Hydrogen transfer pipe having excellent high-pressure resistance and bending characteristics

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydrogen transfer pipe having excellent high-pressure resistance and bending characteristics. Specifically, the present invention relates to a hydrogen transfer pipe having excellent high-pressure characteristics that does not expand or deform due to the high pressure of hydrogen being transferred, satisfies bending characteristics required for long-distance hydrogen transfer, and can reduce installation costs.

Description

Hydrogen transport pipe with excellent high pressure and bending characteristics

[0001] The present invention relates to a hydrogen transport pipe with excellent high-pressure resistance and bending characteristics. Specifically, the present invention relates to a hydrogen transport pipe with excellent high-pressure resistance that does not expand or deform under the high pressure of the transported hydrogen, satisfies the bending characteristics required for long-distance hydrogen transport, and reduces installation costs.

[0002] Recently, due to environmental issues, there has been a growing demand for the use of hydrogen energy instead of petroleum energy. To facilitate the use of hydrogen, hydrogen charging stations and storage facilities are being installed in remote areas or cities, and methods for transporting hydrogen to these locations are required.

[0003] Previously, trailers were mostly used for long-distance transport of hydrogen, making it difficult to stably supply large quantities of hydrogen. In some cases, metal hydrogen transport pipes are being used based on hydrogen production bases, but the installation difficulty is very high, and due to the nature of metal pipes, they cannot be wound around bobbins, etc., so only short, straight pipes of less than 10 m can be transported. Therefore, there is a problem of high installation costs, such as having to connect them every 10 m on site.

[0004] Meanwhile, carbon steel is generally used as a metal pipe material for transporting city gas, etc., but when transporting hydrogen, hydrogen embrittlement, a phenomenon in which hydrogen molecules penetrate into the metal structure and gradually diffuse, lowering the ductility or tensile strength of the metal, may occur.

[0005] Furthermore, stainless steel, a material with superior hydrogen permeation barrier properties, can be considered for hydrogen transport piping to avoid or minimize hydrogen embrittlement. However, this increases the cost of piping materials. Furthermore, piping made of polymers or aluminum is being developed. However, these piping systems fail to meet all the requirements for long-distance hydrogen transport, such as a pressure resistance of 40 bar, a hydrogen permeation barrier comparable to stainless steel, and a minimum bend radius for winding onto a bobbin.

[0006] Accordingly, there is an urgent need for a hydrogen transport pipe that has excellent high-pressure characteristics that do not expand or deform under the high pressure of the transported hydrogen, satisfies the bending characteristics required for long-distance hydrogen transport, and can reduce installation costs.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen transport pipe that has excellent high-pressure characteristics that do not expand or deform under the high pressure of the transported hydrogen, satisfies bending characteristics required for long-distance hydrogen transport, and can reduce installation costs.

[0008] In order to solve the above problem, the present invention,

[0009] A hydrogen transport pipe is provided, comprising: a tube-shaped liner having a hydrogen transport path formed therein; at least one lower reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the liner; and at least one upper reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the lower reinforcing layer, wherein the lower reinforcing layer is formed by transverse winding of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape in which a plurality of reinforcing fibers are arranged in a tape-shaped polymer resin, the plurality of reinforcing fibers extending along the length direction of the tape and being arranged while being spread out in the width direction of the tape, and the upper reinforcing layer is formed by transverse winding of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape in which a plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns are arranged in a tape-shaped polymer resin, the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns extending along the length direction of the tape and being arranged at intervals from each other in the width direction of the tape, and the reinforcing fiber yarns are formed by twisting and joining a plurality of reinforcing fibers.

[0010] Here, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that an average spacing between a plurality of reinforcing fibers of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer is shorter than an average spacing between a plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer, the average spacing between the plurality of reinforcing fibers is an average value of horizontal distances between adjacent reinforcing fibers, and the average spacing between the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns is an average value of horizontal distances between adjacent reinforcing fiber yarns.

[0011] And, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the thickness of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer is smaller than the thickness of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer.

[0012] In addition, a plurality of reinforcing fibers in the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer may include one or more reinforcing fiber bundles in which two or more strands of reinforcing fibers are assembled, that is, are not separated and are clumped together, and a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the height of each reinforcing fiber or reinforcing fiber bundle is 0.3 mm or less.

[0013] Furthermore, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the height of each of a plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns in the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer is 0.5 mm or more.

[0014] Meanwhile, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that each of the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns has a circularity defined by the following mathematical formula 1 of 0.5 or more in an arbitrary cross-section.

[0015] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0016] Jinwondo = short / long axis

[0017] In addition, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the area ratio of voids, which are empty spaces not filled with a polymer resin, is 50% or more based on the total cross-sectional area of ​​the space between the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns in each arbitrary cross-section of the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns.

[0018] Meanwhile, the upper reinforcing layer includes a first upper reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the lower reinforcing layer and a second upper reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the first upper reinforcing layer, and the transverse winding directions of the fiber-reinforced polymer tapes forming each of the first upper reinforcing layer and the second upper reinforcing layer are different, and a hydrogen transport pipe is provided.

[0019] In addition, the lower reinforcing layer includes a first lower reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the liner and a second lower reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the first lower reinforcing layer, and the transverse winding directions of the fiber-reinforced polymer tapes forming each of the first lower reinforcing layer and the second lower reinforcing layer are different, and a hydrogen transport pipe is provided.

[0020] And, based on the total weight of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the total weight of the reinforcing fiber and the reinforcing fiber yarn is 30 to 90 wt%.

[0021] Furthermore, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the reinforcing fiber yarn has a tex of 440 to 16,000.

[0022] In addition, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the transverse winding angle of the lower reinforcing layer is greater than the transverse winding angle of the upper reinforcing layer.

[0023] And, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the transverse angle of the lower reinforcing layer is 60° or more and less than 90°.

[0024] Meanwhile, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the transverse angle of the upper reinforcing layer is 45° or more and less than 90°.

[0025] In addition, the above polymer resin is provided as a hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that it includes at least one selected from the group consisting of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), fluorocarbon rubber (FKM), silicone rubber, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), and polyamide (PA11, PA12).

[0026] And, the present invention provides a hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the reinforcing fiber includes at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, metal fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, nylon fiber, and basalt fiber.

[0027] Here, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the reinforcing fiber of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer includes glass fiber, and the reinforcing fiber of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer includes aramid fiber.

[0028] Meanwhile, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the liner is made of a polymer material and additionally includes a hydrogen barrier layer between the liner and the lower reinforcing layer.

[0029] In addition, a hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that it additionally includes a jacket formed on the outside of the upper reinforcing layer.

[0030] Meanwhile, as a hydrogen transport pipe, a tube-shaped liner having a hydrogen transport path formed therein; at least one lower reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the liner; And at least one upper reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the lower reinforcing layer, wherein the lower reinforcing layer is formed by a transverse winding of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape in which a plurality of reinforcing fibers are arranged in a tape-shaped polymer resin, the plurality of reinforcing fibers extending along the length direction of the tape and arranged in the width direction of the tape, the upper reinforcing layer is formed by a transverse winding of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape in which a plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns are arranged in a tape-shaped polymer resin, the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns extending along the length direction of the tape and arranged at intervals from each other in the width direction of the tape, the reinforcing fiber yarns being a plurality of reinforcing fibers twisted and joined, and an average distance between the plurality of reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer is shorter than an average distance between the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer, and the average distance between the plurality of reinforcing fibers is an average value of horizontal distances between adjacent reinforcing fibers, and the plurality A hydrogen transport pipe is provided, characterized in that the average distance between reinforcing fiber yarns is the average value of the horizontal distances between adjacent reinforcing fiber yarns.

[0031] The hydrogen transport pipe according to the present invention satisfies high pressure characteristics of 40 bar or more and sufficient bending characteristics through a reinforcing layer of new material and structure, and exhibits an excellent effect of reducing installation costs.

[0032] FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the structure of one embodiment of a hydrogen transport pipe according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 schematically illustrates the structure of another embodiment of a hydrogen transport pipe according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 schematically illustrates the structure of another embodiment of a hydrogen transport pipe according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 schematically illustrates the configuration of the tapes forming each of the lower and upper reinforcing layers illustrated in Figure 1.

[0036] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of measuring the average spacing between reinforcing fiber and compensating fiber yarns in the cross-section of the tape forming each of the lower and upper reinforcing layers illustrated in FIG. 4.

[0037] Figure 6 schematically illustrates the appearance of a tape forming a lower reinforcing layer of the hydrogen transport pipe illustrated in Figure 1 being rolled horizontally.

[0038] Figure 7 is a drawing showing the transverse winding angle of the tape forming each of the lower and upper reinforcing layers illustrated in Figure 3.

[0039] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be embodied in other forms. Rather, the embodiments introduced herein are provided to ensure that the disclosure is thorough and complete, and to sufficiently convey the spirit of the present invention to those skilled in the art. Like reference numbers designate like elements throughout the specification.

[0040] Figures 1 to 3 schematically illustrate the structure of embodiments of hydrogen transport piping according to the present invention.

[0041] As illustrated in FIG. 1, a hydrogen transport pipe according to the present invention may include a liner (100) which is a tube-shaped pipe body having a hydrogen transport path formed therein, a hydrogen barrier layer (150) formed on the outside of the liner (100), a lower reinforcing layer (200) formed on the outside of the hydrogen barrier layer (150), an upper reinforcing layer (300) formed on the outside of the lower reinforcing layer (200), a jacket (400) formed on the outside of the upper reinforcing layer (300), etc.

[0042] In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the upper reinforcing layer (300) may include a first upper reinforcing layer (310) that surrounds the lower reinforcing layer (200) and a second upper reinforcing layer (320) that surrounds the first upper reinforcing layer (310), and as illustrated in FIG. 3, the lower reinforcing layer (200) may include a first lower reinforcing layer (210) that surrounds the hydrogen barrier layer (150) and a second lower reinforcing layer (220) that surrounds the first lower reinforcing layer (210).

[0043] Here, the lower reinforcing layer (200) performs a function of uniformly distributing the pressure applied to the liner (100) and transmitting it to the upper reinforcing layer (300), and the upper reinforcing layer (300) can perform a function of improving strength and bending characteristics.

[0044] The above liner (100) may be formed in a tube shape in which a path for transporting hydrogen is formed inside, and may be formed of a metal material such as carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, etc., but is not particularly limited thereto, or a plastic material such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), polypropylene (PP), ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), fluorocarbon rubber (FKM), silicone rubber, polyamide (PA11, PA12, PA6, PA66), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyketone, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), etc.

[0045] In addition, when the liner (100) is made of a plastic material, a hydrogen barrier layer (150) may be additionally formed on the outside of the liner (100). The hydrogen barrier layer (150) has a hydrogen permeability coefficient of 5 cm at 25°C and 1.5 bar. 3 ·cm / (m 2 ·24 hr·atm) or less, for example, a single layer or multiple layers made of a polymer material such as ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) or a metal material such as aluminum or copper.

[0046] Here, the hydrogen permeability of all layers included in the hydrogen barrier layer (150) is 5 cm 3 ·cm / (m 2 ·24 hr·atm) exceeds, the hydrogen blocking performance for long-distance hydrogen transport cannot be satisfied, or in order to satisfy the hydrogen blocking performance, the pipe thickness increases, which reduces the flexibility and bendability of the pipe.

[0047] In addition, the hydrogen barrier layer (150) may have different thicknesses and number of laminated layers depending on the material that constitutes it, and the thickness may be, for example, 0.01 to 2 mm, preferably 0.01 to 1 mm when made of a metal material, and 0.1 to 2 mm when made of a polymer resin material.

[0048] Furthermore, when the hydrogen barrier layer (150) is made of a metal material such as aluminum or copper, the metal material may be applied in the form of a foil or tape.

[0049] Meanwhile, in the case of metal foil or tape, it can be rolled so that the width of the overlapping portion is 1 mm or more, preferably 10 mm or more. However, if the width of the overlapping portion is less than 1 mm, it is difficult to secure sufficient adhesive force between the foil or tape, resulting in a deterioration in hydrogen barrier performance. On the other hand, the larger the width of the overlapping portion, the better the adhesive force and hydrogen barrier performance between the foil or tape. However, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost increases due to excessive use of materials. Specifically, the adhesive force of the overlapping portion in the metal foil or tape is suitably 0.5 kgf or more, preferably 1 kgf or more. If the adhesive force is less than 0.5 kgf, a problem of the overlapping portion coming off may occur when bending.

[0050] In addition, the hydrogen barrier layer (150) is preferably made of a polymer resin such as EVOH and has a tensile strength of 10 MPa or more, and in the case of a metal material, a tensile strength of 30 MPa or more is suitable. In addition, the elongation of the hydrogen barrier layer (150) is preferably 3% or more. Here, if the elongation of the hydrogen barrier layer (150) made of the metal material is less than 3%, problems such as cracks occurring or breakage due to elongation caused by bending may occur.

[0051] In addition, when the hydrogen barrier layer (150) is made of copper, if it contains a lot of oxygen, it reacts with hydrogen and becomes vulnerable to hydrogen embrittlement, so it is preferable to use oxygen-free copper.

[0052] The above hydrogen permeability can be calculated using the following mathematical formulas 1 and 2 based on data measured in accordance with standards ISO 2782-1 and ISO 15105-1.

[0053] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0054] P = GTR × d

[0055] [Equation 2]

[0056]

[0057] Figure 4 schematically illustrates the configuration of tapes forming each of the lower reinforcing layer and the upper reinforcing layer of the hydrogen transport pipe illustrated in Figure 1.

[0058] As illustrated in FIG. 4a, the lower reinforcing layer (200) may be formed of a fiber-reinforced composite material in which reinforcing fibers are spread out and arranged in the width direction of the tape within a polymer resin (201) in the shape of a tape, and as illustrated in FIG. 4b, the upper reinforcing layer (300) may be formed of a fiber-reinforced polymer composite material in which reinforcing fiber yarns (302) illustrated in FIG. 4c are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the tape within a polymer resin (301) in the shape of a tape, and for example, the fiber-reinforced polymer composite material may be a fiber-reinforced polymer tape, and the lower reinforcing layer (200) and the upper reinforcing layer (300) may be formed by transverse winding of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape.

[0059] In addition, preferably, heat is applied through a heat gun or the like during the transverse winding of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape, and after the transverse winding is completed, heat is applied through an IR heater or the like so that the polymer resin forming the fiber-reinforced polymer tape is partially melted, thereby allowing it to be firmly fused to the lower liner (100), hydrogen barrier layer (150), reinforcing layer (200, 300), etc.

[0060] Furthermore, the transverse winding of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape may preferably be performed as a wrap winding so as to overlap by 5% or less based on the width of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape, or may be performed as a gap winding so as to form a gap of 3 mm or less.

[0061] Here, if the overlap ratio in the above-mentioned lap winding exceeds 5%, not only may the appearance of the pipe become uneven, but also the bending characteristics of the hydrogen transport pipe may deteriorate, and if the gap in the above-mentioned gap winding exceeds 3 mm, the reinforcing characteristics of the reinforcing layer may be insufficient.

[0062] Here, the polymer resin forming the fiber-reinforced polymer composite material may include at least one polymer resin selected from the group consisting of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), fluorocarbon rubber (FKM), silicone rubber, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), polyamide (PA11, PA12), etc.

[0063] However, it is preferable that the melting index (MI) of the polymer resin (201) applied to the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer (200) is greater than the melting index (MI) of the polymer resin (301) applied to the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer (300).

[0064] In addition, the reinforcing fibers listed in the polymer resin (201) of the lower reinforcing layer (200) and the reinforcing fiber yarns (302) listed in the polymer resin (301) of the upper reinforcing layer (300) may each independently include at least one reinforcing fiber selected from the group consisting of carbon fibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers, metal fibers, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, nylon fibers, basalt fibers, etc., and may preferably include glass fibers or aramid fibers.

[0065] When the above fiber-reinforced polymer composite material is a fiber-reinforced polymer tape, the reinforcing fibers (202) and reinforcing fiber yarns (302) listed in the polymer resin (201, 301) can all extend in the same direction, and for example, a sufficient reinforcing effect can be achieved by extending in the longitudinal direction of the tape.

[0066] Specifically, the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer (200) can be manufactured by densely spreading a plurality of reinforcing fibers (202) in the width direction of the tape and arranging them in a tape-shaped polymer resin (201) in an extended state along the length direction of the tape, and therefore, adjacent reinforcing fibers (202) in the lower reinforcing layer (200) can be arranged at relatively denser intervals than the intervals between reinforcing fiber yarns (302) of the upper reinforcing layer (300).

[0067] In addition, the plurality of reinforcing fibers (202) are not intentionally twisted and joined together, but may exist in the form of a bundle that is not intentionally separated and is clumped together during the process of spreading in the width direction of the tape, i.e., may include one or more reinforcing fiber bundles in which two or more reinforcing fibers are gathered.

[0068] Meanwhile, the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer (300) can be manufactured by arranging a plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns (302) formed by twisting a plurality of reinforcing fibers (302a) together at intervals in the width direction of the tape and extending along the length direction of the tape within a polymer resin (301) in the shape of a tape, and adjacent reinforcing fiber yarns (302) can be arranged at intervals that are relatively wider than the intervals between reinforcing fibers (202) of the lower reinforcing layer (200).

[0069] Here, the reinforcing fiber yarn (302) is formed by twisting and combining a plurality of reinforcing fibers (302a), and the ovality (short axis / long axis) of each of the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns (302) may be about 0.5 or more, and the area ratio of voids, which are empty spaces not filled with the polymer resin (301) based on the total cross-sectional area of ​​the spaces between the reinforcing fibers in any cross-section of each of the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns (302), may be about 50% or more. Here, when the area ratio of the voids is less than 50%, the frictional force between the reinforcing fibers increases, which may deteriorate the flexibility of the pipe.

[0070] In addition, based on the total weight of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer (200), the total weight of the reinforcing fiber (202) may be 30 to 90 wt%. Here, if the total weight of the reinforcing fiber (202) is less than 30 wt%, the reinforcing performance of the lower reinforcing layer (200) may be insufficient, whereas if it is more than 90 wt%, the amount of the polymer resin (201) may be insufficient, resulting in insufficient fusion with the liner (100) or the hydrogen barrier layer (150).

[0071] In addition, the reinforcing fiber yarn (302) may have a tex of 440 to 16,000. Here, tex refers to the number of grams of reinforcing fiber yarn with a length of 1 km. If the tex of the reinforcing fiber yarn (302) is less than 440, flexibility is improved but strength may fall short of the standard, whereas if the tex of the reinforcing fiber yarn (302) exceeds 16,000, strength is improved but flexibility may fall short of the standard.

[0072] And, based on the total weight of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer (300), the total weight of the reinforcing fiber yarn (302) may be 30 to 90 wt%. Here, if the total weight of the reinforcing fiber yarn (302) is less than 30 wt%, the reinforcing performance of the second reinforcing layer (300) may be insufficient, whereas if it is more than 90 wt%, the amount of the polymer resin (301) may be insufficient, causing problems in tape formation or insufficient fusion with the lower reinforcing layer (200).

[0073] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of measuring the average spacing between reinforcing fibers (202) and reinforcing fiber yarns (302) in the cross-section of the tape forming each of the lower and upper reinforcing layers illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0074] As shown in FIG. 5a, the average spacing of reinforcing fibers (202) in the cross-section of the tape forming the lower reinforcing layer (200) can be calculated as the average value of the horizontal distances between adjacent reinforcing fibers, and as shown in FIG. 5b, the average spacing of reinforcing fiber yarns (302) in the cross-section of the tape forming the upper reinforcing layer (300) can be calculated as the average value of the horizontal distances between adjacent reinforcing fiber yarns (302).

[0075] Specifically, the average spacing of the reinforcing fibers (202) is a horizontal distance between adjacent reinforcing fibers, a1, a2, a3… a n The total sum can be calculated by dividing the total number of reinforcing fibers by 1, and the average spacing of the reinforcing fiber yarns (302) is the horizontal distance between adjacent reinforcing fiber yarns (302) as b1, b2, b3… b n The total sum can be calculated by dividing the total number of reinforcing fiber yarns (302) by 1.

[0076] Here, the average spacing of reinforcing fibers (202) in the cross-section of the tape forming the lower reinforcing layer (200) is designed to be shorter than the average spacing of reinforcing fiber yarns (302) in the cross-section of the tape forming the upper reinforcing layer (300), that is, the reinforcing fibers of the lower reinforcing layer (200) are densely arranged in the width direction of the tape, so that the lower reinforcing layer (200) can smoothly perform the function of uniformly distributing the pressure applied to the liner (100) and transmitting it to the upper reinforcing layer (300), and the upper reinforcing layer (300) can smoothly perform the function of improving strength and bending characteristics.

[0077] Furthermore, the thickness (t1) of the tape forming the lower reinforcing layer (200) may be smaller than the thickness (t2) of the tape forming the upper reinforcing layer (300), and the height (h1) of each reinforcing fiber or reinforcing fiber bundle in the tape forming the lower reinforcing layer (200) may be about 0.3 mm or less, and the height (h2) of each reinforcing fiber yarn (302) in the tape forming the upper reinforcing layer (300) may be about 0.5 mm or more, preferably about 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

[0078] Meanwhile, the jacket (400) may be made of a material having a melting point of 50°C or higher, preferably 70°C or higher, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene acetic acid (EEA), polyolefin elastomer (POE), thermoplastic polyethylene (TPE), etc.

[0079] Here, if the melting point of the jacket (400) is less than 50°C, the heat resistance may be low, which may cause the jacket (400) to deteriorate or lose its shape when used for a long period of time. In addition, the brittle temperature of the jacket (400) may be -5°C or lower, preferably -10°C or lower, thereby providing excellent cold resistance. Here, if the brittle temperature of the jacket (400) exceeds -5°C, cracks may occur in the jacket (400) in cold environments such as winter.

[0080] The above brittleness temperature can be measured by the following mathematical formula 3 in accordance with the standard ASTM D746.

[0081] [Equation 3]

[0082]

[0083] In the above mathematical expression 3, T b is the brittleness temperature, T his the highest temperature at which the specimen is destroyed during the cold resistance evaluation test, △T is the temperature change during the cold resistance evaluation test, and S is the sum of the percentages of samples destroyed at each test temperature.

[0084] Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating how a lower reinforcing layer is formed on a liner in Fig. 3, and Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a transverse winding angle of a tape forming each of the lower and upper reinforcing layers illustrated in Fig. 3.

[0085] As illustrated in FIG. 6, the lower reinforcing layer (200) may include a first lower reinforcing layer (210) that wraps the liner (100) or the hydrogen barrier layer (150) and a second lower reinforcing layer (220) that wraps the first lower reinforcing layer (210), and both the first and second lower reinforcing layers (210, 220) may be formed by transverse winding of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape, but the transverse winding directions of the fiber-reinforced polymer tapes forming each of the first and second lower reinforcing layers (210, 220) may be different from each other.

[0086] For example, when the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the first lower reinforcing layer (210) is wound in the S direction, the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the second lower reinforcing layer (220) is wound in the Z direction, and when the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the first lower reinforcing layer (210) is wound in the Z direction, the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the second lower reinforcing layer (220) is wound in the S direction.

[0087] In addition, the transverse winding angle (θ1) of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer (200), i.e., the angle at which the fiber-reinforced polymer tape is inclined with respect to the central axis of the hydrogen transport pipe, may be 60° or more and less than 90°. Here, when the transverse winding angle (θ1) is less than 60°, the reinforcing characteristics of the lower reinforcing layer (200) may be insufficient.

[0088] The bending characteristics of the hydrogen transport pipe can be improved by applying different transverse winding directions of the fiber-reinforced polymer tapes forming each of the first and second lower reinforcing layers (210, 220).

[0089] Additionally, the transverse winding directions of the fiber-reinforced polymer tapes forming each of the first and second upper reinforcing layers (310, 320) are different from each other. As a result, the bending characteristics of the hydrogen transport pipe can be improved.

[0090] For example, when the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the first upper reinforcing layer (310) is wound in the S direction, the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the second upper reinforcing layer (320) is wound in the Z direction, and when the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the first upper reinforcing layer (310) is wound in the Z direction, the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the second upper reinforcing layer (320) is wound in the S direction.

[0091] In addition, the transverse winding angle (θ2) of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer (300), i.e., the angle at which the fiber-reinforced polymer tape is inclined with respect to the central axis of the hydrogen transport pipe, may be 45° or more and less than 90°. Here, when the transverse winding angle (θ2) is less than 45°, the reinforcing characteristics of the upper reinforcing layer (300) may be insufficient.

[0092] The hydrogen transport pipe according to the present invention can achieve high pressure characteristics of 40 bar or more and sufficient bending characteristics through the combination of the upper and lower reinforcing layers described above, and furthermore, installation costs can be reduced.

[0093] While this specification has described preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims below. Therefore, any modified implementation that fundamentally includes the elements of the claims should be considered within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. As a hydrogen transport pipe, A tube-shaped liner having a hydrogen transport path formed inside; At least one lower reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the liner; and Comprising at least one layer of upper reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the lower reinforcing layer, The above lower reinforcing layer is formed by a transverse winding of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape in which a plurality of reinforcing fibers are arranged within a polymer resin in the shape of a tape, and the plurality of reinforcing fibers extend along the length direction of the tape and are arranged in a spread manner in the width direction of the tape. The upper reinforcing layer is formed by a transverse winding of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape in which a plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns are arranged within a polymer resin in a tape shape, and the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns extend along the length direction of the tape and are arranged at intervals from each other in the width direction of the tape. The above reinforcing fiber yarn is a hydrogen transport pipe in which a plurality of reinforcing fibers are twisted and combined.

2. In paragraph 1, The average spacing between the plurality of reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer is shorter than the average spacing between the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer, A hydrogen transport pipe characterized in that the average spacing between the plurality of reinforcing fibers is an average value of horizontal distances between adjacent reinforcing fibers, and the average spacing between the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns is an average value of horizontal distances between adjacent reinforcing fiber yarns.

3. In paragraph 1, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the thickness of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer is smaller than the thickness of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer.

4. In paragraph 1, In the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer, the plurality of reinforcing fibers may include one or more reinforcing fiber bundles in which two or more reinforcing fiber strands are assembled, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the height of each of the reinforcing fibers or reinforcing fiber bundles is 0.3 mm or less.

5. In paragraph 4, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the height of each of the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns in the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer is 0.5 mm or more.

6. In paragraph 1, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that each of the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns has a circularity defined by the following mathematical formula 1 of 0.5 or more in an arbitrary cross-section. [Mathematical Formula 1] Jinwondo = short / long axis 7. In paragraph 1, A hydrogen transport pipe characterized in that the area ratio of voids, which are empty spaces not filled with a polymer resin, is 50% or more based on the total cross-sectional area of ​​the space between the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns in each arbitrary cross-section of the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns.

8. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, The upper reinforcing layer includes a first upper reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the lower reinforcing layer and a second upper reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the first upper reinforcing layer, A hydrogen transport pipe characterized in that the transverse winding directions of the fiber-reinforced polymer tapes forming each of the first upper reinforcing layer and the second upper reinforcing layer are different.

9. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, The lower reinforcing layer includes a first lower reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the liner and a second lower reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the first lower reinforcing layer, A hydrogen transport pipe characterized in that the transverse winding directions of the fiber-reinforced polymer tapes forming each of the first lower reinforcing layer and the second lower reinforcing layer are different.

10. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the total weight of the reinforcing fiber and the reinforcing fiber yarn is 30 to 90 wt% based on the total weight of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape.

11. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the above reinforcing fiber yarn has a tex of 440 to 16,000.

12. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the transverse winding angle of the lower reinforcing layer is greater than the transverse winding angle of the upper reinforcing layer.

13. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, A hydrogen transport pipe characterized in that the transverse angle of the lower reinforcing layer is 60° or more and less than 90°.

14. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, A hydrogen transport pipe characterized in that the transverse angle of the upper reinforcing layer is 45° or more and less than 90°.

15. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the polymer resin comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), fluorocarbon rubber (FKM), silicone rubber, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), and polyamide (PA11, PA12).

16. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the reinforcing fiber comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, metal fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, nylon fiber, and basalt fiber.

17. In paragraph 16, The reinforcing fiber of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer includes glass fiber, A hydrogen transport pipe, characterized in that the reinforcing fiber of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer includes an aramid fiber.

18. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, The above liner is made of a polymer material, A hydrogen transport pipe characterized in that it additionally includes a hydrogen barrier layer between the liner and the lower reinforcing layer.

19. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 7, A hydrogen transport pipe characterized by additionally including a jacket formed on the outside of the upper reinforcement layer.

20. As a hydrogen transport pipe, A tube-shaped liner having a hydrogen transport path formed inside; At least one lower reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the liner; and Comprising at least one layer of upper reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the lower reinforcing layer, The above lower reinforcing layer is formed by a transverse winding of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape in which a plurality of reinforcing fibers are arranged within a polymer resin in the shape of a tape, wherein the plurality of reinforcing fibers extend along the longitudinal direction of the tape and are arranged in the width direction of the tape, The upper reinforcing layer is formed by a transverse winding of a fiber-reinforced polymer tape in which a plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns are arranged within a polymer resin in a tape shape, and the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns extend along the length direction of the tape and are arranged at intervals from each other in the width direction of the tape. The above reinforcing fiber yarn is made by twisting and combining multiple reinforcing fibers. The average spacing between the plurality of reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the lower reinforcing layer is shorter than the average spacing between the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns of the fiber-reinforced polymer tape forming the upper reinforcing layer, A hydrogen transport pipe characterized in that the average spacing between the plurality of reinforcing fibers is an average value of horizontal distances between adjacent reinforcing fibers, and the average spacing between the plurality of reinforcing fiber yarns is an average value of horizontal distances between adjacent reinforcing fiber yarns.

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