Coated tablet for fuel additive

Abstract

The invention addresses the instability and toxicity of organometallic compounds used as fuel additives, which can pose environmental and health risks during handling. While these additives improve fuel combustion, efficiency, and reduce emissions by increasing octane, their handling exposes humans and the environment. This invention provides a formulation, coating process (spraying, immersion, extrusion, powder coating), and testing method to prevent direct contact. Coatings, comprising organic hydrocarbons, do not hinder octane enhancement, ensure deposit-free release in fuel tanks, and clean the fuel system. The coating also prevents sublimation during storage. Performance is evaluated by measuring weight loss under vacuum.

Description

DescriptionTitle of Invention : Coated Tablet For Fuel Additive)Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the formulation of fuel additives from organometallic compounds in the form of powder and coated tablets, as well as the coating process and their testing method.Background Art

[0002] Inventions and patents concerning octane boosters, fuel additives, and fuel improvers are divided into two categories. The first group attempts to modify the octane number by adding additives, while the other group, in the fuel production process at refineries, employs various operations and processes to increase the octane number and quality of the final fuel. The significant distinguishing feature of the present invention, which is the "formulation, production process, and testing method of fuel and oil additives in the form of powder or coated tablets," compared to the prior art, is typically the presence of a coating on these solid compounds. This makes them suitable for use in modern vehicle fuels sensitive to solubility and protects humans and the environment from accidental contact with these materials.

[0003] In Iranian Patent No. 26152, titled "New Catalysts for the Production of Gasoline Additives," methyl alcohol is passed through special catalysts at room temperature, and it is claimed that adding it at a rate of 10% to gasoline increases its antiknock index by 7 octane numbers. These catalysts are obtained by heating and drying acidic sludges. The octane booster produced in this invention is alcoholic and liquid, leading to problems of volatility, increased vapor pressure, and water solubility of the fuel. One of the distinguishing features of the present invention compared to this prior art is in the solidified compounds, which do not affect the vapor pressure of gasoline and are also protected by a coating that prevents water absorption, aeration, sublimation, and oxidation before use and in the fuel tank.

[0004] Another invention claimed the production of liquid butylcyclopentadienylmanganesetricarbonyl, the liquid addition of which to fuel improved the octane number of gasoline. This invention was published as IranianPatent No. 78614, titled "Fuel Consumption Optimization by Metal Supplements." These compounds, like most organometallic compounds, are toxic and pose a risk to both the environment and the consumer if safety precautions are not followed. These compounds are inherently liquid and, as reported in the patent document, oxidize immediately in the presence of air and ambient temperature, turning into manganese oxide, which can cause deposits in fuels that remain in the tank for a long time. The method presented in the present invention and its difference from the prior art is that it can encapsulate these liquid compounds into solid compounds and, by creating a protective coating compatible with the fuel formulation and organometallic compounds, prevent direct contact of air, humans, and the environment with these compounds until they reach the fuel tank. It also allows the use of these liquid compounds in solid form as powder or coated tablets. Furthermore, while this invention describes the process of manufacturing this liquid compound through a chemical process, it does not provide a solution for protecting these compounds from instability and toxicity upon contact with the environment and humans. The short lifespan of this compound and its rapid conversion to manganese oxide and carbonate is mentioned as an advantage for its rapid disposal from the environment, while this very instability upon exposure to light and air can cause problems in the fuel tank and engine.

[0005] In general, organometallic compounds require formulations that reduce direct human and environmental contact with them and prevent their instability against air and light. The present invention, "formulation, production process, and testing method of fuel and oil additives in the form of powder or coated tablets," solves both the instability problem and the contact with humans and the environment before entering the fuel tank by providing a solid formulation and its protective coating.

[0006] A group of the same inventors, in another invention No. 79678 titled "Fuel Consumption Optimization by Synthesis of New Octane Boosters with Urethane Groups Based on Toluene Diisocyanate," added thermally stable and fuelcompatible compounds in very small amounts (around 2%) to naphtha and used them to increase the octane number. In addition to the limitation of the amount added to the fuel, these compounds can cause sedimentation or gel formation athigh concentrations and also have limitations in terms of production volume and cost compared to other methods.

[0007] Another invention titled "Production of Super Gasoline with Optimized Percentage Composition of Oxygenated Compounds," Iranian Patent No. 73202, involves the inventor adding liquid solvents such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, ethanol, methanol, and methyl acetate between 3.5% and 10% at the refinery to produce super gasoline. In this method, adding alcoholic solvent compounds, while increasing the vapor pressure of gasoline and reducing energy density, especially at the refinery, increases transportation costs per unit of energy and causes problems such as water absorption and increased vapor pressure, etc., which arise from adding alcoholic compounds to fuel. In this invention, these ratios have also been optimized using Taguchi methods. However, in the present invention, adding very small amounts of coated organometallic compounds to fuel, compared to alcohol-based compounds, increases the octane number while preventing any water absorption, undesirable increase in vapor pressure, and reduction in fuel energy density.

[0008] Another invention titled "Production of a New Gasoline Formulation," Iranian Patent No. 72402, involved the inventor formulating gasoline with 2-methyl-2- pentene and 2-methyl-2-butene and using methylcyclopentadienylmanganesetricarbonyl (MMT) and oxygenated alcoholic compounds to modify the octane number. The inventor claimed that using alcoholic compounds alongside MMT leads to a synergistic effect in increasing the octane number compared to using them individually. The mentioned invention does not address and solve the problem of human and environmental contact with organometallic compounds during production, transportation, storage, and distribution until use in the fuel tank.

[0009] Another invention exists in the prior art as "Production of High Octane Super Gasoline from Gas Condensates and Naphtha in Aromatic Units." This invention, Iranian Patent No. 52095, attempted to prevent the production of aromatic compounds and produce strategic high-octane super gasoline by making process changes without altering conventional equipment and catalysts.

[0010] Another invention titled "Production of Formulations with Different Additives to Control the Vapor Pressure of Gasoline, Methanol Mixture, and New Non- Oxygenated Octane-Boosting Additives," Iranian Patent No. 70864, dealt with adding various liquid compounds such as methanol, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, and methoxybenzene and examined and optimized the effect of increasing the fuel vapor pressure.

[0011] In WIPO Publication No. W02008073017, fuel or crude oil is introduced with additive compositions comprising at least one iron compound, a dispersing and stabilizing solvent, anti-caking agents, and a co-additive, which reduces pollution and smoke production. These formulations are usually liquid, and there is no control over their release into the environment and accidental contact. In contrast, the present invention involves solid compounds that, through efficient coating methods, not only prevent accidental contact with humans and the environment but also, due to their high solubility and considering the high sensitivity of injectors and fuel delivery systems in modern vehicles, do not cause deposits in them.

[0012] Another document, GB2321906, introduces a fuel additive composition for compression ignition engines comprising: a) a calcium salt; b) an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt other than calcium. This additive reduces particulate emissions, and the salts are usually sulfonates, salicylates, or carboxylates. This additive also reduces smoke, but its distinguishing feature from the present invention, in addition to the use of organometallic compounds in the present invention and its powder and tablet form, is the protection of the environment and the consumer from accidental contact with these materials by designing and applying specific coatings to these solids.

[0013] Summary of Invention

[0014] Organometallic compounds are generally unstable and toxic. They may harm the environment and humans during production, storage, and use. In cases where these materials are accessible to the general public, accidental contact with them can endanger human health and the environment. These compounds increase the octane number of vehicle fuels, leading to better combustion, increased efficiency, reduced emissions and consumption, prevention of knock,and improved engine health. However, their production, distribution, storage, transportation, and transfer to the fuel tank can expose humans and the environment to accidental contact with these materials. The present invention, by providing a formulation, a coating application process, and a testing method, offers a solution to protect against potential and direct contact of humans and the environment with organometallic compounds. These coatings not only do not impair the effectiveness of these compounds in increasing the octane number but also quickly and without causing deposits, release the organometallic additives into the fuel tank and also contribute to the cleaning of the fuel delivery system. Furthermore, this invention prevents the sublimation of powder and tablets of organometallic compounds during storage and warehousing. Organic hydrocarbon compounds with a melting point between 30 and 300 degrees Celsius and comprising at least 10% carbon by mass are applied to the organometallic compounds through spraying, immersion in a molten bath or solution, extrusion, and powder coating methods, forming a layer with a thickness of 0.01 microns to 1 millimeter on the tablet or powder, and then their performance is evaluated through a testing method involving the application of a vacuum of 10'4to 1 bar at a temperature of -30 to 300 degrees Celsius and measuring the weight loss.Technical Problem

[0015] Fuel additives are indispensable for improving the performance of vehicles and heating devices such as automobiles, ships, aircraft, trains, stoves, and furnaces. Given the onset of a price rally in fossil fuels, aimed at facilitating their replacement with clean fuels (especially hydrogen), the efficient utilization of fossil fuels will become highly significant in the near future. Adding fuel additives to the vehicle tank, in addition to reducing fuel consumption by increasing the octane number, also helps to decrease the emission of pollutants into the environment. Pollutants such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and soot particles resulting from incomplete combustion, besides increasing greenhouse gases, exacerbate the pollution of large cities by contributing to the formation and stability of particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns. The correct and complete reaction of fuel with oxygen is the primary determining factor in the level of vehicle emissions. The formation of the lowestamount of unburnt hydrocarbons (HC) along with the lowest amount of carbon monoxide indicates a better and faster combination of fuel with oxygen. The incorrect reaction of fuel with oxygen, in addition to releasing more greenhouse gases, also reduces engine efficiency, torque, and causes knock, as well as reducing engine life.

[0016] Various organometallic compounds can properly control and catalyze the fuelair reaction process. These metals can be composed of noble metals or groups 8, 9, and 10 of the periodic table. The organic moiety can also be carbon-containing compounds in which carbon is directly bonded to the central metal. Since organometallic compounds, especially metallocenes, tend to sublimate due to the lack of strong intermolecular forces, creating a suitable coating to prevent this phenomenon and protect the environment and human health against accidental contact with them is crucial. This is particularly important in fuel additives, which are among the products that create the most contact between organometallic compounds and humans and the environment. This invention can reduce the sublimation of these compounds during storage before being used in the fuel tank and prevent damage to the environment and humans associated with these compounds. Additionally, preventing accidental skin contact with these compounds through an efficient and fuel-compatible coating can help protect consumer health and individuals involved in the supply chain by preventing direct contact with these products and additives. Furthermore, the environment remains safe from the harmful effects of accidental release of these compounds. The coatings in the present invention are designed to dissolve quickly in the fuel tank, not deposit in the fuel tank and injectors, and also improve some fuel properties such as detergency.Solution to Problem

[0017] In order to solve the described problem, various materials were tested. These materials include different types of compounds that are soluble in fuel and do not cause problems such as insoluble deposits or slow down the dissolution rate of the tablets in the fuel. Furthermore, such coatings are made of compounds that can simultaneously clean the fuel delivery system while increasing the octane number through the tablet. Additionally, these compounds were processed into powder and tablets and tested for sublimation under vacuum.

[0018] This formulation is obtained from one or more organometallic compounds, which are coated and produced by methods such as spraying at a controlled temperature, immersion in a molten bath or solution, powder coating, or by an extruder, along with one or more organic hydrocarbon compounds having a melting point higher than 30 degrees Celsius and comprising at least 10% carbon.

[0019] The organometallic compound in this invention can include central metals from manganese, zirconium, titanium, vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, hafnium, chromium, lithium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, iron, cobalt, nickel, and other alkali, alkaline earth, or transition metals, or combinations thereof, in an amount of 0.5% to 99.5% by mass. These organometallic compounds can have an anionic part including various carbonyl, monoxide, cyclopentadienyl, methylamine, and other anionic compounds containing carbon or oxygen. These organometallic compounds can constitute 0.5% to 99.5% by mass of the tablet formulation.

[0020] Organic hydrocarbon compounds with a melting point characteristic of -30 to 300 degrees Celsius and comprising at least 10% carbon are coated onto powder or tablets made of organometallic compounds using various methods. These organic hydrocarbon compounds have a solubility of 0.01% to 50% by mass in fuel or oil at 25 degrees Celsius. These compounds can include linear, branched, aromatic or non-aromatic, short or long chain compounds, waxes, acids, amines, or fatty alcohols, and solid peroxides, which are applied to the organometallic compounds by spraying, immersion in a molten bath or solution, extrusion, and powder coating methods, forming a layer with a thickness of 0.01 microns to 1 millimeter on the powder or tablet. This coating prevents the organometallic compound from coming into contact with humans and the environment and also prevents the sublimation of these compounds during packaging and storage. Furthermore, these coatings can improve other fuel properties such as detergency. The described organic hydrocarbon compounds can include various paraffin waxes with a melting point characteristic of -30 to 300 degrees Celsius, and linear, branched, aromatic or non-aromatic, short or long chain compounds, waxes, acids, amines, or fatty alcohols, and solid peroxides with at least 10% carbon and a solubility of 0.01% to 50% by mass in fuel and oil at 25 degrees Celsius, and constitute 0.5% to 99.5% by mass of the tablet formulation, and preferably 10% to 50% by mass of the tablet formulation.

[0021] Long-chain linear organic hydrocarbon compounds can include various paraffin waxes, similar compounds, derivatives, or a mixture thereof. Aromatic organic hydrocarbon compounds and solid peroxides can include naphthalene, diphenylamine, benzoyl peroxide, and derivatives and similar compounds or a mixture thereof. Long-chain organic hydrocarbon compounds can include various saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, amines, fatty alcohols, and solid peroxides such as stearic acid, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, lecithin, hydrogenated tallow amine, benzoyl peroxide, derivatives, and similar compounds or a mixture thereof.

[0022] Coating Application Method: The method of applying a coating of organic hydrocarbon compounds onto organometallic powder or tablets in the present invention, according to drawing number 1 , involves the use of four methods. These are: spraying, immersion in a molten bath or solution, powder coating method, and extrusion of the compounds to produce coated powder or tablets from organometallic compounds.

[0023] The spraying method involves a spray gun or air or airless spray, into the reservoir of which the molten or dissolved organic hydrocarbon compounds are poured and sprayed onto the powder or tablets by air with a temperature between -30 and 300 degrees Celsius. The spray reservoir can be insulated or heated to keep the compounds molten. The tablets can be in a rotating and stirring state or stationary and brought to a temperature of -30 to 300 degrees Celsius, and after the coating is applied, a layer of organic hydrocarbon with a thickness of 0.01 microns to 1 millimeter is formed on the tablets.

[0024] The immersion process in a molten bath or solution involves a molten reservoir of organic hydrocarbon compounds at a temperature of -30 to 300 degrees Celsius. The organometallic compound in tablet or powder form is immersed in this molten material in a perforated basket and immediately cooled in air or water, thereby forming a layer with a thickness of 0.01 microns to 1 millimeter on the tablets.

[0025] In the powder coating method, a powder with a particle size between 0.01 microns and 1 millimeter is first prepared from the organic hydrocarbon compounds or the organometallic part and mixed together. During the mixing process, by gradually increasing the temperature and reaching the melting pointof one of the components of the mixture, the coating operation is performed with or without pressure. In this method, liquid organometallic compounds can be used, and upon reaching the melting point of the organic hydrocarbon compound, they are encapsulated in solid form and used as an additive to improve fuel.

[0026] In the method of applying organic hydrocarbon compounds to organometallic tablets or powders by extrusion, both groups of compounds are first poured into the extruder cylinder and extruded at a temperature of -30 to 300 degrees Celsius by the rotation of the screw, and then the product exits as granules to be pressed into tablets under pressure. In this method, liquid organometallic compounds can also be used to obtain a solid output.

[0027] Tablet Manufacturing Method: For the production of tablets in this experiment, the cold pressing method was used. The punch and die are made in the shape of a cylindrical tablet with dimensions of 5 mm height and 15 mm diameter, and under a constant pressure of two tons, the powdered compounds are converted into tablets with these dimensions.

[0028] Testing Methods: First Test: Paper Smearing Test: This test is designed to qualitatively evaluate the performance of the coating upon contact with an external object. In this method, the tablets resulting from the invention are placed on a white, unlined paper and dragged across the paper for a length of 5 centimeters with finger pressure. The amount and color of the residue left by the coated tablet on the paper are compared and benchmarked against an uncoated tablet.

[0029] Second Test: Sublimation Under Vacuum: This test is designed to measure the amount of sublimation of the coated powder or tablet compared to uncoated tablets. In this method, the coated tablet along with the uncoated tablet, after accurate weighing with a precision of 0.01 grams, are placed in a vacuum Erlenmeyer flask and then subjected to a vacuum of 10'4to 1 bar at a temperature of -30 to 300 degrees Celsius for one hour. The tablets are then weighed again, and the weight loss is reported as the percentage of tablet sublimation.Advantageous Effects of Invention

[0030] These powders and tablets can be used as additives in the fuel or oil of automobiles and other vehicles and heating devices. These tablets reduce exhaust smoke pollutants and provide better antiknock properties in vehicles, especially in those where a portion of the oil vapor is reused as fuel. Due to their solid composition, the present invention causes minimal changes to the standard components of the base fuel, including vapor pressure, solvents, etc. It also reduces the possibility of fraud in the distribution network, which is common with liquid additives, and makes the transportation and tracking of these compounds easier and safer. Furthermore, by preventing accidental contact of humans and the environment with these organometallic compounds due to the encapsulation and coating of the tablets, it prevents harm to human health and the environment before reaching the fuel tank. One gram of these tablets added to 40 liters of gasoline increases the octane number by at least two units at a concentration of approximately 20 ppm. In addition, such coatings are made of compounds that can clean the fuel delivery system while simultaneously increasing the octane number.Brief Description of DrawingsFig.1

[0031] [Fig.1] Process Flow Diagram of Applying a Coating of Organic Hydrocarbon Compounds onto Organometallic Powder or Tablets. The diagram illustrates the different methods used to apply a coating of organic hydrocarbon compounds to organometallic materials, which can be in the form of tablets, powder, or liquid.Examples

[0032] [Example. 1] Formulation and Coating of Tablets by Immersion in a Molten Bath

[0033] 1 gram of bis(cyclopentadienyl)ruthenium organometallic compound powder was compressed into cylindrical tablets with dimensions of 5 mm height and 15 mm diameter under a force of two tons, yielding 100 tablets. These tablets were transferred to a perforated basket. 1 kilogram of cetyl alcohol compound was melted in a heated molten bath reservoir at 60 degrees Celsius, and then the heating element was turned off, and another 1 kilogram of solid cetyl alcohol was added. The heater was turned off, and the temperature of the molten bathstabilized at 52 degrees Celsius. The basket of tablets was immersed in this molten liquid, quickly removed, and submerged in a cold water tank. The tablets were labeled Ru-P01 for paper smearing and vacuum sublimation tests.

[0034] [Example. 2] Formulation and Coating by Paraffin Wax-Based Spraying

[0035] 1 gram of iron(ll) cyclopentadienide organometallic compound powder was compressed into cylindrical tablets with dimensions of 5 mm height and 15 mm diameter under a force of two tons, yielding 100 tablets. These prepared tablets were transferred to a rotating cylinder, and while the tablets were rotating, 10 grams of paraffin wax were sprayed onto them through an air spray. The temperature of the tablets was maintained between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius, and the spray air temperature was set between 50 and 70 degrees Celsius. The tablets were labeled F-P02 for paper smearing and vacuum sublimation tests.

[0036] [Example. 3] Formulation and Coating by Powder Coating

[0037] 100 grams of dicyclopentadienylosmium powder were mixed with 10 grams of diphenylamine powder, and while stirring, the temperature of the mixture was raised to 60 degrees Celsius. After cooling, the powders were compressed under a force of two tons into 100 cylindrical tablets with dimensions of 5 mm height and 15 mm diameter and labeled Os-P03 for paper smearing and vacuum sublimation tests.

[0038] [Example. 4] Conversion of Liquid Compounds to Coated Solids by Extrusion

[0039] 100 grams of solid paraffin wax were mixed with 10 cc of methylcyclopentadienylmanganesetricarbonyl (MMT) in an extruder at ambient temperature and extruded into granules. The resulting granules were compressed under a force of two tons to produce 100 one-gram tablets with dimensions of 5 mm height and 15 mm diameter. The resulting tablets were labeled Mn-P04 for subsequent tests.

[0040] [Table. 1]Industrial Applicability

[0041] These powders and tablets can be used as additives in the fuel or oil of automobiles and other vehicles and heating equipment. These tablets are used to reduce exhaust smoke pollutants, decrease fuel consumption, provide better antiknock properties, eliminate knock, and increase engine life in vehicles, especially in devices where a portion of the oil vapor is returned to the combustion chamber as fuel. In addition, such coatings are made of compounds that can clean the fuel delivery system while simultaneously increasing the octane numbed

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on October 3rd, 2025 (03.10.2025)Claims

1. A formulation of fuel and oil additive in the form of powder or a coated tablet, comprising: (a) one or more organometallic compounds, selected from the group consisting of metallocenes and tricarbonyls (such as ferrocene, osmocene, MMT, or ruthenocene), in an amount of 0.5 to 99.5 percent by mass; and (b) one or more organic hydrocarbon compounds, selected from the group consisting of solid waxes, such as paraffin, stearic acid, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, diphenylamine, and benzoyl peroxide, in an amount of 0.5 to 99.5 percent by mass, forming a thin coating layer with a thickness of 0.01 microns to 1 millimeter on the powder or tablet; and wherein the coated tablet is specifically adapted to apply the hydrocarbon compound in minimal, fuel regulatory- compliant quantities, while simultaneously achieving a water contact exclusion and sublimation stability demonstrated by a weight loss reduction of at least compared to the uncoated tablet, when measured using the method of Claim 12.

2. The formulation according to claim 1 , wherein the organometallic compound(s) can comprise a central metal selected from the group consisting of manganese, zirconium, titanium, vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, hafnium, chromium, lithium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, iron, cobalt, nickel, and other transition metals, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, or combinations thereof, in an amount of 0.5 to 99.5 percent by mass.

3. The formulation according to claim 1 , wherein the organic hydrocarbon compound(s) with a melting point above 30 degrees Celsius can comprise linear, branched, aromatic or non-aromatic, short or long chain compounds, waxes, acids, amines or fatty alcohols, solid peroxides, or combinations thereof, and with a solubility higher than one percent by mass in fuel and in an amount of 0.01 to 50 percent by mass.

4. The formulation according to claim 3, wherein the long-chain linear organic hydrocarbon compound(s) can comprise various paraffin waxes, similar compounds, derivatives, or a mixture thereof.

5. The formulation according to claim 3, wherein the aromatic organic hydrocarbon compound(s) and solid peroxides can comprise naphthalene, diphenylamine, benzoyl peroxide, and derivatives and similar compounds or a mixture thereof.

6. The formulation according to claim 3, wherein the long- chain organic hydrocarbon compound(s) can comprise various saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, amines, fatty alcohols such as stearic acid, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, lecithin, hydrogenated tallow amine, derivatives, and similar compounds or a mixture thereof.

7. A process for producing fuel and oil additive in the form of powder or coated tablets, wherein the organic hydrocarbon compounds preferably solid waxes are applied onto the organometallic compounds through spraying, immersion in a molten bath or solution, extrusion, or powder coating method, forming a layer with a thickness of 0.01 microns to 1 millimeter on the powder or tablet; and wherein the use of these coating techniques, particularly spraying, is essential for applying the hydrocarbon compounds solid wax in minimal quantities necessary to remain compliant with fuel additive regulations and to prevent both sublimation and environmental damage from water wash-off, a result unachievable by the bulk mixing and compression methods disclosed in prior art.

8. The spraying process of organic hydrocarbon compounds according to claim 7, which can comprise an air or airless spray gun having a reservoir into which the molten or dissolved organic hydrocarbon compounds are poured and sprayed at a temperature of -30 to 300 degrees Celsius to create a coating of 0.01 microns to 1 millimeter on the powder or tablets.

9. A process according to Claim 7, wherein the organic hydrocarbon compound is applied through immersion in a molten bath, characterized by the following critical steps to ensure the integrity of the organometallic core:(a) The molten bath is temperature controlled at a temperature (T) such that T is between the melting point of the organic hydrocarbon compound (Tm) and Tm+20°C;(b) The tablets are immersed in the molten bath for a minimal duration sufficient only toapply the coating, and are then quickly removed; and(c) The tablets are immediately subjected to a rapid cooling process (quenching) upon removal, thereby solidifying the thin coating layer (0.01 microns to 1 millimeter) and preventing the dissolution of the organometallic component into the molten hydrocarbon compound.

10. The extrusion process of organic hydrocarbon compounds with organometallic compounds according to claim 7, which can comprise mixing the organometallic compounds together with the organic hydrocarbon compounds in solid or liquid form in an extruder at a temperature between -30 and 300 degrees Celsius and obtaining a solid output from the extruder for the production of tablets under pressure.

11. The powder coating process according to claim 7, which can comprise mixing the organometallic component with the organic hydrocarbon compounds in powder form and applying a temperature between -30 and 300 degrees Celsius to melt the components and mixing, stirring, and cooling them to prepare a uniform coated powder for the production of tablets under pressure.

12. A method for testing the sublimation stability of a fuel and oil additive in the form of powder or coated tablets, comprising: (a) accurately weighing the powder or coated tablets; (b) placing the powder or coated tablets in a vacuum environment; (c) applying a vacuum pressure from 104to 1 bar at a temperature -30 to 300 degrees Celsius for one hour; and (d) re-weighing the powder or coated tablets and reporting the weight loss as the percentage of tablet sublimation.