Devices, systems, and methods for closing openings in vessel walls
The suture device with an expandable anchor assembly addresses the challenge of closing large vessel openings from transcatheter procedures by deploying multiple sutures efficiently, enhancing closure efficacy and safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/080516
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-11
AI Technical Summary
Existing transcatheter procedures leave openings in blood vessel walls that risk bleeding, and current closure devices are inadequate for large diameter openings, often requiring multiple devices and sutures.
A suture device with an anchor assembly that expands within the vessel lumen, deploying multiple sutures using a single device to close large openings, featuring a sheath, rod, and expandable arms for precise suture placement.
Effectively closes large vessel openings with a single device, reducing the need for multiple sutures and devices, thereby minimizing bleeding risk and procedural complexity.
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Figure CN2024080516_12092025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS FOR CLOSING OPENINGS IN VESSEL WALLSTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present technology relates generally to tissue puncture closure devices, and more particularly, to devices and methods for closure of openings in vessel walls.BACKGROUND
[0002] Traditionally, cardiovascular procedures have been performed as open surgical procedures in which one or more large incisions are made through the patient’s skin to visualize the treatment site. Open cardiac surgical procedures further require cutting through the patient’s breastbone and spreading the patient’s ribcage to access the heart. More recently, transcatheter procedures have been developed that inflict significantly less trauma on the patient’s body. Transcatheter procedures involve percutaneously accessing a blood vessel through a patient’s skin and inserting a catheter into the lumen of the blood vessel. The catheter can be navigated through the patient’s vasculature to deliver a medical device to a treatment site within the cardiovascular system. As one example, a distal end of the catheter can be navigated into the patient’s heart and a leadless pacemaker can be delivered through the catheter into the patient’s heart. In some procedures, such as balloon angioplasty, for example, the catheter itself can perform the medical intervention. In any case, by accessing the patient’s vascular system with a small puncture or incision through the patient’s skin, transcatheter procedures are less invasive, safer, and more efficient than open surgical procedures.
[0003] Upon completion of a transcatheter procedure, the catheter is removed from the patient’s vasculature, leaving an opening in the wall of the blood vessel and the subcutaneous tissue through which the vessel was accessed. The opening allows blood to exit the vessel and presents a risk of bleeding. Thus, a need exists for devices and methods to close vessel openings and / or to prevent bleeding through vessel openings created during transcatheter procedures.SUMMARY
[0004] The subject technology is illustrated, for example, according to various aspects described below, including with reference to FIGS. 1-7. Various examples of aspects of the subject technology are described as numbered clauses (1, 2, 3, etc. ) for convenience. These are provided as examples and do not limit the subject technology.
[0005] 1. A suture device for delivering a suture across an opening in a wall of a blood vessel of a patient, the device comprising:
[0006] a longitudinal axis;
[0007] a sheath having a proximal end portion, a distal end portion, and defining a lumen extending therethrough, the proximal end portion configured to be positioned at an extracorporeal location during a suturing procedure and the distal end portion configured to be positioned within the patient’s body, proximate the opening in the blood vessel wall;
[0008] a rod extending through the lumen of the sheath, the rod having a proximal end portion at the proximal end portion of the sheath and a distal end portion, wherein the rod is configured to slide within the lumen;
[0009] an anchor assembly disposed at the distal end portion of the sheath and configured to be positioned within the blood vessel lumen proximate the opening in the blood vessel wall, the anchor assembly comprising:
[0010] a guide member extending distally away from the sheath along the longitudinal axis of the device and having a proximal end and a distal end, the guide member comprising a tubular sidewall formed of a plurality of longitudinally extending rails,
[0011] a collar coupled to the distal end portion of the rod and disposed around the perimeter of the guide member, wherein the collar is configured to slide longitudinally along the rails of the guide member,
[0012] a plurality of arms disposed about the perimeter of the guide member, each of the arms having proximal and distal segments having respective proximal and distal ends, wherein the proximal ends of the proximal segments are rotatably coupled to the proximal end of the guide member at a first hinge, the distal ends of the proximal segments are rotatably coupled to the proximal ends of the distal segments at a second hinge, and the distal ends of the distal segments are coupled to the collar at a third hinge,
[0013] wherein the arms are transformable between an expanded configuration in which the arms extend radially away from the guide member and a collapsed configuration in which the arms are substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the device,
[0014] wherein proximal movement of the rod relative to the sheath and the guide member pulls the collar proximally along the guide member, thereby decreasing an angle between the proximal and distal segments of each of the arms at the respective second hinges and increasing a radial distance between the second hinges and the guide member, and
[0015] wherein distal movement of the rod relative to the sheath and the guide member pushes the collar distally along the guide member, thereby increasing the angle between the proximal and distal segments of each of the arms at the respective second hinges and decreases the radial distance between the second hinges and the guide member.
[0016] 2. The suture device of Example 1, wherein the plurality of arms comprises four arms.
[0017] 3. The suture device of Example 1 or Example 2, wherein, when the arms are in the expanded configuration, the angle between the proximal and distal segments of each of the arms is between about 0 degrees and about 30 degrees.
[0018] 4. The suture device of any one of Examples 1 to 3, wherein the proximal segments of each of the arms define a respective first aperture and the distal segments of each of the arms define a respective second aperture, and wherein, when the arms are in the expanded configuration, the corresponding first and second apertures of each of the arms are aligned.
[0019] 5. The suture device of Example 4, further comprising a tether having a first end positioned within a second aperture of one of the arms and a second end positioned within a second aperture of another one of the arms.
[0020] 6. The suture device of any one of Examples 1 to 5, wherein the sheath defines a plurality of internal channels that terminate distally at respective openings in a sidewall of the sheath, and wherein the suture device further comprises a plurality of needles, each of the needles being positioned within one of the channels.
[0021] 7. The suture device of Example 6, wherein:
[0022] the proximal segments of each of the arms define a respective first aperture and the distal segments of each of the arms define a respective second aperture, and wherein, when the arms are in the expanded configuration, the corresponding first and second apertures of each of the arms are aligned, and
[0023] the needles are configured to move between a retracted position in which distal portions of the needles are disposed within the channels and an advanced position in which the distal portions extend through the openings in the sidewall of the sheath and into the first apertures of the proximal segments of the arms.
[0024] 8. The suture device of Example 7, wherein, when the needles are in the advanced position, the distal portions of the needles extend distally and radially away from the sidewall of the sheath.
[0025] 9. The suture device of Example 8, further comprising a suture extending along at least one of the needles.
[0026] 10. The suture device of any one of Examples 1 to 9, further comprising a handle at the proximal end portion of the sheath and a lever disposed at the handle, wherein the lever is operatively coupled to the proximal end portion of the rod, wherein rotation of the lever moves the rod axially relative to the sheath and the guide member, thereby transforming the arms between the expanded configuration and the collapsed configuration.
[0027] 11. The suture device of any one of Examples 1 to 10, further comprising a tubular distal locator defining a lumen therethrough and having a proximal portion disposed at the distal end of the guide member, and a distal portion, wherein the distal locator is configured to slidably receive a guidewire therein, and wherein the distal locator is configured to be distally advanced over the guidewire and positioned within a lumen of the blood vessel via insertion through the opening in the blood vessel wall.
[0028] 12. A method of closing an opening in a wall of a blood vessel with the suture device of Example 1, the method comprising:
[0029] positioning the arms in the collapsed configuration within the blood vessel lumen, proximate the opening in the wall;
[0030] pulling the rod proximally relative to the sheath such that the arms transition from the collapsed configuration to the expanded configuration; and
[0031] pulling the device proximally until the proximal segments of the arms engage a luminal surface of the blood vessel wall.
[0032] 13. The method of Example 12, further comprising pulling a suture through at least one of the arms, a portion of the vessel wall surrounding the opening, and the patient’s skin to thereby close the opening.
[0033] 14. The method of Example 12 or Example 13, wherein the suture device further comprises a plurality of needles, each of the needles being slidably coupled to the sheath, and wherein the method further comprises distally advancing the needles through openings in a sidewall of the sheath to pierce the blood vessel wall and such that distal ends of the needles couple to respective ones of the arms.
[0034] 15. The method of Example 14, wherein at least one of the needles has a suture coupled thereto and wherein piercing of the blood vessel wall pulls a distal end of the suture into the blood vessel lumen, and wherein the method further comprises pulling another one of the needles proximally to pull the suture through the blood vessel wall at another location and out of the patient’s body.
[0035] 16. The method of any one of Examples 12 to 15, further comprising distally advancing the rod such that the anchor transitions from the expanded configuration to the collapsed configuration.
[0036] 17. The method of Example 16, further comprising, after distally advancing the rod, withdrawing the device from the blood vessel lumen and the patient’s body.
[0037] 18. The method of Example 17, further comprising, after withdrawing the device, tensioning and securing the sutures to close the opening in the blood vessel wall.
[0038] 19. The method of any one of Examples 12 to 18, wherein the opening has a diameter of at least about 24 French.
[0039] 20. The method of any one of Examples 12 to 19, wherein the arms are positioned in the blood vessel lumen by advancing at least a portion of the suture device over an elongate guide member already positioned in the vessel lumen.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0040] Many aspects of the present disclosure can be better understood with reference to the following drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale. Instead, emphasis is placed on illustrating clearly the principles of the present disclosure.
[0041] FIG. 1 illustrates a suture device configured in accordance with several embodiments of the present technology.
[0042] FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C show a portion of the suture device of FIG. 1 with the anchor assembly in a radially expanded configuration in accordance with the present technology. In FIG. 2A, the tethers have been removed for ease of illustration.
[0043] FIGS. 2D and 2E show a portion of the suture device of FIG. 1 with the anchor assembly in a radially contracted configuration in accordance with the present technology. In FIG. 2D, the tethers have been removed for ease of illustration.
[0044] FIG. 3 illustrates select components of the suture device of FIG. 1.
[0045] FIG. 4 depicts the suture device of FIGS. 1-3 with the anchor in the radially contracted configuration inserted into a blood vessel lumen via an opening in the wall of the blood vessel.
[0046] FIG. 5A depicts the suture device of FIGS. 1-4 with the anchor in the radially expanded configuration and the needles in the advanced configuration and coupled to the tethers.
[0047] FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the connection between a second needle of the suture device of FIG. 5A and a second end of a corresponding tether and the connection between a first needle of the suture device of FIG. 5A and a first end of the corresponding tether, respectively.
[0048] FIG. 6 depicts the suture device of FIGS. 1-5B with the tethers withdrawn from the blood vessel and the sutures threaded through the blood vessel and delivered across the vessel opening.
[0049] FIG. 7 depicts the vessel opening after being closed by the sutures delivered by the suture device of FIGS. 1-6.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0050] The present technology relates to devices, systems, and methods for closing an opening in a blood vessel wall (referred to herein as a “vessel opening” ) . The present technology includes a suture device configured to place a suture across the opening in the blood vessel wall so that, when tensioned, the suture closes the opening. The suture device can include an anchor assembly configured to be delivered through the opening in the blood vessel wall. The anchor assembly can include a plurality of arms that are delivered in a collapsed configuration and radially expanded once inside the vessel lumen such that the arms are positioned over the opening and in apposition with the blood vessel wall. The arms are further configured to be coupled to needles advanced through the suture device. The needles are configured to puncture the vessel wall and provide a path through which a suture can be threaded to close the opening. The anchor assembly thus maintains the suture device at a desired position within the blood vessel and provides a guide for a suturing procedure.
[0051] The suture devices of the present technology can be configured for closing a large diameter vessel opening, for example a vessel opening created by a large bore catheter during a transcatheter procedure. Such openings can have a diameter of at least about 30 French (Fr) or 10 mm (equivalent to the outer diameter of the introducer sheath required for many transcatheter procedures) . Closure of such large diameter vessel openings with existing vascular closure devices (such as the PercloseTM ProStyleTM Suture-Mediated Closure and Repair System by Abbott Cardiovascular) requires at least two devices, as multiple sutures are needed to close a larger opening and existing devices can only deliver a single suture. The suture devices of the present technology address these limitations and enable closure of large openings created during transcatheter procedures, for example by delivering multiple sutures across the opening using a single device.
[0052] FIG. 1 shows a suture device 100 configured in accordance with several embodiments of the present technology. The suture device 100 has a proximal portion 100a configured to be positioned at an extracorporeal location during a suturing procedure, a distal portion 100b configured to be positioned within a lumen of a blood vessel, and an intermediate portion 100c extending between the proximal and distal portions 100a, 100b and configured to be positioned within or proximate a vessel opening to be closed during the suturing procedure. The suture device 100 can include a distal locator 102 at its distal portion 100b, a handle 104 at its proximal portion 100a, and an elongate sheath 106 extending between the distal locator 102 and the handle 104. The sheath 106 defines channels therein (not visible) for receiving and delivering needles 153 configured to pierce the vessel wall and deliver sutures 156 (see FIG. 2C) for closing the vessel opening. The channels terminate at openings 107 in the sidewall of the sheath 106, and the needles 153 are configured to be advanced distally through the openings 107 to puncture the vessel wall. Additionally, the suture device 100 includes an anchor assembly 108 disposed at a distal end portion 106b of the sheath 106. During a suturing procedure, the distal locator 102 can be positioned within the blood vessel lumen while the handle 104 is positioned extracorporeally and the sheath 106 extends through tissue overlying the blood vessel. As detailed herein, the anchor assembly 108 can be configured to be deployed within the blood vessel lumen to maintain the suturing device 100 at a desired location while delivering the sutures across the vessel opening.
[0053] The distal locator 102 has a proximal portion 102a coupled to the anchor assembly 108 and a distal portion 102b opposite the proximal portion 102a along a length of the distal locator 102. The distal locator 102 can be configured to be positioned within the lumen of the blood vessel to establish and maintain access to the blood vessel lumen. In some embodiments, the distal locator 102 is tubular. The distal locator 102 can define a lumen extending along its length, which can be configured to slidably receive a guidewire therethrough. For example, a guidewire can be inserted into the lumen and the distal locator 102 can be distally advanced over the guidewire until the distal locator 102 is positioned within the blood vessel lumen. The distal locator 102 can be soft and / or can have an atraumatic shape so that the distal locator 102 does not damage the blood vessel wall during the suturing procedure. As detailed below, in some embodiments the distal locator 102 defines one or more notches (see FIG. 2B) configured to receive a tether 134 and / or suture 156 therein.
[0054] The handle 104 is configured to be positioned extracorporeally and can comprise a housing 110 and one or more actuators configured to operate one or more components of the suture device 100. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the handle 104 includes a lever 112 and a plunger 114. Additional details regarding the operation of the suture device 100 using the lever 112 and the plunger 114 are provided below with reference to FIGS. 2A-7. In some embodiments, the handle 104 further includes a grip 116 configured to be grasped by a user to facilitate handling and / or manipulation of the suture device 100. For example, a user can grasp the grip 116 while distally advancing the plunger 114 so that the plunger 114 moves without significantly moving the housing 110 of the handle 104. In some embodiments, the handle 104 can include a cutting element 118 configured to cut a suture.
[0055] FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C are show a portion of the suture device 100 with the anchor assembly 108 in a partially expanded configuration, and FIGS. 2D and 2E show a portion of the suture device 100 with the anchor assembly 108 in a partially collapsed configuration. As shown in FIGS. 2A-2E, the anchor assembly 108 can comprise a plurality of expandable arms 136 slidably mounted on a tubular guide member 126. The guide member 126 has a proximal end portion 126a fixed at the distal end portion 106b of the sheath 106 and a distal portion 126b coupled to and proximate the proximal portion 102a of the distal locator 102 (see FIG. 1) . The anchor assembly 108 further comprises a collar 124 slidably coupled to the guide member 126. Axial movement of the collar 124 along the guide member 126 transforms the arms 136 between a fully expanded configuration in which the arms 136 extend radially away from and are substantially perpendicular to the guide member 126 and a fully collapsed configuration in which the arms 136 are substantially parallel with a longitudinal axis of the guide member 126.
[0056] FIG. 3 is an isolated view of select components of the suture device 100 of FIG. 1, including the anchor assembly 108 in a fully expanded configuration. Referring to FIGS. 1-3 together, the suture device 100 includes a rod 128 slidably positioned through a lumen of the sheath 106 and configured to mechanically link the anchor assembly 108 to the handle 104 such that deployment of the arms 136 can be controlled at an extracorporeal location. The rod 128 has a proximal end portion 128a coupled to a lever 112 at the handle 104 and a distal end portion 128b coupled to the collar 124 of the anchor assembly 108. Rotation of the lever 112 causes the collar 124 to slide longitudinally along the guide member 126, thereby expanding and collapsing the arms 136.
[0057] With continued reference to FIGS. 1-3, the arms 136 of the anchor assembly 108 can be spaced apart about the perimeter of the guide member 126. Although FIGS. 1-3 depict four arms 136, other numbers of arms 136 are possible, such as one arm 136, two arms 136, three arms 136, five arms 136, six arms 136, seven arms 136, eight arms 136, nine arms 136, ten arms 136 or any other suitable number of arms 136. In any case, each of the arms 136 has a proximal end 136a coupled to the proximal end portion 126a of the guide member 126 at a first hinge 137a and a distal end 136b coupled to the collar 124 at a second hinge 137b. Each of the arms 136 can further include proximal and distal segments 138, 140 coupled to one another at a third hinge 137c. The proximal segments 138 of the arms 136 can have a proximal end at the proximal end 136a of the arm 136 and a distal end at the third hinge 137c, and the distal segments 140 can have a proximal end at the third hinge 137c and a distal end at the second hinge 137b at the collar 124.
[0058] Each of the proximal segments 138 of the arms 136 is configured to rotate proximally and distally (toward and away from the fully expanded configuration, respectively) about its respective proximal end / the first hinge 137a while its respective proximal end remains fixed axially relative to the guide member 126. Each of the distal segments 140 of the arms 136 is configured to rotate proximally and distally about its distal end / the second hinge 137b (toward and away from the fully collapsed configuration, respectively) while its respective distal end remains fixed axially relative to the collar 124 (which remains slidable along the guide member 126) . Each of the arms 136 is further configured to bend at the third hinge 137c, which changes an angle α (labeled in FIG. 2A) between the proximal and distal segments 138, 140. Each of the first, second, and third hinges 137a, 137b, 137c can comprise a revolute joint, a hinge joint, a pin joint, a cylindrical joint, or another suitable joint that permits rotation in at least one dimension.
[0059] The guide member 126 can comprise a tubular sidewall defining a lumen therethrough and surrounding an opening (not visible) at the proximal end portion 126a of the guide member 126. The rod 128 can be slidably positioned through the opening such that a distal portion of the rod 128 is disposed within the lumen of the guide member 126. The sidewall of the guide member 126 can define one or more longitudinally extending slots 129 through which the collar 124 is coupled to the rod 128. In some embodiments, the collar 124 comprises a ring that extends continuously around all (as shown in FIGS. 2A-2E) or a portion of the perimeter of the guide member 126. In other embodiments, the arms 136 can connect to the rod 128 via individual connectors that extend radially inwardly from the distal ends 136b of the arms and couple to the rod 128. In yet other examples, the device 100 comprises a plurality of rods 128, each extending through the lumen of the sheath 106, and each of the arms 136 is coupled to a different one of the rods 128, thereby providing independent control of each arm 136. In some examples, the device 100 comprises at least two rods 128, and each rod 128 is coupled to two or more arms 136 such that said two or more arms 136 expand and collapse in unison with movement of the rod 128.
[0060] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the guide member sidewall can comprise one or more engagement features that interlock with complementary features on the collar 124 so that the engagement features guide and / or limit the movement of the collar 124 over the rails 130. For example, the guide member 126 can include one or more rails 130 comprising longitudinally extending protrusions that are received within recesses at a radially inner surface of the collar 124 (not visible in FIGS. 2A-2E) . When the collar 124 is positioned over and interlocked with the rails 130, the collar 124 is prevented from rotating relative to the guide member 126, thereby reducing and / or avoiding any torquing of the arms 136 during expansion and collapsing of the arms 136.
[0061] To radially expand the arms 136 from a collapsed configuration, the collar 124 is pulled proximally along the guide member 126 (e.g., by pulling the rod 128 relative to the sheath 106) . Proximal movement of the collar 124: (a) causes the distal segments 140 of the arms 136 to rotate distally about the second hinges 137b; (b) causes the arms 136 to bend at the third hinges 137c, thereby reducing an angle α between the corresponding proximal and distal segments 138, 140 and moving an inner surface 147 of the proximal segments 138 closer to an inner surface 155 of the corresponding distal segment s140; (c) reduces the longitudinal distance L1 (FIG. 2A) between the proximal ends of the proximal segments 138 and the distal ends of the distal segments 140; and (d) moves the third hinges 137c radially further away from a central longitudinal axis of the guide member 126. When the arms 136 are in the fully expanded configuration, the angle α can be between about 0 degrees and about 30 degrees, between about 0 degrees and about 20 degrees, between about 0 degrees and about 10 degrees, about 0 degrees, about 5 degrees, about 10 degrees, about 15 degrees, about 20 degrees, about 25 degrees, or about 30 degrees. In some embodiments, when the arms 136 are in the fully expanded configuration, the inner surface 147 of the proximal segment 138 touches the inner surface 155 of the distal segment 140. In some examples, a gap remains between the proximal and distal segments 138, 140.
[0062] Also during expansion of the arms 136, an angle β (FIG. 2A) between the proximal segment 138 and the sheath 106 can decrease. The angle β can be the same for all of the arms 136 or the second angle β can be unique for one or more of the arms 136. For example, if the arms 136 are each actuated by their own rod 128, the angle β can be individually controlled for each arm 136. In some embodiments, the angle β for each arm 136 and / or for the arms 136 collectively can be based on an intended angle of entry into the blood vessel. For example, if the sheath 106 is intended to be inserted into the tissue and blood vessel opening at an angle of entry that is substantially perpendicular to the blood vessel, it may be beneficial for the angle β for each of the arms 136 to be about 90 degrees so that the proximal segments 138 lay substantially flush against the luminal surface of the blood vessel when the anchor 120 is expanded within the blood vessel lumen. However, if the sheath 106 is intended to be inserted into the tissue and blood vessel opening at an angle of entry that is not substantially perpendicular to the blood vessel, it may be beneficial for the angle β for at least one of the arms 136 to differ from the angle β of the other arms 136.
[0063] According to various embodiments, the arms 136 can define one or more apertures. As shown in FIGS. 2A-2E, the proximal segments 138 of each of the arms 136 can define a first aperture 148 and the distal segments 140 of each of the arms 136 can define a second aperture 150 (only one arm labeled for easing of viewing all components) . As shown in FIG. 2A, the first and second apertures 148, 150 of a given arm 136 can be positioned along their respective segments such that, upon bending of and / or radial expansion of the arm 136, the first and second apertures 148, 150 move towards align with one another, ultimately defining a continuous passageway (referred to herein as “aperture (s) 151” ) through the arm 136 when the arms 136 are in a fully expanded configuration. When the arms 136 are positioned within the blood vessel lumen in the fully expanded configuration, the apertures 151 are disposed at positions around the periphery of the vessel opening that correspond to desired needle puncture locations and through which a suture will be threaded to close the vessel opening.
[0064] The suture device 100 can further include tethers 134 (not shown in FIGS. 2A and 2D) coupled to the anchor assembly 108 and configured to facilitate threading of the suture 156 through pairs of arms 136. As discussed in greater detail herein with reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B, prior to deployment of the anchor assembly 108, each of the tethers 134 can have a first end 134a temporarily retained within or proximate an aperture 151 in one of the arms 136 (such as the second apertures 150 of the distal segments 140) , and a second end 134b temporarily retained within or proximate an aperture 151 in another one of the arms 136 (such as the second apertures 150 of the distal segments 140) . In some embodiments, the first and second ends 134a, 134b of each tether 134 can be retained by arms 136 that are spaced apart from one another about the perimeter of the guide member 126 by about 180 degrees, by about 90 degrees, by about 45 degrees etc. An intermediate portion of the tether 134 (e.g., between the first and second ends 134a, 134b) can be threaded through an opening in the guide member 126 and / or distal locator 102.
[0065] As previously noted, the sheath 106 can define one or more channels configured to retain the needles 153. The needles 153 can be configured to move between a retracted position in which distal ends of the needles 153 are retained within the channels of the sheath 106 and an advanced position in which the distal ends of the needles 153 have been expelled from the opening 107 in the sidewall of the sheath 106 (as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2C) . According to various embodiments, the needles 153 can be configured to move between the retracted and advanced positions by actuating the plunger 114 of the handle 104. For example, the plunger 114 can be distally advanced relative to the housing 110 of the handle 104 to move the needles 153 from the retracted position to the advanced position and / or the plunger 114 can be proximally retracted relative to the housing 110 of the handle 104 to move the needles 153 from the advanced position to the retracted position.
[0066] The needles 153 are configured to angle away from the sheath 106 at least when in the advanced position. In some embodiments, a portion of the sidewall surrounding the channels within the sheath 106 can include a ramped portion (not visible) near the opening in the sidewall of the sheath 106 that cause the needles 153 to deflect away from the sheath 106 as they exit through the openings 107. In some embodiments, the needles 153 comprise a shape memory alloy and / or a superelastic material such that, when the needles 153 are distally advanced through the opening 107, they assume the bent remembered shape and the distal ends of the needles 153 are spaced apart from the sheath 106. The channels and / or the needles 153 can have shapes and / or material properties that facilitate accurate location of the distal ends of the needles 153 at apertures 151 (corresponding to the desired needle punctures sites) to connect with the ends of the tethers 134 carried by the arms 136.
[0067] According to various embodiments, the suture device 100 can include one pair of needles 153 for each tether 134 (e.g., one pair of needles 153 for one tether 134, two pairs of needles for two tethers 134, etc. ) . In the depicted example, the suture device 100 includes two pairs of needles 153, each pair comprising a first needle 152 and a second needle 154. Each of the first needles 152 can be configured to couple to a first end 134a of one of the tethers 134 (best shown in FIG. 5B) while each of the second needles 154 can be configured to couple to a second end 134b of the same tether 134. Each of the sutures 156 can each extend from a proximal end (not visible in the drawings) within the sheath 106 to a distal end 156b at the distal end 152b of a respective first needle 152. The distal ends 156b of the sutures 156 can be configured to couple to the first ends 134a of the tethers 134 such that proximal retraction of the second ends 134b of the tethers 134 draws the distal ends 156b of the sutures 156 into the blood vessel lumen and out of the blood vessel lumen via the needle punctures created by the second needles 154.
[0068] FIGS. 4-7 illustrate a method of performing a suturing procedure to close a vessel opening VO in a wall W of a blood vessel V, for example by operating the suture device 100 described with reference to FIGS. 1-3. The blood vessel V can comprise a venous blood vessel (e.g., the jugular vein, the femoral vein, etc. ) or an arterial blood vessel (e.g., the femoral artery, etc. ) . FIGS. 4-7 show only two of the four arms 136 for ease of illustration. It will be understood that each pair of arms (and corresponding tethers, needles, and sutures) operate the same.
[0069] The vessel opening VO can be created during a percutaneous transcatheter procedure in which the blood vessel V is accessed through the skin S and subcutaneous tissue T of a patient. During the procedure, a needle and / or an introducer sheath can be inserted through the skin S, subcutaneous tissue T, and blood vessel wall W to provide access to the blood vessel lumen L. The needle and / or an introducer sheath can be inserted into the skin S and subcutaneous tissue T at a non-perpendicular angle to the blood vessel V or at a perpendicular angle to the blood vessel V (as shown in FIGS. 4-7) . In some procedures, the blood vessel V can be accessed via a cut-down procedure in which an incision is made through the patient’s skin S and subcutaneous tissue T.
[0070] An elongate member (not shown) can be inserted through a lumen of the needle and / or an introducer sheath into the blood vessel lumen L to provide and maintain access to the blood vessel lumen L. The elongate member can comprise a guidewire, a suture, a coil, a catheter, and / or another suitable structure for placement within the blood vessel lumen L. The needle and / or an introducer sheath can be retracted proximally over the elongate member and removed from the subcutaneous tissue T and skin S, leaving an opening TO in the subcutaneous tissue T and skin S (also referred to herein as a “tissue opening TO” ) surrounding the elongate member. The elongate member can extend from its distal end within the blood vessel lumen L, through the vessel opening VO and the tissue opening TO, to its proximal end positioned extracorporeally.
[0071] In some embodiments, one or more interventional members can be inserted over the elongate member and distally advanced over the elongate member into the blood vessel lumen L via the tissue and vessel openings TO, VO. The elongate member can be positioned within a lumen of the interventional member to guide the interventional member into the blood vessel lumen L. Insertion of the interventional member into the tissue opening TO can increase a diameter of the tissue opening TO and / or one or more additional interventional members can be advanced into the tissue opening TO prior to insertion of the interventional member to increase a diameter of the tissue opening TO to accommodate the interventional member. The interventional member can comprise a catheter, a dilator, an introducer, and / or any other suitable medical device. A distal end of the interventional member can be navigated through the blood vessel lumen L to a treatment site within the patient’s cardiovascular system. The interventional member can be configured to perform a medical procedure and / or one or more additional medical devices can be advanced through a lumen of the interventional member into the patient’s cardiovascular system. Such medical devices can comprise, for example, progressively smaller catheters, a delivery system, a treatment device, etc. In some embodiments, the interventional member comprises a large bore catheter having an outer diameter of at least 24 French, at least 27 French, or at least 30 French. The interventional member can be inserted into the blood vessel lumen L before, during, or after delivery of a suture to the blood vessel V with the suture device 100 but prior to closure of the vessel opening VO with the suture.
[0072] To deliver the suture device 100 through the tissue and vessel openings TO, VO and into the blood vessel lumen L, the suture device 100 can be advanced distally over the elongate member through the tissue and vessel openings TO, VO. According to various embodiments, the lumen of the distal locator 102 can extend radially through the outer surface of the distal locator 102 at its proximal portion such that the elongate member can exit radially from the proximal portion of the distal locator 102 as the distal locator 102 is advanced over the elongate member. This configuration can prevent the elongate member from interfering with the anchor assembly 108. Still, in some embodiments, the lumen can extend through the proximal end of the distal locator 102 such that the elongate member exits proximally from the distal locator 102 as the distal locator 102 is advanced. In at least some embodiments, the elongate member can extend through the anchor assembly 108, the sheath 106 and / or the handle 104.
[0073] The suture device 100 can be distally advanced with the arms 136 in the collapsed configuration and coupled to the tethers 134 (similar to FIG. 2E) until the arms 136 are positioned within the blood vessel lumen L. In some embodiments, the suture device 100 can include one or more positioning indicators configured to guide insertion of the suture device 100. For example, the suture device 100 can define a bleed back channel (not shown) having an open distal end at or near the arms 136 and an open proximal end at or near the handle 104. When the suture device 100 is distally advanced through the vessel opening VO and the anchor assembly 108 is positioned within the blood vessel lumen L, the distal end of the bleed back channel will be positioned within the blood vessel lumen L such that blood is drawn proximally through the bleed back channel and exits through the proximal end of the bleed back channel. The presence of blood at the proximal end of the bleed back channel can indicate that the arms 136 are positioned within the blood vessel lumen L as desired. Additionally or alternatively, the suture device 100 can include one or more visual markers configured to indicate a position of the suture device 100 or one or more components of the suture device 100 relative to the anatomy. For example, the sheath 106 can include one or more visual markers (e.g., printed indicia, bands of material, etc. ) that, when positioned extracorporeally and adjacent to the patient’s skin S, indicate a depth of the anchor assembly 108 within the patient’s tissue T and / or blood vessel V.
[0074] Once the arms 136 are positioned within the blood vessel lumen L, the arms 136 can be transformed from the low-profile or collapsed configuration to the expanded configuration, for example as shown in FIG. 4. For example, the lever 112 of the handle 104 can be rotated proximally to proximally retract the rod 128 (FIG. 3) and radially expand the arms 136. Once expanded in the blood vessel lumen L, the radial dimension of the arms 136 is greater than a radial dimension of the vessel opening VO and the arms 136 can no longer pass proximally through the vessel opening VO. In this manner, the arms 136 can retain the suture device 100 within the vessel opening VO for the suturing procedure.
[0075] After expanding the arms 136, the device 100 can be pulled proximally to place the proximal segments 138 of the arms 136 into apposition with the luminal surface of the blood vessel wall W, which provides tactile feedback to a user regarding the location of the arms 136 within the blood vessel lumen L. As shown in FIG. 5A, when the arms 136 are expanded within the blood vessel lumen L and positioned in contact with the luminal surface of the blood vessel wall W, the apertures 151 in the arms 136 (and thus the ends of the tethers 134) are positioned at desired needle puncture sites about the periphery of the vessel opening VO. In some embodiments, the first end 134a and the second end 134b of each tether 134, and the corresponding desired locations of the needle punctures sites, can be spaced apart by about 8 mm, about 9 mm, about 10 mm, about 11 mm, about 12 mm, about 13 mm, or greater than about 13 mm when the anchor 120 is in the radially expanded configuration. The spacing between the ends of the tether 134 and the corresponding locations of the needle punctures can be based on the diameter of the vessel opening VO and / or the outer diameter of the largest interventional member (e.g., large bore catheter, etc. ) to be inserted into the vessel opening VO such that the needle punctures sites are disposed around the periphery of the vessel opening VO.
[0076] With the arms 136 expanded and proximate the luminal surface of the vessel wall, as depicted in FIG. 5A, the needles 153 can be advanced through the openings 107 in the sheath 106 and into the apertures 151 in the arms 136 to couple with the ends of the tethers 134. For example, the plunger 114 can be distally advanced relative to the housing 110 of the handle 104 to move the needles 153 from the retracted position to the advanced position.
[0077] FIG. 5B is an isolated view of portions of two of the arms 136 utilized for threading a single suture 156 through the blood vessel wall two locations (each location associated with one of the arms 136) . With reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B, once the needles 153 puncture the vessel wall and engage corresponding arms 136, a distal end 152b of each of the first needles 152 couples to a first end 134a of one of the tethers 134 (coupled to a first one of the arms 136) and a corresponding one of the second needles 154 couples to a second end 134b of the same tether 134 (coupled to a second one of the arms 136) . In some embodiments, the first end 134a of the tether 134 is coupled to a first coupler 158 that is configured to couple with the distal end 152b of the first needle 152. In some examples, a distal end 152b of the first needle 152 is coupled to an intermediate connector 160, which is then coupled to the first coupler 158. The distal end 156b of the suture 156 is also coupled to the intermediate connector 160. Thus, when the first needles 152 pierce through the vessel wall W and the intermediate connector 160 engages the first coupler 158 at the first end 134a of the tether 134, the suture 156 carried by the first needle 152 is also coupled to the first end 134a via the intermediate connector 160 and first coupler 158. The distal end 154b of the second needle 154 can couple directly to a second coupler 159 associated with the second end 134b of the tether 134. The first and second couplers 158, 159 can be retained within the first and / or second apertures 148, 150 of the arms 136, or another portion of the arms 136.
[0078] Once the first and second needles 152, 154 have pierced the blood vessel wall W, the first and second needles 152, 154 can be proximally retracted (e.g., by proximally retracting the plunger 114 relative to the housing 110, etc. ) to draw the suture 156 through the blood vessel lumen L across the vessel opening VO. The intermediate connectors 160 can be detachably connected to the distal ends 152b of the first needles 152 but fixedly connected to the distal ends 156b of the sutures 156 and the first couplers 158 at the first ends 134a of the tethers 134. Additionally, the distal ends 154b of the second needles 154 can be fixedly coupled to the second couplers 159 at the second ends 134b of the tethers 134. Thus, when the first and second needles 152, 154 are proximally retracted, the second couplers 159 at the second ends 134b of the tethers 134 can be proximally retracted out of the arms 136 along with the second needles 154. The intermediate connectors 160 coupled to the first couplers 158 at the first ends 134a of the tethers 134 can detach from the first needles 152 while the distal ends 156b of the sutures 156 remain coupled to the first couplers 158 via the intermediate connectors 160. As the second ends 134b of the tethers 134 are drawn proximally through the needle punctures in the blood vessel wall W created by the second needles 154, the first ends 134a of the tethers 134 and the coupled distal ends 156b of the sutures 156 can be drawn into the blood vessel lumen L. As the tethers 134 are further proximally retracted, the first ends 134a of the tethers 134 and the coupled distal ends 156b of the sutures 156 can be drawn proximally through the needle punctures created by the second needles 154 as well such that the tethers 134 are removed from the blood vessel V (see FIG. 6) . Thus, the proximal ends of the sutures 156 can be positioned outside of the blood vessel V adjacent the needle punctures created by the first needles 152, the distal ends 156b of the sutures 156 can be positioned outside of the blood vessel V adjacent the needle punctures created by the second needles 154, and an intermediate portion 156c of each suture 156 between its proximal and distal ends can be positioned within the blood vessel lumen L and extend across the vessel opening VO between the needle punctures created by the corresponding first and second needles 152, 154. As shown in FIG. 6, the intermediate portions 156c of the sutures 156 can cross one another at a position aligned with the vessel opening VO but spaced apart from the luminal surface of the vessel wall W. In some embodiments, the intermediate portions 156c of the sutures 156 can extend through the aperture 103 defined by the distal locator 102. For example, the sutures 156 can sit within a notch in the distal locator 102 such that when the suture device 100 is removed from the body, the sutures 156 can slip out of the notch.
[0079] The tethers 134 and / or sutures 156 can be configured to release from the arms 136 of the anchor 120 during and / or after proximal retraction of the needles. In some embodiments, for example as shown in FIG. 6, the sutures 156 can remain within the first and / or second apertures 148, 150 after being placed across vessel opening VO and while the anchor 120 remains radially expanded. However, as the anchor 120 transforms from the radially expanded configuration to the radially contracted configuration, the sutures 156 can exit the first and / or second apertures 148, 150 so that the suture device 100 can be withdrawn from the blood vessel V while the sutures 156 remain in place. In some embodiments, each arm 136 defines a slot creating a radial and / or circumferential passage for the suture 156 to exit the first and / or second apertures 148, 150. In some embodiments, the sutures 156 can be configured to exit the first and / or second apertures 148, 150 while the anchor 120 is in the radially expanded configuration.
[0080] Once the sutures 156 have been delivered across the vessel opening VO, the anchor 120 can be transformed from the radially expanded configuration to the radially contracted configuration for removal from the blood vessel lumen L via the vessel opening VO. In some embodiments, radially contracting the anchor 120 comprises rotating the lever 112 in a direction opposite the direction that the lever 112 was rotated to radially expand the anchor 120. For example, the lever 112 can be rotated in a distal direction such that a free end of the lever 112 moves from a proximal position to a distal position. Such rotation of the lever 112 can cause the rod 128 to slide distally, thereby increasing the longitudinal distance L1 between the proximal end portion 126a of the guide member 126 and the collar 124, increasing the angle α between the proximal and distal segments 138, 140, and decreasing a radial distance between the intermediate portions 136c of the arms 136 and a central longitudinal axis of the suture device 100, thus decreasing the radial dimension of the anchor 120.
[0081] After the sutures 156 have been delivered across the vessel opening VO and the anchor 120 has been radially contracted, the suture device 100 can be proximally withdrawn so that the sheath, the anchor assembly 108, and the distal locator 102 pass proximally through the vessel opening VO and the tissue opening TO while the sutures 156 remain threaded through the blood vessel V. The vessel opening VO can then be closed by tensioning the sutures 156 to draw the portions of the blood vessel wall W opposite one another across the vessel opening VO towards one another. The ends of the sutures 156 can be secured to one another to maintain the tension on the sutures 156 and / or to prevent the sutures 156 from dislodging from the needle punctures sites. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, a knot 162 can be tied from the ends of the sutures 156 and, optionally, advanced to a location within the tissue opening TO at or adjacent to the abluminal surface AS of the blood vessel wall W. In some embodiments, the sutures 156 can be cut to remove an excess length of the sutures 156 proximal of the knot 162. For example, the cutting element 118 at the handle 104 of the suture device 100 can be used to cut the sutures 156 to remove excess length.
[0082] Conclusion
[0083] Although many of the embodiments are described above with respect to systems, devices, and methods for closing openings in blood vessels, the technology is applicable to other applications and / or other approaches, such as closing openings in other bodily or non-bodily vessels. Moreover, other embodiments in addition to those described herein are within the scope of the technology. Additionally, several other embodiments of the technology can have different configurations, components, or procedures than those described herein. A person of ordinary skill in the art, therefore, will accordingly understand that the technology can have other embodiments with additional elements, or the technology can have other embodiments without several of the features shown and described above with reference to FIGS. 1-7.
[0084] The descriptions of embodiments of the technology are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the technology to the precise form disclosed above. Where the context permits, singular or plural terms may also include the plural or singular term, respectively. Although specific embodiments of, and examples for, the technology are described above for illustrative purposes, various equivalent modifications are possible within the scope of the technology, as those skilled in the relevant art will recognize. For example, while steps are presented in a given order, alternative embodiments may perform steps in a different order. The various embodiments described herein may also be combined to provide further embodiments.
[0085] As used herein, the terms “generally, ” “substantially, ” “about, ” and similar terms are used as terms of approximation and not as terms of degree, and are intended to account for the inherent variations in measured or calculated values that would be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0086] Moreover, unless the word “or” is expressly limited to mean only a single item exclusive from the other items in reference to a list of two or more items, then the use of “or” in such a list is to be interpreted as including (a) any single item in the list, (b) all of the items in the list, or (c) any combination of the items in the list. Additionally, the term ″comprising″is used throughout to mean including at least the recited feature (s) such that any greater number of the same feature and / or additional types of other features are not precluded. It will also be appreciated that specific embodiments have been described herein for purposes of illustration, but that various modifications may be made without deviating from the technology. Further, while advantages associated with certain embodiments of the technology have been described in the context of those embodiments, other embodiments may also exhibit such advantages, and not all embodiments need necessarily exhibit such advantages to fall within the scope of the technology. Accordingly, the disclosure and associated technology can encompass other embodiments not expressly shown or described herein.
Claims
1.A suture device for delivering a suture across an opening in a wall of a blood vessel of a patient, the device comprising:a longitudinal axis;a sheath having a proximal end portion, a distal end portion, and defining a lumen extending therethrough, the proximal end portion configured to be positioned at an extracorporeal location during a suturing procedure and the distal end portion configured to be positioned within the patient’s body, proximate the opening in the blood vessel wall;a rod extending through the lumen of the sheath, the rod having a proximal end portion at the proximal end portion of the sheath and a distal end portion, wherein the rod is configured to slide within the lumen;an anchor assembly disposed at the distal end portion of the sheath and configured to be positioned within the blood vessel lumen proximate the opening in the blood vessel wall, the anchor assembly comprising:a guide member extending distally away from the sheath along the longitudinal axis of the device and having a proximal end and a distal end, the guide member comprising a tubular sidewall formed of a plurality of longitudinally extending rails,a collar coupled to the distal end portion of the rod and disposed around the perimeter of the guide member, wherein the collar is configured to slide longitudinally along the rails of the guide member,a plurality of arms disposed about the perimeter of the guide member, each of the arms having proximal and distal segments having respective proximal and distal ends, wherein the proximal ends of the proximal segments are rotatably coupled to the proximal end of the guide member at a first hinge, the distal ends of the proximal segments are rotatably coupled to the proximal ends of the distal segments at a second hinge, and the distal ends of the distal segments are coupled to the collar at a third hinge,wherein the arms are transformable between an expanded configuration in which the arms extend radially away from the guide member and a collapsed configuration in which the arms are substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the device,wherein proximal movement of the rod relative to the sheath and the guide member pulls the collar proximally along the guide member, thereby decreasing an angle between the proximal and distal segments of each of the arms at the respective second hinges and increasing a radial distance between the second hinges and the guide member, andwherein distal movement of the rod relative to the sheath and the guide member pushes the collar distally along the guide member, thereby increasing the angle between the proximal and distal segments of each of the arms at the respective second hinges and decreases the radial distance between the second hinges and the guide member.2.The suture device of Claim 1, wherein the plurality of arms comprises four arms.3.The suture device of Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein, when the arms are in the expanded configuration, the angle between the proximal and distal segments of each of the arms is between about 0 degrees and about 30 degrees.4.The suture device of any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the proximal segments of each of the arms define a respective first aperture and the distal segments of each of the arms define a respective second aperture, and wherein, when the arms are in the expanded configuration, the corresponding first and second apertures of each of the arms are aligned.5.The suture device of Claim 4, further comprising a tether having a first end positioned within a second aperture of one of the arms and a second end positioned within a second aperture of another one of the arms.6.The suture device of any one of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the sheath defines a plurality of internal channels that terminate distally at respective openings in a sidewall of the sheath, and wherein the suture device further comprises a plurality of needles, each of the needles being positioned within one of the channels.7.The suture device of Claim 6, wherein:the proximal segments of each of the arms define a respective first aperture and the distal segments of each of the arms define a respective second aperture, and wherein, when the arms are in the expanded configuration, the corresponding first and second apertures of each of the arms are aligned, andthe needles are configured to move between a retracted position in which distal portions of the needles are disposed within the channels and an advanced position in which the distal portions extend through the openings in the sidewall of the sheath and into the first apertures of the proximal segments of the arms.8.The suture device of Claim 7, wherein, when the needles are in the advanced position, the distal portions of the needles extend distally and radially away from the sidewall of the sheath.9.The suture device of Claim 8, further comprising a suture extending along at least one of the needles.10.The suture device of any one of Claims 1 to 9, further comprising a handle at the proximal end portion of the sheath and a lever disposed at the handle, wherein the lever is operatively coupled to the proximal end portion of the rod, wherein rotation of the lever moves the rod axially relative to the sheath and the guide member, thereby transforming the arms between the expanded configuration and the collapsed configuration.11.The suture device of any one of Claims 1 to 10, further comprising a tubular distal locator defining a lumen therethrough and having a proximal portion disposed at the distal end of the guide member, and a distal portion, wherein the distal locator is configured to slidably receive a guidewire therein, and wherein the distal locator is configured to be distally advanced over the guidewire and positioned within a lumen of the blood vessel via insertion through the opening in the blood vessel wall.
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