Methods for preparing amorphous platinum alloy and fuel cell

Abstract

The present application relates to a method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy. The method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy comprises the following steps: melting a transition metal and platinum into a cast ingot in an inert gas atmosphere; removing an oxide layer from the surface of the cast ingot; and carrying out melt spinning on the cast ingot to obtain an amorphous platinum alloy. The amorphous platinum alloy provided in the present application contains a large amount of transition metal and has a low price, so that the cost of the amorphous platinum alloy is relatively low. The multi-metal composition of the amorphous platinum alloy can improve the catalytic performance by means of an alloying effect, and compared with a conventional crystalline alloy catalyst, the interior of the amorphous alloy is lack of a structural defect causing easy electrochemical corrosion, so that an oxidation-resistant potential of 0.8 V or more can be achieved; in addition, the performance attenuation rate can also be minimized after polarity reversal occurs, and failure would not easily occur at a high potential. Therefore, the amorphous platinum alloy can serve as a fuel cell catalyst with lower cost and better durability.

Description

Preparation method of amorphous platinum alloy and fuel cell Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to fuel cells, and more particularly to fuel cell catalysts. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells use hydrogen as fuel, converting the chemical energy in the fuel directly into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. They offer advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency, zero emissions, and a low noise level. Technological advances are driving the development and upgrading of hydrogen production, storage, and transportation systems. A typical example of a hydrogen fuel cell is the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMTC). Its core component is the membrane electrode (MEA), which consists of a central proton exchange membrane (PEM), a catalyst layer (CL) coated on top, and an outer gas diffusion layer (GDL). The catalytic layer primarily consists of a platinum (Pt / C) catalyst and a perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer (ionomer), forming a cathode and anode. The cathode catalyzes the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), while the anode catalyzes the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). The excellent performance of the Pt / C catalyst is particularly evident in both the ORR and HOR. However, its high cost significantly increases the development costs of the MEA. In addition, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are subject to actual operating conditions such as idling, starting and stopping, and rapid load changes during use. The above operating conditions will bring high potential (higher than 0.85 V) and reverse polarity phenomenon (anode potential is higher than cathode potential), which will cause the irreversible oxidation, dissolution and loss of Pt / C catalyst nanoparticles to be particularly significant, thereby causing rapid failure of the catalyst, such as redeposition, Oswald ripening, agglomeration, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy and a fuel cell to solve the technical problems of high cost and easy failure of Pt / C catalysts at high potentials.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy, the method comprising the following steps:

[0005] The transition metal and platinum are melted into an ingot under an inert gas atmosphere;

[0006] removing an oxide layer on the surface of the ingot;

[0007] The ingot is melt-spun to obtain an amorphous platinum alloy.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the transition metal includes at least one of nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, niobium, tin, iron, and manganese.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the molar ratio of the transition metal to the platinum is 1:(1-4).

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the transition metal and platinum are melted into an ingot in an inert gas atmosphere by an arc melting process.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the arc melting is performed under a vacuum degree of -0.1~0.05MPa.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the arc melting temperature is 100-400° C. higher than the melting point of the ingot.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the spinning speed of the melt spinning is 3000~10000 r·min -1 .

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the melt temperature of the melt spinning is controlled to be 1800~2100°C.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the vacuum degree of the melt spinning is controlled to be -0.1~0.05MPa.

[0016] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a fuel cell, the method comprising the following steps:

[0017] Providing an amorphous platinum alloy prepared by the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect;

[0018] processing the amorphous platinum alloy into alloy nanoparticles;

[0019] mixing the alloy nanoparticles with a carbon support to obtain a premix;

[0020] The premix is ​​made into a slurry and then placed on a proton exchange membrane to form a catalytic layer, wherein the catalytic layer is at least one of a cathode catalytic layer and an anode catalytic layer;

[0021] A fuel cell is prepared using the proton exchange membrane with the catalytic layer as a substrate.

[0022] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0023] The amorphous platinum alloy provided in the embodiments of the present application contains a large amount of transition metals, which are inexpensive, making the amorphous platinum alloy low-cost. Its multi-metal components can enhance catalytic performance through the alloying effect. Compared with traditional crystalline alloy catalysts, the amorphous alloy lacks structural defects that are prone to electrochemical corrosion, thereby achieving an oxidation resistance potential of over 0.8V. It can also minimize the performance degradation rate after reverse polarity and is less likely to fail at high potentials. Therefore, it can be used as a fuel cell catalyst with lower cost and better durability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0026] FIG1 is an optical microscope image of the amorphous platinum alloy prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0027] FIG2 is an XRD pattern of the amorphous platinum alloy prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0028] FIG3 is an ORR polarization curve of the amorphous platinum alloy prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0029] FIG4 is a HRR polarization curve diagram of the amorphous platinum alloy prepared in Example 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, the terms used herein should be understood as having the same meaning as commonly used in the art. Therefore, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. In the event of any conflict, the present specification shall take precedence.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this application can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0033] Existing Pt / C catalysts have technical problems such as high cost and easy failure at high potentials.

[0034] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are intended to solve the above technical problems, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0035] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy, the method comprising the following steps:

[0036] S11: melting the transition metal and platinum into an ingot under an inert gas atmosphere;

[0037] S12: removing the oxide layer on the surface of the ingot;

[0038] S13: melt-spinning the ingot to obtain an amorphous platinum alloy.

[0039] The purpose of performing step S11 under an inert gas atmosphere is to avoid oxidation and prevent heterogeneous nucleation and growth of the alloy.

[0040] The purpose of removing the oxide layer on the surface of the ingot in step S12 is to reduce oxides and prevent heterogeneous nucleation and growth of the alloy.

[0041] The successful removal of the oxide layer is marked by a smooth, clean surface and good light reflectivity. The oxide layer can be removed by conventional methods in the art, such as polishing with sandpaper.

[0042] The amorphous platinum alloy prepared in this application contains a large amount of transition metals, which are inexpensive, making the cost of the amorphous platinum alloy low; its multi-metal components can improve catalytic performance through the alloying effect. Compared with traditional crystalline alloy catalysts, the amorphous alloy lacks structural defects that are prone to electrochemical corrosion, thereby achieving an oxidation resistance potential of up to 0.8V or more. It can also minimize the performance decay rate after the occurrence of reverse polarity and is not easy to fail at high potentials. Therefore, it can be used as a preparation method for fuel cell catalysts with lower cost and better durability.

[0043] The present application is to prevent the heterogeneous nucleation and growth of the alloy by making a transition metal and platinum into an ingot under an inert gas atmosphere and removing the oxide layer, thereby obtaining an amorphous platinum alloy having a short-range ordered optimized structure. When applied to the hydrogenation or oxygen reduction reaction catalyst in the preparation method of a fuel cell, it has a higher intrinsic activity than the Pt / C catalyst. At the same time, due to the lack of structural defects inside the amorphous platinum alloy that are prone to electrochemical corrosion, it has extremely strong oxidation resistance. When applied to the hydrogenation or oxygen reduction reaction catalyst in the preparation method of a fuel cell, it also has better high potential resistance and anti-reverse polarity performance than the existing Pt alloy catalyst, and is not easy to fail at high potential.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, the transition metal includes at least one of nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, niobium, tin, iron, and manganese.

[0045] The above metals are readily available non-precious metals and can easily form amorphous alloys with platinum.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the molar ratio of the transition metal to the platinum is 1:(1-4).

[0047] The molar ratio of the transition metal to platinum is limited to 1:(1-4), which is conducive to obtaining an amorphous platinum alloy with a relatively uniform structure. The platinum content is above 50%, ensuring its catalytic performance.

[0048] As an example, the amount ratio of the transition metal to the platinum may be 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, or 1:4.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, the transition metal and platinum are melted into an ingot in an inert gas atmosphere by an arc melting process.

[0050] The inert gas is a rare gas.

[0051] It is easy to understand that arc melting has the advantage of being easy to maintain an oxygen-free environment.

[0052] During the arc melting process, vacuum is first evacuated and then filled with inert gas. After the inert gas atmosphere is maintained, the transition metal and platinum are melted by the arc.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the arc melting is performed under a vacuum degree of -0.1~0.05MPa.

[0054] As an example, the arc melting may be performed under vacuum degrees of -0.1 MPa, -0.05 MPa, 0 MPa, or 0.05 MPa.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the arc melting temperature is 100-400° C. higher than the melting point of the ingot.

[0056] As an example, the arc melting temperature may be 100° C., 200° C., 300° C., or 400° C. higher than the melting point of the ingot.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, the spinning speed of the melt spinning is 3000~10000 r·min -1 .

[0058] As an example, the spinning speed of the melt spinning can be 3000 r·min -1 , 4000 r·min -1 , 5000 r·min -1 , 6000 r·min -1 , 7000 r·min -1 , 8000 r·min -1 , 9000 r·min -1 、10000 r·min -1 .

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, the melt temperature of the melt spinning is controlled to be 1800~2100°C.

[0060] As an example, the melt temperature of the melt spinning can be controlled to 1800°C, 1900°C, 2000°C, or 2100°C.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, the vacuum degree of the melt spinning is controlled to be -0.1~0.05MPa.

[0062] As an example, the vacuum degree of the melt spinning can be controlled to be -0.1 MPa, -0.05 MPa, 0 MPa, or 0.05 MPa.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, the amorphous platinum alloy obtained by melt spinning is in the shape of a ribbon with a width of 1 to 5 mm and a thickness of 20 to 40 um.

[0064] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a fuel cell, the method comprising the following steps:

[0065] S21: providing an amorphous platinum alloy prepared by the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect;

[0066] S22: processing the amorphous platinum alloy into alloy nanoparticles;

[0067] S23: mixing the alloy nanoparticles with a carbon support to obtain a premix;

[0068] S24: preparing the premix into a slurry and placing the slurry on a proton exchange membrane to form a catalyst layer, wherein the catalyst layer is at least one of a cathode catalyst layer and an anode catalyst layer;

[0069] S25: preparing a fuel cell using the proton exchange membrane having the catalytic layer as a substrate.

[0070] It is easy to understand that the amorphous platinum alloy is processed into alloy nanoparticles in step S22 by a conventional method in the art, for example, ball milling.

[0071] It is easy to understand that those skilled in the art can use conventional technical means in the art to prepare the premix into a slurry. As an example, a mixture of isopropyl alcohol and water in a volume ratio of 1:1 can be prepared first, and then the mixture can be added to the premix to prepare the slurry.

[0072] It is easy to understand that the method of placing the slurry on the proton exchange membrane can be carried out by conventional technical means in the art, such as spraying.

[0073] It is easy to understand that the slurry can be used to prepare a cathode catalyst layer or an anode catalyst layer, can be used to prepare one of the layers, or can be used to prepare both the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer.

[0074] It is easy to understand that those skilled in the art can further prepare other catalytic layers, gas diffusion layers, etc. on the basis of the proton exchange membrane with the catalytic layer through conventional technical means to prepare membrane electrodes, and then prepare the membrane electrodes into fuel cells.

[0075] The preparation method of the fuel cell is implemented based on the amorphous platinum alloy prepared by the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect. The specific implementation of the preparation method of the fuel cell can refer to the above embodiments and common knowledge in the field. Since the preparation method of the fuel cell adopts part or all of the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0076] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are intended to illustrate the present application only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The experimental methods in the following examples where specific conditions are not specified are generally measured according to industry standards. If there are no corresponding industry standards, then the methods are carried out according to general international standards, conventional conditions, or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

[0077] Example 1

[0078] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy, which comprises the following steps:

[0079] Sa: Provide a vacuum arc furnace, evacuate it and then introduce argon gas;

[0080] Sb: Pt, Ni, and Nb are added to the vacuum arc furnace at a molar ratio of 4:1:1, and arc-melted to obtain an ingot;

[0081] Sc: polishing the ingot with sandpaper until its surface is smooth, clean and has good reflectivity;

[0082] Sd: The ingot is melt-spun to obtain an amorphous platinum alloy.

[0083] Wherein, the arc melting is performed under a vacuum degree of -0.1 MPa.

[0084] The arc melting temperature is 1900°C.

[0085] The spinning speed of the melt spinning is 3000 r·min -1 .

[0086] The melt temperature of the melt spinning is controlled at 1800°C.

[0087] The vacuum degree of the melt spinning was controlled to be -0.1 MPa.

[0088] Example 2

[0089] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy, which comprises the following steps:

[0090] Sa: Provide a vacuum arc furnace, evacuate it and then introduce argon gas;

[0091] Sb: Pt, Fe, and Ni are added to the vacuum arc furnace at a molar ratio of 3:1:1, and arc-melted to obtain an ingot;

[0092] Sc: polishing the ingot with sandpaper until its surface is smooth, clean and has good reflectivity;

[0093] Sd: The ingot is melt-spun to obtain an amorphous platinum alloy.

[0094] Wherein, the arc melting is performed under a vacuum degree of 0.05 MPa.

[0095] The arc melting temperature is 1800°C.

[0096] The spinning speed of the melt spinning is 10000 r·min -1 .

[0097] The melt temperature of the melt spinning is controlled at 2100°C.

[0098] The vacuum degree of the melt spinning is controlled to be 0.05 MPa.

[0099] Example 3

[0100] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy, which comprises the following steps:

[0101] Sa: Provide a vacuum arc furnace, evacuate it and then introduce argon gas;

[0102] Sb: Pt, Mn, and Nb are added to the vacuum arc furnace at a molar ratio of 6:1:1, and arc-melted to obtain an ingot;

[0103] Sc: polishing the ingot with sandpaper until its surface is smooth, clean and has good reflectivity;

[0104] Sd: The ingot is melt-spun to obtain an amorphous platinum alloy.

[0105] Wherein, the arc melting is performed under a vacuum degree of 0.03 MPa.

[0106] The arc melting temperature is 2000°C.

[0107] The spinning speed of the melt spinning is 8000 r·min -1 .

[0108] The melt temperature of the melt spinning is controlled to be 2000°C.

[0109] The vacuum degree of the melt spinning is controlled to be 0.4 MPa.

[0110] Related experiments and effect data:

[0111] The amorphous platinum alloy prepared in Example 1 was observed using an optical microscope, and the obtained optical microscope image is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 shows that Example 1 obtained a ribbon-shaped amorphous platinum alloy with a microscopically regular and uniform shape, and a width of about 2 mm.

[0112] The amorphous platinum alloy obtained in Example 1 was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and the obtained XRD pattern is shown in FIG2 .

[0113] As can be seen from FIG. 2 , the characteristic peaks of the amorphous platinum alloy obtained in Example 1 all exhibit the characteristics of an amorphous “steamed bun peak”, and the material can be determined to be amorphous.

[0114] The amorphous platinum alloy obtained in Example 1 was subjected to an ORR (oxygen reduction) polarization test, and the obtained ORR polarization curve is shown in FIG3 .

[0115] ORR performance testing conditions were as follows: a saturated calomel electrode (Hg / HgCl₂ / saturated KCl solution, SCE) was used as the reference electrode, a large-area Pt sheet or Pt wire was used as the counter electrode, and an O₂-saturated 0.1 mol / L HClO₄ solution was used as the electrolyte. These electrodes, along with the working electrode, were placed in an electrolytic cell to form a three-electrode system. The catalyst was first activated by saturating the three-electrode system with N₂ for 30 minutes while maintaining the cell temperature at room temperature (25°C). The scan range was set from 0.05 V to 1.10 V (vs. RHE) at a scan rate of 200 mV / s for 200 cycles. Following activation, the cell temperature was maintained at 25°C. Saturating the three-electrode system with O₂ for 30 minutes, the stirring speed was controlled at 400 rpm, and the scan range was set from 1.10 V to 0.05 V (vs. RHE) at a scan rate of 10 mV / s.

[0116] Figure 3 shows that the half-wave potential of the amorphous platinum alloy is as high as 0.9 V, and its overall ORR potential is at a low level, indicating that it has excellent ORR activity and anti-reverse polarity ability.

[0117] The amorphous platinum alloy obtained in Example 1 was subjected to a HOR (hydrogen oxidization) polarization test, and the obtained HOR polarization curve is shown in FIG4 .

[0118] HOR performance testing conditions were as follows: a silver-silver chloride electrode (Ag / AgCl / saturated KCl solution) was used as the reference electrode, a large-area Pt sheet / Pt wire was used as the counter electrode, and a H₂-saturated 0.1 mol / L HClO₄ solution was used as the electrolyte. This electrode, along with the working electrode, was placed in an electrolytic cell to form a three-electrode system. The catalyst was first activated to a stable state. The electrolytic cell temperature was maintained at room temperature (25°C). H₂ was bubbled through the three-electrode system for approximately 30 minutes until saturation, and H₂ was continuously bubbled through the system. A scan range of -0.05 V to 0.2 V (vs. RHE) was set at a scan rate of 50 mV / s for 50 cycles. Following activation, the cell temperature was maintained at 25°C. H₂ was bubbled through the three-electrode system until saturation, and hydrogen was continuously bubbled through the rotating disk electrode at 1600 rpm. The scan range was set at -0.1 V to 0.9 V (vs. RHE) at a scan rate of 1 mV / s from low to high potential.

[0119] Figure 4 shows that the limiting current density of amorphous platinum alloy is 2.4A / cm 2 , and no performance degradation occurs at a potential as high as 0.8 V, indicating its excellent HOR activity.

[0120] Various embodiments of the present application may be presented in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for convenience and brevity and should not be understood as a hard limitation on the scope of the present application; therefore, the range description should be considered to have specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single numbers within the range. For example, the description of a range from 1 to 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed sub-ranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, which applies regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it is meant to include any cited number (fractional or integer) within the indicated range.

[0121] In this application, unless otherwise indicated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" refer specifically to the directions of the drawings in the accompanying drawings. In addition, in the description of this application specification, the terms "include", "comprise", etc. mean "including but not limited to". Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises", or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the phrase "include..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the elements. In this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In this document, "and / or" describes the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. When the expression "and / or" is used to describe a relationship involving three or more associated items, it means that any one of the three associated items can exist alone, or at least two of them can exist simultaneously. For example, "A," "and / or B," and / or "C" can mean that any one of A, B, and C exists alone, any two of them exist simultaneously, or all three of them exist simultaneously. As used herein, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one," "at least one of the following," or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" or "at least one of a, b, and c" can mean: a, b, c, a+b (i.e., a and b), a+c, b+c, or a+b+c, where a, b, and c can each be single or plural.

[0122] The foregoing is merely a list of specific embodiments of the present application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy, characterized in that: The preparation method of the amorphous platinum alloy comprises the following steps: The transition metal and platinum are melted into an ingot under an inert gas atmosphere; removing an oxide layer on the surface of the ingot; The ingot is melt-spun to obtain an amorphous platinum alloy.

2. The method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy according to claim 1, wherein: The transition metal includes at least one of nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, niobium, tin, iron, and manganese.

3. The method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy according to claim 1, wherein: The molar ratio of the transition metal to the platinum is 1:(1-4).

4. The method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy according to claim 1, wherein: The transition metal and platinum are melted into an ingot in an inert gas atmosphere by an arc melting process.

5. The method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy according to claim 4, wherein: The arc melting is performed under a vacuum degree of -0.1 to 0.05 MPa.

6. The method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy according to claim 4, wherein: The arc melting temperature is 100-400° C. higher than the melting point of the ingot.

7. The method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy according to claim 1, wherein: The spinning speed of the melt spinning is 3000~10000 r·min -1 .

8. The method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy according to claim 1, wherein: The melt temperature of the melt spinning is controlled to be 1800-2100°C.

9. The method for preparing an amorphous platinum alloy according to claim 1, wherein: The vacuum degree of the melt spinning is controlled to be -0.1~0.05MPa.

10. A method for preparing a fuel cell, characterized in that: The fuel cell preparation method comprises the following steps: Providing an amorphous platinum alloy prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9; processing the amorphous platinum alloy into alloy nanoparticles; mixing the alloy nanoparticles with a carbon support to obtain a premix; The premix is ​​made into a slurry and then placed on a proton exchange membrane to form a catalytic layer, wherein the catalytic layer is at least one of a cathode catalytic layer and an anode catalytic layer; A fuel cell is prepared using the proton exchange membrane with the catalytic layer as a substrate.

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