Blood pressure measurement method, user interface, and related apparatus

Abstract

The present application discloses a blood pressure measurement method, a user interface, and a related apparatus. The method comprises: starting a first blood pressure measurement, and acquiring a PPG signal collected when the air bag pressure value is smaller than a first value during the first blood pressure measurement; starting a second blood pressure measurement, and acquiring a PPG signal collected when the air bag pressure value is smaller than the first value during the second blood pressure measurement; and then, on the basis of the PPG signals and the airbag pressure values collected during the first blood pressure measurement and the second blood pressure measurement, determining the blood pressure change in the user from the first blood pressure measurement to the second blood pressure measurement. The method provides a novel blood pressure measurement algorithm, enabling the blood pressure change in the user between two blood pressure measurements to be calculated by means of the PPG signals and the air bag pressures collected during the blood pressure measurements.

Description

Blood pressure measurement method, user interface and related device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on April 2, 2024, with application number 202410397676.2, and the priority of the Chinese patent application entitled “Blood Pressure Measurement Method, User Interface and Related Devices”, all contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of terminal and computer technology, and in particular to a blood pressure measurement method, a user interface, and related devices. Background Art

[0003] Blood pressure refers to the lateral pressure per unit area of ​​blood vessel wall when blood flows in the blood vessels.

[0004] Blood pressure is a key physiological parameter that reflects a person's vital signs, and measuring it is a current research hotspot. Common blood pressure measurement algorithms include: First, using changes in light absorption by skin tissue caused by blood flow; second, using pressure pulses transmitted by blood vessels under external pressure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a blood pressure measurement method, a user interface, and related devices, which enable the use of collected data to analyze the user's blood pressure fluctuations while applying a relatively small airbag pressure.

[0006] In a first aspect, the method is applied to an electronic device, the electronic device including an airbag, the method including: applying a first pressure to the airbag, the first pressure including a pressure less than a first value, and during the process of applying the first pressure, collecting a first PPG signal when the applied pressure is less than the first value; applying a second pressure to the airbag, the second pressure including a pressure less than the first value, and during the process of applying the second pressure, collecting a second PPG signal when the applied pressure is less than the first value; and determining a blood pressure change value of the user between applying the first pressure and the second pressure based on the first PPG signal, the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure.

[0007] By implementing the method provided in the first aspect, the electronic device can collect the PPG signal when the airbag pressure is relatively low during the blood pressure measurement process, and use the airbag pressure and the PPG signal to calculate the blood pressure change value of the user between two blood pressure measurements.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, determining the blood pressure change value of the user between applying the first pressure and the second pressure based on the first PPG signal, the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure specifically includes: determining the blood pressure change value of the user between applying the first pressure and the second pressure based on the first PPG signal, the second PPG signal, the first pressure, the second pressure, and the relationship between the vascular flow and the difference between the blood pressure and the airbag pressure when the airbag pressure value is less than the first value, wherein the vascular flow is determined by the PPG signal.

[0009] It can be seen that this application uses the relationship between the difference between the user's blood pressure and the airbag pressure, and the blood vessel flow when the airbag pressure is less than the first value, combined with the airbag pressure and PPG signal collected during the blood pressure measurement process to calculate the user's blood pressure change trend, and realizes the use of algorithms to accurately analyze the user's blood pressure under the premise of theoretical support.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, when the balloon pressure value is less than a first value, the relationship between the blood vessel flow and the difference between the blood pressure and the balloon pressure is expressed by the following formula: Q≈a·SBP-a·F+b

[0011] Where Q represents vascular flow, SBP represents blood pressure, F represents cuff pressure, and a and b are constants.

[0012] That is, when the airbag pressure is less than the first value, the blood vessel flow rate and the difference between the blood pressure and the airbag pressure are in a linear relationship.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the first pressure includes: the pressure applied at the first time point and the pressure applied at the second time point, and the second pressure includes: the pressure applied at the third time point and the pressure applied at the fourth time point. Determining the blood pressure change value of the user between applying the first pressure and the second pressure specifically includes: determining a first intermediate value based on the pressure applied at the first time point, the pressure applied at the second time point, the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point are determined according to the first PPG signal; determining a second intermediate value based on the pressure applied at the third time point, the pressure applied at the fourth time point, the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point are determined according to the second PPG signal; and determining the difference between the first intermediate value and the second intermediate value as the blood pressure change value of the user between applying the first pressure and the second pressure.

[0014] It can be seen that the electronic device can use the airbag pressure and PPG signal corresponding to two time points during a blood pressure measurement to calculate an intermediate value. The difference between the intermediate values ​​calculated from the two blood pressure measurements is the blood pressure change value of the user between the two blood pressure measurements.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, Among them, X 11 represents the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point, X 12 represents the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point, F 11 represents the pressure applied at the first time point, F 12 represents the pressure applied at the second time point; Among them, X 21 represents the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point, X 22 represents the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point, F 21 represents the pressure applied at the third time point, F 22 represents the pressure applied at the fourth time point.

[0016] It can be seen that electronic devices can input the PPG signal and airbag pressure value collected during the blood pressure measurement process into the specified formula to accurately calculate the user's blood pressure change value.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point are obtained by linear fitting the first PPG signal; the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point are obtained by linear fitting the second PPG signal.

[0018] Considering that the PPG signal collected during the blood pressure measurement process is not stable enough, before the electronic device uses the PPG signal to calculate the user's blood pressure change value, the electronic device can perform linear fitting processing on the PPG signal to improve the stability of the data and thereby improve the accuracy of calculating the blood pressure change value.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the blood pressure change value includes: a systolic blood pressure change value, which is determined based on the first PPG signal, the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure to determine the blood pressure change value of the user between the first pressure and the second pressure, specifically including: determining the systolic blood pressure change value of the user between the application of the first pressure and the second pressure based on the peak value in the first PPG signal, the peak value in the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure; and / or, the blood pressure change value includes: a diastolic blood pressure change value, which is determined based on the first PPG signal, the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure to determine the blood pressure change value of the user from the application of the first pressure to the application of the second pressure, specifically including: determining the diastolic blood pressure change value of the user between the application of the first pressure and the second pressure based on the trough value in the first PPG signal, the trough value in the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure.

[0020] Since systolic blood pressure refers to the blood pressure when the arterial blood pressure reaches the highest value during heart contraction, and the peak value of the PPG signal reflects the absorption of light when the blood flow in the blood vessels is maximum, the peak value of the PPG signal can be used to analyze the user's systolic blood pressure. Correspondingly, diastolic blood pressure refers to the blood pressure when the arterial blood pressure reaches the lowest value during heart relaxation, and the trough value of the PPG signal reflects the absorption of light when the blood flow in the blood vessels is minimum, the trough value of the PPG signal can be used to analyze the user's diastolic blood pressure.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the blood pressure change value includes: a systolic blood pressure change value; the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point are obtained based on the peak value in the first PPG signal, and the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point are obtained based on the peak value in the second PPG signal.

[0022] The PPG signal corresponding to the first time point is the peak value of the first PPG signal at the first time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point is the peak value of the first PPG signal at the second time point. Alternatively, the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point are obtained by linear fitting of multiple peak values ​​in the first PPG signal.

[0023] That is to say, the systolic blood pressure change value can be calculated using the peak value in the PPG signal.

[0024] When calculating the systolic blood pressure change value, the peak value of the collected PPG signal can be directly used for formula calculation, or the peak value in the PPG signal can be linearly fitted first, and the fitted value can be used for formula calculation.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the blood pressure change value includes: a diastolic pressure change value; the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point are obtained based on the trough value in the first PPG signal, and the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point are obtained based on multiple trough values ​​in the second PPG signal.

[0026] The PPG signal corresponding to the first time point is the trough value of the first PPG signal at the first time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point is the trough value of the first PPG signal at the second time point. Alternatively, the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point are obtained by linearly fitting multiple trough values ​​in the first PPG signal.

[0027] That is to say, the diastolic pressure change value can be calculated using the trough value in the PPG signal.

[0028] When calculating the diastolic pressure change value, the trough value on the collected PPG signal can be directly used for the formula calculation, or the trough value in the PPG signal can be linearly fitted first, and the fitted value can be used for the formula calculation.

[0029] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the second pressure does not exceed a first value, and the first value is less than a pressure value required to block a blood vessel.

[0030] That is, when the electronic device applies the second pressure, the pressure applied to the user is smaller, which is smaller than the pressure required to block the blood vessels. This can reduce the user's discomfort when measuring blood pressure.

[0031] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, before applying the second pressure to the airbag, the method further includes: detecting that the user is in a sleeping state.

[0032] That is to say, since the embodiment of the present application can analyze the user's blood pressure change trend by using the data collected when the airbag pressure is small even if the pressure applied by the airbag is small, the blood pressure measurement method can be applied to the user's nighttime blood pressure measurement, expanding the application scenario of the blood pressure measurement method of the embodiment of the present application. At the same time, it also solves the current problems of nighttime blood pressure measurement and avoids the impact of nighttime blood pressure measurement on the user's sleep.

[0033] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the blood pressure change value is displayed.

[0034] In this way, users can view their blood pressure change values ​​between two blood pressure measurements, which helps users understand their blood pressure change trends over a period of time.

[0035] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the method further includes: obtaining the blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied; and determining the blood pressure value of the user when the second pressure is applied based on the blood pressure change value and the blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied.

[0036] As can be seen, if the user's calibrated blood pressure value from one blood pressure measurement is known, the user's measured blood pressure value from another blood pressure measurement can be determined. This allows the user to calculate their blood pressure value for the current measurement, even if the pressure applied by the electronic device during the blood pressure measurement is relatively low. As long as the known calibrated blood pressure value is used, the user's blood pressure value for the current measurement can be calculated.

[0037] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the blood pressure value of the user when the second pressure is applied is equal to the blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied, minus the blood pressure change value.

[0038] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the user's blood pressure value when the second pressure is applied is equal to the user's blood pressure value when the first pressure is applied, minus the blood pressure change value multiplied by a first coefficient; the first coefficient is determined based on M groups of blood pressure data, and the i-th group of blood pressure data includes: the blood pressure change value determined by the pressure applied to the airbag for the i-th and K-th times and the collected PPG signal, and the user's blood pressure value when the airbag pressure is applied for the i-th time, N≥1, i, K=1,2,…….,M+1, and K≠i.

[0039] Introducing the first coefficient to calculate the user's blood pressure can improve the accuracy of the blood pressure calculation result.

[0040] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the first coefficient is the slope of a straight line obtained by linear fitting of M groups of blood pressure data.

[0041] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the blood pressure value includes a systolic blood pressure value, and the systolic blood pressure value of the user when the second pressure is applied is equal to the systolic blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied, minus the change value of the systolic blood pressure of the user between applying the first pressure and applying the second pressure; and / or, the blood pressure value includes a diastolic blood pressure value, and the diastolic blood pressure value of the user when the second pressure is applied is equal to the diastolic blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied, minus the change value of the diastolic blood pressure of the user between applying the first pressure and applying the second pressure.

[0042] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied is measured by an external blood pressure measurement device or an electronic device.

[0043] That is, the measurement of the calibrated blood pressure value can be obtained by electronic equipment or other equipment.

[0044] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the first pressure includes the pressure value required to block the blood vessel, and the user's blood pressure value when the first pressure is applied is calculated by the electronic device based on the oscillation wave signal reflected by the blood vessel between no external pressure and blockage.

[0045] If the calibrated blood pressure value is measured by an electronic device, the electronic device can use a larger airbag pressure when performing a blood pressure measurement, so that the electronic device can not only collect the PPG signal when the airbag pressure is less than the first value, but also collect the complete oscillation wave signal reflected by the user's blood vessels in the process of not being blocked by external force, and use the oscillation wave signal to calculate the calibrated blood pressure value.

[0046] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the method further includes: displaying a first curve, the first curve including the blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied and the blood pressure value of the user when the second pressure is applied.

[0047] That is to say, the electronic device can display the calibrated blood pressure value and the measured blood pressure value, so that the user can understand his or her instantaneous blood pressure value at different time points.

[0048] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the method further includes: displaying the blood pressure value of the user when the second pressure is applied.

[0049] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the electronic device is a watch, a bracelet, a ring, a wrist blood pressure monitor, or an arm blood pressure monitor.

[0050] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device comprising a memory, one or more processors, and one or more programs; when the one or more processors execute the one or more programs, the electronic device implements the method described in the first aspect or any one of the implementation methods of the first aspect.

[0051] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, which, when executed on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to execute the method described in the first aspect or any one of the implementations of the first aspect.

[0052] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method described in the first aspect or any one of the implementations of the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of waveforms of shock wave signals transmitted from a blood vessel when an airbag compresses the blood vessel at different pressures, according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG3 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between blood vessel cross-sectional area and blood vessel transmural pressure;

[0056] FIG4 is a waveform diagram of a PPG signal collected by the electronic device 100 during blood pressure measurement under ideal conditions according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG5 is a waveform diagram of a PPG signal collected by the electronic device 100 during the airbag boosting process provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the overall flow of the blood pressure measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG7 is an exemplary user interface 10 for enabling the blood pressure trend tracking function according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG8 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of linear fitting of multiple data points provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG9 is a user interface 20 for displaying blood pressure measurement results provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG10 is a flow chart of the blood pressure measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present application applied in a sleeping scenario;

[0063] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a blood pressure measurement device 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The following is a clear and detailed description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B; "and / or" in the text is only a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" means two or more than two.

[0065] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to imply or suggest relative importance or implicitly indicate the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0066] The term "user interface (UI)" in the following embodiments of this application refers to a medium interface for interaction and information exchange between an application or operating system and a user, which realizes the conversion between the internal form of information and the form acceptable to the user. The user interface is a source code written in a specific computer language such as Java and extensible markup language (XML). The interface source code is parsed and rendered on an electronic device and finally presented as content that the user can recognize. The commonly used form of user interface is graphical user interface (GUI), which refers to a user interface related to computer operations that is displayed in a graphical manner. It can be a visual interface element such as text, icons, buttons, menus, tabs, text boxes, dialog boxes, status bars, navigation bars, widgets, etc. displayed on the display screen of an electronic device.

[0067] In the currently common blood pressure measurement algorithm, blood pressure is measured by using the changes in light absorption by skin tissue caused by blood flow. Photoelectric sensors are required to collect photoplethysmography (PPG) signals and calculate blood pressure based on the PPG signals. However, this algorithm lacks theoretical support and its blood pressure measurement accuracy remains to be verified. Blood pressure is measured using pressure pulses transmitted by blood vessels under external pressure. This method requires applying a high pressure to the user that is sufficient to block blood flow in the blood vessels. The oscillation wave signals transmitted by the blood vessels during the blockage process without the influence of external forces are used to calculate the user's blood pressure. However, the high pressure can easily cause discomfort to the user, resulting in a poor experience for the user during blood pressure measurement.

[0068] For example, FIG1 shows a schematic diagram comparing waveforms of shock wave signals transmitted from a blood vessel when the airbag compresses the blood vessel with different pressures.

[0069] As shown in Figure 1, if the upper limit of the airbag pressure is 240 mmHg, the pressurization time is approximately 60 seconds, and a complete oscillation wave waveform can be collected. The oscillation wave waveform describes the pressure pulse transmitted by the blood vessel during the blockage process without the influence of external force. If the upper limit of the airbag pressure is 190 mmHg, the pressurization time is approximately 45 seconds, and the collected oscillation wave waveform is only 60% of the complete oscillation wave waveform. If the upper limit of the airbag pressure is 140 mmHg, the pressurization time is approximately 30 seconds, and the collected oscillation wave waveform is only 50% of the complete oscillation wave waveform. If the upper limit of the airbag pressure is 100 mmHg, the pressurization time is greater than 20 seconds, and the collected oscillation wave waveform is only 30% of the complete oscillation wave waveform.

[0070] As can be seen from Figure 1, the greater the upper limit of the pressure applied by the airbag, the longer the airbag pressurization time, and the pressure applied by the airbag needs to reach 240mmHg to collect the complete oscillation wave waveform and realize the calculation of the user's blood pressure.

[0071] An embodiment of the present application provides a blood pressure measurement method, the method comprising: first starting a first blood pressure measurement, obtaining a PPG signal collected when the airbag pressure value is less than a first value during the first blood pressure measurement, then starting a second blood pressure measurement, obtaining a PPG signal collected when the airbag pressure value is less than the first value during the second blood pressure measurement, and then, based on the PPG signal and the airbag pressure value collected during the first blood pressure measurement and the second blood pressure measurement, determining a blood pressure change value of the user between the first blood pressure measurement and the second blood pressure measurement.

[0072] Specifically, since there is a certain mathematical relationship between the vascular flow and the difference between the blood pressure and the airbag pressure when the airbag pressure is less than the first value, the embodiment of the present application utilizes this mathematical relationship and uses the PPG signal and airbag pressure collected during the blood pressure measurement process to determine the user's blood pressure change value.

[0073] It can be seen that the embodiment of the present application provides an algorithm for measuring blood pressure. This method uses the relationship between the difference between the user's blood pressure and the pressure applied by the airbag when the pressure applied by the airbag is less than a certain value, and the blood vessel flow, to calculate the user's blood pressure change trend through the pressure applied by the airbag and the PPG signal, thereby realizing the accurate use of the algorithm to analyze the user's blood pressure condition under the premise of theoretical support.

[0074] Furthermore, since there is a mathematical relationship between the difference between the user's blood pressure and the pressure applied by the airbag and the blood vessel flow, the first value is small, usually less than 100 mmHg, which is smaller than the pressure applied when measuring blood pressure using the pressure pulses transmitted by the blood vessels under external force. In other words, in the blood pressure measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the pressure applied by the airbag does not need to reach the pressure required to block the blood vessel flow, which reduces the user's discomfort when measuring blood pressure, and enables the electronic device to measure blood pressure even when applying less pressure. At the same time, it also shortens the blood pressure measurement time and expands the application scenarios of the blood pressure measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0075] First, the structure of the electronic device involved in the embodiments of the present application is introduced.

[0076] FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device 100 .

[0077] The electronic device 100 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a handheld computer, a notebook computer, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a netbook, a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), an augmented reality (AR) device, a virtual reality (VR) device, an artificial intelligence (AI) device, a wearable device, an in-vehicle device, a smart home device, and / or a smart city device. The embodiments of the present application do not impose any particular restrictions on the specific type of the electronic device.

[0078] Preferably, in the embodiment of the present application, the electronic device 100 may refer to a watch, a bracelet, a wrist blood pressure monitor, an arm blood pressure monitor or a ring, etc.

[0079] The electronic device 100 may include a processor 110, an internal memory 121, a charging management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, a sensor module 180, a pressurization module 193, and a display screen 194. Optionally, the electronic device 100 may further include any one or more of the following: a wireless communication module 160, an audio module 170, a button 190, a motor 191, an indicator 192, and the like. The audio module 170 may include any one or more of the following: a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, and a microphone 170C. The sensor module 180 may include a touch sensor 180A, a photoelectric sensor 180B, a pressure sensor 180C, and the like.

[0080] The processor 110 may include one or more processing units. For example, the processor 110 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and / or a neural-network processing unit (NPU). The different processing units may be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors.

[0081] In some embodiments, the processor 110 can control the pressure applied to the airbag and collect PPG signals during the blood pressure measurement process, and calculate the blood pressure change value of the user between the two blood pressure measurements based on the PPG signals and airbag pressure collected during the two blood pressure measurements.

[0082] The controller can generate operation control signals according to the instruction operation code and timing signal to complete the control of instruction fetching and execution.

[0083] Processor 110 may also include a memory for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in processor 110 is a cache memory. This memory can store instructions or data that have just been used or are being recycled by processor 110. If processor 110 needs to use the same instruction or data again, it can directly access the memory. This avoids duplicate accesses, reduces processor 110 latency, and thus improves system efficiency.

[0084] In some embodiments, the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces. The interfaces may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or a universal serial bus (USB) interface.

[0085] The charging management module 140 is configured to receive charging input from a charger. The charger can be either a wireless charger or a wired charger. In some wired charging embodiments, the charging management module 140 can receive charging input from the wired charger. In some wireless charging embodiments, the charging management module 140 can receive wireless charging input via the wireless charging coil of the electronic device 100. While charging the battery 142, the charging management module 140 can also provide power to the electronic device through the power management module 141.

[0086] The power management module 141 is used to connect the battery 142, the charging management module 140, and the processor 110. The power management module 141 receives input from the battery 142 and / or the charging management module 140 and provides power to the processor 110, the internal memory 121, the display 194, the wireless communication module 160, and the like. The power management module 141 can also be used to monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle count, and battery health status (leakage, impedance). In some other embodiments, the power management module 141 can also be provided in the processor 110. In other embodiments, the power management module 141 and the charging management module 140 can also be provided in the same device.

[0087] The wireless communication module 160 can provide wireless communication solutions applied to the electronic device 100, including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), Bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), infrared technology (IR), NearLink, intrabody communication (IBC), etc. Exemplarily, when two electronic devices communicate using a human body communication solution, the two electronic devices have at least one electrode in contact with the skin, and through the above-mentioned electrode in contact with the skin, the two electronic devices send and receive information to each other through the human body. The wireless communication module 160 can be one or more devices that integrate at least one communication processing module.

[0088] Electronic device 100 implements display functionality through a GPU, display screen 194, and an application processor. A GPU is a microprocessor for image processing that connects display screen 194 and the application processor. The GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering. Processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or modify display information.

[0089] Display screen 194 is used to display images, videos, etc. Display screen 194 includes a display panel. The display panel can be a liquid crystal display (LCD). The display panel can also be made of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode or an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED), a flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), a MiniLED, a MicroLED, a Micro-oLed, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED), etc. In some embodiments, electronic device 100 can include one or N display screens 194, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0090] In some embodiments, the display screen 194 may be used to display the blood pressure change value calculated by the electronic device 100 or the user's blood pressure value, as well as a user interface related to blood pressure, etc.

[0091] The internal memory 121 may include one or more random access memories (RAMs) and one or more non-volatile memories (NVMs). The RAM can be directly read and written by the processor 110 and can be used to store executable programs (e.g., machine instructions) of the operating system or other running programs, as well as user and application data. The NVM can also store executable programs and user and application data, and can be pre-loaded into the RAM for direct reading and writing by the processor 110.

[0092] In some embodiments, the internal memory 121 can be used to store the pressure value applied by the electronic device 100 during blood pressure measurement, the collected PPG signal, and the user's blood pressure change value calculated based on the pressure value and the PPG signal, etc.

[0093] The electronic device 100 can implement audio functions such as music playback and recording through the audio module 170, the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, the microphone 170C, and the application processor.

[0094] The audio module 170 is used to convert digital audio information into analog audio signal output, and is also used to convert analog audio input into digital audio signals. The audio module 170 can also be used to encode and decode audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 can be provided in the processor 110, or some functional modules of the audio module 170 can be provided in the processor 110.

[0095] The speaker 170A, also called a "speaker", is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. The electronic device 100 can listen to music or listen to hands-free calls through the speaker 170A.

[0096] The receiver 170B, also called a "handset", is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. When the electronic device 100 receives a call or a voice message, the user can place the receiver 170B close to the ear to hear the voice.

[0097] Microphone 170C, also known as "microphone" or "microphone", is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals. When making a call or sending a voice message, the user can speak by putting their mouth close to the microphone 170C to input the sound signal into the microphone 170C. The electronic device 100 can be provided with at least one microphone 170C. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 can be provided with two microphones 170C, which can not only collect sound signals but also realize noise reduction function. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 can also be provided with three, four or more microphones 170C to collect sound signals, reduce noise, identify the source of sound, realize directional recording function, etc.

[0098] Touch sensor 180A, also known as a "touch-sensitive device," can be disposed on display screen 194. Touch sensor 180A and display screen 194 form a touch screen, also known as a "touch screen." Touch sensor 180A is configured to detect touch operations applied thereto or in the vicinity thereof. The touch sensor can transmit the detected touch operations to an application processor to determine the type of touch event. Visual output related to the touch operations can be provided via display screen 194. In other embodiments, touch sensor 180A can also be disposed on the surface of electronic device 100, at a location different from that of display screen 194.

[0099] Photoelectric sensor 180B is used to monitor cardiovascular vital signs. It consists of at least one pair of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodetectors. The LEDs act as a light source to illuminate the skin, while the photodetectors detect the remaining transmitted or reflected light after it is absorbed by blood and tissue. These light is converted into an electrical signal, generating a PPG signal. Because the intensity of the transmitted or reflected light varies with arterial pulsation, the PPG signal also follows the rhythmic fluctuations of the user's heartbeat. This PPG signal can be used to calculate parameters such as the user's heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and blood pressure.

[0100] Pressure sensor 180C is used to sense pressure signals and convert them into electrical signals. In some embodiments, pressure sensor 180C can be located on display screen 194. There are many types of pressure sensors 180C, such as resistive pressure sensors, inductive pressure sensors, and capacitive pressure sensors. A capacitive pressure sensor may include at least two parallel plates made of conductive material. When a force acts on pressure sensor 180C, the capacitance between the electrodes changes. Electronic device 100 determines the intensity of the pressure based on this change in capacitance.

[0101] In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 180C can detect the pressure of the airbag during the inflation or deflation process of the airbag of the electronic device 100. In addition, the photoelectric sensor 180B can collect PPG signals during the inflation process of the airbag, or collect PPG signals during the deflation process of the airbag.

[0102] The buttons 190 include a power button, a volume button, and the like. The buttons 190 may be mechanical buttons or touch buttons. The electronic device 100 may receive key inputs and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the electronic device 100.

[0103] Motor 191 can generate vibration prompts. Motor 191 can be used for incoming call vibration prompts, and can also be used for touch vibration feedback. For example, touch operations acting on different applications (such as taking pictures, audio playback, etc.) can correspond to different vibration feedback effects. For touch operations acting on different areas of the display screen 194, motor 191 can also correspond to different vibration feedback effects. Different application scenarios (for example: time reminders, receiving messages, alarm clocks, games, etc.) can also correspond to different vibration feedback effects. The touch vibration feedback effect can also support customization.

[0104] The indicator 192 may be an indicator light, which may be used to indicate the charging status, power level changes, messages, missed calls, notifications, etc.

[0105] The pressurization module 193 can be used to apply pressure to the user's skin and compress the subcutaneous arterial blood flow during the blood pressure measurement process, so that the electronic device 100 can obtain the PPG signal collected by the photoelectric sensor 180B during the process of the pressurization module 193 applying pressure to the user's skin. The PPG signal reflects the blood flow in the user's subcutaneous blood vessels under external force compression.

[0106] For example, the pressurizing module 193 may include an airbag and a motor. The pressurizing module 193 may inflate and deflate the airbag via the motor to apply pressure to the user's skin. In a specific example, if the electronic device 100 is a wearable device such as a watch or a bracelet, the airbag may be provided on a cuff of the electronic device 100.

[0107] It is understood that, in addition to inflating the airbag, blood vessel compression can also be achieved by contracting the strap. In this case, the pressurizing module 193 may include components such as a contractible strap and a motor. This embodiment of the application does not limit the components included in the pressurizing module 193 for applying pressure to the user.

[0108] In the embodiment of the present application, the user's blood pressure is measured by pressurizing the airbag as an example. It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the user's blood pressure can also be measured by shrinking the strap.

[0109] In some embodiments, the sensor module 180 of the electronic device 100 may further include any one or more of the following sensors: an acceleration sensor, an air pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a gyroscope sensor, etc. Among them:

[0110] The accelerometer can detect the magnitude of acceleration of the electronic device 100 in all directions (generally three axes). When the electronic device 100 is stationary, it can detect the magnitude and direction of gravity. It can also be used to identify the electronic device's posture, enabling applications such as switching between landscape and portrait modes and pedometers.

[0111] The air pressure sensor can be used to measure air pressure. In some embodiments, the air pressure sensor can also be used to measure water pressure.

[0112] The temperature sensor can be used to measure the user's body temperature or the temperature of the user's environment.

[0113] The gyroscope sensor can be used to determine the motion posture of the electronic device 100. In some embodiments, the angular velocity of the electronic device 100 around three axes (ie, x, y, and z axes) can be determined by the gyroscope sensor.

[0114] It should be understood that the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present application do not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 100 may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine or separate certain components, or arrange the components differently. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0115] The following describes the algorithm derivation process of the blood pressure measurement method involved in the embodiments of the present application.

[0116] FIG3 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the cross-sectional area of ​​a blood vessel and the transmural pressure of the blood vessel.

[0117] The transmural pressure is the difference between the internal pressure of the blood vessel or the pressure inside the wall and the external pressure. In the embodiment of the present application, the transmural pressure can be expressed by the following formula 1: P = SBP - F Formula 1

[0118] Wherein, P represents transmural pressure, SBP represents blood pressure, and F represents external force, that is, the pressure applied by the electronic device 100 through the airbag.

[0119] As can be seen from Formula 1, the transmural pressure of the blood vessel may be equal to the difference between the blood pressure value of the user and the pressure value applied by the electronic device 100 through the airbag.

[0120] As shown in Figure 3, overall, the larger the blood vessel cross-sectional area, the greater the transmural pressure. Furthermore, as can be seen from line segment 1 in Figure 3, when the transmural pressure reaches a certain range, the blood vessel cross-sectional area and the transmural pressure exhibit a linear relationship. Furthermore, since the transmural pressure is equal to the difference between the user's blood pressure and the pressure applied by the electronic device 100 via the airbag, assuming the user's blood pressure is constant, when the transmural pressure is within a larger range, that is, when the pressure applied by the electronic device 100 via the airbag is within a smaller range, for example, when the pressure is less than a first value, the blood vessel cross-sectional area and the transmural pressure exhibit a linear relationship.

[0121] Therefore, the physical meaning of line segment 1 in FIG3 can be expressed by the following formula 2: S=a1P+b1 Formula 2

[0122] Where S represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the blood vessel, P represents the transmural pressure of the blood vessel, and a1 and b1 are constants.

[0123] Furthermore, since the cross section of a blood vessel is approximately circular, the cross-sectional area of ​​the blood vessel and the diameter of the blood vessel are related by the following formula 3:

[0124] Where S represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the blood vessel, and D represents the diameter of the blood vessel.

[0125] Substituting Equation 3 into Equation 2 yields:

[0126] Will Substituting into formula 4 we can obtain:

[0127] Alternatively, the Darcy-Weisbach equation shown in Equation 6 below can be used to describe the relationship between the head loss (or pressure loss) caused by friction in a fixed-length pipeline and the average flow velocity in the pipeline:

[0128] Among them, h represents the head loss caused by friction, f D represents the Darcy friction factor, L represents the length of the pipeline, D represents the diameter inside the pipeline, V represents the average velocity of the fluid, and g represents the acceleration due to gravity.

[0129] In an embodiment of the present application, if Formula 6 is applied to blood pressure measurement, h may refer to the resistance of blood in the blood vessels due to friction, L may refer to the length of the blood vessels involved in measuring blood pressure, D may refer to the diameter of the blood vessels, and V may refer to the blood flow rate in the blood vessels.

[0130] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present application, h, f D , L, and g can all be considered constants, so Formula 6 can be further converted to Formula 7: D=a3V 2 Formula 7

[0131] Among them, a3 is a constant,

[0132] Since the flow rate of the fluid is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the fluid multiplied by the flow velocity, the vascular flow rate Q and the vascular flow velocity V have the following relationship as shown in Formula 8:

[0133] Substituting Equation 7 into Equation 8 yields:

[0134] Among them, a4 is a constant,

[0135] Combining Formula 1, Formula 5, and Formula 9, we can obtain:

[0136] Furthermore, Formula 10 can be further derived as follows: Q≈a4(a2(SBP-F)+b2)=a4a2SBP-a4a2F+a4b2 Formula 11

[0137] Where, let a4a2 = a, a4b2 = b, and Formula 11 can be further derived as: Q≈a·SBP-a·F+b Formula 12

[0138] It can be seen from Formula 12 that when the balloon pressure is less than the first value, the blood vessel flow rate, and the difference between the blood pressure and the balloon pressure are in a linear relationship.

[0139] Assume that during the process of electronic device 100 measuring the user's blood pressure by pressurizing the airbag, at time point T 11 The vascular flow rate is Q 11 , the user's blood pressure is SBP1, and the pressure applied by the airbag is F 11 , time point T 12 The vascular flow rate is Q 12 , the user's blood pressure is SBP1, and the pressure applied by the airbag is F 12 , then, combined with formula 12, we can obtain:

[0140] It can be seen from formula 13 that in the process of measuring the user's blood pressure by the electronic device 100 through the airbag pressurization, the user's blood pressure value SBP1 is equal to the blood vessel flow rate Q at two time points during the blood pressure measurement process. 11 , Q 12 and the airbag pressure value F 11 、F 12 , the calculated intermediate value Subtract a constant

[0141] Furthermore, it is assumed that during another process in which the electronic device 100 measures the user's blood pressure by pressurizing the airbag, at time point T 21 The vascular flow rate is Q 21 , the user's blood pressure is SBP2, and the pressure applied by the airbag is F 21 , time point T 22 The vascular flow rate is Q 22 , the user's blood pressure is SBP2, and the pressure applied by the airbag is F 22 , then, similar to formula 13, we can obtain:

[0142] Then, combining Formula 13 and Formula 14, we can obtain:

[0143] As can be seen from Formula 15, the blood pressure change value (SBP1-SBP2) of the user during the two blood pressure measurement processes with the airbag pressurization can be calculated by knowing the blood vessel flow Q and the pressure value F applied by the airbag at two time points respectively.

[0144] Furthermore, the PPG signal represents changes in light absorption by skin tissue caused by blood flow. Specifically, during systole, blood volume in the microvessels increases, enhancing light absorption and reducing reflected light. Conversely, during diastole, blood flow decreases and reflected light increases.

[0145] Therefore, it can be considered that the blood vessel flow Q is proportional to the PPG signal X, that is, Q = KX, (K is a constant). Therefore, formula 15 can be further transformed into:

[0146] Among them, X 11 and X 12 The electronic device 100 is in the process of measuring the user's blood pressure by pressurizing the airbag at time point T 11 and time point T 12 The collected PPG signal value, X 21 and X 22 The electronic device 100 is in the process of measuring the user's blood pressure by pressurizing the airbag at time point T 21 and time point T 22 The collected PPG signal value.

[0147] As can be seen from formula 16, as long as the PPG signal and the airbag pressure collected during a blood pressure measurement process are collected, the intermediate value can be calculated. Combined with the PPG signal and airbag pressure collected during another blood pressure measurement, another intermediate value can be calculated. The difference between these two middle values ​​is the blood pressure change of the user between the two blood pressure measurements.

[0148] That is to say, in the blood pressure measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application, in addition to compressing the blood vessels through the airbag, the electronic device 100 also needs to collect the PPG signal reflected by the blood vessels under external force compression through the photoelectric sensor, so that the electronic device 100 can use the airbag pressure and the PPG signal to calculate the user's blood pressure.

[0149] For example, FIG4 shows a waveform diagram of a PPG signal collected by the electronic device 100 during blood pressure measurement under an ideal state.

[0150] Because the heartbeat is actually a repetitive cycle of contraction and relaxation, when the heart contracts, it pumps blood out of the heart, gradually increasing blood flow within the blood vessels. This fills the blood vessels, increases light absorption, and increases the PPG amplitude. Conversely, when the heart relaxes, blood flows back into the heart from the blood vessels, decreasing blood flow and blood flow within the vessels, reducing light absorption and decreasing the PPG amplitude. Therefore, as can be seen in Figure 4 (a) or (b), the PPG signal waveform shows a trend of fluctuating with the user's heartbeat.

[0151] Furthermore, when electronic device 100 compresses a blood vessel using the airbag, as the external force increases, less blood can flow through the cross-sectional area of ​​the blood vessel, causing the amplitude of blood flow in the blood vessel to gradually decrease with each heartbeat. Therefore, as can be seen in Figure 4 (a) or (b), the pressure applied by the airbag gradually increases over time, causing the amplitude of the PPG signal peaks and troughs to gradually decrease over time. A single peak or trough of the PPG signal can be considered a single heartbeat.

[0152] Furthermore, assuming that (a) and (b) in Figure 4 are PPG signals measured with the same pressure applied by the airbag, the user's blood pressure value corresponding to (a) in Figure 4 is lower than the user's blood pressure value corresponding to (b) in Figure 4. This is because if the user's blood pressure value is lower, then when a certain external force is applied, the blood vessels are more likely to be squeezed under the influence of the external force, and the peak or valley value of the blood flow waveform changes more rapidly as the external force gradually increases. If the user's blood pressure value is higher, then when a certain external force is applied, the blood vessels are less likely to be squeezed under the influence of the external force, and the peak or valley value of the blood flow waveform changes more slowly as the external force gradually increases.

[0153] Therefore, it can be seen from (a) in Figure 4 that when the user's blood pressure value is small, if the external force applied to the blood vessels gradually increases, the amplitude of the PPG signal fluctuation decreases relatively quickly. It can be seen from (b) in Figure 4 that when the user's blood pressure value is large, if the external force applied to the blood vessels gradually increases, the amplitude of the PPG signal fluctuation decreases relatively slowly.

[0154] Taking the PPG signals obtained from the two blood pressure measurements shown in Figure 4 as an example, since systolic pressure refers to the blood pressure when the arterial blood pressure reaches the highest value when the heart contracts, the user's systolic blood pressure (high pressure) can be calculated through the peak value of the PPG signal. Correspondingly, since diastolic pressure refers to the blood pressure when the arterial blood pressure reaches the lowest value when the heart relaxes, the user's diastolic blood pressure (low pressure) can be calculated through the trough value of the PPG signal.

[0155] Then, suppose that in the waveform shown in (a) of FIG4 , time point T a11The corresponding PPG signal value is X a11 The pressure applied by the airbag is F a11 , time point T a12 The corresponding PPG signal value is X a12 The pressure applied by the airbag is F a12 , assuming that in the waveform shown in (b) of Figure 4, time point T a21 The corresponding PPG signal is X a21 The pressure applied by the airbag is F a21 , time point T a22 The corresponding PPG signal value is X a22 The pressure applied by the airbag is F a22 Then, using formula 16, the user's systolic blood pressure change between two blood pressure measurements can be calculated as

[0156] In addition, it is assumed that in the waveform shown in (a) of FIG4 , the time point T b11 The corresponding PPG signal value is X b11 The pressure applied by the airbag is F b11 , time point T b12 The corresponding PPG signal value is X b12 The pressure applied by the airbag is F b12 , assuming that in the waveform shown in (b) of Figure 4, time point T b21 The corresponding PPG signal is X b21 The pressure applied by the airbag is F b21 , time point T b22 The corresponding PPG signal value is X b22 The pressure applied by the airbag is F b22 Then, using formula 16, the user's diastolic blood pressure change between two blood pressure measurements can be calculated as

[0157] It can be understood that Figure 4 takes the PPG signal collected during the process of gradually increasing the balloon pressure when measuring blood pressure as an example. In addition to using the data collected during the balloon pressurization process to calculate the blood pressure change value, the electronic device 100 can also use the data collected during the balloon depressurization process to calculate the blood pressure change value. In this case, the waveform corresponding to the PPG signal collected during the balloon depressurization process is opposite to the waveform shown in Figure 4. Specifically, the amplitude of the peak and trough fluctuations of the PPG signal gradually increases over time.

[0158] In other words, combined with Formula 16, it can be seen that if the PPG signal value X corresponding to two time points during two blood pressure measurements and the pressure value F applied by the airbag are known, the user's blood pressure change during these two blood pressure measurements can be calculated, including the user's systolic blood pressure change and diastolic blood pressure change.

[0159] In addition, Formula 16 can also be transformed into:

[0160] As can be seen from Formula 17, if the PPG signal value X corresponding to the two time points and the pressure value F applied by the airbag during two blood pressure measurements are known, as well as the user's blood pressure value during one blood pressure measurement (hereinafter referred to as the calibrated blood pressure value), the user's blood pressure value during the other blood pressure measurement (hereinafter referred to as the measured blood pressure value) can be calculated.

[0161] The calibrated blood pressure value can be obtained by measuring blood pressure using a known blood pressure measurement method.

[0162] For example, the electronic device 100 may use an external calibration device to measure the user's calibrated blood pressure value during one of the blood pressure measurements. The external calibration device may be a device capable of measuring the user's actual blood pressure value, such as an arm sphygmomanometer.

[0163] For another example, if the electronic device 100 can measure the user's blood pressure using an existing known blood pressure measurement method, the electronic device 100 can simultaneously use the blood pressure measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application to measure the blood pressure, obtain the PPG signal and the airbag pressure value collected when the airbag pressure value is less than the first value (for example, 100 mmHg), and use the existing known blood pressure measurement method to measure the user's calibrated blood pressure value.

[0164] Furthermore, if the existing known blood pressure measurement method uses the pressure pulse transmitted by the blood vessels under external pressure to measure blood pressure, the maximum pressure value of the airbag during one of the blood pressure measurements of the electronic device 100 can be greater than or equal to the pressure required to block the blood vessel flow. In this way, the electronic device 100 can use the PPG signal and the airbag pressure value collected when the airbag pressure value is less than the first value to calculate The complete oscillation wave signal reflected by the blood vessel when there is no external pressure to block the blood vessel is used to calculate the user's calibrated blood pressure value SBP1 during this blood pressure measurement. Then, the PPG signal and the airbag pressure value collected during another blood pressure measurement when the airbag pressure value is less than the first value are combined to calculate the Finally, the user's measured blood pressure value SBP2 during another blood pressure measurement process can be calculated using the above formula 17.

[0165] Taking the PPG signals obtained by the two blood pressure measurements shown in FIG4 as an example, if the electronic device 100 also measures the user's systolic blood pressure (high pressure value) as SBP during the blood pressure measurement corresponding to (a) in FIG4 through an external calibration device, a1 , diastolic blood pressure value (low pressure value) is SBP b1 Then, using formula 17, we can calculate that during the blood pressure measurement process corresponding to (b) in Figure 4, the user's systolic blood pressure value (high pressure value) should be The user's diastolic blood pressure value (high pressure value) should be

[0166] That is to say, combined with Formula 17, it can be seen that if the user's blood pressure change value during two blood pressure measurements and the user's true blood pressure value during one blood pressure measurement are calculated, the user's blood pressure value during the other blood pressure measurement can be calculated.

[0167] In addition, it should be noted that the waveform diagram shown in FIG4 describes the fluctuation of the PPG signal under ideal conditions, that is, the peak values ​​of the PPG signal are all on a straight line (for example, the peak value from X to Y shown in FIG4 (a) is the peak value from X to Y). a11 to X a12 The trough values ​​are also on a straight line (for example, the line from X to X shown in (a) in Figure 4). b11 to X b12 However, the PPG signal actually measured may be affected by various factors, resulting in unstable acquisition of the PPG signal. As a result, some peak values ​​or trough values ​​of the actually drawn PPG signal waveform are not on a straight line.

[0168] Therefore, in order to achieve more accurate blood pressure measurement, after the PPG signal is actually collected, a linear fit can be performed on the waveform corresponding to the PPG signal, and the value on the fitted straight line can be selected to calculate the systolic blood pressure change value or systolic blood pressure value, or the diastolic blood pressure change value or diastolic blood pressure value.

[0169] For example, any of the following methods can be used to implement linear fitting of the waveform corresponding to the PPG signal:

[0170] 1) Select a fixed number of heartbeats, or a specified range of heartbeats, and perform linear fitting using a sliding window method in the rising or falling segment of the waveform, and select the straight line with the best fitting effect as the final fitting result.

[0171] Exemplarily, the fixed number of heartbeats may refer to 3, 5, etc., and the specified range of heartbeats may refer to (2, 6), which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0172] One heartbeat corresponds to one peak or one trough on the PPG waveform. Therefore, selecting a fixed number of heartbeats is equivalent to selecting a specified number of peaks or troughs, and selecting a specified range of heartbeats is equivalent to selecting a certain number of peaks or troughs within a certain range. Linear fitting is performed within the specified range on the PPG waveform.

[0173] The straight line with the best fitting effect may be a straight line with the most peak points or trough points on the straight line, or a straight line with the shortest distances between each peak point or trough point and the straight line.

[0174] The rising segment of the waveform refers to a curve segment in which multiple consecutive peak values ​​in the PPG waveform gradually increase, and the falling segment of the waveform refers to a curve segment in which multiple consecutive peak values ​​in the PPG waveform gradually decrease.

[0175] If the electronic device 100 collects PPG signals during the balloon inflation process, a sliding window approach can be used for linear fitting in the falling waveform segment. If the electronic device 100 collects PPG signals during the balloon depressurization process, a sliding window approach can be used for linear fitting in the rising waveform segment. In other words, if the electronic device 100 uses data collected during the balloon inflation process to calculate blood pressure, a linear fit can be performed in the falling waveform segment. If the electronic device 100 uses data collected during the balloon depressurization process to calculate blood pressure, a linear fit can be performed in the rising waveform segment.

[0176] 2) Under a fixed pressure difference, or within a specified pressure difference range, a sliding window method is used to perform linear fitting in the rising or falling section of the waveform, and the straight line with the best fitting effect is selected as the final fitting result.

[0177] The pressure difference may refer to the difference in pressure applied by the airbag at two corresponding time points during the blood pressure measurement process.

[0178] For example, the fixed pressure difference value may refer to 20 mmHg, and the specified pressure difference value range may refer to (10 mmHg, 50 mmHg), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0179] Since the pressure applied by the airbag at different time points in the waveform corresponding to the PPG signal is different, selecting a fixed pressure difference or a specified pressure difference range is equivalent to performing a linear fit within a certain range on the PPG waveform.

[0180] For details about the fitting effect and the description of the rising and falling segments of the waveform, please refer to the relevant description in the above method 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0181] It is understandable that in addition to the heart rate and pressure difference as reference factors, other reference factors, such as time, PPG signal difference, etc., can also be used to select the fitting range of the PPG waveform. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0182] To facilitate understanding of the linear fitting of the PPG waveform, the principle of linear fitting of the PPG waveform is described below with reference to FIG5 as an example.

[0183] FIG5 is a waveform diagram of the PPG signal collected by the electronic device 100 during the airbag boosting process provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0184] As shown in FIG5 , the PPG waveform shows a trend of fluctuating up and down over time. After time point T1, the peak of the PPG waveform shows a trend of gradually decreasing. Therefore, the PPG waveform after time point T1 belongs to the waveform descending segment.

[0185] In chronological order, the peaks of the descending segment of the waveform are numbered as follows: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6...

[0186] Assuming a linear fit is performed on the PPG waveform at a fixed heart rate of 4, we can first perform a linear fit on peaks 1, 2, 3, and 4 to determine Line 1. Then, we can perform a linear fit on peaks 2, 3, 4, and 5 to determine Line 2. Then, we can perform a linear fit on peaks 3, 4, 5, and 6 to determine Line 3, and so on... The best fitting line is then selected from these multiple lines 1, 2, 3, and so on as the final fitting result. If Line 2 is the best fitting line, the PPG signal value and time on Line 2, as well as the pressure applied by the airbag at that time, can be used to calculate the blood pressure change or blood pressure value.

[0187] It should be understood that FIG5 only illustrates the principle of linear fitting of a PPG waveform when determining a systolic pressure change value or a systolic pressure value. The principle of linear fitting of a PPG waveform when determining a diastolic pressure change value or a diastolic pressure value is similar, except that the trough value of the PPG signal is selected for linear fitting. Furthermore, the PPG waveform shown in FIG5 is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0188] The following describes the blood pressure measurement method provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0189] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the overall flow of the blood pressure measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0190] S101. The electronic device 100 starts a first blood pressure measurement. During the first blood pressure measurement, a first pressure applied to the airbag includes a pressure less than a first value. During the application of the first pressure, a first PPG signal is collected when the applied pressure is less than the first value.

[0191] The electronic device 100 may be a watch, a bracelet, a ring, a wrist blood pressure monitor, an arm blood pressure monitor, or the like.

[0192] Exemplarily, the electronic device 100 may include a pressurization module and a PPG signal detection module.

[0193] During the blood pressure measurement process, the pressurization module can apply pressure to the user's skin when the user wears the electronic device 100 to compress the subcutaneous blood vessels, and the PPG signal detection module can collect PPG signals when the pressurization module compresses the subcutaneous blood vessels.

[0194] Exemplarily, the pressurization module may include a motor and an airbag. The electronic device 100 may apply pressure to the airbag through the motor to compress the subcutaneous blood vessels. The PPG signal detection module may include a photoelectric sensor. The electronic device 100 may emit light to the skin through the photoelectric sensor and use the light reflected back from the blood vessels to collect the PPG signal.

[0195] In addition, the electronic device 100 can use a pressure sensor to collect the pressure value applied by the electronic device 100 to the airbag during the blood pressure measurement process.

[0196] For a detailed description of the pressurizing module, the PPG signal detection module, and the pressure sensor, please refer to the relevant contents of the pressurizing module 193, the photoelectric sensor 180B, and the pressure sensor 180C in FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.

[0197] For example, the electronic device 100 may start blood pressure measurement in any one or more of the following ways:

[0198] 1) The electronic device 100 periodically starts blood pressure measurement

[0199] In this case, the electronic device 100 may start blood pressure measurement at regular intervals, thereby periodically detecting the user's blood pressure.

[0200] Furthermore, during the process of periodic blood pressure measurement by the electronic device 100, if the electronic device 100 detects that the user is in a state where measurement is impossible, such as a state of exercise, before starting a blood pressure measurement, the electronic device 100 can automatically skip the blood pressure measurement or delay the blood pressure measurement.

[0201] 2) The electronic device 100 starts blood pressure measurement based on user operation

[0202] In this case, the electronic device 100 can detect the user's operation to start blood pressure measurement and, in response to the operation, start blood pressure measurement. In this way, the user's autonomy in measuring blood pressure can be improved, and the user can decide whether to start blood pressure measurement according to their own needs.

[0203] 3) The electronic device 100 starts blood pressure measurement when the preset conditions are met

[0204] The preset condition may refer to a specified time, a specified physical condition, etc. For example, the electronic device 100 may start blood pressure measurement at 12:00 noon. For another example, the electronic device 100 may start blood pressure measurement when it detects that the user is in a stationary state, etc. The present embodiment does not limit the preset condition.

[0205] It is understandable that the electronic device 100 can also start blood pressure measurement in other ways, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0206] The first value is less than the pressure required to block blood vessel flow. For example, the first value may be 100 mmHg, which may be preset by the developer. When the pressure applied by the airbag is less than the first value, the user's blood vessel flow and the difference between the user's blood pressure and the airbag pressure are linearly related. Therefore, the electronic device 100 can utilize this linear relationship to analyze the user's blood pressure using the PPG signal and airbag pressure collected when the airbag pressure is less than the first value.

[0207] It is understandable that the first value can be determined based on the numerical range of the transmural pressure when the cross-sectional area of ​​the blood vessel is linearly related to the transmural pressure. The first value should be less than the maximum external pressure corresponding to the numerical range of the transmural pressure when the user's blood pressure is constant.

[0208] It should be noted that during the first blood pressure measurement process, the first pressure applied to the airbag by the electronic device 100 includes a pressure less than the first value, which may occur in the following two situations:

[0209] 1) During the first blood pressure measurement, the maximum pressure applied to the airbag is less than the first value

[0210] In this case, the pressure applied to the airbag by the electronic device 100 during the first blood pressure measurement will not exceed the pressure required to block blood vessel flow. In other words, the pressure applied by the electronic device 100 during the first blood pressure measurement is relatively low, and this blood pressure measurement mode can be considered a low-pressure pressurization mode. This can reduce user discomfort during blood pressure measurement and achieve as seamless a blood pressure measurement as possible.

[0211] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 can provide a blood pressure trend tracking function. After the electronic device 100 turns on this function, the electronic device 100 can periodically start blood pressure measurement in a low-pressure pressurization mode, and use the PPG signal and airbag pressure collected during multiple blood pressure measurements to analyze the user's blood pressure change trend.

[0212] FIG7 is an exemplary user interface 10 for enabling the blood pressure trend tracking function provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0213] As shown in FIG7 , the user interface 10 may include a switch 101 and a measurement cycle option 102. The switch 101 may be used to turn on or off the blood pressure trend tracking function, and the measurement cycle option 102 may be used to adjust the interval between two blood pressure measurements in the low pressure mode.

[0214] For example, the electronic device 100 may display the user interface 10 shown in FIG. 7 before executing step S101. After the electronic device 100 detects the user operation on the switch 101 and turns on the blood pressure trend tracking function, step S101 may be executed.

[0215] 2) During the first blood pressure measurement, the maximum pressure applied to the airbag is greater than the first value

[0216] During the first blood pressure measurement, the maximum pressure value applied to the airbag may be greater than or equal to the pressure value required to block blood vessel flow.

[0217] In this case, the electronic device 100 can not only obtain the pressure value when the airbag pressure is less than the first value during the first blood pressure measurement, but also collect the PPG signal when the airbag pressure is less than the first value, and can also obtain the complete oscillation waveform of the blood vessel during the process of no external pressure to block it. In this way, the electronic device 100 can use this complete oscillation waveform to calculate the user's blood pressure value during the first blood pressure measurement.

[0218] In addition, the first PPG signal collected by the electronic device 100 may be data collected during the airbag pressurization process, or may be data collected during the airbag depressurization process.

[0219] That is, the electronic device 100 can use the data collected during the airbag pressure increase process to analyze the user's blood pressure, and can also use the data collected during the airbag pressure decrease process to analyze the user's blood pressure.

[0220] For example, taking the case where the electronic device 100 uses data collected during the airbag pressurization process to analyze the user's blood pressure, the electronic device 100 may adopt any of the following pressurization strategies when the airbag pressurization is increased:

[0221] 1) Pressurize by increasing pressure at a constant speed

[0222] 2) Increase the pressure by first increasing the pressure to a certain value at a faster speed, and then increasing the pressure at a slower speed.

[0223] It is understandable that the electronic device 100 may also adopt other boosting strategies, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0224] In addition, if the electronic device 100 uses the data collected during the airbag depressurization process to analyze the user's blood pressure, its pressure reduction strategy is similar to the pressure increase strategy. For example, the pressure is reduced by reducing the pressure at a uniform speed, or the pressure is first reduced to a certain value at a slower speed and then reduced at a faster speed.

[0225] During the blood pressure measurement process, the electronic device 100 will increase the pressure of the airbag to a certain value before reducing the pressure. If the first blood pressure measurement is a blood pressure measurement in the low pressure pressurization mode, the electronic device 100 may stop increasing the pressure during the airbag pressurization process in any of the following situations:

[0226] 1) After the electronic device 100 increases the airbag pressure value to the upper pressure limit, it stops increasing the pressure.

[0227] Exemplarily, if the first blood pressure measurement mode is the low-pressure pressurization mode, the upper pressure limit is a first value, such as 100 mmHg.

[0228] 2) The electronic device 100 can stop boosting the voltage when the waveform of the collected PPG signal drops significantly or when the user's heartbeat reaches a preset number.

[0229] The significant decrease in the waveform of the PPG signal may refer to a continuous decrease in multiple (for example, three) peak values ​​of the PPG signal, or further, a difference between two adjacent peak values ​​is greater than a threshold.

[0230] The electronic device 100 may determine the user's heartbeat frequency based on the number of peaks that appear in the waveform of the PPG signal.

[0231] For example, the preset number of times may be 3. The embodiment of the present application does not impose any limitation on the preset number of times.

[0232] Furthermore, in mode 2, the electronic device 100 may further optionally set a pressure upper limit. That is, the electronic device 100 may first increase the airbag pressure according to the pressure upper limit. If the conditions of mode 2 are met, i.e., after the waveform of the collected PPG signal shows a significant decrease and a PPG signal containing a preset number of heartbeats has been collected, the pressure increase may be stopped directly without reaching the pressure upper limit.

[0233] 3) The electronic device 100 can stop pressurizing the airbag after the airbag pressurization time reaches a preset time.

[0234] The preset duration can be 5 seconds, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0235] It is understandable that the electronic device 100 may also stop pressurizing when other conditions are met, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0236] S102. The electronic device 100 obtains the blood pressure value of the user during the first blood pressure measurement.

[0237] The blood pressure value of the user during the first blood pressure measurement can be obtained by using existing known blood pressure measurement methods, such as an oscillometric method, a mercury sphygmomanometer measurement method, and the like.

[0238] In addition, the blood pressure value of the user during the first blood pressure measurement can be measured by the electronic device 100 or by other devices.

[0239] If the user's blood pressure value during the first blood pressure measurement is measured by other devices, the other devices can send the blood pressure value to the electronic device 100, or the user can manually input the blood pressure value into the electronic device 100 so that the electronic device 100 obtains the blood pressure value.

[0240] If the user's blood pressure value during the first blood pressure measurement is measured by the electronic device 100, the maximum pressure applied to the airbag during the first blood pressure measurement can be greater than or equal to the pressure required to block blood vessel flow. In this way, the electronic device 100 can determine the user's blood pressure value during the first blood pressure measurement using the oscillation waveform signal collected during the first blood pressure measurement when the blood vessel is not blocked by external pressure.

[0241] It is understood that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the manner in which the electronic device 100 obtains the user's blood pressure value during the first blood pressure measurement. In addition, step S102 may be an optional step, that is, the electronic device 100 does not need to obtain the user's blood pressure value during the first blood pressure measurement.

[0242] S103. The electronic device 100 starts a second blood pressure measurement. During the second blood pressure measurement, the second pressure applied to the airbag includes a pressure less than the first value. During the application of the second pressure, a second PPG signal is collected when the applied pressure is less than the first value.

[0243] Similar to the first blood pressure measurement, during the second blood pressure measurement, the pressure applied to the airbag by the electronic device 100 may be in the following two situations:

[0244] 1) During the second blood pressure measurement, the maximum pressure applied to the airbag is less than the first value

[0245] That is, the second blood pressure measurement mode initiated by the electronic device 100 may be a low-pressure pressurization mode.

[0246] 2) During the second blood pressure measurement, the maximum pressure applied to the airbag is greater than the first value

[0247] In this way, the electronic device 100 can collect the PPG signal when the pressure applied by the airbag is less than the first value.

[0248] In addition, the second PPG signal collected by the electronic device 100 may be data collected during the airbag pressurization process, or may be data collected during the airbag depressurization process.

[0249] For details about the method of starting blood pressure measurement, the airbag pressure boosting strategy, the method of stopping pressure boosting, etc. during the second blood pressure measurement process, please refer to the relevant content in the above step S101, which will not be repeated here.

[0250] It should be understood that step S103 can be performed before step S101 or after step S101, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0251] S104. The electronic device 100 determines a blood pressure change value of the user between the first blood pressure measurement and the second blood pressure measurement based on the first PPG signal, the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure.

[0252] The electronic device 100 can determine the blood pressure change value of the user between the first blood pressure measurement and the second blood pressure measurement based on the first PPG signal, the second PPG signal, the first pressure, the second pressure, the blood vessel flow when the balloon pressure is less than the first value, and the relationship between the difference between the blood pressure and the balloon pressure.

[0253] When the airbag pressure is less than the first value, the relationship between the blood vessel flow rate and the difference between the blood pressure and the airbag pressure can be referred to in the above formula 12.

[0254] It can be seen that when the balloon pressure is less than the first value, the blood flow rate and the difference between the blood pressure and the balloon pressure are linearly related.

[0255] Specifically, the electronic device 100 can determine a first intermediate value based on the airbag pressures corresponding to two time points and the PPG signal during the first blood pressure measurement process, and determine a second intermediate value based on the airbag pressures corresponding to two time points and the PPG signal during the second blood pressure measurement process, and determine the difference between the first intermediate value and the second intermediate value as the blood pressure change value of the user between the first blood pressure measurement and the second blood pressure measurement.

[0256] Exemplarily, the first pressure may include: pressure applied at a first time point and pressure applied at a second time point. The electronic device 100 may determine a first intermediate value based on the pressure applied at the first time point, the pressure applied at the second time point, the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point, wherein the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point are determined based on the first PPG signal.

[0257] Combined with the above formula 16,

[0258] Among them, X 11 represents the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point, X 12 represents the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point, F 11 represents the pressure applied at the first time point, F 12 represents the pressure applied at the second time point.

[0259] Similarly, the second pressure may include: pressure applied at a third time point and pressure applied at a fourth time point. The electronic device 100 may determine a second intermediate value based on the pressure applied at the third time point, the pressure applied at the fourth time point, the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point, wherein the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point are determined according to the second PPG signal.

[0260] Combined with the above formula 16,

[0261] Among them, X 21 represents the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point, X 22 represents the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point, F 21 represents the pressure applied at the third time point, F 22 represents the pressure applied at the fourth time point.

[0262] It can be understood that the difference between the first intermediate value and the second intermediate value can represent the blood pressure change value of the user from the second blood pressure measurement to the first blood pressure measurement; the difference between the second intermediate value and the first intermediate value can represent the blood pressure change value of the user from the first blood pressure measurement to the second blood pressure measurement.

[0263] It should also be noted that the first time point and the second time point may refer to any two time points in the first blood pressure measurement process, and the third time point and the fourth time point may refer to any two time points in the second blood pressure measurement process.

[0264] The PPG signals corresponding to the first time point and the second time point, and the PPG signals corresponding to the third time point and the fourth time point have the following two situations:

[0265] Case 1: The PPG signal corresponding to the first time point may refer to the PPG signal of the first PPG signal at the first time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point may refer to the PPG signal of the first PPG signal at the second time point. Similarly, the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point may refer to the PPG signal of the second PPG signal at the third time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point may refer to the PPG signal of the second PPG signal at the fourth time point.

[0266] That is to say, the electronic device 100 can directly use the value of the collected PPG signal to calculate the user's blood pressure change value through the above formula 16.

[0267] In this way, the amount of calculation of the electronic device 100 can be reduced.

[0268] Case 2: The PPG signal corresponding to the first time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point are obtained by linear fitting the first PPG signal, and the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point are obtained by linear fitting the second PPG signal.

[0269] Specifically, the electronic device 100 may perform linear fitting on the first PPG signal to obtain a first straight line. The PPG signal corresponding to the first time point may refer to the value of the first straight line at the first time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point may refer to the value of the first straight line at the second time point. Similarly, the electronic device 100 may perform linear fitting on the second PPG signal to obtain a second straight line. The PPG signal corresponding to the third time point may refer to the value of the second straight line at the third time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point may refer to the value of the second straight line at the fourth time point.

[0270] That is, after the electronic device 100 collects the PPG signal during the blood pressure measurement process, it can first perform linear fitting processing on the PPG signal, and use the PPG signal value obtained after the processing to calculate the user's blood pressure change value.

[0271] In this way, the accuracy of the blood pressure change value calculation results can be improved.

[0272] Furthermore, since the user's blood pressure includes systolic pressure and diastolic pressure, the user's blood pressure change value may include any one or more of the following:

[0273] 1) Change in systolic blood pressure

[0274] If the user's blood pressure change value includes a systolic pressure change value, when the electronic device 100 determines the user's blood pressure change value between the first blood pressure measurement and the second blood pressure measurement based on the first PPG signal, the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure, the first PPG signal may specifically refer to the peak value in the first PPG signal, and the second PPG signal may specifically refer to the peak value in the second PPG signal.

[0275] In combination with the above situation 1, the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point may refer to the peak value of the first PPG signal at the first time point, the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point may refer to the peak value of the first PPG signal at the second time point, similarly, the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point may refer to the peak value of the second PPG signal at the third time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point may refer to the peak value of the second PPG signal at the fourth time point.

[0276] In conjunction with the above scenario 2, the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point are obtained by linearly fitting multiple peak values ​​in the first PPG signal. The first straight line is the straight line obtained by linearly fitting multiple peak values ​​in the first PPG signal. Similarly, the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point are obtained by linearly fitting multiple peak values ​​in the second PPG signal. The second straight line is the straight line obtained by linearly fitting multiple peak values ​​in the second PPG signal.

[0277] 2) Diastolic blood pressure change

[0278] If the user's blood pressure change value includes a diastolic pressure change value, when the electronic device 100 determines the user's blood pressure change value between a first blood pressure measurement and a second blood pressure measurement based on the first PPG signal, the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure, the first PPG signal may specifically refer to a trough value in the first PPG signal, and the second PPG signal may specifically refer to a trough value in the second PPG signal.

[0279] In combination with the above situation 1, the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point may refer to the trough value of the first PPG signal at the first time point, the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point may refer to the trough value of the first PPG signal at the second time point, similarly, the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point may refer to the trough value of the second PPG signal at the third time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point may refer to the trough value of the second PPG signal at the fourth time point.

[0280] In conjunction with the above scenario 2, the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point are obtained by linearly fitting multiple trough values ​​in the first PPG signal. The first straight line is a straight line obtained by linearly fitting multiple trough values ​​in the first PPG signal. Similarly, the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point are obtained by linearly fitting multiple trough values ​​in the second PPG signal. The second straight line is a straight line obtained by linearly fitting multiple trough values ​​in the second PPG signal.

[0281] For a detailed description of linear fitting of the PPG signal, please refer to FIG5 and its related contents, which will not be repeated here.

[0282] In some embodiments, the first pressure and / or the second pressure does not exceed a first value, which is less than the pressure required to occlude a blood vessel. In other words, the electronic device 100 can calculate the user's blood pressure change over a period of time by measuring blood pressure in the low-pressure pressurization mode. This not only reduces the user's discomfort during blood pressure measurement, but also accurately calculates the user's blood pressure change.

[0283] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may continue to perform multiple blood pressure measurements, and use the PPG signals and the airbag pressure values ​​collected during the blood pressure measurement when the airbag pressure is less than the first value to calculate a third intermediate value, a fourth intermediate value, and so on, and then use these multiple intermediate values ​​to analyze the user's blood pressure over a period of time. For example, the average real variability (ARV) is calculated using the following formula 18:

[0284] Among them, ARV represents the average dynamic variability, which is used to reflect the stability and fluctuation of blood pressure over a period of time. N represents the number of blood pressure measurements. k represents the middle value obtained from the k-th blood pressure measurement, such as the first middle value, the second middle value, the third middle value, the fourth middle value, and so on.

[0285] Additionally, the intermediate value obtained from the kth blood pressure measurement is determined based on the PPG signal and the cuff pressure collected during the kth blood pressure measurement when the cuff pressure is less than the first value. For details, see the calculation formulas for the first intermediate value and the second intermediate value described above.

[0286] In some embodiments, after the electronic device 100 calculates the blood pressure change value of the user, the electronic device 100 may display the blood pressure change value so that the user can understand the changes in his or her blood pressure over a period of time.

[0287] Furthermore, if the electronic device 100 performs multiple blood pressure measurements, the electronic device 100 can calculate the user's blood pressure change value during any two blood pressure measurements among the multiple blood pressure measurements, and the electronic device 100 can display a curve drawn from these multiple blood pressure change values, so that the user can understand his or her blood pressure change trend over a period of time.

[0288] S105. The electronic device 100 determines the blood pressure value of the user at the second blood pressure measurement based on the blood pressure change value of the user between the first and second blood pressure measurements and the blood pressure value of the user at the first blood pressure measurement.

[0289] According to Formula 17, the user's blood pressure value during the second blood pressure measurement is equal to the user's blood pressure value during the first blood pressure measurement, minus the blood pressure change between the first and second blood pressure measurements. This is because the user's blood pressure change directly reflects the trend of blood pressure changes between the two blood pressure measurements. If the user's accurate blood pressure value during one blood pressure measurement is known, the user's blood pressure value during the second blood pressure measurement can be calculated.

[0290] The blood pressure value of the user during the second blood pressure measurement includes any one or more of the following:

[0291] 1) Systolic blood pressure

[0292] The systolic blood pressure value of the user at the second blood pressure measurement is equal to the systolic blood pressure value of the user at the first blood pressure measurement, minus the systolic blood pressure change value of the user between the first blood pressure measurement and the second blood pressure measurement.

[0293] 2) Diastolic blood pressure

[0294] The diastolic blood pressure value of the user at the second blood pressure measurement is equal to the diastolic blood pressure value of the user at the first blood pressure measurement, minus the diastolic blood pressure change value of the user between the first blood pressure measurement and the second blood pressure measurement.

[0295] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 can perform multiple blood pressure measurements. In this way, the electronic device 100 can obtain the blood pressure change value between any two blood pressure measurements. As long as the electronic device 100 knows the user's blood pressure value at any one of the multiple blood pressure measurements, it can calculate the user's blood pressure value at any other blood pressure measurement.

[0296] Furthermore, it can be seen from Formula 16 that the difference in the intermediate values ​​calculated by the electronic device 100 through the PPG signals and the airbag pressure values ​​collected during the two blood pressure measurements can only be regarded as an approximation of the blood pressure difference of the user during these two blood pressure measurements.

[0297] If the electronic device 100 obtains the user's blood pressure values ​​during N (N≥2) blood pressure measurements, as well as the PPG signal and airbag pressure collected during these N blood pressure measurements when the airbag pressure is less than the first value, the electronic device 100 can use these data to find a more accurate mathematical relationship between the difference between the intermediate value calculated using the airbag pressure and the PPG signal collected during the blood pressure measurement process and the actual blood pressure difference of the user, and then use this mathematical relationship to calculate the user's accurate blood pressure value during any blood pressure measurement, thereby improving the accuracy of the blood pressure calculation.

[0298] Specifically, Formula 17 can be transformed into the following Formula 19:

[0299] Wherein, SBP1 represents the blood pressure value of the user at the first blood pressure measurement, SBP2 represents the blood pressure value of the user at the second blood pressure measurement, represents the first intermediate value, represents the second intermediate value, and α is a coefficient determined based on the blood pressure values ​​of the user during N blood pressure measurements, and the PPG signal and the airbag pressure collected during these N blood pressure measurements when the airbag pressure is less than the first value.

[0300] Among them, α can be calculated by the following steps:

[0301] Step 1: The electronic device 100 calculates M intermediate values ​​S1, S2, S3, ... S based on the PPG signal and the airbag pressure collected during N blood pressure measurements when the airbag pressure is less than the first value. N .

[0302] The calculation method of any intermediate value can refer to the description of the first intermediate value and the second intermediate value above, which will not be repeated here.

[0303] Step 2: The electronic device 100 can sort out N-1 groups of blood pressure data. The i-th group of blood pressure data includes: the blood pressure change value ΔS between the i-th and K-th blood pressure measurements i,K , and the user's blood pressure value SBP at the i-th blood pressure measurement i . i, K=1,2,3,...N, and K≠i.

[0304] Among them, the blood pressure change value ΔS between the i-th and K-th blood pressure measurements is i,K =S i -S K .

[0305] Assuming K is 2, then the N-1 sets of blood pressure data include: (ΔS 1,2 ,SBP1), (ΔS 3,2 ,SBP3),……(ΔSN,2 ,SBP N ).

[0306] Step 3: The electronic device 100 can be operated at ΔS i,K and SBP i As the coordinate axis, plot these N groups of data as N-1 data points on the coordinate axis, and use linear fitting to find the straight line fitted by these N-1 data points, where the slope of the straight line is α.

[0307] For example, FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the principle of linear fitting of multiple data points provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0308] As can be seen from FIG8 , the slope of the straight line obtained after linear fitting of multiple data points is the coefficient α required in Formula 19.

[0309] After the electronic device 100 calculates the coefficient α required by formula 19, the difference between the intermediate values ​​calculated during any two known blood pressure measurements is When the user's calibrated blood pressure value SBP1 is measured during one of the blood pressure measurements, the electronic device 100 can use Formula 19 to calculate the user's measured blood pressure value SBP2 during the other blood pressure measurement between the two blood pressure measurements. Moreover, compared with Formula 17, the measured blood pressure value calculated by Formula 19 is more accurate, thereby improving the accuracy of blood pressure measurement.

[0310] In addition, it can also be understood that after the electronic device 100 calculates the coefficient α, the electronic device 100 can also use the coefficient α to calculate a more accurate blood pressure change value of the user during the two blood pressure measurements. That is, the change in the user's blood pressure between the first blood pressure measurement and the second blood pressure measurement may also be equal to the difference between the first intermediate value and the second intermediate value multiplied by the coefficient α.

[0311] In some embodiments, after the electronic device 100 performs multiple blood pressure measurements, the electronic device 100 may display the user's calibrated blood pressure value and / or the measured blood pressure value calculated using the blood pressure measurement method provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0312] For example, FIG9 is a user interface 20 for displaying blood pressure measurement results provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0313] As shown in Figure 9, the user interface 20 may include a blood pressure diagram 211, which can be used to display the calibrated blood pressure values ​​and measured blood pressure values ​​obtained when the electronic device 100 measures blood pressure at different times, wherein the calibrated blood pressure values ​​and the measured blood pressure values ​​can both include two blood pressure values: systolic pressure value and diastolic pressure value.

[0314] In the user interface 20, the calibrated blood pressure value and the measured blood pressure value can be marked with different symbols on the blood pressure schematic diagram 211. Since the measured blood pressure value is an approximately calculated blood pressure value, the display area of ​​the symbol corresponding to the measured blood pressure value can be larger than the display area of ​​the symbol corresponding to the standard blood pressure value.

[0315] In this way, users can understand their blood pressure levels at different times, as well as the blood pressure change trends over a period of time, so that users can control and manage their blood pressure health in a timely manner.

[0316] In addition, since the airbag pressurization method is used to measure the user's blood pressure, it is usually necessary to keep the user's detection site aligned with the heart to ensure the accuracy of the blood pressure measurement results. The detection site can refer to the part of the user wearing the electronic device 100. For example, if the electronic device 100 is a watch worn on the user's wrist, the user's wrist must be kept as aligned as possible with the heart when the electronic device 100 is measuring the blood pressure.

[0317] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may display a prompt message before starting blood pressure measurement, prompting the user to keep the detection site aligned with the heart.

[0318] In other embodiments, during the actual blood pressure measurement process, if the electronic device 100 cannot ensure that the detection site of the user is aligned with the heart, the electronic device 100 may perform the following operations:

[0319] 1) The electronic device 100 can distinguish the measurement results of the user's detection part not being aligned with the heart from the other measurement results, so that the user can distinguish between accurate and inaccurate measurement results.

[0320] 2) The electronic device 100 may only calculate the blood pressure change value between blood pressure measurements, without calculating the user's blood pressure value.

[0321] 3) The electronic device 100 can compensate the blood pressure measurement result based on the position difference between the user's detection part and the heart.

[0322] Among them, the electronic device 100 can track the position of the user's detection part in real time based on sensors such as acceleration sensors, gyroscope sensors, etc. When the electronic device 100 measures blood pressure, the blood pressure value calculated by the electronic device 100 is compensated based on the position difference or height difference between the user's detection part and the heart.

[0323] It can be seen from steps S101-S105 that the electronic device 100 can use blood pressure measurement in a low-pressure pressurization mode to monitor the user's blood pressure change trend, or further combine the user's blood pressure values ​​during one or more blood pressure measurements to deduce the user's blood pressure values ​​during the remaining one or more blood pressure measurements.

[0324] In the low pressure mode, the pressure applied by the electronic device 100 is small, which causes less interference to the user. Therefore, the blood pressure measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the blood pressure measurement of the user while sleeping.

[0325] This is because when users are sleeping, they are not easily aware of the impact of high or low blood pressure on their bodies, which can easily delay the opportunity to control blood pressure. Therefore, blood pressure monitoring during sleep is also extremely important. In addition, if conventional blood pressure measurement methods are used to measure the user's blood pressure, for users with poor sleep quality, the greater external force during blood pressure measurement will affect the user's sleep state, causing the user to be unwilling to start blood pressure measurement while sleeping.

[0326] The blood pressure measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application uses a smaller pressure value to measure the user's blood pressure, which has less impact on the user. It can measure the user's blood pressure while the user is sleeping while trying not to disturb the user.

[0327] FIG10 is a flow chart of the blood pressure measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present application when applied in a sleeping scenario.

[0328] S201. The electronic device 100 performs K blood pressure measurements before the user falls asleep, wherein during the K blood pressure measurements, the pressure applied to the airbag includes a pressure less than a first value.

[0329] Since if the electronic device 100 only performs blood pressure measurement in the low-pressure pressurization mode, it can only calculate the blood pressure change value between two blood pressure measurements. Therefore, if the electronic device 100 needs to calculate the user's blood pressure value under a single blood pressure measurement, it is necessary to use the existing blood pressure measurement method to measure the user's blood pressure value during one or more blood pressure measurements (hereinafter referred to as the calibration blood pressure value), and based on the calibration blood pressure value, assist in calculating the user's blood pressure value when performing blood pressure measurement in the low-pressure pressurization mode.

[0330] Furthermore, since existing blood pressure measurement methods cannot perform blood pressure measurement without the user's perception, for example, it may be necessary to measure the user's blood pressure value under a larger air bag pressure, or to perform invasive blood pressure measurement, or to use external measuring equipment to achieve blood pressure measurement, etc., the electronic device 100 can use the existing blood pressure measurement method to measure the user's calibrated blood pressure value during one or more of the K blood pressure measurements before the user falls asleep.

[0331] In the process of the electronic device 100 performing K blood pressure measurements, the electronic device 100 can obtain a PPG signal collected when the airbag pressure is less than the first value.

[0332] S202. The electronic device 100 obtains the user's calibrated blood pressure values ​​during the K blood pressure measurements.

[0333] The calibrated blood pressure value may be measured by the electronic device 100 or other electronic devices.

[0334] For example, if the user's calibrated blood pressure value is measured by the electronic device 100 during these K blood pressure measurements, then the maximum pressure value applied to the airbag during the K blood pressure measurements performed by the electronic device 100 can be greater than the pressure of blocking the arterial blood flow. In this way, the electronic device 100 can use the complete oscillation wave signal collected from the state where the arterial blood flow is blocked to the state where there is no external force compressing the arterial blood flow to analyze the user's calibrated blood pressure value.

[0335] S203. The electronic device 100 determines whether the user enters a sleeping state.

[0336] For example, the electronic device 100 may determine whether the user enters the sleep state by:

[0337] 1) The electronic device 100 identifies whether the user enters a sleep state based on the user operation

[0338] Specifically, when the user is about to enter the sleep state, the user may input an operation of going to sleep to the electronic device 100. If the electronic device 100 detects that the user has input the operation of entering the sleep state, the electronic device 100 determines that the user has entered the sleep state.

[0339] 2) The electronic device 100 can identify whether the user has entered a sleep state by whether the current time has reached a preset time or is within a preset time period.

[0340] If the current time reaches the preset time or is in the preset time period, it is determined that the user has entered the sleep state.

[0341] The preset time or preset time period may be preset in advance by a developer, or determined by the electronic device 100 by analyzing the user's usage of the electronic device 100. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the source of the preset time or preset time period.

[0342] 3) The electronic device 100 identifies whether the user has entered a sleep state based on the user's physiological indicators and / or motion status

[0343] For example, the physiological indicators may include but are not limited to: heart rate, skin temperature, respiration, blood oxygen saturation, etc., and the motion state may include: stillness, movement, lying down, sitting upright, etc. The electronic device 100 can obtain the user's physiological indicators or motion state through its own sensors or sensors equipped by other devices.

[0344] For example, when a user enters a sleep state, their heartbeat and breathing usually slow down. Therefore, the electronic device 100 can identify whether the user enters a sleep state based on whether the user's heartbeat and breathing undergo specified changes.

[0345] It is understandable that the electronic device 100 can also determine whether the user enters the sleep state in other ways, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0346] After the electronic device 100 determines that the user has entered the sleep state, the electronic device 100 may execute step S204.

[0347] S204. The electronic device 100 starts blood pressure measurement in the low-pressure pressurization mode M times, wherein in the low-pressure pressurization mode, the pressure applied to the airbag is less than the first value.

[0348] When the user enters a sleeping state, the electronic device 100 uses the existing blood pressure measurement method to measure the user's blood pressure, which is likely to affect the user's sleeping state. Therefore, the electronic device 100 can start blood pressure measurement in a low-pressure pressurization mode.

[0349] In the low-pressure pressurization mode, the electronic device 100 can apply pressure to the airbag to inflate the airbag and squeeze the user's blood vessels, thereby collecting PPG signals when the user's blood vessels are compressed by external force.

[0350] Among them, since the pressure applied to the airbag is less than the first value, and the first value is less than the pressure required to block arterial blood flow, the pressure perceived by the user is relatively small and is not likely to affect the user's sleep.

[0351] It should also be noted that the K mentioned in step S201 and the M mentioned in step S204 have the following relationship:

[0352] 1) If M ≥ 1, then K ≥ 1

[0353] That is, the electronic device 100 can only initiate one blood pressure measurement in the low-pressure mode when the user is asleep. In this case, at least one blood pressure measurement should be performed before the user falls asleep. In this way, the electronic device 100 can use the PPG signals and the airbag pressure from these two blood pressure measurements to calculate the changes in the user's blood pressure before and after sleep.

[0354] 2) If M ≥ 2, then K ≥ 0

[0355] That is, if the electronic device 100 initiates two blood pressure measurements in the low-pressure mode while the user is asleep, there is no need to perform a blood pressure measurement before the user falls asleep. Based on the two blood pressure measurements initiated while the user is asleep, the electronic device 100 can also calculate the changes in the user's blood pressure during sleep.

[0356] In some embodiments, when the user is asleep, the electronic device 100 can initiate blood pressure measurement in the low-pressure pressurization mode multiple times to monitor the user's blood pressure at multiple times. For example, the electronic device 100 can initiate blood pressure measurement in the low-pressure pressurization mode once every specified time interval (e.g., one hour).

[0357] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may wait for a period of time after determining that the user has entered a sleep state before executing step S204. Although the pressure applied to the airbag by the electronic device 100 in the low-pressure pressurization mode is relatively small, it still has a certain impact on the user. Therefore, the electronic device 100 may initiate blood pressure measurement in the low-pressure pressurization mode after the user enters a stable sleep state, thereby minimizing the impact of blood pressure measurement on the user's sleep state.

[0358] Furthermore, whether the electronic device 100 waits for a period of time, or the length of time the electronic device waits, can be set by the user, or determined based on the user's sleep state after the electronic device 100 measures blood pressure in the low-pressure pressurization mode.

[0359] For example, if the electronic device 100 adopts blood pressure measurement in the small pressure pressurization mode after waiting for a period of time, and interrupts the user's sleep state, the waiting time can be extended when the blood pressure measurement in the small pressure pressurization mode is started next time. If the electronic device 100 adopts blood pressure measurement in the small pressure pressurization mode after waiting for a period of time, and does not interrupt the user's sleep state, the waiting time can be shortened when the blood pressure measurement in the small pressure pressurization mode is started next time.

[0360] S205. The electronic device 100 determines whether the user's sleep state ends.

[0361] For example, the electronic device 100 may determine whether the user's sleep state has ended in the following manner:

[0362] 1) The electronic device 100 identifies whether the user's sleep state has ended based on the user's operation

[0363] Specifically, after sleeping, the user may input an operation to end sleeping to the electronic device 100. If the electronic device 100 detects that the user has input the operation to end sleeping, the electronic device 100 determines that the user's sleeping state has ended.

[0364] 2) The electronic device 100 can identify whether the user's sleep state has ended by whether the current time has reached the preset time or is in the preset time period.

[0365] If the current time reaches the preset time or is in the preset time period, it is determined that the user's sleep state ends.

[0366] The preset time or preset time period may be preset in advance by a developer, or determined by the electronic device 100 by analyzing the user's usage of the electronic device 100. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the source of the preset time or preset time period.

[0367] 3) The electronic device 100 identifies whether the user's sleep state has ended based on the user's physiological indicators and / or motion status

[0368] For example, the physiological indicators may include but are not limited to: heart rate, skin temperature, respiration, blood oxygen saturation, etc., and the motion state may include: stillness, movement, lying down, sitting upright, etc. The electronic device 100 can obtain the user's physiological indicators or motion state through its own sensors or sensors equipped by other devices.

[0369] For example, when a user ends a sleep state, their heartbeat usually increases and their breathing changes. Therefore, the electronic device 100 can identify whether the user ends a sleep state based on whether the user's heartbeat and breathing undergo specified changes.

[0370] It is understandable that the electronic device 100 can also determine whether the user's sleep state has ended in other ways, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0371] After the electronic device 100 determines that the user's sleep state ends, the electronic device 100 may execute step S206.

[0372] It can be understood that step S205 can be an optional step. After initiating two blood pressure measurements, the electronic device 100 can execute step S206, that is, determine the blood pressure change value of the user between the two blood pressure measurements based on the data collected during the two blood pressure measurements, or execute step S207, that is, determine the blood pressure value of the user in the other blood pressure measurement process based on the data collected during the two blood pressure measurements and the calibrated blood pressure value of the user in one of the blood pressure measurements.

[0373] S206. The electronic device 100 determines the blood pressure change value of the user between the two blood pressure measurements based on the PPG signal and the pressure value of the airbag collected when the pressure applied to the airbag is less than the first value during the two blood pressure measurements.

[0374] Specifically, for any blood pressure measurement, the electronic device 100 can extract the PPG signal value and the airbag pressure value corresponding to two time points during the blood pressure measurement process when the airbag pressure is less than the first value, and then calculate the blood pressure change value of the user between the two blood pressure measurements through the above formula 16.

[0375] It can be understood that the two blood pressure measurements may refer to any two blood pressure measurements between K+M or M blood pressure measurements performed by the electronic device 100 .

[0376] Afterwards, the electronic device 100 can display the blood pressure change value between the two blood pressure measurements so that the user can understand the changes in his or her own blood pressure.

[0377] S207. The electronic device 100 determines the blood pressure value of the user during another blood pressure measurement based on the blood pressure change value of the user between the two blood pressure measurements and the calibrated blood pressure value of the user during one of the blood pressure measurements.

[0378] Since the blood pressure change value of the user between the two blood pressure measurements can be determined based on the PPG signal and the pressure value of the airbag collected during the two blood pressure measurements, if the blood pressure value of the user during one of the blood pressure measurements is known, the electronic device 100 can calculate the blood pressure value of the user during the other blood pressure measurement.

[0379] In this way, the electronic device 100 can calculate the user's blood pressure value during any one of the M blood pressure measurements.

[0380] Afterwards, the electronic device 100 can display the blood pressure value of the user during blood pressure measurement so that the user can understand his or her blood pressure value at a certain time point.

[0381] It is understood that if step S202 is an optional step, then step S207 is an optional step. In other words, if the electronic device 100 does not obtain the user's calibrated blood pressure value during the blood pressure measurement process, the electronic device 100 cannot calculate the user's blood pressure value during the blood pressure measurement in the low-pressure mode.

[0382] It can be seen from steps S203-S206 that after the user enters the sleep state, the electronic device 100 can start blood pressure measurement in the small pressure pressurization mode to detect changes in the user's blood pressure, which can not only realize blood pressure monitoring of the user in the sleep state, but also avoid the blood pressure measurement from affecting the user's sleep state as much as possible. Furthermore, it can be seen from steps S201-S207 that if the electronic device 100 wants to calculate the blood pressure value of the user during the blood pressure measurement in the small pressure pressurization mode in the sleep state, the electronic device 100 can measure the user's blood pressure value before the user enters the sleep state, and use the blood pressure value to calculate the user's blood pressure value in the sleep state, thereby realizing accurate blood pressure measurement.

[0383] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a blood pressure measurement device 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0384] As shown in FIG11 , the blood pressure measurement device 200 may include components such as a processor 201 and a memory 202. These components may be connected via a bus 203 or other means. FIG11 uses a bus connection as an example, where the bus 203 is used to implement communication between the processor 201 and the memory 202.

[0385] The processor 201 may include one or more processing units and may be configured to provide computing and control capabilities to support the operation of the entire blood pressure measurement device 200 .

[0386] The memory 202 may be used to store various software programs and / or multiple sets of instructions. Specifically, the memory 202 may include a high-speed random access memory and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0387] In the embodiment of the present application, the blood pressure measurement device 200 may be the electronic device 100 described above. The processor 201 may be configured to obtain a PPG signal when the airbag pressure is less than a first value during the blood pressure measurement process, and determine the change in the user's blood pressure between the two blood pressure measurements using the PPG signal and airbag pressure collected during the two blood pressure measurements. The memory 202 may be configured to store the airbag pressure value and the collected PPG signal during the blood pressure measurement process, as well as the software or program code required for all or part of the functions of the electronic device 100 in the above method embodiment.

[0388] It should be noted that the blood pressure measuring device 200 shown in FIG11 is only one implementation of an embodiment of the present application. In actual applications, the blood pressure measuring device 200 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or deploy different components, which is not limited here.

[0389] It should be understood that each step in the above method embodiment can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in a processor or by software instructions. The method steps disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules in a processor.

[0390] The present application also provides an electronic device, which may include a memory and a processor. The memory may be used to store a computer program, and the processor may be used to call the computer program in the memory so that the electronic device executes the method executed by the electronic device 100 in any of the above embodiments.

[0391] The present application also provides a chip system, which includes at least one processor for implementing the functions involved in the method performed by the electronic device 100 in any of the above embodiments.

[0392] In one possible design, the chip system further includes a memory, which is used to store program instructions and data, and the memory is located inside or outside the processor.

[0393] The chip system can be composed of chips, or can include chips and other discrete devices.

[0394] Optionally, there may be one or more processors in the chip system. The processor may be implemented in hardware or software. When implemented in hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc. When implemented in software, the processor may be a general-purpose processor implemented by reading software code stored in a memory.

[0395] Optionally, the memory in the chip system may be one or more. The memory may be integrated with the processor or may be provided separately from the processor, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the memory may be a non-transient processor, such as a read-only memory (ROM), which may be integrated with the processor on the same chip or provided on different chips. The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the type of memory or the configuration of the memory and the processor.

[0396] Exemplarily, the chip system may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD) or other integrated chips.

[0397] The present application also provides a computer program product, which includes: a computer program (also referred to as code, or instructions), which, when executed, enables a computer to execute any method executed by the electronic device 100 in any of the above embodiments.

[0398] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program (also referred to as code or instruction). When the computer program is executed, the computer executes the method executed by any one of the electronic devices 100 in any of the above embodiments.

[0399] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above-mentioned method embodiment can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or by software instructions. The above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. The various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly implemented and executed by a hardware decoding processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in a storage medium well-known in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above-mentioned method.

[0400] In addition, embodiments of the present application further provide a device. Specifically, the device may be a component or module, and may include one or more processors and a memory connected to each other. The memory is configured to store a computer program. When the computer program is executed by one or more processors, the device performs the methods described in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0401] The apparatus, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, or chip provided in the embodiments of the present application are all used to execute the corresponding methods provided above. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding methods provided above and will not be repeated here.

[0402] The various implementation modes of this application can be combined arbitrarily to achieve different technical effects.

[0403] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described herein are generated. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state drive (SSD)).

[0404] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the process steps in the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing the relevant hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program can include the process steps in the above-described method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM or random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0405] In short, the above description is only an embodiment of the technical solution of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made based on the disclosure of this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A blood pressure measurement method, characterized in that: The method is applied to an electronic device, wherein the electronic device includes an airbag, and the method includes: applying a first pressure to the airbag, the first pressure comprising a pressure less than a first value, During the process of applying the first pressure, collecting a first PPG signal when the applied pressure is less than a first value; applying a second pressure to the airbag, the second pressure comprising a pressure less than the first value, During the process of applying the second pressure, collecting a second PPG signal when the applied pressure is less than the first value; A blood pressure change value of the user between applying the first pressure and applying the second pressure is determined based on the first PPG signal, the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining a blood pressure change value of the user between applying the first pressure and applying the second pressure based on the first PPG signal, the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure specifically includes: A change in the user's blood pressure between the application of the first pressure and the application of the second pressure is determined based on the first PPG signal, the second PPG signal, the first pressure, the second pressure, a vascular flow when the bladder pressure value is less than the first value, and a relationship between the blood pressure and the bladder pressure, wherein the vascular flow is determined by the PPG signal.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that When the balloon pressure value is less than the first value, the relationship between the blood vessel flow and the difference between the blood pressure and the balloon pressure is expressed by the following formula: Q≈a·SBP-a·F+b Where Q represents vascular flow, SBP represents blood pressure, F represents cuff pressure, and a and b are constants.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The first pressure includes: pressure applied at a first time point, pressure applied at a second time point, The second pressure includes: the pressure applied at the third time point, the pressure applied at the fourth time point, Determining a change in the user's blood pressure between applying the first pressure and applying the second pressure specifically includes: determining a first intermediate value based on the pressure applied at the first time point, the pressure applied at the second time point, a PPG signal corresponding to the first time point, and a PPG signal corresponding to the second time point, where the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point are determined based on the first PPG signal; determining a second intermediate value based on the pressure applied at the third time point, the pressure applied at the fourth time point, the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point, and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point, where the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point are determined based on the second PPG signal; The difference between the first intermediate value and the second intermediate value is determined as the blood pressure change value of the user between applying the first pressure and applying the second pressure.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that described Among them, X 11 represents the PPG signal corresponding to the first time point, X 12 represents the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point, F 11 represents the pressure applied at the first time point, F 12 represents the pressure applied at the second time point; described Among them, X 21 represents the PPG signal corresponding to the third time point, X 22 represents the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point, F 21 represents the pressure applied at the third time point, F 22 represents the pressure applied at the fourth time point.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that The PPG signal corresponding to the first time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the second time point are obtained by linear fitting the first PPG signal; The PPG signal corresponding to the third time point and the PPG signal corresponding to the fourth time point are obtained by linear fitting the second PPG signal.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The blood pressure change value includes: systolic pressure change value, Determining a blood pressure change value of the user between applying the first pressure and applying the second pressure based on the first PPG signal, the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure specifically includes: determining a change in systolic blood pressure of a user between applying the first pressure and applying the second pressure based on a peak value in the first PPG signal, a peak value in the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure; and / or, The blood pressure change value includes: diastolic pressure change value, Determining a change in the user's blood pressure from applying the first pressure to applying the second pressure based on the first PPG signal, the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure specifically includes: A diastolic pressure change value of the user between applying the first pressure and applying the second pressure is determined based on a trough value in the first PPG signal, a trough value in the second PPG signal, the first pressure, and the second pressure.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The second pressure does not exceed the first value, and the first value is smaller than the pressure required to block a blood vessel.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that Before applying the second pressure to the airbag, the method further includes: The user was detected to be asleep.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The method further comprises: obtaining a blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied; The blood pressure value of the user when the second pressure is applied is determined based on the blood pressure change value and the blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The blood pressure value of the user when the second pressure is applied is equal to the blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied, minus the blood pressure change value.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The blood pressure value of the user when the second pressure is applied is equal to the blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied, minus the blood pressure change value multiplied by the first coefficient; The first coefficient is determined based on M groups of blood pressure data, where the i-th group of blood pressure data includes: the blood pressure change value determined by the pressure applied to the airbag for the i-th and K-th times and the collected PPG signal, and the blood pressure value of the user when the airbag pressure is applied for the i-th time, M≥1, i, K=1, 2, …., M+1, and K≠i.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that: The blood pressure value includes a systolic blood pressure value, wherein the systolic blood pressure value of the user when the second pressure is applied is equal to the systolic blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied, minus a change in the systolic blood pressure of the user between applying the first pressure and applying the second pressure; and / or, The blood pressure value includes a diastolic pressure value, and the diastolic pressure value of the user when the second pressure is applied is equal to the diastolic pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied, minus the diastolic pressure change value of the user between applying the first pressure and applying the second pressure.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that: The blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied is measured by an external blood pressure measuring device or the electronic device.

15. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that: The first pressure includes the pressure value required to block the blood vessel, and the blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied is calculated by the electronic device based on the oscillation wave signal reflected by the blood vessel between no external pressure and blockage.

16. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that: The method further comprises: A first curve is displayed, the first curve including the blood pressure value of the user when the first pressure is applied and the blood pressure value of the user when the second pressure is applied.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that The electronic device is a watch, a bracelet, a ring, a wrist blood pressure monitor or an arm blood pressure monitor.

18. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a memory, one or more processors, and one or more programs; when the one or more processors execute the one or more programs, the electronic device implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, characterized in that: When the instructions are executed on an electronic device, the electronic device is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

20. A computer program product, characterized in that When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

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