-signal, and after the sub-signal, it can use the timing adjusted based on the sub-signal to receive downlink information from the network device and / or send uplink information to the network device.

[0245] Optionally, the network device receives the second information and / or sends the third information.

[0246] The above embodiments are merely exemplary of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Appropriate modifications may be made based on the above embodiments. For example, the above embodiments may be used alone, or one or more of the above embodiments may be combined.

[0247] As can be seen from the above embodiment, the terminal device monitors the first signal and receives the first information at the first frequency, and transmits the second information and / or receives the third information based on the first information from the network device. This enables accurate and reliable data transmission and reception between the low-cost device and the network device, effectively reducing the complexity and cost of the terminal device.

[0248] Embodiments of the third aspect

[0249] The embodiment of the present application provides a data transceiver device, which may be, for example, a terminal device, or one or more components or assemblies configured in the terminal device, and the contents that are the same as those in the first and second aspects of the embodiment are not repeated here.

[0250] FIG31 is a schematic diagram of a data transceiver device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG31 , the data transceiver device 3100 according to an embodiment of the present application includes:

[0251] A receiving unit 3101, which monitors a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal is used at least for timing and / or time synchronization of a terminal device;

[0252] The receiving unit 3101 receives first information at the first frequency, where the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at the second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, and the second information is carried by a signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering of the first waveform or a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.

[0253] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG31 , the data transceiver device 3100 may further include:

[0254] The sending unit 3102 sends the second information; and / or the receiving unit 3101 receives the third information.

[0255] In some embodiments, the first signal comprises more than one sub-signal.

[0256] In some embodiments, the first signal is at least one of the following: a guide signal, a pilot signal, a synchronization signal, and a preamble signal.

[0257] In some embodiments, the more than one sub-signal is sent periodically via a broadcast message, or the more than one sub-signal is sent aperiodically via a broadcast message, or the more than one sub-signal is sent semi-persistently via a broadcast message.

[0258] In some embodiments, the terminal device is capable of distinguishing different sub-signals in the first signal, or the terminal device is not capable of distinguishing different sub-signals in the first signal.

[0259] In some embodiments, the sub-signal is used at least for timing and / or timing reference of the terminal device.

[0260] In some embodiments, the sub-signal is used as a reference for the terminal device to confirm the start and / or end of a time unit.

[0261] In some embodiments, N time units after the sub-signal are determined (considered) to be a timing accurate time range.

[0262] In some embodiments, the terminal device determines (believes) that it will receive, or is ready to receive / monitor, the first information after monitoring the first signal; or, the terminal device determines (believes) that it will receive the first information within the N time units after monitoring the first signal.

[0263] In some embodiments, the starting edge (position) and / or ending edge (position) of the sub-signal is used as the reference.

[0264] In some embodiments, the time length occupied by the sub-signal is equal to one time unit, or the time length occupied by the sub-signal is greater than one time unit, or the time length occupied by the sub-signal is less than one time unit.

[0265] In some embodiments, the time unit is at least one of the following: symbol, slot, sub-frame, frame, mini-slot, and non-slot.

[0266] In some embodiments, at least two of the more than one sub-signals have different formats.

[0267] In some embodiments, the signal waveforms and / or the time domain symbols contained in the at least two sub-signals differ in at least one of the following:

[0268] The length of the symbol in the time domain;

[0269] The distribution of the symbol high level during the symbol duration;

[0270] The distribution of the low level of the symbol during the duration of the symbol;

[0271] The distribution of high and low levels within the symbol pattern / symbol duration;

[0272] The ratio of high level to low level in the symbol.

[0273] In some embodiments, the more than one sub-signals have the same format.

[0274] In some embodiments, the first information is temporally subsequent to a target sub-signal of the first signal, where the target sub-signal is one of the more than one sub-signals.

[0275] In some embodiments, the target sub-signal and the first information are temporally continuous.

[0276] In some embodiments, the target sub-signal and the first information are discontinuous in time.

[0277] In some embodiments, the first information is related to the target sub-signal.

[0278] In some embodiments, the target sub-signal is a preamble of the first information.

[0279] In some embodiments, the first information is unrelated to the target sub-signal.

[0280] In some embodiments, the terminal device also receives a preamble of the first information before receiving the first information.

[0281] In some embodiments, the first information is dedicated information sent by the network device to the terminal device, or the first information is public information sent by the network device to a group of terminal devices including the terminal device.

[0282] In some embodiments, the first information is carried by a downlink control channel and / or a downlink data channel.

[0283] In some embodiments, the target sub-signal is at least used for the terminal device to perform timing and / or time synchronization in order to receive / demodulate / decode the first information.

[0284] In some embodiments, the first information is at least further used to indicate: a second time domain resource used for or available for the second information, and / or a third time domain resource used for or available for the third information.

[0285] In some embodiments, the indication information of the second time domain resource and / or the indication information of the third time domain resource includes at least one of the following: the start of the time domain resource, the duration of the time domain resource, and the end of the time domain resource.

[0286] In some embodiments, the reference of the start of the time domain resource and / or the end of the time domain resource includes at least one of the following:

[0287] The last time unit of the time domain resource where the first information is located / the end position of the first information;

[0288] The first time unit of the time domain resource where the first information is located / the starting position of the first information;

[0289] the target sub-signal;

[0290] The first sub-signal of the first signal.

[0291] In some embodiments, the start of the time domain resource and / or the end of the time domain resource is an offset relative to the reference.

[0292] In some embodiments, the start of the time domain resource and / or the end of the time domain resource is:

[0293] k time units, or

[0294] s sub-signals, or,

[0295] s sub-signals and k time units.

[0296] In some embodiments, the duration of the time domain resource is m sub-signals and / or n time units.

[0297] In some embodiments, the second information is sent without channel coding and / or modulation.

[0298] In some embodiments, the second information is transmitted after channel coding and / or modulation.

[0299] In some embodiments, the third information is sent without channel coding and / or modulation.

[0300] In some embodiments, the first information is at least further used to indicate: a second frequency resource used for or available for the second information, and / or a third frequency resource used for or available for the third information.

[0301] The above embodiments are merely exemplary of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Appropriate modifications may be made based on the above embodiments. For example, the above embodiments may be used alone, or one or more of the above embodiments may be combined.

[0302] It is worth noting that the above only describes the components or modules related to the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto. The data transceiver 3100 may also include other components or modules. For the specific contents of these components or modules, reference may be made to the relevant art.

[0303] In addition, for the sake of simplicity, FIG31 only illustrates the connection relationship or signal direction between various components or modules. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that various related technologies such as bus connection can be used. The above-mentioned components or modules can be implemented by hardware facilities such as processors, memories, transmitters, and receivers; the implementation of this application is not limited to this.

[0304] As can be seen from the above embodiment, the terminal device monitors the first signal and receives the first information at the first frequency, and transmits the second information and / or receives the third information based on the first information from the network device. This enables accurate and reliable data transmission and reception between the low-cost device and the network device, effectively reducing the complexity and cost of the terminal device.

[0305] Embodiments of the fourth aspect

[0306] The present application provides a data transceiver device. The device may be, for example, a network device, an intermediate node, or an auxiliary node, or may be one or more components or assemblies configured on the network device, the intermediate node, or the auxiliary node. The contents identical to those in the first to third aspects of the present application are not further described.

[0307] FIG32 is another schematic diagram of a data transceiver device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG32 , the data transceiver device 3200 includes:

[0308] A sending unit 3201 is configured to send a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal is used at least for timing and / or time synchronization of a terminal device;

[0309] The sending unit 3201 sends first information at the first frequency, and the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at the second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, and the second information is carried by the signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering the first waveform or the signal generated autonomously by the terminal device.

[0310] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG32 , the data transceiver device 3200 may further include:

[0311] The receiving unit 3202 receives the second information; and / or the sending unit 3201 sends the third information.

[0312] The above embodiments are merely exemplary of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Appropriate modifications may be made based on the above embodiments. For example, the above embodiments may be used alone, or one or more of the above embodiments may be combined.

[0313] It is worth noting that the above description only describes the components or modules related to the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto. The data transceiver 3200 may also include other components or modules. For the specific contents of these components or modules, reference may be made to the relevant art.

[0314] In addition, for the sake of simplicity, FIG32 only illustrates the connection relationship or signal direction between various components or modules. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that various related technologies such as bus connection can be used. The above-mentioned components or modules can be implemented by hardware facilities such as processors, memories, transmitters, and receivers; the implementation of this application is not limited to this.

[0315] As can be seen from the above embodiment, the terminal device monitors the first signal and receives the first information at the first frequency, and transmits the second information and / or receives the third information based on the first information from the network device. This enables accurate and reliable data transmission and reception between the low-cost device and the network device, effectively reducing the complexity and cost of the terminal device.

[0316] Embodiments of the fifth aspect

[0317] An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, and reference may be made to Figures 1 to 3 . The contents that are the same as those in the first to fourth embodiments will not be repeated.

[0318] In some embodiments, the communication system 100 may include at least:

[0319] A network device, which sends a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal is used at least for timing and / or time synchronization of a terminal device; sends first information at the first frequency, where the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at a second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, where the second information is carried by a signal formed by backscattering a first waveform by the terminal device or a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device;

[0320] A terminal device receives the first signal at the first frequency and receives the first information at the first frequency.

[0321] The embodiment of the present application also provides a terminal device, but the present application is not limited thereto and may also be other devices.

[0322] Figure 33 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 33, the terminal device 3300 may include a processor 3310 and a memory 3320. For example, the memory 3320 stores data and programs and is coupled to the processor 3310. It should be noted that this diagram is exemplary; other types of structures may be used to supplement or replace this structure to implement telecommunication functions or other functions.

[0323] For example, the processor 3310 can be configured to execute a program to implement the data transceiver method as described in the embodiment of the first aspect. For example, the processor 3310 can be configured to perform the following control: monitoring a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal is at least used for timing and / or time synchronization of a terminal device; receiving first information at the first frequency, where the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at a second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, where the second information is carried by a signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering of a first waveform or a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.

[0324] As shown in FIG33 , the terminal device 3300 may further include a communication module 3330 and may or may not include a power supply. It is worth noting that the terminal device 3300 does not necessarily include all of the components shown in FIG33 , and the aforementioned components are not essential. Furthermore, the terminal device 3300 may also include components not shown in FIG33 , for which reference may be made to the prior art.

[0325] An embodiment of the present application further provides a network device, which may be, for example, a base station, but the present application is not limited thereto and may also be other network devices.

[0326] Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 34, network device 3400 may include a processor 3410 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU)) and a memory 3420; the memory 3420 is coupled to the processor 3410. The memory 3420 may store various data and may also store an information processing program 3430, which is executed under the control of the processor 3410.

[0327] For example, the processor 3410 may be configured to execute a program to implement the data transceiver method as described in the embodiment of the second aspect. For example, the processor 3410 may be configured to perform the following control: sending a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal is at least used for timing and / or time synchronization of a terminal device; sending first information at the first frequency, where the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at a second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, where the second information is carried by a signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering of the first waveform or a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.

[0328] In addition, as shown in Figure 34, network device 3400 may also include: a transceiver 3440 and an antenna 3450; wherein, the functions of the above components are similar to those in the prior art and are not further described here. It is worth noting that network device 3400 does not necessarily include all the components shown in Figure 34; in addition, network device 3400 may also include components not shown in Figure 34, and reference may be made to the prior art.

[0329] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program, wherein when the program is executed in a terminal device, the program enables the terminal device to execute the data sending and receiving method described in the embodiment of the first aspect.

[0330] An embodiment of the present application also provides a storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program enables a terminal device to execute the data sending and receiving method described in the embodiment of the first aspect.

[0331] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program, wherein when the program is executed in a network device, the program causes the network device to execute the data sending and receiving method described in the embodiment of the second aspect.

[0332] An embodiment of the present application also provides a storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program enables a network device to execute the data sending and receiving method described in the embodiment of the second aspect.

[0333] The above devices and methods of the present application can be implemented by hardware or by a combination of hardware and software. The present application relates to such a computer-readable program that, when executed by a logic component, enables the logic component to implement the devices or components described above, or enables the logic component to implement the various methods or steps described above. The present application also relates to a storage medium for storing the above program, such as a hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a DVD, a flash memory, etc.

[0334] The method / device described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. For example, one or more of the functional block diagrams shown in the figure and / or one or more combinations of functional block diagrams can correspond to various software modules of the computer program flow or to various hardware modules. These software modules can respectively correspond to the various steps shown in the figure. These hardware modules can be implemented by solidifying these software modules, for example, using a field programmable gate array (FPGA).

[0335] The software module may be located in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. A storage medium may be coupled to a processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium; or the storage medium may be an integral part of the processor. The processor and the storage medium may be located in an ASIC. The software module may be stored in the memory of the mobile terminal or in a memory card that can be inserted into the mobile terminal. For example, if the device (such as a mobile terminal) uses a large-capacity MEGA-SIM card or a large-capacity flash memory device, the software module may be stored in the MEGA-SIM card or the large-capacity flash memory device.

[0336] One or more of the functional blocks and / or one or more combinations of functional blocks described in the accompanying drawings may be implemented as a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or any appropriate combination thereof for performing the functions described in this application. One or more of the functional blocks and / or one or more combinations of functional blocks described in the accompanying drawings may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in communication with a DSP, or any other such configuration.

[0337] The present application has been described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art should understand that these descriptions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present application based on the spirit and principles of the present application, and such modifications and variations are also within the scope of the present application.

[0338] Regarding the implementation methods including the above embodiments, the following additional notes are also disclosed:

[0339] 1. A data transmitting and receiving method, comprising:

[0340] The terminal device monitors a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal is used at least for timing and / or time synchronization of the terminal device;

[0341] The terminal device receives first information at the first frequency, and the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at the second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, and the second information is carried by the signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering the first waveform or the signal generated autonomously by the terminal device.

[0342] 2. A data transmitting and receiving method, comprising:

[0343] The network device sends a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal is used at least for timing and / or time synchronization of the terminal device;

[0344] The network device sends first information at the first frequency, and the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at the second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, and the second information is carried by the signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering the first waveform or the signal generated autonomously by the terminal device.

[0345] 3. A terminal device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program to implement the data sending and receiving method as described in Note 1.

[0346] 4. A network device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program to implement the data sending and receiving method as described in Note 2.

[0347] 5. A computer program product, comprising at least a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the terminal device executes the data sending and receiving method as described in Note 1.

[0348] 6. A computer program product, comprising at least a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the network device executes the data sending and receiving method as described in Note 2.

Claims

1. A data transceiver device, comprising: a receiving unit configured to monitor a first signal at a first frequency, wherein the first signal is used at least for timing and / or time synchronization of a terminal device; The receiving unit receives first information at the first frequency, and the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at the second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, and the second information is carried by the signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering the first waveform or the signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein The first signal comprises more than one sub-signal; The first signal is at least one of the following: a pilot signal, a pilot signal, a synchronization signal, and a preamble signal.

3. The device according to claim 2, wherein The more than one sub-signal is sent periodically through a broadcast message, or the more than one sub-signal is sent aperiodically through a broadcast message, or the more than one sub-signal is sent semi-persistently through a broadcast message; The terminal device is capable of distinguishing different sub-signals in the first signal, or the terminal device is unable to distinguish different sub-signals in the first signal.

4. The device according to claim 2, wherein The sub-signal is at least used for timing and / or timing reference of the terminal device; The sub-signal is used as a reference for the terminal device to confirm the start and / or end of a time unit.

5. The device according to claim 4, wherein N time units after the sub-signal are determined to be a time range with accurate timing; After monitoring the first signal, the terminal device determines to receive, or is ready to receive / monitor, the first information; Alternatively, after monitoring the first signal, the terminal device determines that the first information will be received within the N time units.

6. The device according to claim 4, wherein The starting edge and / or ending edge of the sub-signal is used as the reference; The time length occupied by the sub-signal is equal to one time unit, or the time length occupied by the sub-signal is greater than one time unit, or the time length occupied by the sub-signal is less than one time unit; The time unit is at least one of the following: symbol, time slot, subframe, frame, mini-slot, and non-time slot.

7. The device according to claim 2, wherein At least two of the more than one sub-signals have different formats, or the more than one sub-signals have the same format; The signal waveforms and / or the time domain symbols contained in the at least two sub-signals differ in at least one of the following: The length of the symbol in the time domain; The distribution of the symbol high level during the symbol duration; The distribution of the low level of the symbol during the duration of the symbol; The distribution of high and low levels within the symbol pattern / symbol duration; The ratio of high level to low level in the symbol.

8. The device according to claim 2, wherein The first information is located temporally after a target sub-signal of the first signal, the target sub-signal being one of the more than one sub-signals; The target sub-signal and the first information are temporally continuous, or the target sub-signal and the first information are temporally discontinuous.

9. The device according to claim 8, wherein The first information is related to the target sub-signal, and / or the target sub-signal is a precursor to the first information; Alternatively, the first information is unrelated to the target sub-signal, and / or the terminal device receives a preamble of the first information before receiving the first information.

10. The device according to claim 8, wherein The first information is dedicated information sent by the network device to the terminal device, or the first information is public information sent by the network device to a group of terminal devices including the terminal device; The first information is carried by a downlink control channel and / or a downlink data channel.

11. The device according to claim 8, wherein The target sub-signal is at least used for the terminal device to perform timing and / or time synchronization so as to receive / demodulate / decode the first information; The first information is at least further used to indicate: a second time domain resource used or capable of being used for the second information, and / or a third time domain resource used or capable of being used for the third information.

12. The device according to claim 11, wherein The indication information of the second time domain resource and / or the indication information of the third time domain resource includes at least one of the following: the start of the time domain resource, the duration of the time domain resource, and the end of the time domain resource.

13. The device according to claim 12, wherein The reference of the start of the time domain resource and / or the end of the time domain resource includes at least one of the following: The last time unit of the time domain resource where the first information is located / the end position of the first information; The first time unit of the time domain resource where the first information is located / the starting position of the first information; the target sub-signal; The first sub-signal of the first signal.

14. The device according to claim 13, wherein The start of the time domain resource and / or the end of the time domain resource is an offset relative to the reference.

15. The device according to claim 13, wherein The start of the time domain resource and / or the end of the time domain resource is: k time units, or s sub-signals, or, s sub-signals and k time units.

16. The device according to claim 12, wherein The duration of the time domain resource is m sub-signals and / or n time units.

17. The device according to claim 11, wherein The second information is sent without channel coding and / or modulation, or the second information is sent with channel coding and / or modulation; And / or, the third information is sent without channel coding and / or modulation.

18. The device according to claim 11, wherein The first information is further used to at least indicate: a second frequency resource used or capable of being used for the second information, and / or a third frequency resource used or capable of being used for the third information.

19. A data transceiver device, comprising: A sending unit, configured to send a first signal at a first frequency, wherein the first signal is at least used for timing and / or time synchronization of a terminal device; The sending unit sends first information at the first frequency, and the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at the second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, and the second information is carried by the signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering the first waveform or the signal generated autonomously by the terminal device.

20. A communication system comprising: A network device, which sends a first signal at a first frequency, wherein the first signal is used at least for timing and / or time synchronization of a terminal device; Sending first information at the first frequency, where the first information is used to instruct the terminal device to send second information at the second frequency and / or receive third information at the first frequency, where the second information is carried by a signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering the first waveform or a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device; A terminal device receives the first signal at the first frequency and receives the first information at the first frequency.

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