Point-to-multipoint communication method, apparatus and system, device, and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of optical communications, and provides a point-to-multipoint communication method, apparatus and system, a device, and a storage medium. The method is applied to a central office device in a point-to-multipoint communication system. The method comprises: acquiring channel parameters of terminal devices which currently comprise downlink data and the data volume of the downlink data; on the basis of the channel parameters of the terminal devices and the data volume of the downlink data, generating and sending at least one downlink frame, wherein the downlink frame comprises a plurality of sub-frames; in each downlink frame, an i-th subframe carries management information of an (i+m)-th subframe and the downlink data of at least one terminal device; and for each subframe, management information of the subframe comprises an identifier of a terminal device to which downlink data carried by the subframe belongs and information of an occupied time-frequency resource. The use of the method of the present disclosure can achieve point-to-multipoint flexible communications.

Description

Point-to-multipoint communication method, device, system, equipment and storage medium

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on April 2, 2024, with application number 202410400266.9 and application name “Point-to-multipoint communication method, device, system, equipment and storage medium”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular to a point-to-multipoint communication method, apparatus, system, device, and storage medium. Background Art

[0003] In point-to-multipoint communication systems, downlink transmission generally uses a broadcast method. For example, in traditional passive optical network (PON) systems, downlink transmission uses a broadcast method. Flexible rate communication technology is considered a key technology for point-to-multipoint communication systems. Compared to traditional point-to-multipoint communication systems, flex rate communication technology introduces additional dimensions such as frequency to achieve flexible system scheduling, improve net throughput, and utilize the advantages of hard pipe communication. Leveraging the advantages of flex rate's multi-dimensional physical information carrying capacity is a key technology in downlink scheduling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides a point-to-multipoint communication method, apparatus, system, device, and storage medium, which can flexibly perform point-to-multipoint communication.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a point-to-multipoint communication method, which is applied to a central office device in a point-to-multipoint communication system, and the method includes: obtaining channel parameters of each terminal device that currently has downlink data and the data volume of the downlink data; based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the data volume of the downlink data, generating at least one downlink frame, wherein the downlink frame includes multiple subframes, in each downlink frame, the i-th subframe carries management information of the i+m-th subframe and downlink data of at least one terminal device, for each subframe, the management information of the subframe includes an identifier of the terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs and information on the occupied time-frequency resources, where i and m are both greater than or equal to 1; and sending the at least one downlink frame.

[0006] In the solution disclosed in the present invention, in a point-to-multipoint communication system, for downlink service data flows, the central office equipment dynamically and flexibly schedules time-frequency resources at the physical layer based on the channel parameters of the terminal equipment and the amount of downlink data, and designs subframes and management information of subframes after the current subframe is sent. This not only avoids the problems of large service data cache and high latency in centralized management solutions, but also allows the terminal equipment to determine in the subframe whether the subsequent subframe has its own data, thereby being able to work stably in the time slots where downlink data exists, and shut down some algorithm functions in the time slots where no downlink data exists, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal equipment.

[0007] In an optional manner, m is equal to 1. In this way, the management information of the current subframe is carried in the previous subframe, and the management information of the current subframe only needs to be stored for one subframe interval, which is short in storage time and can save storage space.

[0008] In an optional manner, at least one downlink frame is generated based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the data volume of the downlink data, including: determining management information for each subframe in each downlink frame based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the data volume of the downlink data, and sealing the downlink data of each terminal device based on the management information corresponding to each subframe to generate the at least one downlink frame.

[0009] In the solution disclosed in the present disclosure, the central office device first determines the management information, and then uses the management information to frame the downlink data to generate a downlink frame.

[0010] In an optional manner, management information is determined for each subframe in each downlink frame based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data, including: for each subframe, determining the target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs, and based on the channel parameters of the target terminal device, determining the spectrum resource occupancy order corresponding to the target terminal device in the spectrum resources currently available in the subframe, wherein the frequency of the spectrum resources occupied by the first terminal device is higher than the frequency of the spectrum resources occupied by the second terminal device, and the channel quality indicated by the channel parameters of the first terminal device is higher than the channel quality indicated by the channel parameters of the second terminal device, and based on the spectrum resource occupancy order and the amount of downlink data of the target terminal device, determining the time-frequency resources occupied by the target terminal device in the time-frequency resources currently available in the subframe.

[0011] In the scheme shown in the present disclosure, for each subframe, the noise of high-frequency spectrum resources is higher than that of low-frequency spectrum resources. Even if a terminal with good channel quality uses high-noise spectrum resources for data transmission, it can still receive data correctly. However, for a terminal with poor channel quality, using high-noise spectrum resources for data transmission may not be able to receive data correctly. Therefore, terminal devices with good channel quality use high-frequency spectrum resources, and terminal devices with poor channel quality use low-frequency spectrum resources, so as to enable each terminal to receive data correctly as much as possible.

[0012] In an optional manner, the management information of each subframe also includes a modulation format; based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data, the management information is determined for each subframe in each downlink frame, including: for each subframe, determining the target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs, and based on the correspondence between the channel parameter range and the modulation format, determining the modulation format corresponding to the channel parameters of the target terminal device.

[0013] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, the central office device can also select a suitable modulation format for the terminal device based on the channel parameters of the terminal device, thereby making data transmission more flexible.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the management information of each subframe also includes a coding format. The management information is determined for each subframe in each downlink frame based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data, including: for each subframe, determining the target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs, and determining the coding format used by the target terminal device based on one or more of the spectrum resources, modulation format, and channel parameters of the target terminal device. Alternatively, the coding format used by the target terminal device is randomly selected from currently available coding formats.

[0015] In the solution disclosed in the present disclosure, the central office device can also select a suitable encoding format for the terminal device, making data transmission more flexible. Alternatively, the central office device randomly selects an encoding format for the terminal device, saving selection resources.

[0016] In the second aspect, the present disclosure provides a point-to-multipoint communication method, which is applied to a terminal device in a point-to-multipoint communication system. The method includes: receiving a downlink frame sent by a central-end device in the communication system, decapsulating the downlink frame, and parsing management information in each subframe of the downlink frame, wherein the i-th subframe carries the management information of the i+m-th subframe and downlink data of at least one terminal device. For each subframe, the management information of the subframe includes an identifier of the terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs and information on the occupied time-frequency resources, where i and m are both greater than or equal to 1, and based on the identifier of the terminal device and the information on the time-frequency resources in the parsed management information, the downlink data of the current device is obtained in the downlink frame.

[0017] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, in a point-to-multipoint communication system, after a terminal device receives a downlink frame sent by a central office device, it reads the management information of the subframe from the subframe included in the downlink frame, and reads the downlink data based on the management information.

[0018] In an optional manner, the management information of each subframe also includes a modulation format, and based on the identification of the terminal device and the information of time-frequency resources in the parsed management information, the downlink data of the device is obtained in the downlink frame, including: for each subframe, if it is determined based on the management information of the subframe that the subframe carries the downlink data of the device, then the time-frequency resource information and modulation format of the device are obtained in the management information of the subframe, and based on the obtained time-frequency resource information and modulation format, the downlink data of the device is obtained in the subframe.

[0019] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, when the management information of the subframe also includes the modulation format, the terminal device obtains the downlink data in the subframe according to the corresponding modulation format.

[0020] In an optional manner, the method further includes: if it is determined based on the management information of the subframe that the subframe does not carry downlink data of the device, then disabling a function for obtaining downlink data in a time slot corresponding to the subframe.

[0021] In the solution disclosed in the present invention, for any subframe, the management information of the subframe is carried in the previous subframe, so the terminal device can know in advance whether the subframe carries data of this device. When it does not carry data of this device, it can turn off the function of obtaining downlink data in the time slot corresponding to the subframe, thereby saving power consumption.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a point-to-multipoint communication device, which is applied to a central office device and has the function of implementing the first aspect or any optional embodiment of the first aspect. The device includes at least one module, which is configured to implement the point-to-multipoint communication method provided in the first aspect or any optional embodiment of the first aspect.

[0023] In some embodiments, the modules in the device are implemented by software, and the modules in the device are program modules. In other embodiments, the modules in the device are implemented by hardware or firmware.

[0024] In a fourth aspect, the present disclosure provides a point-to-multipoint communication device, which is applied to a terminal device and has the function of implementing the first aspect or any optional embodiment of the first aspect. The device includes at least one module, which is configured to implement the point-to-multipoint communication method provided in the second aspect or any optional embodiment of the second aspect.

[0025] In some embodiments, the modules in the device are implemented by software, and the modules in the device are program modules. In other embodiments, the modules in the device are implemented by hardware or firmware.

[0026] In a fifth aspect, the present disclosure provides a central office device, the central office device including a memory and a processor;

[0027] The memory is used to store computer instructions;

[0028] The processor is used to execute computer instructions to enable the central office device to implement the point-to-multipoint communication method provided by the first aspect or any optional manner of the first aspect.

[0029] In a sixth aspect, the present disclosure provides a terminal device, the terminal device including a memory and a processor;

[0030] The memory is used to store computer instructions;

[0031] The processor is used to execute computer instructions so that the terminal device implements the point-to-multipoint communication method provided by the above-mentioned second aspect or any optional manner of the second aspect.

[0032] In the seventh aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores at least one computer instruction, and the computer instruction is read by a processor to enable the local terminal device to execute the point-to-multipoint communication method provided by the above-mentioned first aspect or any optional method of the first aspect.

[0033] In an eighth aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one computer instruction, which is read by a processor to enable a terminal device to execute the point-to-multipoint communication method provided in the second aspect or any optional method of the second aspect.

[0034] In a ninth aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer program product, comprising computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a central office device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the central office device to perform the point-to-multipoint communication method provided in the first aspect or any optional embodiment of the first aspect.

[0035] In a tenth aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer program product, comprising computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a terminal device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the terminal device to perform the point-to-multipoint communication method provided in the second aspect or any optional embodiment of the second aspect.

[0036] In the eleventh aspect, the present disclosure provides a point-to-multipoint communication system, which includes a central office device and a terminal device, wherein the central office device executes the point-to-multipoint communication method provided by the above-mentioned first aspect or any optional method of the first aspect, and the terminal device executes the point-to-multipoint communication method provided by the above-mentioned second aspect or any optional method of the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a point-to-multipoint communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a PON system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hardware device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] FIG4 is a flow chart of a point-to-multipoint communication method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a downlink frame provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of time-frequency resources in a subframe provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of time-frequency resources in a subframe provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a point-to-multipoint communication device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a point-to-multipoint communication device provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clear, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Flex-rate PON communication technology is considered a key technology for next-generation PON system research. Compared to traditional PON systems, flex-rate PON systems leverage additional dimensions like frequency to achieve flexible scheduling, improved net throughput, and enhanced communication pipelines. Leveraging the advantages of flex-rate PON's multi-dimensional physical information carrying capacity is a key research direction for joint scheduling solutions.

[0048] Traditional PON systems use a communication architecture that uses downstream broadcast and upstream time division. Upstream flex rate solutions can be designed by directly introducing frequency and other dimensions into the dynamic bandwidth assignment (DBA) algorithm. However, traditional downstream broadcast solutions cannot meet the design requirements for downstream flex rates. A new downstream flex rate scheduling solution aims to achieve real-time service scheduling based on downstream service traffic and channel quality.

[0049] Based on this, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, a point-to-multipoint communication method is provided for downlink communication. In this method, subframes and management information sent along with the subframes are designed to dynamically schedule downlink communication.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, FIG1 provides a schematic diagram of a point-to-multipoint communication system, which includes a central office device and multiple terminal devices, and the central office device and the multiple terminal devices are connected via optical fibers.

[0051] In one optional embodiment, the point-to-multipoint communication system is a PON system. As shown in Figure 2, the PON system includes central office equipment, an optical distribution network (ODN), and multiple terminal devices. The central office equipment is an optical line terminal (OLT), and the terminal devices are optical network units (ONUs) or optical network terminals (ONTs). The central office equipment is connected to the ODN via optical fiber, and the ODN is connected to the terminal devices via optical fiber.

[0052] The hardware structure of the central office equipment and terminal equipment is described below.

[0053] The hardware structure of the central office device and the terminal device is shown in the structural diagram of the device 300 shown in FIG3 . Referring to FIG3 , the device 300 includes a processor 301 , a memory 302 , a transceiver 303 and a communication bus 304 .

[0054] The processor 301 is, for example, a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a neural-network processing unit (NPU), a data processing unit (DPU), a microprocessor, or one or more integrated circuits for implementing the disclosed solution. For example, the processor 301 includes an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD is, for example, a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.

[0055] The memory 302 is used to store instructions. The memory 302 may be, for example, a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, an optical disc storage (including a compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired computer instructions in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 302 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 301 via the communication bus 304. The memory 302 may also be integrated with the processor 301.

[0056] The transceiver 303 is used for the device 300 to communicate with other devices. The transceiver 303 is an optical transceiver device.

[0057] Communication bus 304 is used to transmit information between the above components. Communication bus 304 can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is used in Figure 3, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0058] In some embodiments, the memory 302 is used to store computer instructions 3021 for executing the point-to-multipoint communication method of the present disclosure, and the processor 301 executes the computer instructions 3021 stored in the memory 302. That is, the device 300 can implement the point-to-multipoint communication method provided in the method embodiment through the processor 301 and the computer instructions 3021 in the memory 302.

[0059] The following describes the method flow of the point-to-multipoint communication method. FIG4 provides a schematic diagram of the method flow, see steps 401 to 406 .

[0060] Step 401: The central office device obtains the channel parameters and the amount of downlink data of each terminal device that currently has downlink data.

[0061] In this embodiment, in a point-to-multipoint communication system, each terminal device periodically sends a channel detection signal to the central office device. The channel detection signal has fixed content and is used by the central office device to determine channel parameters. Channel parameters include signal-to-noise ratio and / or bit error rate, etc. The signal-to-noise ratio represents the ratio of signal strength to noise strength. A higher signal-to-noise ratio represents better channel quality. The bit error rate represents the rate at which errors occur during transmission. A lower bit error rate represents better channel quality. The central office device can use the received channel detection signal and the known channel detection signal to determine the signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate, etc. This is only an example of channel parameters. Any parameter that can characterize channel quality can be used as a channel parameter in the embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, channel parameters also include transmission rate, etc.

[0062] In addition, a service queue exists in the central office device, which includes sequentially arranged downlink data from each terminal device. The downlink data in the service queue is arranged in the form of service packets. For example, the service queue includes multiple sequentially arranged Ethernet frames.

[0063] Step 402: The central office device generates at least one downlink frame based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data.

[0064] Among them, each downlink frame includes multiple subframes, and the number of subframes included in each downlink frame can be designed according to actual needs. The lengths of different subframes are the same, and the lengths are also designed according to actual needs. For example, the length of the downlink frame is characterized by the time length. The length of each downlink frame is N microseconds, including M subframes, and the length of each subframe is N / M microseconds. In each downlink frame, the i-th subframe carries the management information of the i+m-th subframe and the downlink data of at least one terminal device, and the last subframe carries the identifier indicating the end of the current downlink frame and the downlink data of at least one terminal device, and i and m are both greater than or equal to 1. For each subframe, the management information of the subframe includes the identifier of the terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs and the information of the occupied time-frequency resources. The information of the time-frequency resources is used to indicate the location of the time-frequency resources. Here, after the point-to-multipoint communication system goes online, in each downlink frame, the management information of the first subframe (i.e., the management information not carried by the subframe) is broadcast by the central office device to all terminal devices, or in each downlink frame, it is agreed that the management information not carried by the first subframe in each downlink frame is carried by the first subframe in each downlink frame.

[0065] In this embodiment, the central office device uses the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data to determine the downlink data carried by each subframe, and then fills the downlink data carried by each subframe into the corresponding subframe to generate a downlink frame.

[0066] In an optional manner, m is equal to 1, which means that each subframe carries the management information of the next subframe and the downlink data of at least one terminal device. When m is equal to 1, in each downlink frame, the management information of the first subframe is broadcast in advance by the central office device to all terminal devices, or it is agreed that the management information of the first subframe and the management information of the second subframe are both carried by the first subframe, or the first subframe does not carry the data of the terminal device, and the first subframe carries the management information of the second subframe. In each downlink frame, the last subframe does not carry management information, but carries an identifier indicating the end of the current frame and the downlink data of at least one terminal device. For example, a schematic diagram of a downlink frame is shown in FIG5 . Referring to FIG5 , the downlink frame includes P subframes, each of which includes a subframe header and a payload. The subframe header of the first subframe carries the management information of the second subframe, and the payload of the first subframe carries the physical control block downstream (PCBd), indicating that the first subframe does not carry the downlink data of the terminal device. For each subframe from the second subframe to the P-1 subframe, the subframe header of the subframe carries the management information of the next subframe, and the payload carries the downlink data of at least one terminal device. The subframe header of the P-th subframe carries an identifier indicating the end of the current downlink frame, and the payload carries the downlink data of at least one terminal device. In addition, the position of the management information in the subframe can be set according to actual needs, or it can be placed in the subframe header.

[0067] It should be noted that after the terminal device receives a subframe, if the subframe header carries an identifier indicating the end of a downlink frame, the terminal device determines that the next subframe is the first subframe of a downlink frame.

[0068] In an optional manner, the process of generating a downlink frame is implemented at the physical layer. The central office device may first generate management information and then generate a downlink frame at the physical layer based on the management information. The processing process is as follows:

[0069] The central office device uses the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data to determine the management information of each subframe. Then, using the management information of each subframe, the downlink data of the terminal device is filled into the corresponding subframe to obtain at least one downlink frame.

[0070] Optionally, when the management information includes information about time-frequency resources and an identifier of a terminal device, there are multiple ways to determine the management information of each subframe. Three methods are provided below, see Methods 1 to 3. Method 1 is to schedule according to the spectrum priority principle, Method 2 is to schedule according to the time slot priority principle, and Method 3 is to schedule according to the modulation method priority principle.

[0071] In the first approach, the payload length of each subframe is fixed, and the amount of data each subframe can carry is fixed. The central office device determines the terminal device to which the downlink data carried by each subframe belongs based on the order of the service packets in the service queue. This is referred to as the target terminal device, which can include one or more terminal devices. For example, if each subframe carries 100MB of downlink data, data of a corresponding amount is selected from the service queue from the front to the back, and the terminal to which this data belongs is determined as the target terminal device. The corresponding amount of data is considered here because, when data is transmitted, it is modulated and encapsulated into frames. The data volumes before and after modulation may differ, so the data volume of the modulated data to be obtained is 100MB. Alternatively, if terminal devices have corresponding service priorities, the downlink data of terminal devices with higher service priorities is transmitted earlier, while the downlink data of terminal devices with lower service priorities is transmitted later. The central office device arranges the downlink data of high-priority terminal devices for transmission in the first subframes to be transmitted, based on the order of priority. Alternatively, when the terminal device has a corresponding service priority, the terminal device weights the service priority and the waiting time to obtain the weighted value corresponding to each terminal device, and arranges the downlink data of the terminal device with a large weighted value to be sent in the subframe sent first.

[0072] For a certain subframe, considering that the target terminal device includes one terminal device, the time-frequency resources occupied by the target terminal device are all time-frequency resources corresponding to the subframe, then the management information of the subframe includes the identification of the one terminal device and the information of all time-frequency resources.

[0073] For a certain subframe, considering the case where the target terminal device includes multiple terminal devices, the subframe corresponds to the entire spectrum resource in a certain time period, and the time period corresponds to the length of the payload in a single subframe. The central office device obtains the channel parameters of the multiple terminal devices, and uses the channel parameters of the multiple terminal devices to determine the spectrum resource occupancy order corresponding to the multiple terminal devices in the spectrum resources currently available in the subframe (the entire spectrum resources). The spectrum resource occupancy order is used to indicate the order in which each terminal device occupies the spectrum resources. Assuming that the multiple terminal devices include a first terminal device and a second terminal device, if the first channel quality value is higher than the second channel quality value, the first channel quality value is the channel quality value indicated by the channel parameter of the first terminal device, and the second channel quality value is the channel quality value indicated by the channel parameter of the second terminal device, then the frequency of the spectrum resource occupied by the first terminal device is higher than the frequency of the spectrum resource occupied by the second terminal device. This is because the noise of the spectrum resource with a high frequency is higher than that of the spectrum resource with a low frequency. Even if the terminal device with good channel quality uses the spectrum resource with a high noise for data transmission, it can still receive data correctly. For the terminal device with poor channel quality, using the spectrum resource with a high noise for data transmission may not be able to receive data correctly. Therefore, the terminal device with good channel quality uses the spectrum resource with a high frequency, and the terminal device with poor channel quality uses the spectrum resource with a low frequency.

[0074] The spectrum resources of each subframe are divided into multiple scheduling particles, and the sizes of the multiple scheduling particles are the same. The size of the scheduling particles is determined by the scheduling capacity of the point-to-multipoint communication system. The higher the scheduling capacity, the smaller the scheduling particles, and vice versa. The smaller the scheduling capacity, the larger the scheduling particles. For example, in Figures 6 and 7, a small grid is a scheduling particle, and the time slot of the scheduling particle is 1ns and the spectrum resource is 100M. In the order of spectrum resource occupation, the central office device obtains the terminal device ranked first, and the terminal device preferentially occupies the high-frequency spectrum resources, and obtains the modulation format of the terminal device. Based on the modulation format, the data volume of the downlink data of the terminal device is determined. In the currently available time-frequency resources, the scheduling particles are selected in sequence from high frequency to low frequency using the data volume to obtain the spectrum resources and time slot resources occupied by the terminal device, that is, the time-frequency resources occupied by the terminal device. Then obtain the second-ranked terminal device, obtain the modulation format of the terminal device, determine the data volume after the downlink data of the terminal device is modulated based on the modulation format, and use the data volume to select scheduling particles from high frequency to low frequency in the currently available time-frequency resources to obtain the spectrum resources and time slot resources occupied by the terminal device, that is, to obtain the time-frequency resources occupied by the terminal device. In this way, the time-frequency resources occupied by each terminal device are determined. For example, Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of a subframe. For each subframe, it includes 128 scheduling particles, of which management information occupies 16 scheduling particles of the first time slot, and the load occupies 112 scheduling particles of the second to eighth time slots. The target terminal devices to which the downlink data carried by a subframe belongs include terminal devices 1 to terminal devices 3. The channel quality of terminal devices 1 to terminal devices 3 is getting worse and worse, and the frequency of the spectrum resources occupied by terminal devices 1 to terminal devices 3 is getting lower and lower.

[0075] In the second approach, the central office device prioritizes downlink data from terminal devices with large data volumes. Based on this principle, the central office device determines the target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by each subframe belongs. This also considers the case where the target terminal devices include multiple terminal devices. The central office device determines the spectrum resource occupation order of the multiple terminal devices based on their channel parameters. Assume that the multiple terminal devices include a first terminal device and a second terminal device, and the first channel quality value is higher than the second channel quality value. The first channel quality value is the channel quality value indicated by the channel parameters of the first terminal device, and the second channel quality value is the channel quality value indicated by the channel parameters of the second terminal device. In this spectrum resource occupation order, the first terminal device is ranked earlier than the second terminal device. The central office device then obtains the first-ranked terminal device, which prioritizes high-frequency spectrum resources, and obtains the modulation format of the terminal device. Based on the modulation format, it determines the modulated data volume of the downlink data of the terminal device. Using this data volume, it selects scheduling granules in descending order of frequency from the currently available time-frequency resources to obtain the spectrum resources and time slot resources occupied by the terminal device, i.e., the time-frequency resources occupied by the terminal device. Then, the second-ranked terminal device is obtained, the modulation format of the terminal device is obtained, and the data volume after modulation of the downlink data of the terminal device is determined based on the modulation format. In the currently available time-frequency resources, the scheduling particles are selected in order from high to low frequency using the data volume to obtain the spectrum resources and time slot resources occupied by the terminal device. The time-frequency resources occupied by each terminal device are determined in this way. For example, Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of a subframe. For each subframe, 128 scheduling particles are included, of which management information occupies 16 scheduling particles of the first time slot, and the payload occupies 112 scheduling particles of the second to eighth time slots. The i-th subframe carries the downlink data of terminal devices 1 to 3, and the i+1-th subframe carries the downlink data of terminal devices 4 to 7. The downlink data volume of terminal devices 1 to 3 is higher than the downlink data volume of terminal devices 4 to 7. The channel quality of terminal devices 1 to 3 is getting worse and worse, and the frequency of the spectrum occupied by terminal devices 1 to 3 is getting lower and lower. The channel quality between terminal device 4 and terminal device 7 becomes worse and worse, and the frequency of the spectrum occupied by terminal device 4 to terminal device 7 becomes lower and lower.

[0076] It should be noted that in Method 1 and Method 2, the modulation format of the terminal device can be a fixed modulation format or a modulation format randomly selected from a modulation format set. When the modulation format is a fixed modulation format, the management information may not carry the modulation format, and the modulation format is statically configured in the central office device and the terminal device. When the modulation format is a randomly selected modulation format, the management information carries the modulation format so that the terminal device can correctly demodulate the data. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the modulation format includes but is not limited to quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM).

[0077] Method three: For each subframe, according to method one, the central office device determines the target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs. Considering the case where the target terminal device includes multiple terminal devices, the central office device determines the spectrum resource occupancy order of the multiple terminal devices according to the modulation formats of the multiple terminal devices. Assuming that the multiple terminal devices include a first terminal device and a second terminal device, the signal-to-noise ratio required by the modulation format of the first terminal device is higher than the signal-to-noise ratio required by the modulation format of the second terminal device. In the time slot resource occupancy order, the first terminal device is ranked later than the second terminal device. Then, in the spectrum resource occupancy order, the central office device obtains the terminal device that ranks first. The terminal device preferentially occupies high-frequency spectrum resources, and obtains the modulation format of the terminal device. Based on the modulation format, the data volume after modulation of the downlink data of the terminal device is determined. In the currently available time-frequency resources, the scheduling granules are selected in sequence from high frequency to low frequency using the data volume to obtain the spectrum resources and time slot resources occupied by the terminal device, that is, the time-frequency resources occupied by the terminal device. Then, the second-ranked terminal device is obtained, and its modulation format is obtained. Based on this modulation format, the data volume of the modulated downlink data of the terminal device is determined. Using this data volume, scheduling granules are selected from the currently available time-frequency resources, from high to low frequencies, to obtain the spectrum resources and time slot resources occupied by the terminal device, that is, the time-frequency resources occupied by the terminal device. The time-frequency resources occupied by the target terminal device are determined in this manner.

[0078] It should be noted that the above are three possible scheduling methods. Any scheduling method based on channel parameters and downlink data volume can be applied to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0079] It should also be noted that in the above three methods, there may be a maximum limit on the number of target terminal devices corresponding to each subframe.

[0080] Optionally, for each terminal device, if the channel parameter of the terminal device includes multiple dimensions, the channel parameters of the multiple dimensions are weighted and combined into a channel quality value indicating channel quality. If the channel parameter of the terminal device includes one dimension, the channel parameter is converted into a channel quality value indicating channel quality, where a larger channel quality value indicates better channel quality. Alternatively, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the channel parameter itself is the channel quality value.

[0081] Optionally, when the management information also includes a modulation format, the modulation format of the terminal device is determined as follows.

[0082] For each subframe, the central office device uses the method described above to determine the target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs. The central office device then obtains the channel parameters of the target terminal device and the corresponding relationship between the channel parameter range and the modulation format. In this corresponding relationship, the modulation format corresponding to the channel parameter range is the modulation format that satisfies the channel parameter range. This corresponding relationship can be stored in the form of a table. Based on this corresponding relationship, the central office device determines the channel parameter range to which the channel parameters of the target terminal device belong, determines the modulation format corresponding to the channel parameter range, and determines it as the modulation format corresponding to the target terminal device.

[0083] It should be noted that in the correspondence between the channel parameter range and the modulation format, there may be a situation where different modulation formats correspond to partially overlapping channel parameter ranges. In this case, when the channel parameter range to which a certain channel parameter belongs corresponds to multiple modulation formats, one of the modulation formats can be randomly selected.

[0084] Optionally, in the case where the management information further includes a coding format, the process of determining the management information of each subframe is as follows.

[0085] For each subframe, the central office device uses the above method to determine the target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs. Here, it is also considered that the target terminal device includes multiple terminal devices. The central office device randomly selects a coding format for each terminal device from the currently available coding formats.

[0086] Alternatively, for each terminal device, the central office device uses one or more of the terminal device's spectrum resources, modulation format, and channel parameters to determine the error correction capability corresponding to the terminal device. For example, a correspondence table can be pre-established and the error correction capability can be searched in the correspondence table, or the error correction capability can be calculated using a formula. Then, from the currently available coding formats, a coding format that meets the error correction capability is selected and determined as the coding format used by the terminal device.

[0087] Optionally, the encoding format includes but is not limited to forward error correction (FEC) encoding and the like.

[0088] It should be noted that the management information may include both the modulation format and the coding format, or may include one of them.

[0089] Step 403: The central office device sends the at least one downlink frame.

[0090] In this embodiment, the central office device transmits at least one downstream frame to the terminal device via an optical fiber, and all terminal devices connected to the central office device by an optical fiber receive the at least one downstream frame. For example, in a point-to-multipoint communication system such as a PON system, the OLT transmits at least one downstream frame to the terminal device via the ODN.

[0091] It should be noted that when sending each downlink frame, it can be sent after each subframe is filled, without having to wait until all subframes of a downlink frame are filled before sending them together.

[0092] Step 404: The terminal device receives a downlink frame sent by the central office device in the point-to-multipoint communication system.

[0093] In step 405, the terminal device decapsulates the downlink frame and parses the management information in each subframe of the downlink frame, wherein the i-th subframe carries the management information of the i+m-th subframe and the downlink data of at least one terminal device. For each subframe, the management information of the subframe includes the identification of the terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs and the information of the occupied time-frequency resources.

[0094] In this embodiment, after receiving a downlink frame, the terminal device decapsulates the downlink frame and parses the management information at the location of the management information in each subframe. For example, for each subframe, the management information is located in the first time slot at the beginning of the subframe. The management information carried in the subframe is obtained by parsing the spectrum resources in the first time slot.

[0095] In an optional manner, m is equal to 1. In this way, the management information of the current subframe is carried in the previous subframe.

[0096] Step 406: The terminal device obtains the downlink data of the device in the downlink frame based on the identifier of the terminal device and the information of time-frequency resources in the parsed management information.

[0097] Among them, the local device is the terminal device currently receiving the downlink frame.

[0098] In this embodiment, for each subframe, the terminal device uses the management information in the subframe to determine whether the terminal device's identifier exists. If the terminal device's identifier exists, the central office device obtains the time-frequency resource information corresponding to the identifier from the management information and uses the time-frequency resource information to obtain its own downlink data in the mth subframe following the subframe. If the terminal device's identifier does not exist, the terminal device does not obtain downlink data in the mth subframe following the subframe.

[0099] In an optional manner, the management information also includes a modulation format. For each subframe, the terminal device uses the management information in the subframe to determine whether the device identifier exists. If the device identifier exists, the terminal device obtains the time-frequency resource information and modulation format corresponding to the identifier from the management information, and uses the time-frequency resource information and the modulation format to obtain its own downlink data in the mth subframe following the subframe. If the device identifier does not exist, the terminal device does not obtain downlink data in the mth subframe following the subframe.

[0100] In an optional manner, the management information also includes a coding format. For each subframe, the terminal device uses the management information in the subframe to determine whether the device identifier exists. If the device identifier exists, the terminal device obtains the time-frequency resource information and coding format corresponding to the identifier from the management information, and uses the time-frequency resource information and the coding format to obtain its own downlink data in the mth subframe following the subframe. If the device identifier does not exist, the terminal device does not obtain downlink data in the mth subframe following the subframe.

[0101] In an optional manner, the management information further includes a modulation format and a coding format. Then, when acquiring downlink data, both the modulation format and the coding format are considered.

[0102] In an optional manner, after determining that no downlink data of the terminal device exists in a subframe, the terminal device may turn off a functional module for acquiring downlink data to save power consumption.

[0103] Using the process shown in Figure 4, downlink service data flows can be dynamically and flexibly scheduled at the physical layer. Furthermore, by designing the subframes and the frame structure of the management information delivered with them, the issues of large service data buffers and high latency inherent in centralized management information solutions are avoided. Furthermore, when receiving data, the terminal device can determine whether it needs to receive downlink data based on the management information in the subframe. This allows for stable operation during timeslots with downlink data (i.e., authorized timeslots) and disables certain algorithm modules during timeslots without downlink data (i.e., unauthorized timeslots), thereby reducing power consumption.

[0104] The following describes the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0105] Figure 8 is a block diagram of a point-to-multipoint communication device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. This device can be implemented as part or all of a device using software, hardware, or a combination of both. The device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure can implement the process described in steps 401 to 403 in Figure 4 of the embodiment of the present disclosure. The device includes: an acquisition module 810, a generation module 820, and a sending module 830, wherein:

[0106] The acquisition module 810 is used to obtain the channel parameters and the amount of downlink data of each terminal device that currently has downlink data. Specifically, it can be used to implement the acquisition function of step 401 and execute the implicit steps included in step 401;

[0107] A generation module 820 is configured to generate at least one downlink frame based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data, wherein the downlink frame includes multiple subframes, and in each downlink frame, the i-th subframe carries management information of the i+m-th subframe and downlink data of at least one terminal device. For each subframe, the subframe management information includes an identifier of the terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs and information about the occupied time-frequency resources, where both i and m are greater than or equal to 1. This module can be specifically used to implement the generation function of step 402 and execute the implicit steps included in step 402;

[0108] The sending module 830 is used to send the at least one downlink frame, and can be specifically used to implement the sending function of step 403 and execute the implicit steps included in step 403.

[0109] In an optional embodiment, m is equal to 1.

[0110] In an optional manner, the generating module 820 is configured to:

[0111] Determining management information for each subframe in each downlink frame based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data;

[0112] Based on the management information corresponding to each subframe, the downlink data of each terminal device is framed to generate the at least one downlink frame.

[0113] In an optional manner, the generating module 820 is configured to:

[0114] For each subframe, determining a target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs;

[0115] Based on the channel parameters of the target terminal devices, determining, in the spectrum resources currently available in the subframe, an order of occupancy of the spectrum resources corresponding to the target terminal devices, wherein the frequency of the spectrum resources occupied by the first terminal device is higher than the frequency of the spectrum resources occupied by the second terminal device, and the channel quality indicated by the channel parameters of the first terminal device is higher than the channel quality indicated by the channel parameters of the second terminal device;

[0116] Based on the spectrum resource occupation order and the data volume of the downlink data of the target terminal device, the time-frequency resources occupied by the target terminal device are determined in the time-frequency resources currently available in the subframe.

[0117] In an optional manner, the management information of each subframe also includes a modulation format;

[0118] The generating module 820 is configured to:

[0119] For each subframe, determining a target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs;

[0120] Based on the correspondence between the channel parameter range and the modulation format, the modulation format corresponding to the channel parameter of the target terminal device is determined.

[0121] In an optional manner, the management information of each subframe also includes a coding format;

[0122] The generating module 820 is configured to:

[0123] For each subframe, determining a target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs;

[0124] Determine the coding format used by the target terminal device based on one or more of the spectrum resources, modulation format, and channel parameters of the target terminal device; or

[0125] Among the currently available encoding formats, the encoding format used by the target terminal device is randomly selected.

[0126] Figure 9 is a block diagram of a point-to-multipoint communication device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The device can be implemented as part or all of a device through software, hardware, or a combination of both. The device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure can implement the process described in steps 404 to 406 in Figure 4 of the embodiment of the present disclosure. The device includes: a receiving module 910 and a parsing module 920, wherein:

[0127] The receiving module 910 is used to receive the downlink frame sent by the central office device in the communication system, and can be used to implement the receiving function of step 404 and execute the implicit steps included in step 404;

[0128] The parsing module 920 is used to:

[0129] Decapsulating the downlink frame, parsing management information in each subframe of the downlink frame, wherein the i-th subframe carries management information of the i+m-th subframe and downlink data of at least one terminal device, and for each subframe, the management information of the subframe includes an identifier of the terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs and information about occupied time-frequency resources, where i and m are both greater than or equal to 1;

[0130] Based on the identification of the terminal device and the information of time-frequency resources in the parsed management information, the downlink data of this device is obtained in the downlink frame, which can be specifically used to implement the parsing functions of steps 405 and 406 and execute the implicit steps contained in steps 405 and 406.

[0131] In an optional manner, the management information of each subframe also includes a modulation format;

[0132] The analysis module 920 is used to:

[0133] For each subframe, if it is determined based on the management information of the subframe that the subframe carries downlink data of the local device, then obtaining the time-frequency resource information and modulation format of the local device from the management information of the subframe;

[0134] Based on the acquired time-frequency resource information and modulation format, downlink data of the local device is acquired in the subframe.

[0135] In an optional manner, the receiving module 910 is further configured to disable a function for obtaining downlink data in a time slot corresponding to the subframe if it is determined, based on the management information of the subframe, that the subframe does not carry downlink data of the device.

[0136] The detailed process of performing point-to-multipoint communication by the point-to-multipoint communication devices shown in Figures 8 and 9 is described in the previous embodiments and will not be repeated here. The point-to-multipoint communication device shown in Figure 8 is the central office device mentioned above, and the point-to-multipoint communication device shown in Figure 9 is the terminal device mentioned above.

[0137] In some embodiments, a computer program product is provided, comprising computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a central office device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the central office device to perform steps 401 to 403 of the process shown in FIG. 4 .

[0138] In some embodiments, a computer program product is provided, comprising computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a terminal device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the terminal device to perform steps 404 to 406 of the process shown in FIG. 4 .

[0139] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various method steps and units described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this disclosure can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the steps and components of each embodiment have been generally described in terms of function in the above description. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this disclosure.

[0140] In the several embodiments provided in the present disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed system architecture, device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiment described above is only schematic. For example, the division of the module is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or modules, or it can be an electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.

[0141] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0142] In addition, the modules in the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be integrated into a single processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into a single module. The integrated modules may be implemented in the form of hardware or software modules.

[0143] If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present disclosure is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method in each embodiment of the present disclosure. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0144] In the present disclosure, the terms "first" and "second" and the like are used to distinguish between identical or similar items having substantially the same effects and functions. It should be understood that there is no logical or temporal dependency between "first" and "second", nor is there a limit on quantity and execution order. It should also be understood that although the following description uses the terms "first" and "second" and the like to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by the terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the various examples, a first terminal device may be referred to as a second terminal device, and similarly, a second terminal device may be referred to as a first terminal device. Both the first terminal device and the second terminal device may be terminal devices, and in some cases, may be separate and different terminal devices.

[0145] The term "at least one" in the present disclosure means one or more, and the term "plurality" in the present disclosure means two or more.

[0146] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure, and such modifications or substitutions should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A point-to-multipoint communication method, characterized in that: The method is applied to a central office device in a point-to-multipoint communication system, and the method comprises: Obtain the channel parameters and downlink data volume of each terminal device that currently has downlink data; Generate at least one downlink frame based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data, wherein the downlink frame includes multiple subframes, and in each downlink frame, the i-th subframe carries management information of the i+m-th subframe and downlink data of at least one terminal device, and for each subframe, the subframe management information includes an identifier of the terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs and information about occupied time-frequency resources, where i and m are both greater than or equal to 1; The at least one downlink frame is sent.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that m is equal to 1.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The generating at least one downlink frame based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data includes: Determining management information for each subframe in each downlink frame based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data; Based on the management information corresponding to each subframe, the downlink data of each terminal device is framed to generate the at least one downlink frame.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The determining, based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data, management information for each subframe in each downlink frame includes: For each subframe, determining a target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs; Based on the channel parameters of the target terminal devices, determining, in the spectrum resources currently available in the subframe, an order of occupancy of the spectrum resources corresponding to the target terminal devices, wherein the frequency of the spectrum resources occupied by the first terminal device is higher than the frequency of the spectrum resources occupied by the second terminal device, and the channel quality indicated by the channel parameters of the first terminal device is higher than the channel quality indicated by the channel parameters of the second terminal device; Based on the spectrum resource occupation order and the data volume of the downlink data of the target terminal device, the time-frequency resources occupied by the target terminal device are determined in the time-frequency resources currently available in the subframe.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that The management information of each subframe also includes the modulation format; The determining, based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data, management information for each subframe in each downlink frame includes: For each subframe, determining a target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs; Based on the correspondence between the channel parameter range and the modulation format, the modulation format corresponding to the channel parameter of the target terminal device is determined.

6. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that The management information of each subframe also includes the coding format; The determining, based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data, management information for each subframe in each downlink frame includes: For each subframe, determining a target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs; Determine the coding format used by the target terminal device based on one or more of the spectrum resources, modulation format, and channel parameters of the target terminal device; or Among the currently available encoding formats, the encoding format used by the target terminal device is randomly selected.

7. A point-to-multipoint communication method, characterized in that: The method is applied to a terminal device in a point-to-multipoint communication system, and the method comprises: Receiving a downlink frame sent by a central office device in the communication system; Decapsulating the downlink frame, parsing management information in each subframe of the downlink frame, wherein the i-th subframe carries management information of the i+m-th subframe and downlink data of at least one terminal device, and for each subframe, the management information of the subframe includes an identifier of the terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs and information about occupied time-frequency resources, where i and m are both greater than or equal to 1; Based on the identification of the terminal device and the information of time-frequency resources in the parsed management information, the downlink data of the device is obtained in the downlink frame.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The management information of each subframe also includes the modulation format; The acquiring downlink data of the device in the downlink frame based on the identifier of the terminal device and the information of the time-frequency resources in the parsed management information includes: For each subframe, if it is determined based on the management information of the subframe that the subframe carries downlink data of the local device, then obtaining the time-frequency resource information and modulation format of the local device from the management information of the subframe; Based on the acquired time-frequency resource information and modulation format, downlink data of the local device is acquired in the subframe.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The method further comprises: If it is determined based on the management information of the subframe that the subframe does not carry the downlink data of the local device, a function for obtaining downlink data is disabled in the time slot corresponding to the subframe.

10. A point-to-multipoint communication device, characterized in that: The device is applied to a central office device in a point-to-multipoint communication system, and the device comprises: An acquisition module is used to obtain the channel parameters and the amount of downlink data of each terminal device that currently has downlink data; A generation module, configured to generate at least one downlink frame based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data, wherein the downlink frame includes multiple subframes, and in each downlink frame, the i-th subframe carries management information of the i+m-th subframe and downlink data of at least one terminal device, and for each subframe, the subframe management information includes an identifier of the terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs and information on occupied time-frequency resources, where i and m are both greater than or equal to 1; The sending module is configured to send the at least one downlink frame.

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that m is equal to 1.

12. The device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that The generating module is used to: Determining management information for each subframe in each downlink frame based on the channel parameters of each terminal device and the amount of downlink data; Based on the management information corresponding to each subframe, the downlink data of each terminal device is framed to generate the at least one downlink frame.

13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that The generating module is used to: For each subframe, determining a target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs; Based on the channel parameters of the target terminal devices, determining, in the spectrum resources currently available in the subframe, an order of occupancy of the spectrum resources corresponding to the target terminal devices, wherein the frequency of the spectrum resources occupied by the first terminal device is higher than the frequency of the spectrum resources occupied by the second terminal device, and the channel quality indicated by the channel parameters of the first terminal device is higher than the channel quality indicated by the channel parameters of the second terminal device; Based on the spectrum resource occupation order and the data volume of the downlink data of the target terminal device, the time-frequency resources occupied by the target terminal device are determined in the time-frequency resources currently available in the subframe.

14. The device according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that The management information of each subframe also includes the modulation format; The generating module is used to: For each subframe, determining a target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs; Based on the correspondence between the channel parameter range and the modulation format, the modulation format corresponding to the channel parameter of the target terminal device is determined.

15. The device according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that The management information of each subframe also includes the coding format; The generating module is used to: For each subframe, determining a target terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs; Determine the coding format used by the target terminal device based on one or more of the spectrum resources, modulation format, and channel parameters of the target terminal device; or Among the currently available encoding formats, the encoding format used by the target terminal device is randomly selected.

16. A point-to-multipoint communication device, characterized in that: The device is applied to a terminal device in a point-to-multipoint communication system, and the device includes: A receiving module, configured to receive downlink frames sent by a central office device in the communication system; Parsing module, used to: Decapsulating the downlink frame, parsing management information in each subframe of the downlink frame, wherein the i-th subframe carries management information of the i+m-th subframe and downlink data of at least one terminal device, and for each subframe, the management information of the subframe includes an identifier of the terminal device to which the downlink data carried by the subframe belongs and information about occupied time-frequency resources, where i and m are both greater than or equal to 1; Based on the identification of the terminal device and the information of time-frequency resources in the parsed management information, the downlink data of the device is obtained in the downlink frame.

17. The device according to claim 16, characterized in that The management information of each subframe also includes the modulation format; The parsing module is used to: For each subframe, if it is determined based on the management information of the subframe that the subframe carries downlink data of the local device, then obtaining the time-frequency resource information and modulation format of the local device from the management information of the subframe; Based on the acquired time-frequency resource information and modulation format, downlink data of the local device is acquired in the subframe.

18. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that The receiving module is further configured to disable a function for obtaining downlink data in a time slot corresponding to the subframe if it is determined based on the management information of the subframe that the subframe does not carry downlink data of the device.

19. A point-to-multipoint communication system, characterized in that: The system includes central office equipment and terminal equipment; The central office device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6; The terminal device executes the method according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

20. A central office device, characterized in that: The central office device includes a memory and a processor, the memory includes computer instructions, and the processor is configured to execute the computer instructions, so that the central office device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

21. A terminal device, characterized in that: The terminal device includes a memory and a processor, the memory includes computer instructions, and the processor is configured to execute the computer instructions, so that the terminal device executes the method according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

22. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium stores at least one computer instruction, and the computer instruction is read by the processor to enable the central office device to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

23. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium stores at least one computer instruction, and the computer instruction is read by a processor to enable the terminal device to execute the method according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

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