A magnetic haemostatic tourniquet

Abstract

The present invention relates generally to medical equipment, and more particularly to devices for stopping bleeding from arterial, venous, and capillary vessels of a damaged human limb and can be used as a first aid device in military equipment, in rescuing wounded people in combat and emergency situations, and in providing primary medical care in emergency medical facilities. The magnetic hemostatic tourniquet comprises a body (1). The body (1) of the tourniquet is made in the form of a one-piece nonmagnetic base (8) made of flexible polymeric material, including modular elements (2, 21, 22, 23, 24). Each of the modular elements (2, 21, 22, 23, 24) is separated from the adjacent modular elements by grooves (9) located at the junctions of adjacent modular elements to each other, the width of the groove (9) ΔE is selected in accordance with the following mathematical expression: 0.15h≤ΔE<1.45h, where: ΔE is the width of the groove (9) between adjacent modular elements, mm; h is the thickness of the one-piece non-magnetic base (8), mm.

Description

[0001] A MAGNETIC HAEMOSTATIC TOURNIQUET

[0002] Field of the Invention

[0003] The invention relates generally to medical equipment, and more particularly to devices for stopping bleeding from arterial, venous, and capillary vessels of a damaged human limb and can be used as a first aid device in military equipment, in rescuing wounded people in combat and emergency situations, and in providing primary medical care in emergency medical facilities.

[0004] Description of the Prior Art

[0005] Known from the state of the art is a device for arresting bleeding from damaged human limb vessels, the device comprising a belt with a pressure device located on it, the pressure device being in the form of a hemisphere with holes for the belt that is disposed at the limb above an injured vessel to clamp the vessel, and supporting cylinders disposed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the belt for the purposes of ensuring minimal compression of soft tissues of the human body and preserving a the collateral circulation in order to prevent human limb ischemia (please refer to Author’s Certificate SU 1251886, Int. Cl. A61 B 17 / 12, published on August 23, 1986).

[0006] The disadvantage of the known device is the inconvenience of use in combat conditions due to the need to reconfigure the position of the pressure hemisphere to select the area of the limb where pressure should be applied to stop bleeding from a damaged vessel of the victim, which makes it practically unusable in extreme combat conditions.

[0007] Known from the state of the art is also a magnetic haemostatic tourniquet, comprising a body comprising (m) modular elements, where m>2, arranged along the longitudinal axis of the body, forming the working surface of the tourniquet, each of the modular elements being provided with a permanent magnet for acting on the human body, and adjacent modular elements being interconnected with the possibility of rotation relative to each other to ensure contact of the working surface of the tourniquet with the human body, and a means for removable and detachable fixation of the tourniquet on a given part of the human body (please refer to Patent CN209253020, Int. Cl. A61 B 17 / 135, A61 N 2 / 08, published on August 16, 2019).

[0008] The disadvantage of the known tourniquet is the low degree of magnetic field effect on the human body at the point of application of the tourniquet due to the lack of direct contact of the permanent magnet poles with the human body, as well as due to the small area of the working surface of the tourniquet in contact with the damaged part of the human body, which leads to insufficient activation of the collateral circulation in the area adjacent to the site of injury and vascular damage, and can lead to ischemia of the human limb and necrosis.

[0009] Known from the state of the art is also a magnetic haemostatic tourniquet, accepted as a prototype, comprising a body comprising (m) modular elements, where m>2, arranged along the longitudinal axis and / or in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tourniquet body, and a means for removable and detachable fixation of the tourniquet on a given part of the human body, wherein each modular element comprises a base and sidewalls forming a cell facing the front surface of the body, with a permanent neodymium magnet placed therein having two magnetic poles N and S, and adjacent modular elements adjoin each other with their sidewalls, forming a working surface of the tourniquet intended for direct contact with the body, for example, a human limb, and are interconnected by means of flexible jumpers connecting their sidewalls, while in the cell of each modular element a permanent magnet is placed in such a way that one of the magnetic poles (N or S) is flush with the working surface of the tourniquet, wherein the modular elements are installed with the possibility of rotation relative to each other in the kink zones located in the places where adjacent modular elements join each other, and the magnetic poles N and S of the permanent neodymium magnets are staggered on the working surface of the tourniquet and form a source of a multidirectional magnetic field for influencing the human body (see application for invention UA No. a202304379, Int. Cl. A61 B 17 / 135, filed on September 15, 2023, or international application PCT / IB2024 / 050890, filed on January 31 , 2024, which was filed with a request to establish priority under the above-mentioned provisional application UA No. a202304379). As flexible jumpers - connecting elements that connect adjacent modular elements to each other - flexible ties are used that connect the sides of adjacent modular elements at the places where they join each other. Said flexible ties are inserted into the corresponding fastening holes made in the sidewalls of each modular element, while in each sidewall of the modular element there are at least two fastening holes designed to advance and tighten each pair of flexible ties to fasten together a pair of adjacent modular elements.

[0010] The disadvantages of the known tourniquet are the laboriousness of its manufacture and the insufficient degree of influence of the magnetic field on the human body at the place of application of the tourniquet due to the loose fit of the working surface of the tourniquet to the damaged part of the human body. This is due to the uneven tightening of each tie of a pair of ties connecting the sides of adjacent modular elements during the manufacture of the tourniquet, which leads to "warping" of the tourniquet body and, as a result, to a loose fit of its working surface to the damaged part of the human body. As a result, the maximum convergence of the working surface of the tourniquet with the human body is not ensured and the effectiveness of the multidirectional magnetic field on human soft tissues is reduced.

[0011] Object of the invention

[0012] The object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic haemostatic tourniquet having high performance characteristics, in particular high efficiency in achieving a haemostatic effect in local bleeding from arterial, venous and capillary vessels while maintaining and activating the collateral circulation in the soft tissues of human in the injured limb, as well as increasing the manufacturability of the tourniquet by using a flexible polymer base in the manufacture of the tourniquet body.

[0013] Brief Description of the Invention

[0014] To achieve this object, in the known magnetic haemostatic tourniquet comprising a body comprising (m) modular elements, where m>2, arranged along the longitudinal axis and / or in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tourniquet body, and a means for removable and detachable fixation of the tourniquet on a given part of the human body, each modular element having a base and sidewalls forming a cell facing the front surface of the body, with a permanent neodymium magnet placed therein, having two magnetic poles N and S, and adjacent modular elements adjoin each other with their sidewalls, forming a working surface of the tourniquet intended for direct contact with the human body, and are interconnected by means of flexible jumpers connecting their sidewalls, with a permanent magnet placed in the cell of each modular element in such a way that one of its magnetic poles (N or S) is flush with the working surface of the tourniquet, and the modular elements are installed with the possibility of rotation relative to each other in the kink zones located in the places where adjacent modular elements join each other, while the magnetic poles N and S of the permanent neodymium magnets are staggered on the working surface of the tourniquet and form a source of a multidirectional magnetic field for influencing the human body, according to the invention, the tourniquet body is made in the form of a one-piece non-magnetic base made of flexible polymeric material, including (m) modular elements included therein, each of which is separated from adjacent modular elements by grooves located at the junctions of adjacent modular elements to each other, the width of the groove (AE) being selected in accordance with the following mathematical expression:

[0015] 0.15h <AE<1.45h, (1 ) in which:

[0016] AE is the width of the groove between the adjacent modular elements, mm; h is the thickness of the one-piece non-magnetic base, mm.

[0017] The configuration of the tourniquet body in the form of a one-piece nonmagnetic base made of flexible polymeric material, including (m) modular elements, where m>2, which are part of it, make it possible to cover all or most of the area of damage to the human body, in particular its limbs, this providing a local effect of a multidirectional magnetic field on soft tissues in the area of damage to the human body in case of local bleeding from arterial, venous and capillary vessels while maintaining and activating the collateral circulation in this area. This ensures the achievement of haemostatic effect under the influence of a magnetic field on human soft tissues located in the area of the damaged limb vessels, which prevents ischemia and necrosis of the limb when applying the tourniquet.

[0018] A direct contact of the tourniquet working surface with the human body is achieved by including modular elements containing permanent neodymium magnets in a one-piece non-magnetic base, which provides the ability to rotate the adjacent modular elements relative to each other at an angle <p < 90° in the bending zones located at the junction of adjacent modular elements due to flexible jumpers connecting adjacent modular elements to each other.

[0019] Given that the working surface of the tourniquet comprises (m) modular elements, where m>2, located along the longitudinal axis and / or in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tourniquet body, and the magnetic poles N and S of permanent neodymium magnets are staggered on the working surface of the tourniquet and form a source of a multidirectional magnetic field, the effective influence of a constant magnetic field on the human body is ensured, this contributing to the achievement of a haemostatic effect in damaged large vessels of the limb with the preservation of the collateral circulation in the zone of influence of the magnetic field.

[0020] In some cases of using the tourniquet of the invention, for example, in a field hospital or during inpatient treatment of a person, the area of contact of the working surface of the tourniquet with the human body can be increased by using a tourniquet with a larger area of the one-piece base of the tourniquet body and with a large number of modular elements included in its design.

[0021] The use of a set of permanent neodymium magnets as a source of a multidirectional magnetic field allows to increase the strength of the magnetic field in the zone of influence on the human body and to provide a magnetic field with an induction in the range of between 1 .5 mT and 450 mT.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the tourniquet, the adjacent modular elements are installed with the ability to rotate relative to each other by an angle (p < 90° in the bending zones of the one-piece non-magnetic base made of a flexible polymeric material located in the places where the adjacent modular elements are adjacent to each other.

[0023] In another preferred embodiment of the tourniquet, the one-piece nonmagnetic base is made of polyethylene, or polypropylene, or polyurethane, or polytetrafluoroethylene, or polyvinyl chloride, or rubber, or other flexible polymeric material.

[0024] The presence of flexible jumpers (intermediate connecting elements) connecting the sidewalls of the adjacent modular elements to each other allows for rotation by an angle (p < 90° of one modular element relative to another adjacent modular element, and thus ensures a tight fit of each permanent magnet installed in the cell of the modular element to the surface of the human body, this contributing to the maximum approach of the magnetic pole N or S of each magnet to the damaged area of the human body.

[0025] The ability to rotate the adjacent modular elements in the areas of bending of the one-piece base of the tourniquet relative to each other by an angle <p < 90° extends the functionality of the tourniquet of the invention by adapting the configuration of its working surface to a specific place of application of the tourniquet to the damaged part of the human body.

[0026] In yet another preferred embodiment of the tourniquet, the flexible jumpers connecting the sides of adjacent modular elements to each other are located at a distance (AG) from the working surface of the tourniquet (hereinafter referred to as embodiment I), selected in accordance with the following mathematical expression:

[0027] 0.1 h <AG<0.9h, (2) in which:

[0028] AG is the distance from the working surface of the tourniquet to the flexible jumper connecting the sides of adjacent modular elements, mm; h is the thickness of the one-piece non-magnetic base, mm.

[0029] In another preferred embodiment of the tourniquet, flexible jumpers connecting the sidewalls of adjacent modular elements are flush with the working surface of the tourniquet (hereinafter referred to as embodiment II) . In this case, it is possible to rotate one modular element relative to another adjacent modular element by a maximum angle (<p = 90°).

[0030] In yet another preferred embodiment of the tourniquet, the flexible jumpers connecting the sidewalls of adjacent modular elements are flush with the rear surface of the tourniquet body (hereinafter referred to as embodiment III), which allows simplifying the design of the tourniquet body and increasing the manufacturability of molding equipment for casting a one-piece non-magnetic base of the tourniquet body.

[0031] In yet another preferred embodiment of the tourniquet, the permanent neodymium magnets used in the construction of the tourniquet of the invention as a source of a multidirectional magnetic field are placed in the cells of the modular elements and may have a different shape, namely: rectangular, or square, or round, or oval, or annular, or trapezoidal, or triangular, which expands the arsenal of means used in the implementation of the present invention. Each of the permanent magnets, regardless of the specific form of making, has parallel bases, which are its magnetic poles N and S, the magnets being installed in such a way that their magnetic poles N and S are directed to the human body in turn in a staggered pattern, which provides a multidirectional effect of a permanent magnetic field on human soft tissues and promotes the activation of the collateral circulation in the area of influence of the magnetic field.

[0032] In yet another preferred embodiment of the tourniquet, the one-piece nonmagnetic base comprises at least two modular elements arranged oppositely to the working surface of the tourniquet, with fastening elements designed to detachably fix the tourniquet.

[0033] In another preferred embodiment of the tourniquet, at least two modular elements arranged oppositely to the working surface of the tourniquet have a protruding part provided with through slotted holes for attaching a means for removable and detachable fixation of the tourniquet, for example, a Velcro fastener.

[0034] The Velcro fastener provides detachable and detachable fixation of the tourniquet in the required place on the damaged part of the human body, for example, on the limb, depending on the individual anatomical features of the human body shape.

[0035] The tourniquet of the invention ensures a haemostatic effect in case of local bleeding from damaged large vessels while maintaining the collateral circulation in the area of magnetic field exposure to soft tissues of the human body.

[0036] Brief Description of the Drawings

[0037] The essence of the invention is explained by the drawings, wherein:

[0038] Fig. 1 shows an isometric view of the magnetic haemostatic tourniquet;

[0039] Fig. 2 shows a view K of Fig. 1 ;

[0040] Fig. 3 is a general view of the tourniquet in the working condition on the lower (or upper) limb of a person;

[0041] Fig. 4 shows a cross-section A-A of Fig. 3;

[0042] Fig. 5 is a general view of the tourniquet (embodiment I), shown in Fig. 1 , in the open state (m=3x5);

[0043] Fig. 6 is section B-B of Fig. 5;

[0044] Fig. 7 is a general view of the tourniquet (embodiment II), in the open state (m=3x5);

[0045] Fig. 8 is section C-C of Fig. 7;

[0046] Fig. 9 is a general view of the tourniquet (embodiment III) in the open state (m=3x5); Fig. 10 is section D-D of Fig. 9;

[0047] Fig. 11 is an isometric view of the tourniquet (embodiment II);

[0048] Fig. 12 is view L of Fig. 11 ;

[0049] Fig. 13 is an isometric view of the tourniquet (embodiment III);

[0050] Fig. 14 is view M of Fig. 13; Fig. 15 shows a general view of the tourniquet (embodiment II) in the open state (m=5x6); and

[0051] Fig. 16 shows a view of the base of the tourniquet (embodiment II) (m=6x8).

[0052] Detailed Description of a Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

[0053] The magnetic haemostatic tourniquet comprises a body 1 comprising (m) modular elements 2, where m>2, arranged along the longitudinal axis and / or in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tourniquet body 1. Each modular element 2 contains a base 3 and sidewalls 4 forming a cell facing the front surface of the body 1 . In the cell of each modular element 2 there is a permanent neodymium magnet 5 having two parallel bases, which are its magnetic poles N and S. The adjacent modular elements 2 are adjacent to each other with their sidewalls 4, forming a working surface of a tourniquet 6, which is intended for a direct contact with the human body and is the front surface of the body 1 . The adjacent modular elements 2 are interconnected by means of flexible jumpers (intermediate connecting elements) 7 connecting their sidewalls 4. In each cell of the modular element 2, a permanent magnet 5 is placed in such a way that one of its magnetic poles (N or S) is flush with the working surface of the tourniquet 6. The modular elements 2 are installed with the possibility of rotation relative to each other in the kink zones located in the places where adjacent modular elements 2 join each other. The magnetic poles N and S of the permanent neodymium magnets

[0054] 5 are staggered on the working surface of the tourniquet 6 and form a source of a multidirectional magnetic field emanating from the working surface of the tourniquet

[0055] 6 to affect the human body.

[0056] The tourniquet body 1 is made in the form of a one-piece non-magnetic base 8 made of flexible polymeric material. A one-piece non-magnetic base can be made of polyethylene, or polypropylene, or polyurethane, or polytetrafluoroethylene, or polyvinyl chloride, or rubber, or other flexible polymeric material, which expands the arsenal of technical means for implementing the invention. The one-piece nonmagnetic base 8 made of flexible polymeric material allows for flexibility of the tourniquet. The one-piece non-magnetic base 8 generally comprises (m) modular elements 2 comprised therein, each of which is separated from adjacent modular elements 2 by grooves 9 located at the places where adjacent modular elements 2 are adjacent to each other. The adjacent modular elements 2 are installed with the possibility of rotation relative to each other by an angle cp<90°. It is possible to use the tourniquet with a different number (m) of modular elements 2, which are part of a one-piece base 8, which provides for the formation of a different working surface area of the tourniquet 6, for example, m=3x5, m=5x6, m=6x8, etc. Such a design of the base 8 of the tourniquet body 1 allows providing tourniquets having the required size of the working surface area 6 and suitable for impacting different parts of the human body.

[0057] To explain the relative positioning and the possibility of rotation of the modular elements 2 relative to each other, let us denote adjacent modular elements by the following positions 2, 2i, 22, 2s , and 24, shown in Figs. 5 (embodiment I), Fig. 7 (embodiment II), and Fig. 9 (embodiment III). Each of the above figures shows an arbitrarily selected modular element 2, which is separated from the adjacent modular elements 2i, 22, 2a, and 24 by grooves 9, located between the sidewalls 4 of the said modular element 2 and the sidewalls 4i, 42, 4a, and 44 of the adjacent modular elements 2i, 22, 2a, and 24, respectively. At the same time, the sidewalls 4 of the modular element 2 are connected to the adjacent sidewalls 4i, 42, 4a, and 44 of the adjacent modular elements 2i, 22, 2a, and 24 by flexible jumpers 7. Such a configuration of the tourniquet body 1 in the form of a one-piece nonmagnetic base 8 made of flexible polymeric material allows for the flexibility of the tourniquet when it is applied to the body, in particular, to a human limb, depending on its anatomical features and makes it possible to ensure a tight fit of the working surface of the tourniquet 6 and, respectively, of each permanent magnet 5 installed in the cell of the modular element 2 to the surface of the human body, this contributing to the maximum approach of the magnetic pole (N or S) of each magnet 5 to the limb wound in case of damage to an artery, vein or other vessel. These grooves 9 are located in the kink zones, i.e., in the places where adjacent modular elements 2 and 2i 22, 2s, and 24 are adjacent to each other, i.e.: the element 2 to the element 2i ; the element 2 to the element 22; the element 2 to the element 23; and the element 2 to the element 24. The width of the groove 9 (AE) between adjacent modular elements 2 and 2i, 22, 2a, and 24 is selected in accordance with the following mathematical expression:

[0058] 0.15h <AE<1.45h, (1 ) in which:

[0059] AE is the width of the groove between the sidewalls of 4 and 4i, 42, 4a, and 44 of the adjacent modular elements 2 and 2i, 22, 2a, and 24 respectively, mm; and h is the thickness of the one-piece non-magnetic base 8, mm.

[0060] In one preferred embodiment of the tourniquet (embodiment II), flexible jumpers 7 connecting the sides 4 and 4i, 42, 4a, and 44 of the adjacent modular elements 2 and 2i, 22, 2a, and 24, respectively, are flush with the working surface of the tourniquet 6 (see Fig. 7 and Fig. 8).

[0061] In another embodiment of the tourniquet (embodiment III), flexible jumpers 7 connecting the sidewalls 4 and 4i, 42, 4a, and 44 of the adjacent modular elements 2 and 22, 2a, and 24, respectively, are flush with the rear surface 10 of the tourniquet body 1 (see Fig. 9 and Fig. 10).

[0062] In yet another embodiment of the tourniquet (embodiment I), shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, the flexible jumpers 7 connecting the sidewalls 4 and 4i, 42, 4a, and 44 of the adjacent modular elements 2 and 2i, 22, 2a, and 24, respectively, are located at a distance (AG) from the working surface of the tourniquet 6, selected in accordance with the following mathematical expression:

[0063] 0.1 h <AG<0.9h, (2) in which:

[0064] AG is the distance (normal) from the working surface of the tourniquet 6 to the flexible jumper 7 connecting the sides of 4 and 4i, 42, 4a, and 44 adjacent modular elements 2 and 2i, 22, 2a, and 24, respectively, in mm; and h is the thickness of the one-piece non-magnetic base 8, in mm.

[0065] In yet another preferred e embodiment of the tourniquet, the base 8 is provided with at least two modular elements 2s and 2e (see Figures 5, 7, 9), located opposite to the working surface of the tourniquet 6, each of which has a protrusion with slotted holes 11 for a direct attachment of a means 12 for removable and detachable fixation of the tourniquet, for example, a Velcro fastener, on the human body. In this embodiment, one end of the fastener is fixed on one side of the tourniquet base 8 in the slotted holes 11 of the protrusion of the modular element 25, and the other end of the fastener is free and is intended to be fixed on the other side of the base 8 in the slotted holes 11 of the protrusion of another oppositely placed modular element 2e.

[0066] In the configuration of the one-piece non-magnetic base 8 of the tourniquet of invention shown in Fig. 16, the base 3 of each modular element 2 has a rectangular or square shape, but this does not exclude the possibility of performing the base 3 in the form of another figure having rectilinear sides of the same length, for example, a triangle, rhombus, five- or hexagon and other polygons. In turn, the base of the permanent magnet 5 placed in the cell of the modular element 2 may have not only a rectangular shape, but also a square, or round, or oval, or annular, or trapezoidal, or triangular shape, to accommodate the permanent magnet 5 of one of the above shapes on the base 3 of the rectangular modular element, in particular a square shape.

[0067] The tourniquet of the invention is used in the following way.

[0068] When applying the tourniquet of the invention, e.g., to a limb wound, in case of damage to an artery, vein or other vessel, the working surface of the tourniquet 6 is placed directly above the damaged area of the human limb (see Fig. 3, Fig. 4). The free end of the Velcro fastener - a means 12 for detachable and detachable fixation of the tourniquet - is wrapped around the limb and threaded through the slotted holes 11 of one of the modular elements 2s or 2e, forming a loop around the limb. Next, the Velcro fastener is tightened until the permanent neodymium magnets 5 are in full contact with the human body and bleeding stops. At the same time, the tightening force is adjusted to ensure a tight fit of the working surface of the tourniquet 6 to the body surface and maximum local exposure of the constant multidirectional magnetic field to the soft tissues of the human body in the area of damage to the artery, vein or other vessel. Due to the presence of flexible jumpers 7, which are part of the base 8 and connect the sidewalls 4 of the modular element 2 with the sidewalls 4i, 42, 4a, and 44of the adjacent modular elements 2i, 22, 2a, and 24, respectively, the possibility is ensured of their mutual rotation relative to each other in the bending zones located at the junctions of adjacent modular elements 2, 2i, 22, 2a, and 24 to each other at an angle <p < 90°. This, in turn, ensures a tight fit of the poles N or S of each permanent magnet 5 installed in the cell of each modular element Velcro fastener to the surface of the damaged limb, which contributes to the maximum approach of the magnetic pole N or S of each magnet 5 to the area of damage to the artery, vein or other vessel. The necessary flexibility of the tourniquet body 1 is provided as a result of its execution in the form of a one-piece non-magnetic base 8 made of flexible polymeric material, including (m) modular elements 2 included in its design, each of which is separated from the adjacent modular elements 2i, 22, 2s, and 24 by the grooves 9 located at the junctions of adjacent modular elements 2, 2i, 22, 23, and 24 to each other, with the width (AE) of the groove 9 selected in accordance with the mathematical expression (1 ). As a result of placing the magnets 5 in the cells of the modular elements 2, 2i, 22, 2s, and 24 in such a way that their magnetic poles N and S are directed to the human body alternately in a staggered pattern, a multidirectional effect of a constant magnetic field on human tissue is provided, this contributing to the activation of the collateral circulation in the zone of influence of the magnetic field.

[0069] In some cases of use of the tourniquet of the invention, e.g., in a field hospital, it is possible to use tourniquets having different areas of the one-piece non-magnetic base 8 with different numbers (m) of the modular elements 2 included in it, which allows to increase or decrease the area of the working surface of the tourniquet 6 and, accordingly, the area of influence of the tourniquet on the place of injury to a human limb (see Figures 15, 16).

[0070] The use of a set of permanent neodymium magnets as a source of a multidirectional magnetic field allows to increase the strength of the magnetic field in the area of impact on the human body and to provide a magnetic field with an induction in the range of 1 .5-450 mT, which allows to achieve a haemostatic effect on damaged large vessels, in particular arteries, while maintaining the collateral circulation in the area of magnetic field impact on human soft tissues, which prevents ischemia and necrosis of the limb when applying the tourniquet.

[0071] Technical Result

[0072] The technical result of the present invention is to increase the manufacturability of the tourniquet by making a one-piece non-magnetic body base of a flexible polymeric material.

[0073] Also, when using the tourniquet of the invention, a technical result is achieved, which consists in providing a significant haemostatic effect in local bleeding from damaged large vessels while maintaining the collateral circulation in the area of influence of the magnetic field on the soft tissues of the human body, which helps to prevent ischemia of the human limb.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A magnetic haemostatic tourniquet, comprising a body comprising (m) modular elements, where m>2, arranged along the longitudinal axis and / or in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tourniquet body, and a means for a removable and detachable fixation of the tourniquet on a given part of the human body, each modular element having a base and sidewalls forming a cell facing the front surface of the body, with a permanent neodymium magnet placed therein, having two magnetic poles N and S, and adjacent modular elements adjoin each other with their sidewalls, forming a working surface of the tourniquet intended for direct contact with the human body, and are interconnected by means of flexible jumpers connecting their sidewalls, while in the cell of each modular element the permanent magnet is placed in such a way that one of its magnetic poles (N or S) is located flush with the working surface of the tourniquet, and the modular elements are installed with the possibility of rotation relative to each other in the kink zones located in the places where adjacent modular elements join each other, while the magnetic poles N and S of the permanent neodymium magnets are staggered on the working surface of the tourniquet and form a source of a multidirectional magnetic field for influencing the human body, wherein the tourniquet body is made in the form of a one-piece non-magnetic base made of flexible polymeric material, which comprises (m) modular elements included in said base each of which is separated from the adjacent modular elements grooves located at the junctions of adjacent modular elements to each other, and with the width of the groove (AE) selected in accordance with the following mathematical expression:0.15h < AE<1.45h, in which:AE is the width of the groove between adjacent modular elements, mm; h is the thickness of the one-piece non-magnetic base, mm.

2. The tourniquet as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the adjacent modular elements are installed with the possibility of rotation relative to each other by an angle cp<90°.

3. The tourniquet as claimed in any on Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the flexible jumpers connecting the sides of adjacent modular elements are flush with the working surface of the tourniquet.

4. The tourniquet as claimed in any on Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the flexible jumpers connecting the sides of adjacent modular elements are flush with the rear surface of the tourniquet body.

5. The tourniquet as claimed in any on Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the flexible jumpers connecting the sides of adjacent modular elements are located at a distance (AG) from the working surface of the tourniquet selected in accordance with the following mathematical expression:0.1 h <AG<0.9h, in which:AG is the distance from the working surface of the tourniquet to the flexible jumper connecting the sides of adjacent modular elements, mm; h is the thickness of the one-piece non-magnetic base, mm.

6. The tourniquet as claimed in any on Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the one-piece non-magnetic base is made of polyethylene, or polypropylene, or polyurethane, or polytetrafluoroethylene, or polyvinyl chloride, or rubber, or other flexible polymeric material.

7. The tourniquet as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the one-piece non-magnetic base contains at least two modular elements arranged oppositely to the working surface of the tourniquet, equipped with fastening elements intended for removable and detachable fixation of the tourniquet.

8. The tourniquet as claimed in claim 7, wherein two modular elements located opposite to the working surface of the tourniquet have a protruding part with through slotted holes for attaching a means for a removable and detachable fixation of the tourniquet, for example, a Velcro fastener.

9. The tourniquet as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the permanent magnet placed in the cell of the modular element has a rectangular, square, or round, or oval, or annular, or trapezoidal, or triangular shape.

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