Composite sensing reference signal

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receive configuration information indicating a composite sensing reference signal (S-RS) pattern. The composite S-RS pattern may include an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values. The first set of S-RS symbols may be interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern. The UE may transmit S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

COMPOSITE SENSING REFERENCE SIGNALCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This Patent Application claims priority to Greece Patent Application No. 20240100089, filed on February 9, 2024, entitled “COMPOSITE SENSING REFERENCE SIGNAL,” and assigned to the assignee hereof. The disclosure of the prior Application is considered part of and is incorporated by reference into this Patent Application.FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0002] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and specifically relate to techniques, apparatuses, and methods for a composite sensing reference signal.BACKGROUND

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various services that may include carrying voice, text, messaging, video, data, and / or other traffic. The services may include unicast, multicast, and / or broadcast services, among other examples. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access radio access technologies (RATs) capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (for example, time domain resources, frequency domain resources, spatial domain resources, and / or device transmit power, among other examples). Examples of such multiple-access RATs include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0004] The above multiple-access RATs have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide common protocols that enable different wireless communication devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, or global level. An example telecommunication standard is New Radio (NR). NR, which may also be referred to as 5G, is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). NR (and other mobile broadband evolutions beyond NR) may be designed to better support Internet of things (loT) and reduced capability device deployments, industrial connectivity, millimeter wave (mmWave) expansion, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployment, sidelink and other device-to-device direct communication technologies (for example, cellular vehicle-to-everything (CV2X) communication), massive multiple -input multiple -output (MIMO), disaggregated network architectures and networktopology expansions, multiple-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, and / or radio frequency (RF) sensing, among other examples. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, further improvements in NR may be implemented, and other radio access technologies such as 6G may be introduced, to further advance mobile broadband evolution.SUMMARY

[0005] Some aspects described herein relate to a user equipment (UE) for wireless communication. The UE may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to receive configuration information indicating a composite sensing reference signal (S-RS) pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern. The one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to transmit S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S- RS pattern.

[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to a UE for wireless communication. The UE may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to receive configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S- RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern. The one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to detect S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a network node for wireless communication. The network node may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to cause the network node to transmit, to a UE, configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RSsymbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a UE. The method may include receiving configuration information indicating a S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern. The method may include transmitting S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S- RS pattern.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a UE. The method may include receiving configuration information indicating a composite S- RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern. The method may include detecting S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include transmitting, to a UE, configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to receive configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern.The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to transmit S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to receive configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to detect S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a network node. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to transmit, to a UE, configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern.

[0014] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving configuration information indicating a composite S- RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern. The apparatus may include means for transmitting S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0015] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving configuration information indicating a composite S- RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbolsassociated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern. The apparatus may include means for detecting S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0016] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for transmitting, to a UE, configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern. The apparatus may include at least one of means for detecting the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern, or means for transmitting S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0017] Aspects of the present disclosure may generally be implemented by or as a method, apparatus, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, network node, network entity, wireless communication device, and / or processing system as substantially described with reference to, and as illustrated by, the specification and accompanying drawings.

[0018] The foregoing paragraphs of this section have broadly summarized some aspects of the present disclosure. These and additional aspects and associated advantages will be described hereinafter. The disclosed aspects may be used as a basis for modifying or designing other aspects for carrying out the same or similar purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent aspects do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the aspects disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages, will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The appended drawings illustrate some aspects of the present disclosure, but are not limiting of the scope of the present disclosure because the description may enable other aspects. Each of the drawings is provided for purposes of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims. The same or similar reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0020] Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0021] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example network node in communication with an example user equipment (UE) in a wireless network in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0022] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0023] Figs. 4A-4B are diagrams illustrating an example of sensing on uplink resources, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0024] Figs. 5A-5B are diagrams illustrating an example associated with a composite sensing reference signal (S-RS), in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0025] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example associated with bistatic sensing using a composite S-RS, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0026] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0027] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0028] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0029] Fig. 10 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0030] Fig. 11 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, aspects of the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and is not to be construed as limited to any specific aspect illustrated by or described with reference to an accompanying drawing or otherwise presented in this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. One skilled in the art may appreciate that the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using various combinations or quantities of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover an apparatus having, or a method that is practiced using, other structures and / or functionalities in addition to or other than the structures and / or functionalitieswith which various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein may be practiced. Any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

[0032] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques. These methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively referred to as “elements”). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0033] In some examples, a user equipment (UE) may perform joint sensing and communication. For example, a jointly designed sensing and communication system (e.g., a codesignjoint communication and radar (JCR) system) for an automotive or vehicular use case may reduce hardware costs, as opposed to separate communication and sensing systems. In such a joint sensing and communication system, a vehicle’s communication system (e.g., a vehicle UE) may transmit signals for sensing as well as signals for communication. For example, the vehicle’s communication system (e.g., the vehicle UE) may transmit sensing signals to detect objects in a vicinity of the vehicle by detecting echos of the sensing signals in a monostatic sensing operation. In some examples, for increased synergy between the communication and sensing operations, the vehicle’s communication system (e.g., the vehicle UE) may transmit the sensing signals in a millimeter wave (mmWave) band that was designated for cellular communication but is currently underutilized.

[0034] A UE (e.g., a vehicle UE) that performs joint sensing and communication may perform the sensing on uplink resources. That is, the UE may transmit a sensing signal in dedicated uplink resources of a wireless communication network (e.g., a cellular system). The sensing signal may use the same waveform as is used for communications in the wireless communication network (e.g., cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM)), or the sensing signal may use a different waveform from the waveform used for communications in the wireless communication network. In some examples, a sensing reference signal (S-RS) may be specified as the sensing signal to meet various sensing service requirements. Resources (e.g., uplink resources) used for the S-RS transmission may be configured or allocated by a network node. The sensing resource overhead may depend on the sensing service requirements. For example, the S-RS transmission bandwidth and duration need to be large enough for a desired range and velocity resolution. In some examples, beam-sweeping for S-RS transmission may be used to achieve a desired angular resolution. This may result in a high resource overhead for applications with high range, velocity, and / or angle resolution requirements, which may increase latency forsensing operations, as well as cause decreased throughput and / or increased latency for communications in the wireless communication network.

[0035] In some examples, two-stage sensing may be used to reduce the S-RS resource overhead. In two-stage sensing, the sensing may be performed in a scanning stage (e.g., a first stage) for identifying the presence of potential targets (e.g., objects), followed by a tracking stage (e.g., a second stage) for meeting target Doppler detection requirements. Separate S-RSs (e.g., a first stage S-RS and a second stage S-RS) may be used for the two stages. The first stage S-RS may be configured with denser S-RS symbols (e.g., a smaller symbol interval) for maximum velocity estimation, and configured with a smaller duration for a relaxed velocity resolution. The second stage S-RS may be configured with sparser S-RS symbols (e.g., a larger symbol interval) to reduce overhead, and configured with a longer duration to achieve a desired / target velocity resolution. In the frequency domain, the first stage S-RS may be configured with a smaller bandwidth (e.g., a denser resource element (RE) spacing), and the second stage S-RS may be configured with a larger bandwidth. The Doppler estimates from the two stages may be fused to meet both maximum velocity and velocity resolution sensing service requirements (e.g., for automotive / vehicular sensing). The two-stage sensing may be used in monostatic sensing, in which a UE transmits and detects the first and second stage S-RSs, and / or bistatic sensing, in which the UE transmits the first and second stage S-RSs and another device (e.g., a network node or another UE) detects the first and second stage S-RSs, or the UE detects the first and second stage S-RSs transmitted by another device (e.g., a network node or another UE). Although the two-stage sensing reduces S-RS resource overhead as compared with single-stage sensing, the two-stage sensing may still have a large resource overhead that may increase latency for sensing operations and / or cause increased latency and / or decreased throughput for communications in the wireless communication network.

[0036] Various aspects relate generally to a composite S-RS. Some aspects more specifically relate to a composite S-RS with interleaved resources for transmitting S-RSs with different characteristics. In some aspects, a UE may receive configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern. The composite S-RS pattern may include an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values. The first set of S-RS symbols may be interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern. That is, at least one symbol of the first set of S-RS symbols may be between two symbols of the second set of S-RS symbols. The second set of parameter values may have at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values. For example, the first set of parameter values may configure the first set of S-RS symbols for S-RS transmissions with characteristics similar to the first stage S-RS in the two-stage sensing, and the second set of parameters may configure the second set of S-RS symbols for S-RS transmissions with characteristics similar to the secondstage S-RS in the two-stage sensing. In some aspects, the UE may transmit S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern. In some aspects, the UE may detect S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern. In some aspects, the UE may transmit S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and second set of S-RS symbols, and the UE may detect the S-RSs to sense one or more targets based on the first stage S-RS and the second stage S-RS. In some examples, one or more symbols of the first set of symbols overlap with one or more symbols of the second set of symbols.

[0037] Particular aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, by configuring a composite S-RS pattern including an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values, the described techniques can be used to achieve an effect of two-stage sensing and thus reduce the sensing resource overhead, as compared with single-stage sensing. In some examples, by configuring a composite S-RS pattern in which the first set of S-RS symbols that are associated with the first set of parameter values are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols that are associated with the second set of parameter values, the described techniques can be used to reduce the sensing latency, as compared with two -stage sensing in which the first and second stages are performed sequentially. In some examples, by configuring a composite S-RS pattern in which one or more symbols of the first set of symbols overlap with one or more symbols of the second set of symbols, the described techniques can be used to further reduce sensing resource overhead, as compared with two -stage sensing in which the first and second stages are performed sequentially.

[0038] Multiple-access radio access technologies (RATs) have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide common protocols that enable wireless communication devices to communicate on a municipal, enterprise, national, regional, or global level. For example, 5G New Radio (NR) is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). 5G NR supports various technologies and use cases including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), mmWave technology, beamforming, network slicing, edge computing, Internet of Things (loT) connectivity and management, and network function virtualization (NFV).

[0039] As the demand for broadband access increases and as technologies supported by wireless communication networks evolve, further technological improvements may be adopted in or implemented for 5G NR or future RATs, such as 6G, to further advance the evolution of wireless communication for a wide variety of existing and new use cases and applications. Suchtechnological improvements may be associated with new frequency band expansion, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, overlapping spectrum use, small cell deployments, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, disaggregated network architectures and network topology expansion, device aggregation, advanced duplex communication, sidelink and other device-to- device direct communication, loT (including passive or ambient loT) networks, reduced capability (RedCap) UE functionality, industrial connectivity, multiple-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, radio frequency (RF) sensing, and / or artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML), among other examples. These technological improvements may support use cases such as wireless backhauls, wireless data centers, extended reality (XR) and metaverse applications, meta services for supporting vehicle connectivity, holographic and mixed reality communication, autonomous and collaborative robots, vehicle platooning and cooperative maneuvering, sensing networks, gesture monitoring, human-brain interfacing, digital twin applications, asset management, and universal coverage applications using non-terrestrial and / or aerial platforms, among other examples. The methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques described herein may enable one or more of the foregoing technologies and / or support one or more of the foregoing use cases.

[0040] Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network 100 in accordance with the present disclosure. The wireless communication network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (or NR) network or a 6G network, among other examples. The wireless communication network 100 may include multiple network nodes 110, shown as a network node (NN) 110a, a network node 110b, a network node 110c, and a network node 1 lOd. The network nodes 110 may support communications with multiple UEs 120, shown as a UE 120a, a UE 120b, a UE 120c, a UE 120d, and a UE 120e.

[0041] The network nodes 110 and the UEs 120 of the wireless communication network 100 may communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided by frequency or wavelength into various classes, bands, carriers, and / or channels. For example, devices of the wireless communication network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands. In some aspects, multiple wireless networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless communication network 100 may support a particular RAT (which may also be referred to as an air interface) and may operate on one or more carrier frequencies in one or more frequency ranges. Examples of RATs include a 4G RAT, a 5G / NR RAT, and / or a 6G RAT, among other examples. In some examples, when multiple RATs are deployed in a given geographic area, each RAT in the geographic area may operate on different frequencies to avoid interference with one another.

[0042] Various operating bands have been defined as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz through 7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz through 52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz through 24.25GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz through 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz through 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz through 300 GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “Sub-6 GHz” band in some documents and articles. Similarly, FR2 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in some documents and articles, despite being different than the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz through 300 GHz), which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band. The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies, which include FR3. Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. Thus, “sub-6 GHz,” if used herein, may broadly refer to frequencies that are less than 6 GHz, that are within FR1, and / or that are included in mid -band frequencies. Similarly, the term “millimeter wave,” if used herein, may broadly refer to frequencies that are included in mid-band frequencies, that are within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, or FR5, and / or that are within the EHF band. Higher frequency bands may extend 5G NR operation, 6G operation, and / or other RATs beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, each of FR4a, FR4- 1, FR4, and FR5 falls within the EHF band. In some examples, the wireless communication network 100 may implement dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS), in which multiple RATs (for example, 4G / LTE and 5G / NR) are implemented with dynamic bandwidth allocation (for example, based on user demand) in a single frequency band. It is contemplated that the frequencies included in these operating bands (for example, FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) may be modified, and techniques described herein may be applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0043] A network node 110 may include one or more devices, components, or systems that enable communication between a UE 120 and one or more devices, components, or systems of the wireless communication network 100. A network node 110 may be, may include, or may also be referred to as an NR network node, a 5G network node, a 6G network node, a Node B, an eNB, a gNB, an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a mobility element, a core, a network entity, a network element, a network equipment, and / or another type of device, component, or system included in a radio access network (RAN).

[0044] A network node 110 may be implemented as a single physical node (for example, a single physical structure) or may be implemented as two or more physical nodes (for example, two or more distinct physical structures). For example, a network node 110 may be a device or system that implements part of a radio protocol stack, a device or system that implements a full radio protocol stack (such as a full gNB protocol stack), or a collection of devices or systems that collectively implement the full radio protocol stack. For example, and as shown, a network node 110 may be an aggregated network node (having an aggregated architecture), meaning that the network node 110 may implement a full radio protocol stack that is physically and logicallyintegrated within a single node (for example, a single physical structure) in the wireless communication network 100. For example, an aggregated network node 110 may consist of a single standalone base station or a single TRP that uses a full radio protocol stack to enable or facilitate communication between a UE 120 and a core network of the wireless communication network 100.

[0045] Alternatively, and as also shown, a network node 110 may be a disaggregated network node (sometimes referred to as a disaggregated base station), meaning that the network node 110 may implement a radio protocol stack that is physically distributed and / or logically distributed among two or more nodes in the same geographic location or in different geographic locations. For example, a disaggregated network node may have a disaggregated architecture. In some deployments, disaggregated network nodes 110 may be used in an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, in an open radio access network (O-RAN) (such as a network configuration in compliance with the O-RAN Alliance), or in a virtualized radio access network (vRAN), also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN), to facilitate scaling by separating base station functionality into multiple units that can be individually deployed.

[0046] The network nodes 110 of the wireless communication network 100 may include one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), and / or one or more radio units (RUs). A CU may host one or more higher layer control functions, such as radio resource control (RRC) functions, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions, and / or service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) functions, among other examples. A DU may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and / or one or more higher physical (PHY) layers depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as a functional split defined by the 3GPP. In some examples, a DU also may host one or more lower PHY layer functions, such as a fast Fourier transform (FFT), an inverse FFT (iFFT), beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, and / or scheduling of resources for one or more UEs 120, among other examples. An RU may host RF processing functions or lower PHY layer functions, such as an FFT, an iFFT, beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, among other examples, according to a functional split, such as a lower layer functional split. In such an architecture, each RU can be operated to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 120.

[0047] In some aspects, a single network node 110 may include a combination of one or more CUs, one or more DUs, and / or one or more RUs. Additionally or alternatively, a network node 110 may include one or more Near-Real Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controllers (RICs) and / or one or more Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RICs. In some examples, a CU, a DU, and / or an RU may be implemented as a virtual unit, such as a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtualdistributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU), among other examples. A virtual unit may be implemented as a virtual network function, such as associated with a cloud deployment.

[0048] Some network nodes 110 (for example, a base station, an RU, or a TRP) may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the 3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a network node 110 or to a network node 110 itself, depending on the context in which the term is used. A network node 110 may support one or multiple (for example, three) cells. In some examples, a network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (for example, several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (for example, a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 having association with the femto cell (for example, UEs 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A network node 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. A network node 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico network node. A network node 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto network node or an in- home network node. In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary. For example, the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of an associated mobile network node 110 (for example, a train, a satellite base station, an unmanned aerial vehicle, or an NTN network node).

[0049] The wireless communication network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes network nodes 110 of different types, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, aggregated network nodes, and / or disaggregated network nodes, among other examples. In the example shown in Fig. 1, the network node 110a may be a macro network node for a macro cell 130a, the network node 110b may be a pico network node for a pico cell 130b, and the network node 110c may be a femto network node for a femto cell 130c.Various different types of network nodes 110 may generally transmit at different power levels, serve different coverage areas, and / or have different impacts on interference in the wireless communication network 100 than other types of network nodes 110. For example, macro network nodes may have a high transmit power level (for example, 5 to 40 watts), whereas pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (for example, 0. 1 to 2 watts).

[0050] In some examples, a network node 110 may be, may include, or may operate as an RU, a TRP, or a base station that communicates with one or more UEs 120 via a radio access link (which may be referred to as a “Uu” link). The radio access link may include a downlink and an uplink. “Downlink” (or “DL”) refers to a communication direction from a network node 110 to aUE 120, and “uplink” (or “UL”) refers to a communication direction from a UE 120 to a network node 110. Downlink channels may include one or more control channels and one or more data channels. A downlink control channel may be used to transmit downlink control information (DCI) (for example, scheduling information, reference signals, and / or configuration information) from a network node 110 to a UE 120. A downlink data channel may be used to transmit downlink data (for example, user data associated with a UE 120) from a network node 110 to a UE 120. Downlink control channels may include one or more physical downlink control channels (PDCCHs), and downlink data channels may include one or more physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs). Uplink channels may similarly include one or more control channels and one or more data channels. An uplink control channel may be used to transmit uplink control information (UCI) (for example, reference signals and / or feedback corresponding to one or more downlink transmissions) from a UE 120 to a network node 110. An uplink data channel may be used to transmit uplink data (for example, user data associated with a UE 120) from a UE 120 to a network node 110. Uplink control channels may include one or more physical uplink control channels (PUCCHs), and uplink data channels may include one or more physical uplink shared channels (PUSCHs). The downlink and the uplink may each include a set of resources on which the network node 110 and the UE 120 may communicate.

[0051] Downlink and uplink resources may include time domain resources (frames, subframes, slots, and / or symbols), frequency domain resources (frequency bands, component carriers, subcarriers, resource blocks, and / or resource elements), and / or spatial domain resources (particular transmit directions and / or beam parameters). Frequency domain resources of some bands may be subdivided into bandwidth parts (BWPs). A BWP may be a continuous block of frequency domain resources (for example, a continuous block of resource blocks) that are allocated for one or more UEs 120. A UE 120 may be configured with both an uplink BWP and a downlink BWP (where the uplink BWP and the downlink BWP may be the same BWP or different BWPs). A BWP may be dynamically configured (for example, by a network node 110 transmitting a DCI configuration to the one or more UEs 120) and / or reconfigured, which means that a BWP can be adjusted in real-time (or near-real-time) based on changing network conditions in the wireless communication network 100 and / or based on the specific requirements of the one or more UEs 120. This enables more efficient use of the available frequency domain resources in the wireless communication network 100 because fewer frequency domain resources may be allocated to a BWP for a UE 120 (which may reduce the quantity of frequency domain resources that a UE 120 is required to monitor), leaving more frequency domain resources to be spread across multiple UEs 120. Thus, BWPs may also assist in the implementation of lower-capability UEs 120 by facilitating the configuration of smaller bandwidths for communication by such UEs 120.

[0052] As described above, in some aspects, the wireless communication network 100 may be, may include, or may be included in, an IAB network. In an IAB network, at least one network node 110 is an anchor network node that communicates with a core network. An anchor network node 110 may also be referred to as an IAB donor (or “lAB-donor”). The anchor network node 110 may connect to the core network via a wired backhaul link. For example, an Ng interface of the anchor network node 110 may terminate at the core network. Additionally or alternatively, an anchor network node 110 may connect to one or more devices of the core network that provide a core access and mobility management function (AMF). An IAB network also generally includes multiple non-anchor network nodes 110, which may also be referred to as relay network nodes or simply as IAB nodes (or “lAB-nodes”). Each non-anchor network node 110 may communicate directly with the anchor network node 110 via a wireless backhaul link to access the core network, or may communicate indirectly with the anchor network node 110 via one or more other non-anchor network nodes 110 and associated wireless backhaul links that form a backhaul path to the core network. Some anchor network node 110 or other non-anchor network node 110 may also communicate directly with one or more UEs 120 via wireless access links that carry access traffic. In some examples, network resources for wireless communication (such as time resources, frequency resources, and / or spatial resources) may be shared between access links and backhaul links.

[0053] In some examples, any network node 110 that relays communications may be referred to as a relay network node, a relay station, or simply as a relay. A relay may receive a transmission of a communication from an upstream station (for example, another network node 110 or a UE 120) and transmit the communication to a downstream station (for example, a UE 120 or another network node 110). In this case, the wireless communication network 100 may include or be referred to as a “multi-hop network.” In the example shown in Fig. 1, the network node 1 lOd (for example, a relay network node) may communicate with the network node 110a (for example, a macro network node) and the UE 120d in order to facilitate communication between the network node 110a and the UE 120d. Additionally or alternatively, a UE 120 may be or may operate as a relay station that can relay transmissions to or from other UEs 120. A UE 120 that relays communications may be referred to as a UE relay or a relay UE, among other examples.

[0054] The UEs 120 may be physically dispersed throughout the wireless communication network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. A UE 120 may be, may include, or may be included in an access terminal, another terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit. A UE 120 may be, include, or be coupled with a cellular phone (for example, a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, acamera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (for example, a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, and / or smart jewelry, such as a smart ring or a smart bracelet), an entertainment device (for example, a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio), an XR device, a vehicular component or sensor, a smart meter or sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) device (such as a Global Positioning System device or another type of positioning device), a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device or function that may communicate via a wireless medium.

[0055] A UE 120 and / or a network node 110 may include one or more chips, system-on-chips (SoCs), chipsets, packages, or devices that individually or collectively constitute or comprise a processing system. The processing system includes processor (or “processing”) circuitry in the form of one or multiple processors, microprocessors, processing units (such as central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), neural processing units (NPUs) and / or digital signal processors (DSPs)), processing blocks, application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), programmable logic devices (PLDs) (such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)), or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry (all of which may be generally referred to herein individually as “processors” or collectively as “the processor” or “the processor circuitry”). One or more of the processors may be individually or collectively configurable or configured to perform various functions or operations described herein. A group of processors collectively configurable or configured to perform a set of functions may include a first processor configurable or configured to perform a first function of the set and a second processor configurable or configured to perform a second function of the set, or may include the group of processors all being configured or configurable to perform the set of functions.

[0056] The processing system may further include memory circuitry in the form of one or more memory devices, memory blocks, memory elements or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry, each of which may include tangible storage media such as random-access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM), or combinations thereof (all of which may be generally referred to herein individually as “memories” or collectively as “the memory” or “the memory circuitry”). One or more of the memories may be coupled (for example, operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, or electrically coupled) with one or more of the processors and may individually or collectively store processor-executable code (such as software) that, when executed by one or more of the processors, may configure one or more of the processors to perform various functions or operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, one or more of the processors may be preconfigured to perform various functions or operations described herein without requiring configuration by software. The processing system may further include or be coupled with one or more modems (such as a Wi-Fi (for example, IEEE compliant) modem or a cellular (for example, 3 GPP 4G LTE, 5G, or 6Gcompliant) modem). In some implementations, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more of the modems. The processing system may further include or be coupled with multiple radios (collectively “the radio”), multiple RF chains, or multiple transceivers, each of which may in turn be coupled with one or more of multiple antennas. In some implementations, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more of the radios, RF chains or transceivers. The UE 120 may include or may be included in a housing that houses components associated with the UE 120 including the processing system.

[0057] Some UEs 120 may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) UEs, evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC), UEs, further enhanced eMTC (feMTC) UEs, or enhanced feMTC (efeMTC) UEs, or further evolutions thereof, all of which may be simply referred to as “MTC UEs”). An MTC UE may be, may include, or may be included in or coupled with a robot, an uncrewed aerial vehicle, a remote device, a sensor, a meter, a monitor, and / or a location tag. Some UEs 120 may be considered loT devices and / or may be implemented as NB- loT (narrowband loT) devices. An loT UE or NB-IoT device may be, may include, or may be included in or coupled with an industrial machine, an appliance, a refrigerator, a doorbell camera device, a home automation device, and / or a light fixture, among other examples. Some UEs 120 may be considered Customer Premises Equipment, which may include telecommunications devices that are installed at a customer location (such as a home or office) to enable access to a service provider's network (such as included in or in communication with the wireless communication network 100).

[0058] Some UEs 120 may be classified according to different categories in association with different complexities and / or different capabilities. UEs 120 in a first category may facilitate massive loT in the wireless communication network 100, and may offer low complexity and / or cost relative to UEs 120 in a second category. UEs 120 in a second category may include mission-critical loT devices, legacy UEs, baseline UEs, high-tier UEs, advanced UEs, fullcapability UEs, and / or premium UEs that are capable of URLLC, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), and / or precise positioning in the wireless communication network 100, among other examples. A third category of UEs 120 may have mid-tier complexity and / or capability (for example, a capability between UEs 120 of the first category and UEs 120 of the second capability). A UE 120 of the third category may be referred to as a reduced capacity UE (“RedCap UE”), a mid-tier UE, an NR-Light UE, and / or an NR-Lite UE, among other examples. RedCap UEs may bridge a gap between the capability and complexity of NB-IoT devices and / or eMTC UEs, and mission-critical loT devices and / or premium UEs. RedCap UEs may include, for example, wearable devices, loT devices, industrial sensors, and / or cameras that are associated with a limited bandwidth, power capacity, and / or transmission range, among other examples. RedCap UEs may support healthcare environments, building automation, electricaldistribution, process automation, transport and logistics, and / or smart city deployments, among other examples.

[0059] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (for example, shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly with one another using sidelink communications (for example, without communicating by way of a network node 110 as an intermediary). As an example, the UE 120a may directly transmit data, control information, or other signaling as a side link communication to the UE 120e. This is in contrast to, for example, the UE 120a first transmitting data in an UL communication to a network node 110, which then transmits the data to the UE 120e in a DL communication. In various examples, the UEs 120 may transmit and receive sidelink communications using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication protocols, device-to-device (D2D) communication protocols, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication protocols (which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, and / or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols), and / or mesh network communication protocols. In some deployments and configurations, a network node 110 may schedule and / or allocate resources for sidelink communications between UEs 120 in the wireless communication network 100. In some other deployments and configurations, a UE 120 (instead of a network node 110) may perform, or collaborate or negotiate with one or more other UEs to perform, scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations for side link communications.

[0060] In various examples, some of the network nodes 110 and the UEs 120 of the wireless communication network 100 may be configured for full -duplex operation in addition to halfduplex operation. A network node 110 or a UE 120 operating in a half-duplex mode may perform only one of transmission or reception during particular time resources, such as during particular slots, symbols, or other time periods. Half-duplex operation may involve time-division duplexing (TDD), in which DL transmissions of the network node 110 and UL transmissions of the UE 120 do not occur in the same time resources (that is, the transmissions do not overlap in time). In contrast, a network node 110 or a UE 120 operating in a full-duplex mode can transmit and receive communications concurrently (for example, in the same time resources). By operating in a full-duplex mode, network nodes 110 and / or UEs 120 may generally increase the capacity of the network and the radio access link. In some examples, full-duplex operation may involve frequency-division duplexing (FDD), in which DL transmissions of the network node 110 are performed in a first frequency band or on a first component carrier and transmissions of the UE 120 are performed in a second frequency band or on a second component carrier different than the first frequency band or the first component carrier, respectively. In some examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for a UE 120 but not for a network node 110. For example, a UE 120 may simultaneously transmit an UL transmission to a first network node 110 and receive a DL transmission from a second network node 110 in the same time resources. In some other examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for a network node 110 but not for a UE 120.For example, a network node 110 may simultaneously transmit a DL transmission to a first UE 120 and receive an UL transmission from a second UE 120 in the same time resources. In some other examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for both a network node 110 and a UE 120.

[0061] In some examples, the UEs 120 and the network nodes 110 may perform MIMO communication. “MIMO” generally refers to transmitting or receiving multiple signals (such as multiple layers or multiple data streams) simultaneously over the same time and frequency resources. MIMO techniques generally exploit multipath propagation. MIMO may be implemented using various spatial processing or spatial multiplexing operations. In some examples, MIMO may support simultaneous transmission to multiple receivers, referred to as multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO). Some RATs may employ advanced MIMO techniques, such as mTRP operation (including redundant transmission or reception on multiple TRPs), reciprocity in the time domain or the frequency domain, single-frequency-network (SFN) transmission, or noncoherent joint transmission (NC-JT).

[0062] In some aspects, the UE 120 may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may receive configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern; and transmit S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0063] In some aspects, as described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may receive configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern; and detect S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0064] In some aspects, the network node 110 may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may transmit, to a UE, configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set ofparameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern. In some aspects, the communication manager 150 may detect S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern. In some aspects, the communication manager 150 may transmit S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S- RS pattern. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0065] As indicated above, Fig. 1 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 1.

[0066] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example network node 110 in communication with an example UE 120 in a wireless network in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0067] As shown in Fig. 2, the network node 110 may include a data source 212, a transmit processor 214, a transmit (TX) MIMO processor 216, a set of modems 232 (shown as 232a through 232t, where t > 1), a set of antennas 234 (shown as 234a through 234v, where v > 1), a MIMO detector 236, a receive processor 238, a data sink 239, a controller / processor 240, a memory 242, a communication unit 244, a scheduler 246, and / or a communication manager 150, among other examples. In some configurations, one or a combination of the antenna(s) 234, the modem(s) 232, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the transmit processor 214, and / or the TX MIMO processor 216 may be included in a transceiver of the network node 110. The transceiver may be under control of and used by one or more processors, such as the controller / processor 240, and in some aspects in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in the memory 242, to perform aspects of the methods, processes, and / or operations described herein. In some aspects, the network node 110 may include one or more interfaces, communication components, and / or other components that facilitate communication with the UE 120 or another network node.

[0068] The terms “processor,” “controller,” or “controller / processor” may refer to one or more controllers and / or one or more processors. For example, reference to “a / the processor,” “a / the controller / processor,” or the like (in the singular) should be understood to refer to any one or more of the processors described in connection with Fig. 2, such as a single processor or a combination of multiple different processors. Reference to “one or more processors” should be understood to refer to any one or more of the processors described in connection with Fig. 2. For example, one or more processors of the network node 110 may include transmit processor 214, TX MIMO processor 216, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, and / or controller / processor240. Similarly, one or more processors of the UE 120 may include MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, and / or controller / processor 280.

[0069] In some aspects, a single processor may perform all of the operations described as being performed by the one or more processors. In some aspects, a first set of (one or more) processors of the one or more processors may perform a first operation described as being performed by the one or more processors, and a second set of (one or more) processors of the one or more processors may perform a second operation described as being performed by the one or more processors. The first set of processors and the second set of processors may be the same set of processors or may be different sets of processors. Reference to “one or more memories” should be understood to refer to any one or more memories of a corresponding device, such as the memory described in connection with Fig. 2. For example, operation described as being performed by one or more memories can be performed by the same subset of the one or more memories or different subsets of the one or more memories.

[0070] For downlink communication from the network node 110 to the UE 120, the transmit processor 214 may receive data (“downlink data”) intended for the UE 120 (or a set of UEs that includes the UE 120) from the data source 212 (such as a data pipeline or a data queue). In some examples, the transmit processor 214 may select one or more MCSs for the UE 120 in accordance with one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE 120. The network node 110 may process the data (for example, including encoding the data) for transmission to the UE 120 on a downlink in accordance with the MCS(s) selected for the UE 120 to generate data symbols. The transmit processor 214 may process system information (for example, semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and / or control information (for example, CQI requests, grants, and / or upper layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and / or control symbols. The transmit processor 214 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (for example, a cellspecific reference signal (CRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), or a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS)) and / or synchronization signals (for example, a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signals (SSS)).

[0071] The TX MIMO processor 216 may perform spatial processing (for example, precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and / or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (for example, T output symbol streams) to the set of modems 232. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a respective modulator component (shown as MOD) of a modem 232. Each modem 232 may use the respective modulator component to process (for example, to modulate) a respective output symbol stream (for example, for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further use the respective modulator component to process (for example, convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output samplestream to obtain a time domain downlink signal. The modems 232a through 232t may together transmit a set of downlink signals (for example, T downlink signals) via the corresponding set of antennas 234.

[0072] A downlink signal may include a DCI communication, a MAC control element (MAC- CE) communication, an RRC communication, a downlink reference signal, or another type of downlink communication. Downlink signals may be transmitted on a PDCCH, a PDSCH, and / or on another downlink channel. A downlink signal may carry one or more transport blocks (TBs) of data. A TB may be a unit of data that is transmitted over an air interface in the wireless communication network 100. A data stream (for example, from the data source 212) may be encoded into multiple TBs for transmission over the air interface . The quantity of TBs used to carry the data associated with a particular data stream may be associated with a TB size common to the multiple TBs. The TB size may be based on or otherwise associated with radio channel conditions of the air interface, the MCS used for encoding the data, the downlink resources allocated for transmitting the data, and / or another parameter. In general, the larger the TB size, the greater the amount of data that can be transmitted in a single transmission, which reduces signaling overhead. However, larger TB sizes may be more prone to transmission and / or reception errors than smaller TB sizes, but such errors may be mitigated by more robust error correction techniques.

[0073] For uplink communication from the UE 120 to the network node 110, uplink signals from the UE 120 may be received by an antenna 234, may be processed by a modem 232 (for example, a demodulator component, shown as DEMOD, of a modem 232), may be detected by the MIMO detector 236 (for example, a receive (RX) MIMO processor) if applicable, and / or may be further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and / or control information. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 (which may be a data pipeline, a data queue, and / or another type of data sink) and provide the decoded control information to a processor, such as the controller / processor 240.

[0074] The network node 110 may use the scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink or uplink communications. In some aspects, the scheduler 246 may use DCI to dynamically schedule DL transmissions to the UE 120 and / or UL transmissions from the UE 120. In some examples, the scheduler 246 may allocate recurring time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources that the UE 120 may use to transmit and / or receive communications using an RRC configuration (for example, a semi-static configuration), for example, to perform semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) or to configure a configured grant (CG) for the UE 120.

[0075] One or more of the transmit processor 214, the TX MIMO processor 216, the modem 232, the antenna 234, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, and / or the controller / processor 240 may be included in an RF chain of the network node 110. An RF chainmay include one or more filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), and / or other devices that convert between an analog signal (such as for transmission or reception via an air interface) and a digital signal (such as for processing by one or more processors of the network node 110). In some aspects, the RF chain may be or may be included in a transceiver of the network node 110.

[0076] In some examples, the network node 110 may use the communication unit 244 to communicate with a core network and / or with other network nodes. The communication unit 244 may support wired and / or wireless communication protocols and / or connections, such as Ethernet, optical fiber, common public radio interface (CPRI), and / or a wired or wireless backhaul, among other examples. The network node 110 may use the communication unit 244 to transmit and / or receive data associated with the UE 120 or to perform network control signaling, among other examples. The communication unit 244 may include a transceiver and / or an interface, such as a network interface.

[0077] The UE 120 may include a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a through 252r, where r > 1), a set of modems 254 (shown as modems 254a through 254u, where u > 1), a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a data sink 260, a data source 262, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, a memory 282, and / or a communication manager 140, among other examples. One or more of the components of the UE 120 may be included in a housing 284. In some aspects, one or a combination of the antenna(s) 252, the modem(s) 254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmit processor 264, or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be included in a transceiver that is included in the UE 120. The transceiver may be under control of and used by one or more processors, such as the controller / processor 280, and in some aspects in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in the memory 282, to perform aspects of the methods, processes, or operations described herein. In some aspects, the UE 120 may include another interface, another communication component, and / or another component that facilitates communication with the network node 110 and / or another UE 120.

[0078] For downlink communication from the network node 110 to the UE 120, the set of antennas 252 may receive the downlink communications or signals from the network node 110 and may provide a set of received downlink signals (for example, R received signals) to the set of modems 254. For example, each received signal may be provided to a respective demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of a modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the respective demodulator component to condition (for example, filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may use the respective demodulator component to further demodulate or process the input samples (for example, for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. The MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the set of modems254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and may provide detected symbols. The receive processor 258 may process (for example, decode) the detected symbols, may provide decoded data for the UE 120 to the data sink 260 (which may include a data pipeline, a data queue, and / or an application executed on the UE 120), and may provide decoded control information and system information to the controller / processor 280.

[0079] For uplink communication from the UE 120 to the network node 110, the transmit processor 264 may receive and process data (“uplink data”) from a data source 262 (such as a data pipeline, a data queue, and / or an application executed on the UE 120) and control information from the controller / processor 280. The control information may include one or more parameters, feedback, one or more signal measurements, and / or other types of control information. In some aspects, the receive processor 258 and / or the controller / processor 280 may determine, for a received signal (such as received from the network node 110 or another UE), one or more parameters relating to transmission of the uplink communication. The one or more parameters may include a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RS SI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, a CQI parameter, or a transmit power control (TPC) parameter, among other examples. The control information may include an indication of the RSRP parameter, the RSSI parameter, the RSRQ parameter, the CQI parameter, the TPC parameter, and / or another parameter. The control information may facilitate parameter selection and / or scheduling for the UE 120 by the network node 110.

[0080] The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals, such as an uplink DMRS, an uplink sounding reference signal (SRS), and / or another type of reference signal. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by the TX MIMO processor 266, if applicable, and further processed by the set of modems 254 (for example, for discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) or CP-OFDM). The TX MIMO processor 266 may perform spatial processing (for example, precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and / or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (for example, U output symbol streams) to the set of modems 254. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a respective modulator component (shown as MOD) of a modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the respective modulator component to process (for example, to modulate) a respective output symbol stream (for example, for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 254 may further use the respective modulator component to process (for example, convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain an uplink signal.

[0081] The modems 254a through 254u may transmit a set of uplink signals (for example, R uplink signals or U uplink symbols) via the corresponding set of antennas 252. An uplink signalmay include a UCI communication, a MAC-CE communication, an RRC communication, or another type of uplink communication. Uplink signals may be transmitted on a PUSCH, a PUCCH, and / or another type of uplink channel. An uplink signal may carry one or more TBs of data. Sidelink data and control transmissions (that is, transmissions directly between two or more UEs 120) may generally use similar techniques as were described for uplink data and control transmission, and may use sidelink-specific channels such as a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), and / or a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH).

[0082] One or more antennas of the set of antennas 252 or the set of antennas 234 may include, or may be included within, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, or one or more antenna elements coupled with one or more transmission or reception components, such as one or more components of Fig. 2. As used herein, “antenna” can refer to one or more antennas, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays. “Antenna panel” can refer to a group of antennas (such as antenna elements) arranged in an array or panel, which may facilitate beamforming by manipulating parameters of the group of antennas. “Antenna module” may refer to circuitry including one or more antennas, which may also include one or more other components (such as fdters, amplifiers, or processors) associated with integrating the antenna module into a wireless communication device.

[0083] In some examples, each of the antenna elements of an antenna 234 or an antenna 252 may include one or more sub-elements for radiating or receiving radio frequency signals. For example, a single antenna element may include a first sub-element cross-polarized with a second sub-element that can be used to independently transmit cross-polarized signals. The antenna elements may include patch antennas, dipole antennas, and / or other types of antennas arranged in a linear pattern, a two-dimensional pattern, or another pattern. A spacing between antenna elements may be such that signals with a desired wavelength transmitted separately by the antenna elements may interact or interfere constructively and destructively along various directions (such as to form a desired beam). For example, given an expected range of wavelengths or frequencies, the spacing may provide a quarter wavelength, a half wavelength, or another fraction of a wavelength of spacing between neighboring antenna elements to allow for the desired constructive and destructive interference patterns of signals transmitted by the separate antenna elements within that expected range.

[0084] The amplitudes and / or phases of signals transmitted via antenna elements and / or subelements may be modulated and shifted relative to each other (such as by manipulating phase shift, phase offset, and / or amplitude) to generate one or more beams, which is referred to as beamforming. The term “beam” may refer to a directional transmission of a wireless signal toward a receiving device or otherwise in a desired direction. “Beam” may also generally refer to a direction associated with such a directional signal transmission, a set of directional resources associated with the signal transmission (for example, an angle of arrival, a horizontal direction, and / or a vertical direction), and / or a set of parameters that indicate one or more aspects of a directional signal, a direction associated with the signal, and / or a set of directional resources associated with the signal. In some implementations, antenna elements may be individually selected or deselected for directional transmission of a signal (or signals) by controlling amplitudes of one or more corresponding amplifiers and / or phases of the signal(s) to form one or more beams. The shape of a beam (such as the amplitude, width, and / or presence of side lobes) and / or the direction of a beam (such as an angle of the beam relative to a surface of an antenna array) can be dynamically controlled by modifying the phase shifts, phase offsets, and / or amplitudes of the multiple signals relative to each other.

[0085] Different UEs 120 or network nodes 110 may include different numbers of antenna elements. For example, a UE 120 may include a single antenna element, two antenna elements, four antenna elements, eight antenna elements, or a different number of antenna elements. As another example, a network node 110 may include eight antenna elements, 24 antenna elements, 64 antenna elements, 128 antenna elements, or a different number of antenna elements.Generally, a larger number of antenna elements may provide increased control over parameters for beam generation relative to a smaller number of antenna elements, whereas a smaller number of antenna elements may be less complex to implement and may use less power than a larger number of antenna elements. Multiple antenna elements may support multiple -layer transmission, in which a first layer of a communication (which may include a first data stream) and a second layer of a communication (which may include a second data stream) are transmitted using the same time and frequency resources with spatial multiplexing.

[0086] While blocks in Fig. 2 are illustrated as distinct components, the functions described above with respect to the blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combination component or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of the controller / processor 280.

[0087] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture 300 in accordance with the present disclosure. One or more components of the example disaggregated base station architecture 300 may be, may include, or may be included in one or more networknodes (such one or more network nodes 110). The disaggregated base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310 that can communicate directly with a core network 320 via a backhaul link, or that can communicate indirectly with the core network 320 via one or more disaggregated control units, such as a Non-RT RIC 350 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 360 and / or a Near-RT RIC 370 (for example, via an E2 link). The CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via respective midhaul links, such as via Fl interfaces. Each of the DUs 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via respective fronthaul links. Each of the RUs 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via respective RF access links. In some deployments, a UE 120 may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 340.

[0088] Each of the components of the disaggregated base station architecture 300, including the CUs 310, the DUs 330, the RUs 340, the Near-RT RICs 370, the Non-RT RICs 350, and the SMO Framework 360, may include one or more interfaces or may be coupled with one or more interfaces for receiving or transmitting signals, such as data or information, via a wired or wireless transmission medium.

[0089] In some aspects, the CU 310 may be logically split into one or more CU user plane (CU-UP) units and one or more CU control plane (CU-CP) units. A CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with a CU-CP unit via an interface, such as the El interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. The CU 310 may be deployed to communicate with one or more DUs 330, as necessary, for network control and signaling. Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 340. For example, a DU 330 may host various layers, such as an RLC layer, a MAC layer, or one or more PHY layers, such as one or more high PHY layers or one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (which also may be referred to as a module) may be implemented with an interface for communicating signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330, or for communicating signals with the control functions hosted by the CU 310. Each RU 340 may implement lower layer functionality. In some aspects, real-time and non-real- time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU(s) 340 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 330.

[0090] The SMO Framework 360 may support RAN deployment and provisioning of nonvirtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 360 may support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface, such as an 01 interface. For virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 360 may interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computingplatform interface, such as an 02 interface. A virtualized network element may include, but is not limited to, a CU 310, a DU 330, an RU 340, a non-RT RIC 350, and / or a Near-RT RIC 370. In some aspects, the SMO Framework 360 may communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, a 5G NR RAN, and / or a 6G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 380, via an 01 interface. Additionally or alternatively, the SMO Framework 360 may communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 340 via a respective 01 interface. In some deployments, this configuration can enable each DU 330 and the CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud -based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.

[0091] The Non-RT RIC 350 may include or may implement a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, AI / MU workflows including model training and updates, and / or policy-based guidance of applications and / or features in the Near-RT RIC 370. The Non-RT RIC 350 may be coupled to or may communicate with (such as via an Al interface) the Near-RT RIC 370. The Near-RT RIC 370 may include or may implement a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions via an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 310, one or more DUs 330, and / or an O-eNB with the Near-RT RIC 370.

[0092] In some aspects, to generate AI / MU models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 370, the Non-RT RIC 350 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 370 and may be received at the SMO Framework 360 or the Non-RT RIC 350 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 350 or the Near-RT RIC 370 may tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 350 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and may employ AI / MU models to perform corrective actions via the SMO Framework 360 (such as reconfiguration via an 01 interface) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as Al interface policies).

[0093] As indicated above, Fig. 3 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 3.

[0094] The network node 110, the controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the UE 120, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, the CU 310, the DU 330, the RU 340, or any other componcnt(s) of Figs. 1, 2, or 3 may implement one or more techniques or perform one or more operations associated with a composite S-RS, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, any other component(s) of Fig. 2, the CU 310, the DU 330, or the RU 340 may perform or direct operations of, for example, process 700 of Fig. 7, process 800 of Fig. 8, process 900 of Fig. 9, or other processes as described herein (alone or in conjunction with one or moreother processors). The memory 242 may store data and program codes for the network node 110, the network node 110, the CU 310, the DU 330, or the RU 340. The memory 282 may store data and program codes for the UE 120. In some examples, the memory 242 or the memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions (for example, code or program code) for wireless communication. The memory 242 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same type or of different types). The memory 282 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same type or of different types). For example, the set of instructions, when executed (for example, directly, or after compiling, converting, or interpreting) by one or more processors of the network node 110, the UE 120, the CU 310, the DU 330, or the RU 340, may cause the one or more processors to perform process 700 of Fig. 7, process 800 of Fig. 8, process 900 of Fig. 9, or other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing instructions may include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, and / or interpreting the instructions, among other examples.

[0095] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., the UE 120) includes means for receiving configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern; and / or means for transmitting S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0096] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., the UE 120) includes means for receiving configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern; and / or means for detecting S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern. The means for the UE to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0097] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., the network node 110) includes means for transmitting, to a UE, configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with afirst set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern. In some aspects, the network node includes means for detecting S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern. In some aspects, the network node may include means for transmitting S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern. The means for the network node to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 150, transmit processor 214, TX MIMO processor 216, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller / processor 240, memory 242, or scheduler 246.

[0098] As indicated above, Fig. 3 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 3.

[0099] Figs. 4A-4B are diagrams illustrating an example 400 of sensing on uplink resources, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0100] In some examples, a UE may perform joint sensing and communication. For example, the UE may include a jointly designed sensing and communication system (e.g., a co-design JCR system), which may reduce hardware costs as opposed to separate communication and sensing systems. In this case, the UE may transmit signals for sensing as well as signals for communication. For example, a vehicle UE may transmit sensing signals to detect objects in a vicinity of the vehicle by detecting echos of the sensing signals in a monostatic sensing operation. Additionally, or alternatively, in a bistatic sensing operation, a UE (e.g., a vehicle UE) may transmit sensing signals to be detected by another device (e.g., a network node or another UE), or a UE may detect sensing signals transmitted by another device (e.g., a network node or another UE). In some examples, a UE may transmit the sensing signals in an mmWave band.

[0101] A UE (e.g., a vehicle UE) that performs joint sensing and communication may perform the sensing on uplink resources. That is, the UE may transmit a sensing signal in dedicated uplink resources. The sensing signal may use the same waveform as is used for transmitting communications (e.g., a CP-OFDM waveform), or the sensing signal may use a different waveform from the waveform used for transmitting communications. In some examples, an S-RS may be specified as the sensing signal to meet various sensing service requirements. Resources (e.g., uplink resources) used for the S-RS transmission may be configured or allocated by a network node. The sensing resource overhead may depend on the sensing service requirements. For example, the S-RS transmission bandwidth and duration need to be large enough for a desired range and velocity resolution. In some examples, beam-sweeping for S-RS transmission may be used to achieve a desired angular resolution. This may result in a high resource overhead forapplications with high range, velocity, and / or angle resolution requirements, which may increase latency for sensing operations, as well as cause decreased throughput and / or increased latency for communications in the wireless communication network.

[0102] In some aspects, two-stage sensing (e.g., using a two-stage S-RS configuration) may be used to reduce S-RS resource overhead, as compared with single-stage sensing (e.g., using a single-stage S-RS configuration). As shown in Fig. 4A, a single-stage sensing procedure (shown by reference number 402) may be based at least in part on a coherent processing interval (CPI) 406. For example, the CPI may be a radar frame, and each radar frame may be associated with one or more operating conditions and / or one or more configuration bounds. Example CPI (per beam) conditions may include a CPI duration of 5.1 milliseconds (msec) that is associated with a bandwidth of 0.5 GHz and a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of 120 kHz for a use case that is associated with sensing based at least in part on a carrier frequency of 73 GHz with a velocity resolution of 0.4 meters per second (m / s) and range resolution of 30 centimeters (cm).

[0103] As shown in Fig. 4A, the single-stage sensing procedure may sweep through multiple beams, shown as beam 408-1, beam 408-2, to beam 408-M, where n is an integer, and each beam may be associated with a respective CPI. That is, the single-stage uplink sensing procedure may be based at least in part on a plurality of CPIs, and each CPI may be associated with a respective beam of the multiple beams. Accordingly, for a 20 frames per second (fps) update rate that is associated with a 50 msec sensing period for a single-stage sensing procedure, approximately 10% of system resources may be used per beam and per user.

[0104] As further shown in Fig. 4A, a two-stage sensing procedure (shown by reference number 404) may include a scanning stage 410 (e.g., a first stage) and a tracking stage 412 (e.g., a second stage). The scanning stage 410 may be based at least in part on a scanning CPI 414 and a low-resolution beam 416. That is, the low-resolution beam 416 may have a first configuration that is associated with detecting a presence of a target, but not detecting high-resolution characteristics (e.g., a velocity resolution of 0.4 m / s and / or range resolution of 30 cm) associated with the target. Accordingly, the scanning stage 410 may be used by a UE to detect a target presence. As shown in Fig. 4A, the scanning stage 410 may include multiple scanning CPIs and beam sweeping such that each scanning CPI may be associated with a respective beam. Example operating conditions and / or configuration bounds associated with the scanning stage 410 may include a scanning CPI with a 1 msec duration being associated with a 150 MHz bandwidth and an SCS of 120 kHz, resulting in a velocity resolution of 2 m / s and a range resolution of 1 meter.

[0105] The tracking stage 412 may be based at least in part on a tracking CPI 418 and a high- resolution beam 420. In some aspects, the high-resolution beam 420 may have a second configuration that is associated with detecting refined and / or high-resolution characteristics associated with a target detected based at least in part on the scanning stage 410. That is, thesecond configuration of the high-resolution beam 420 may be used to calculate higher-resolution characteristics associated with the target relative to the first configuration associated with the low- resolution beam 416. Example operating conditions and / or configuration bounds associated with the tracking stage 412 may include a tracking CPI with a duration of 5 msec being associated with a bandwidth of 0.5 GHz, a comb-5 decimation in time (e.g., a one in every fifth symbol decimation) and a comb-4 decimation in frequency (e.g., a one in every fourth RE decimation). For a 20 fps update rate associated with a two-stage sensing procedure, approximately 4.5% of system resources may be used per user and per detected target, and approximately 9% of system resources may be used per user, assuming that two targets are within a field of view.

[0106] Separate S-RSs may be configured for the two stages of the two-stage sensing procedure. For example, a first stage S-RS may be configured for the first stage (e.g., the scanning stage 410), and a second stage S-RS may be configured for the second stage (e.g., the tracking stage 412). The first stage S-RS may be configured with denser S-RS symbols (e.g., a smaller symbol interval) for maximum velocity estimation, and configured with a smaller duration (e.g., a smaller CPI) for a relaxed velocity resolution. The second stage S-RS may be configured with sparser S-RS symbols (e.g., a larger symbol interval) to reduce overhead, and configured with a longer duration to achieve a desired / target velocity resolution. In the frequency domain, the first stage S-RS may be configured with a smaller bandwidth (e.g., a denser RE spacing), and the second stage S-RS may be configured with a larger bandwidth.

[0107] Fig. 4B shows an example of S-RS resources configured for the first S-RS and the second S-RS in a two-stage sensing procedure. In some examples, uniform reference signal patterns (e.g., uniform reference signal symbol intervals) for both the first stage S-RS and the second stage S-RS may be assumed to facilitate discrete Fourier transform (DFT) in time direction for Doppler estimation. As shown in Fig. 4B, in a sensing resource period (e.g., 100 ms), a number of first stage S-RS resources 422 (e.g., nine first stage S-RS resources in Fig. 4B) may be configured for the scanning stage, followed by a number of second stage S-RS resources 424 (e.g., nine second stage S-RS resources in Fig. 4B) configured for the tracking stage. As shown by reference number 426, a first stage S-RS pattern may be configured for each of the first stage S-RS resources 422. The first stage S-RS pattern configures REs (shown by the black squares) in symbols separated by a symbol interval (e.g., 3 symbols in Fig. 4B) for transmission of the first stage S-RS. The first stage S-RS may be configured with a first duration. For example, the first duration in Fig. 4B is 2 slots (120 kHz SCS), such that a single first stage S-RS transmission spans 2 slots. As shown by reference number 428, a second stage S-RS pattern may be configured for each of the second stage S-RS resources 424. The second stage S-RS pattern configures REs (shown by the black squares) in symbols separated by a symbol interval (e.g., 7 symbols) for transmission of the second stage S-RS. The second stage S-RS may be configured with a second duration. For example, the second duration in Fig. 4B is 5 ms (or 40 slots for 120kHz SCS), such that a single second stage S-RS transmission spans 40 slots. In some examples, an S-RS transmission within an S-RS pattern (e.g., the first stage S-RS pattern or the second stage S-RS pattern) may be phase continuous.

[0108] Once the sensing is performed in the scanning stage (e.g., the first stage) and the tracking stage (e.g., the second stage), Doppler estimates from the two stages may be fused to meet both maximum velocity and velocity resolution sensing service requirements (e.g., for automotive / vehicular sensing), as well as other sensing service requirements (e.g., maximum range and / or range resolution, among other examples). In some examples, the two-stage sensing may be used in monostatic sensing, in which a UE transmits and detects the first and second stage S-RSs, and / or bistatic sensing, in which the UE transmits the first and second stage S-RSs and another device (e.g., a network node or another UE) detects the first and second stage S-RSs, or the UE detects the first and second stage S-RSs transmitted by another device (e.g., a network node or another UE).

[0109] As indicated above, Figs. 4A-4B are provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to Figs. 4A-4B.

[0110] Figs. 5A-5B are diagrams illustrating an example 500 associated with a composite S- RS, in accordance with the present disclosure. Fig. 5A shows an example of monostatic sensing using a composite S-RS. As shown in Fig. 5A, a network node 110 and a UE 120 may communicate with one another.[OHl] As shown in Fig. 5A, and by reference number 505, the network node 110 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern. The composite S-RS pattern may include an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols and a second set of S-RS symbols. The first set of S-RS symbols may be associated with a first set of parameter values, and the second set of S-RS symbols may be associated with a second set of parameter values. That is, the configuration information may indicate the first set of parameter values associated with the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of parameter values associated with the second set of S-RS symbols. The first set of S-RS parameter values may configure time and / or frequency resources (e.g., first S-RS resources) for the first set of S-RS symbols, and the second set of S-RS parameter values may configure time and / or frequency resources (e.g., second S-RS resources) for the second set of S-RS symbols. The second set of parameter values may have at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, such that the second set of S-RS symbols are configured with at least one characteristic different from the first set of S-RS symbols. In some aspects, the first set of S-RS resources may be interleaved with the second set of S-RS resources. That is, at least one of S-RS resource of the first set of S-RS resources is configured between two S-RS resources of the second set of S-RS resources.

[0112] The first set of parameter values may configure the first set of S-RS symbols to share one or more first characteristics, and the second set of parameter values may configure the second set of S-RS symbols to share one or more characteristics different from the one or more first characteristics shared by the first set of S-RS symbols. In some aspects, the first set of parameter values may configure the first set of S-RS symbols for S-RS transmissions with characteristics similar to a first stage S-RS in a first stage (e.g., a scanning stage) of a two-stage sensing procedure (e.g., the two-stage sensing procedure discussed in connection with Figs. 4A-4B). For example, the first set of S-RS symbols may be configured with one or more characteristics (e.g., smaller symbol interval (denser S-RS symbols), smaller duration, and / or smaller bandwidth (denser RE spacing)) associated with S-RS transmission for detecting the presence of one or more potential targets (e.g., objects) and / or maximum velocity estimation at a low resolution. In some aspects, the second set of S-RS symbols may be configured with one or more characteristics similar to a second stage S-RS in a second stage of a two-stage sensing procedure (e.g., the two- stage sensing procedure discussed in connection with Figs. 4A-4B). For example, the second set of S-RS symbols may be configured with one or more characteristics (e.g., larger symbol interval (sparser S-RS symbols), longer duration, and / or larger bandwidth) associated with S-RS transmission for refined target detection at a higher resolution for achieving a target velocity resolution, range resolution, and / or other sensing service targets or requirements (e.g., Doppler requirements). In this way, the composite S-RS pattern including the arrangement of the first set of S-RS symbols interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols may achieve an effect similar to the two-stage sensing, with a reduced sensing latency.

[0113] In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate a first symbol interval (m^ associated with the first set of S-RS symbols and a second symbol interval (m2) associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, where< m2. The first symbol interval (m ) indicates an interval or spacing between symbols in the first set of S-RS symbols in the composite S-RS pattern, and the second symbol interval (m2) indicates an interval or spacing between symbols in the second set of S-RS symbols in the composite S-RS pattern. The first symbol interval (m-i) may be less than the second symbol interval (m2), such that the first set of S-RS symbols may be more densely spaced than the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0114] In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate a first duration (n associated with the first set of S-RS symbols and a second duration (n2) associated with the second set of S-RS symbols. The first duration (n may indicate the duration of the S-RS transmission in the first set of S-RS symbols, and the second duration (n2) may indicate the duration of the S-RS transmission in the second set of S-RS symbols. The first duration (n^ ) may indicate a first number of symbols or a first number of slots (e.g., the number of symbols or slots spanned by the first set of S-RS resources), and the second duration (n2) may indicate a secondnumber of symbols or a second number of slots (e.g., the number of symbols or slots spanned by the second set of S-RS resources). Accordingly, the first duration (n may also be referred to as a “first symbol number” or “first slot number,” and the second duration (n2) may also be referred to as a “second symbol number” or “second slot number.” In some aspects, the first duration (n^ ) may be smaller than the second duration (n2).

[0115] In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate a first offset value (o, ) associated with the first set of S-RS symbols and a second offset value (o2) associated with the second set of S-RS symbols. The second offset value (o2) may indicate a number of symbols offset from a first symbol of a first slot of the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., an offset between the first symbol of the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern and a first S-RS symbol of the second set of S-RS symbols in the composite S-RS pattern). In some aspects, the first offset value (o, ) may indicate a number of slots offset from a reference slot, where the reference slot is the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., a number of slots between the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern and a slot including a first S-RS symbol of the first set of S-RS symbols in the composite S-RS pattern). In some aspects, the first offset value (o, ) may indicate a number of symbols offset from a reference symbol, where the reference symbol is the first symbol of the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern or a first S-RS symbol of the second set of S-RS symbols indicated by o2(e.g., a number of symbols between the reference symbol and the first S-RS symbol of the first set of S-RS symbols).

[0116] In some aspects, the first set of parameter values may include the first symbol interval (m^ ). the first duration (n^ ). and the first offset value (o, ). and the second set of parameter values may include the second symbol interval (m2), the second duration (n2), and the second offset value (o2). In some aspects, the first set of S-RS symbols indicated or determined by the first set of parameter valuesn . o1) may be interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols indicated by the second set of parameter values (m2, n2, o2), such that at least one S-RS symbol indicated / determined by the first set of parameter valuesn . o1) is configured between two symbols indicated / determined by the second set of parameter values (m2, n2, o2). In some aspects, the durationof the first set of S-RS symbols indicated or determined by the first set of parameter valuesn . o1) may occur within the duration n2of the second set of S-RS symbols indicated or determined by the second set of parameter values (m2, n2, o2) (e.g., all of the S-RS symbols of the first set of S-RS symbols may be configured between a first S-RS symbol and a last S-RS symbol of the second set of S-RS symbols).

[0117] Fig. 5B shows an example 520 of a composite S-RS pattern. As shown in Fig. 5B, the composite S-RS pattern includes a first set of S-RS symbols 522 associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols 524 associated with a second set of parameter values. In the example composite S-RS pattern of Fig. = 2 symbols, m2= 7 symbols,= 2 slots, n2= 40 slots, 0^ = 2 slots, and o2= 4 symbols. Accordingly, the first set of S-RS symbols 522 are more densely configured (e.g., with a smaller symbol interval) than the second set of S-RS symbols 524, and the first set of S-RS symbols 522 are configured with a smaller duration than the second set of S-RS symbols 524. In some aspects, the composite S-RS pattern may include one or more overlapping S-RS symbols 526. The overlapping S-RS symbols 526 are symbols that are mapped to both the first set of S-RS symbols by the first set of parameter values (m- , n-L, 0-0 and the second set of S-RS symbols by the second set of parameter values (m2, n2, o2)-

[0118] Returning to Fig. 5 A, the configuration information may indicate frequency REs for the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols in the composite S-RS pattern. In some aspects, the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols may share the same frequency RE configuration. For example, the configuration information may indicate a frequency RE configuration that applies to both the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols. In this case, the frequency RE configuration may indicate parameters including a number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) p (e.g., an S-RS bandwidth), a comb parameter c (e.g., an S-RS RE interval), and an offset parameter q (e.g., an S-RS RE location). In some aspects, the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols may have different configurations for at least one of the frequency RE configuration parameters. For example, the configuration information may indicate a first frequency RE configuration for the first set of S-RS symbols and a second frequency RE configuration for the second set of S-RS symbols. In this case, the first frequency RE configuration may indicate parameters including a first number of PRBs p1?a first comb parameter c1?and a first offset parameterand the second frequency RE configuration may indicate parameters including a second number of PRBs p2, a second comb parameter c2, and a second offset parameter q2.

[0119] In some aspects, the S-RS symbol locations indicated / determined by the first set of parameter valuesn . o1) and the second set of parameter values (m2, n2, o2) may overlap. That is, the composite S-RS pattern includes one or more overlapping S-RS symbols (e.g., shown by reference number 526 in Fig. 5B) in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols. In a case in which the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols are configured with the same frequency RE configuration, the frequency REs may be mapped to the overlapping symbols without any special handling.

[0120] In some aspects, in a case in which at least one frequency RE configuration parameter is different between the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., the configuration information indicates the first frequency RE configuration and the second frequency RE configuration) and there is at least one overlapping S-RS symbol, the S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping S-RS symbol are mapped in accordance with the second frequency REconfiguration for the second set of symbols. In this case, in each overlapping symbol, the UE 120 may drop the S-RS REs associated with the first set of S-RS symbols (e.g., the S-RS REs mapped in accordance with the first frequency RE configuration) in favor of the S-RS REs associated with the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g.., the S-RS REs mapped in accordance with the second frequency RE configuration).

[0121] In some other aspects, in a case in which at least one frequency RE configuration parameter is different between the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., the configuration information indicates the first frequency RE configuration and the second frequency RE configuration) and there is at least one overlapping S-RS symbol, the S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol may be mapped in accordance with the first frequency RE configuration for the first set of S-RS symbols and the second frequency RE configuration for the second set of S-RS symbols. For example, S-RS REs associated with both the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., a union of the S-RS REs mapped in accordance with the first frequency RE configuration and the S-RS REs mapped in accordance with the second frequency RE configuration) may be mapped to each overlapping symbol. In some examples, to handle potential overlapping of S-RS REs associated with the first and second sets of S-RS symbols in an overlapping symbol, a common S-RS sequence generation rule may be used for S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols to ensure that a same S-RS modulation symbol is used for the S-RS REs associated with the first and second sets of S-RS symbols. In some other examples, to handle potential overlapping of S-RS REs associated with the first and second sets of S-RS symbols in an overlapping symbol, an S-RS RE is associated with the second set of S-RS symbols when the S-RS RE associated with the second set of S-RS symbols overlaps with an S-RS RE associated with the first set of S-RS symbols. In this case, the overlapping S-RS RE associated with the first set of S-RS symbols may be punctured.

[0122] In some aspects, the S-RS symbol locations indicated / determined by the first set of parameter values (m-^ n}. cq ) and the second set of parameter values (m2, n2, o2) may not overlap. For example, the network node 110 may determine the first set of parameter valuesn . cq ) and the second set of parameter values (m2, n2, o2) such that there are no overlapping symbols between the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols. In some examples, the UE 120 may not expect (e.g., in accordance with a wireless communication standard) the configuration information to configure any overlapping symbols between the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0123] In some aspects, a first number of S-RS REs in the first set of S-RS symbols may be the same as a second number of S-RS REs in the second set of S-RS symbols, or a difference between the first number of S-RS REs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second number of S-RS REsin the second set of S-RS symbols may satisfy (e.g., not exceed) a threshold. For example, in a case in which the configuration information indicates different frequency RE configurations (e.g., the first frequency RE configuration and the second frequency RE configuration) for the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, the frequency RE configurations may ensure that the total number of S-RS REs in the first set of S-RS symbols (e.g., the first number of S-RS REs) is the same as the total number of S-RS REs in the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., the second number of S-RS REs), or that a difference between the total number of S-RS REs in the first set of S-RS symbols (e.g., the first number of S-RS REs) and the total number of S-RS REs in the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., the second number of S-RS REs) satisfies (e.g., does not exceed) the threshold. In this way, the configuration information may ensure that the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols can meet the same, or a similar, link budget.

[0124] In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate scheduling information for the composite S-RS pattern. For example, the configuration information may indicate slots allocated for transmission / mapping of the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., slots for mapping the composite S-RS pattern and transmission of S-RSs according to the composite S-RS pattern). In some aspects, the scheduling information may configure a periodic S-RS transmission in accordance with the composite S-RS pattern. For example, the scheduling information may indicate a location of a set of slots (e.g., a starting slot or resource block (RB)) for transmission of the composite S-RS pattern and a transmission periodicity for transmitting the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., the composite S-RS pattern spanning 40 slots is transmitted every 800 slots).

[0125] In some aspects, the configuration information may configure multiple composite S-RS patterns. In this case, each S-RS pattern may be indicated as one S-RS resource in the configuration information. That is, the configuration information may indicate respective S-RS resources for a plurality of composite S-RS patterns. For example, the configuration may configure multiple composite S-RS patterns (e.g., indicated as multiple S-RS resources) corresponding to multiple S-RS transmissions (e.g., for beam sweeping in sensing) to be performed by the UE 120. In some examples, the multiple S-RS patterns may be configured with the same configuration (e.g., the same first and second symbol intervals, first and second durations, first and second offset values, and first and second frequency RE configurations). For example, the configuration information may indicate a common S-RS configuration that applies to the multiple composite S-RS patterns, and the configuration information may indicate time and / or frequency resources (e.g., a starting slot or RB) for transmitting each of the S-RS resources (e.g., each composite S-RS pattern). In this way, signaling overhead for configuring the multiple composite S-RS resource patterns may be reduced.

[0126] In some other examples, some parameters (e.g., the first and second symbol intervals and / or first and second durations, among other examples) may be the same (e.g., configuredjointly) for the multiple composite S-RS patterns, and other parameters (e.g., the first and second offset values, among other examples) may be configured separately for the multiple composite S- RS patterns. For example, the configuration information may indicate one or more common S-RS parameters (e.g., the first and second symbol intervals and / or first and second durations, among other examples) that apply to the multiple composite S-RS patterns, and the configuration information may separately indicate one or more other S-RS parameters (e.g., the first and second offset values, among other examples) for each composite S-RS pattern of the multiple composite S-RS patterns. In this way flexibility may be increased for configuring certain S-RS parameters of the composite S-RS patterns. For example, in a case in which the first and separate offset values are separately indicated for each of the multiple composite S-RS patterns, flexibility in the symbol locations for the first and second sets of S-RS symbols in different composite S-RS patterns may facilitate easier multiplexing of different UEs’ S-RSs in a resource allocation. For example, different UEs may be configured with different first and second offset values to facilitate multiplexing of composite S-RS patterns associated with different UEs.

[0127] In some other examples, all of the configuration parameters may be configured separately for the multiple S-RS patterns. For example, the configuration information may indicate a respective S-RS configuration for each S-RS pattern of the multiple S-RS patterns. In this way, flexibility is increased for configuring all parameters of the different composite S-RS patterns. For example, such flexibility may enable configuration of different composite S-RS patterns for S-RS transmission to meet different levels of sensing requirements.

[0128] As further shown in Fig. 5A, and by reference number 510, the UE 120 may transmit S- RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0129] In some aspects, phase continuity may be maintained for all of the S-RS symbols in the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., for all S-RS symbols across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols). That is, when transmitting the S-RSs, the UE 120 may maintain phase continuity across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols. For example, phase continuity across the first and second sets of S-RS symbols may be assumed or required (e.g., by a wireless communication standard). In some other aspects, phase continuity may be maintained separately for the S-RS symbols included in the first set of S-RS symbols and for the S-RS symbols included in the second set of S-RS symbols. That is, when transmitting the S-RSs, the UE 120 may maintain phase continuity for the first set of S-RS symbols in the composite S-RS symbol pattern, and the UE 120 may maintain phase continuity for the second set of S-RS symbols included in the S-RS symbol pattern, but the UE 120 may not maintain phase continuity across the first and second sets of S-RS symbols. For example, phase continuity may not be required across the first and second sets of S-RS symbols. In some examples, phasecontinuity may be separately maintained in the first set of S-RS symbols and in the second set of S-RS symbols in a case in which the configuration information indicates separate frequency RE configurations for the first and second sets of S-RS symbols.

[0130] In some aspects, phase continuity may either be maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity may be maintained separately within each of the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and the network node 110 may indicate, to the UE 120 (e.g., in the configuration information), a selection of an option for phase continuity. For example, the configuration information may indicate whether phase continuity is to be maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S- RS symbols or phase continuity is to be maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols. In this case, when transmitting the S-RSs, the UE 120 may maintain phase continuity across the first and second sets of S-RS symbols or within each of the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols in accordance with the indication in the configuration information.

[0131] In some aspects, whether the UE 120 maintains phase continuity across the first and second sets of S-RS symbols or within each set of the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols may be based at least in part on a UE capability for maintaining phase continuity. For example, the UE 120 may transmit, to the network node 110 (e.g., a scheduler of the S-RS transmissions), capability information indicating a capability of the UE 120 for maintaining phase continuity across two sets of S-RS symbols (e.g., the first and second sets of S- RS symbols) in a composite S-RS pattern. The network node 110 may receive the capability information. In this case, the UE 120 may maintain phase continuity across the first and second sets of S-RS symbols or within each set of the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S- RS symbols based at least in part on the indication, included in the capability information, of the capability of the UE 120 for maintaining phase continuity across two sets of S-RS symbols in a composite S-RS pattern.

[0132] As further shown in Fig. 5 A, and by reference number 515, the UE 120 may perform sensing based on the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S- RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern. The UE 120 may detect (or receive) S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols. For example, the UE 120 may detect (or receive) echos of the S-RSs (e.g., all or a subset of the S-RSs) transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols. The echoes may be reflected by one or more targets (e.g., objects). The UE 120 may sense the one or more targets (e.g., objects) based on detecting the S-RSs (e.g., the echos of the S-RSs) transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols. For example, UE 120 may determine first Doppler estimates based on detecting S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols, and theUE 120 may determine second Doppler estimates based on detecting S-RSs transmitted in the second set of S-RS symbols. The UE 120 may fuse the first Doppler estimates determined from the first set of S-RS symbols and the second Doppler estimates determined from the second set of S-RS symbols to determine final Doppler estimates for the one or more targets.

[0133] As indicated above, Figs. 5A-5B are provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to Figs. 5A-5B.

[0134] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example 600 associated with bistatic sensing using a composite S-RS, in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 6, a network node 110, an S-RS transmitter (Tx) device 602, and an S-RS receiver (Rx) device 604 may communicate with one another. In some aspects, the S-RS Tx device 602 may be a device that transmits S-RSs. For example, the S-RS Tx device 602 may be a UE (e.g., a UE 120) or a network node (e.g., the network node 110). In some aspects, the S-RS Rx device 604 may be a device that receives or detects S-RSs. For example, the S-RS Rx device 604 may be a UE (e.g., a UE 120) or a network node (e.g., the network node 110).

[0135] In some aspects, the S-RS Tx device 602 may be a UE, and the S-RS Rx device 604 may be a network node (e.g., the network node 110 or a different network node). In this case, the bistatic sensing may include the UE transmitting S-RSs and the network node detecting the S-RSs and performing sensing based on the S-RSs. In some aspects, the S-RS Tx device 602 may be a network node (e.g., the network node 110 or a different network node), and the S-RS Rx device 604 may be a UE. In this case, the bistatic sensing may include the network node transmitting S- RSs and the UE detecting the S-RSs and performing sensing based on the S-RSs. In some aspects, the S-RS Tx device 602 may be a first UE and the S-RS Rx device 604 may be a second UE. In this case, the bistatic sensing may include the first UE transmitting S-RSs and the second UE detecting the S-RSs and performing sensing based on the S-RSs.

[0136] As shown in Fig. 6, and by reference number 605, the network node 110 may transmit, and at least one of the S-RS Tx device 602 or the S-RS Rx device 604 may receive, configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern. The composite S-RS pattern may include an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols and a second set of S-RS symbols. The first set of S- RS symbols may be associated with a first set of parameter values, and the second set of S-RS symbols may be associated with a second set of parameter values. The second set of parameter values may have at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, such that the second set of S-RS symbols are configured with at least one characteristic different from the first set of S-RS symbols. In some aspects, the first set of S-RS resources may be interleaved with the second set of S-RS resources. That is, at least one S-RS resource of the first set of S-RS resources is configured between two S-RS resources of the second set of S-RS resources. The configuration information and the composite S-RS pattern may be similar to the configurationinformation and the composite S-RS pattern discussed above in connection with Figs. 5A and Fig. 5B.

[0137] In some aspects, the network node 110 may transmit the configuration information to the S-RS Tx device 602. For example, the network node 110 may transmit the configuration information to the S-RS Tx device 602 in a case in which the S-RS Tx device 602 is a UE. In a case in which the S-RS Tx device 602 is a UE and the S-RS Rx device 604 is the network node 110, the network node 110 may transmit the configuration information to the S-RS Tx device 602 and not to the S-RS Rx device 604.

[0138] In some aspects, the network node 110 may transmit the configuration information to the S-RS Rx device 604. For example, the network node 110 may transmit the configuration information to the S-RS Rx device 604 in a case in which the S-RS Rx device 604 is a UE. In a case in which the S-RS Rx device 604 is a UE and the S-RS Tx device 602 is the network node 110, the network node 110 may transmit the configuration information to the S-RS Rx device 604 and not to the S-RS Tx device 602.

[0139] In some aspects, the network node 110 may transmit the configuration information to the S-RS Tx device 602 and the S-RS Rx device 604. For example, the network node 110 may transmit the configuration information to the S-RS Tx device 602 and the S-RS Rx device 604 in a case in which the S-RS Tx device 602 and the S-RS Rx device 604 are both UEs.

[0140] As further shown in Fig. 6, and by reference number 610, the S-RS Tx device 602 may transmit S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0141] In some aspects, phase continuity may be maintained for all of the S-RS symbols in the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., for all S-RS symbols across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols). That is, when transmitting the S-RSs, the S-RS Tx device 602 may maintain phase continuity across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols. For example, phase continuity across the first and second sets of S-RS symbols may be assumed or required (e.g., by a wireless communication standard). In some other aspects, phase continuity may be maintained separately for the S-RS symbols included in the first set of S-RS symbols and for the S-RS symbols included in the second set of S-RS symbols. That is, when transmitting the S-RSs, the S-RS Tx device 602 may maintain phase continuity for the first set of S-RS symbols in the composite S-RS symbol pattern, and the S-RS Tx device 602 may maintain phase continuity for the second set of S-RS symbols included in the S-RS symbol pattern, but the S-RS Tx device 602 may not maintain phase continuity across the first and second sets of S-RS symbols. For example, phase continuity may not be required across the first and second sets of S- RS symbols. In some examples, phase continuity may be separately maintained in the first set of S-RS symbols and in the second set of S-RS symbols in a case in which the configurationinformation indicates separate frequency RE configurations for the first and second sets of S-RS symbols.

[0142] In some aspects, phase continuity may either be maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity may be maintained separately within each of the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and the network node 110 may indicate, to the S-RS Tx device 602 (e.g., in a case in which the S-RS Tx device 602 is a UE) and / or the S-RS Rx device 604 (e.g., in a case in which the S-RS Rx device 604 is a UE), a selection of an option for phase continuity. For example, the configuration information may indicate whether phase continuity is to be maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is to be maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols. In this case, when transmitting the S-RSs, the S-RS Tx device 602 may maintain phase continuity across the first and second sets of S-RS symbols or within each of the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols in accordance with the indication in the configuration information.

[0143] In some aspects, phase continuity may either be maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity may be maintained separately within each of the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and the S-RS Tx device 602 may indicate, to the S-RS Rx device 604, a selection of an option for phase continuity. For example, the S-RS Tx device 602 may transmit, and the S-RS Rx device 604 may receive, an indication of whether phase continuity is maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, or phase continuity is maintained separately within the first set of S- RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols. In this case, when transmitting the S-RSs, the S-RS Tx device 602 may maintain phase continuity across the first and second sets of S-RS symbols or within each of the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols in accordance with the indication transmitted to the S-RS Rx device 604.

[0144] In some aspects, in a case in which the S-RS Tx device 602 is a UE, whether the S-RS Tx device 602 maintains phase continuity across the first and second sets of S-RS symbols or within each set of the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols may be based at least in part on a UE capability for maintaining phase continuity. For example, the S-RS Tx device 602 may transmit capability information indicating a capability of the S-RS Tx device 602 for maintaining phase continuity across two sets of S-RS symbols (e.g., the first and second sets of S-RS symbols) in a composite S-RS pattern. The S-RS Tx device 602 may transmit the capability information to the network node 110 (e.g., a scheduler of the S-RS transmission) and / or the S-RS Rx device 604. In this case, the S-RS Tx device 602 may maintain phase continuity across the first and second sets of S-RS symbols or within each set of the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols based at least in part on the indication, included inthe capability information, of the capability of the S-RS Tx device 602 for maintaining phase continuity across two sets of S-RS symbols in a composite S-RS pattern.

[0145] As further shown in Fig. 6, and by reference number 615, the S-RS Rx device 604 may detect (or receive) the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S- RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern. For example, the S-RS Rx device 604 may detect all or a subset of the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols. The S-RSs detected (or received) by the S-RS Rx device 604 may include echos (e.g., reflected signals) of S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols that have been reflected by one or more targets (e.g., objects). In some aspects, the S-RS Rx device 604 may perform sensing based on the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols. For example, the S-RS Rx device 604 may sense the one or more targets (e.g., objects) based on detecting the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols. In some examples, S-RS Rx device 604 may determine first Doppler estimates based on detecting S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols, and the S-RS Rx device 604 may determine second Doppler estimates based on detecting S-RSs transmitted in the second set of S-RS symbols. The S-RS Rx device 604 may fuse the first Doppler estimates determined from the first set of S-RS symbols and the second Doppler estimates determined from the second set of S-RS symbols to determine final Doppler estimates for the one or more targets.

[0146] As indicated above, Fig. 6 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to Fig. 6.

[0147] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process 700 performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 700 is an example where the apparatus or the UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with a composite S-RS.

[0148] As shown in Fig. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include receiving configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern (block 710). For example, the UE (e.g., using reception component 1002 and / or communication manager 1006, depicted in Fig. 10) may receive configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value differentfrom the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern, as described above. In some aspects, the receiving of the configuration information indicating the composite S-RS pattern may be performed in a manner similar to the reception of the configuration information discussed above in connection with reference number 505 of Fig. 5 A and / or reference number 605 of Fig. 6. The configuration information indicating the composite S-RS pattern may include information similar to that described in connection with reference number 505 of Fig. 5A and / or Fig. 5B.

[0149] As further shown in Fig. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include transmitting S- RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern (block 720). For example, the UE (e.g., using transmission component 1004 and / or communication manager 1006, depicted in Fig. 10) may transmit S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern, as described above. In some aspects, the transmitting of the S-RSs may be performed in a manner similar to the transmission of the S-RSs discussed above in connection with reference number 510 of Fig. 5 A and / or reference number 610 of Fig. 6.

[0150] Process 700 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0151] In a first aspect, process 700 includes sensing one or more targets based on the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0152] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the configuration information indicates a first symbol interval associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, a second symbol interval associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, wherein the first symbol interval is less than the second symbol interval, a first duration associated with the first set of S- RS symbols, a second duration associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, a first offset value associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, and a second offset value associated with the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0153] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the first duration indicates a first number of symbols or slots, and the second duration indicates a second number of symbols or slots (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0154] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, the second offset value indicates a number of symbols offset from a first symbol of a first slot of the composite S-RS pattern, and the first offset value indicates a number of slots offsetfrom the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern, or a number of symbols from a reference symbol, wherein the reference symbol is the first symbol of the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern or a first S-RS symbol of the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0155] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the configuration information indicates a frequency RE configuration that applies to the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and the frequency RE configuration indicates a number of PRBs, a comb parameter, and an offset parameter (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0156] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the configuration information indicates a first frequency RE configuration associated with the first set of S-RS symbols and a second frequency RE configuration associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, the first frequency RE configuration indicates a first number of PRBs, a first comb parameter, and a first offset parameter, and the second frequency RE configuration indicates a second number of PRBs, a second comb parameter, and a second offset parameter (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0157] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, the composite S-RS pattern includes at least one overlapping S-RS symbol in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol are mapped in accordance with the second frequency RE configuration (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0158] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, the composite S-RS pattern includes at least one overlapping S-RS symbol in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol are mapped in accordance with the first frequency RE configuration and the second frequency RE configuration (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0159] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, a difference between a first number of S-RS REs in the first set of S-RS symbols and a second number of S-RS REs in the second set of S-RS symbols satisfies a threshold (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0160] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols do not overlap (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0161] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, phase continuity is maintained for all S-RS symbols across the first set of S-RSsymbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0162] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eleventh aspects, phase continuity is maintained separately for S-RS symbols included in the first set of S-RS symbols and for S-RS symbols included in the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0163] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twelfth aspects, the configuration information indicates whether phase continuity is to be maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is to be maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0164] In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirteenth aspects, process 700 includes transmitting an indication of whether phase continuity is maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S- RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0165] In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourteenth aspects, process 700 includes transmitting capability information indicating a capability of the UE for maintaining phase continuity across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0166] In a sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifteenth aspects, the configuration information indicates scheduling information for the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0167] In a seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixteenth aspects, the scheduling information indicates a set of slots for transmission of the composite S-RS pattern and a transmission periodicity for transmitting the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0168] In an eighteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventeenth aspects, the configuration information indicates respective S-RS resources for a plurality of composite S-RS patterns including the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0169] In a nineteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighteenth aspects, the configuration information indicates a common S-RS configuration that applies to the plurality of composite S-RS patterns (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A- 5B and Fig. 6).

[0170] In a twentieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through nineteenth aspects, the configuration information indicates one or more common S-RS parameters that apply to the plurality of composite S-RS patterns, and the configuration information separately indicates one or more other S-RS parameters for each composite S-RS pattern of the plurality of composite S-RS patterns (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0171] In a twenty-first aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twentieth aspects, the configuration information indicates a respective S-RS configuration for each S-RS pattern of the plurality of composite S-RS patterns (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0172] Although Fig. 7 shows example blocks of process 700, in some aspects, process 700 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 7. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 700 may be performed in parallel.

[0173] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 800 is an example where the apparatus or the UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with a composite S-RS.

[0174] As shown in Fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include receiving configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern (block 810). For example, the UE (e.g., using reception component 1002 and / or communication manager 1006, depicted in Fig. 10) may receive configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern, as described above. In some aspects, the receiving of the configuration information indicating the composite S-RS pattern may be performed in a manner similar to the reception of the configuration information discussed above in connection with reference number 505 of Fig. 5 A and / or reference number 605 of Fig. 6. The configuration information indicating the composite S-RS pattern may includeinformation similar to that described in connection with reference number 505 of Fig. 5A and / or Fig. 5B.

[0175] As further shown in Fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include detecting S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern (block 820). For example, the UE (e.g., using reception component 1002 and / or communication manager 1006, depicted in Fig. 10) may detect S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern, as described above. In some aspects, the detecting of the S-RSs may be performed in a manner similar to the detection of the S-RSs discussed above in connection with reference number 515 of Fig. 5 A and / or reference number 615 of Fig. 6.

[0176] Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0177] In a first aspect, process 800 includes sensing one or more targets based on detecting the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0178] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the configuration information indicates a first symbol interval associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, a second symbol interval associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, wherein the first symbol interval is less than the second symbol interval, a first duration associated with the first set of S- RS symbols, a second duration associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, a first offset value associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, and a second offset value associated with the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0179] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the first duration indicates a first number of symbols or slots, and the second duration indicates a second number of symbols or slots (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0180] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, the second offset value indicates a number of symbols offset from a first symbol of a first slot of the composite S-RS pattern, and the first offset value indicates a number of slots offset from the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern, or a number of symbols from a reference symbol, wherein the reference symbol is the first symbol of the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern or a first S-RS symbol of the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0181] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the configuration information indicates a frequency RE configuration that applies to thefirst set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and the frequency RE configuration indicates a number of PRBs, a comb parameter, and an offset parameter (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0182] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the configuration information indicates a first frequency RE configuration associated with the first set of S-RS symbols and a second frequency RE configuration associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, the first frequency RE configuration indicates a first number of PRBs, a first comb parameter, and a first offset parameter, and the second frequency RE configuration indicates a second number of PRBs, a second comb parameter, and a second offset parameter (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0183] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, the composite S-RS pattern includes at least one overlapping S-RS symbol in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol are mapped in accordance with the second frequency RE configuration (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0184] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, the composite S-RS pattern includes at least one overlapping S-RS symbol in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol are mapped in accordance with the first frequency RE configuration and the second frequency RE configuration (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0185] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, a difference between a first number of S-RS REs in the first set of S-RS symbols and a second number of S-RS REs in the second set of S-RS symbols satisfies a threshold (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0186] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols do not overlap (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0187] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, phase continuity is maintained for all S-RS symbols across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0188] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eleventh aspects, phase continuity is maintained separately for S-RS symbols included in the first set of S-RS symbols and for S-RS symbols included in the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0189] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twelfth aspects, the configuration information indicates whether phase continuity is to be maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is to be maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0190] In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirteenth aspects, process 800 includes receiving, from an S-RS transmitter device, an indication of whether phase continuity is maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0191] In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourteenth aspects, process 800 includes receiving, from an S-RS transmitter UE, capability information indicating a capability of the S-RS transmitter UE for maintaining phase continuity across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0192] In a sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifteenth aspects, the configuration information indicates scheduling information for the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0193] In a seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixteenth aspects, the scheduling information indicates a set of slots for transmission of the composite S-RS pattern and a transmission periodicity for transmission of the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0194] In an eighteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventeenth aspects, the configuration information indicates respective S-RS resources for a plurality of composite S-RS patterns including the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0195] In a nineteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighteenth aspects, the configuration information indicates a common S-RS configuration that applies to the plurality of composite S-RS patterns (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A- 5B and Fig. 6).

[0196] In a twentieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through nineteenth aspects, the configuration information indicates one or more common S-RS parameters that apply to the plurality of composite S-RS patterns, and the configuration information separately indicates one or more other S-RS parameters for each composite S-RS pattern of theplurality of composite S-RS patterns (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0197] In a twenty-first aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twentieth aspects, the configuration information indicates a respective S-RS configuration for each S-RS pattern of the plurality of composite S-RS patterns (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0198] Although Fig. 8 shows example blocks of process 800, in some aspects, process 800 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 8. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 800 may be performed in parallel.

[0199] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process 900 performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 900 is an example where the apparatus or the network node (e.g., network node 110) performs operations associated with a composite S-RS.

[0200] As shown in Fig. 9, in some aspects, process 900 may include transmitting, to a UE, configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern (block 910). For example, the network node (e.g., using transmission component 1104 and / or communication manager 1106, depicted in Fig. 11) may transmit, to a UE, configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern, as described above. In some aspects, the transmitting of the configuration information indicating the composite S-RS pattern may be performed in a manner similar to the transmission of the configuration information discussed above in connection with reference number 505 of Fig. 5A and / or reference number 605 of Fig. 6. The configuration information indicating the composite S-RS pattern may include information similar to that described in connection with reference number 505 of Fig. 5A and / or Fig. 5B.

[0201] Process 900 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0202] In a first aspect, process 900 includes detecting S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S- RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0203] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, process 900 includes transmitting S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0204] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the configuration information indicates a first symbol interval associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, a second symbol interval associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, wherein the first symbol interval is less than the second symbol interval, a first duration associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, a second duration associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, a first offset value associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, and a second offset value associated with the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0205] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, the first duration indicates a first number of symbols or slots, and the second duration indicates a second number of symbols or slots (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0206] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the second offset value indicates a number of symbols offset from a first symbol of a first slot of the composite S-RS pattern, and the first offset value indicates a number of slots offset from the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern, or a number of symbols from a reference symbol, wherein the reference symbol is the first symbol of the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern or a first S-RS symbol of the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0207] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the configuration information indicates a frequency RE configuration that applies to the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and the frequency RE configuration indicates a number of PRBs, a comb parameter, and an offset parameter (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0208] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, the configuration information indicates a first frequency RE configuration associated with the first set of S-RS symbols and a second frequency RE configuration associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, the first frequency RE configuration indicates a first number of PRBs, a first comb parameter, and a first offset parameter, and the second frequency RE configurationindicates a second number of PRBs, a second comb parameter, and a second offset parameter (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0209] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, the composite S-RS pattern includes at least one overlapping S-RS symbol in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol are mapped in accordance with the second frequency RE configuration (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0210] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, the composite S-RS pattern includes at least one overlapping S-RS symbol in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol are mapped in accordance with the first frequency RE configuration and the second frequency RE configuration (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0211] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, a difference between a first number of S-RS REs in the first set of S-RS symbols and a second number of S-RS REs in the second set of S-RS symbols satisfies a threshold (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0212] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols do not overlap (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0213] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eleventh aspects, phase continuity is maintained for all S-RS symbols across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0214] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twelfth aspects, phase continuity is maintained separately for S-RS symbols included in the first set of S-RS symbols and for S-RS symbols included in the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0215] In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirteenth aspects, the configuration information indicates whether phase continuity is to be maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is to be maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0216] In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourteenth aspects, process 900 includes receiving, from the UE, an indication of whether phase continuity is maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbolsor phase continuity is maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0217] In a sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifteenth aspects, process 900 includes receiving, from the UE, capability information indicating a capability of the UE for maintaining phase continuity across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0218] In a seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixteenth aspects, the configuration information indicates scheduling information for the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0219] In an eighteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventeenth aspects, the scheduling information indicates a set of slots for transmission of the composite S-RS pattern and a transmission periodicity for transmission of the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0220] In a nineteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighteenth aspects, the configuration information indicates respective S-RS resources for a plurality of composite S-RS patterns including the composite S-RS pattern (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0221] In a twentieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through nineteenth aspects, the configuration information indicates a common S-RS configuration that applies to the plurality of composite S-RS patterns (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A- 5B and Fig. 6).

[0222] In a twenty-first aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twentieth aspects, the configuration information indicates one or more common S-RS parameters that apply to the plurality of composite S-RS patterns, and the configuration information separately indicates one or more other S-RS parameters for each composite S-RS pattern of the plurality of composite S-RS patterns (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0223] In a twenty-second aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-first aspects, the configuration information indicates a respective S-RS configuration for each S-RS pattern of the plurality of composite S-RS patterns (e.g., as described in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and Fig. 6).

[0224] Although Fig. 9 shows example blocks of process 900, in some aspects, process 900 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 9. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 900 may be performed in parallel.

[0225] Fig. 10 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1000 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1000 may be a UE, or a UE may include the apparatus 1000. In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 includes a reception component 1002, a transmission component 1004, and / or a communication manager 1006, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, the communication manager 1006 is the communication manager 140 described in connection with Fig. 1. As shown, the apparatus 1000 may communicate with another apparatus 1008, such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, a DU, an RU, or a base station), using the reception component 1002 and the transmission component 1004.

[0226] In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and 6. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1000 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 700 of Fig. 7, process 800 of Fig. 8, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 and / or one or more components shown in Fig. 10 may include one or more components of the UE described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 10 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the functions or operations of the component.

[0227] The reception component 1002 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1008. The reception component 1002 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1000. In some aspects, the reception component 1002 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1000. In some aspects, the reception component 1002 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receive processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or a combination thereof, of the UE described in connection with Fig. 2.

[0228] The transmission component 1004 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus1008. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1000 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1004 for transmission to the apparatus 1008. In some aspects, the transmission component 1004 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples), and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1008. In some aspects, the transmission component 1004 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or a combination thereof, of the UE described in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 1004 may be co-located with the reception component 1002 in one or more transceivers.

[0229] The communication manager 1006 may support operations of the reception component 1002 and / or the transmission component 1004. For example, the communication manager 1006 may receive information associated with configuring reception of communications by the reception component 1002 and / or transmission of communications by the transmission component 1004. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 1006 may generate and / or provide control information to the reception component 1002 and / or the transmission component 1004 to control reception and / or transmission of communications.

[0230] In some aspects, the reception component 1002 may receive configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern. The transmission component 1004 may transmit S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0231] The reception component 1002 and / or the communication manager 1006 may sense one or more targets based on the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0232] The transmission component 1004 may transmit an indication of whether phase continuity is maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0233] The transmission component 1004 may transmit capability information indicating a capability of the UE for maintaining phase continuity across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0234] In some aspects, the reception component 1002 may receive configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern. The reception component 1002 and / or the communication manager 1006 may detect S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0235] The communication manager 1006 may sense one or more targets based on detecting the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0236] The reception component 1002 may receive, from an S-RS transmitter device, an indication of whether phase continuity is maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is maintained separately within the first set of S- RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0237] The reception component 1002 may receive, from an S-RS transmitter UE, capability information indicating a capability of the S-RS transmitter UE for maintaining phase continuity across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0238] The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 10 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 10. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 10 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 10 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 10 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 10.

[0239] Fig. 11 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1100 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1100 may be a network node, or a network node may include the apparatus 1100. In some aspects, the apparatus 1100 includes a reception component 1102, a transmission component 1104, and / or a communication manager 1106, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, the communication manager 1106 is the communication manager 150 described in connection with Fig. 1. As shown, the apparatus 1100 may communicate with another apparatus 1108, such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, a DU, an RU, or a base station), using the reception component 1102 and the transmission component 1104.

[0240] In some aspects, the apparatus 1100 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 5A-5B and 6. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1100 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 900 of Fig. 9, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the apparatus 1100 and / or one or more components shown in Fig. 11 may include one or more components of the network node described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 11 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the functions or operations of the component.

[0241] The reception component 1102 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1108. The reception component 1102 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1100. In some aspects, the reception component 1102 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1100. In some aspects, the reception component 1102 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receive processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or a combination thereof, of the network node described in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the reception component 1102 and / or the transmission component 1104 may include or may be included in a network interface. The network interface may be configured to obtain and / or output signals for the apparatus 1100 via one or more communications links, such as a backhaul link, a midhaul link, and / or a fronthaul link.

[0242] The transmission component 1104 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1108. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1100 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1104 for transmission to the apparatus 1108. In some aspects, the transmission component 1104 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples), and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1108. In someaspects, the transmission component 1104 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or a combination thereof, of the network node described in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 1104 may be co-located with the reception component 1102 in one or more transceivers.

[0243] The communication manager 1106 may support operations of the reception component 1102 and / or the transmission component 1104. For example, the communication manager 1106 may receive information associated with configuring reception of communications by the reception component 1102 and / or transmission of communications by the transmission component 1104. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 1106 may generate and / or provide control information to the reception component 1102 and / or the transmission component 1104 to control reception and / or transmission of communications.

[0244] The transmission component 1104 may transmit, to a UE, configuration information indicating a composite S-RS pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern.

[0245] The reception component 1102 and / or the communication manager 1106 may detect S- RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0246] The transmission component 1104 may transmit S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0247] The reception component 1102 may receive, from the UE, an indication of whether phase continuity is maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0248] The reception component 1102 may receive, from the UE, capability information indicating a capability of the UE for maintaining phase continuity across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0249] The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 11 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 11. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 11 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 11 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components.Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 11 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 11.

[0250] The following provides an overview of some Aspects of the present disclosure:

[0251] Aspect 1 : A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving configuration information indicating a composite sensing reference signal (S-RS) pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern; and transmitting S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S- RS pattern.

[0252] Aspect 2: The method of Aspect 1, further comprising: sensing one or more targets based on the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0253] Aspect 3: The method of any of Aspects 1-2, wherein the configuration information indicates: a first symbol interval associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, a second symbol interval associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, wherein the first symbol interval is less than the second symbol interval, a first duration associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, a second duration associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, a first offset value associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, and a second offset value associated with the second set of S- RS symbols.

[0254] Aspect 4: The method of Aspect 3, wherein the first duration indicates a first number of symbols or slots, and wherein the second duration indicates a second number of symbols or slots.

[0255] Aspect 5: The method of any of Aspects 3-4, wherein the second offset value indicates a number of symbols offset from a first symbol of a first slot of the composite S-RS pattern, and wherein the first offset value indicates: a number of slots offset from the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern, or a number of symbols from a reference symbol, wherein the reference symbol is the first symbol of the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern or a first S-RS symbol of the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0256] Aspect 6: The method of any of Aspects 1-5, wherein the configuration information indicates a frequency resource element (RE) configuration that applies to the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and wherein the frequency RE configuration indicates a number of physical resource blocks (PRBs), a comb parameter, and an offset parameter.

[0257] Aspect 7: The method of any of Aspects 1-5, wherein the configuration information indicates a first frequency resource element (RE) configuration associated with the first set of S- RS symbols and a second frequency RE configuration associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, wherein the first frequency RE configuration indicates a first number of physical resource blocks (PRBs), a first comb parameter, and a first offset parameter, and wherein the second frequency RE configuration indicates a second number of PRBs, a second comb parameter, and a second offset parameter.

[0258] Aspect 8: The method of Aspect 7, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes at least one overlapping S-RS symbol in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and wherein S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol are mapped in accordance with the second frequency RE configuration.

[0259] Aspect 9: The method of Aspect 7, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes at least one overlapping S-RS symbol in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and wherein S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol are mapped in accordance with the first frequency RE configuration and the second frequency RE configuration.

[0260] Aspect 10: The method of any of Aspects 7-9, wherein a difference between a first number of S-RS REs in the first set of S-RS symbols and a second number of S-RS REs in the second set of S-RS symbols satisfies a threshold.

[0261] Aspect 11 : The method of any of Aspects 1-7 and 10, wherein the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols do not overlap.

[0262] Aspect 12: The method of any of Aspects 1-11, wherein phase continuity is maintained for all S-RS symbols across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0263] Aspect 13: The method of any of Aspects 1-11, wherein phase continuity is maintained separately for S-RS symbols included in the first set of S-RS symbols and for S-RS symbols included in the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0264] Aspect 14: The method of any of Aspects 1-13, wherein the configuration information indicates whether phase continuity is to be maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is to be maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0265] Aspect 15: The method of any of Aspects 1-14, further comprising: transmitting an indication of whether phase continuity is maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is maintained separately within the first set of S- RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0266] Aspect 16: The method of any of Aspects 1-15, further comprising: transmitting capability information indicating a capability of the UE for maintaining phase continuity across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0267] Aspect 17: The method of any of Aspects 1-16, wherein the configuration information indicates scheduling information for the composite S-RS pattern.

[0268] Aspect 18: The method of Aspect 17, wherein the scheduling information indicates a set of slots for transmission of the composite S-RS pattern and a transmission periodicity for transmitting the composite S-RS pattern.

[0269] Aspect 19: The method of any of Aspects 1-18, wherein the configuration information indicates respective S-RS resources for a plurality of composite S-RS patterns including the composite S-RS pattern.

[0270] Aspect 20: The method of Aspect 19, wherein the configuration information indicates a common S-RS configuration that applies to the plurality of composite S-RS patterns.

[0271] Aspect 21: The method of Aspect 19, wherein the configuration information indicates one or more common S-RS parameters that apply to the plurality of composite S-RS patterns, and wherein the configuration information separately indicates one or more other S-RS parameters for each composite S-RS pattern of the plurality of composite S-RS patterns.

[0272] Aspect 22: The method of Aspect 19, wherein the configuration information indicates a respective S-RS configuration for each S-RS pattern of the plurality of composite S-RS patterns.

[0273] Aspect 23: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving configuration information indicating a composite sensing reference signal (S-RS) pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern; and detecting S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

[0274] Aspect 24: The method of Aspect 23, further comprising: sensing one or more targets based on detecting the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S- RS symbols.

[0275] Aspect 25: The method of any of Aspects 23-24, wherein the configuration information indicates: a first symbol interval associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, a second symbol interval associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, wherein the first symbol interval is less than the second symbol interval, a first duration associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, a second duration associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, a first offset value associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, and a second offset value associated with the second set of S- RS symbols.

[0276] Aspect 26: The method of Aspect 25, wherein the first duration indicates a first number of symbols or slots, and wherein the second duration indicates a second number of symbols or slots.

[0277] Aspect 27: The method of any of Aspects 25-26, wherein the second offset value indicates a number of symbols offset from a first symbol of a first slot of the composite S-RS pattern, and wherein the first offset value indicates: a number of slots offset from the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern, or a number of symbols from a reference symbol, wherein the reference symbol is the first symbol of the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern or a first S-RS symbol of the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0278] Aspect 28: The method of any of Aspects 23-27, wherein the configuration information indicates a frequency resource element (RE) configuration that applies to the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and wherein the frequency RE configuration indicates a number of physical resource blocks (PRBs), a comb parameter, and an offset parameter.

[0279] Aspect 29: The method of any of Aspects 23-27, wherein the configuration information indicates a first frequency resource element (RE) configuration associated with the first set of S- RS symbols and a second frequency RE configuration associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, wherein the first frequency RE configuration indicates a first number of physical resource blocks (PRBs), a first comb parameter, and a first offset parameter, and wherein the second frequency RE configuration indicates a second number of PRBs, a second comb parameter, and a second offset parameter.

[0280] Aspect 30: The method of Aspect 29, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes at least one overlapping S-RS symbol in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and wherein S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol are mapped in accordance with the second frequency RE configuration.

[0281] Aspect 31 : The method of Aspect 29, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes at least one overlapping S-RS symbol in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and wherein S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol are mapped in accordance with the first frequency RE configuration and the second frequency RE configuration.

[0282] Aspect 32: The method of any of Aspects 29-31, wherein a difference between a first number of S-RS REs in the first set of S-RS symbols and a second number of S-RS REs in the second set of S-RS symbols satisfies a threshold.

[0283] Aspect 33: The method of any of Aspects 23-29 and 32, wherein the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols do not overlap.

[0284] Aspect 34: The method of any of Aspects 23-33, wherein phase continuity is maintained for all S-RS symbols across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0285] Aspect 35: The method of any of Aspects 23-33, wherein phase continuity is maintained separately for S-RS symbols included in the first set of S-RS symbols and for S-RS symbols included in the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0286] Aspect 36: The method of any of Aspects 23-35, wherein the configuration information indicates whether phase continuity is to be maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is to be maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0287] Aspect 37: The method of any of Aspects 23-36, further comprising: receiving, from an S-RS transmitter device, an indication of whether phase continuity is maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0288] Aspect 38: The method of any of Aspects 23-37, further comprising: receiving, from an S-RS transmitter UE, capability information indicating a capability of the S-RS transmitter UE for maintaining phase continuity across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0289] Aspect 39: The method of any of Aspects 23-38, wherein the configuration information indicates scheduling information for the composite S-RS pattern.

[0290] Aspect 40: The method of Aspect 39, wherein the scheduling information indicates a set of slots for transmission of the composite S-RS pattern and a transmission periodicity for transmission of the composite S-RS pattern.

[0291] Aspect 41: The method of any of Aspects 23-40, wherein the configuration information indicates respective S-RS resources for a plurality of composite S-RS patterns including the composite S-RS pattern.

[0292] Aspect 42: The method of Aspect 41, wherein the configuration information indicates a common S-RS configuration that applies to the plurality of composite S-RS patterns.

[0293] Aspect 43: The method of Aspect 41, wherein the configuration information indicates one or more common S-RS parameters that apply to the plurality of composite S-RS patterns, and wherein the configuration information separately indicates one or more other S-RS parameters for each composite S-RS pattern of the plurality of composite S-RS patterns.

[0294] Aspect 44: The method of Aspect 41, wherein the configuration information indicates a respective S-RS configuration for each S-RS pattern of the plurality of composite S-RS patterns.

[0295] Aspect 45: A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, comprising: transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), configuration information indicating acomposite sensing reference signal (S-RS) pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern.

[0296] Aspect 46: The method of Aspect 45, further comprising: detecting S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S- RS pattern.

[0297] Aspect 47: The method of any of Aspects 45-46, further comprising: transmitting S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S- RS pattern.

[0298] Aspect 48: The method of any of Aspects 45-47, wherein the configuration information indicates: a first symbol interval associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, a second symbol interval associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, wherein the first symbol interval is less than the second symbol interval, a first duration associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, a second duration associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, a first offset value associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, and a second offset value associated with the second set of S- RS symbols.

[0299] Aspect 49: The method of Aspect 48, wherein the first duration indicates a first number of symbols or slots, and wherein the second duration indicates a second number of symbols or slots.

[0300] Aspect 50: The method of any of Aspects 48-49, wherein the second offset value indicates a number of symbols offset from a first symbol of a first slot of the composite S-RS pattern, and wherein the first offset value indicates: a number of slots offset from the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern, or a number of symbols from a reference symbol, wherein the reference symbol is the first symbol of the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern or a first S-RS symbol of the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0301] Aspect 51 : The method of any of Aspects 45-50, wherein the configuration information indicates a frequency resource element (RE) configuration that applies to the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and wherein the frequency RE configuration indicates a number of physical resource blocks (PRBs), a comb parameter, and an offset parameter.

[0302] Aspect 52: The method of any of Aspects 45-50, wherein the configuration information indicates a first frequency resource element (RE) configuration associated with the first set of S- RS symbols and a second frequency RE configuration associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, wherein the first frequency RE configuration indicates a first number of physicalresource blocks (PRBs), a first comb parameter, and a first offset parameter, and wherein the second frequency RE configuration indicates a second number of PRBs, a second comb parameter, and a second offset parameter.

[0303] Aspect 53: The method of Aspect 52, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes at least one overlapping S-RS symbol in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and wherein S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol are mapped in accordance with the second frequency RE configuration.

[0304] Aspect 54: The method of Aspect 52, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes at least one overlapping S-RS symbol in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and wherein S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol are mapped in accordance with the first frequency RE configuration and the second frequency RE configuration.

[0305] Aspect 55: The method of any of Aspects 52-54, wherein a difference between a first number of S-RS REs in the first set of S-RS symbols and a second number of S-RS REs in the second set of S-RS symbols satisfies a threshold.

[0306] Aspect 56: The method of any of Aspects 45-52 and 55, wherein the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols do not overlap.

[0307] Aspect 57: The method of any of Aspects 45-56, wherein phase continuity is maintained for all S-RS symbols across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0308] Aspect 58: The method of any of Aspects 45-56, wherein phase continuity is maintained separately for S-RS symbols included in the first set of S-RS symbols and for S-RS symbols included in the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0309] Aspect 59: The method of any of Aspects 45-58, wherein the configuration information indicates whether phase continuity is to be maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is to be maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0310] Aspect 60: The method of any of Aspects 45-59, further comprising: receiving, from the UE, an indication of whether phase continuity is maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0311] Aspect 61: The method of any of Aspects 45-60, further comprising: receiving, from the UE, capability information indicating a capability of the UE for maintaining phase continuity across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

[0312] Aspect 62: The method of any of Aspects 45-61, wherein the configuration information indicates scheduling information for the composite S-RS pattern.

[0313] Aspect 63: The method of Aspect 62, wherein the scheduling information indicates a set of slots for transmission of the composite S-RS pattern and a transmission periodicity for transmission of the composite S-RS pattern.

[0314] Aspect 64: The method of any of Aspects 45-63, wherein the configuration information indicates respective S-RS resources for a plurality of composite S-RS patterns including the composite S-RS pattern.

[0315] Aspect 65: The method of Aspect 64, wherein the configuration information indicates a common S-RS configuration that applies to the plurality of composite S-RS patterns.

[0316] Aspect 66: The method of Aspect 64, wherein the configuration information indicates one or more common S-RS parameters that apply to the plurality of composite S-RS patterns, and wherein the configuration information separately indicates one or more other S-RS parameters for each composite S-RS pattern of the plurality of composite S-RS patterns.

[0317] Aspect 67: The method of Aspect 64, wherein the configuration information indicates a respective S-RS configuration for each S-RS pattern of the plurality of composite S-RS patterns.

[0318] Aspect 68: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more processors; one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-67.

[0319] Aspect 69: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-67.

[0320] Aspect 70: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 1-67.

[0321] Aspect 71 : A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-67.

[0322] Aspect 72: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-67.

[0323] Aspect 73: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-67.

[0324] Aspect 74: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-67.

[0325] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects.

[0326] As used herein, the term “component” is intended to be broadly construed as hardware or a combination of hardware and at least one of software or firmware. “Software” shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. As used herein, a “processor” is implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that systems or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems or methods is not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, because those skilled in the art will understand that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems or methods based, at least in part, on the description herein. A component being configured to perform a function means that the component has a capability to perform the function, and does not require the function to be actually performed by the component, unless noted otherwise.

[0327] As used herein, “satisfying a threshold” may, depending on the context, refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, or not equal to the threshold, among other examples.

[0328] As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of’ a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a + b, a + c, b + c, and a + b + c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (for example, a + a, a + a + a, a + a + b, a + a + c, a + b + b, a + c + c, b + b, b + b + b, b + b + c, c + c, and c + c + c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0329] No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Further, as usedherein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in connection with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “the one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,” “having,” and similar terms are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit an element that they modify (for example, an element “having” A may also have B). Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based on or otherwise in association with” unless explicitly stated otherwise. Also, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and / or,” unless explicitly stated otherwise (for example, if used in combination with “either” or “only one of’). It should be understood that “one or more” is equivalent to “at least one.”

[0330] Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the claims or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims or disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to: receive configuration information indicating a composite sensing reference signal (S-RS) pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern; and transmit S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

2. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to: sense one or more targets based on the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

3. The UE of claim 1, wherein the configuration information indicates: a first symbol interval associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, a second symbol interval associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, wherein the first symbol interval is less than the second symbol interval, a first duration associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, a second duration associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, a first offset value associated with the first set of S-RS symbols, and a second offset value associated with the second set of S-RS symbols.

4. The UE of claim 3, wherein the first duration indicates a first number of symbols or slots, and wherein the second duration indicates a second number of symbols or slots.

5. The UE of claim 3, wherein the second offset value indicates a number of symbols offset from a first symbol of a first slot of the composite S-RS pattern, and wherein the first offset value indicates: a number of slots offset from the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern, ora number of symbols from a reference symbol, wherein the reference symbol is the first symbol of the first slot of the composite S-RS pattern or a first S-RS symbol of the second set of S-RS symbols.

6. The UE of claim 1, wherein the configuration information indicates a frequency resource element (RE) configuration that applies to the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S- RS symbols, and wherein the frequency RE configuration indicates a number of physical resource blocks (PRBs), a comb parameter, and an offset parameter.

7. The UE of claim 1, wherein the configuration information indicates a first frequency resource element (RE) configuration associated with the first set of S-RS symbols and a second frequency RE configuration associated with the second set of S-RS symbols, wherein the first frequency RE configuration indicates a first number of physical resource blocks (PRBs), a first comb parameter, and a first offset parameter, and wherein the second frequency RE configuration indicates a second number of PRBs, a second comb parameter, and a second offset parameter.

8. The UE of claim 7, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes at least one overlapping S-RS symbol in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and wherein S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol are mapped in accordance with the second frequency RE configuration.

9. The UE of claim 7, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes at least one overlapping S-RS symbol in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols, and wherein S-RS REs in the at least one overlapping symbol are mapped in accordance with the first frequency RE configuration and the second frequency RE configuration.

10. The UE of claim 7, wherein a difference between a first number of S-RS REs in the first set of S-RS symbols and a second number of S-RS REs in the second set of S-RS symbols satisfies a threshold.

11. The UE of claim 1, wherein the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols do not overlap.

12. The UE of claim 1, wherein phase continuity is maintained for all S-RS symbols across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

13. The UE of claim 1, wherein phase continuity is maintained separately for S-RS symbols included in the first set of S-RS symbols and for S-RS symbols included in the second set of S-RS symbols.

14. The UE of claim 1, wherein the configuration information indicates whether phase continuity is to be maintained across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is to be maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

15. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to: transmit an indication of whether phase continuity is maintained across the first set of S- RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols or phase continuity is maintained separately within the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

16. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to: transmit capability information indicating a capability of the UE for maintaining phase continuity across the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

17. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to: receive configuration information indicating a composite sensing reference signal (S-RS) pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern; and detect S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S- RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

18. The UE of claim 17, wherein the one or more processors are further individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to:sense one or more targets based on detecting the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols.

19. A network node for wireless communication, comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to cause the network node to: transmit, to a user equipment (UE), configuration information indicating a composite sensing reference signal (S-RS) pattern, wherein the composite S-RS pattern includes an arrangement of a first set of S-RS symbols associated with a first set of parameter values and a second set of S-RS symbols associated with a second set of parameter values having at least one parameter value different from the first set of parameter values, and wherein the first set of S-RS symbols are interleaved with the second set of S-RS symbols within the composite S-RS pattern.

20. The network node of claim 19, wherein the one or more processors are further individually or collectively configured to cause the network node to: detect the S-RSs transmitted in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern; or transmit S-RSs in the first set of S-RS symbols and the second set of S-RS symbols according to the composite S-RS pattern.

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