Reclosable closure with mechanical engagement features

Abstract

A closure (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700) comprising: a first member (102. 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 610, 614) having a first longitudinal axis, a second member (104, 204, 304, 404, 504, 604, 612, 616) having a second longitudinal axis, and an actuator (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 624, 702), said actuator mechanism being coupled (108, 110, 208, 210) to respective first ends of said first and second members; said first member having a first plurality of magnets (124, 134, 224, 234, 257, 344, 346, 348, 618) with respective magnetic polarities (126, 136, 226, 236, 370) and respective magnetic axes (128, 138, 228, 238) disposed generally transverse to said first longitudinal axis, said respective magnetic polarities being disposed in alternating fashion along said first longitudinal axis; said second member having a second plurality of magnets (150, 250, 251, 352, 354, 356) with respective magnetic polarities (152, 252, 253, 372, 376) and respective magnetic axes (128, 138, 228, 238) disposed generally transverse to said second longitudinal axis, said respective magnetic polarities being disposed in alternating fashion along said second longitudinal axis; said actuator including a body and a third member (108, 208) being coupled to said body and to said first member so as, when under an actuating force, to urge said first member from a first position into a second position whereby said respective polarities of said first and second pluralities of magnets transition from respective states of mutual attraction to mutual opposition (255); a first interlock portion (161, 261, 308, 310, 312, 314, 408, 410, 412, 414, 508, 510, 606) being coupled (164) to said first member; and a second interlock portion (162, 262, 316, 318, 320, 322, 416, 418, 420, 422, 512, 514, 516, 608) being coupled (166) to said second member, said first and second interlock portions being adapted to mechanically engage with one another so as to substantially fixedly couple said first member to said second member, and to mechanically disengage from one another as said first and second pluralities of magnets transition from respective states of mutual attraction to mutual opposition.

Description

Reclosable Closure with Mechanical Engagement Features

[0000] The present application claims the benefit of United States provisional patent application 63 / 569,289 filed on March 25, 2024 and is a Continuation-in-Part of United States patent application number <...> , having a filing date of<...> , which is a Continuation-in-Part of PCT patent application PCT / US2023 / 010823, filed on January 13, 2023, which claims the benefit of United States provisional patent applications: 63 / 299367 filed January 13, 2022, 63 / 299373 filed January 13, 2022, and 63 / 433671 filed December 19, 2022, the disclosures of all of which are herewith incorporated by reference in their entireties.Field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to methods, systems and apparatus for securing closure of an aperture in a substrate and, more particularly, to closure devices for clothing, shoes, and other systems having a physical aperture.Summary

[0002] The ability to temporarily close an aperture has a wide variety of applications in a wide variety of human undertakings. For example, being able to close a garment for purposes of modesty, keeping out weather, and maintaining warmth, makes a garment substantially more effective.

[0003] A variety of mechanisms and apparatus are available for effecting such closure. For example, zippers, buttons, hooks, snaps and integrated hook and loop fasteners (e.g., Velcro ®) have all been employed regularly in closing apertures in human clothing.

[0004] For many users, however, operation of such closure mechanisms can be problematic. Generally, these devices require positioning of a wearer's hands in proximity to the aperture, and often over the entire expanse of the aperture, in order to effectively operate the closure mechanism.

[0005] While some individuals find this poses no problem, for many others, limited range of motion, motor control, and other issues, can make operation of these mechanisms difficult. For example, people affected by pregnancy, obesity, injury, paralysis, age and other disabilities will find the operation of conventional closure such as buttons and zippers, Velcro® and button loops very difficult.

[0006] Awareness of these difficulties among the affected populations, and those in regular contact with them, has led to a variety of undertakings that have attempted to solve this problem. Notwithstanding long public awareness of the problem, and repeated efforts to solve it, none of those efforts have been effective to the point where they have elicited mass adoption.

[0007] There remains a need to have a temporary and reclosable closure for a wide variety of garments and other applications that offers ease of operation and, in particular, operation of a location more or less remote (depending on the application, and relative to the size and character of the aperture to be closed) from the aperture to be closed.

[0008] Having considered the foregoing, the inventor of the present invention has arrived at solutions and inventions providing novel responses to the problems discussed. Many of these solutions relate to the field of adaptive fashion, that is garments and footwear of various descriptions including, without limitation, innerware and outerwear, pants, shirts, blouses, skirts and dresses, hosiery, underwear, jumpsuits, capes, shoes, slippers and boots, mittens, gloves, protective sleeves, gators, hats, scarves, neck warmers and neck protectors that are readily employed without assistance, or with minimal assistance, by those of limited physical and / or mental capacity. Many other fields are adapted to benefit from the inventions described below, however. In reviewing the various aspects, embodiments and characterizations of the invention, one of skill in the art will understand that these various fields will include, for example and without limitation, storage containers such as special-purpose and / or general-purposestorage chests, such as refrigerators, freezers, vacuum dewars, shipping boxes, shipping crates, storage totes, aircraft unit load devices; laboratory apparatus including fume hoods, dewar insulating blankets, centrifuge covers, incubator covers, blast shields, instrument covers, and animal enclosures; vehicles and vehicle apparatus such as convertible tops, doors, hoods, trunks, box truck bodies, trailer bodies, shipping containers, vehicle internal dividers including vehicle curtains such as, for example, aircraft cabin curtains, ship cabin curtains, engine covers, cargo covers, maritime hatches and other maritime apparatus, vehicle storage covers and vehicle decorative and functional apparatus such as hubcaps, air filter enclosures, seat covers, carpeting and roof liners; spacecraft related apparatus including heat shields, dust and detritus exclusion covers, parachute chamber covers, spacecraft hatches; spacesuits, spacecraft sleeping apparatus, spacecraft or aircraft or maritime cowling structures and / or other aerodynamic or non-aerodynamic structures and covers, storage unit enclosures, sleeping enclosures, shower enclosures, exercise apparatus retention devices, camera covers, and window covers; architectural and decorative apparatus of a functional and / or decorative nature including, for example, furniture dust covers, room dividers, curtains, blinds and shades, awnings, parasols and umbrellas, swimming pool covers, window apparatus; maintenance related apparatus including temporary dust curtains, drop cloths, tool storage boxes and totes, machine-tool covers, roll-up and other tool caddies; luggage and bag related apparatus including, for example, suitcases, backpacks, purses, satchels, duffel bags, briefcases and attache cases, hotel and other luggage carts, dollies, and hand trucks; camping apparatus including tents, recreational vehicles, sleeping bags, kit bags, totes for cooking gear; athletic pads, athletic clothing, and specialized athletic footwear; facilities apparatus including manhole curtains, electrical cabinet curtains including flash-guard curtains; air control curtains including loading dock curtains, doorway curtains, walk-in freezer curtains, garage door curtains; industrial apparatus including dust and spray control curtains, welding curtains and other light and fire control curtains, machine covers, machine tool enclosures, dustcollector enclosures, dust collector bags, filter retention screens, flocking collection dams, cable and hose control wraps, robot joint covers; gardening, landscaping and agricultural apparatus including thermal blankets and greenhouse shades, hydroponics curtains, crop shields, tractor cabins; theater and cinema apparatus including theater sets, theater curtains, theater patron access control items; animal enclosures; electronics and clean room control apparatus including clean room partitions and airlock partitions; and anywhere a zipper, hook and loop fastener, or other electrostatic or magnetic closure has been employed and / or might be employed to good effect. Again, the foregoing listing is intended to be merely exemplary and not exclusive.

[0009] In certain embodiments of the invention, the closure device will include a first structural member with a first longitudinal axis, a second structural member with a second longitudinal axis, and an actuator mechanism. In some embodiments, the actuator mechanism is coupled to respective first ends of the first and second structural members.

[0010] In certain embodiments, the first structural member has a first plurality of magnets or magnetic regions, where the first plurality of magnets or magnetic regions have respective magnetic polarities and respective magnetic axes disposed generally transverse to the first longitudinal axis. In certain embodiments of the invention, the respective magnetic polarities of the first structural member are disposed in alternating fashion along the first longitudinal axis.

[0011] Similarly, the second structural member has a second plurality of magnets or magnetic regions, where the second plurality of magnets or magnetic regions have respective magnetic polarities and respective magnetic axes disposed generally transverse to the second longitudinal axis. In certain embodiments of the invention, the respective magnetic polarities of the second structural member are disposed in alternating fashion along the second longitudinal axis.

[0012] The actuator mechanism includes a body and a third structural member. The third structural member is coupled to the body and to the first structural member so as, when under an actuating force, to urge the first structural member from a first spatial position into a second spatial position whereby the respective polarities of the first and second pluralities of magnets transition from respective states of mutual attraction to mutual opposition.

[0013] In certain embodiments of the invention, the closure device will include a first interlock portion, where the first interlock portion is coupled to the first structural member and a second interlock portion with the second interlock portion being coupled to the second structural member. As will become apparent upon review of the following disclosure, the first and second interlock portions are arranged and adapted to mechanically engage with one another when the closure is placed in its "closed" configuration. This mechanical engagement serves to couple, or enhance the coupling, of the first structural member to the second structural member. Similarly, when the closure is placed in the "open" configuration the interlock portions mechanically disengage from one another as the first and second pluralities of magnets transition from respective states of mutual attraction to mutual opposition.

[0014] In some embodiments, a third structural member is coupled to the body of the actuator, and to the first structural member, so as to translate the first structural member from the first spatial position into the second spatial position in a direction generally parallel to the first longitudinal axis.

[0015] In some embodiments, the third structural member is coupled to the body of the actuator and to the first structural member so as to rotate the first structural member from a first spatial position into a second spatial position in a generally rotational motion around the first longitudinal axis.

[0016] In certain embodiments the first plurality of magnets includes a plurality of discrete magnets disposed within a discrete structural support member. In other embodiments, the first plurality of magnets includes a plurality of magnetized regions magnetized within an integral structural support member. In certain embodiments, the magnetized regions are formed (i.e., magnetized into a bulk material) during or after preparation of the structural support member. Certain embodiments of the invention include combinations of the foregoing.

[0017] In certain embodiments of the invention, the first plurality of magnets includes a plurality of discrete magnets coupled to one another in order to form the first structural member. That is, the bodies of multiple magnetic elements form a structural part of the structural member. In certain further embodiments of the invention, certain separators are disposed respectively between respective pairs of the plurality of discrete magnets or magnetic elements. In certain exemplary embodiments of the invention, certain of the plurality of separators include at least one elastomeric polymer material.

[0018] In certain embodiments prepared according to principles of the invention, at least one of the plurality of separators includes at least one molded-in-place elastomeric polymer material. Thus, elastomeric separator precursor material is disposed between the magnetic elements and cured, by thermal (e.g., cooling) or chemical reaction, to form the desired elastomeric material.

[0019] There are also embodiments of the invention in which at least one of the plurality of separators includes a universal joint. Moreover, in certain embodiments of the invention, at least one of the plurality of separators includes a generally helical coupling. In still other embodiments of the invention, at least one of the plurality of separators comprises an orienting ball joint. In such inventive embodiments, there will be at least one embodiment in which at least one of the plurality of separators includes an orienting flange. By orienting, it is to be understood that the device, inoperation, moves respective components into a desirable orientation with respect to one another.

[0020] In some embodiments of the invention, the plurality of separators will include any combination including optionally one or more separators including an elastomeric polymer material, one or more separators including a molded-in-place elastomeric polymer material, one or more separators including a universal joint, one or more separators including a generally helical coupling, one or more separators including an orienting ball joint, and one or more separators including an orienting flange.

[0021] There will also be embodiments of the invention where the actuator mechanism includes an input pedal and an input shaft, and the input shaft is operatively coupled between the input pedal and the third structural member. In such an embodiment, an external force applied to a surface region of the input pedal is coupled through the input shaft to the third structural member so as to apply the actuating force to the third structural member. In certain embodiments of the invention, the input shaft will include a flexible input shaft portion. In certain embodiments of the invention, the input shaft will operate in tension. In certain embodiments of the invention, the input shaft will constitute a flexible tensile member such as, for example and without limitation, a metallic cable.

[0022] Additional embodiments of the invention will include an embodiment wherein the third structural member includes a linear link. Also included are certain embodiments of the invention in which the third structural member includes a pivotal link.

[0023] In another embodiment of the invention, the third structural member includes a pinion gear. The pinion gear operates to shift a spatial location of at least one of the first two structural members. Also, certain embodiments of the invention will include a closure where the third structural member includes a bell crank. Ofcourse, combinations of any of the foregoing are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0024] In certain aspects, the invention also includes a method of operating a magnetic closure. The method includes providing a first plurality of permanent magnets of alternating polarity, where the first plurality of permanent magnets is substantially coupled to a first portion of a material disposed adjacent a first side of an aperture. The method also includes providing a second plurality of permanent magnets of alternating polarity, where the second plurality of permanent magnets is substantially coupled to a second portion of the material disposed adjacent a second side of the aperture. Disposing the first plurality of magnets in attractive relationship to the second plurality of magnets respectively causes the magnets to urge the first portion of the material towards the second portion of the material, and thereby urges the material around the aperture to be displaced and close the aperture.

[0025] Displacing at least one of the first and second pluralities of permanent magnets with respect to the other plurality of permanent magnets serves, conversely, to place the first and second pluralities of magnets in opposing relationship to one another. Accordingly, the magnets tend thereby to urge the first portion of the material away from the second portion of the material, and thereby to open the aperture.

[0026] It will be appreciated by one of skill in the art that the material in which the aperture is found may include a woven textile material, a felted textile material, a natural textile material, a synthetic textile material, a natural or synthetic polymer sheet material, a leather material or any other substrate that the present disclosure will suggest as an application of the present closure device to a user of skill in the art.

[0027] Moreover, the user of skill in the art will appreciate that any and all combinations of the foregoing and of other substrates are intended to fall within thepresent disclosure, and that the uses of such substrates will include, for example, garments, footwear, room dividers, refrigerator closures and other more or less sealed containers, vehicular applications, and any and all of a wide variety of applications that will become apparent over time.

[0028] The user of skill in the art will appreciate that the method will include, in certain embodiments, spatially displacing at least one of the first and second pluralities of magnets where that displacement includes translating at least one of the first and second pluralities of magnets along a line or line segment.

[0029] In still other embodiments of the invention, the method will include spatially displacing at least one of the first and second pluralities of magnets by translating at least one of the first and second pluralities of magnets along a curve.

[0030] In still further embodiments of the method of the invention, spatially displacing at least one of the first and second pluralities of magnets will include rotating at least one of the first and second pluralities of magnets about a longitudinal axis of the respective plurality of magnets. In still further embodiments of the method of the invention, spatially displacing at least one of the first and second pluralities of magnets will include rotating at least one of the first and second pluralities of magnets about a longitudinal axis of the other plurality of magnets.

[0031] In yet another embodiment, the invention includes a closure device having a first structural member with a first longitudinal axis, a second structural member with a second longitudinal axis, and an actuator mechanism. The actuator mechanism is coupled to respective first ends of the first and second structural members.

[0032] In an additional embodiment, the first structural member has a first plurality of magnets, and the first plurality of magnets have respective magnetic polarities and respective magnetic axes disposed generally transverse to the firstlongitudinal axis. In certain embodiments, the respective magnetic polarities are disposed in alternating fashion along the first longitudinal axis.

[0033] Similarly, the second structural member has a second plurality of magnets. The second plurality of magnets have respective magnetic polarities and respective magnetic axes disposed generally transverse to the second longitudinal axis. The respective magnetic polarities are disposed in alternating fashion along the second longitudinal axis.

[0034] The actuator mechanism includes a body and a third structural member, where the third structural member is coupled to the body and to the first structural member so as, when under an actuating force, to urge the first structural member from a first spatial position into a second spatial position. This change of position causes the respective polarities of the first and second pluralities of magnets to transition from respective states of mutual attraction to mutual opposition. In certain of these embodiments, the first and second longitudinal axes define a plane therebetween, and at least one of the first structural member and the second structural member includes at least one flexible element. This flexible element allows the first and / or second flexible member to flex preferentially in a direction of the plane.

[0035] In certain embodiments of the invention, the flexible element will include one or more living hinges. In certain embodiments of the invention, the flexible element will include a slot feature of the respective structural member. In certain embodiments of the invention, the slot feature is disposed between two or more adjacent magnets of the respective plurality of magnets.

[0036] In certain embodiments of the invention the slot feature of the at least one flexible element includes a generally triangular slot feature. In certain embodiments, the at least one flexible element includes a generally elliptical slot feature. In certainembodiments, the at least one flexible element includes a generally parabolic slot feature.

[0037] In still other embodiments of the invention, the at least one flexible element includes a spring member of the first structural member. The spring member is disposed between adjacent magnets of the first and second pluralities of magnets. In certain of these embodiments, the spring member includes a helical spring element. In other embodiments the spring member includes a generally planar spring element. In still other embodiments, the spring member includes an elastomeric polymer portion.

[0038] In light of the foregoing, one of skill in the art will appreciate that a substrate can include an aperture that can be opened and closed by a closure device. The closure device will, in certain embodiments, include a first structural member having a first array of regions of alternating magnetic polarity. The closure device will also include a second structural member that includes a second array of regions of alternating magnetic polarity. These components will be arranged so that the closure device is adapted to open and close the aperture.

[0039] To open and close the aperture, the regions of alternating magnetic polarity of the first and second array are shiftable with respect to one another into a magnetically attractive configuration whereby the aperture is forced closed; and so that to open the aperture the first and second array are shiftable with respect to one another into a magnetically repulsive configuration whereby the aperture is forced open.

[0040] In certain embodiments, the closure will include an actuator, wherein the actuator permits opening of the aperture in the substrate without contact by a user with the structural members of the closure device. In certain embodiments of the invention, the two structural members will be maintained in proximity to one another at one end of the closure device. When the closure device begins a transitionfrom open to close mode, the structural members are drawn successively towards one another during a transient phase, such that closure proceeds from one end of the closure device towards the other in a "zipping" fashion.

[0041] It will be appreciated by one of skill in the art that in various embodiments, the spatial shift of the magnetic apparatus is achieved by either a linear displacement of one or more of the structural members, or a rotary displacement of one or more of the structural members, or a combination of such motions.

[0042] It will also be appreciated by one of skill in the art that in certain embodiments, the magnetic fields determining magnetic polarity are the result of a permanent magnet. In other embodiments of the invention, the magnetic fields determining magnetic polarity will be the result of operation of an electromagnet device.

[0043] In certain aspects, the invention includes a closure having improved retention strength in a closed operational state and, in particular, improved transverse retention strength. In certain aspects and embodiments of the invention, retention strength is improved by the inclusion of a mechanical interlock apparatus that acts in concert with magnets and / or magnetic regions when the magnets and / or magnetic regions are disposed in a respective relatively attractive configuration. The characterization "relatively attractive configuration," is intended to be taken in reference to the degree of attraction experienced by the same or similar elements of the apparatus when disposed in a "relatively repulsive configuration."

[0044] In certain embodiments of the invention, the mechanical interlock apparatus will include one or more mechanical hooks adapted to engage with one or more receivers. In certain embodiments of the apparatus such a mechanical hook and receiver configuration will include two complementary mechanical hooks.

[0045] In certain embodiments of the invention, engagement and / or disengagement of the mechanical interlock apparatus will be motivated by anonmagnetic apparatus such as, for example, a spring or otherwise elastic device. In still other embodiments of the invention, engagement and / or disengagement of the mechanical interlock apparatus will be motivated by an active device such as, for example, a motor (such as, e.g., an electric motor), a solenoid, a shape memory alloy element, a synthetic or natural muscle tissue element, or other mechanical actuator device.

[0046] The figures and text below are provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the disclosed inventions and sets forth the best modes presently contemplated by the inventor for carrying out his inventions. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, certain structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the substance disclosed. These and other advantages and features of the invention will be more readily understood in relation to the following detailed description of the invention, which is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0047] It should be particularly noted that the magnetic elements and / or regions need not be in a particular linear arrangement, but may be a two-dimensional array or other arrangement of elements. Thus, for example, there may be a first row of magnets disposed along the length of a structural member, with a second row disposed above the first row, either aligned with the row of magnets below, or offset from the row of magnets below. In addition, in certain embodiments of the invention, the magnetic elements and / or regions may be concentrated at one end or the other of certain magnetic members, or of the device as a whole, or otherwise distributed linearly or non-linearly over a spatial extent of the device. In addition, in certain embodiments of the invention, the elastic or other actuator elements and / or regions may be concentrated at one end or the other of certain members, or of thedevice as a whole, or otherwise distributed linearly or non-linearly over a spatial extent of the device.

[0048] It should also be noted that, while the various figures show respective aspects of the invention, no one figure is intended to show the entire invention. Rather, the figures together illustrate the invention in its various aspects and principles. As such, it should not be presumed that any particular figure is exclusively related to a discrete aspect or species of the invention. To the contrary, one of skill in the art should appreciate that the figures taken together reflect various embodiments exemplifying the invention.

[0049] Correspondingly, references throughout the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearance of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.Brief Description of the Figures

[0050] Fig. 1A shows, in schematic block diagram form, certain exemplary aspects of a closure prepared according to principles of the invention in a first operational state;

[0051] Fig. IB shows, in schematic block diagram form, certain exemplary aspects of a closure prepared according to principles of the invention in a second operational state;

[0052] Fig. 2A shows, in cutaway schematic perspective view, certain exemplary aspects of a closure prepared according to principles of the invention in a first stable operational state;

[0053] Fig. 2B shows, in cutaway schematic perspective view, certain exemplary aspects of a closure prepared according to principles of the invention in a second transient operational state;

[0054] Fig. 2C shows, in cutaway schematic perspective view, certain exemplary aspects of a closure prepared according to principles of the invention in a third transient operational state;

[0055] Fig. 2D shows, in cutaway schematic perspective view, certain exemplary aspects of a closure prepared according to principles of the invention in a fourth stable operational state;

[0056] Fig. 3A shows, in cutaway schematic perspective view, certain exemplary aspects of a closure prepared according to principles of the invention;

[0057] Fig. 3B shows, in cutaway schematic perspective view, further exemplary aspects of the closure of Fig. 3A;

[0058] Fig. 4 shows, in schematic perspective view, certain further exemplary aspects of a closure prepared according to principles of the invention including exemplary asymmetrical mechanical interlock features;

[0059] Fig. 5 shows, in schematic perspective view, certain further exemplary aspects of a closure prepared according to principles of the invention illustrating exemplary arrangements of mechanical interlock features;

[0060] Fig. 6 shows, in cutaway schematic perspective view, certain further aspects of an exemplary closure prepared according to principles of the invention;

[0061] Fig. 7A shows, in schematic perspective view, further aspects of an exemplary closure prepared according to principles of the invention including certain aspects of an additional actuator portion; and

[0062] Fig. 7B shows, in schematic view, a portion of an exemplary path of motion of the actuator portion of Fig. 7A.Detailed Description

[0063] The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the disclosed inventions and sets forth the best modes presently contemplated by the inventor for carrying out his invention. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the substance disclosed.

[0064] Fig. 1A shows, in schematic block diagram form, a reclosable closure 100 prepared according to principles of the invention. In the illustrated embodiment, the closure includes a first magnet portion 102 and a second magnet portion 104. An actuator 106 is operatively coupled 108 to the first magnet portion 102. The actuator 106 is also operatively coupled 110 to the second magnet portion 104.

[0065] As exemplified in the illustration, the first magnet portion 102 is mechanically coupled through a first coupling portion 112 to a substrate 114. The substrate 114 includes a first edge region 116 and a second edge region 118; the edge regions 116, 118 defining an aperture 120 of the substrate 114.

[0066] The second magnet portion 104 is mechanically coupled to the substrate 114 through a second coupling portion 122. As will be further discussed below, in certainembodiments, the second coupling portion 122 includes a relaxation apparatus 123 disposed between the second magnet portion 104 and the substrate 114.

[0067] The first magnet portion 102 includes a first magnetic region 124 with a first permanent magnetic polarity 126 disposed along a first magnetic axis 128 and oriented substantially parallel to a first spatial direction 130 relative to a frame of reference 132 of the closure 100. The first magnet portion 102 also includes a second magnetic region 134 with a second permanent magnetic polarity 136 disposed along a second magnetic axis 138 and oriented substantially antiparallel to a second spatial direction 140 relative to the frame of reference 132 of the closure 100.

[0068] In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the first magnetic axis 128 is disposed substantially parallel to the second magnetic axis 138, and the first spatial direction 130 is substantially parallel to the second spatial direction 140.Accordingly, the second magnetic polarity 136 is disposed substantially parallel to and in the opposite direction to the first magnetic polarity 126.

[0069] As shown in Fig. 1A, the second magnet portion 104 includes a third magnetic region 150 with a third permanent magnetic polarity 152 disposed along the first magnetic axis 128 and oriented substantially parallel to the first spatial direction 130 relative to the frame of reference 132.

[0070] It will be apparent to one of skill in the art that, to the extent that the magnetic region 124 is disposed generally in proximity to magnetic region 150 (i.e., within a distance such that their respective magnetic fields interact with nontrivial forces), and bearing in mind that their respective polarities 126 and 152 are respectively generally coaxial with magnetic axis 128 and mutually aligned in direction 130, magnetic regions 124 and 150 will experience a mutual attraction to one another.

[0071] In light of the respective mechanical couplings of magnetic portions 102 and 104 to substrate 114 through coupling portions 112 and 122 respectively, the abovementioned mutual attraction will tend to cause magnetic portions 102 and 104 to urge edges 116 and 118 respectively of substrate 114 towards one another and, thereby, to urge (and desirably produce) closure of aperture 120. Accordingly, Fig.1A shows the closure 100 disposed in a first operational state designated as a "closed configuration" of the closure 100.

[0072] In contrast, Fig. IB shows the closure 100 disposed in a second operational state designated as an "open configuration" of the closure 100. Accordingly, Fig. IB shows, in schematic block diagram form, the reclosable closure 100 including the first magnet portion 102 and the second magnet portion 104. The actuator 106 is operatively coupled 108 to the first magnet portion 102. The actuator 106 is also operatively coupled 110 to the second magnet portion 104.

[0073] As exemplified in the illustrated embodiment, the actuator 106 has acted on the second magnet portion 104 through the coupling 110 to urge the magnet portion 104 through a translation in a direction 160 with respect to the frame of reference 132 of the closure 100. At the same time, passive and / or active reactive forces transmitted from actuator 106 through coupling 108 to first magnet portion 102 maintain magnet portion 102 static with respect to frame of reference 132, or urge it in in a direction opposite to direction 160.

[0074] The translation in direction 160 serves to realign the magnetic region 150 of magnet portion 104 with respect to magnetic regions 124 and 134 of magnet portion 102. Consequently, in the second operational state (i.e., open configuration) magnetic region 150 is disposed in proximity to magnetic region 134. In this configuration, the third permanent magnetic polarity 152 of magnetic region 150 is disposed along the second magnetic axis 138 and oriented substantially parallel to the second spatial direction 140.

[0075] It will be apparent to one of skill in the art that, to the extent that the magnetic region 134 is disposed generally in proximity to magnetic region 150 (i.e.,within a distance such that their respective magnetic fields interact with nontrivial forces), and bearing in mind that their respective polarities 136 and 152 are respectively generally coaxial with magnetic axis 138 and mutually opposed (i.e., the direction of polarity 152 is opposite to that of polarity 136), magnetic regions 134 and 150 will experience a mutual magnetic repulsion with respect to one another.

[0076] In light of the respective mechanical couplings of magnetic portions 102 and 104 to substrate 114 through coupling portions 112 and 122 respectively, the above- mentioned mutual repulsion will tend to cause magnetic portions 102 and 104 to urge edges 116 and 118 respectively of substrate 114 away from one another, and thereby to urge (and desirably produce) opening of aperture 120. Accordingly, Fig. IB shows the closure 100 disposed in the second operational state designated as the "open configuration" of the closure 100.

[0077] In certain embodiments of the invention, reclosable closure 100 includes first 161 and second 162 mechanical engagement or interlock features. The mechanical engagement features exhibit a mutual mechanical engagement when the reclosable closure 100 is disposed in its first operational state, as shown in Fig. 1A, and thereby serve to enhance a holding strength of the reclosable closure 100. As the reclosable closure 100 transitions from the first operational state to the second operational state, the mechanical engagement features release their mutual mechanical engagement, allowing separation of the magnetic portions 102 and 104 from one another. The reclosable closure 100 thus enters its open configuration as shown in Fig. IB.

[0078] As illustrated, in certain embodiments, the first mechanical engagement feature 161 is operatively coupled 164 to the first magnetic portion 102. Correspondingly, the second mechanical engagement feature 162 is operatively coupled 166 to the second magnetic portion 104. As will be apparent from the further disclosure provided below, in respective embodiments of the invention, one or moreof the mechanical engagement features will be substantially integrally formed with the respective magnetic portion to which it is coupled.

[0079] In other embodiments of the invention, the respective mechanical engagement features and magnetic portions will be provided as discrete components coupled temporarily or more or less permanently to one another by, for example, an appropriate mechanical coupling element. As will be apparent to one of skill in the art, this mechanical coupling element will include any of a wide variety of devices such as, for example and without limitation, screws, rivets, welding, adhesives, etc.

[0080] In certain embodiments of the invention, the above-described mechanical engagement will include a compressive and / or frictional contact between a first respective surface region 168 of mechanical engagement feature 161 and a second respective surface region 170 of mechanical engagement feature 162.

[0081] This compressive and / or frictional surface contact will, in certain embodiments, be a passive surface contact established between surface regions 168 and 170 whether or not the closure 100 is, at a particular time, subject to a transverse tensile force, tending to separate the first 102 and second 104 magnetic portions in, for example, directions 172 and 174 respectively. Naturally, one of skill in the art will appreciate that the applied forces may include components in other directions, but nevertheless, components of force may exist in directions 172 and 174 respectively.

[0082] In other embodiments of the invention, a compressive and / or frictional surface contact between surface regions 168 and 170 will be established substantially only when the first 102 and second 104 magnetic portions are subjected to a transverse tensile force.

[0083] In light of the further disclosure provided below, it will be apparent to one of skill in the art that the representations of surface regions 168, 170 in Fig's 1A and IB are purely schematic, and the actual orientation and arrangement of such surface regions will depend on the requirements of a particular desirable mechanicalinteraction. Nevertheless, in light of the totality of the present disclosure, the nature and characteristics of such orientations and arrangements will be readily apparent to the practitioner of ordinary skill in the art in light of the totality of the present disclosure.

[0084] In certain embodiments of the invention, the above-described mechanical engagement will include a frictional contact between the first respective surface region 168 of mechanical engagement feature 161 and the second respective surface region 170 of mechanical engagement feature 162. This frictional surface contact will, in certain embodiments, correspond to a passive surface contact established between surface regions 168 and 170 whether or not the closure 100 is subjected to a transverse tensile force, tending to separate the first 102 and second 104 magnetic portions in directions 172 and 174 respectively.

[0085] In other embodiments of the invention, a frictional surface contact between surface regions 168 and 170 will be established substantially only when the first 102 and second 104 magnetic portions are subjected to a transverse tensile force.

[0086] It will be appreciated by one of skill in the art that, while the actuator 106 of closure 100 is exemplified as effecting a linear translation between the first magnetic portion 102 and second magnetic portion 104 (and / or the first mechanical engagement feature 161 and the second mechanical engagement feature 162) respectively, this is only one of a wide variety of realignments and / or rearrangements of magnetic and / or mechanical configuration that fall within the scope of the present invention. Thus, for example, in a respective embodiment, a rotary actuation of respective magnetic regions will likewise produce an operational state transition from a first closed configuration to a second open configuration and back again and, in certain embodiments similarly, a corresponding transition from first engaged mechanical condition to a second disengaged mechanical condition, and back again.

[0087] Likewise, combinations of rotation and translation, as well as the rearrangement of a wide variety of magnetic shunt arrangements, will produce the desired transition of the closure 100 between open and closed configurations. It should be understood that all of these various reconfigurations are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure, and but for practical limitations of time would be described here in full. Nevertheless, in light of the present description, and with a minimum of experimentation, one of skill in the art will arrive at any and all of these various inventive configurations, and would thus deem the present writing a comprehensive disclosure.

[0088] It will also be of significance to one of skill in the art that actuator 106 will, in certain embodiments, include a first portion adapted to be disposed relatively proximate to the magnet portion 102 and 104, and a second portion adapted to be disposed relatively distal to the magnet portion 102 and 104. Consequently, in certain desirable embodiments, remote actuation of the closure 100, so as to produce a transition between the first operational state and the second operational state will be readily achieved. Such remote operation will be of great benefit in many circumstances including where the closure 100 is employed in the service of those with a limited range of motion, or other limitation of physical capability.

[0089] As will be evident to one of skill in the art in light of the further disclosure presented below, in certain embodiments of the invention, the mechanical and / or magnetic features of the closure 100 will be formed and configured to produce a desirable respective spatial motion between the first 102 and second 104 magnetic portions and / or the first 161 and second 162 mechanical engagement features, so as to effect a desirable opening and closing (i.e., disengagement and engagement) of the mechanical engagement features 161, 162. It will be understood that the terms "mechanical and / or magnetic features of the closure 100" are intended, in certain embodiments, to encompass one or both of the magnet portions (102, 104) and theactuator 106, along with any ancillary features whose inclusion is appropriate to a particular application or arrangement.

[0090] That is, the spatial transition of respective elements between a first operational state and a second operational state of the closure 100 will serve to produce a desirable disengagement and engagement of the mechanical engagement features, such that, when in the engaged condition, the mechanical engagement features serve to maintain, and / or to promote the maintenance, of the closure 100 in its closed condition.

[0091] In addition, in certain embodiments of the invention, it will be possible to effectively operate the closure 100 so as to readily effect a transition from the first (closed) operational state to the second (open) operational state notwithstanding the presence of transverse tensile forces being applied to the closure 100.

[0092] In other embodiments of the invention, the presence of transverse forces being applied to the closure 100 will tend to interlock and / or further engage the respective engagement features so as to impede or preclude a transition of the closure 100 from its first operational state to its second operational state. That is, transverse forces applied across the closure 100 will tend to lock it in its closed configuration and prevent actuation of the closure 100 until those transverse forces are more or less relieved. In such a case, the mechanical engagement features will, in certain exemplary embodiments, and without limitation, optionally include respective concave or "hooked" aspects of respective surface regions 168 and 170.

[0093] It will also be appreciated by one of skill in the art that the closure described herewith is employed, and will be used, in a wide variety of configurations and applications including, for example only and without limitation, to effect a desirable control of apertures of garments, shoes and boots, airflow curtains, dampers, dust curtains, light curtains, sunshades, spacesuits, airlocks, doors, refrigerators and other storage lockers, luggage, and anywhere one might apply any alternative closuremechanism such as, for example and without limitation, a hook and loop fastener, a zipper fastener, an adhesive fastener, buttons or shoe hooks, or any other apparatus or mechanism known or that becomes known in the art. That said, the benefits of the present apparatus over those previously in existence will become apparent in light of the foregoing, and of the further disclosure presented herewith.

[0094] In light of the foregoing discussion, one of skill in the art will readily understand that a wide variety of different mechanical arrangements and structures will be beneficially prepared for respective applications and embodiments of the invention. Moreover, considerations of robustness, durability, manufacturability and ease of application will motivate a still further plethora of embodiments.Accordingly, the various embodiments provided herewith are presented merely as exemplary of a wide variety of implementations that are anticipated in light of the scope and import of the present invention.

[0095] Fig's 2A-2D show, in cutaway schematic perspective view, exemplary aspects and features, including transient and stable states, of a reclosable closure 200 prepared according to principles of the invention.

[0096] Figures 2A-2D illustrate, in cutaway perspective view, certain aspects, characteristics, and methods of operation exemplifying a reclosable closure 200 prepared according to principles of the invention. Fig. 2A shows the closure 200 in a first operational state, where an aperture 220 is in a closed condition and, as will be further discussed below, first 202 and second 204 magnet portions are disposed in a first magnetically attractive condition while engagement feature 261 and engagement feature 262 are disposed in a corresponding mechanically coupled condition.

[0097] Fig's 2B and 2C show closure 200 in transition from the first operational state to a second operational state. During this transition, first 202 and second 204 magnet portions are displaced from one another from their first attractivearrangement to an intermediate condition as shown in Fig. 2B. Thereafter, the first 202 and second 204 magnet portions are displaced further with respect to one another into a further repulsive arrangement as shown in Fig. 2C. Finally, Fig. 2D shows the closure 200 in a second operational state such that the aperture 220 has been reconfigured from the closed condition of Fig. 2A to an open condition.

[0098] One of skill in the art will immediately appreciate that the foregoing series of events, i.e., state progression, will be reversed in order to cause the aperture to be reconfigured once again from the open condition back to the closed condition.

[0099] Referring to Fig. 2A, first closure 200 includes a first magnet portion 202 and a second magnet portion 204. An actuator 206 is operatively coupled through a first coupling member 208 to the first magnet portion 202. The actuator 206 is also operatively coupled through a second coupling member 210 to the second magnet portion 204.

[0100] As exemplified in the illustrated embodiment, the first magnet portion 202 is mechanically coupled through a first coupling portion 212 to a substrate 214. Referring now to Fig. 2D the substrate 214 includes a first edge region 216 and a second edge region 218; the edge regions 216, 218 defining an aperture 220 of the substrate 214.

[0101] Referring again to Fig. 2A the second magnet portion 204 is mechanically coupled to the substrate 214 through a second coupling portion 222. It will be appreciated by one of skill in the art that the second magnet portion 204 will typically, although not always (as, for example, where a rotary rather than linear motion is employed), move in relation to the substrate 214 during operation of the closure. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the second coupling portion 222 includes a relaxation apparatus disposed between the second magnet portion 204 and the substrate 214.

[0102] Where the substrate is sufficiently flexible, the second magnet portion will be directly coupled to the substrate. In other circumstances, it will be appropriate to apply the relaxation apparatus between the second magnet portion and the substrate to accommodate a relative motion therebetween. One of skill in the art will readily understand that this relaxation apparatus will include, for example, a spring, a linear slide, an elastomeric element, an arrangement of hinged diagonal links, a pivotal or rotary element, or any other appropriate extending and retracting (or rotary, where appropriate) coupling that allows differential movement between the second magnetic portion 204 and the substrate 214.

[0103] Thus, for example, one end of the relaxation apparatus will be directly or indirectly coupled to the substrate while the other end of the relaxation apparatus will be directly or indirectly coupled to the corresponding magnet portion. In the operation of certain embodiments, the two ends of the relaxation apparatus will move towards each other or away from each other in order to accommodate a motion of the magnet portion with respect to the substrate without unduly straining or deforming the substrate.

[0104] One of skill in the art will appreciate that, in certain embodiments, the first coupling portion 212 will include a relaxation apparatus disposed between the first magnet portion 202 and the substrate 214.[0104-1] The first magnet portion 202 includes a first magnetic element 224 with a first permanent magnetic polarity 226 disposed along a first magnetic axis 228 and oriented substantially parallel to a spatial direction 230 relative to a frame of reference 232 of the closure 200. The first magnet portion 202 also includes a second magnetic element 234 with a second permanent magnetic polarity 236 disposed along a second magnetic axis 238 and oriented substantially antiparallel to spatial direction 230.

[0105] In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the first magnetic axis 228 is disposed substantially parallel to the second magnetic axis 238.

[0106] As shown in Fig. 2A, the second magnet portion 204 includes a third magnetic element 250 with a third permanent magnetic polarity 252 disposed along the first magnetic axis 228 and oriented substantially parallel to the spatial direction 230. Similarly, the second magnet portion 204 includes a fourth magnetic element 251 with a fourth permanent magnetic polarity 253 disposed along the second magnetic axis 238 and oriented substantially antiparallel to the spatial direction 230.

[0107] It will be apparent to one of skill in the art that, to the extent that magnetic element 224 is disposed generally in proximity to magnetic element 250 (i.e., within a distance such that their respective magnetic fields interact with nontrivial forces), and bearing in mind that their respective polarities 226 and 252 are respectively generally coaxial with magnetic axis 228 and mutually aligned in direction 230, magnetic elements 224 and 250 will experience a mutual attraction to one another.

[0108] Similarly, to the extent that magnetic element 234 is disposed generally in proximity to magnetic element 251 (i.e., within a distance such that their respective magnetic fields interact with nontrivial forces), and bearing in mind that their respective polarities 236 and 253 are respectively generally coaxial with magnetic axis 238, and mutually aligned antiparallel to direction 230, magnetic elements 234 and 251 will experience a mutual attraction to one another.

[0109] In light of the respective mechanical couplings of magnetic portions 202 and 204 to substrate 214 through coupling portions 212 and 222 respectively, the above- mentioned mutual attraction will tend to cause magnetic portions 202 and 204 to urge edges 216 and 218 of substrate 214 towards one another respectively, and thereby to urge (and desirably produce and maintain) closure of aperture 220 (Fig. 2D). Accordingly, Fig. 2A shows the closure 200 disposed in a first operational state designated as the "closed configuration" of the closure 200.

[0110] In contrast, Fig. 2D shows the closure 200 disposed in the second operational state designated as the "open configuration" of the closure 200. Accordingly, Fig. 2D shows the reclosable closure 200 including the first magnet portion 202, the second magnet portion 204, and the actuator 206.

[0111] As compared with the first closed configuration state of the closure 200 (as shown in Fig. 2A), in the second open configuration state of the closure 200 (as shown in Fig. 2D) the actuator 206 has been operated to urge (i.e., draw), the coupling member 210 towards the actuator 206 in direction 260, while maintaining coupling member 208 substantially immobile with respect to the actuator 206. Accordingly, magnet portion 204 has moved through a translation generally in a spatial direction 260 with respect to frame of reference 232 of the closure 200.

[0112] At the same time, passive and / or active reactive forces transmitted from actuator 206 through coupling member 208 to first magnet portion 202 maintain magnet portion 202 more or less static with respect to direction 260 of frame of reference 232, or urge it in in a direction opposite to direction 260.

[0113] The translation of magnetic portion 204 in direction 260 serves to realign, for example, the magnetic element 251 of magnet portion 204 with respect to magnetic elements 234 and 224 of magnet portion 202. Consequently, in the second operational state (i.e., in the open configuration) magnetic element 251 is disposed in proximity to magnetic element 224. In this configuration, the fourth permanent magnetic polarity 253 of magnetic element 251 is disposed generally in alignment with the first magnetic axis 228 (no longer entirely linear) while being oriented generally antiparallel to the spatial direction 230.

[0114] It will be apparent to one of skill in the art that, to the extent that the magnetic element 251 is shown disposed generally in proximity to magnetic element 224 (i.e., within a distance such that their respective magnetic fields interact with nontrivial forces), and bearing in mind that their respective polarities 253 and 226are respectively generally coaxial with magnetic axis 228 and disposed mutually opposed with respect to direction 230, magnetic elements 251 and 224 will experience a mutual magnetic repulsion 255 with respect to one another.

[0115] In like fashion, to the extent that magnetic element 250 is shown disposed generally in proximity to a magnetic element 257, and understanding that their respective polarities are respectively generally antiparallel to one another, magnetic elements 250 and 257 will also experience a mutual repulsion with respect to one another.

[0116] Indeed, in certain embodiments of the invention, some or all of the magnetic elements of magnetic portion 202 will, after actuation of actuator 206, experience a magnetic repulsion with respect to the corresponding magnetic elements of magnetic portion 204. The net cumulative effect of these magnetically repulsive interactions will serve to urge magnetic portion 204 away from magnetic portion 202, in directions 274 and 272 respectively, thus tending to urge edges 218 and 216 away from one another and open aperture 220 of substrate 214.

[0117] In light of the respective mechanical couplings of magnetic portions 202 and 204 to substrate 214 through coupling portions 212 and 222 respectively, the above- mentioned mutual repulsion will tend to cause magnetic portions 202 and 204 to urge edges 216 and 218 respectively of substrate 214 away from one another, and thereby urge (and, desirably, effect) opening of aperture 220. Accordingly, Fig. 2D shows the closure 200 disposed in the second operational state, designated as the "open configuration," of the closure 200.

[0118] To the extent that the substrate 214 is implemented as a portion of a garment, a wearer of the garment can effect opening and closing of aperture 220 by operation of the actuator portion 206 so as to facilitate donning and / or removing the garment.

[0119] It will be appreciated by one of skill in the art that the illustrated translation in direction 260 of magnetic portion 204 by action of the actuator 206 is only one of many ways in which the magnetic configurations of magnetic portions 204 and 206 can be rearranged and / or reoriented to cause a transition in the attractive state of the magnetic portions 204, 206 with respect to one another. In other embodiments, and where appropriate magnet portions are provided, actions such as rotation of the magnetic elements about a longitudinal axis of the respective magnetic portion, rotation of the magnetic elements about a respective axis transverse to that longitudinal axis, translation of magnetic shunt elements, and / or any combination of the same and / or other motions will be applied to beneficial effect.

[0120] In certain embodiments of the invention, reclosable closure 200 includes first 261 and second 262 mechanical engagement features. The mechanical engagement features exhibit a mutual mechanical engagement when the reclosable closure 200 is disposed in its first operational state, as shown in Fig. 2A, and thereby serve to enhance a holding strength of the reclosable closure 200. As the reclosable closure 200 transitions from the first operational state to the second operational state, the mechanical engagement features release their mutual mechanical engagement, allowing separation of the magnetic portions 202 and 204 from one another. The reclosable closure 200 thus enters its open configuration as shown in Fig. 2D.

[0121] As illustrated, in certain embodiments, the first mechanical engagement feature 261 is operatively coupled to the first magnetic portion 202.Correspondingly, the second mechanical engagement feature 262 is operatively coupled to the second magnetic portion 204.

[0122] As will be apparent from the further disclosure provided below, in certain embodiments of the invention, one or more of the mechanical engagement features will be substantially integrally formed with the respective magnetic portion to which it is coupled. In other embodiments of the invention, the mechanical engagement features and magnetic portions will be provided as discrete components , thereaftercoupled more or less permanently to one another by, for example, an appropriate mechanical coupling element. As will be understood by one of skill in the art, this mechanical coupling element will include any of a wide variety of devices such as, for example and without limitation, screws, rivets, welding, adhesives, etc.

[0123] Fig. 2B shows, in schematic cutaway perspective view, a first intermediate condition where the reclosable closure 200 is shown in transition between the closed and open states. As illustrated, in this transitional state the actuator 206 is partway through its operative transition, and the mechanical engagement features 261 and 262 have begun to disengage from one another.

[0124] Fig. 2C shows, in schematic cutaway perspective view, a second intermediate condition of closure 200 where exemplary pairs of magnet elements, e.g., 251, 224 are arranged in substantial alignment, with their respective magnetic polarities 253, 226 disposed in opposition to one another. In the illustrated configuration, magnetic portions 202, 204 of the closure 200 have not yet pivoted in directions 272, 274 respectively. In this transient state, the mechanical engagement features 261, 262 are fully disengaged from one another so that there is no mechanical interference therebetween to impede their respective motions in directions 272 and 274.

[0125] Referring again to Fig's 2A and 2D, in certain embodiments of the invention, the above-described mechanical engagement features will include a compressive contact between a first surface region 268 of mechanical engagement feature 261 and a second surface region 270 of mechanical engagement feature 262. This compressive surface contact will, in certain embodiments, be established substantially only when the first 202 and second 204 magnetic portions are urged away from each other transversely in, e.g., directions 272 and 274 respectively.

[0126] In other embodiments of the invention, an active surface contact is established between surface regions 268 and 270 regardless of whether the closure200 is subject to a transverse tensile force tending to separate the first 202 and second 204 magnetic portions in, for example, directions 272 and 274. One of skill in the art will appreciate that the applied forces may include components in other directions in addition to directions 272 and 274.

[0127] In certain embodiments of the invention, the above-described mechanical engagement will include a frictional contact between the first surface region 268 of mechanical engagement feature 261 and the second surface region 270 of mechanical engagement feature 262. In certain embodiments of the invention, the above-describe mechanical engagement will include an interference contact between elements of the first surface region 268 and the second surface region 270. In certain aspects of the invention, mechanical engagement between surface regions 268 and 270 will include both frictional and interference characteristics.

[0128] It should be noted that, in other embodiments of the invention, the magnet portions will not remain rigid and / or linear during the subsequent pivotal motion but will flex, such that opening begins at one end (such as, for example, at the end distal to the actuator 206) and then progresses towards the other end (i.e., proximal to the actuator 206) in zipping fashion.

[0129] One of ordinary skill in the art will understand that certain of such zipping embodiments of the invention will exhibit unequal spacing of the mechanical interlock features. In some such embodiments, the respective locations of the interlocking surfaces of the mechanical interlock portions 261, 262 will be offset from a strictly equidistant longitudinal positioning. Thus, for example, at the distal end (with respect to the actuator 206) of the magnetic portions 204, 206 the mechanical interlock portions 261, 262 will be arranged to disengage sooner, and reengage later, in an operational transition when compared to the interlocking surfaces located at the proximal end of the mechanical interlock portions 261, 262.

[0130] It will be appreciated by one of skill in the art that, while the actuator 206 of closure 200 is exemplified as effecting a linear translation between the first magnetic portion 202 and second magnetic portion 204 (and / or the first mechanical engagement feature 261 and the second mechanical engagement feature 262) respectively, this is only one of a wide variety of realignments and / or rearrangements of magnetic and / or mechanical configuration that fall within the scope of the present invention. Thus, for example, in a respective embodiment, a rotary actuation of respective magnetic regions will likewise produce an operational state transition from a first closed configuration to a second open configuration and back again and, in certain embodiments similarly, a corresponding transition from first engaged mechanical condition to a second disengaged mechanical condition, and back again.

[0131] Likewise, combinations of rotation and translation, as well as the rearrangement of a wide variety of magnetic shunt elements will produce the desired transition of the closure 200 between open and closed configurations. It should be understood that all of these various reconfigurations are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure, and but for practical limitations of time would be described here in full. Nevertheless, in light of the present description, and with a minimum of experimentation, one of skill in the art will arrive at any and all of these various inventive configurations, and would thus understand the present writing as being a comprehensive disclosure.

[0132] It will also be of significance to one of skill in the art that actuator 206 will, in certain embodiments, include a first portion adapted to be disposed relatively proximate to the magnet portion 202 and 204, and a second portion adapted to be disposed relatively distal to the magnet portion 202 and 204. Consequently, in certain desirable embodiments, remote actuation of the closure 200, so as to produce a transition between the first operational state and the second operational state will be readily achieved. Such remote operation will be of great benefit in manycircumstances including, for example, where the closure 200 is employed in the service of those individual users with a limited range of motion.

[0133] It will be understood by the reader that a wide variety of components will, in respective embodiments, serve to communicate between a proximal portion of the actuator and a distal or remote portion of the actuator. Thus, in certain exemplary embodiments, an actuating cable or other tensile or rotary member will be provided to convey a mechanical impulse or force between the distal and proximal portions of the actuator.

[0134] As will be evident to one of skill in the art in light of the further disclosure presented below, in certain embodiments of the invention, the mechanical and / or magnetic features of the closure 200 will be formed and configured to produce a desirable respective spatial motion between the first 202 and second 204 magnetic portions and / or the first 261 and second 262 mechanical engagement features, so as to affect a desirable opening and closing (i.e., disengagement and engagement) of the mechanical engagement features 261, 262. It will be understood that the terms "mechanical and / or magnetic features of the closure 200" are intended, in certain embodiments, to encompass one or both of the magnet portions (202, 204) and / or the actuator 206, along with any ancillary features whose inclusion is appropriate to a particular application or arrangement.

[0135] That is, the spatial transition of respective elements between a first operational state and a second operational state of the closure 200 will serve to produce a desirable disengagement and engagement of the mechanical engagement features, such that, when in the engaged condition, the mechanical engagement features serve to maintain, and / or to promote the maintenance, of the closure 200 in its closed condition.

[0136] In addition, in certain embodiments of the invention, it will be possible to effectively operate the closure 200 so as to readily effect a transition from the first(closed) operational state to the second (open) operational state notwithstanding the presence of transverse tensile forces being applied to the closure 200.

[0137] In other embodiments of the invention, the presence of transverse forces being applied to the closure 200 will tend to interlock and / or further engage the respective engagement features so as to impede or preclude a transition of the closure 200 from its first operational state to its second operational state. That is, transverse forces applied across the closure 200 will tend to lock it in its closed configuration and prevent actuation of the closure 200 until those transverse forces are more or less relieved. In exemplary cases, one or more of the mechanical engagement features will, in certain exemplary embodiments, and without limitation, include respective concave and / or "hooked" aspects of respective surface regions 268 and 270.

[0138] Fig. 3A shows, in perspective cutaway view, further exemplary features and aspects of the invention, including methods and apparatus of a reclosable closure 300 prepared according to principles of the invention. Referring again to the exemplary closure 200 of Fig's 2A-2D, the reader will note that magnet portions 202 and 204 are disposed adjacent to and generally parallel to respective mechanical interlock portions 261 and 262. As described above, in certain embodiments of the invention, magnet portions 202, 204 and mechanical interlock portions 261, 262 are prepared as discrete components and thereafter coupled together during manufacturing.

[0139] In contrast, closure 300 includes first 302 and second 304 magnet portions, where the magnet portions include mechanical interlock features integrally formed therewith. First magnet portion 302 includes a first longitudinal member portion 303. Second magnet portion 304 includes a second longitudinal member portion 305. As above, the first 302 and second 304 magnet portions are each coupled to an actuator portion 306. In light of the foregoing disclosure, the reader will appreciate thatreclosable closure 300 is shown in an open configuration, and will understand that, in operation, the closure will transition between open and closed configurations.

[0140] First magnet portion 302 includes exemplary mechanical interlock features 308, 310, 312 and 314. Second magnet portion 304 includes exemplary interlock features 316, 318, 320 and 322. As presently exemplified, each interlock feature includes a column portion e.g., 324, 326 and a cantilever portion e.g., 328, 330.

[0141] Exemplary interlock feature 308 includes a first contact surface region 332. The contact surface region 332 defines one side of a recess 334 of interlock feature 308. Similarly, exemplary interlock feature 316 includes a first contact surface region 336. The contact surface region 336 defines one side of a recess 338 of interlock feature 316.

[0142] The reader will appreciate that operating the closure 300 to transition from the illustrated open configuration to a closed configuration will result in, for example, contact surface region 332 being disposed adjacent to and / or in contact with contact surface region 336. A resulting interference and / or frictional interaction between the contact surface regions 332 and 336 will serve to couple the first magnetic portion 302 to the second magnet portion 304 (i.e., in a closed configuration). This coupling will serve to impede or prevent motion of the first magnet portion 302 away from the second magnetic portion 304 when subject to transverse forces in respective directions 340, 342.

[0143] In one embodiment of the invention, as illustrated, magnet elements 344 and 346 are disposed within longitudinal member portion 303. In addition, magnet element 348 is disposed in cantilever portion 350 of mechanical interlock feature 314. It should be noted that references herewith to "magnets" or "magnet elements" are intended to signify any magnetic region, whether embodied in a discrete permanently magnetized article, or in a magnetized region of a substrate material, in an electromagnetic device, in a static electric device, or otherwise.

[0144] Similarly, magnet elements 352 and 354 are disposed within longitudinal member portion 305. In addition, magnet element 356 is disposed in cantilever portion 358 of mechanical interlock feature 322.

[0145] As will be discussed further below, in the exemplary illustrated open configuration, magnet elements 346, 348 and 354 are disposed generally coaxial with one another, and the polarities of magnet elements 346 and 348 are mutually aligned and are both opposed to the polarity of magnet 354 so as to be in a magnetically repulsive configuration with magnet 354.

[0146] In the closed configuration, magnet elements 346, 348, 356 and 352 are disposed generally coaxial with one another and the polarities of all four magnet elements are mutually aligned so as to be in a magnetically attractive configuration.

[0147] Fig. 3B shows, in schematic perspective view, additional detail of certain features and aspects of the invention, illustrating both methods and apparatus of the reclosable closure 300. In particular, Fig. 3B identifies the magnetic polarities of exemplary magnetic regions of first and second magnet portions of the closure 300.

[0148] First 302 and second 304 magnet portions are shown, where the magnet portions include integrally formed mechanical interlock features.

[0149] First magnet portion 302 includes a first longitudinal member portion 303. Second magnet portion 304 includes a second longitudinal member portion 305. First magnet portion 302 includes exemplary interlock features 308, 310, 312 and 314.Second magnet portion 304 includes exemplary interlock features 316, 318, 320 and 322. As presently indicated, each interlock feature includes a column portion e.g., 324, 326 and a cantilever portion e.g., 328, 330.

[0150] With the closure 300 in an open configuration, exemplary magnet elements 346, 348 and 354 are disposed generally coaxially with one another, and the polarities of magnet elements 346 and 348 are mutually aligned and are bothopposed to the polarity of magnet element 354 so as to be in a magnetically repulsive configuration with magnet element 354.

[0151] Accordingly, the orientation and direction of the polarity of magnet elements 346 and 348 is indicated by arrow 370. The orientation and direction of the polarity of magnetic element 354 is indicated by arrow 372. The orientation and direction of the polarity of magnetic elements 352 and 356 is indicated by arrow 376.

[0152] In the closed configuration, magnet elements 346, 348, 356 and 352 are disposed generally coaxial with one another, as are the arrows 370 and 376. The polarities of all four magnet elements are mutually aligned along arrows 370 and 376, which are disposed substantially aligned with one another, so as to be in a magnetically attractive configuration.

[0153] In the open configuration, magnet elements 346, 348 and 354 are disposed generally coaxially aligned with one another. Arrows 370 and 372 are disposed generally coaxially aligned, but oriented in opposition to one another. In this configuration, the polarities of magnet elements 346 and 348 are mutually aligned and are both opposed to the polarity of magnet element 354, so as to be in a magnetically repulsive relationship with magnet element 354.

[0154] In light of the foregoing, it will be evident to one of skill in the art that, when the closure 300 is disposed in a closed configuration, the interaction of the magnetic elements will tend to retain the mechanical interlock portions in an engaged configuration. Conversely, when the first longitudinal member 303 is translated longitudinally with respect to the second longitudinal member 305 (i.e., when the closure 300 is actuated to produce a transition into the open configuration), the interaction of the magnetic elements will tend to urge the first and second longitudinal members away from each other in directions 340, 342 so as to urge the closure 300 into the open configuration.

[0155] The examples shown above primarily illustrate mechanical interlock features that are substantially symmetrical with one another. There will, however, be embodiments of the invention in which this is not the case as, for example, in Fig. 4.

[0156] Fig. 4 shows, in schematic perspective view, a closure 400 in which mechanical interlock portions are included that are asymmetrical with respect to one another. As will be evident on inspection to the practitioner of skill in the art, the arrangement and operation of closure 400 is similar to that of closure 300 described above. In particular, closure 400 includes a first magnet portion 402, a second magnet portion 404, and an actuator portion 406 mutually coupled between magnet portions 402 and 404.

[0157] First magnet portion 402 includes a longitudinal member 403 and a first plurality of exemplary interlock features 408, 410, 412 and 414. Second magnet portion 404 includes a longitudinal member 405 and a second plurality of exemplary interlock features 416, 418, 420 and 422.

[0158] As is apparent from the figure, interlock feature 408 bears some similarity to interlock feature 308 described above, and includes a first column portion 424 and a second cantilever portion 426.

[0159] In contrast, interlock feature 416 differs from interlock feature 308, and includes a first flange portion 428 and a second flange portion 430. Each of flange portions 428 and 430 have a respective proximal end (e.g. 432) disposed adjacent to, and coupled to longitudinal member 405. At the other end of each of flange portions 428 and 430 is a respective distal end (e.g., 434, 436).

[0160] A transverse portion 438 is disposed between the distal ends 434 and 436, such that respective internal surface regions of longitudinal member 405, flange portions 428 and 430 and transverse portion 438 together define an aperture 440. Accordingly, aperture 440 is arranged and configured to receive cantilever portion 426 therewithin when the closure 400 is in its closed configuration.

[0161] In certain embodiments of the invention, the flange portions 428, 430 are continuous, and / or integrated and / or coupled with one another, along the respective longitudinal dimension of the longitudinal member405. In certain embodiments of the invention, one or more further transverse portions (not shown) are disposed between the respective proximal ends of the flanges, such that the interlock feature or features circumscribed a cross-section of the longitudinal member. In certain embodiments of the invention, one or more of the flange portions are directly connected to the actuator portion.

[0162] The practitioner of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, whereas the interlock features 408, 410, 412 and 414 of longitudinal member 403 are similar in aspect, and together differ from interlock features 416, 418, 420 and 422 of longitudinal member 405, which are together similar in aspect, this is merely one example of many possible arrangements. Accordingly, in corresponding embodiments and examples of the invention, the characteristics of interlock features will alternate along the length of a longitudinal member, or as between the longitudinal members, or be arranged in any way deemed beneficial with respect to the requirements of a particular application.

[0163] Likewise, the particular arrangement of Fig. 4 in which interlock feature 408 may be characterized as a hook and interlock feature 416 may be characterized as a loop, is only one of myriad possible arrangements and configurations that will be prepared in respective embodiments of the invention. All of these various examples will be apparent to the practitioner of ordinary skill in the art, with a minimum of experimentation, having enjoyed the benefit of the present disclosure.

[0164] It will also be noted that, in certain embodiments of the invention, a hookstyle interlock feature, such as, e.g. 414, may include a contact surface region 442 having a concave aspect.

[0165] In certain embodiments of the invention, a further mechanism (not shown) will be incorporated that provides for urging a loop-style interlock feature, such as 422 in a direction 444 away from interlock feature 414 after the closure 400 has been placed in a closed configuration. In certain embodiments, a complementary (i.e., directionally opposite) motion of interlock feature 422 will serve to draw transverse portion 446 into the concave region of contact surface region 442, thereby tending to lock interlock features 414 and 422 together with additional security. With a minimum of experimentation, the character and details of the apparatus for these further motions will be evident to one of skill in the art in light of the present disclosure.

[0166] In still further embodiments of the invention, a further mechanism (not shown) is provided to urge a blocking element 448 into, e.g., aperture 450 (i.e., in direction 452) after the closure 400 has been placed in a closed configuration. This blocking element 448 will thus serve as a security feature that prevents inadvertent opening (i.e., transition of the closure 400 from a closed configuration to an open configuration) of the closure 400 prior to the intentional removal of blocking element 448. The foregoing, and many other security features, will become apparent to the practitioner of ordinary skill in the art, having reviewed the present disclosure.

[0167] Fig. 5 shows, in schematic perspective view, further aspects and embodiments of the invention wherein, for example, a closure 500 includes a first longitudinal member 502 and a second longitudinal member 504 mutually coupled to one another through an actuator portion 506. The first 502 and second 504 longitudinal members each have a respective plurality of mechanical interlock features, e.g., 508, 510, 512, 514, 516 where, as illustrated, there will be, in some cases, a plurality of interlock features along a transverse direction (e.g., 518) of the longitudinal member.

[0168] Furthermore, and as illustrated, in certain embodiments, certain of these interlock features will be offset from one another in a longitudinal direction (e.g.,520) along the longitudinal member. Accordingly, for example, interlock feature 514 is more distal with respect to actuator 506 along longitudinal member 504 than either of interlock features 512 and 516. As will be appreciated by 1 of skill in the art, the corresponding interlock features, e.g. 508, 510 are disposed in complementary fashion along longitudinal member 502 so as to ensure a desirable coupling between respective interlock features as the closure 500 enters a closed configuration.

[0169] In certain embodiments of the invention, the longitudinal members 502, 504 will be substantially fixedly coupled together, or integrally formed in the transverse direction. In other embodiments of the invention, as illustrated, an exemplary longitudinal member 504 will include a plurality of layers, e.g. 522, 524, 526.Likewise longitudinal member 502 will include a plurality of layers 528, 530, 532. In still further embodiments of the invention, actuator 506 will be configured and arranged to move layers 528, 530 and 532 more or less independently in longitudinal direction 520 so as to facilitate, for example, and improved locking of the closure 500 in a closed configuration.

[0170] Thus, for example, layers 528 and 532 may be actuated first to provide an initial transition of the closure 500 to a closed configuration, and thereafter, layer 530 is actuated to further lock the closure 500 in that closed configuration. It should be noted that, in certain embodiments, one or more of the layers will include magnetic elements. In other embodiments all layers will include magnetic elements and in still other embodiments of the invention none of the layers will include magnetic elements and / or mechanical interlock features.

[0171] In a still further embodiment of the invention, a closure is provided that is similar to closure 500. The closure will include, for example, a plurality of layers. Thus, for example, it might include layers 522, 524, and 526 of a longitudinal member 504 and layers 528, 530 and 532 of longitudinal member 502. However, whereas in the embodiment described immediately above, all of layers 528, 530 and 532 move in the same direction 534 to effect a transition of the closure 500 to a closedconfiguration, in the present embodiment of the invention, layers 528 and 532 might move in direction 534, while layer 530 is actuated to move in the opposite direction during the transition to a closed configuration. That is, for example, interlock feature 514 would face in the opposite direction to that shown. Correspondingly, it's counterpart 510 on longitudinal member 502 would also face in the opposite direction to that shown, and both interlock features would be disposed at appropriate longitudinal locations to ensure the requisite engagement and disengagement.

[0172] In light of the foregoing, it will be appreciated by one of skill in the art that a wide variety of actuators will be prepared corresponding to respective embodiments of the invention. These actuators will be designed and configured to provide any desirable action effective to provide a desired motion of the longitudinal members with respect to one another. Thus, actuators in certain embodiments will include additional links (such as link 536), links of differing lengths, links disposed in different orientations and directions, hinges having limited action, portions arranged to act in sequence, etc. All of the foregoing will become apparent to the practitioner of skill in the art in light of the present disclosure and having established a particular design requirement.

[0173] Fig. 6 shows, in schematic cutaway perspective view, a further embodiment of the invention in which a closure 600 includes a first layer 602, 604 of mechanical interlock features e.g., 606, 608. Disposed, for example, on either side of the first layer 602, 604 are additional layers 610, 612 and 614, 616 respectively including magnetic elements and / or regions e.g., 618. In certain embodiments of the invention, as illustrated, one or more layers will include a coupler portion, 620. A coupler portion 620 will, for example, facilitate coupling of the closure 600 to a substrate. In certain embodiments of the invention, such a coupling will be made by loops of thread through the illustrated apertures e.g., 622. In other embodiments of theinvention, rivets, or any other appropriate coupling element or arrangement, will be employed according to the requirements of a particular application.

[0174] In still further embodiments of the invention, layers including magnetic elements will be directly coupled to an actuator portion 624 (in contrast to the instant illustration). In still further embodiments of the invention, portions including mechanical coupling features will not be directly coupled to the actuator 624, but will be coupled indirectly thereto.

[0175] In certain embodiments of the invention, mechanical coupling features will be disposed between magnet portions. In other embodiments of the invention, mechanical coupling features will be disposed outwardly of magnet portions.

[0176] In still another embodiment of the invention, a closure includes one longitudinal member and an actuator, both coupled to a first substrate portion such as, for example, a lid of a storage chest. The lid of the storage chest being generally pivotally hinged to the body of the storage chest. A second longitudinal member of the closure is substantially fixedly coupled to the body of the storage chest. The second longitudinal member is not directly coupled to the actuator. Rather, when the lid of the storage chest is closed, the first and second longitudinal members are placed in spatial relation to one another such that actuation of the actuator causes first longitudinal member to move and engage the second longitudinal member whereby the closure enters a closed configuration and the lid is substantially fixedly retained in a closed position.

[0177] In certain additional embodiments, a closure prepared according to principles of the invention will include mechanical interlocking features that are provided exclusively or preferentially at respective ends of the magnetic portions distal to the actuator; i.e., strengthening the end of the closure distal to the actuator against transverse forces.

[0178] Optionally, certain embodiments of the invention will be prepared without any magnets, but with mechanical levers and / or spring elements to affect the requisite opening and closing of the closure.

[0179] In reviewing the foregoing materials, one of skill in the art will appreciate that many of the various mechanical interlock apparatus and / or embodiments of mechanical interlock features will require an actuator configured to produce a requisite state transition between open and closed conditions of the respective closure. Accordingly, for each of the closures expressly taught or suggested above, a corresponding actuator portion will be prepared.

[0180] Certain of these actuator portions will be configured to produce a particular spatial motion, including a particular arrangement of translations, rotations, and / or combinations thereof, most effective to secure the engagement and disengagement of a particular mechanical interlock apparatus and / or a particular embodiment or arrangement of mechanical interlock features.

[0181] Fig. 7A shows, in schematic perspective view, a closure mechanism 700 prepared according to principles of the invention including further details of an exemplary actuator portion 702. The actuator portion 702 includes a plurality of link portions 704, 706, 708. Link portion 704 includes a first plurality of compliant links, e.g., 710, 712, 714 and 716. Link portion 706 includes a second plurality of compliant links, e.g., 718, 720 and 722. Link portion 708 includes a third plurality of compliant links, e.g., 724, 726, 728 and 730.

[0182] As will be understood in light of the discussion above, each of the exemplary links 710-730, identified above, will include a respective substantially rigid member, e.g., 732 with hr st 734 and second 736 hinge portions at respective ends thereof. In the illustrated embodiment of Fig. 7A, the hinge portions 734, 736 are shown as living hinges, integrally molded into the actuator 702.

[0183] In operation, the link portions 704, 706, 708, cooperate to provide a motion with a desirable operational actuation profile for the closure mechanism 700. During this particular exemplary motion, exemplary point 750 follows spatial path motion with respect to a further exemplary point 752 illustrated in Fig. 7B.

[0184] Accordingly, Fig. 7B shows, in schematic form, a path of motion 754 for a particular point 750 with respect to point of the actuator 700 of Fig. 7A. Path 754 includes a first relatively linear region 756 and a 2nd relatively arcuate region 758. Referring to both Fig's 7A and 7B, it will be apparent that this relatively linear region will include a motion primarily along an axis 760 of closure 700, with relatively little motion along a transverse axis 762.

[0185] One of skill in the art, examining Fig. 7A will appreciate that relatively linear region 756 of path 754 will result primarily from the cooperation of link portions 704 and 706 which, having a complementary action, tends to suppress a component of motion in the transverse direction 762. Relatively arcuate region 758 will result primarily from the operation of link portion 708 which produces the illustrated motion having a substantially larger transverse component in transverse direction 762.

[0186] The practitioner of skill in the art will understand that the particular characteristics of the path of motion 754, including its curved and linear portions, are configurable by appropriate selection of the lengths and characteristics including, e.g., elasticity and flexibility, of the various links and hinges.

[0187] Moreover, additional elements, not shown here, will be included in respective embodiments of the invention including integral or discrete elements such as springs and other elastic features, gears, shafts, tensile members, and any other component well adapted to produce a particular rotary, linear, or other path of motion best suited to actuation of a particular interlock or other apparatus of the closure 700.

[0188] In addition, it will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, that the particular path of motion produced will, in many embodiments, be the result of the interaction of the actuator portion with other portions of the closure including, for example, magnetic elements, other members, and other components.

[0189] As such, it will be understood that actuator 702 is merely exemplary of wide variety of actuators which can be employed to facilitate the operation and engagement of respective mechanical interlock portions in respective embodiments of the invention.

[0190] Referring again to Fig's 2A-2D, in certain embodiments, the attractive effect of the magnetic portions with respect to one another will be of trivial or inconsequential magnitude in terms of maintaining closure of the aperture 220 when compared to the interlocking effect of the mechanical interlock portions. That is to say, in such an embodiment, the magnetic portions serve primarily to affect actuation of the coupling and uncoupling of the mechanical interlock portions as to one another.

[0191] In other embodiments of the invention, an alternative actuation mechanism will supplement and / or replace the above-noted magnetic actuation of the coupling and uncoupling of the mechanical interlock portions. Thus, in certain embodiments, an arrangement of mechanical links and / or elastic elements will serve to effect the coupling and uncoupling of the mechanical interlock portions.

[0192] It will also be appreciated that many of the exemplary closures presented above will be adaptable to manufacturing by processes including, for example, injection molding, extrusion, 3D printing and / or other additive processes, machining and / or other subtractive processes, lithographic processes, molding, self-assembly processes, and any other manufacturing process that is known or becomes known in the art to produce the desired apparatus.

[0193] In addition, in the field of injection molding, it will, in certain embodiments, be desirable to form, include or embed magnetic regions in tooling, such as, for example within an injection molding, diecasting, or other die. The presence of such magnetic regions will serve to cause a preloaded magnetic element to assume a desirable position and orientation within the die prior to an injection molding shot of, for example, polymer material.

[0194] It will be appreciated that such magnetic regions may operate cooperatively with other mechanical, adhesive, or other fixturing modalities to facilitate the location of desirable magnetic and / or nonmagnetic preloaded elements within the resulting closure.

[0195] Notwithstanding the number and variety of examples provided above, it should be understood that all of these are merely exemplary of a much wider variety of applications intended to be disclosed herewith.

[0196] While the exemplary embodiments described above have been chosen primarily from the field of human garments, one of skill in the art will appreciate that the principles of the invention are equally well applied, and that the benefits of the present invention are equally well realized in a wide variety of other closure systems including, for example, closures for draperies, doors, packaging, luggage, and any other system having an aperture or other feature suitable for operation by the closure described herewith. Additionally, it is anticipated that apparatus prepared according to principles of the invention will be created at scales varying from the microscopic to the huge, traversing a range of applications from microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) applications to civil engineering applications. Further, while the invention has been described in detail in connection with the presently preferred embodiments, it should be readily understood that the invention is not limited to such disclosed embodiments. Rather, the invention can be modified to incorporate any number of variations, alterations, substitutions, or equivalent arrangements not heretofore described, but which are commensurate with the spiritand scope of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is not to be seen as limited by the foregoing description, but is only limited by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

Claims1. A closure comprising: a first structural member having a first longitudinal axis, a second structural member having a second longitudinal axis, and an actuator mechanism, said actuator mechanism being coupled to respective first ends of said first and second structural members; said first structural member having a first plurality of magnets, said first plurality of magnets having respective magnetic polarities and respective magnetic axes disposed generally transverse to said first longitudinal axis, said respective magnetic polarities being disposed in alternating fashion along said first longitudinal axis; said second structural member having a second plurality of magnets, said second plurality of magnets having respective magnetic polarities and respective magnetic axes disposed generally transverse to said second longitudinal axis, said respective magnetic polarities being disposed in alternating fashion along said second longitudinal axis; said actuator mechanism including a body and a third structural member, said third structural member being coupled to said body and to said first structural member so as, when under an actuating force, to urge said first structural member from a first spatial position into a second spatial position whereby said respective polarities of said first and second pluralities of magnets transition from respective states of mutual attraction to mutual opposition; a first interlock portion, said first interlock portion being coupled to said first structural member; anda second interlock portion, said second interlock portion being coupled to said second structural member, said first and second interlock portions being adapted to mechanically engage with one another so as to substantially fixedly couple said first structural member to said second structural member, and to mechanically disengage from one another as said first and second pluralities of magnets transition from respective states of mutual attraction to mutual opposition.

2. A closure as defined in claim 1 wherein said third structural member is coupled to said body and to said first structural member so as to translate said first structural member from a first spatial position into a second spatial position in a direction generally parallel to said first longitudinal axis.

3. A closure as defined in claim 1 wherein said third structural member is coupled to said body and to said first structural member so as to rotate said first structural member from a first spatial position into a second spatial position in a generally rotational motion around said first longitudinal axis.

4. A closure as defined in claim 1 wherein said first plurality of magnets comprises a plurality of discrete magnets disposed within a discrete structural support member.

5. A closure as defined in claim 1 wherein said first plurality of magnets comprises a plurality of magnetized regions magnetized within an integral structural support member.

6. A closure as defined in claim 1 wherein said plurality of magnets comprises a plurality of discrete magnets coupled to one another in order to form said first structural member.

7. A closure as defined in claim 6 wherein said structural member comprises a plurality of separators disposed respectively between respective pairs of said plurality of discrete magnets.

8. A closure as defined in claim 6 wherein at least one of said plurality of separators comprises at least one elastomeric polymer material.

9. A closure as defined in claim 8 wherein at least one of said plurality of separators comprise at least one molded-in-place elastomeric polymer material.

10. A closure as defined in claim 6 wherein at least one of said plurality of separators comprises a universal joint.

11. A closure as defined in claim 6 wherein at least one of said plurality of separators comprises a generally helical coupling.

12. A closure as defined in claim 6 wherein at least one of said plurality of separators comprises an orienting ball joint.

13. A closure as defined in claim 6 wherein at least one of said plurality of separators comprises an orienting flange.

14. A closure as defined in claim 6 wherein said plurality of separators comprises any combination of one or more separator including an elastomeric polymer material, one or more separator including a molded-in-place elastomeric polymer material, one or more separator including a universal joint, one or more separator including a generally helical coupling, one or more separator including an orienting ball joint, and one or more separator including an orienting flange.

15. A closure as defined in claim 1 wherein said actuator mechanism further comprises an input pedal and an input shaft, said input shaft being operatively coupled between said input pedal and said third structural member, such that an external force applied to a surface region of said input pedal is coupled through said input shaft to said third structural member so as to apply said actuating force to said third structural member.

16. A closure as defined in claim 1 wherein said third structural member comprises a linear link.

17. A closure as defined in claim 1 wherein said third structural member comprises a pivotal link.

18. A closure as defined in claim 1 wherein said third structural member comprises a pinion gear.

19. A closure as defined in claim 1 wherein said third structural member comprises a bell crank.

20. A method of operating a magnetic closure comprising: providing a first plurality of permanent magnets of alternating polarity and a first mechanical interlock feature, said first plurality of permanent magnets being substantially coupled to a first portion of a material disposed adjacent a first side of an aperture; providing a second plurality of permanent magnets of alternating polarity and a second mechanical interlock feature, said second plurality of permanent magnets being substantially coupled to a second portion of said material disposed adjacent a second side of said aperture; disposing said first plurality of magnets in attractive relationship to said second plurality of magnets respectively so as to urge said first portion of said material towards said second portion of said material, thereby urging closure of said aperture and mutual engagement of said first and second mechanical interlock features; and spatially displacing at least one of said first and second pluralities of permanent magnets with respect to said other plurality of permanent magnets, so as to place said first and second pluralities of magnets in opposing relationship, and thereby urge said first portion of said material away from said second portion of said material, thereby urging opening of said aperture and mutual disengagement of said first and second mechanical interlock features.

21. A method of operating a magnetic closure as defined in claim 20, wherein said spatially displacing at least one of said first and second pluralities of magnets comprises translating at least one of said first and second pluralities of magnets along a line.

22. A method of operating a magnetic closure as defined in claim 20, wherein said spatially displacing at least one of said first and second pluralities of magnets comprises translating at least one of said first and second pluralities of magnets along a curve.

23. A method of operating a magnetic closure as defined in claim 20, wherein said spatially displacing at least one of said first and second pluralities of magnets comprises rotating at least one of said first and second pluralities of magnets about a longitudinal axis of said respective plurality of magnets.

24. A method of operating a magnetic closure as defined in claim 23, wherein said longitudinal axis comprises a line segment.

25. A method of operating a magnetic closure as defined in claim 23, wherein said longitudinal axis comprises a curve.

26. A closure device comprising: a first structural member having a first longitudinal axis, a second structural member having a second longitudinal axis, and an actuator mechanism, said actuator mechanism coupled to respective first ends of said first and second structural members; said first structural member having a first plurality of magnets, said first plurality of magnets having respective magnetic polarities and respective magnetic axes disposed generally transverse to said first longitudinal axis, said respective magnetic polarities being disposed in alternating fashion along said first longitudinal axis;said second structural member having a second plurality of magnets, said second plurality of magnets having respective magnetic polarities and respective magnetic axes disposed generally transverse to said second longitudinal axis, said respective magnetic polarities being disposed in alternating fashion along said second longitudinal axis; said actuator mechanism including a body and a third structural member, said third structural member being coupled to said body and to said first structural member so as, when under an actuating force, to urge said first structural member from a first spatial position into a second spatial position whereby said respective polarities of said first and second pluralities of magnets transition from respective states of mutual attraction to mutual opposition; said closure device further including a plurality of mechanical interlock features; and wherein said first and second longitudinal axes define a plane therebetween, and wherein at least one of said first structural member and said second structural member includes at least one flexible element members, said flexible being adapted to allow said first flexible member to flex preferentially in a direction of said plane.

27. A substrate comprising an aperture that can be opened and closed by a closure device, the closure device comprising: a first member comprising a first array of regions of alternating magnetic polarity and a first mechanical coupling feature; a second member comprising a second array of regions of alternating magnetic polarity and a second mechanical coupling feature; the closure device adapted so that to close the aperture the regions of alternating magnetic polarity of the first and second array are shiftable with respect to one another into a magnetically attractive configuration whereby the aperture is forced closed and said first mechanical coupling feature is engaged with said secondmechanical coupling feature, so that to open the aperture the first and second array are shiftable with respect to one another into a magnetically repulsive configuration whereby the aperture is forced open and said first mechanical coupling feature is disengaged from said second mechanical coupling feature.

28. A substrate as defined in claim 27, further comprising an actuator, wherein said actuator permits opening of said aperture without contact by a user with said closure device.

29. A substrate as defined in claim 27, wherein said first and second members are maintained in proximity to one another at one respective end thereof throughout operation of said closure device.

30. A substrate as defined in claim 27, wherein said first and second members are moved in linear fashion with respect to one another during operation of said closure device.

31. A substrate as defined in claim 27, wherein said first member includes a plurality of magnets to establish and maintain said alternating magnetic polarity.

32. A closure comprising: a first structural member having a first longitudinal axis, a second structural member having a second longitudinal axis, and an actuator mechanism, said actuator mechanism being coupled to respective first ends of said first and second structural members; said first structural member having a first plurality of magnets, said first plurality of magnets having respective magnetic polarities and respective magnetic axes disposed generally transverse to said first longitudinal axis; said second structural member having a second plurality of magnets, said second plurality of magnets having respective magnetic polarities and respective magnetic axes disposed generally transverse to said second longitudinal axis;said actuator mechanism including a body and a third structural member, said third structural member being coupled to said body and to said first structural member so as, when under an actuating force, to urge said first structural member from a first spatial position into a second spatial position whereby said respective polarities of said first and second pluralities of magnets transition from respective states of mutual attraction to mutual opposition; a first interlock portion, said first interlock portion being coupled to said first structural member; and a second interlock portion, said second interlock portion being coupled to said second structural member, said first and second interlock portions being adapted to mechanically engage with one another so as to substantially fixedly couple said first structural member to said second structural member, and to mechanically disengage from one another as said first and second pluralities of magnets transition from respective states of mutual attraction to mutual opposition.

Images