Machine for fine defibration of sisal, pineapple leaves and musaceae crop stems

Abstract

The present invention relates to a defibration machine for pineapple, sisal leaves and Musaceae crop stems (plantain, banana, guineo, etc.), which quickly and safely produces the natural fibre due to its structure which is equipped with a bridge and protective cover that ensures the safety of the operator. In addition, the invention is characterised by the greater speed of the machine that is generated by means of transmission via pulleys and belts, thereby obtaining 2000 rpm in a blade-carrying cylinder. This cylinder is a metal rotary cylinder made of carbon steel, provided with 12 angled stainless steel blades with blunt edge, fastened to the cylinder using stainless steel screws, which produces a finer defibration and prevents the corrosion caused by the fluid released from the leaf when defibrated. The field of application of the present invention is intended for the agroindustry sector, more specifically the defibration of sisal, pineapple leaves and Musaceae crops.

Description

[0001] MACHINE FOR FINE SHREDDING OF FIQUE STRANDS, PINEAPPLE AND STEM OF MUSACEOUS PLANTS.

[0002] TECHNOLOGY SECTOR

[0003] The present invention is located in the basic sciences sector, more specifically in the agro-industrial and mechanical sectors.

[0004] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0005] Thanks to his knowledge of industrial mechanics and recognizing the needs of artisans working with natural fiber, the inventor designed the machine for extracting fiber from the fique leaf.

[0006] The artisans of the Hulla department, in a manual and rudimentary way, extract the fiber using a board with a nail stuck in the upper end, with which they secure the penca, and proceed to scrape or defiber it with a machete, exerting pressure against the penca, which requires strength, causing physical exhaustion of the person, highlighting that this work is mostly performed by female artisans.

[0007] This manual process is time-consuming; scraping or defibering a leaf can take around 20 minutes; using the machine, a leaf can be defibered in just 30 seconds.

[0008] The inventor carries out an analysis in the market verifying the existence of a machine or device that could be used for the process of defibering fique leaves, resulting in finding a tool or machine with the characteristics and components of the invention to be patented. Carrying out the analysis in the state of the art, the patent MX2016014666A was found - Scraping-cleaning machine for defibering maguey leaves, it comprises multiple main elements that are provided with a scraper-defibrating drum with multiple nails and metal bars, where the cleaning device is connected to a flexible rubber bristle shaft, it differs from the invention to be patented because the drum has 12 stainless steel blades that when rotating, in front of the fixed blade placed frontally on the tabletop, performs the defibering process.

[0009] Another of the patents analyzed in the state of the art is number C02017003211A1 - Fique extraction machine, composed of electromechanical modules such as feeder, crusher, cutter, extractor and storage, has a more industrial process generating more risk, making its mobilization and transfer difficult, the invention to be patented thanks to its structure is easy to transport, and generates safety for the operator in its handling.

[0010] For the above reasons, respected New Creations Department, we consider that our machine meets the requirements for patenting as a utility model, since, in the state of the art, defibering patents have been found, but they do not have the essential characteristics that make the defibering process faster and safer for the operator.

[0011] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] A defibering machine for pineapple stalks, fique, and musacea plant stems (plantain, banana, plantain, etc.), which allows for the rapid and safe extraction of natural fiber, thanks to its structure, which features a bridge and protective cover that provides operator safety. Furthermore, its higher speed is generated through transmission by pulleys and belts, achieving 2,000 RPM on the blade-holder cylinder. This rotating metal cylinder is made of carbon steel, equipped with 12 angled stainless steel blades with pompo edges, secured to the cylinder with stainless steel screws. This allows for finer defibering and prevents corrosion caused by the liquid emanating from the stalk as it defibers.

[0013] DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES.

[0014] 1. Front View: where a motor (104), a protective cover (105), a table top (3), a channel (4), a worm screw (5), a protective hand bridge (7) are described.

[0015] 2. Rear View: where the blades (101), a cylinder (102), bearings (103), a motor (104), a protective cover (105), the cylinder shaft (106), table top (3), a blade (301), a channel (4), a worm screw (5), a hand protection bridge (7) are described.

[0016] 3. Bottom View: where the rotating blade mechanism (1), a motor (104), a protective cover (105), the angle rails (2), a table top (3), a channel (4), and a worm screw (5) are described.

[0017] 4. Isometric View: where a motor (104), a protective cover (105), a table top (3), a worm screw (5), a screwed plate (6), a protective hand bridge (7) are described.

[0018] 5. Isometric View: where the rotating mechanism of blades (1), the blades (101), a cylinder (102), bearings (103), a protective cover (105), the cylinder shaft (106), a table top (3), a channel (4), a worm screw (5), a screwed plate (6), a hand protection bridge (7) are described. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] This new creation refers to a machine for finely shredding fique stalks, pineapples, and musaceous plant stems, allowing the operator to work safely and stably when handling the raw material described here. This raw material has the unique characteristic, even in these current times, of being handcrafted by those dedicated to this trade. It is then clear how the material from fique stalks, pineapples, and other musaceous plants is extracted by hand, even without an autonomous mechanical mechanism. This is where this new creation plays a particularly important role, providing operators with an alternative that optimizes and promotes efficient and safe work in this sector of the industry.While it is true that there are various devices worldwide that resemble the one proposed here, the truth is that, given its particularities, this invention presents some improvements and new provisions when carrying out the actions of defibrating the leaves.

[0020] Some specific differences lie in the arrangement of the blade mechanism, in terms of spacing, dimensions, and calibrations, which allows for greater efficiency in the defibering process and an optimal quality result from the perspective of the product that will ultimately be destined for the industrial sectors of interest, which may include, among others, crafts and fashion.

[0021] The fact that a utility model patent is held is redundant, given that the device being protected is clearly state-of-the-art, but lacks the key conditions and characteristics that have been established on this occasion, in order to achieve a substantial improvement in the work carried out in this field of industry. From this point on, a detailed explanation will be provided of each specific feature that allows us to comply with the statements made above.

[0022] This machine presented within the current patent process has its own characteristics from its dimensions, speeds, conditions of its elements and calibrations, which are evident in the fact of having a structure installed on a metal support where the motor for the movement of the rotating blade mechanism (1) is housed and which at the base of its upper part contains angular rails (2) for the horizontal movement of the table top (3). Said angular rails (2) are arranged up to half the horizontal length of the metal support, since the table top (3) in its distal part has its own blade (301), which is located frontally with the rotating blade mechanism (1) arranged in the other half of the metal support.

[0023] The metal support, in addition to containing the structures of the table top and the rotating blade mechanism (1), also has a channel (4) responsible for receiving the waste, liquids and solids, generated by the defibering action carried out by the proposed machine.

[0024] The table top (3) provided in this patent application rests on angular rails (2), which allow horizontal movement for the graduation of distances between the rotating blade mechanism (1) and the blade (301) located in the distal part of the table top (3). This table top (3) has a rectangular shape, which interacts with a movement transmission mechanism generated, among others, by a worm screw (5), which allows it to move along the angular rails (2), according to the operator's disposition, for the frontal confrontation between its blade (301) and the rotating blade mechanism (1). The proposed movement transmission mechanism is installed in the central part of the table top (3), thereby facilitating its movement through the angular rails (2) and given the adequacy of a screwed plate (6) it delimits the graduation of the movement of the table top (3).

[0025] The blade (301) installed in the distal part of the tabletop (3) has the particularity that it must be arranged vertically, to provide stability in the defibering process generated in interaction with the rotating blade mechanism (1), in which the blades are arranged in the opposite direction.

[0026] (101) at a specific angle of 90°, that is, horizontally. This complement between the blades, one arranged vertically to support the stalk treated by the rotating blade mechanism (1) and in turn, the horizontal arrangement of the latter, allows the operator to achieve a favorable and effective result in the actual defibering.

[0027] As the main and differentiating feature of this proposed machine, the size and / or diameter of the rotating blade mechanism (1) has been established, which, being larger, allows the operator with the intervention of a quantity between 10 and 15 blades (101) to achieve the objective of defibering the fique, pineapple and musaceae plant stalks in less time and with higher quality. The diameter determined for the cylinder

[0028] (102) within the rotating blade mechanism (1) is between 20 to 26 centimeters.

[0029] The blade-carrying cylinder has a protective cover (105) with a 180° opening, when closed it rests on the hand protection bridge (7) secured with screws, which provides safety to the operator.

[0030] In addition to the blades (101), the rotating blade mechanism (1) has a motor that provides the rotating movement to the cylinder (102), supported on two bearings (103) fixed with screws to the structure, through a transmission given by the action of belts and pulleys, installed from the motor shaft and the shaft of the rotating blade mechanism (1). The motor (104) allows the rotating action in the rotating blade mechanism (1) through the 1745 RPM, which it grants, and, in turn, the transmission of movement of the belts and pulleys is generated by the change in size between the one arranged on the motor shaft (104) and that attached to the cylinder shaft (106) of the rotating blade mechanism. This interaction between the motor, the pulleys and belts, generated from the transmission of movement to the cylinder shaft (106) of the rotating blade mechanism (1) allows a speed of up to 2000 RPM.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A machine for fine defibering of fique stalks, pineapple and stem of musaceous plants which, in a particular way, is characterized by being supported on a metal support which, in its upper base, has angular rails (2) along which the table top (3) moves horizontally and which, in its lower part, has a channel (4) for receiving liquid or solid waste generated by the fine defibering of fique stalks, pineapple and stem of musaceous plants.

2. A machine for finely shredding fique leaves, pineapple and stems of musaceae plants, characterized in that, on the metal support, it has a rotating mechanism of blades (1) with blades (101) arranged horizontally, a cylinder (102) supported on bearings (103) and centered on an axis (106), a motor (104) and a protective cover (105) for the blades.

3. A machine for fine defibering of fique leaves, pineapple and stem of musaceae plants, according to any of the claims, wherein the angular rails (2) are arranged up to half the horizontal length of the metal support, so that the blade (301) located in the distal part of the tabletop (3) coincides frontally with the rotating blade mechanism (1), arranged in the other half of the metal support.

4. A machine for fine defibering of fique leaves, pineapple and stem of musaceae plants, according to any of the claims, where the angular rails (2) on which a movement transmission system of the table top (3) rests, provides a horizontal movement to the table top (3) for the adjustment of distances between the rotating blade mechanism (1) and the blade (301) of the table top (3).

5. A machine for fine defibering of fique leaves, pineapple and stem of musaceous plants, characterized in that the transmission system The movement consists of a worm screw (5) to facilitate the horizontal movement of the tabletop (3) and a screwed plate (6) that delimits this movement.

6. A machine for fine defibering of fique leaves, pineapple and stem of musaceous plants, according to claim 5, wherein the auger (5) is installed in the central part of the table top (3) and from there the movement is generated on the angular rails (2) of the table top (3), to achieve the interaction of its blade (301) with the rotating blade system (1).

7. A machine for fine defibering of fique stalks, pineapple and stem of musaceae plants, according to any of the claims, wherein the blade (301) of the tabletop (3) has the particularity of being installed vertically, thereby providing stability in the defibering that is carried out with the rotating blade system (1), within which its blades (101) are arranged at a specific angle of 90°, completely horizontal.

8. A machine for fine defibering of fique leaves, pineapple and stem of musaceae plants, according to claim 7, where the opposite direction between blades, both of the tabletop (3) and of the rotating blade system (1), generates the fine defibering that is proposed.

9. A machine for fine defibering of fique leaves, pineapple and stem of musaceae plants, according to any of the claims, wherein the diameter of the cylinder (102) of the rotating blade system (1) allows it to contain between 10 and 15 blades (101), which is arranged in a measurement between 20 and 26 centimeters.

10. A machine for fine defibering of fique leaves, pineapple and stem of musaceae plants, according to any of the claims, wherein the blades (101) of the rotating blade system (1) have a protective cover (105) with 180° opening, which rests on the protective hand bridge (7) secured with screws.

11. A machine for fine defibering of fique leaves, pineapple and stem of musaceous plants, according to claim 2, wherein the motor (104) allows the rotary movement of the rotary blade system (1) with up to 2000 RPM, through the intervention of belts and pulleys with a change in size between the motor (104) and the cylinder shaft (106).

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