Positioning method and apparatus

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a positioning method and apparatus. The method comprises: a terminal device reports positioning-related information to a network-side location management function (LMF), the positioning-related information comprising one or more pieces of first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information, and the indication information including one or more pieces of the following information: first indication information indicating the possibility of the first timing information corresponding to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS); second indication information indicating the reliability of the first timing information corresponding to the LOS; and third indication information indicating a relationship between the first timing information and second timing information.

Description

Positioning method and device Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies. Background Art

[0002] The application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), or AI / ML, to the air interface has been widely researched and applied in academia, industry, and within 3GPP. 3GPP RAN-related working groups have explored numerous AI application cases, one of which is positioning using AI / ML. Using AI / ML techniques can significantly improve positioning accuracy. This research is crucial not only for 5G wireless networks but also for the upcoming 6G wireless networks.

[0003] In this direction, five sub-use cases were studied, which fall into two categories: AI / ML direct positioning and AI / ML assisted positioning. Direct positioning refers to the output of AI / ML as positioning information, while assisted positioning refers to the output of AI / ML as auxiliary information used for positioning:

[0004] AI / ML Direct Targeting:

[0005] Use case 1: UE-based positioning using the UE (User Equipment) side model, which is AI / ML direct positioning.

[0006] Use case 2b: UE-assisted / LMF-based positioning using the LMF (Location Management Function) side model, and AI / ML direct positioning;

[0007] Use case 3b: NG-RAN node-assisted positioning using the LMF side model, which is AI / ML direct positioning;

[0008] AI / ML-assisted positioning:

[0009] Use case 2a: UE-assisted / LMF-based positioning using the UE-side model, which is AI / ML-assisted positioning.

[0010] Use case 3a: NG-RAN node-assisted positioning using the gNB-side model, which is AI / ML-assisted positioning.

[0011] It should be noted that the above introduction to the technical background is merely intended to provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of this application and facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. Simply because these solutions are described in the background technology section of this application, it should not be assumed that the above technical solutions are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0012] Summary of the Invention

[0013] In traditional LMF-based positioning methods, if NG-RAN node-assisted positioning is used, the UE sends an SRS (Sounding Reference Signal) to the gNB, and the gNB performs SRS-based measurements. The measurement results are reported to the LMF in the form of UL-SRS-RSRPP reports or UL-RTOA reports.

[0014] If the LMF-based positioning method is UE-assisted positioning, the gNB sends a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) to the UE, and the UE performs PRS-based measurements. The measurement results are reported to the LMF in the form of DL-PRS-RSRPP reports or DL ​​RSTD reports.

[0015] When AI / ML is applied to positioning, such as in Use Case 2a or Use Case 3a above, the AI / ML model is deployed at the UE or gNB for AI / ML-assisted positioning. Leveraging prior knowledge acquired during the training phase, the AI / ML model can generate timing information for LOS (line-of-sight) or virtual LOS paths, even when only NLOS (non-line-of-sight) paths can be measured. To fully leverage the advantages of the AI / ML model and ensure its performance, some new design considerations are required for traditional methods.

[0016] In response to one or more of the above problems, embodiments of the present application provide a positioning method and apparatus.

[0017] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a positioning method is provided, the method comprising: a terminal device reporting positioning-related information to a network-side location management network element (LMF), the positioning-related information comprising one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information, the indication information comprising one or more of the following information: first indication information indicating the possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line of sight (LOS) or non-line of sight (NLOS); second indication information indicating the reliability that the first timing information corresponds to line of sight (LOS); and third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0018] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a positioning method is provided, the method comprising: a network device reporting positioning-related information to a network-side location management network element (LMF), the positioning-related information comprising one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information, the indication information comprising one or more of the following information: first indication information indicating the possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line of sight (LOS) or non-line of sight (NLOS); second indication information indicating the reliability that the first timing information corresponds to line of sight (LOS); and third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0019] According to the third aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a positioning method is provided, the method comprising: a network-side location management network element (LMF) sends configuration information to a terminal device or a network device, the configuration information being used to configure at least one of the type, content, and format of timing information reported by the terminal device or the network device.

[0020] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a positioning device is provided, which is arranged in a terminal device, and the device includes: a first sending unit, which reports positioning-related information to a network-side location management network element (LMF), wherein the positioning-related information includes one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information, and the indication information includes one or more of the following information: first indication information indicating the possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line of sight (LOS) or non-line of sight (NLOS); second indication information indicating the reliability of the first timing information corresponding to line of sight (LOS); and third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0021] According to a fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a positioning device is provided, comprising: a second sending unit, which reports positioning-related information to a network-side location management network element (LMF), wherein the positioning-related information includes one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information, wherein the indication information includes one or more of the following information: first indication information indicating the possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line of sight (LOS) or non-line of sight (NLOS); second indication information indicating the reliability that the first timing information corresponds to line of sight (LOS); and third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0022] According to the sixth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a positioning device is provided, which is arranged in an LMF, and the device includes: a third sending unit, which sends configuration information to a terminal device or a network device, and the configuration information is used to configure at least one of the type, content, and format of the timing information reported by the terminal device or the network device.

[0023] According to the seventh aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a computer-readable program is provided, wherein when the program is executed in a positioning device or a terminal device, the program causes the positioning device or the terminal device to execute the positioning method described in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application.

[0024] According to an eighth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable program is provided, wherein when the program is executed in a positioning device or a first network device, the program causes the positioning device or the network device to execute the positioning method described in the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] According to the ninth aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable program is provided, wherein when the program is executed in a positioning device or a second network device, the program enables the positioning device or LMF to execute the positioning method described in the third aspect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] According to the tenth aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a storage medium storing a computer-readable program is provided, wherein the computer-readable program enables a positioning device or a terminal device to execute the positioning method described in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application.

[0027] According to an eleventh aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a storage medium storing a computer-readable program is provided, wherein the computer-readable program enables a positioning device or a network device to execute the positioning method described in the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application.

[0028] According to the twelfth aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a storage medium storing a computer-readable program is provided, wherein the computer-readable program enables the positioning device or LMF to execute the positioning method described in the third aspect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] One of the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application is that: the terminal device or network device reports positioning-related information including one or more first timing information and related indication information to the LMF, and the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information indicating the possibility of LOS or NLOS, the second indication information indicating the reliability of LOS, and the third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information. Thus, a new design is made for the traditional positioning method, fully utilizing the advantages of the AI / ML model, providing richer information for the positioning of the LMF, and improving the positioning accuracy.

[0030] With reference to the following description and accompanying drawings, specific embodiments of the present application are disclosed in detail, indicating the manner in which the principles of the present application can be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not limited in scope. Within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, the embodiments of the present application include many variations, modifications and equivalents.

[0031] Features described and / or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, combined with features in other embodiments, or substituted for features in other embodiments.

[0032] It should be emphasized that the term "include / comprising" when used herein refers to the presence of features, integers, steps or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The elements and features described in one figure or one embodiment of the present application can be combined with the elements and features shown in one or more other figures or embodiments. In addition, in the accompanying drawings, similar reference numerals represent corresponding parts in several figures and can be used to indicate corresponding parts used in more than one embodiment.

[0034] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a LOS path and a NLOS path from a TRP to a UE;

[0036] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a typical layout of an indoor factory;

[0037] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an AI / ML model or function used for AI / ML-assisted positioning;

[0039] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a situation according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a positioning method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG9 is a diagram illustrating the signaling interaction between terminal-side AI / ML capability-related indication information and LMF in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG10 is an interaction diagram between the LMF, network device, and terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG11 is another schematic diagram of the positioning method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG12 is a diagram illustrating the signaling interaction between network-side AI / ML capability-related indication information and LMF according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG13 is another diagram of interaction between the LMF, network device, and terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG14 is another schematic diagram of the positioning method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a positioning device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG16 is another schematic diagram of the positioning device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG17 is another schematic diagram of a positioning device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG18 is a schematic block diagram of a system structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG19 is a schematic block diagram of a system structure of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG20 is another schematic block diagram of the system structure of the network device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The above and other features of the present application will become apparent through the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description and the accompanying drawings, specific embodiments of the present application are disclosed in detail, which illustrate some embodiments in which the principles of the present application can be adopted. It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the described embodiments. On the contrary, the present application includes all modifications, variations and equivalents that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0055] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish different elements from the name, but do not indicate the spatial arrangement or temporal order of these elements, and these elements should not be limited by these terms. The term "and / or" includes any one and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed terms. The terms "comprising", "including", "having", etc. refer to the presence of the stated features, elements, components or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components or components.

[0056] In the embodiments of this application, the singular forms "a," "the," etc. include plural forms and should be broadly understood to mean "a" or "a type" rather than being limited to "one." Furthermore, the term "said" should be understood to include both singular and plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, the term "according to" should be understood to mean "at least in part based on...", and the term "based on" should be understood to mean "at least in part based on...", unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "communication network" or "wireless communication network" may refer to a network that complies with any of the following communication standards, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), enhanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A, LTE-Advanced), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), etc.

[0058] Furthermore, communication between devices in the communication system may be carried out according to communication protocols of any stage, for example, including but not limited to the following communication protocols: 1G (generation), 2G, 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G, 4G, 4.5G and 5G, 5G-Advanced, New Radio (NR), future 6G, etc., and / or other communication protocols currently known or to be developed in the future.

[0059] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "network device" refers to, for example, a device in a communication system that connects a terminal device to the communication network and provides services to the terminal device. Network devices may include, but are not limited to, the following devices: base station (BS), access point (AP), transmission reception point (TRP), broadcast transmitter, mobile management entity (MME), gateway, server, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), etc.

[0060] Base stations may include, but are not limited to, NodeBs (NBs), evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs or eNBs), and 5G base stations (gNBs), central processing units (CUs), distributed processing units (DUs), and the like. They may also include remote radio heads (RRHs), remote radio units (RRUs), relays, or low-power nodes (e.g., femetos, pico nodes, etc.). The term "base station" may include some or all of these functions, and each base station may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. The term "cell" may refer to a base station and / or its coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present application, "network equipment" may also include network equipment or network elements of the core network and / or higher-layer networks. For example, the core network includes EPC (corresponding to the 4G core network) and / or 5GC (corresponding to the 5G core network);

[0062] EPC includes but is not limited to the following network elements: MME (Mobility Management Entity), SGW (Serving Gateway), PGW (PDN Gateway), PCRF (Policy and Charging Rules Function), etc.

[0063] 5GC includes but is not limited to the following network elements: AMF (The Access and Mobility Management function), LMF (Location Management Function), SMF (The Session Management function), UPF (The User plane function), PCF (The Policy Control Function), UDM (The Unified Data Management), AUSF (The Authentication Server Function), UDR (The Unified Data Repository), etc.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, LMF (Location Management Function) refers to the core network element in 5GC that provides control plane positioning, completes the calculation and feedback of location information in the 5G network, and provides functions such as positioning process management, terminal capability acquisition, auxiliary data provision, and terminal position estimation.

[0065] The embodiments of the present application do not clearly distinguish between relevant network elements used for positioning services, such as location server, location service server, LMF and other network elements. In the embodiments of the present application, these positioning-related core network elements are uniformly referred to as location management network elements, which can be abbreviated as LMF.

[0066] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "user equipment" (UE) or "terminal equipment" (TE) refers to, for example, a device that accesses a communication network through a network device and receives network services. A terminal device can be fixed or mobile and may also be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a terminal, a subscriber station (SS), an access terminal (AT), a station, and so on.

[0067] Terminal devices may include but are not limited to the following devices: cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wireless modems, wireless communication devices, handheld devices, machine-type communication devices, laptop computers, cordless phones, smartphones, smart watches, digital cameras, etc.

[0068] For another example, in scenarios such as the Internet of Things (IoT), the terminal device can also be a machine or device for monitoring or measurement, including but not limited to: machine type communication (MTC) terminal, vehicle-mounted communication terminal, device-to-device (D2D) terminal, machine-to-machine (M2M) terminal, and so on.

[0069] In addition, the term "network side" or "network device side" refers to one side of the network, which can be a base station or one or more network devices as described above. The term "user side" or "terminal side" or "terminal device side" refers to the user or terminal side, which can be a UE or one or more terminal devices as described above. Unless otherwise specified herein, "device" can refer to either network equipment or terminal equipment.

[0070] The following describes the scenarios of the embodiments of the present application through examples, but the present application is not limited thereto.

[0071] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG1 , the communication system 100 may include a network device 101, an LMF 102, and a terminal device 103. For simplicity, FIG1 only illustrates one terminal device and one network device as an example, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present application, the network device 101 is, for example, a base station, such as a gNB;

[0073] LMF 102 is, for example, a core network element or server related to positioning, called a location management element.

[0074] In various air interface applications of AI / ML, for AI / ML models deployed on the terminal device 103 (UE) or the network device (gNB), functionality can be used to define the tasks that the AI / ML needs to complete and indirectly determine the capabilities and conditions that support the AI / ML model. For example, functionality can be considered to be defined by the lower-level concept of feature or feature group.

[0075] On the other hand, the positioning function of AI / ML may be implemented by one or more models. The specific method has no direct relationship with the embodiments of the present application, so no special distinction is made.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, existing services or future services can be transmitted between the network device 101 and the terminal device 102. For example, these services may include, but are not limited to, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communication (mMTC), and ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC), etc.

[0077] In the embodiments of the present application, the high-layer signaling may be, for example, radio resource control (RRC) signaling; for example, an RRC message, including, for example, MIB, system information, or a dedicated RRC message; or an RRC information element (RRC IE). The high-layer signaling may also be, for example, MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling; or a MAC control element (MAC CE). However, the present application is not limited thereto.

[0078] A challenging scenario for NR-based positioning or other 3GPP network-based positioning is the lack of a LOS (line-of-sight) path. The transmission signal from the TRP (Transmission and Reception Point) dedicated to positioning (such as DL PRS or UL PRS) may not have a direct path to the UE. The NLOS (non-line-of-sight) path plays a dominant role in the radio channel from the TRP to the UE. Traditional positioning algorithms have difficulty estimating the distance between the transmitter (TRP) and the receiver (UE). Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the LOS path and the NLOS path from the TRP to the UE. As shown in Figure 2, it is obvious that the distance of the NLOS path is longer than that of the NOS path, which leads to positioning errors in traditional methods.

[0079] This problem becomes severe in many indoor scenarios, such as IIoT indoor factories (InF, Table 6-1 in TR 38.857). Figure 3 illustrates a typical layout of an indoor factory. As shown in Figure 3, there are 18 Transmitter Relays (TRPs) within an indoor area measuring 120 x 60 m. Due to the presence of clutter, when radio waves are transmitted between the TRPs and the UE, numerous non-local operating system (NLOS) paths are generated from the TRPs to the UE. Furthermore, the large space of the indoor factory can cause propagation delays along NLOS paths to be much longer than those along LOS paths, resulting in significant timing errors.

[0080] As shown in Figure 3, channel measurements based on positioning reference signals from each TRP are input into the AI / ML model. The measurements of each TRP show the characteristics of the radio channel between the TRP and the receiving UE in the case of DL PRS, or between the UE and the receiving TRP in the case of UL SRS.

[0081] If the TRPs are numbered from 1 to 18, there will be 18 channel measurements associated with the model input. It should be noted that the case of multiple antennas or beams is ignored here, and it is assumed that the radio propagation from one TRP to the terminal device belongs to one channel. These channel measurements can be regarded as an input radio fingerprint, or multiple input fingerprints. During the training phase, the PRU (positioning reference unit) can be used to generate channel measurements associated with the model input, as well as generate location information corresponding to the fingerprints of these measurements. The location information is used as the ground truth label of the model output and is trained together with the model input. It can be assumed that the PRUs are deployed in a high density in the factory building (as a layout), or can move within the factory building and pass through almost any area. Therefore, the AI / ML model has prior knowledge of the location information and its corresponding fingerprint input.

[0082] During the model inference phase, a UE at a certain location inputs its measurement results, a fingerprint, into the AI / ML model. Based on the fingerprint knowledge acquired during the training process, the model can directly generate location information. This fingerprint positioning mapping can overcome positioning errors caused by NLOS, thereby significantly improving positioning accuracy.

[0083] In addition to timing information, the model can also output timing-related indication information. The specific implementation method will not be further analyzed and falls within the scope of AI / ML implementation.

[0084] As mentioned earlier, five sub-use cases are currently being studied, including Use Case 1 (case1), Use Case 2b (case2b), and Use Case 3b for AI / ML direct positioning; and Use Case 2a (case2a) and Use Case 3a (case3a) for AI / ML assisted positioning.

[0085] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present application.

[0086] As shown in Figure 4(a), which corresponds to the above-mentioned use case 2a, the AI / ML model is deployed at the UE for AI / ML-assisted positioning. The UE receives the PRS from the gNB and uses the AI / ML model to output PRS-based measurements, which are then sent to the LMF for positioning.

[0087] As shown in Figure 4(b), which corresponds to the scenario described in Use Case 3a above, the AI / ML model is deployed at the gNB for AI / ML-assisted positioning. The gNB receives the SRS from the UE and uses the AI / ML model to output SRS-based measurements, which are then sent to the LMF for positioning.

[0088] The inventors have found that conventional DL TDOA or UL RTOA supports outputting timing information of the first path and corresponding LOS / NLOS indication information. This information can be represented by binary values ​​or multiple values ​​(soft information values).

[0089] Specifically, the LOS / NLOS indicator is defined as the probability that the propagation path from sender to receiver is line-of-sight. When used as a binary value, it is either 0 or 1, with 0 corresponding to false and 1 corresponding to true. When using soft information metrics, it is a value ranging from 0 to 1 with a granularity of 0.1, where 1 corresponds to LOS and 0 corresponds to NLOS.

[0090] When AI / ML is used for positioning, for example, the AI / ML model is deployed on the terminal device to implement the positioning function, as shown in Figure 4 (a).

[0091] During the training phase, the AI / ML model or function on the terminal device side can be trained using data from the positioning reference unit (PRU). PRU can usually provide two types of data: one is channel measurement data based on the positioning reference signal related to the input information of the AI / ML model or function on the terminal device side, and the other is the location information corresponding to the input. During the data processing of training, the location information of the PRU can be further combined with the location information of each TRP to calculate the propagation delay information of the corresponding line of sight. The information can be further used to derive the corresponding ground truth based on the category of the output time information of the model for model training. In addition, the traditional method of LOS / NLOS indicator can continue to be used as the line of sight degree indication information related to time information.

[0092] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an AI / ML model or function used for AI / ML-assisted positioning. As shown in Figure 5, channel measurement results associated with multiple TRPs are input to the AI / ML model or function, and intermediate positioning measurement results are output.

[0093] However, for the following situations that may occur, the output of AI / ML models or functions requires further design.

[0094] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a scenario in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, when training the AI / ML model, the input information and location information of the known PRU (positioning reference unit) can be used to generate relevant timing information. The timing information can be directly derived by obtaining the LOS distance using the TPR and PRU location information. When the model is running in the actual network, the UE's location may be inconsistent with the PRU position in training, and may be between two or more reference PRUs, so that the model may output multiple timing information.

[0095] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 7, the terminal's actual location has line-of-sight (LOS). The timing of the AI / ML model's predicted LOS output may be close to or even identical to the timing of the positioning reference signal measurement information input to the model or the LOS timing inferred from non-AI / ML measurements, that is, there is a certain relationship between the two.

[0096] Furthermore, when AI / ML models are deployed on network devices to implement positioning functions, as shown in Figure 4(b), the network equipment configures a terminal device to transmit an SRS as a positioning reference signal. Due to the symmetry of the air interface channel, the SRS signal will experience similar LOS and NLOS paths as the PRS signal. The AI / ML model or function on the base station side will also face similar issues as described above.

[0097] The following describes the solution of the embodiment of the present application in detail. It should be noted that in the following embodiments, the terminal device may correspond to the UE described above, the network device may correspond to the gNB described above, and the LMF has the same meaning. The types of timing information estimated based on AI / ML in the following embodiments are defined in the same way as the types of timing information currently obtained based on traditional methods.

[0098] Embodiments of the first aspect

[0099] The present invention provides a positioning method, which is described from the perspective of a terminal device. In addition, the method can be applied to the scenario shown in FIG4 (a).

[0100] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a positioning method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG8 , the method includes:

[0101] 801: The terminal device reports positioning-related information to the location management network element (LMF) on the network side.

[0102] In some embodiments, the report is associated with the activation or operation of the AI / ML function or model of the terminal device, and the content of the report is generated based on the output of the operation of the AI / ML function or model.

[0103] In some embodiments, the positioning related information includes one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first timing information refers to predicted timing information for line of sight (LOS) generated by an AI / ML function or model. The AI / ML function can output timing information for line of sight regardless of whether a line of sight path exists. The accuracy of this information is a consideration for AI performance.

[0105] For example, referring to (a) in FIG4 , a terminal device (UE) receives a PRS from a network device (gNB), inputs the PRS into an AI / ML function or model, and outputs predicted timing information for line of sight (LOS).

[0106] In some embodiments, the first timing information is first path time information traversed by a positioning reference signal from a TRP of a network device to the terminal device, and the first path information refers to line-of-sight (LOS) path time information.

[0107] In some embodiments, the terminal device may report one or more first timing information for one TRP, or may report one or more first timing information corresponding to each TRP for multiple TRPs.

[0108] For example, as shown in Figure 6, when the AI / ML function or model is running in the actual network, the location of the terminal device may be inconsistent with the PRU position in training, and may be between two or more reference PRUs. In this way, the AI / ML function or model can output the corresponding time of one or more possible LOS. In particular, when the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the positioning signal is low, it is more advantageous for the AI / ML function or model to output the time information corresponding to multiple PRUs adjacent to the terminal device for one TRP. Because multiple TRPs are deployed in the environment where the terminal device is located, the AI / ML function or model can output corresponding first timing information to the LMF respectively. The LMF can use this rich information to make more comprehensive location information inferences.

[0109] In some embodiments, the indication information related to the first timing information includes one or more of the following information:

[0110] first indication information indicating a possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS);

[0111] second indication information indicating reliability of the first timing information corresponding to line of sight (LOS);

[0112] Third indication information indicating a relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0113] In some embodiments, the first indication information indicates the degree of line-of-sight possibility, indicating whether the corresponding time information is closer to line-of-sight or non-line-of-sight.

[0114] In some embodiments, the possibility that the first timing information indicated by the first indication information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS) is represented by binary information or multi-value information (soft information value).

[0115] For example, binary information is 0 or 1, and multi-value information is a numerical value from 0 to 1, where a larger numerical value indicates a higher probability.

[0116] In some embodiments, the reliability of the first timing information corresponding to line-of-sight (LOS) indicated by the second indication information refers to the confidence or accuracy of the first timing information being timing information corresponding to a line-of-sight (LOS) path.

[0117] For example, the confidence level is represented by a numerical value from 0 to 1, or by a numerical value from 1 to N, where N is 99 or other integer values, wherein the higher the numerical value corresponding to the confidence level, the more reliable the first timing information corresponding to the line of sight is.

[0118] In some embodiments, the third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information is used to indicate the degree of proximity or consistency between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0119] In some embodiments, the second timing information refers to line-of-sight (LOS) timing information determined based on a non-AI / ML method, for example, timing information based on PRS measurement information or LOS timing information inferred from non-AI / ML measurements.

[0120] In some embodiments, the proximity is measured using binary information or multi-value information.

[0121] For example, the binary information is 0 or 1, "1" indicates that the first timing information completely or basically coincides (is consistent) with the second timing information, or that the first timing information completely or basically coincides with the second timing information at the corresponding sampling interval; for example, consistency here means consistency at the sampling resolution corresponding to the measurement information; "0" indicates that the first timing information is inconsistent with the second timing information or there is a certain distance between them.

[0122] For example, the multi-value information is a value between 0 and 1, for example, the granularity can be 0.1. A larger value indicates a higher degree of closeness, and a smaller value indicates a lower degree of closeness. This allows for a more detailed description of the temporal distance or consistency between the two.

[0123] As shown in Figure 7, the actual location of the terminal equipment (UE) has a line-of-sight (LOS), and the timing (first timing information) output by the AI / ML function or model for its predicted LOS may be consistent with the timing of the PRS measurement information input by the AI / ML function or model or the LOS timing (second timing information) inferred by non-AI / ML measurements. In this case, a third indication information is introduced to indicate the consistency of the timing information (first timing information) and other related information corresponding to the path output by the AI / ML function or model with the timing information corresponding to the path input by the AI / ML function or model, or the path timing information (second timing information) detected by the non-AI / ML model. In this way, if the consistency is 1 or close to 1, the accuracy of the first timing information is mutually confirmed by the AI ​​and non-AI, and thus the reliability of the timing is very high. When the value is 0 or close to 0, it means that the timing estimated by the AI ​​corresponds to a virtual line of sight. The accuracy of this timing needs to be further indicated based on the line-of-sight reliability information.

[0124] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0125] The terminal device determines whether to report one or more first timing information.

[0126] In some embodiments, the terminal device determines whether to report one or more first timing information according to the reliability value of the first timing information indicated by the second indication information or the possibility value that the first timing information corresponds to the line of sight indicated by the first indication information;

[0127] For example, when the reliability value of one first timing information indicated by the second indication information is greater than or equal to the reliability reference value, the one first timing information is reported; when the reliability values ​​of multiple first timing information indicated by the second indication information are all less than the reliability reference value, the multiple first timing information are reported.

[0128] In some embodiments, the reliability reference value is determined by the terminal device itself, or is determined by the terminal device according to relevant configuration information from the network side location management network element, or is determined by predefinition;

[0129] For example, when the possibility that one of the first timing information indicated by the first indication information corresponds to the line of sight is greater than or equal to the possibility reference value, the one first timing information is reported; when the possibility that multiple first timing information indicated by the first indication information correspond to the line of sight is less than the possibility reference value, the multiple first timing information are reported.

[0130] In some embodiments, the possibility reference value is determined by the terminal device itself, or determined by the terminal device based on relevant configuration information from the network side location management network element, or determined by predefinition.

[0131] For example, when the channel-related quality is greater than the quality metric value, the one piece of first timing information is reported; when the channel-related quality is less than the metric value, the multiple pieces of first timing information are reported.

[0132] In some embodiments, the quality metric value is determined by relevant configuration information of a location management network element on the network side, or is determined by predefinition, or is determined by the terminal device itself.

[0133] In some embodiments, the terminal device determines to report one or more first timing information based on a configuration instruction from the network-side location management network element.

[0134] In some embodiments, the terminal device determines to report one or more first timing information based on the capabilities of its AI / ML model or function for positioning.

[0135] In some embodiments, the terminal device determines to report one or more first timing information based on a channel-related quality metric between the network device (eg, TRP) and the terminal device.

[0136] The channel-related quality metric refers to the channel quality information about the network device (eg, TRP), and the channel quality may be SINR, RSRP, etc. of the positioning channel.

[0137] The channel quality related metric may be determined by the terminal device itself or given by LMF configuration.

[0138] For example, when the channel quality is better than the metric value, only one piece of first timing information is reported; otherwise, two or more pieces of first timing information corresponding to LOS are reported.

[0139] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0140] The terminal device determines that the indication information reported includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information.

[0141] In some embodiments, the terminal device determines, based at least on the capability of the AI / ML model configured on the terminal device side, that the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information;

[0142] For example, the terminal device determines that the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information based on the capabilities of the AI / ML model set on the terminal device side and other positioning capabilities.

[0143] In some embodiments, the terminal device determines, based on the configuration of the network-side location management network element, that the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

[0144] In some embodiments, the performance of an AI / ML model or function needs to be monitored.

[0145] For the auxiliary positioning function of the AI / ML model or function on the terminal side, the performance monitoring of the AI / ML model or function can be performed by LMF.

[0146] For example, one method is for the LMF to configure the AI / ML model or function of the terminal device and report one, or two or more first timing information, and one or more of the related first indication information, second indication information, or third indication information. Based on these reports, the LMF determines the performance of the AI / ML model or function on the terminal side.

[0147] In particular, for performance monitoring of AI / ML models or functions, the output of multiple timing information for line-of-sight and multi-dimensional indication information by the AI / ML model or function facilitates LMF to make more comprehensive and reliable judgments on the performance of the AI / ML model or function. This is particularly important for performance monitoring of positioning AI / ML models or functions, as ground truth location information of terminal devices is usually not available.

[0148] In some embodiments, the reporting of the positioning related information is configured or specified by the network side location management network element, and the reporting of the positioning related information can be used to monitor the AI / ML model or function.

[0149] The reporting of the positioning related information includes reporting one or more first timing information, and reporting one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

[0150] For example, the configuration of the network side location management network element includes configuring the terminal device to report the first timing information, the second timing information, and one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information based on the monitoring requirements of the terminal device side model.

[0151] In some embodiments, the indication information determined to be reported by predefinition includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

[0152] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8 , the method further includes:

[0153] 802: The terminal device sends AI / ML capability-related information to the location management network element on the network side.

[0154] For example, the AI / ML capability-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0155] Output information of the AI / ML model on the terminal device;

[0156] Information instructing the terminal device to report timing information related to line of sight;

[0157] Indicates that the indication information reported by the terminal device includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information.

[0158] In some embodiments, the capabilities of the AI / ML model or function on the terminal side need to interact with the LMF, and the operation of the AI / ML model or function also requires related activation signaling or activation process to be implemented.

[0159] Figure 9 is a diagram of the signaling interaction between the terminal-side AI / ML capability-related indication information and LMF in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 9, the interaction process between the terminal-side AI / ML capability-related indication information and LMF may include:

[0160] Step 1: LMF requests positioning-related capability information from the terminal device;

[0161] Step 2: For terminal devices with AI / ML models or functions, they can indicate that they have AI / ML capabilities during the capability indication procedure.

[0162] In one case, the capability request message in step 1 inquires about AI / ML-related capability information, and the terminal responds accordingly. In another case, the terminal device responds to the LMF query for a certain positioning method and responds whether the positioning method is supported and whether it can be implemented by the AI / ML model or function.

[0163] In some embodiments, the interaction process may further include:

[0164] Step 3: The terminal device may further report based on the output of its AI / ML model or function. These reports can be feedback reports based on LMF queries or proactive reports.

[0165] For example, the terminal device can report its relevant AI / ML capabilities to the LMF in NR-DL-TDOA-ProvideCapabilities, including information related to the AI / ML model or function output.

[0166] For example, information related to AI / ML output includes at least one of the following:

[0167] Output one or more timed capability indications for line-of-sight;

[0168] Output LOS / NLOS possibility indication information for line-of-sight timing information;

[0169] Output LOS reliability capability indication information for line-of-sight timing information;

[0170] Ability indication information for outputting an indication of consistency between AI timing and non-AI timing for line-of-sight timing information,

[0171] The capability indication information further includes: indicating the type of timing information, and / or the format for reporting the indication information.

[0172] For example, the types of timing information indicated include DL RSTD, UE Rx-Tx time difference, DL TOA, multi-RTT, etc.

[0173] For example, the format of the indication information includes whether the indication information is represented as binary value or multi-value (soft information).

[0174] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8 , the method further includes:

[0175] 803: The terminal device receives positioning reporting configuration information related to the AI / ML function or model from the network-side location management network element.

[0176] The positioning reporting configuration information includes at least one of reporting type indication information, reporting content indication information, reporting content format indication information, and reporting performance requirement related information.

[0177] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8 , the method further includes:

[0178] 804: The terminal device determines, based on the positioning reporting configuration information, the format and content of reporting one or more first timing information and indication information related to the timing information.

[0179] For example, the terminal device determines whether to report one or more first timing information based on the positioning reporting configuration information, determines whether the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information, and determines the format for reporting these contents.

[0180] In some embodiments, operations 802 to 804 are optional operations.

[0181] Figure 10 is an interaction diagram between the LMF, network device, and terminal device in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 10, the interaction process includes:

[0182] Step 1: The terminal device sends AI / ML capability-related information to the LMF;

[0183] Step 2: The terminal device receives positioning reporting configuration information related to AI / ML functions or models from the LMF;

[0184] Step 3: The terminal device determines the format and content of reporting one or more first timing information and indication information related to the timing information according to the positioning reporting configuration information;

[0185] Step 4: The terminal device receives the PRS from the network device;

[0186] Step 5: The terminal device inputs the received PRS information into the AI / ML model or function, and outputs one or more first timing information;

[0187] Step 6: The terminal device reports positioning-related information to the LMF, including one or more first timing information and related indication information;

[0188] Step 7: LMF monitors the AI / ML functions or models on the terminal device side based on the positioning-related information.

[0189] It is worth noting that Figures 8 to 10 above are merely schematic illustrations of the embodiments of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. For example, the execution order of the various operations may be appropriately adjusted, and other operations may be added or some operations may be reduced. Those skilled in the art may make appropriate modifications based on the above content, and are not limited to the descriptions of Figures 8 to 10 above.

[0190] It should also be noted that the above embodiments describe the configuration of reporting location measurement information related to the AI / ML model or function output on the terminal side, the reporting information, and the process description of possible positioning capability interaction. These signaling and processes can be based on the LPP procedure (TS 37.355) and implemented with corresponding enhanced designs.

[0191] The embodiments of the above application scenarios are merely exemplary of the embodiments of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto. Appropriate modifications may be made based on the embodiments of the above application scenarios. For example, the embodiments of the above application scenarios may be used individually, or one or more of the embodiments of the above application scenarios may be combined.

[0192] It can be seen from the above embodiment that the terminal device or network device reports positioning-related information including one or more first timing information and related indication information to the LMF, and the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information indicating the possibility of LOS or NLOS, the second indication information indicating the reliability of LOS, and the third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information. Thus, a new design is made for the traditional positioning method, which fully utilizes the advantages of the AI / ML model, provides richer information for the positioning of the LMF, and improves the positioning accuracy.

[0193] Embodiments of the second aspect

[0194] The present application provides a positioning method, which is described from the perspective of a network device. Furthermore, the method can be applied to the scenario shown in (b) of FIG4 . The positioning method on the network device side is similar to the positioning method on the terminal device side described in the embodiment of the first aspect. For related details, please refer to the specific description of the embodiment of the first aspect.

[0195] FIG11 is another schematic diagram of a positioning method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG11 , the method includes:

[0196] 1101: The network device reports positioning-related information to the location management network element (LMF) on the network side.

[0197] In some embodiments, the report is associated with activation or operation of an AI / ML function or model of the network device, and the content of the report is generated based on the output of the AI / ML function or model.

[0198] In some embodiments, the positioning related information includes one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information.

[0199] For example, during the uplink process, the SRS sent by the terminal device may be received by TRPs belonging to multiple network devices (base stations). Each network device will input the signal received on the TRP belonging to it into the AI / ML model or function on the network device side after relevant processing, and generate corresponding timing information output and related indication information output. It should be noted that a network device can contain multiple cells, and each cell can contain multiple TRPs. It can also be equivalently considered that a network device contains multiple TRPs.

[0200] In some embodiments, the type of timing information output by the AI / ML model or function on the network device side is different from the type of timing information output by the terminal, for example, it can be UL-RTOA, UL TOA, gNB Rx-Tx time difference, multi-RTT, etc.

[0201] In some embodiments, the first timing information refers to predicted timing information for line of sight (LOS) generated by an AI / ML function or model.

[0202] For example, referring to (b) in FIG4 , the network device (UE) receives an SRS from a network device (gNB), inputs the SRS into an AI / ML function or model, and outputs predicted timing information for line of sight (LOS).

[0203] In some embodiments, the first timing information is first path time information traversed by a positioning reference signal from the network device to the network device, and the first path information is line-of-sight (LOS) path time information.

[0204] In some embodiments, the network device may report one or more first timing information.

[0205] In some embodiments, the indication information related to the first timing information includes one or more of the following information:

[0206] first indication information indicating a possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS);

[0207] second indication information indicating reliability of the first timing information corresponding to line of sight (LOS);

[0208] Third indication information indicating a relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0209] In some embodiments, the first indication information indicates the degree of line-of-sight possibility, indicating whether the corresponding time information is closer to line-of-sight or non-line-of-sight.

[0210] In some embodiments, the possibility that the first timing information indicated by the first indication information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS) is represented by binary information or multi-value information (soft information value).

[0211] For example, binary information is 0 or 1, and multi-value information is a numerical value from 0 to 1, where a larger numerical value indicates a higher probability.

[0212] In some embodiments, the reliability of the first timing information corresponding to the line-of-sight (LOS) indicated by the second indication information refers to: the confidence that the first timing information is the timing information corresponding to the line-of-sight (LOS) path,

[0213] For example, the confidence level is represented by a numerical value from 0 to 1, or by a numerical value from 1 to N, where N is 99 or other integer values, wherein the higher the numerical value corresponding to the confidence level, the more reliable the first timing information corresponding to the line of sight is.

[0214] In some embodiments, the third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information is used to indicate the degree of proximity or consistency between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0215] In some embodiments, the second timing information refers to line-of-sight (LOS) timing information determined based on a non-AI / ML method, for example, timing information based on SRS measurement information or LOS timing information inferred from non-AI / ML measurements.

[0216] In some embodiments, the proximity is measured using binary information or multi-value information.

[0217] For example, the binary information is 0 or 1, "1" indicates that the first timing information completely or basically coincides (is consistent) with the second timing information, or that the first timing information completely or basically coincides with the second timing information at the corresponding sampling interval; for example, consistency here means consistency at the sampling resolution corresponding to the measurement information; "0" indicates that the first timing information is inconsistent with the second timing information or there is a certain distance between them.

[0218] For example, the multi-value information is a value between 0 and 1, for example, the granularity can be 0.1. A larger value indicates a higher degree of closeness, and a smaller value indicates a lower degree of closeness. This allows for a more detailed description of the temporal distance or consistency between the two.

[0219] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0220] The network device determines whether to report one or more first timing information.

[0221] In some embodiments, the network device determines whether to report one or more first timing information based on a reliability value of the first timing information indicated by the second indication information or a possibility value that the first timing information corresponds to line of sight indicated by the first indication information;

[0222] For example, when the reliability value of one first timing information indicated by the second indication information is greater than or equal to the reliability reference value, the one first timing information is reported; when the reliability values ​​of multiple first timing information indicated by the second indication information are all less than the reliability reference value, the multiple first timing information are reported.

[0223] In some embodiments, the reliability reference value is determined by the network device itself, or is determined by the network device according to relevant configuration information from the network side location management network element, or is determined by predefinition;

[0224] For example, when the possibility that one of the first timing information indicated by the first indication information corresponds to the line of sight is greater than or equal to the possibility reference value, the one first timing information is reported; when the possibility that multiple first timing information indicated by the first indication information correspond to the line of sight is less than the possibility reference value, the multiple first timing information are reported.

[0225] In some embodiments, the possibility reference value is determined by the network device itself, or determined by the network device based on relevant configuration information from a location management network element on the network side, or determined by predefinition.

[0226] For example, when the channel-related quality is greater than the quality metric value, the one piece of first timing information is reported; when the channel-related quality is less than the metric value, the multiple pieces of first timing information are reported.

[0227] In some embodiments, the quality metric value is determined by relevant configuration information of a location management network element on the network side, or is determined by predefinition, or is determined by the terminal device itself.

[0228] In some embodiments, the network device determines to report one or more first timing information according to a configuration instruction from the location management network element on the network side.

[0229] In some embodiments, the network device determines to report one or more first timing information based on the capabilities of its AI / ML model or function for positioning.

[0230] In some embodiments, the network device determines to report one or more first timing information based on a channel-related quality metric between the network device (eg, TRP) and the terminal device.

[0231] The channel-related quality metric refers to the channel quality information about the network device (eg, TRP), and the channel quality may be SINR, RSRP, etc. of the positioning channel.

[0232] The channel quality related metric may be determined by the network device itself or configured by the LMF.

[0233] For example, when the channel quality is better than the metric value, only one piece of first timing information is reported; otherwise, two or more pieces of first timing information corresponding to LOS are reported.

[0234] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0235] The network device determines that the indication information reported includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

[0236] In some embodiments, the network device determines, based at least on the capability of an AI / ML model configured on the network device side, that the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information;

[0237] For example, the network device determines that the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information based on the capabilities of the AI / ML model set on the network device side and other positioning capabilities.

[0238] In some embodiments, the network device determines, based on the configuration of the network-side location management network element, that the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

[0239] In some embodiments, the performance of an AI / ML model or function needs to be monitored.

[0240] For the auxiliary positioning function of the AI / ML model or function on the network side, the performance monitoring of the AI / ML model or function can be performed by LMF.

[0241] For example, one method involves the LMF configuring the AI / ML model or function of a network device to report one, or two or more, first timing information, and related first indication information, second indication information, or third indication information. Based on these reports, the LMF determines the performance of the AI / ML model or function on the network side.

[0242] In particular, for performance monitoring of AI / ML models or functions, the output of multiple timing information for line-of-sight and multi-dimensional indication information by the AI / ML model or function facilitates LMF's more comprehensive and reliable assessment of the performance of the AI / ML model or function. This is particularly important for performance monitoring of positioning-based AI / ML models or functions, as ground truth location information for network devices is often unavailable.

[0243] In some embodiments, the reporting of the positioning related information is configured or specified by the network side location management network element, and the reporting of the positioning related information can be used to monitor the AI / ML model or function.

[0244] The reporting of the positioning related information includes reporting one or more first timing information, and reporting one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

[0245] For example, the configuration of the network side location management network element includes configuring the network device to report the first timing information, the second timing information, and one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information based on the monitoring requirements of the network device side model.

[0246] In some embodiments, the indication information determined to be reported by predefinition includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

[0247] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11 , the method further includes:

[0248] 1102: The network device sends AI / ML capability-related information to the location management network element on the network side.

[0249] For example, the AI / ML capability-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0250] The output-related information of the AI / ML model on the network device side includes, for example, information on the reportable type, content, and format.

[0251] Instructs the network device to report line-of-sight timing information. The timing information type can be UR RTOA, UL TOA, gNB Rx-Tx time difference, multi-RTT, etc. Further information on the content and format can also be provided.

[0252] The indication information reported by the network device includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

[0253] In some embodiments, the capabilities of the AI / ML model or function on the network side need to interact with the LMF, and the operation of the AI / ML model or function also requires related activation signaling or activation process to be implemented.

[0254] FIG12 is a diagram of the signaling interaction between network-side AI / ML capability-related indication information and LMF according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0255] As shown in Figure 12, the interaction between network-side AI / ML capability-related indication information and LMF may include:

[0256] Step 1: LMF requests positioning-related capability information from the network device;

[0257] Step 2: For network devices with AI / ML models or functions, they can be indicated as having AI / ML capabilities during the capability indication procedure.

[0258] In one case, the capability request message in step 1 inquires about AI / ML-related capabilities, and the network responds accordingly. In another case, the network device responds to the LMF query for a positioning method and responds whether the positioning method is supported and whether it can be implemented by an AI / ML model or function.

[0259] In some embodiments, the interaction process may further include:

[0260] Step 3: The network device may further report based on the output of its AI / ML model or function. These reports can be feedback reports based on LMF queries or proactive reports.

[0261] For example, the network device can report its relevant AI / ML capabilities to the LMF in NR-UL-RTOA-ProvideCapabilities, including information related to the AI / ML model or function output.

[0262] For example, information related to AI / ML output includes at least one of the following:

[0263] Output one or more timed capability indications for line-of-sight;

[0264] Output LOS / NLOS possibility indication information for line-of-sight timing information;

[0265] Output LOS reliability capability indication information for line-of-sight timing information;

[0266] Ability indication information for outputting an indication of consistency between AI timing and non-AI timing for line-of-sight timing information,

[0267] The capability indication information further includes: indicating the type of timing information, and / or the format for reporting the indication information.

[0268] For example, the types of timing information indicated include UL-RTOA, gNB Rx-Tx time difference, multi-RTT, etc.

[0269] For example, the format of the indication information includes whether the indication information is represented as binary value or multi-value (soft information).

[0270] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11 , the method further includes:

[0271] 1103: The network device receives positioning reporting configuration information related to the AI / ML function or model from the network-side location management network element.

[0272] The positioning reporting configuration information includes at least one of reporting type indication information, reporting content indication information, reporting content format indication information, and reporting performance requirement related information.

[0273] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11 , the method further includes:

[0274] 1104: The network device determines, based on the positioning reporting configuration information, the format and content of reporting one or more first timing information and indication information related to the timing information.

[0275] For example, the network device determines whether to report one or more first timing information based on the positioning reporting configuration information, determines whether the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information, and determines the format for reporting these contents.

[0276] In some embodiments, operations 1102 to 1104 are optional operations.

[0277] FIG13 is another diagram of the interaction between the LMF, network device, and terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG13 , the interaction process includes:

[0278] Step 1: The network device sends AI / ML capability-related information to the LMF;

[0279] Step 2: The network device receives positioning reporting configuration information related to the AI / ML function or model from the LMF;

[0280] Step 3: The network device determines the format and content of reporting one or more first timing information and indication information related to the timing information according to the positioning reporting configuration information;

[0281] Step 4: The network device receives the SRS from the network device;

[0282] Step 5: The network device inputs the received SRS information into the AI / ML model or function and outputs one or more first timing information;

[0283] Step 6: The network device reports positioning-related information to the LMF, including one or more first timing information and related indication information;

[0284] Step 7: LMF monitors the AI / ML functions or models on the network device side based on the positioning-related information.

[0285] It is worth noting that Figures 11 to 13 above are merely schematic illustrations of the embodiments of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. For example, the execution order of the various operations may be appropriately adjusted, and other operations may be added or some operations may be reduced. Those skilled in the art may make appropriate modifications based on the above content, and are not limited to the descriptions of Figures 11 to 13 above.

[0286] It should also be noted that the above embodiment describes the reporting configuration of the location measurement information related to the AI / ML model or function output on the network side, the reporting information, and the process description of possible positioning capability interaction. These signaling and processes can be implemented based on the NRPPa procedure (TS 38.455). Therefore, the above process of the embodiment of the second aspect can be implemented by enhancing NRPPa.

[0287] The above embodiments are merely exemplary of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Appropriate modifications may be made based on the above embodiments. For example, the above embodiments may be used alone, or one or more of the above embodiments may be combined.

[0288] It can be seen from the above embodiment that the terminal device or network device reports positioning-related information including one or more first timing information and related indication information to the LMF, and the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information indicating the possibility of LOS or NLOS, the second indication information indicating the reliability of LOS, and the third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information. Thus, a new design is made for the traditional positioning method, which fully utilizes the advantages of the AI / ML model, provides richer information for the positioning of the LMF, and improves the positioning accuracy.

[0289] Embodiments of the third aspect

[0290] An embodiment of the present application provides a positioning method, which is described from the LMF side, corresponding to the embodiment of the first aspect and the embodiment of the second aspect, and the contents that are the same as the embodiments of the first aspect and the second aspect will not be repeated.

[0291] FIG14 is another schematic diagram of a positioning method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG14 , the method includes:

[0292] 1401: The network-side location management element (LMF) sends configuration information to the terminal device or network device.

[0293] The configuration information is used to configure at least one of the type, content, and format of the timing information reported by the terminal device or the network device.

[0294] In some embodiments, for the configuration information sent to the terminal device, the type of the timing information includes at least one of DL RSTD, UE Rx-Tx time difference, DL-TOA, and multi-RTT; and / or, for the configuration information sent to the network device, the type of the timing information includes at least one of UR RTOA, UL TOA, gNB Rx-Tx time difference, and multi-RTT;

[0295] In some embodiments, the content of the timing information includes a configuration corresponding to one LOS timing or multiple LOS timings;

[0296] In some embodiments, the format of the timing information includes specific format instructions for each unit of the reporting information.

[0297] In some embodiments, the configuration information further includes a metric value of indication information related to the timing information.

[0298] The metric value of the indication information includes one or more of the following: the metric of the first indication information, the metric of the second indication information, and the metric of the third indication information.

[0299] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG14 , the method further includes:

[0300] 1402: The network-side location management element (LMF) receives positioning-related information reported from the terminal device or network device.

[0301] The positioning related information includes one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information.

[0302] The instruction information includes one or more of the following information:

[0303] first indication information indicating a possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS);

[0304] second indication information indicating reliability of the first timing information corresponding to line of sight (LOS);

[0305] Third indication information indicating a relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0306] In some embodiments, the first timing information refers to predicted timing information for line of sight (LOS) generated by an AI / ML function or model, and the second timing information refers to line of sight (LOS) timing information determined based on a non-AI / ML method.

[0307] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0308] The network-side location management network element receives AI / ML capability-related information from the terminal device or the network device, where the AI / ML capability-related information includes at least one of the following information:

[0309] Output information related to the AI / ML model on the terminal device side or the network device side;

[0310] Information instructing the terminal device or the network device to report timing information related to line of sight;

[0311] The indication information reported by the terminal device or the network device includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information.

[0312] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0313] The network-side location management network element sends positioning reporting configuration information related to the AI / ML function or model to the terminal device or the network device. The positioning reporting configuration information includes at least one of reporting type indication information, reporting content indication information, reporting content format indication information, and reporting performance requirement related information.

[0314] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0315] The network side location management element configures or specifies the reporting of the positioning related information.

[0316] The reporting of the positioning related information includes reporting one or more first timing information, and reporting one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

[0317] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG14 , the method further includes:

[0318] 1403: The network-side location management element monitors the AI / ML model or function based on the reported positioning-related information.

[0319] Operations 1402 and 1403 are optional operations.

[0320] The specific contents of each of the above operations can be referred to the description of the embodiments of the first and second aspects, and will not be repeated here.

[0321] It is worth noting that FIG14 above is merely a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. For example, the execution order of the various operations may be appropriately adjusted, and other operations may be added or some operations may be reduced. Those skilled in the art may make appropriate modifications based on the above content, and are not limited to the description of FIG14 above.

[0322] It can be seen from the above embodiment that the terminal device or network device reports positioning-related information including one or more first timing information and related indication information to the LMF, and the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information indicating the possibility of LOS or NLOS, the second indication information indicating the reliability of LOS, and the third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information. Thus, a new design is made for the traditional positioning method, which fully utilizes the advantages of the AI / ML model, provides richer information for the positioning of the LMF, and improves the positioning accuracy.

[0323] Embodiments of the fourth aspect

[0324] The embodiment of the present application provides a positioning device, which may be, for example, a terminal device, or one or more components or assemblies configured in the terminal device, which corresponds to the embodiment of the first aspect, and the same contents as the embodiment of the first aspect are not repeated here.

[0325] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a positioning device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG15 , the positioning device 1500 includes:

[0326] The first sending unit 1501 reports positioning related information to the network side location management network element (LMF),

[0327] The positioning related information includes one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information.

[0328] The instruction information includes one or more of the following information:

[0329] first indication information indicating a possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS);

[0330] second indication information indicating reliability of the first timing information corresponding to line of sight (LOS);

[0331] Third indication information indicating a relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0332] In some embodiments, the first timing information refers to predicted timing information for line of sight (LOS) generated by an AI / ML function or model, and the second timing information refers to line of sight (LOS) timing information determined based on a non-AI / ML device.

[0333] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

[0334] The first determining unit 1502 determines whether to report one or more first timing information, wherein:

[0335] The first determining unit determines whether to report one or more first timing information according to a predefined reliability value of the first timing information indicated by the second indication information or a possibility value of the first timing information indicated by the first indication information corresponding to the line of sight or a channel-related quality metric; or

[0336] The first determining unit determines to report one or more first timing information according to a configuration instruction from the network side location management network element; or,

[0337] The first determining unit determines to report one or more first timing information based on the capability of its AI / ML model or function for positioning.

[0338] The channel-related quality metric refers to channel quality information about the network device.

[0339] In some embodiments, when the reliability value of one piece of first timing information indicated by the second indication information is greater than or equal to the reliability reference value, the one piece of first timing information is reported; when the reliability values ​​of multiple pieces of first timing information indicated by the second indication information are all less than the reliability reference value, the multiple pieces of first timing information are reported.

[0340] The reliability reference value is determined by the terminal device itself, or is determined by the terminal device according to relevant configuration information from the location management network element on the network side, or is determined by predefinition;

[0341] or,

[0342] When the probability that the one piece of first timing information indicated by the first indication information corresponds to the line of sight is greater than or equal to the probability reference value, report the one piece of first timing information; when the probability that the multiple pieces of first timing information indicated by the first indication information correspond to the line of sight are all less than the probability reference value, report the multiple pieces of first timing information.

[0343] The possibility reference value is determined by the terminal device itself, or is determined by the terminal device according to relevant configuration information from the network side location management network element, or is determined by predefinition.

[0344] or,

[0345] When the channel-related quality is greater than the quality metric value, the first timing information is reported; when the channel-related quality is less than the metric value, the multiple first timing information are reported.

[0346] The quality metric value is determined by relevant configuration information of a location management network element on the network side, or is determined by predefinition, or is determined by the terminal device itself.

[0347] In some embodiments, the reliability of the first timing information corresponding to the line-of-sight (LOS) refers to: the confidence that the first timing information is timing information corresponding to the line-of-sight (LOS) path,

[0348] The confidence level is represented by a value from 0 to 1, or by a value from 1 to N, where N is 99 or other integer values.

[0349] The higher the value corresponding to the confidence level, the more reliable the first timing information corresponding to the line of sight is.

[0350] In some embodiments, the third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information is used to indicate the proximity between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0351] The degree of proximity is measured using binary information or multi-value information.

[0352] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

[0353] The second determining unit 1503 determines that the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information, wherein:

[0354] The second determining unit determines, at least according to the capability of the AI / ML model or function set on the terminal device side, that the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information; or

[0355] The second determining unit determines, according to the configuration of the network-side location management network element, that the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information; or,

[0356] The indication information determined and reported according to the predefinition includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information.

[0357] In some embodiments, the reporting of the positioning related information is configured or specified by the network side location management network element, and the reporting of the positioning related information can be used to monitor the AI / ML model or function.

[0358] The reporting of the positioning related information includes reporting one or more first timing information, and reporting one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

[0359] In some embodiments, the first sending unit 1501 further sends AI / ML capability related information to the network side location management network element, wherein:

[0360] The AI / ML capability-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0361] Output information of the AI / ML model on the terminal device;

[0362] Information instructing the terminal device to report timing information related to line of sight;

[0363] Indicates that the indication information reported by the terminal device includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information;

[0364] Output one or more timed capability indications for line-of-sight;

[0365] Output LOS / NLOS possibility indication information for line-of-sight timing information;

[0366] Output LOS reliability capability indication information for line-of-sight timing information;

[0367] Ability indication information for outputting an indication of consistency between AI timing and non-AI timing for line-of-sight timing information,

[0368] The capability indication information further includes: indicating the type of timing information, and / or the format for reporting the indication information.

[0369] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

[0370] A first receiving unit 1504 receives positioning reporting configuration information related to the AI / ML function or model from the network-side location management network element, where the positioning reporting configuration information includes at least one of reporting type indication information, reporting content indication information, reporting content format indication information, and reporting performance requirement related information;

[0371] The third determining unit 1505 is configured to determine, based on the positioning reporting configuration information, a format and content for reporting one or more first timing information and indication information related to the timing information.

[0372] It is worth noting that the above description only describes the components or modules related to the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto. The positioning device 1500 may also include other components or modules. For details of these components or modules, reference may be made to related technologies.

[0373] In addition, for the sake of simplicity, FIG15 only illustrates the connection relationship or signal direction between various components or modules. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that various related technologies such as bus connection can be used. The above-mentioned components or modules can be implemented by hardware facilities such as processors, memories, transmitters, and receivers; the implementation of this application is not limited to this.

[0374] It can be seen from the above embodiment that the terminal device or network device reports positioning-related information including one or more first timing information and related indication information to the LMF, and the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information indicating the possibility of LOS or NLOS, the second indication information indicating the reliability of LOS, and the third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information. Thus, a new design is made for the traditional positioning method, which fully utilizes the advantages of the AI / ML model, provides richer information for the positioning of the LMF, and improves the positioning accuracy.

[0375] Embodiments of the fifth aspect

[0376] The embodiment of the present application provides a positioning device. The device may be, for example, a network device, or one or more components or assemblies configured on the network device, which corresponds to the embodiment of the second aspect, and the same contents as the embodiment of the second aspect are not repeated here.

[0377] FIG16 is another schematic diagram of a positioning device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG16 , the positioning device 1600 includes:

[0378] The second sending unit 1601 reports the positioning related information to the location management network element (LMF) on the network side,

[0379] The positioning related information includes one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information.

[0380] The instruction information includes one or more of the following information:

[0381] first indication information indicating a possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS);

[0382] second indication information indicating reliability of the first timing information corresponding to line of sight (LOS);

[0383] Third indication information indicating a relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0384] In some embodiments, the first timing information refers to predicted timing information for line of sight (LOS) generated by an AI / ML function or model, and the second timing information refers to line of sight (LOS) timing information determined based on a non-AI / ML device.

[0385] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

[0386] The fourth determining unit 1602 determines whether to report one or more first timing information, wherein:

[0387] The fourth determining unit determines whether to report one or more first timing information according to a predefined reliability value of the first timing information indicated by the second indication information or a possibility value of the first timing information indicated by the first indication information corresponding to the line of sight or a channel-related quality metric; or

[0388] The fourth determining unit determines to report one or more first timing information according to a configuration instruction from the network side location management network element; or,

[0389] The fourth determining unit determines to report one or more first timing information according to the capability of its AI / ML model or function for positioning.

[0390] The channel-related quality metric refers to channel quality information about the network device.

[0391] In some embodiments, when the reliability value of one piece of first timing information indicated by the second indication information is greater than or equal to the reliability reference value, the one piece of first timing information is reported; when the reliability values ​​of multiple pieces of first timing information indicated by the second indication information are all less than the reliability reference value, the multiple pieces of first timing information are reported.

[0392] The reliability reference value is determined by the network device itself, or is determined by the network device according to relevant configuration information from the location management network element on the network side, or is determined by predefinition;

[0393] or,

[0394] When the probability that the one piece of first timing information indicated by the first indication information corresponds to the line of sight is greater than or equal to the probability reference value, report the one piece of first timing information; when the probability that the multiple pieces of first timing information indicated by the first indication information correspond to the line of sight are all less than the probability reference value, report the multiple pieces of first timing information.

[0395] The likelihood reference value is determined by the network device itself, or is determined by the network device according to relevant configuration information from the location management network element on the network side, or is determined by predefinition.

[0396] or,

[0397] When the channel-related quality is greater than the quality metric value, the first timing information is reported; when the channel-related quality is less than the metric value, the multiple first timing information are reported.

[0398] The quality metric value is determined by relevant configuration information of a location management network element on the network side, or is determined by predefinition, or is determined by the terminal device itself.

[0399] In some embodiments, the reliability of the first timing information corresponding to the line-of-sight (LOS) refers to: the confidence that the first timing information is timing information corresponding to the line-of-sight (LOS) path,

[0400] The confidence level is represented by a value from 0 to 1, or by a value from 1 to N, where N is 99 or other integer values.

[0401] The higher the value corresponding to the confidence level, the more reliable the first timing information corresponding to the line of sight is.

[0402] In some embodiments, the third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information is used to indicate the proximity between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0403] The degree of proximity is measured using binary information or multi-value information.

[0404] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

[0405] The fifth determining unit 1603 determines that the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information, wherein:

[0406] The fifth determining unit determines, based at least on the capability of the AI / ML model or function set on the network device side, that the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information; or

[0407] The fifth determining unit determines, according to the configuration of the network-side location management network element, that the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information; or,

[0408] The indication information determined and reported according to the predefinition includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information.

[0409] In some embodiments, the reporting of the positioning related information is configured or specified by the network side location management network element, and the reporting of the positioning related information can be used to monitor the AI / ML model or function.

[0410] The reporting of the positioning related information includes reporting one or more first timing information, and reporting one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

[0411] In some embodiments, the second sending unit 1601 further sends AI / ML capability related information to the network side location management network element, wherein:

[0412] The AI / ML capability-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0413] Output information of the AI / ML model on the network device side;

[0414] Information instructing the network device to report timing information related to line of sight;

[0415] Instructing the network device to report the indication information including one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information;

[0416] Output one or more timed capability indications for line-of-sight;

[0417] Output LOS / NLOS possibility indication information for line-of-sight timing information;

[0418] Output LOS reliability capability indication information for line-of-sight timing information;

[0419] Ability indication information for outputting an indication of consistency between AI timing and non-AI timing for line-of-sight timing information,

[0420] The capability indication information further includes: indicating the type of timing information, and / or the format for reporting the indication information.

[0421] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

[0422] The second receiving unit 1604 receives positioning reporting configuration information related to the AI / ML function or model from the network-side location management network element, where the positioning reporting configuration information includes at least one of reporting type indication information, reporting content indication information, reporting content format indication information, and reporting performance requirement related information;

[0423] The sixth determining unit 1605 is configured to determine, based on the positioning reporting configuration information, the format and content of reporting one or more first timing information and indication information related to the timing information.

[0424] It is worth noting that the above description only describes the components or modules related to the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto. The positioning device 1600 may also include other components or modules. For details of these components or modules, reference may be made to related technologies.

[0425] In addition, for the sake of simplicity, FIG16 only illustrates the connection relationship or signal direction between various components or modules. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that various related technologies such as bus connection can be used. The above-mentioned components or modules can be implemented by hardware facilities such as processors, memories, transmitters, and receivers; the implementation of this application is not limited to this.

[0426] It can be seen from the above embodiment that the terminal device or network device reports positioning-related information including one or more first timing information and related indication information to the LMF, and the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information indicating the possibility of LOS or NLOS, the second indication information indicating the reliability of LOS, and the third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information. Thus, a new design is made for the traditional positioning method, which fully utilizes the advantages of the AI / ML model, provides richer information for the positioning of the LMF, and improves the positioning accuracy.

[0427] Embodiments of the sixth aspect

[0428] The present application provides a positioning device. The device may be, for example, an LMF, or one or more components or assemblies configured on the LMF, which corresponds to the embodiment of the third aspect. The contents that are the same as those in the embodiments of the third aspect and the first and second aspects are not repeated here.

[0429] FIG17 is another schematic diagram of a positioning device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG17 , the positioning device 1700 includes:

[0430] The third sending unit 1701 sends configuration information to the terminal device or network device.

[0431] The configuration information is used to configure at least one of the type, content, and format of the timing information reported by the terminal device or the network device.

[0432] In some embodiments, for the configuration information sent to the terminal device, the type of the timing information includes at least one of DL RSTD, UE Rx-Tx time difference, DL-TOA, and multi-RTT; and / or, for the configuration information sent to the network device, the type of the timing information includes at least one of UR RTOA, UL TOA, gNB Rx-Tx time difference, and multi-RTT;

[0433] In some embodiments, the content of the timing information includes a configuration corresponding to one LOS timing or multiple LOS timings;

[0434] In some embodiments, the format of the timing information includes specific format instructions for each unit of the reporting information.

[0435] In some embodiments, the configuration information further includes a metric value of indication information related to the timing information.

[0436] The metric value of the indication information includes one or more of the following: the metric of the first indication information, the metric of the second indication information, and the metric of the third indication information.

[0437] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG17 , the apparatus 1700 further includes:

[0438] The third receiving unit 1702 receives the reported positioning related information from the terminal device or the network device.

[0439] The positioning related information includes one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information.

[0440] The instruction information includes one or more of the following information:

[0441] first indication information indicating a possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS);

[0442] second indication information indicating reliability of the first timing information corresponding to line of sight (LOS);

[0443] Third indication information indicating a relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0444] In some embodiments, the first timing information refers to predicted timing information for line of sight (LOS) generated by an AI / ML function or model, and the second timing information refers to line of sight (LOS) timing information determined based on a non-AI / ML method.

[0445] In some embodiments, the third receiving unit 1701 receives AI / ML capability-related information from the terminal device or the network device, where the AI / ML capability-related information includes at least one of the following information:

[0446] Output information related to the AI / ML model on the terminal device side or the network device side;

[0447] Information instructing the terminal device or the network device to report timing information related to line of sight;

[0448] The indication information reported by the terminal device or the network device includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information.

[0449] In some embodiments, the third sending unit 1701 sends positioning reporting configuration information related to the AI / ML function or model to the terminal device or the network device, and the positioning reporting configuration information includes at least one of reporting type indication information, reporting content indication information, reporting content format indication information, and reporting performance requirement related information.

[0450] In some embodiments, the network-side location management element configures or specifies the reporting of the positioning-related information.

[0451] The reporting of the positioning related information includes reporting one or more first timing information, and reporting one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

[0452] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

[0453] The monitoring unit 1703 monitors the AI / ML model or function based on the reported positioning-related information.

[0454] It is worth noting that the above description only describes the components or modules related to the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto. The positioning device 1700 may also include other components or modules. For details of these components or modules, reference may be made to related technologies.

[0455] In addition, for the sake of simplicity, FIG17 only illustrates the connection relationship or signal direction between various components or modules. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that various related technologies such as bus connection can be used. The above-mentioned components or modules can be implemented by hardware facilities such as processors, memories, transmitters, and receivers; the implementation of this application is not limited to this.

[0456] It can be seen from the above embodiment that the terminal device or network device reports positioning-related information including one or more first timing information and related indication information to the LMF, and the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information indicating the possibility of LOS or NLOS, the second indication information indicating the reliability of LOS, and the third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information. Thus, a new design is made for the traditional positioning method, which fully utilizes the advantages of the AI / ML model, provides richer information for the positioning of the LMF, and improves the positioning accuracy.

[0457] Embodiments of the seventh aspect

[0458] An embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, which includes the positioning device as described in the embodiment of the fifth aspect.

[0459] Figure 18 is a schematic block diagram of the system architecture of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 18 , terminal device 1800 may include a processor 1810 and a memory 1820; memory 1820 is coupled to processor 1810. It should be noted that this diagram is exemplary; other types of structures may be used to supplement or replace this structure to implement telecommunication or other functions.

[0460] In one embodiment, the functionality of the positioning device may be integrated into the processor 1810 .

[0461] Processor 1810 is configured to: the terminal device reports positioning-related information to the network-side location management network element (LMF), and the positioning-related information includes one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information, and the indication information includes one or more of the following information: first indication information indicating the possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line of sight (LOS) or non-line of sight (NLOS); second indication information indicating the reliability that the first timing information corresponds to line of sight (LOS); and third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0462] In another embodiment, the positioning device may be configured separately from the processor 1810 . For example, the positioning device may be configured as a chip connected to the processor 1810 , and the functions of the positioning device may be implemented under the control of the processor 1810 .

[0463] As shown in FIG18 , the terminal device 1800 may further include: a communication module 1830, an input unit 1840, a display 1850, and a power supply 1860. It is worth noting that the terminal device 1800 does not necessarily include all the components shown in FIG18 ; in addition, the terminal device 1800 may also include components not shown in FIG12 , and reference may be made to related art for details.

[0464] As shown in FIG. 18 , the processor 1810 is sometimes also referred to as a controller or an operation control, and may include a microprocessor or other processor device and / or logic device. The processor 1810 receives input and controls the operation of various components of the terminal device 1800 .

[0465] Memory 1820 may be, for example, one or more of a cache, flash memory, a hard drive, removable media, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, or other suitable devices. It may store various data and programs for executing related information. Processor 1810 may execute the programs stored in memory 1820 to implement information storage or processing. The functions of other components are similar to those of existing devices and are not further described here. Each component of terminal device 1800 may be implemented using dedicated hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0466] It can be seen from the above embodiment that the terminal device or network device reports positioning-related information including one or more first timing information and related indication information to the LMF, and the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information indicating the possibility of LOS or NLOS, the second indication information indicating the reliability of LOS, and the third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information. Thus, a new design is made for the traditional positioning method, which fully utilizes the advantages of the AI / ML model, provides richer information for the positioning of the LMF, and improves the positioning accuracy.

[0467] Embodiments of the eighth aspect

[0468] An embodiment of the present application provides a network device, which includes the positioning device as described in the embodiment of the fifth aspect.

[0469] Figure 19 is a schematic block diagram of the system configuration of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 19 , network device 1900 may include a processor 1910 and a memory 1920 ; the memory 1920 is coupled to the processor 1910 . The memory 1920 may store various data and may also store an information processing program 1930 , which is executed under the control of the processor 1910 .

[0470] In one embodiment, the functionality of the positioning device may be integrated into the processor 1910 .

[0471] Processor 1910 can be configured to: the network device reports positioning-related information to the network-side location management network element (LMF), and the positioning-related information includes one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information, and the indication information includes one or more of the following information: first indication information indicating the possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line of sight (LOS) or non-line of sight (NLOS); second indication information indicating the reliability of the first timing information corresponding to line of sight (LOS); and third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0472] In another embodiment, the positioning device may be configured separately from the processor 1910 . For example, the positioning device may be configured as a chip connected to the processor 1910 , and the functions of the positioning device may be implemented under the control of the processor 1910 .

[0473] In addition, as shown in Figure 19, network device 1900 may also include: a transceiver 1940 and an antenna 1950; wherein, the functions of these components are similar to those in the prior art and are not further described here. It is worth noting that network device 1900 does not necessarily include all the components shown in Figure 19; in addition, network device 1900 may also include components not shown in Figure 19, and reference may be made to the prior art.

[0474] It can be seen from the above embodiment that the terminal device or network device reports positioning-related information including one or more first timing information and related indication information to the LMF, and the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information indicating the possibility of LOS or NLOS, the second indication information indicating the reliability of LOS, and the third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information. Thus, a new design is made for the traditional positioning method, which fully utilizes the advantages of the AI / ML model, provides richer information for the positioning of the LMF, and improves the positioning accuracy.

[0475] Embodiments of the ninth aspect

[0476] An embodiment of the present application provides a network device, which includes the positioning device as described in the embodiment of the sixth aspect, and the network device is a second network device.

[0477] Figure 20 is another schematic block diagram of the system configuration of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 20 , network device 2000 may include a processor 2010 and a memory 2020; the memory 2020 is coupled to the processor 2010. The memory 2020 may store various data and may also store an information processing program 2030, which is executed under the control of the processor 2010.

[0478] In one embodiment, the functionality of the positioning device may be integrated into the processor 2010 .

[0479] Processor 2010 can be configured as: a network-side location management network element (LMF) sends configuration information to a terminal device or a network device, wherein the configuration information is used to configure at least one of the type, content, and format of timing information reported by the terminal device or the network device.

[0480] In another embodiment, the positioning device may be configured separately from the processor 2010 . For example, the positioning device may be configured as a chip connected to the processor 2010 , and the functions of the positioning device may be implemented under the control of the processor 2010 .

[0481] In addition, as shown in Figure 20, network device 2000 may further include: a transceiver 2040 and an antenna 2050; wherein, the functions of the above components are similar to those in the prior art and are not described here in detail. It is worth noting that network device 2000 does not necessarily include all the components shown in Figure 20; in addition, network device 2000 may also include components not shown in Figure 20, and reference may be made to the prior art for details.

[0482] It can be seen from the above embodiment that the terminal device or network device reports positioning-related information including one or more first timing information and related indication information to the LMF, and the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information indicating the possibility of LOS or NLOS, the second indication information indicating the reliability of LOS, and the third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information. Thus, a new design is made for the traditional positioning method, which fully utilizes the advantages of the AI / ML model, provides richer information for the positioning of the LMF, and improves the positioning accuracy.

[0483] Embodiments of the tenth aspect

[0484] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, comprising at least one of the terminal device described in the embodiment of the seventh aspect, the network device described in the embodiment of the eighth aspect, and the network device described in the embodiment of the ninth aspect.

[0485] For example, the structure of the communication system can be referred to FIG1 .

[0486] As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 100 includes a network device 101, an LMF 102 and a terminal device 103. The terminal device 103 is the same as the terminal device recorded in the embodiment of the seventh aspect, the network device 101 is the same as the network device recorded in the embodiment of the eighth aspect, and the LMF 102 is the same as the network device recorded in the embodiment of the ninth aspect. The repeated content will not be repeated.

[0487] The above devices and methods of the present application can be implemented by hardware or by a combination of hardware and software. The present application relates to such a computer-readable program that, when executed by a logic component, enables the logic component to implement the devices or components described above, or enables the logic component to implement the various methods or steps described above. The present application also relates to a storage medium for storing the above program, such as a hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a DVD, a flash memory, etc.

[0488] The method / device described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. For example, one or more of the functional block diagrams shown in Figure 15 and / or one or more combinations of functional block diagrams can correspond to various software modules of a computer program flow or to various hardware modules. These software modules can correspond to the various steps shown in Figure 8, respectively. These hardware modules can be implemented by solidifying these software modules, for example, using a field programmable gate array (FPGA).

[0489] The software module may be located in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. A storage medium may be coupled to a processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium; or the storage medium may be an integral part of the processor. The processor and the storage medium may be located in an ASIC. The software module may be stored in the memory of the mobile terminal or in a memory card that can be inserted into the mobile terminal. For example, if the device (such as a mobile terminal) uses a large-capacity MEGA-SIM card or a large-capacity flash memory device, the software module may be stored in the MEGA-SIM card or the large-capacity flash memory device.

[0490] One or more of the functional blocks and / or one or more combinations of functional blocks described in the accompanying drawings may be implemented as a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or any appropriate combination thereof for performing the functions described in this application. One or more of the functional blocks and / or one or more combinations of functional blocks described in the accompanying drawings may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in communication with a DSP, or any other such configuration.

[0491] The present application has been described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art should understand that these descriptions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present application based on the spirit and principles of the present application, and such modifications and variations are also within the scope of the present application.

[0492] Regarding the implementation methods including the above embodiments, the following additional notes are also disclosed:

[0493] 1. A positioning method, comprising:

[0494] The terminal device reports the positioning related information to the location management network element (LMF) on the network side.

[0495] The positioning related information includes one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information,

[0496] The indication information includes one or more of the following information:

[0497] first indication information indicating a possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS);

[0498] second indication information indicating reliability of the first timing information corresponding to line of sight (LOS);

[0499] Third indication information indicating a relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0500] 2. The method according to Supplement 1, wherein:

[0501] The first timing information is first path time information of a positioning reference signal from a network device to the terminal device, the first path information is line-of-sight (LOS) path time information, and / or,

[0502] The possibility that the first timing information indicated by the first indication information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS) is represented by binary information or multi-value information.

[0503] 3. The method according to Supplement 1, wherein:

[0504] The report is associated with the activation or operation of the AI / ML function or model of the terminal device, and the content of the report is generated based on the output of the AI / ML function or model.

[0505] 4. A positioning method, comprising:

[0506] The network equipment reports the positioning related information to the location management network element (LMF) on the network side.

[0507] The positioning related information includes one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information,

[0508] The indication information includes one or more of the following information:

[0509] first indication information indicating a possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS);

[0510] second indication information indicating reliability of the first timing information corresponding to line of sight (LOS);

[0511] Third indication information indicating a relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

[0512] 5. The method according to Supplement 4, wherein:

[0513] The first timing information is first path time information of a positioning reference signal from a network device to the terminal device, the first path information is line-of-sight (LOS) path time information, and / or,

[0514] The possibility that the first timing information indicated by the first indication information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS) is represented by binary information or multi-value information.

[0515] 6. The method according to Supplement 4, wherein:

[0516] The report is associated with activation or operation of the AI / ML function or model of the network device, and the content of the report is generated based on the output of the AI / ML function or model.

[0517] 7. A positioning method, comprising:

[0518] The network side location management element (LMF) sends configuration information to the terminal device or network device.

[0519] The configuration information is used to configure at least one of the type, content, and format of the timing information reported by the terminal device or the network device.

[0520] 8. The method according to Supplementary Note 7, wherein:

[0521] For the configuration information sent to the terminal device, the type of the timing information includes at least one of DL RSTD, UE Rx-Tx time difference, DL-TOA, and multi-RTT; and / or, for the configuration information sent to the network device, the type of the timing information includes at least one of UR RTOA, UL TOA, gNB Rx-Tx time difference, and multi-RTT;

[0522] The content of the timing information includes configuration corresponding to one LOS timing or multiple LOS timings;

[0523] The format of the timing information includes specific format instructions for each unit of the reporting information,

[0524] The configuration information also includes a metric value of indication information related to the timing information,

[0525] The metric value of the indication information includes one or more of the following: a metric of the first indication information, a metric of the second indication information, and a metric of the third indication information.

[0526] 9. The method according to Supplement 7 or 8, wherein the method further comprises:

[0527] The network-side location management network element (LMF) receives the reported positioning related information from the terminal device or the network device,

[0528] The positioning related information includes one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information,

[0529] The indication information includes one or more of the following information:

[0530] first indication information indicating a possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS);

[0531] second indication information indicating reliability of the first timing information corresponding to line of sight (LOS);

[0532] third indication information indicating a relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information,

[0533] The method further comprises:

[0534] The network-side location management network element sends positioning reporting configuration information related to the AI / ML function or model to the terminal device or the network device, where the positioning reporting configuration information includes at least one of reporting type indication information, reporting content indication information, reporting content format indication information, and reporting performance requirement related information.

[0535] The method further comprises:

[0536] The network side location management element configures or specifies the reporting of the positioning related information,

[0537] Reporting the positioning-related information includes reporting one or more first timing information, and reporting one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

[0538] 10. The method according to any one of Notes 7 to 9, wherein the method further comprises:

[0539] The network-side location management network element monitors the AI / ML model or function based on the reported positioning-related information.

Claims

1. A positioning device, the device being provided in a terminal device, the device comprising: The first sending unit reports the positioning related information to the network side location management network element (LMF), The positioning related information includes one or more first timing information corresponding to a transmission reception point (TRP) and indication information related to the first timing information, The indication information includes one or more of the following information: first indication information indicating a possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS); second indication information indicating reliability of the first timing information corresponding to line of sight (LOS); Third indication information indicating a relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein The first timing information refers to predicted timing information for line of sight (LOS) generated by an AI / ML function or model, and the second timing information refers to line of sight (LOS) timing information determined based on a non-AI / ML device.

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein The device further comprises: A first determining unit is configured to determine whether to report one or more first timing information, wherein: The first determining unit determines whether to report one or more first timing information according to the reliability value of the first timing information indicated by the second indication information or the possibility value of the first timing information corresponding to the line of sight or the channel-related quality metric indicated by the first indication information; or The first determining unit determines to report one or more first timing information according to a configuration instruction from the network side location management network element; or, The first determining unit determines to report one or more first timing information according to the capability of the AI / ML model or function used for positioning, The channel-related quality metric refers to channel quality information about network devices.

4. The device according to claim 3, wherein When the reliability value of one piece of first timing information indicated by the second indication information is greater than or equal to the reliability reference value, report the one piece of first timing information; when the reliability values ​​of multiple pieces of first timing information indicated by the second indication information are all less than the reliability reference value, report the multiple pieces of first timing information, The reliability reference value is determined by the terminal device itself, or by the terminal device based on the Determined by the relevant configuration information of the location management network element on the network side, or determined by pre-definition; or, When the probability that a piece of first timing information indicated by the first indication information corresponds to the line of sight is greater than or equal to the probability reference value, report the piece of first timing information; when the probability that multiple pieces of first timing information indicated by the first indication information correspond to the line of sight are all less than the probability reference value, report the multiple pieces of first timing information. The possibility reference value is determined by the terminal device itself, or is determined by the terminal device according to relevant configuration information from the network side location management network element, or is determined by predefinition. or, When the channel-related quality is greater than the quality metric value, the first timing information is reported; when the channel-related quality is less than the metric value, the multiple first timing information are reported. The quality metric value is determined by relevant configuration information of a location management network element on the network side, or is predefined, or is determined by the terminal device itself.

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein The reliability of the first timing information corresponding to the line-of-sight (LOS) refers to the confidence that the first timing information is the timing information corresponding to the line-of-sight (LOS) path, The confidence level is represented by a value from 0 to 1, or by a value from 1 to N, where N is 99 or other integer values. The higher the value corresponding to the confidence level, the more reliable the first timing information corresponding to the line of sight is.

6. The device according to claim 1, wherein The third indication information indicating the relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information is used to indicate the proximity between the first timing information and the second timing information. The proximity is measured using binary information or multi-value information.

7. The device according to claim 1, wherein The device further comprises: A second determining unit is configured to determine that the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information, wherein: The second determining unit determines, at least according to the capability of the AI / ML model or function set on the terminal device side, that the reported indication information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information; or The second determining unit determines the reported indication information according to the configuration of the network side location management network element. The information includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information; or, The indication information determined and reported by the predefinition includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information and the third indication information.

8. The device according to claim 1, 3 or 7, wherein: The reporting of the positioning related information is configured or specified by the network-side location management network element, and the reporting of the positioning related information can be used to monitor the AI / ML model or function. Reporting the positioning-related information includes reporting one or more first timing information, and reporting one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

9. The device according to claim 1, wherein The first sending unit further sends AI / ML capability related information to the network side location management network element, wherein: The AI / ML capability-related information includes at least one of the following: Output information related to the AI / ML model on the terminal device side; Information instructing the terminal device to report timing information related to line of sight; Indicates that the indication information reported by the terminal device includes one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information; Output one or more timed capability indications for line-of-sight; Output LOS / NLOS possibility indication information for line-of-sight timing information; Output LOS reliability capability indication information for line-of-sight timing information; Ability indication information for outputting an indication of consistency between AI timing and non-AI timing for line-of-sight timing information, The capability indication information further includes: indicating the type of timing information, and / or the format of reporting the indication information.

10. The device according to claim 1 or 9, wherein The device further comprises: a first receiving unit configured to receive positioning reporting configuration information related to an AI / ML function or model from the network-side location management network element, the positioning reporting configuration information including at least one of reporting type indication information, reporting content indication information, reporting content format indication information, and reporting performance requirement related information; A third determining unit is configured to determine, based on the positioning reporting configuration information, the type, content, and format of reporting one or more first timing information and indication information related to the timing information.

11. A positioning device, the device being provided in a network device, the device comprising: The second sending unit reports the positioning related information to the network side location management network element (LMF), The positioning related information includes one or more first timing information and indication information related to the first timing information, The indication information includes one or more of the following information: first indication information indicating a possibility that the first timing information corresponds to line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS); second indication information indicating reliability of the first timing information corresponding to line of sight (LOS); Third indication information indicating a relationship between the first timing information and the second timing information.

12. The device according to claim 11, wherein The first timing information refers to predicted timing information for line of sight (LOS) generated by an AI / ML function or model, and the second timing information refers to line of sight (LOS) timing information determined based on a non-AI / ML device.

13. The device according to claim 11, wherein The device further comprises: a fourth determining unit, which determines whether to report one or more first timing information, The fourth determining unit determines whether to report one or more first timing information according to the reliability value of the first timing information indicated by the second indication information or the possibility value of the first timing information corresponding to the line of sight or the channel-related quality metric indicated by the first indication information; or The fourth determining unit determines to report one or more first timing information according to a configuration instruction from the network side location management network element; or, The fourth determining unit determines to report one or more first timing information according to the capability of the AI / ML model or function used for positioning, The channel-related quality metric refers to channel quality information about network devices.

14. The device according to claim 13, wherein When the reliability value of the first timing information indicated by the second indication information is greater than or equal to the reliability reference value, reporting the first timing information; When the reliability values ​​of the multiple first timing information indicated by the second indication information are all less than the reliability reference value, reporting the multiple first timing information, The reliability reference value is determined by the network device itself, or is determined by the network device according to relevant configuration information from the network side location management network element, or is determined by predefinition; or, When the probability that a piece of first timing information indicated by the first indication information corresponds to the line of sight is greater than or equal to the probability reference value, report the piece of first timing information; when the probability that multiple pieces of first timing information indicated by the first indication information correspond to the line of sight are all less than the probability reference value, report the multiple pieces of first timing information. The possibility reference value is determined by the terminal device itself, or is determined by the terminal device according to relevant configuration information from the network side location management network element, or is determined by predefinition. or, When the channel-related quality is greater than the quality metric value, the first timing information is reported; when the channel-related quality is less than the metric value, the multiple first timing information are reported. The quality metric value is determined by relevant configuration information of a location management network element on the network side, or is predefined, or is determined by the terminal device itself.

15. The device according to claim 11 or 13, wherein The reporting of the positioning related information is configured or specified by the network-side location management network element, and the reporting of the positioning related information can be used to monitor the AI / ML model or function. Reporting the positioning-related information includes reporting one or more first timing information, and reporting one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information.

16. The device according to claim 11, wherein The device further comprises: The second sending unit sends AI / ML capability related information to the network side location management network element, wherein: The AI / ML capability-related information includes at least one of the following: Information related to the output of the AI / ML model on the network device, including information on the reportable type, content, and format; Information instructing the network device to report timing information related to line of sight; Instructing the network device to report the indication information including one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information; Output one or more timed capability indications for line-of-sight; Output LOS / NLOS possibility indication information for line-of-sight timing information; Output LOS reliability capability indication information for line-of-sight timing information; Ability indication information for outputting an indication of consistency between AI timing and non-AI timing for line-of-sight timing information, The capability indication information further includes: indicating the type of timing information, and / or the format of reporting the indication information.

17. The device according to claim 11 or 16, wherein The device further comprises: a second receiving unit, which receives positioning reporting configuration information related to the AI / ML function or model from the network-side location management network element, the positioning reporting configuration information including at least one of reporting type indication information, reporting content indication information, reporting content format indication information, and reporting performance requirement related information; A sixth determining unit is configured to determine, based on the positioning reporting configuration information, a format and content for reporting one or more first timing information and indication information related to the timing information.

18. A positioning device, the device being provided in a network-side location management element, the device comprising: The third sending unit sends configuration information to the terminal device or the network device, The configuration information is used to configure at least one of the type, content, and format of the timing information reported by the terminal device or the network device.

19. The device according to claim 18, wherein For the configuration information sent to the terminal device, the type of the timing information includes at least one of DL RSTD, UE Rx-Tx time difference, DL-TOA, and multi-RTT; and / or, for the configuration information sent to the network device, the type of the timing information includes at least one of UR RTOA, UL TOA, gNB Rx-Tx time difference, and multi-RTT; The content of the timing information includes configuration corresponding to one LOS timing or multiple LOS timings; The format of the timing information includes specific format instructions for each unit of the reporting information.

20. The device according to claim 18 or 19, wherein The configuration information also includes a metric value of indication information related to the timing information, The metric value of the indication information includes one or more of the following: a metric of the first indication information, a metric of the second indication information, and a metric of the third indication information.

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