Microfluidic chip for testing a chemical, in particular for tertiary crude oil recovery, and method for testing a chemical, in particular for tertiary crude oil recovery or natural gas recovery

Abstract

The invention relates to a microfluidic chip (1) for testing a chemical, in particular for tertiary crude oil recovery. The aim of the invention is to achieve a high degree of practicability. This is achieved in that the microfluidic chip (1) has a microfluidic channel system (2) for conducting fluid, the microfluidic chip (1) having one or more inlet portals (3, 4) for supplying a chemical and a diluting fluid, in particular salt water, into the microfluidic channel system (2), and the microfluidic channel system (2) comprising the following elements fluidically connected one downstream of the other: - a mixing section (A), which is fluidically connected to the inlet portals (3, 4), for mixing the chemical and the diluting fluid to form a chemical solution; - a stability testing section (B), which has a receiving chamber (6) that preferably widens at least in parts, for examining the stability of the chemical solution in the receiving chamber (6); - a feed section (C), which has a feed opening (16), for feeding an interaction fluid, in particular crude oil, into the chemical solution via the feed opening (16) in order to form a mixture; and - a mixture testing section (D), which has a mixing segment, for examining, in particular observing, the stability of the mixture along the mixing segment. The invention further relates to a method for testing a chemical, in particular for tertiary crude oil recovery or natural gas recovery.

Description

[0001] Microfluidic chip for testing a chemical, in particular for tertiary oil recovery, and method for testing a chemical, in particular for tertiary oil recovery or natural gas recovery

[0002] The invention relates to a microfluidic chip for testing a chemical, in particular for tertiary oil production, wherein the microfluidic chip has a microfluidic channel system for fluid conduction.

[0003] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for testing a chemical, in particular for tertiary oil or natural gas extraction.

[0004] To extract crude oil or natural gas from reservoirs with low reservoir pressure, tertiary oil recovery, also known as enhanced oil recovery (EOR), can be used. This involves injecting liquids or gases into a reservoir via a wellbore to extract crude oil from the reservoir, often via a second wellbore. One well-known method is to inject chemicals, often dissolved in salt water, into the reservoir, also known as chemical-enhanced oil recovery (cEOR). For example, the chemicals can be used to reduce the surface tension of the crude oil in the reservoir, thereby loosening the crude oil from the rock structures in the reservoir and increasing production yield.

[0005] Finding and selecting a suitable chemical for a specific reservoir typically requires complex laboratory tests. Typically, chemicals in varying concentrations are mixed with salt water and petroleum samples from the reservoir in glass containers, and phase behavior is studied over several weeks. This often involves more than 100 individual experiments, varying parameters such as chemical concentration, salinity, pressure, and temperature. This is resource-intensive, particularly in terms of the time required and the quantity of petroleum samples required from the reservoir.

[0006] To investigate the flow behavior of a liquid in a rock structure, it is known to guide the liquid through a microfluidic channel system of a microfluidic chip, whereby the usually porous rock structure is simulated in one channel of the microfluidic channel system, and a spreading of the liquid through the channel is observed.

[0007] This is where the invention comes in. The object of the invention is to provide a microfluidic chip of the type mentioned above that is highly practical for use, particularly with regard to chemical testing.

[0008] Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a method of the type mentioned above for testing a chemical, which has a high degree of practical application.

[0009] The object is achieved according to the invention in that, in a microfluidic chip of the type mentioned at the outset, the microfluidic chip has one or more inlet portals for supplying a chemical and a dilution fluid, in particular salt water, into the microfluidic channel system, wherein the microfluidic channel system has fluidically connected one after the other,

[0010] - a mixing section fluidically connected to the inlet portals for mixing the chemical and the dilution fluid, in particular according to a predetermined concentration, to form a preferably homogeneous chemical solution,

[0011] - a stability testing section with a receiving chamber, preferably widening at least in sections, in order to examine, in particular to observe, the stability of the chemical solution in the receiving chamber,

[0012] - a feed section having a feed opening for feeding an interaction fluid, in particular petroleum, into the chemical solution via the feed opening to form a mixture, and in particular to investigate a fluid-fluid interaction in the mixture, and

[0013] - a mixture test section with a mixing section to investigate, in particular to observe, the stability of the mixture along the mixing section.

[0014] The invention is based on the idea of ​​implementing testing or screening of a chemical, in particular for tertiary oil recovery, using a microfluidic chip, wherein the microfluidic channel system of the microfluidic chip implements several functional sections connected to one another in a fluid-conducting manner, such that a chemical supplied to the microfluidic channel system passes through the sections for testing the chemical. This allows testing to be carried out using small amounts of fluid and the effect of a change in concentration and / or amount and / or type of chemical can be investigated, in particular observed, with little effort. In particular, it can be tested whether the chemical is suitable for injection into a reservoir, usually as part of tertiary oil recovery, in particular Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery (cEOR). The reservoir can be a rock-forming reservoir, in particular an underground reservoir oran underground storage facility.

[0015] Since the microfluidic system comprises the mixing section, the stability testing section, the feed section, and the mixture testing section, which are fluidically connected in sequence, a chemical, in particular the chemical solution, supplied to the mixing section can pass through these sections, in particular sequentially in the specified order. The microfluidic chip typically has an outlet portal, which is fluidically connected to the mixture testing section, in particular connected to it, in order to discharge fluid, in particular the mixture, from the microfluidic chip via the outlet portal. The respective inlet portal is typically arranged upstream of the mixing section. The outlet portal is typically arranged downstream of the mixture testing section.The respective inlet portal can be fluidically connected, in particular connected, to the mixing section via an inlet channel of the microfluidic channel system for fluid supply, in particular for supplying the chemical and / or the dilution fluid, into the mixing section. The outlet portal can be fluidically connected, in particular connected, to the mixture testing section via an outlet channel of the microfluidic channel system for fluid removal, in particular for removal of the mixture, from the mixture testing section. The microfluidic channel system is typically designed to be light-transparent so that a fluid passing through the microfluidic channel system can be visually observed. Typically, the chemical and the dilution fluid are mixed in the mixing section to produce a desired or predetermined concentration of the chemical in the chemical solution.

[0016] The inlet portals can expediently comprise, in particular, a first inlet portal and / or a second inlet portal. It is advantageous if the microfluidic chip has the first inlet portal for supplying the chemical into the microfluidic channel system, in particular the mixing section, and / or the second inlet portal for supplying the dilution fluid into the microfluidic channel system, in particular the mixing section. The first inlet portal and the second inlet portal can each be fluidically connected to the mixing section via an inlet channel, in particular a separate inlet channel, in particular adjoining it. By varying a flow rate of the chemical and / or the dilution fluid through the respective inlet portal, a concentration of the chemical in the chemical solution, in particular a desired or predetermined concentration, can be adjusted.

[0017] The respective section of the microfluidic channel system is typically formed with at least one, in particular precisely one, main channel of the microfluidic channel system. The sections refer in particular to the mixing section, the stability testing section, the feed section, and / or the mixing testing section. The sections of the microfluidic channel system, in particular the respective main channels of the sections, can be fluidically connected to one another, in particular connected to one another, by connecting channels of the microfluidic channel system, usually, in particular downstream, one after the other in the specified order. In particular, an output of the respective section, in particular of its main channel, can be fluidically connected to an inlet of the subsequent section, in particular of its main channel, downstream, in particular in the specified order, by one of the connecting channels.This allows the chemical, in particular the chemical solution, to be transferred from one section to the next downstream section after passing through the section. The main channels and connecting channels can form an overall channel of the microfluidic channel system, which extends, in particular with a varying diameter, downstream from an inlet of the main channel of the mixing section to an outlet of the main channel of the mixture testing section.

[0018] Downstream typically refers to a respective flow direction along a flow path predetermined by the microfluidic channel system, in particular the respective channel, from the chemical supplied via the inlet portal through the microfluidic channel system, in particular the specified sections of the microfluidic channel system, to typically a discharge of the chemical via the outlet portal from the microfluidic chip. Downstream or flow direction typically corresponds to a longitudinal direction of the respective channel. The channel can in particular be the respective main channel. As a rule, the microfluidic channel system extends essentially along an extension plane of the microfluidic chip. Top view, in particular of the microfluidic chip, specifically of the microfluidic channel system, typically refers to a view orthogonal to the extension plane of the microfluidic chip, in particular in a cross-section along the extension direction.The microfluidic channel system and / or a flow direction, in particular along a flow path defined by the microfluidic channel system, in particular the sections, typically runs substantially in the plane of extension. The plane of extension is typically defined by a longitudinal direction and a width direction of the microfluidic chip, in particular of the microfluidic channel system. The microfluidic chip is typically substantially plate-shaped, in particular along the plane of extension. A height of the microfluidic chip is typically oriented orthogonally to the plane of extension. An orientation of an opening oriented in a specific direction typically refers to an orientation of the opening such that fluid flowing through the opening passes through the opening substantially along the specific direction, in particular such that an opening area of ​​the opening is oriented substantially orthogonal to the specific direction.

[0019] In the mixing section, the chemical and the dilution fluid can be mixed to form a preferably homogeneous chemical solution, particularly with respect to a concentration of the chemical in the chemical solution. It is advantageous if the mixing section has a microfluidic mixer for mixing the chemical and the dilution fluid to form the chemical solution. It is advantageous if the mixing section has a first mixing section for mixing the chemical and the dilution fluid. The mixing section can form the microfluidic mixer. High application practicality can be achieved if the mixing section has a mixing channel, wherein obstacle elements for multiple diversion of the chemical solution, and in particular for separating and recombining partial streams of the chemical solution, are arranged successively, and preferably side by side, in the mixing channel in the downstream direction. The obstacle elements are usually spaced apart from one another.The obstacle elements can have the same shape or different shapes. The obstacle elements can each extend essentially entirely through the mixing channel. The obstacle elements can have a longitudinal axis oriented transversely, in particular orthogonally, to a center line, in particular the longitudinal axis, of the mixing channel, preferably to the plane of extension. The respective obstacle element can be arranged and shaped in the mixing channel such that the chemical, in particular the chemical solution, can flow around the obstacle element on two opposite sides of the obstacle element in the mixing channel. It is advantageous if, in a plan view of the microfluidic chip, the respective obstacle element is spaced from side surfaces of the mixing channel. The side surfaces of the mixing channel usually refer to edge surfaces of the mixing channel that run essentially in the vertical direction of the microfluidic chip.It is advantageous if the respective obstacle element is a column. The column can have a corner-free, in particular round or elliptical, or angular cross-section in a cross-section orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of the column. The obstacle elements are usually arranged in a fixed position in the mixing channel, in particular anchored. The obstacle elements can be part of the mixing section, in particular part of the mixing channel. The mixing channel can be the main channel of the mixing section. A porous rock structure can be simulated with the obstacle elements. Obstacle elements can be distributed along a predominant, in particular essentially entire, length of the mixing channel.Typically, the respective inlet portal, in particular the respective inlet channel, is fluidically connected to the mixing channel in an initial area of ​​the mixing channel in order to supply the chemical and dilution fluid to the mixing channel downstream of the obstacle elements. It has proven effective if the mixing channel has an average width of between 80 pm and 400 pm, in particular between 150 pm and 250 pm, in a top view of the microfluidic chip.

[0020] It is advantageous if the mixing channel has a serpentine shape. This allows for a large flow path or a large mixing distance to be achieved in a small space, particularly with a small extension along the plane of extension. It is expedient if the serpentine shape of the mixing channel has at least 3, preferably at least 5, half-periods of the serpentine shape. In this way, efficient mixing of the chemical with the dilution fluid can be achieved. As a rule, fewer than 50 half-periods of the serpentine shape are sufficient for good mixing.

[0021] The receiving chamber of the stability testing section is often also referred to as the widening channel. In the receiving chamber, the stability of the chemical solution can be examined, in particular observed. In particular, it can be examined, in particular observed, whether precipitations, such as precipitation of salts, occur in the chemical solution. In particular, the precipitates can be solid precipitates. The receiving chamber usually has an inlet opening through which the chemical solution can enter the receiving chamber downstream, in particular coming from the mixing section. The receiving chamber usually has an outlet opening through which the chemical solution can exit the receiving chamber downstream, in particular continuing on to the feed section. The receiving chamber can be the main channel of the stability testing section.It is advantageous if an average cross-sectional area, in particular an average width, of the receiving space is greater than 1.5 times, in particular greater than 2 times, preferably greater than 3 times, particularly preferably greater than 5 times, particularly preferably greater than 10 times, a cross-sectional area, in particular width, of the inlet opening of the receiving space. As a rule, the average cross-sectional area, in particular average width, of the receiving space is less than 100 times, in particular 50 times, the cross-sectional area, in particular width, of the inlet opening of the receiving space. The respective cross-sectional area is usually oriented orthogonal to the plane of extension, and in particular orthogonal to the respective flow direction or longitudinal direction. The respective width usually refers to a top view of the microfluidic chip.It is advantageous if, particularly in a top view of the microfluidic chip, the average length of the receiving space is greater than 1.5 times, in particular 2 times, the average width of the receiving space. The average length is usually less than 10 times the average width of the receiving space. The length is usually measured in the longitudinal direction or in the flow direction of the receiving space. It has proven useful if, in a top view of the microfluidic chip, the receiving space has an average length of between 3000 pm and 10000 pm, in particular between 4000 pm and 6000 pm. It has proven useful if, in a top view of the microfluidic chip, the receiving space has an average width of between 1000 pm and 5000 pm, in particular between 2000 pm and 3000 pm. It has proven useful if a characterization of precipitates, in particular solid ones, taking place in the receiving space is carried out.In particular, the stability of the chemical solution can be determined as a function of the concentration of the chemical in the chemical solution, and preferably a pressure and / or a temperature. For this purpose, parameters such as the concentration of the chemicals, and preferably the pressure and / or the temperature, can be advantageously varied. This can be achieved by performing various cycles of passage of a chemical or chemical solutions through the sections, wherein each cycle is characterized by certain parameters, in particular those described above, which are typically varied between the cycles.

[0022] It is advantageous if the receiving space has a first section with a cross-sectional area that widens downstream. The first section can adjoin the inlet opening of the receiving space. The receiving space can have a second section with a cross-sectional area that tapers downstream. The respective cross-sectional area is usually oriented orthogonal to the plane of extension. The second section can adjoin the outlet opening of the receiving space. The second section is usually arranged downstream of the first section. A third section with a cross-sectional area that is constant downstream can be arranged between the first section and the second section of the receiving space. In a plan view of the microfluidic chip, this can apply to a width of the respective section instead of the cross-sectional area of ​​the respective section. The third section can be in the longitudinal direction orhave a greater longitudinal extent than the first section and / or than the second section in the flow direction of the receiving space. The first section and the second section can have substantially the same longitudinal extents or different longitudinal extents in the longitudinal direction of the receiving space. The longitudinal extent of the first section and / or the second section can each have at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, of an average length of the receiving space. This applies in particular in a plan view of the microfluidic chip. It has proven useful if, in a plan view, the first section and / or the second section have side edge contours that are oriented mirror-symmetrically to one another with respect to a central axis of the receiving space, in particular oriented in the longitudinal direction of the receiving space.It has proven useful if, in plan view, the first section and / or the second section have edge contours which are essentially straight and / or have essentially the same angles with respect to the central axis. The above applies in particular to a predominant, preferably essentially entire length of the side edge contours in the respective section. It is particularly advantageous if, in plan view, the receiving space has side edge contours which are oriented mirror-symmetrically to one another essentially along an entire longitudinal extent of the receiving space with respect to a central axis of the receiving space, in particular oriented in the longitudinal direction of the receiving space. In particular, the central axis is the longitudinal axis of the receiving space.

[0023] It is advantageous if the microfluidic chip, in particular the stability test section, has a feed capillary, which is usually fluidically connected to the feed opening of the feed section, in order to feed the interaction fluid, preferably in droplet form, into the chemical solution via the feed capillary. It is advantageous if the feed section has a preferably substantially rectilinear observation channel. The feed opening can be oriented in the longitudinal direction of the observation channel and adjoin the observation channel. The feed opening can be part of the observation channel. An opening surface of the feed opening is usually oriented substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the observation channel.This allows, particularly with high practicality, a mixing behavior and / or an interaction, in particular fluid-fluid interaction, of the interaction fluid and the chemical solution to be investigated, in particular observed, along the observation channel. The observation channel can be the main channel of the feed section. The feed capillary can be arranged so as to protrude into the observation channel, in particular in a needle-like manner, usually in a direction parallel to a longitudinal direction of the observation channel. The feed capillary can have a tapered end, which in particular adjoins the feed opening or forms it. Using the feed capillary, the interaction fluid can be fed into the observation channel in the form of drops, with several drops usually being fed in successively.The distribution behavior, in particular the movement, distribution, and / or mixing, of the droplets and / or the shape of the droplets in the chemical solution along the observation channel can be investigated, in particular observed. The distribution behavior and / or the shape of the droplets generally depends on the surface tension of the interaction fluid. The interaction fluid and the chemical solution typically form the mixture. It is generally advantageous if the interaction fluid mixes essentially completely with the chemical solution, in particular if the interaction fluid and the chemical solution mix to form a common phase. This is particularly true if the interaction fluid is petroleum. The mixture may represent an emulsion.It has proven effective if the interaction fluid, in particular the droplets of the interaction fluid, are fed into the observation channel essentially in the longitudinal direction of the observation channel, and in particular the feed capillary is arranged accordingly. It has proven effective if, in a top view of the microfluidic chip, the feed opening has an opening width between 50 pm and 130 pm, in particular between 70 pm and 90 pm.

[0024] The observation channel typically has an inlet opening through which fluid, in particular the chemical solution, can enter the observation channel from the stability testing section, in particular the receiving chamber. Typically, the inlet opening of the observation channel is fluidically connected, in particular via a connecting channel of the microfluidic chip, to the outlet opening of the receiving chamber. Typically, the feed opening is arranged downstream in an initial section of the observation channel. The inlet opening of the observation channel can be located in the initial section. The initial section can be a first third of an average length of the observation channel downstream. The observation channel typically has an outlet opening through which the mixture can exit the observation channel downstream, in particular to the mixture testing section.The outlet opening is typically arranged in an end section of the observation section, which end section in the flow direction of the observation channel can be a final third of an average length of the observation channel. The length typically refers to a longitudinal extension, particularly in a plan view of the microfluidic chip. The microfluidic chip can have a feed portal for feeding the interaction fluid to the microfluidic channel system, in particular to the feed section, via the feed portal, in particular through the feed opening, the observation channel. Typically, the feed portal is fluidically connected to the feed opening, usually via a feed channel of the microfluidic channel system, in order to feed interaction fluid fed via the feed portal to the observation channel via the feed opening.The feed portal and / or the feed channel can be connected to the feed capillary in a fluid-conducting manner.

[0025] For high application flexibility, it is advantageous if the microfluidic chip has an admixture portal that connects to the observation channel in a fluid-conducting manner, in particular via an admixture channel of the microfluidic channel system, in order to supply an admixture fluid to the observation channel via the admixture portal. The microfluidic chip can expediently have several such admixture portals, each of which preferably connects to the observation channel in a fluid-conducting manner via its own admixture channel of the microfluidic channel system. The respective admixture portal, in particular the respective admixture channel, can be connected to an admixture opening of the observation channel, in particular adjoining it. Admixture fluid supplied to the microfluidic chip, in particular the microfluidic channel system, via the admixture portal can be guided into the observation channel via the admixture opening.Each admixture portal can be assigned its own admixture opening of the observation channel. The inlet opening, feed opening, and admixture opening of the observation channel are usually separate openings of the observation channel.

[0026] The feed opening and / or the inlet opening and / or the admixture opening of the observation channel can be connected to the observation channel in a manner oriented in the longitudinal direction of the observation channel. This applies in particular to the feed opening and the inlet opening. The feed opening, the inlet opening, and the admixture opening of the observation channel can be arranged downstream in the initial section of the observation channel. It is advantageous if an average cross-sectional area, in particular average width, of the observation channel is greater than 1.5 times, in particular greater than 2 times, preferably greater than 3 times, particularly preferably greater than 5 times, particularly preferably greater than 10 times, a cross-sectional area, in particular width, of the inlet opening of the observation channel.As a rule, the average cross-sectional area, in particular the average width, of the observation channel is less than 100 times, in particular 50 times, the cross-sectional area, in particular the width, of the inlet opening of the observation channel. The respective cross-sectional area is usually oriented orthogonally to the plane of extension, and in particular orthogonally to the respective flow direction or longitudinal direction. The respective width usually refers to a top view of the microfluidic chip. It has proven useful if the observation channel has an average width of between 200 pm and 800 pm, in particular between 300 pm and 500 pm, in a top view of the microfluidic chip.

[0027] To investigate the stability behavior of the mixture, it is advantageous if the mixture test section has a mixing channel in order to investigate, in particular to observe, the stability of the mixture along the mixing channel. The mixing channel can form the mixing section. It is advantageous if a multiple deflection structure for the multiple diversion of the mixture is arranged in the mixing channel. The multiple deflection structure can be designed to separate the mixture into partial mixture streams, and preferably to recombine partial mixture streams of the mixture, and in particular to divert partial mixture streams of the mixture multiple times. This can be achieved in a practical way if the multiple deflection structure is formed with deflection elements positioned one after the other in the mixing channel, preferably side by side, as viewed downstream.An inlet opening of the mixing channel can be fluidically connected to an outlet opening of the observation channel, in particular via a connecting channel of the microfluidic channel system. The mixture formed in the observation channel can be fed to the mixing channel via the inlet opening of the mixing channel. The inlet opening of the mixing channel can be connected to the mixing channel in a longitudinal direction of the mixing channel. The inlet opening of the mixing channel is typically arranged downstream in an initial section of the mixing channel. In the mixing channel, the movement behavior and / or stability of the mixture can be investigated, in particular observed. In particular, a type of mixture, in particular an emulsion type of the mixture, can be determined.In particular, it can be investigated, especially observed, whether phase separations, for example, between the chemical solution and the interaction fluid, and / or precipitation from the mixture occur. The mixing channel can be the main channel of the mixture test section. Typically, the mixing channel is essentially linear. The multiple deflection structure, in particular the deflection elements, can be part of the mixture test section, in particular the mixing channel.

[0028] The deflection elements in the mixing channel of the mixture test section, in particular their implementation and arrangement, can be implemented analogously to the obstacle elements in the mixing channel of the mixing section, in particular their implementation and arrangement, wherein in particular the mixing channel, the obstacle elements, and the chemical solution are replaced analogously with, in particular by, the mixing channel, the deflection elements, and the mixture. The deflection elements can have a longitudinal axis oriented transversely, in particular orthogonally, to a center line, in particular the longitudinal axis, of the mixing channel, preferably to the plane of extension. It has proven effective for the deflection elements to be spaced-apart columns. The deflection elements are usually arranged in the mixing channel at a distance from side surfaces of the mixing channel.It is advantageous if the deflection elements are distributed along a predominant, in particular substantially entire, longitudinal extent of the mixing channel. Typically, in a plan view of the microfluidic chip, in particular the microfluidic channel system, several deflection elements are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction and in the width direction of the mixing channel. Typically, the average length of the mixing channel is at least 3 times, in particular at least 5 times, preferably at least 10 times the average width of the mixing channel. This applies in particular to a plan view of the microfluidic chip, in particular the microfluidic channel system. Typically, the average length is less than 200 times the average width of the mixing channel.

[0029] It is advantageous if an average cross-sectional area, in particular average width, of the mixing channel is greater than 1.5 times, in particular greater than 2 times, preferably greater than 3 times, particularly preferably greater than 5 times, particularly preferably greater than 10 times, a cross-sectional area, in particular width, of the inlet opening of the mixing channel. As a rule, the average cross-sectional area, in particular average width, of the mixing channel is less than 100 times, in particular 50 times, the cross-sectional area, in particular width, of the inlet opening of the mixing channel. The respective cross-sectional area is usually oriented orthogonal to the plane of extension, and in particular orthogonal to the respective flow direction or longitudinal direction. The respective width usually refers to a top view of the microfluidic chip.Typically, an outlet opening of the mixing channel is fluidically connected, in particular via an outlet channel of the microfluidic channel system, to the outlet portal of the microfluidic chip, in particular connected thereto, in order to discharge the mixture from the mixing channel via the outlet portal out of the microfluidic chip. Typically, an average cross-sectional area, in particular width, of the receiving space is greater than 2 times, in particular greater than 3 times, preferably greater than 4 times, the average cross-sectional area, in particular width, of the observation channel and / or the mixing channel.

[0030] A compact structure can be achieved if, in a top view of the microfluidic chip, the mixing channel, the receiving space, the observation channel and the mixing channel are arranged next to one another in an arrangement direction such that their longitudinal directions are oriented essentially parallel to one another and in a direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction.

[0031] It is practical if the microfluidic channel system is formed with a silicon layer, which is preferably arranged between two transparent layers of the microfluidic chip. The silicon layer can be formed by structuring a silicon wafer, in particular by removing material by etching and / or by laser processing. The transparent layers are generally formed with, in particular as, glass layers. The silicon layer and the transparent layers are usually monolithically bonded to one another. Channels, in particular the mixing channel, the receiving space, the observation channel, and / or the mixing channel, of the microfluidic channel system usually extend in a direction transverse to, in particular orthogonal to, the extension direction of the microfluidic chip and / or in the height direction of the microfluidic chip, entirely through the silicon layer.This applies in particular to the receiving space and the mixing channel, and preferably also to the observation channel. The silicon layer and the transparent layers are usually part of the microfluidic chip. The silicon layer usually has a thickness, generally measured in the height direction of the microfluidic chip, between 10 pm and 500 pm, in particular between 20 pm and 100 pm, preferably between 30 pm and 70 pm. As a rule, channels, in particular the main channels of the sections, of the microfluidic channel system are delimited by at least one of the transparent layers, in particular the transparent layers. The respective transparent layer can form an edge surface of the channels, in particular the main channels of the sections. In this way, a fluid located in the respective channel can be observed and / or illuminated through the respective transparent layer, in particular in a view of the microfluidic chip orthogonal to the plane of extension.

[0032] It is advantageous if channels, in particular the main channels, of the microfluidic channel system have essentially flat side surfaces and / or flat cover surfaces. The side surfaces are usually oriented transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the plane of extension. The cover surfaces are usually oriented essentially parallel to the plane of extension. The side surfaces and cover surfaces usually define a flow path, predetermined by the respective channel, of a fluid flowing through the channel and / or essentially entirely form an inner channel circumference of the channel. It is advantageous if the channels, in particular the main channels, of the microfluidic chip define an essentially rectangular or square flow cross-sectional area. In this way, observation and in particular measurement of a flow rate of fluid through the microfluidic channel system, in particular the channels, can be carried out with high accuracy.The cover surfaces can be formed with the transparent layers.

[0033] Typically, the microfluidic chip, in particular the microfluidic channel system, is designed such that the microfluidic channel system, in particular the main channels, are freely visible for observation from a top and / or bottom side of the microfluidic chip. In particular, the microfluidic chip can be designed such that the microfluidic channel system, in particular the main channels, are transmissive to light, in particular light-transparent, in a direction transverse, in particular orthogonal, to the plane of extension. This applies in particular to light in a range of an electromagnetic wavelength spectrum that is visible to the human eye. The above applies in particular to the receiving space and the mixing channel, and preferably also to the observation channel.The above applies in particular to a fluid located in the microfluidic channel system, in particular in the main channels, which, for example, is conducted through the microfluidic channel system, in particular the main channels, during use. The top and bottom of the microfluidic chip typically refer to opposite sides of the microfluidic chip with respect to the plane of extension, in particular in directions orthogonal to the plane of extension. The microfluidic channel system, in particular the sections, are typically a monolithic component. An examination described in this document can, in particular, be a typically optical observation, for example, using a camera.

[0034] The portals described in this document, in particular the inlet portal, outlet portal, feed portal, and admixture portal, typically refer to access openings of the microfluidic chip through which fluid can be supplied from outside the microfluidic chip, in particular the microfluidic channel system, to the microfluidic channel system, or through which fluid can be discharged from inside the microfluidic channel system to outside the microfluidic chip. In use, a fluid transport line, in particular a holding device with which the microfluidic chip is held, can be connected to the respective portal in order to introduce fluid through the portal into the microfluidic channel system or to discharge fluid from the microfluidic chip via the fluid transport line.The respective connecting channel can have a smaller average cross-sectional area, in particular in a plan view of the microfluidic chip, a smaller average width than the main channel into which the connecting channel connects downstream in a fluid-conducting manner. This applies in particular to the receiving space, the observation channel, and the mixing channel. The inlet opening and / or the outlet opening of the respective main channel is usually arranged on a broad side of the respective main channel, so that fluid is preferably introduced into the main channel via the inlet opening in the longitudinal direction of the respective main channel and / or discharged from the respective main channel via the outlet opening. The inlet opening and the outlet opening of the respective main channel are usually arranged on opposite sides of the respective main channel.

[0035] It is advantageous if an examination arrangement for testing the chemical, in particular for tertiary oil or natural gas extraction, is present, wherein the examination arrangement comprises a holding device and a microfluidic chip, in particular as described in this document, wherein the microfluidic chip is arranged, in particular detachably, on the holding device. The holding device can be designed to introduce the chemical and the dilution fluid into the microfluidic channel system of the microfluidic chip via the one or more inlet portals of the microfluidic chip. The examination arrangement can be designed to control, in particular to regulate, an inflow, in particular an inflow rate, of the chemical and / or the dilution fluid. For this purpose, the examination arrangement, in particular the holding device, can have a control device, in particular a computer-implemented control device, which is usually implemented with a microcontroller.The examination arrangement can be designed to generate a fluid pressure of more than 100 bar, in particular between 100 bar and 1400 bar, in the microfluidic channel system. The examination arrangement can have a pressure chamber in which the microfluidic chip with the holding device is arranged in order to generate, with the pressure chamber, a pressure of more than 100 bar, in particular between 100 bar and 1400 bar, acting on the microfluidic chip, in particular the microfluidic channel system. The examination arrangement can have a temperature control device, in particular a heating device and / or a cooling device, with which the temperature control device is used, preferably in a controlled manner, to temperature-control, in particular to heat and / or cool, a fluid located in the microfluidic channel system.The examination arrangement can comprise one or more sensors, in particular optical sensors, for example a camera, in order to examine, in particular to observe, a fluid located in the microfluid channel system.

[0036] The aim of the invention is achieved with a method of the type mentioned at the outset for testing a chemical, in particular for tertiary oil or natural gas extraction, when a chemical and a dilution fluid are fed into a microfluidic channel system of the microfluidic chip via one or more inlet portals of the microfluidic chip, wherein the microfluidic channel system has a mixing section, a stability testing section, a feed section and a mixing testing section connected in fluid communication one after the other, wherein in the mixing section the chemical and the dilution fluid are mixed to form a preferably homogeneous chemical solution, in particular according to a predetermined concentration, after which the stability of the chemical solution is examined, in particular observed, in a receiving space of the stability testing section, which preferably widens at least in sections.After that, in the feed section, an interaction fluid is fed into the chemical solution via a feed opening of the feed section to form a mixture, after which the stability of the mixture is examined, in particular observed, along a mixing section of the mixture testing section. The method can be implemented using a microfluidic chip and / or a test arrangement described in this document. It is understood that the method for testing a chemical can be designed according to the features and effects described in this document within the context of a microfluidic chip and / or a test arrangement, in particular above. The same applies to the microfluidic chip and / or the test arrangement with regard to the method.

[0037] It is practical if a concentration of the chemical in the chemical solution, in particular in the mixing section or the mixing channel, is set, in particular a desired or predetermined concentration, by varying the inflow rate of the chemical and / or the dilution fluid through the inlet portals. This can be implemented in a controlled, in particular regulated, manner using a control device. In the mixing section, the chemical and the dilution fluid are typically mixed to form a homogeneous chemical solution, in particular with respect to a concentration of the chemical in the chemical solution. It is expedient if, in the mixing section, the chemical and the dilution fluid are mixed to and / or up to a predetermined concentration of the chemical in the chemical solution.

[0038] It is advantageous if an interaction, in particular a fluid-fluid interaction, usually between the chemical solution and the interaction fluid, is investigated, in particular observed, in the feed section. This usually takes place along a longitudinal extent of the observation channel, in particular at least one-third, preferably one-half, of a length of the observation channel in the longitudinal direction of the observation channel, generally starting from a region where the interaction fluid is fed in. It is advantageous if the interaction fluid is taken from a reservoir. The reservoir can be a rock-formed reservoir, in particular an underground reservoir or an underground storage facility. The interaction fluid can be crude oil or natural gas. The dilution fluid can be an aqueous solution, in particular an aqueous salt solution.In particular, the chemical may be a chemical or belong to a class of chemicals known to those skilled in the art for use in chemical-enhanced oil recovery (cEOR). It is particularly practical to test an interaction between the chemical, in particular a chemical solution, and the interaction fluid, in particular crude oil or natural gas. It may be advantageous if the interaction fluid is essentially carbon dioxide and / or hydrogen. It may be advantageous if the dilution fluid is essentially carbon dioxide and / or hydrogen. In particular, the microfluidic chip and / or the method can be used to test the chemical for storing carbon dioxide and / or hydrogen in a storage facility, in particular as mentioned above.

[0039] It is advantageous if a fluid pressure of more than 100 bar, in particular between 100 bar and 1400 bar, is present in the microfluidic channel system. This preferably applies to at least one flow cycle of the chemical, in particular chemical solution, through the microfluidic channel system, in particular the sections. Typically, a specific, in particular predetermined, concentration of the chemical in the chemical solution is set in the mixing section during the flow cycle. The concentration is usually kept essentially constant during the flow. It is practical if several flow cycles of a chemical through the microfluidic system, in particular the sections, are carried out, with different concentrations of the chemical being set in the flow cycles.In particular, the flow cycles can be carried out, preferably directly, one after the other, in particular without interrupting a fluid flow through the microfluidic channel system. The respective fluid, in particular the dilution fluid and / or the interaction fluid, can each be liquid and / or gaseous. The chemical can be liquid and / or gaseous. It has proven useful if the microfluidic channel system is illuminated with a light source from a first side of the microfluidic chip in a direction transverse to, in particular orthogonal to, a plane of extension of the microfluidic chip. It is advantageous if the microfluidic channel system is examined, in particular observed, from a second side of the microfluidic chip in a direction transverse to, in particular orthogonal to, a plane of extension of the microfluidic chip, preferably with a camera. The first side and second side of the microfluidic chip are usually located opposite each other on the microfluidic chip.In this way, a fluid located in the microfluidic channel system, in particular flowing through it, can be examined, in particular observed. The microfluidic chip can be light-transparent with respect to the microfluidic channel system, in particular with respect to one, several, or all of the main channels. The microfluidic channel system, in particular the respective main channel, can be illuminated with light emitted by the light source.

[0040] Typically, a channel length described in this document refers to an extension in a respective longitudinal direction, and a channel width refers to an extension in a respective width direction, in particular in a plan view of the microfluidic chip or along the plane of extension. A plan view of the microfluidic chip may, with respect to a configuration and / or shape of the channels, refer in particular to a cross-section along the plane of extension.

[0041] Further features, advantages, and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an exemplary embodiment. The drawings, to which reference is made, show:

[0042] Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a microfluidic chip comprising a microfluidic channel system with a mixing section, a stability testing section, a feed section and a mixing testing section;

[0043] Fig. 2 an inlet section of the mixing section;

[0044] Fig. 3 an input section of the stability test section;

[0045] Fig. 4 an input section of the feed section;

[0046] Fig. 5 shows an inlet section of the mixture testing section. Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a microfluidic chip 1 for testing a chemical. In particular, the testing can be intended to investigate the suitability of the chemical for use in chemical-enhanced oil recovery (cEOR), where the chemical is typically injected into a petroleum reservoir. Typically, an interaction between the chemical, a dilution fluid, and an interaction fluid is investigated. Preferably, the interaction fluid is crude oil extracted from the petroleum reservoir, and the dilution fluid is an aqueous salt solution. The microfluidic chip 1 has a microfluidic channel system 2 for fluid conduction. The microfluidic chip 1 has a first inlet portal 3 for supplying a chemical into the microfluidic channel system 2 and a second inlet portal 4 for supplying a dilution fluid into the microfluidic channel system 2.The microfluidic channel system 2 comprises, in succession, a mixing section A with a mixing channel 5, a stability testing section B with a receiving space 6, a feed section C with an observation channel 7, and a mixing testing section D with a mixing channel 8, so that a fluid introduced into the mixing section A is successively passed through the aforementioned sections, in particular through the mixing channel 5, the receiving space 6, the observation channel 7, and the mixing channel 8. Typically, the mixing channel 5, the receiving space 6, the observation channel 7, and the mixing channel 8 are fluidically connected to one another in the specified order by connecting channels. The microfluidic chip 1 has an outlet portal 9 fluidically connected to the mixing channel 8, in order to discharge fluid from the microfluidic chip 1 via the outlet portal 9.

[0047] The first inlet portal 3 and the second inlet portal 4 are each connected to the mixing channel 5 via an inlet channel 10, in particular via an inlet opening of the mixing channel 5. The chemical supplied through the first inlet portal 3 and the dilution fluid supplied through the second inlet portal 4 are introduced into the mixing channel 5 in order to mix the chemical and the dilution solution in the mixing channel 5 to form a preferably homogeneous chemical solution. The mixing channel 5 can form the mixing section. By varying a feed rate of the chemical through the first inlet portal 3 and / or varying a feed rate of the dilution fluid through the second inlet portal 4, a concentration of the chemical can be adjusted, in particular predetermined and / or changed.In the mixing channel 5, obstacle elements 11 of the mixing section A are arranged one after the other and next to one another in the downstream view, so that when the chemical solution hits the obstacle elements 11, the chemical solution is diverted multiple times, and in particular, partial streams of the chemical solution are separated and recombined. In this way, good mixing and, in particular, a homogeneous concentration distribution of the chemical in the chemical solution can be achieved. The obstacle elements 11 are preferably designed as spaced-apart columns oriented in the height direction of the microfluidic chip 1, which are usually arranged in the mixing channel 5 at a distance from side surfaces of the mixing channel 5. The inlet channels 10 are usually connected to the mixing channel 5 downstream of the obstacle elements 11. Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of an inlet section of the mixing channel 5. The mixing channel 5 has a serpentine shape.This makes it possible to implement a long mixing section formed by the mixing channel 8.

[0048] An outlet opening of the mixing channel 5 is fluidically connected to an inlet opening 13 of the receiving space 6 via a first connecting channel 12 in order to convey the chemical solution from the mixing channel 5 into the receiving space 6 via the first connecting channel 12. Preferably, in a plan view of the microfluidic chip 1, an average width of the receiving space 6 is greater than 1.5 times, and preferably less than 20 times, the width of the inlet opening of the receiving space 6. Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of an inlet section of the receiving space 6. To investigate the stability of the chemical solution, it can be investigated, in particular observed, whether precipitations 27 of the chemical solution occur in the receiving space 6.For example, in a plan view of the microfluidic chip 1, the receiving space 6 can have an average length between 4500 pm and 5500 pm, in particular approximately 5020 pm, and an average width between 2300 pm and 2500 pm, in particular approximately 2475 pm. In a plan view, the inlet opening 13 and / or the outlet opening of the receiving space 6 are typically arranged on a broad side of the receiving space 6, so that the chemical solution is preferably introduced into the receiving space 6 via the inlet opening 13 in the longitudinal direction of the receiving space 6 and / or discharged from the receiving space 6 via the outlet opening.It is advantageous if, in a plan view of the microfluidic chip 1, the receiving space 6 has a first section with a width that widens downstream, a second section with a width that tapers downstream, and a third section arranged between the first section and the second section with a constant downstream width. The first section adjoins the inlet opening 13 of the receiving space 6, and the second section adjoins the outlet opening of the receiving space 6.

[0049] The outlet opening of the receiving chamber 6 is fluidically connected to an inlet opening 15 of the observation channel 7 via a second connecting channel 14 in order to convey the chemical solution from the receiving chamber 6 into the observation channel 7 via the second connecting channel 14. The observation channel 7 has an inlet opening 16, with a feed capillary 17 of the microfluidic chip 1 connected to the inlet opening 16 in order to feed an interaction fluid into the chemical solution in droplets via the inlet opening 16 to form a mixture. Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of an inlet section of the observation channel 7. The feed capillary 17 typically projects into the observation channel 7 in the longitudinal direction of the observation channel 7.A distribution behavior and / or a shape of the droplets 18 in the chemical solution along the observation channel 7 can be examined, in particular observed. For this purpose, it is expedient if the observation channel 7 is essentially rectilinear. The inlet opening 15 of the observation channel 7 and the feed opening 16 are preferably oriented in the longitudinal direction of the observation channel 7, usually arranged on a broad side of the observation channel 7, on the observation channel 7, so that the chemical solution and the interaction fluid are fed to the observation channel 7 essentially in the longitudinal direction of the observation channel 7. For example, in a plan view of the microfluidic chip 1, the feed opening 16 can have an opening width between 70 pm and 90 pm, in particular approximately 80 pm, and / or the observation channel 7 can have an average width between 390 pm and 410 pm, in particular approximately 400 pm.For example, in a top view of the microfluidic chip 1, the observation channel 7 can have an average length between 6000 pm and 7000 pm. An outlet opening of the observation channel 7 is fluidly connected to an inlet opening 20 of the mixing channel 8 via a third connecting channel 19 in order to convey the mixture from the observation channel 7 into the mixing channel 8 via the third connecting channel 19. Typically, in a top view, the third connecting channel 19 has a smaller average width than the observation channel 7 and the mixing channel 8. Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of an inlet section of the mixing channel 8.The inlet opening 20 of the mixing channel 8 is preferably oriented in the longitudinal direction of the mixing channel 8, usually arranged on a broad side of the mixing channel 8, on the mixing channel 8, so that the mixture is fed to the mixing channel 8 essentially in the longitudinal direction of the mixing channel 8. A multiple deflection structure of the mixture testing section D is arranged in the mixing channel 8, wherein the multiple deflection structure is formed with deflection elements 21 positioned one after the other and next to one another in the mixing channel 8 in a downstream view. The mixing channel 8 can represent a mixing section. The movement behavior and / or stability of the mixture can be investigated, in particular observed. In particular, for example, the formation and / or behavior of a chemical solution phase 28 and / or petroleum phase 29 of the mixture can be investigated, in particular observed.The deflection elements 21 can advantageously be implemented as spaced-apart columns oriented in the height direction of the microfluidic chip 1, which are usually arranged in the mixing channel 8 at a distance from side surfaces of the mixing channel 8, shown as points in Fig. 1 and Fig. 5. For example, in a plan view of the microfluidic chip 1, the mixing channel 8 can have an average width between 390 pm and 410 pm, in particular approximately 400 pm, and / or an average length between 6000 pm and 7000 pm. An outlet opening of the mixing channel 8 is fluidically connected to the outlet portal 9 of the microfluidic chip 1 via an outlet channel 22 of the microfluidic chip 1 in order to discharge the mixture from the mixing channel 8 via the outlet portal 9 out of the microfluidic chip 1.

[0050] To increase application flexibility, the microfluidic chip 1 can have one or more additional portals that are fluidically connected to the microfluidic channel system 2 in order to supply a fluid to the microfluidic channel system 2 via the respective portal or to discharge it from the microfluidic channel system 2. It can be advantageous if the microfluidic chip 1 has an admixture portal 25, which is fluidically connected to the observation channel 7, in particular via an admixture channel 26 of the microfluidic channel system 2, in order to supply an admixture fluid to the observation space via the admixture portal 25. The admixture fluid can, for example, be another chemical solution. It may be practical if the microfluidic chip 1 has a discharge portal 30, which is connected in a fluid-conducting manner to the first connecting channel 12, in particular via a discharge channel 31 of the microfluidic channel system 2, in order to discharge chemical solution from the microfluidic chip 1 via the discharge portal 30.

[0051] If the microfluidic chip 1, as particularly explained above, has a microfluidic channel system 2 with a mixing section A, a stability testing section B, a feed section C and a mixing testing section D, a chemical can be tested with high practicality, in particular for an injection of the chemical into an underground reservoir, in particular for a chemical-enhanced oil recovery (cEOR).

Claims

Patent claims 1 . Microfluidic chip (1) for testing a chemical, in particular for tertiary oil production, wherein the microfluidic chip (1) has a microfluidic channel system (2) for fluid conduction, wherein the microfluidic chip (1) has one or more inlet portals (3, 4) for supplying a chemical and a dilution fluid, in particular salt water, into the microfluidic channel system (2), wherein the microfluidic channel system (2) has fluidically connected one after the other, - a mixing section (A) fluidically connected to the inlet portals (3, 4) for mixing the chemical and the dilution fluid, in particular according to a predetermined concentration, to form a preferably homogeneous chemical solution, - a stability testing section (B) with a receiving space (6), preferably widening at least in sections, in order to examine, in particular to observe, the stability of the chemical solution in the receiving space (6), - a feed section (C) comprising a feed opening (16) for feeding an interaction fluid, in particular petroleum, into the chemical solution via the feed opening (16) to form a mixture, and in particular to investigate a fluid-fluid interaction in the mixture, and - a mixture test section (D) with a mixing section to examine, in particular to observe, the stability of the mixture along the mixing section.

2. Microfluidic chip (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing section (A) has a first mixing section for mixing the chemical and the dilution fluid.

3. Microfluidic chip (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mixing section (A) has a mixing channel (5), wherein in the mixing channel (5) in the downstream direction, obstacle elements (11) are arranged one after the other, and preferably next to one another, for multiple diversion of the chemical solution, and in particular separation and recombining of partial flows of the chemical solution.

4. Microfluidic chip (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the mixing channel (5) is shaped like a serpentine.

5. Microfluidic chip (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the receiving space (6) has an inlet opening through which the chemical solution can enter downstream into the receiving space (6), wherein an average cross-sectional area of ​​the receiving space (6) is greater than 1.5 times, in particular greater than 2 times, preferably greater than 3 times a cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet opening of the receiving space (6).

6. Microfluidic chip (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the microfluidic chip (1) has a feed capillary (17) which connects to the feed opening (16) of the feed section (C) in order to feed the interaction fluid, preferably in drop form, into the chemical solution via the feed capillary (17).

7. Microfluidic chip (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the feed section (C) has a preferably substantially rectilinear observation channel (7), wherein the feed opening (16) adjoins the observation channel (7) in a longitudinal direction of the observation channel (7) in order to investigate, in particular to observe, a mixing behavior of the interaction fluid and the chemical solution along the observation channel (7).

8. Microfluidic chip (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the mixture testing section (D) has a mixing channel (8), wherein in the mixing channel (8) a multiple deflection structure is arranged, preferably formed with deflection elements (21) positioned one after the other in downstream view, and preferably next to one another, for multiple deflection of the mixture, and in particular separation of the mixture into partial mixture streams and recombining partial mixture streams of the mixture.

9. Microfluidic chip (1) according to claim 3 or 8, characterized in that the obstacle elements (11) or deflection elements (21) have a direction transverse to a center line of the respective channel oriented longitudinal axis, and are preferably spaced-apart columns.

10. Microfluidic chip (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the microfluidic channel system (2) is formed with a silicon layer, which is preferably arranged between two transparent layers, in particular glass layers, wherein channels of the microfluidic channel system (2) preferably extend entirely through the silicon layer in the height direction of the microfluidic chip (1).

11. Microfluidic chip (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that channels of the microfluidic channel system (2) have substantially flat side surfaces and / or flat cover surfaces.

12. A method for testing a chemical, in particular for tertiary oil or natural gas extraction, wherein a chemical and a dilution fluid are fed into a microfluidic channel system (2) of the microfluidic chip (1) via one or more inlet portals (3, 4) of the microfluidic chip (1), wherein the microfluidic channel system (2) has a mixing section (A), a stability testing section (B), a feed section (C), and a mixing testing section (D) connected fluidically one after the other, wherein in the mixing section (A), the chemical and the dilution fluid are mixed to form a chemical solution, in particular according to a predetermined concentration, after which the stability of the chemical solution is examined, in particular observed, in a receiving space (6) of the stability testing section (B), which preferably widens at least in sections,after which, in the feed section (C), an interaction fluid is fed into the chemical solution via a feed opening (16) of the feed section (C) to form a mixture, wherein in particular a fluid-fluid interaction in the mixture is examined, after which a stability of the mixture is examined, in particular observed, along a mixing section of the mixture testing section (D).

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the dilution fluid is an aqueous salt solution and / or the interaction fluid is petroleum or natural gas.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that a fluid pressure of more than 100 bar, in particular between 100 bar and 1400 bar, is present in the microfluidic channel system (2).

15. The method according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the microfluidic channel system (2) is illuminated with a light source from a first side of the microfluidic chip (1) in a direction transverse to a plane of extension of the microfluidic chip (1) and is observed from a second side of the microfluidic chip (1) opposite the first side, preferably with a camera.

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