Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

The present invention achieves appropriate CSI feedback based on CSI prediction / compression. A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes: a reception unit that receives information for triggering an aperiodic channel state information (CSI) report; and a control unit that performs control in which information relating to CSI reported in a past periodic or semi-persistent CSI report is included in the aperiodic CSI report and the same is transmitted.

Description

Terminal, wireless communication method and base station

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system.

[0002] Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been specified for the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher capacity and more advanced features than LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (e.g., 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 or later, etc.) are also being considered.

[0004] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010

[0005] For future wireless communication technologies, utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques such as machine learning (ML) for network / device control, management, etc. is being considered. For example, as a use case of utilizing an AI model, Channel State Information (CSI) compression using a two-sided AI model is being considered. Such a CSI compression method may be referred to as AI-based CSI feedback and may be realized using, for example, an autoencoder.

[0006] Two-sided model-based CSI compression in the time-spatial-frequency (TSF) domain (hereinafter simply referred to as TSF compression) that introduces temporal CSI prediction has been studied. The two-sided model-based CSI compression in the TSF domain uses multiple CSI measurements over a period of time (at different times) for CSI compression, and can also be used to predict future CSI.

[0007] In TSF compression, when a network reconstructs CSI using multiple CSI reports (at different times) for historical CSI, if there are any missing CSI reports or timing (time) misalignment between the network (NW) and the UE, the NW model may fail to reconstruct the CSI. In other words, if the NW and the UE have different understandings of historical information related to the CSI, the accuracy of the CSI reconstruction may be affected.

[0008] Unless a method for appropriately dealing with the above-mentioned gaps / gap in historical information is clarified, it will not be possible to achieve appropriate CSI feedback based on CSI prediction / compression, which may result in a decrease in communication throughput and deterioration of communication quality.

[0009] Therefore, one of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can realize appropriate CSI feedback based on CSI prediction / compression.

[0010] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a receiving unit that receives information for triggering an aperiodic Channel State Information (CSI) report, and a control unit that controls transmission of the aperiodic CSI report including information on CSI reported in past periodic or semi-persistent CSI reports.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, appropriate CSI feedback based on CSI prediction / compression can be achieved.

[0012] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a framework for managing an AI model. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of AI-based CSI feedback. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of specifying CSI to be included in CSI report B based on CSI report A according to a first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of hardware configurations of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment.

[0013] (CSI report or reporting) In NR, a terminal (also referred to as a user terminal, User Equipment (UE), etc.) generates (also referred to as determining, calculating, estimating, measuring, etc.) channel state information (CSI) based on a reference signal (RS) (or a resource for the RS), and transmits (also referred to as reporting, feedback, etc.) the generated CSI to a network (e.g., a base station). The CSI may be transmitted to the base station using, for example, an uplink control channel (e.g., a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)) or an uplink shared channel (e.g., a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)).

[0014] The RS used to generate the CSI may be, for example, at least one of a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), a Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel (SS / PBCH) block, a Synchronization Signal (SS), a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), etc.

[0015] The CSI-RS may include at least one of a non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS and a CSI-Interference Management (CSI-IM). The SS / PBCH block is a block including an SS and a PBCH (and corresponding DMRS), and may be referred to as an SS block (SSB). The SS may include at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS).

[0016] The CSI may include at least one of a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), a CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI), a SS / PBCH Block Resource Indicator (SSBRI), a Layer Indicator (LI), a Rank Indicator (RI), L1-RSRP (Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power), L1-RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality), L1-SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio), L1-SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio), and the like.

[0017] The UE may receive information related to CSI reporting (report configuration information) and control CSI reporting based on the report configuration information. The report configuration information may be, for example, "CSI-ReportConfig" of an information element (IE) of Radio Resource Control (RRC). Note that in the present disclosure, the RRC IE may be interchangeably read as an RRC parameter, an upper layer parameter, or the like.

[0018] The reporting configuration information (e.g., "CSI-ReportConfig" of the RRC IE) may include, for example, at least one of the following: - Information on the type of CSI report (report type information, e.g., "reportConfigType" of the RRC IE) - Information on one or more quantities of CSI to be reported (one or more CSI parameters) (report quantity information, e.g., "reportQuantity" of the RRC IE) - Information on RS resources used to generate the quantities (the CSI parameters) (resource information, e.g., "CSI-ResourceConfigId" of the RRC IE) - Information on the frequency domain targeted for CSI reporting (frequency domain information, e.g., "reportFreqConfiguration" of the RRC IE)

[0019] For example, the report type information may indicate a periodic CSI (P-CSI) report, an aperiodic CSI (A-CSI) report, or a semi-persistent CSI (SP-CSI) report.

[0020] Furthermore, the reporting amount information may specify a combination of at least one of the above CSI parameters (for example, CRI, RI, PMI, CQI, LI, L1-RSRP, etc.).

[0021] The resource information may also be an ID of a resource for the RS. The resource for the RS may include, for example, a non-zero-power CSI-RS resource or an SSB, and a CSI-IM resource (for example, a zero-power CSI-RS resource).

[0022] The frequency domain information may also indicate frequency granularity of the CSI report. The frequency granularity may include, for example, a wideband and a subband. The wideband is the entire CSI reporting band. The wideband may be, for example, the entirety of a certain carrier (a component carrier (CC)), a cell, or a serving cell) or the entirety of a bandwidth part (BWP) within a certain carrier. The wideband may also be referred to as the CSI reporting band, the entire CSI reporting band, etc.

[0023] Furthermore, a subband is a part of a wideband and may be configured with one or more resource blocks (RBs or PRBs). The size of the subband may be determined according to the size of the BWP (the number of PRBs).

[0024] The frequency domain information may indicate whether wideband or subband PMI is to be reported (the frequency domain information may include, for example, an RRC IE "pmi-FormatIndicator" used to determine whether wideband PMI reporting or subband PMI reporting is to be performed). The UE may determine the frequency granularity of CSI reporting (i.e., whether wideband PMI reporting or subband PMI reporting is to be performed) based on at least one of the reporting amount information and the frequency domain information.

[0025] When wideband PMI reporting is configured, one wideband PMI may be reported for the entire CSI reporting band, whereas when subband PMI reporting is configured, a single wideband indication i1 may be reported for the entire CSI reporting band, and one subband indication i2 (e.g., a subband indication for each subband) may be reported for each of one or more subbands within the entire CSI reporting band.

[0026] The UE performs channel estimation using the received RS to estimate a channel matrix H. The UE feeds back a PMI determined based on the estimated channel matrix.

[0027] The PMI may indicate a precoder matrix (also simply referred to as a precoder) that the UE considers appropriate for use in downlink (DL) transmissions to the UE. Each value of the PMI may correspond to one precoder matrix. A set of PMI values ​​may correspond to a set of different precoder matrices, called a precoder codebook (also simply referred to as a codebook).

[0028] In the space domain, a CSI report may include one or more types of CSI. For example, the CSI may include at least one of a first type (Type 1 CSI) used for single-beam selection and a second type (Type 2 CSI) used for multi-beam selection. The single beam may be rephrased as a single layer, and the multi-beam may be rephrased as multiple beams. Furthermore, Type 1 CSI does not assume multi-user multiple input multiple output (MIMO), while Type 2 CSI may assume multi-user MIMO.

[0029] The codebook may include a codebook for Type-1 CSI (also referred to as a Type-1 codebook, etc.) and a codebook for Type-2 CSI (also referred to as a Type-2 codebook, etc.). Furthermore, Type-1 CSI may include Type-1 single-panel CSI and Type-1 multi-panel CSI, and different codebooks (Type-1 single-panel codebook, Type-1 multi-panel codebook) may be defined for each.

[0030] In the present disclosure, Type 1 and Type I may be interpreted as interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Type 2 and Type II may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0031] The uplink control information (UCI) type may include at least one of a Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), a scheduling request (SR), and CSI. The UCI may be carried by the PUCCH or the PUSCH.

[0032] In Rel. 15 NR, UCI may contain one CSI part for wideband PMI feedback. CSI report #n contains PMI wideband information if reported.

[0033] In Rel. 15 NR, UCI can include two CSI parts for subband PMI feedback. CSI Part 1 includes wideband PMI information. CSI Part 2 includes one wideband PMI and several subband PMIs. CSI Part 1 and CSI Part 2 are coded separately.

[0034] The UE performs CSI-RS / SSB / CSI-IM measurements based on the CSI resource configuration corresponding to the CSI reporting configuration (the CSI resource configuration associated with the CSI-ResourceConfigId), and derives the CSI to report based on the measurement results.

[0035] The CSI resource configuration (e.g., CSI-ResourceConfig information element) may include a csi-RS-ResourceSetList field indicating more specific CSI-RS / SSB resources, resource type information (e.g., "resourceType") indicating the time domain behavior of the resource configuration, etc.

[0036] The resource type information may indicate a P-CSI resource, an A-CSI resource, or an SP-CSI resource.

[0037] <Timing of CSI Resources> The timing of P / SP-CSI resources (e.g., transmission / reception timing) may be determined by periodicity and offset information (CSI-ResourcePeriodicityAndOffset) included in the CSI resource configuration. The P / SP-CSI resources may be transmitted in slots corresponding to positions that are multiples of the periodicity, taking the offset into account.

[0038] The timing of the A-CSI resource may be determined based on a configured offset (aperiodicTriggeringOffset). The offset may correspond to the time difference from a triggering DCI (e.g., a DCI including a CSI request field indicating a specific triggering state) that triggers the A-CSI resource / A-CSI report to the A-CSI resource. If not configured, the value of the offset may be 0.

[0039] <Timing of CSI Reporting> The timing of reporting P / SP-CSI (on PUCCH) may be determined by periodicity and offset information (CSI-ReportPeriodicityAndOffset) included in the CSI reporting configuration. The P / SP-CSI report (on PUCCH) may be transmitted in a slot corresponding to a position that is a multiple of the periodicity, taking the offset into consideration.

[0040] The timing of the SP-CSI report (on PUSCH) may be determined based on slot period information (reportSlotConfig) and slot offset information (reportSlotOffsetList) included in the CSI reporting configuration. The SP-CSI report (on PUSCH) may be transmitted in a slot that is a multiple of the slot period after the slot offset based on the reception of the triggering DCI that triggers the SP-CSI report. Note that the slot offset may be determined based on the slot offset information and a field of the triggering DCI (e.g., a CSI request field).

[0041] Note that the SP-CSI measurement / reporting (on PUCCH) may be enabled / disabled after a certain time has elapsed since the reception of the SP-CSI reporting configuration activation / deactivation MAC CE. Furthermore, the SP-CSI measurement / reporting (on PUSCH) may be performed based on a trigger state (e.g., a trigger state included in a SemiPersistentOnPUSCH-TriggerStateList information element) activated by a CSI request field included in a DCI format (e.g., DCI format 0_1 / 0_2) to which a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) scrambled by an SP-CSI-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) is added.

[0042] The timing of the A-CSI report may be determined based on slot offset information (reportSlotOffsetList) included in the CSI reporting configuration. The A-CSI report may be transmitted in a slot after a slot offset based on reception of a triggering DCI that triggers the A-CSI report. Note that the slot offset may be determined based on the slot offset information and a field of the triggering DCI (e.g., a CSI request field).

[0043] In addition, when more than one A-CSI report is specified by the triggering DCI, the timing of the A-CSI report may be determined based on information of multiple slot offsets for the more than one A-CSI report and the time domain resource allocation field of the triggering DCI.

[0044] <CSI Reference Resource> In the existing NR standard, when a higher layer parameter related to the time constraint of measurement (e.g., timeRestrictionForChannelMeasurements related to the time constraint for channel measurement, timeRestrictionForInterferenceMeasurements for interference measurement, etc.) is configured (which may mean that the value of the parameter indicates "configured"), it is specified that the channel measurement for calculating the CSI to be reported is derived based on the most recent NZP CSI-RS occasion related to the CSI reporting configuration that is not later than the CSI reference resource. Note that the channel measurement in the present disclosure may be interchangeable with the interference measurement.

[0045] Furthermore, in the existing NR standard, when a higher layer parameter related to the time constraint of the measurement is not configured (which may mean that the value of the parameter indicates "notConfigured"), it is specified that the channel measurement for calculating the CSI to be reported is derived based on an NZP CSI-RS occasion associated with the CSI reporting configuration that is not later than the CSI reference resource. In this case, the reported CSI may be derived based on one or more NZP CSI-RS occasions.

[0046] For a serving cell, the CSI reference resource for CSI reporting in UL slot n′ is a single DL slot n−n in the time domain. ＣＳＩ_ｒｅｆ n corresponds to the DL slot that corresponds to (overlaps with) UL slot n'.

[0047] In case of P / SP-CSI reporting, n ＣＳＩ_ｒｅｆis the minimum value (4.2 if a single CSI-RS / SSB resource is configured) such that the single DL slot corresponds to an effective DL slot. μＤＬ The minimum value above, or 5.2 if multiple CSI-RS / SSB resources are configured μＤＬ (The minimum value above.) Note that μ ＤＬ corresponds to the subcarrier spacing setting for DL ​​(e.g., μ ＤＬ = 0, 1, 2, 3).

[0048] For A-CSI reporting, if the UE is specified by the triggering DCI to report CSI in the same slot as the CSI request, then n ＣＳＩ_ｒｅｆ may be determined such that the CSI reference resource is in the same valid DL slot as the corresponding CSI request, otherwise, n ＣＳＩ_ｒｅｆ may be the smallest value greater than or equal to a particular value corresponding to a delay requirement such that the single DL slot corresponds to a valid DL slot.

[0049] (Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Technology to Wireless Communications) With regard to future wireless communications technologies, the use of AI technology such as machine learning (ML) for network / device control and management is being considered.

[0050] For example, it is being considered that terminals (user terminals, user equipment (UE)) / base stations (BSs) will utilize AI technology to improve Channel State Information (CSI) feedback (e.g., reduced overhead, improved accuracy, prediction), improve beam management (e.g., improved accuracy, prediction in the time / space domain), and improve position measurement (e.g., improved position estimation / prediction).

[0051] Based on the input information, the AI ​​model may output at least one information such as an estimate, a prediction, a selected action, a classification, etc. The UE / BS may input channel state information, reference signal measurements, etc. to the AI ​​model and output highly accurate channel state information / measurements / beam selection / location, future channel state information / radio link quality, etc.

[0052] In the present disclosure, AI may be interpreted as an object (also called a subject, object, data, function, program, etc.) that has (performs) at least one of the following characteristics: - Estimation based on observed or collected information; - Selection based on observed or collected information; - Prediction based on observed or collected information.

[0053] In the present disclosure, estimation, prediction, and inference may be used interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, estimate, predict, and infer may be used interchangeably.

[0054] In the present disclosure, an object may be, for example, an apparatus, device, etc., such as a UE or a BS. Also, in the present disclosure, an object may correspond to a program / model / entity that operates in the apparatus.

[0055] Also, in the present disclosure, an AI model may be interpreted as an object that has (performs) at least one of the following characteristics: - Generates an estimate by feeding information; - Predicts an estimate by feeding information; - Discovers features by feeding information; - Selects an action by feeding information.

[0056] Additionally, in this disclosure, an AI model may refer to a data-driven algorithm that applies AI techniques to generate a set of outputs based on a set of inputs.

[0057] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms AI model, model, ML model, predictive analytics, predictive analysis model, tool, autoencoder, encoder, decoder, neural network model, AI algorithm, scheme, etc. may be interchangeable. The AI ​​model may be derived using at least one of regression analysis (e.g., linear regression analysis, multiple regression analysis, logistic regression analysis), support vector machine, random forest, neural network, deep learning, etc.

[0058] In this disclosure, the term "autoencoder" may be interchangeably referred to as any autoencoder, such as a stacked autoencoder, a convolutional autoencoder, etc. The encoder / decoder of this disclosure may employ a model such as a Residual Network (ResNet), a DenseNet, or a RefineNet.

[0059] Furthermore, in the present disclosure, the terms encoder, encoding, encode / encoded, modification / alteration / control by an encoder, compressing, compress / compressed, generating, generate / generated, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0060] In addition, in the present disclosure, decoder, decoding, decode / decoded, modification / alteration / control by decoder, decompressing, decompress / decompressed, reconstructing, reconstruct / reconstructed, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0061] In the present disclosure, a layer (of an AI model) may be interchangeably read as a layer (such as an input layer or an intermediate layer) used in the AI ​​model. The layer in the present disclosure may correspond to at least one of an input layer, an intermediate layer, an output layer, a batch normalization layer, a convolutional layer, an activation layer, a dense layer, a normalization layer, a pooling layer, an attention layer, a dropout layer, a fully connected layer, etc.

[0062] In this disclosure, methods for training an AI model may include supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning, federated learning, etc. Supervised learning may refer to the process of training a model from inputs and corresponding labels. Unsupervised learning may refer to the process of training a model without labeled data. Reinforcement learning may refer to the process of training a model from inputs (i.e., states) and feedback signals (i.e., rewards) resulting from the model's outputs (i.e., actions) in an environment with which the model interacts.

[0063] In the present disclosure, terms such as generate, calculate, derive, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as implement, operate, operate, execute, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as train, learn, update, retrain, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as infer, after-training, live use, actual use, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, signal may be interchangeable with signal / channel.

[0064] 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a framework for managing an AI model. In this example, each stage related to an AI model is shown as a block. This example is also referred to as lifecycle management of an AI model.

[0065] The data collection stage corresponds to a stage of collecting data for generating / updating an AI model. The data collection stage may include data organization (e.g., determining which data to transfer for model training / model inference), data transfer (e.g., transferring data to an entity (e.g., UE, gNB) that performs model training / model inference), etc.

[0066] Note that data collection may refer to a process in which data is collected by a network node, a management entity, or a UE for the purpose of AI model training / data analysis / inference. In the present disclosure, the terms "process" and "procedure" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0067] In the model training stage, model training is performed based on the data (training data) transferred from the collection stage. This stage may include data preparation (e.g., performing data preprocessing, cleaning, formatting, transformation, etc.), model training / validation, model testing (e.g., verifying whether the trained model meets a performance threshold), model exchange (e.g., transferring the model for distributed learning), and model deployment / update (deploying / updating the model to the entity that will perform model inference).

[0068] It should be noted that AI model training may refer to a process for training an AI model in a data-driven manner and obtaining a trained AI model for inference.

[0069] AI model validation may also refer to a sub-process of training that evaluates the quality of an AI model using a dataset different from the dataset used to train the model, which helps select model parameters that generalize beyond the dataset used to train the model.

[0070] AI model testing may also refer to a sub-process of training for evaluating the performance of the final AI model using a dataset different from that used for model training / validation. Note that, unlike validation, testing does not necessarily require subsequent model tuning.

[0071] In the model inference stage, model inference is performed based on the data (inference data) transferred from the collection stage. This stage may include data preparation (e.g., performing data preprocessing, cleaning, formatting, transformation, etc.), model inference, model monitoring (e.g., monitoring the performance of model inference), model performance feedback (feeding back model performance to the entity training the model), and output (providing model output to the actor).

[0072] Additionally, AI model inference may refer to the process of using a trained AI model to produce a set of outputs from a set of inputs.

[0073] Also, a UE side model may refer to an AI model whose inference is performed entirely in the UE, and a network side model may refer to an AI model whose inference is performed entirely in the network (e.g., gNB).

[0074] Also, a one-sided model may refer to a UE-side model or a network-side model. A two-sided model may refer to a pair of AI models in which joint inference is performed. Here, joint inference may include AI inference in which the inference is performed jointly across the UE and the network, e.g., a first part of the inference may be performed first by the UE and the remaining part by the gNB (or vice versa).

[0075] In addition, AI model monitoring may refer to a process for monitoring the inference performance of an AI model, and may be interchangeably read as model performance monitoring, performance monitoring, etc.

[0076] Note that model registration may refer to assigning a version identifier to a model and making the model executable by compiling it into the specific hardware used in the inference stage, and model deployment may refer to distributing (or activating) a fully developed and tested model runtime image (or execution environment image) to (or enabling) a target (e.g., UE / gNB) where inference will be performed.

[0077] An actor stage may include action triggers (e.g., deciding whether to trigger an action on another entity), feedback (e.g., feeding back information needed for training data / inference data / performance feedback), etc.

[0078] For example, training of a model for mobility optimization may be performed in, for example, Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM) / gNodeB (gNB) in a network (NW). In the former case, interoperability, large-capacity storage, operator manageability, and model flexibility (feature engineering, etc.) are advantageous. In the latter case, the latency of model updates and the need for data exchange for model deployment are advantageous. Inference of the above model may be performed in, for example, a gNB.

[0079] The entity that performs training / inference may vary depending on the use case (i.e., the function of the AI ​​model), which may include beam management, beam prediction, autoencoder (or information compression), CSI feedback, positioning, etc.

[0080] For example, for AI-assisted beam management based on measurement reports, the OAM / gNB may perform model training and the gNB may perform model inference.

[0081] For AI-assisted UE-assisted positioning, a Location Management Function (LMF) may perform model training and the LMF may perform model inference.

[0082] For CSI feedback / channel estimation using an autoencoder, the OAM / gNB / UE may perform model training and the gNB / UE may perform model inference (jointly).

[0083] For AI-assisted beam management or AI-assisted UE-based positioning based on beam measurements, the OAM / gNB / UE may perform model training and the UE may perform model inference.

[0084] Note that model activation may mean activating an AI model for a specific function, model deactivation may mean disabling an AI model for a specific function, and model switching may mean deactivating a currently active AI model for a specific function and activating a different AI model.

[0085] Model transfer may also refer to distributing an AI model over the air interface. This distribution may include distributing parameters of a model structure already known at the receiving end, or a new model with parameters, or both. This distribution may include a complete model or a partial model. Model download may refer to transferring a model from the network to the UE. Model upload may refer to transferring a model from the UE to the network.

[0086] (AI-Based CSI Feedback) As a use case of utilizing an AI model, CSI compression using a two-sided AI model is being considered. Such a CSI compression method may be called AI-based CSI feedback and may be realized using, for example, an autoencoder.

[0087] 2 is a diagram showing an example of AI-based CSI feedback. The UE pre-processes measurement results related to CSI or the CSI itself, inputs the CSI into a generative model, and obtains an output. The UE post-processes the information output from the model to obtain a bit string, which is then transmitted to the NW (base station). This transmitted bit string may be referred to as CSI feedback information, a CSI feedback instance, or the like.

[0088] The NW (base station) performs pre-processing on the received bit string and inputs it into a reconstruction model to obtain an output. The NW (base station) performs post-processing on the information output from the model to obtain (reconstruct) the measurement results or CSI related to the original CSI.

[0089] The generative model corresponds to the encoder, and the reconstruction model corresponds to the decoder. Note that each pre-processing / post-processing may not be performed if not necessary. Note that the encoder / decoder itself may include pre-processing for input, post-processing for output, etc.

[0090] The CSI input to the generation model may include, for example, information on channel coefficients (elements of a channel matrix) or information on precoding coefficients (elements of a precoding matrix). In other words, the CSI may correspond to information on the channel state in the spatial-frequency (SF) domain. Note that the input may include information other than the CSI.

[0091] The CSI output from the decoder may be reconstructed CSI corresponding to the input to the encoder, or may be CSI different from the input to the encoder (e.g., information on precoding coefficients if the input information is information on channel coefficients).

[0092] The transmitted encoded bits are more compressed than the input information before encoding, which is expected to reduce the communication overhead required for CSI feedback.

[0093] Meanwhile, temporal CSI prediction using an AI model is also being considered. In temporal CSI prediction, the UE generates a CSI report for the current / future CSI based on information related to currently / past measured / reported CSI (also called historical CSI) and reports it to the NW (gNB). Note that the future CSI may be called future CSI.

[0094] The NW (gNB) obtains (derives) current CSI or historical CSI based on one or more received CSI reports. The NW (gNB) reconstructs (or predicts) current / future CSI.

[0095] Historical CSI may be interchangeably referred to as past CSI [information]. Historical CSI for a UE may include at least one of any information derived from past model inputs, the past model inputs themselves, a set of CSI for each CSI-RS opportunity, etc. Historical CSI for a network may include at least one of any information derived from past CSI feedback instances, the past CSI feedback instances themselves, etc.

[0096] (Analysis) As a different aspect of the above-mentioned SF-domain two-sided model-based CSI compression (hereinafter simply referred to as SF compression), a time-spatial-frequency (TSF) domain two-sided model-based CSI compression (hereinafter simply referred to as TSF compression) that introduces temporal CSI prediction has been studied. The TSF-domain two-sided model-based CSI compression is a technique that uses multiple CSI measurement results over a certain period of time (at different times) for CSI compression, and can also be used to predict future CSI.

[0097] The target time of CSI reported by CSI prediction / compression may be referred to as target CSI time. The target CSI time may indicate the time to which CSI feedback in the CSI report corresponds. For example, if time is a slot, the target CSI time is the target CSI slot. Note that the target CSI may refer to the compressed / predicted CSI, or may refer to the CSI calculated based on UE measurements, ideal CSI (simulated CSI, fixed value), actual CSI, ground truth CSI, etc.

[0098] The target CSI time may be the current time, a future time, etc. The current time may indicate the time of the most recent CSI-RS measurement used to generate the CSI report. The future time may include at least one time after the current time, and may also include the current time.

[0099] If the target CSI time is in the future, the UE may perform prediction as a separate or joint step with compression. Similarly, if the target CSI time is in the future, the network may perform prediction as a separate or joint step with reconstruction.

[0100] In TSF compression, when a network reconstructs CSI using multiple CSI reports (at different times) for historical CSI, if there are any missing CSI reports or timing (time) misalignment between the network and the UE, the network model may fail to reconstruct the CSI. In other words, if the network and the UE have different understandings of historical information related to the CSI, the accuracy of the CSI reconstruction may be affected.

[0101] The present inventors have noticed that existing standards / studies do not provide a mechanism for a UE to know whether a network has successfully decoded a P / SP-CSI report. If the UE can know this, it is possible to suppress discrepancies in historical information between the network and the UE.

[0102] Unless a method for appropriately dealing with the above-mentioned gaps / gap in historical information is clarified, it will not be possible to achieve appropriate CSI feedback based on CSI prediction / compression, which may result in a decrease in communication throughput and deterioration of communication quality.

[0103] Therefore, the present inventors have devised a setting / control method for realizing appropriate CSI feedback based on CSI prediction / compression. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to have a UE report some [historical] CSI that a base station was unable to receive (decode), or to have the UE report CSI that can be reconstructed without using the [historical] CSI.

[0104] Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Wireless communication methods according to the embodiments may be applied independently or in combination.

[0105] (Various Reinterpretations) In the present disclosure, a word enclosed in "( )" in a sentence may indicate an explanation of the word immediately preceding it (for example, an explanation of spelling), a paraphrase, a specific example, a supplementary explanation, etc. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, a word enclosed in "[ ]" in a sentence may be interpreted including the word in the meaning of the entire sentence, or may be interpreted excluding (ignoring) the word in the meaning of the entire sentence. Note that "( )" and "[ ]" may also be used for purposes / meanings other than those mentioned above.

[0106] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0107] In the present disclosure, terms such as notify, activate, deactivate, indicate (or indicate), select, configure, update, and determine may be read interchangeably. In the present disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operate may be read interchangeably.

[0108] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher layer parameters, fields, information elements (IEs), settings, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CEs), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0109] In the present disclosure, the higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., messages from the core network such as positioning protocol (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages), or a combination thereof.

[0110] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. Broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0111] In the present disclosure, physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and the like.

[0112] In this disclosure, "functionality" may refer to a set of parameters / features (e.g., a set of parameters for waveform transformation techniques, CSI prediction, beam prediction, CSI compression, etc.) that are supported based on conditions specified by the UE capabilities.

[0113] In this disclosure, a "model identifier (ID)" may refer to an ID associated with a functionality / additional condition (or a model corresponding to that ID). Note that a model ID may be interchangeably read as an AI ID, a dataset ID, a pairing ID, etc.

[0114] In the present disclosure, function / functionality may be read as any of feature, function, and functionality.

[0115] In the present disclosure, [AI / ML] model, model, [AI / ML] function, functionality, model ID, function ID, functionality ID, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0116] Model in this disclosure may refer to a model for CSI [measurement / reporting / prediction / compression].

[0117] In the present disclosure, UCI, CSI transmission, CSI, CSI report (CSI report), CSI feedback, feedback information, encoded bits, feedback bits, CSI feedback method, CSI feedback scheme, beam report, beam report scheme, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, measurement, CSI measurement, CSI-RS measurement, etc. may be interchangeable. Also, in the present disclosure, CSI-RS [resource], SSB [resource], CSI resource, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0118] In addition, in this disclosure, the terms bit [sequence], encoded bit [sequence], bit sequence, sequence, value, information, value obtained from bits, information obtained from bits, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0119] In the present disclosure, timing, time, period, time instance, slot, subslot, symbol, subframe, opportunity, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0120] In the present disclosure, CSI resources for measuring past (historical) CSI information may be interchangeably referred to as historical CSI resources, time-series CSI resources, set B, set B resources, CSI resources for prediction, etc. Furthermore, historical CSI resources may correspond to each opportunity of CSI-RS resources. CSI resources corresponding to predicted (future) CSI information may be interchangeably referred to as future CSI resources, set A, set A resources, predicted CSI resources, CSI resources corresponding to reported CSI, etc.

[0121] The historical CSI resource may be a resource at a time earlier than a first offset from the timing of starting prediction or reporting a prediction result (predicted CSI, feedback instance). For example, the historical CSI resource may correspond to a CSI resource that is not later than a CSI reference resource obtained by replacing the uplink slot n′ for CSI reporting with the slot of starting prediction or the slot for reporting a prediction result in the definition of the existing CSI reference resource.

[0122] The future CSI resource may be a resource at a time after a second offset from the start ( / end) of prediction or the timing of reporting the prediction result (predicted CSI, feedback instance). The first offset, second offset, etc. may be any value, or may be 0. Information indicating the first offset / second offset may be included in the feedback instance. In the present disclosure, the NW may reconstruct CSI in the future CSI resource based on historical CSI information regarding one or more historical CSI resources obtained from one or more feedback instances.

[0123] In this disclosure, the terms missed, lost, not received, failed reception, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0124] (Wireless Communication Method) First Embodiment The first embodiment relates to a UE configuration and corresponding behavior for reporting missed CSI transmissions.

[0125] In the first embodiment, a UE may be configured with multiple CSI reporting configurations including the same CSI-RS resource / same CSI-RS resource set. The multiple CSI reporting configurations may correspond to the same model. For example, one of the multiple CSI reporting configurations may be for CSI report A (a configuration for configuring CSI report A), and another may be for CSI report B.

[0126] Note that CSI report A may be called a first CSI report, and may be, for example, a P / SP-CSI report (further, for example, a P / SP-CSI report in a PUCCH), and CSI report B may be called a second CSI report, and may be, for example, an A-CSI report.

[0127] CSI report B may be used to report CSI that should have been reported in missed CSI report A. For example, if the network (gNB) does not receive CSI report A at the time it should have received the CSI report A (e.g., it was not able to receive the CSI report A or the decoding failed), the network (gNB) may reschedule (schedule / control to report) the CSI report (CSI report B) for the CSI in order to report the CSI that should have been reported in the CSI report A.

[0128] In the present disclosure, the CSI that was to be reported in the [missed] CSI report A may be interchangeably read as the CSI included in the transmitted CSI report A [and missed], the CSI for the measurement corresponding to the [missed] CSI report A, etc.

[0129] Also, in the present disclosure, triggering of CSI report B may be interchangeably read as receiving an indication that CSI (corresponding to CSI report A) is missed (or CSI is missing). Such an indication may be referred to as a CSI missing indication, CSI missing information, etc. Note that the DCI that triggers CSI report B may correspond to the CSI missing indication, or these may be separate information / signaling.

[0130] Note that the DCI (triggering DCI) (or CSI missing indication) that triggers CSI report B may include a CSI request field indicating a specific trigger state, or may include model information (e.g., model ID) indicating the same model corresponding to the multiple CSI reporting configurations. The UE may perform the behavior in the first embodiment based on the CSI request field or the model information.

[0131] <<Time-Based Identification of CSI to Include in CSI Report B>> When CSI report B is triggered (e.g., before or at the time), the UE may identify / configure / instruct to report (by said CSI report B) the CSI measured / reported within a certain time range (for CSI report A). The time range may be expressed in units of frames, subframes, slots, symbols, symbol sets, milliseconds, etc.

[0132] The time range may be [T-X, T-Y] (=≥ T-X, <= T-Y), where T may be called a reference time and may correspond, for example, to at least one of the following, or to a time index based on at least one of the following: the time index at which the triggered CSI [report B] is reported, the time index at which CSI report B is triggered, the time index at which the most recent CSI report A / B is reported, the start time index of the current radio frame,

[0133] The time range may be [T-X, T] (in this case, Y does not have to be set, or this time range may be used when Y is not set). The upper and lower limits of the time range may be any combination of T, T-X, T+X, T-Y, T+Y, etc.

[0134] T / X / Y may be expressed in units of frames, subframes, slots, symbols, symbol sets, [milliseconds], etc., or in units of the period of CSI report A (the number of periods of CSI report A).

[0135] Which of the above-mentioned time indexes is used as T, the values ​​of X / Y, etc. may be specified in advance in a standard, or may be determined based on at least one of a parameter configured / instructed to the UE by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, a UE capability, a model associated with [CSI reporting configuration / CSI report A / CSI report B], etc. Information regarding at least one of which of the above-mentioned time indexes is used as T, the values ​​of X / Y, etc. may be included in the DCI triggering CSI report B.

[0136] The UE may report (through the CSI report B) some or all of the CSI measured / reported within the time range (for CSI report A) (regardless of whether the CSI is successfully received in the NW). For example, the UE may report (through the CSI report B) a predetermined number of CSIs measured / reported within the time range (for CSI report A) from the beginning (or the end). The predetermined number may be specified in advance in a standard, or may be determined based on at least one of a parameter configured / instructed to the UE by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, UE capability, a model associated with the CSI reporting configuration / CSI report A / CSI report B, etc.

[0137] <<Determining CSI to be Included in CSI Report B Based on CSI Report A>> When CSI report B is triggered (e.g., before or at the time), the UE may be configured / instructed to specify an index N for specifying one or more CSIs [for CSI report A]. Information indicating the index N may be included in the DCI that triggers CSI report B. For example, the UE may report [via the above-mentioned CSI report B] the CSI reported in the CSI report A that is N times earlier, taking the most recent CSI report A as a reference (N=0).

[0138] 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of specifying CSI to be included in CSI report B based on CSI report A according to the first embodiment. In this example, a UE is configured to report CSI report A at a period P. In this example, the UE receives a triggering DCI for CSI report B including information indicating index N at a timing after transmitting the third CSI report A and before transmitting the fourth CSI report A.

[0139] For example, when N=0 is indicated, the UE reports the CSI reported in the most recent, third CSI report A in the CSI report B. When N=1 is indicated, the UE reports the CSI reported in the second CSI report A, which is immediately before the most recent, third CSI report A, in the CSI report B. Note that information indicating multiple indexes N may be notified. For example, when N=0 and N=1 are indicated, the UE reports the CSI reported in the second CSI report A and the CSI reported in the third CSI report A in the CSI report B.

[0140] <<Another Identification of CSI to be Included in CSI Report B Based on CSI Report A>> The UE may include a specific index in each CSI report A / B. This index may indicate a value indicating the ordinal number of this CSI report A / B [with respect to a certain time reference / since the transmission of the previous CSI report B].

[0141] When (e.g., before or at the time) CSI report B is triggered, the UE may be configured / instructed to set / indicate the specific index. Information indicating the specific index may be included in the DCI triggering CSI report B. For example, the UE may report (by CSI report B) CSI for measurements corresponding to CSI report A / B having the same index as the indicated specific index.

[0142] In this case, the network can notify the UE of the specific index corresponding to the missed CSI report A, thereby allowing the UE to report the CSI of the missed CSI report A [via CSI report B].

[0143] <<Content of CSI to be Included in CSI Report B>> The UE may reuse the content reported by CSI report A to generate the CSI for CSI report B. The UE may not use information about CSI measured after the slot used for measuring / reporting CSI report A to generate the CSI for CSI report B.

[0144] In the present disclosure, information regarding CSI may correspond to at least one of CSI measurements [values / results], CSI reports generated by CSI measurements [values / results], information extracted from CSI measurements [values / results] and stored in the UE, etc.

[0145] According to the first embodiment described above, the UE can appropriately report missed CSI transmission.

[0146] Second Embodiment The second embodiment relates to the behavior of a UE that receives CSI missing information.

[0147] The CSI missing information may include slot information (e.g., a slot index) for identifying the slot in which the CSI report was transmitted (scheduled to be transmitted). The slot information may be absolute slot information (based on the beginning of the frame) defined in the radio frame configuration, or slot information indicating a relative offset (to the slot in which the CSI report was transmitted (scheduled to be transmitted)) from the slot in which the UE received the CSI missing information.

[0148] After receiving the CSI missing information including the slot information, the UE may not generate a CSI report using information regarding the CSI measured in the slot indicated by the slot information.

[0149] The UE may be notified of information indicating a failure of the most recent PUCCH / PUSCH transmission (or reception) including CSI report [A]. After receiving the information indicating the failure, the UE may not generate a CSI report using any information regarding the CSI corresponding to the most recent CSI report [A].

[0150] In other words, the UE may reset or regenerate historical information (for generating CSI for CSI report A) based on the CSI missing information or the information indicating the failure.

[0151] According to the second embodiment described above, for example, it is possible to control not to use (not to report) CSI that has not been received in the NW, thereby suppressing undesirable situations such as a delay in CSI reconfiguration in the NW due to the CSI being retransmitted late from the UE.

[0152] Third Embodiment The third embodiment relates to the behavior of a multi-stage CSI reporting scheme in a UE.

[0153] The UE may be configured with multiple (e.g., two or three) fallback levels for CSI. In the present disclosure, the terms level, stage, mode, type, target, etc. may be interchangeable. Also, in the present disclosure, the terms fallback level and level may be interchangeable. The levels may be different models, functions with different conditions / settings, or specified methods (e.g., codebooks in existing NR standards).

[0154] For example, the first level may be a level for measuring / reporting for existing CSI (legacy CSI), the second level may be a level for measuring / reporting for CSI for SF compression (e.g., which may be referred to as SF-CSI), and the third level may be a level for measuring / reporting for CSI for TSF compression (e.g., which may be referred to as TSF-CSI).

[0155] The UE may control (increase or decrease) the fallback level based on an instruction [regarding fallback] including level information notified from the NW. The level information may be information specifying a specific level or information indicating how much the level should be increased / decreased (for example, by +1, +2, −1, or −2).

[0156] That is, the UE may switch between at least two of generating a CSI report for legacy CSI, generating a CSI report for SF compression, and generating a CSI report for TSF compression based on the above instruction.

[0157] When the UE receives an instruction [regarding fallback] including level information, the UE may be controlled to perform measurements / reports for the CSI corresponding to the level indicated by the information.

[0158] If the UE receives an instruction [regarding fallback] that includes level information, the UE may not generate CSI that includes information about previously measured CSI.

[0159] When a UE receives a fallback instruction including level information, the UE may not generate CSI including information about CSI measured before the time offset from the reception of the instruction. The time offset may be predefined in a standard or may be determined based on at least one of parameters configured / instructed to the UE by higher layer / physical layer signaling, UE capabilities, a model associated with the CSI reporting configuration / level, etc. Note that the UE may use historical CSI information measured after the reception of the instruction.

[0160] <<Modifications>> The above-mentioned instruction [regarding fallback] in the third embodiment may be interpreted as other information (e.g., CSI missing information in the second embodiment, specific information (e.g., prediction / compression performance of CSI to be monitored or notified)), or the like.

[0161] The UE may control to lower the level (e.g., from the third level to the second level) when it receives the CSI missing information in the second embodiment a certain number of times in a certain period. The UE may also control (increase or decrease) the fallback level based on specific information (e.g., the prediction / compression performance of the monitored or notified CSI).

[0162] The UE may autonomously control (increase or decrease) the fallback level.

[0163] According to the third embodiment described above, the UE is instructed to report CSI (SF-CSI) that can be reconfigured without using CSI (TSF-CSI) that was not received in the network, and by the UE reporting the CSI that can be reconfigured, it is possible to prevent undesirable situations, such as delays in CSI reconfiguration in the network, from occurring.

[0164] <Supplementary Information> <<Notification of Information to UE>> In the above-described embodiments, notification of any information to the UE [from a Network (NW) (e.g., a Base Station (BS))] (in other words, reception of any information from the BS by the UE) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0165] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) in the MAC subheader, which is not defined in existing standards.

[0166] When the notification is made by DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0167] Furthermore, notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments may be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0168] <<Notification of Information from UE>> In the above-described embodiments, notification of any information from the UE [to the NW] (in other words, transmission / report of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0169] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new LCID, which is not defined in existing standards, in the MAC subheader.

[0170] If the notification is made by UCI, the notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0171] Furthermore, any information in the above-described embodiments may be notified from the UE periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0172] <<Regarding Application of Each Embodiment>> In a UE / BS, specific (one or more) processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information for at least one of the above-mentioned embodiments may be applied (used) when one or more of the following conditions are met: - a higher layer parameter indicating the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is configured; - the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is determined based on related higher layer parameters; - the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is specified / activated / triggered by a MAC CE / DCI / UCI / resource / channel / RS; - a specific UE capability indicating (or related to) the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is reported or supported; - the application of the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information is determined based on specific conditions.

[0173] The specific UE capability may indicate at least one of the following: - Supporting the specific processing / operation / control / assumption / information; - Supporting [AI-based] CSI feedback / prediction / compression [for specific features / functionality / models]; - Supported values ​​(or value ranges) of X / Y / N in the first embodiment; - Supported k0 values ​​associated with [specific] AI indicators / AI granularity; - Supported k1 values ​​associated with [specific] AI indicators / AI granularity; - Supported k2 values ​​associated with [specific] AI indicators / AI granularity.

[0174] Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or may be a capability for each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of a cell, a band, a band combination, a BWP, a component carrier, etc.), or may be a capability for each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or may be a capability for each subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), or may be a capability for each Feature Set (FS) or Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC), or may be a capability for each functionality / model.

[0175] Furthermore, the specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied to all duplexing methods (commonly regardless of the duplexing method), or may be a capability for each duplexing method (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0176] If the above conditions are not met, the UE / BS may follow the behavior specified in existing 3GPP releases.

[0177] <<About Functionality / Model>> In this disclosure, functionality may refer to a set of parameters (e.g., a set of parameters for CSI prediction / beam prediction / CSI compression) that can be supported based on conditions indicated by UE capabilities.

[0178] The UE may report parameter values ​​related to the functionality / model as conditions to the NW via higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC, MAC CE) / physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI). For example, the UE may report the conditions using UE capability / feature / feature group reporting.

[0179] The UE may report or instruct parameter values ​​related to the functionality / model as additional conditions to the NW using higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling or methods other than signaling via the air interface of the NW (e.g., UE vendor pre-configuration, operator's configurations).

[0180] The UE may report or be instructed on information / instructions about the corresponding parameters (e.g., parameter names) as information / instructions about additional conditions using higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling or methods other than signaling via the air interface of the network (e.g., UE vendor pre-configuration, operator's configurations).

[0181] For example, the UE may report a device ID, a vendor ID, etc. as additional information. The UE may also be notified of a cell ID as an additional condition. The UE may also report or be instructed to report information such as a cell ID / UE ID instead of a parameter name.

[0182] Methods other than signaling via the air interface of the network may be methods related to pre-configuration of the UE (for example, configuration by the UE vendor) or operator configuration provided by the network operator.

[0183] In the present disclosure, an [AI / ML-based] CSI report, a model for CSI, etc. may be a CSI report associated with a model ID or a specific function (e.g., predicted CSI, compressed CSI, advanced CSI, a specific type of CSI, etc.).

[0184] In the present disclosure, the AI / ML function, or the AI / ML function for CSI, or the function for CSI may be based on a function indicated by the NW or a function reported by the UE (capability information), for example, a function related to predicted CSI, compressed CSI, advanced CSI, or a specific type of CSI.

[0185] In the present disclosure, an AI / ML model or a CSI AI / ML model or a CSI model may be a model / entity that is identified by a model ID or its function and performs the specific function described above.

[0186] (Supplementary Notes) The following inventions are supplemented with respect to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Supplementary Note 1] A terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives information for triggering an aperiodic Channel State Information (CSI) report; and a control unit that controls transmission of the aperiodic CSI report including information on CSI reported in a past periodic or semi-persistent CSI report. [Supplementary Note 2] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1, wherein the past periodic or semi-persistent CSI report is a periodic or semi-persistent CSI report measured or reported within a certain time range. [Supplementary Note 3] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1 or Supplementary Note 2, wherein the receiving unit receives an indication that CSI corresponding to the past periodic or semi-persistent CSI report has been missed, and the control unit does not generate a CSI report using information on CSI measured in a slot indicated by the indication. [Supplementary Note 4] The terminal according to any one of Supplementary Note 1 to Supplementary Note 3, wherein the receiving unit receives an instruction including level information, and the control unit switches between generating a CSI report for CSI compression in a Time-Spatial-Frequency (TSF) domain and generating a CSI report for CSI compression in a Spatial-Frequency (SF) domain based on the instruction.

[0187] (Wireless Communication System) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0188] 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may be simply referred to as system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR) specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0189] The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0190] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (Master Node (MN)), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (Secondary Node (SN)). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0191] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity in which both the MN and SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0192] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are smaller than the macrocell C1. A user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The location, number, shape, size, etc. of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as the base station 10.

[0193] The wireless communication system 1 may utilize multi-input multi-output (MIMO). For example, one cell may be formed by one antenna / base station 10, or may be formed by multiple antennas / base stations 10. One [virtual] cell (which may be called, for example, a supercell) may be composed of multiple [virtual] cells (which may be called, for example, subcells). A supercell may correspond to a cell with a fixed physical range, and a subcell may correspond to a cell with a quasi-static / dynamically variable physical range. In this case, the wireless communication system 1 may be called a cell-free system.

[0194] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CCs) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0195] Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band higher than 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may correspond to a higher frequency band than FR2.

[0196] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication using at least one of time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) in each CC.

[0197] The multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), an X2 / Xn interface, etc.) or wirelessly (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to the upper station may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to the relay station (relay) may be called an IAB node.

[0198] The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 directly or via another base station 10. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

[0199] The core network 30 may include network functions (Network Functions (NF)) such as a User Plane Function (UPF), an Access and Mobility management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), a Data Network (DN), a Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). A single network node may provide multiple functions. Communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may also be performed via the DN.

[0200] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0201] An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based radio access scheme may be used in the wireless communication system 1. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or the like may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0202] The radio access scheme may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (e.g., other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0203] In the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.

[0204] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), or the like may be used as an uplink channel.

[0205] The PDSCH transmits user data, higher layer control information, a System Information Block (SIB), etc. The PUSCH may transmit user data, higher layer control information, etc. Furthermore, the PBCH may transmit a Master Information Block (MIB).

[0206] Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0207] Note that the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be referred to as a DL assignment, a DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be referred to as a UL grant, a UL DCI, etc. Note that the PDSCH may be replaced with DL data, and the PUSCH may be replaced with UL data.

[0208] A control resource set (CORESET) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. The CORESET corresponds to resources for searching for DCI. The search space corresponds to a search region and a search method for PDCCH candidates. One CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor the CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space configuration.

[0209] One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. Note that the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," "CORESET configuration," and the like in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

[0210] The PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). The PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.

[0211] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link." Also, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the beginning.

[0212] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, as the DL-RS, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted.

[0213] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including an SS (PSS, SSS) and a PBCH (and a DMRS for the PBCH) may be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), or the like. Note that the SS, SSB, and the like may also be referred to as a reference signal.

[0214] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), or the like may be transmitted as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). Note that the DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0215] (Base Station) Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that the base station may include one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140.

[0216] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0217] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0218] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc. The control unit 110 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform call processing (setting up, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0219] The transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0220] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be configured from a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be configured from a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may be configured from a reception processing unit 1212, the RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0221] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0222] The transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0223] The transceiver 120 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0224] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0225] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0226] The transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 130.

[0227] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 130.

[0228] The transceiver 120 (reception processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, thereby acquiring user data, etc.

[0229] The transceiver 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0230] The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes that provide NF), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0231] The transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0232] The base station 10 may be separated into three elements: a radio unit (RU), a distributed unit (DU), and a central unit (CU). For example, the RU may implement RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level functions of the physical layer (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU may implement higher-level functions of the physical layer (coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU may implement the functions of the PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer.

[0233] In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may include a single device that realizes all of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU, or may include multiple devices that each realize some of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU and are connected to each other. In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may be interchangeably read as RU / DU / CU.

[0234] The transceiver 120 may transmit information for triggering an aperiodic Channel State Information (CSI) report to the user terminal 20. The transceiver 120 may receive, from the user terminal 20, the aperiodic CSI report including information on CSI reported in past periodic or semi-persistent CSI reports.

[0235] (User Terminal) Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transceiver antenna 230. Note that the user terminal may include one or more of each of the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transceiver antenna 230.

[0236] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0237] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0238] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.

[0239] The transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0240] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0241] The transmitting / receiving antenna 230 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0242] The transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0243] The transceiver unit 220 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0244] The transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0245] The transmitter / receiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0246] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the setting of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), the transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the transmission processing to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and if not, it may not be necessary to perform DFT processing as the transmission processing.

[0247] The transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 230.

[0248] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 230.

[0249] The transceiver unit 220 (reception processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, and acquire user data, etc.

[0250] The transceiver 220 (measurement unit 223) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0251] The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on the channel measurement resources. The channel measurement resources may be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on the interference measurement resources. The interference measurement resources may be at least one of an NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, a CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resource, etc. Note that CSI-IM may be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM) or may be interchangeably read as Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. Note that in the present disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc. may be interchangeably read as interchangeable.

[0252] The transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0253] The transceiver 220 may receive information (e.g., triggering DCI, MAC CE) for triggering an aperiodic Channel State Information (CSI) report (e.g., CSI report B). The control unit 210 may perform control to include information on CSI reported in a past periodic or semi-persistent CSI report (e.g., CSI report A) in the aperiodic CSI report and transmit the aperiodic CSI report.

[0254] The past periodic or semi-persistent CSI reports may be periodic or semi-persistent CSI reports measured or reported within a certain range of time.

[0255] The transceiver unit 220 receives an indication that the CSI corresponding to the past periodic or semi-persistent CSI report was missed, and the control unit 210 may not generate a CSI report using information regarding the CSI measured in the slot indicated by the indication.

[0256] The transceiver unit 220 receives an instruction including level information, and the control unit 210 may switch between generating a CSI report for CSI compression in the time-spatial-frequency (TSF) domain and generating a CSI report for CSI compression in the spatial-frequency (SF) domain based on the instruction.

[0257] (Hardware Configuration) Note that the block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the single device or the multiple devices.

[0258] Here, the functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As described above, the implementation method of each is not particularly limited.

[0259] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0260] In the present disclosure, the terms apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, etc. may be used interchangeably. The hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0261] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, serially, or in other ways. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

[0262] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0263] The processor 1001, for example, runs an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, at least a part of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transceiver unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0264] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks may be implemented in a similar manner.

[0265] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by at least one of, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EEPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory, etc. The memory 1002 may store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0266] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be composed of at least one of, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc (e.g., a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0267] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmission / reception unit 120 (220), transmission / reception antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmission unit 120a (220a) and a reception unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

[0268] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0269] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0270] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using this hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0271] In addition, the devices included in the core network 30 (for example, network nodes that provide NF) may also be realized by the above-mentioned functional block / hardware configuration.

[0272] (Modifications) Note that terms described in the present disclosure and terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may be interchangeable. A signal may also be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may also be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applicable standard. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0273] A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0274] Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate at least one of, for example, Subcarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, Transmission Time Interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0275] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol) in the time domain. A slot may also be a time unit based on numerology.

[0276] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0277] A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. The radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol. Note that the time units such as a frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol in the present disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0278] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a TTI, or multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0279] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0280] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0281] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0282] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0283] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and greater than or equal to 1 ms.

[0284] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

[0285] In addition, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI, each of which may be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0286] In addition, one or more RBs may be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0287] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0288] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a Common Reference Point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0289] The BWP may include a UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0290] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0291] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0292] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0293] The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0294] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0295] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and / or from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0296] Input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.

[0297] With respect to any information (e.g., variables, constants, parameters) described in the present disclosure, even if not specifically stated in the above embodiments, any first device (e.g., UE / base station) may notify any second device (e.g., base station / UE) of information indicating / specifying (or relating to) the value of the any information.

[0298] The notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information in the present disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB) and System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0299] Note that the physical layer signaling may be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, such as an RRC Connection Setup message or an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message. Furthermore, the MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

[0300] Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "it is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be made implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0301] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value represented by true or false, or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0302] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0303] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0304] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. A "network" may refer to devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0305] In this disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," "panel," "UE panel," "transmitting entity," "receiving entity," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0306] In the present disclosure, the term "antenna port" may be interchangeably read as an antenna port for any signal / channel (e.g., a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port). In the present disclosure, the term "resource" may be interchangeably read as a resource for any signal / channel (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). The resource may include time / frequency / code / space / power resources. Furthermore, the spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0307] The group may include, for example, at least one of a spatial relationship group, a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, a Reference Signal (RS) group, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, and the like.

[0308] In addition, in the present disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, codeword (CW), transport block (TB), RS, etc. may be read as interchangeable terms.

[0309] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0310] Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumption," "QCL relationship," "QCL type information," "QCL property / properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) property," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interchangeable.

[0311] In the present disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interchangeable.

[0312] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interchangeable. The "spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interchangeable with "set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)", "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information", etc. The TCI state and the TCI may be interchangeable. The spatial relationship information and the spatial relationship may be interchangeable.

[0313] In the present disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNB (eNodeB)," "gNB (gNodeB)," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," etc. may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

[0314] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within that coverage.

[0315] In the present disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control / operate based on the information.

[0316] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0317] A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0318] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0319] The mobile body is a movable object that can move at any speed and naturally includes cases where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of the mobile body include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on an operation command.

[0320] The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0321] 8 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0322] The drive unit 41 is configured with at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by a user.

[0323] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (for example, an input / output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0324] The signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 obtained by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 obtained by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 58.

[0325] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a display, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0326] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0327] The driving assistance system unit 64 includes various devices for providing functions to prevent accidents and reduce the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0328] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to and from the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58, which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0329] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Furthermore, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above (or may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0330] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0331] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0332] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided in the vehicle 40.

[0333] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a sidelink channel.

[0334] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0335] In the present disclosure, an operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. It is apparent that in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc.), or a combination thereof.

[0336] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, the order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0337] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be a technology other than Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal number)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.17 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.19 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.21 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.22 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.23 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.24 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.25 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.26 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.27 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.28 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.29 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.30 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.31 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.32 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.33 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802. The present invention may be applied to systems that use IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable wireless communication methods, or to next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these. Furthermore, the present invention may be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0338] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0339] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0340] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc.

[0341] Additionally, "determining" may be considered to be "determining" receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc.

[0342] Furthermore, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" some kind of action. In the present disclosure, "determination" may be read interchangeably with the above-mentioned actions.

[0343] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" may be interchangeably read as "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "does not expect to do..." may be interchangeably read as "assumes not to do...."

[0344] In the present disclosure, "expect" may be interchangeably read as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." ("..." may be expressed, for example, as a that clause, a to-infinitive, etc.) may be interchangeably read as "be expected ..." or "do ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. "does not expect ..." may be interchangeably read as "be not expected ..." or "does not ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be interchangeably read as "an apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

[0345] The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0346] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access."

[0347] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to one another using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, light (both visible and invisible) range, etc., as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0348] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0349] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0350] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0351] In the present disclosure, terms such as "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than," "more than," "equal to," etc. may be interchangeable. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative, as expressions with "i-th" (i is an arbitrary integer) attached (for example, "highest" may be interchangeable with "i-th highest").

[0352] In this disclosure, the terms "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," "associated with," etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0353] In the present disclosure, terms such as "when A, B," "if A, (then) B," "B upon A," "B in response to A," "B based on A," "B during / while A," "B before A," "B at (the same time as) / on A," "B after A," "B since A," and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Note that A, B, and the like herein may be replaced with appropriate expressions such as nouns, gerunds, and regular sentences, depending on the context. Note that the time difference between A and B may be approximately zero (immediately after or immediately before). A time offset may also be applied to the time at which A occurs. For example, "A" may be interchangeable with "before / after a time offset at which A occurs." The time offset (eg, one or more symbols / slots) may be predefined or may be specified by the UE based on signaled information.

[0354] In the present disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any time unit (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0355] Although the invention according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and does not impose any limiting meaning on the invention according to the present disclosure.

[0356] This application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2024-31353, filed March 1, 2024, the contents of which are incorporated herein in their entirety.

Claims

1. A terminal having: a receiving unit that receives information for triggering an aperiodic Channel State Information (CSI) report; and a control unit that controls the aperiodic CSI report to include information about CSI reported in past periodic or semi-persistent CSI reports and transmit the aperiodic CSI report.

2. The terminal of claim 1, wherein the past periodic or semi-persistent CSI reports are periodic or semi-persistent CSI reports measured or reported within a certain range of time.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the receiving unit receives an indication that CSI corresponding to the past periodic or semi-persistent CSI report was missed, and the control unit does not generate a CSI report using information regarding the CSI measured in the slot indicated by the indication.

4. The terminal of claim 1, wherein the receiving unit receives an instruction including level information, and the control unit switches between generating a CSI report for CSI compression in the time-space-frequency (TSF) domain and generating a CSI report for CSI compression in the spatial-frequency (SF) domain based on the instruction.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising: receiving information for triggering an aperiodic Channel State Information (CSI) report; and transmitting the aperiodic CSI report including information regarding CSI reported in past periodic or semi-persistent CSI reports.

6. A base station having: a transmitter that transmits information for triggering an aperiodic Channel State Information (CSI) report to a terminal; and a receiver that receives the aperiodic CSI report from the terminal, the aperiodic CSI report including information regarding CSI reported in past periodic or semi-persistent CSI reports.

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