Method, device, and computer readable storage medium for communication based on sensing technology
By selecting appropriate modes for representing sensing information based on device capabilities, the method and apparatus address the integration challenges of sensing and communication systems, reducing complexity and enhancing performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/101913
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-04-08
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing communication systems face challenges in efficiently integrating sensing and communication functions due to limited resolution, dynamic environments, and the need to estimate numerous objects' electromagnetic properties and positions, leading to increased complexity and resource usage.
A method and apparatus that select appropriate modes for representing sensing information, such as geometric shapes or position types, based on device capabilities and conditions to reduce complexity and improve performance, including predefined modes and signaling overhead reduction.
Facilitates flexible and efficient processing of sensing information, reducing complexity and improving performance by selecting optimal modes for representation and communication, thereby enhancing the integration of sensing and communication functions.
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Figure CN2024101913_16102025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Method, Device, and Computer Readable Storage Medium for Communication based on Sensing Technology
[0001] CORSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0002] This application claims the benefit and priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 631,022 filed on April 8, 2024, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0003] Example implementations of the present disclosure relates generally to wireless communications. Particularly, it relates to method, device, and computer readable storage medium for communication based on sensing technology.BACKGROUND
[0004] User Equipment (UE) position information is often used in cellular communication networks to improve various performance metrics for the network. Such performance metrics may, for example, include capacity, agility, and efficiency. The improvement may be achieved when elements of the network exploit the position, the behavior, the mobility pattern, etc., of the UE in the context of a priori information describing a wireless environment in which the UE is operating.
[0005] A sensing system may be used to help gather UE pose information, including its location in a global coordinate system, its velocity and direction of movement in the global coordinate system, orientation information, and the information about the wireless environment. “Location” is also known as “position” and these two terms may be used interchangeably herein. Examples of well-known sensing systems include RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging) and LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) . While the sensing system can be separate from the communication system, it could be advantageous to gather the information using an integrated system, which reduces the hardware (and cost) in the system as well as the time, frequency, or spatial resources needed to achieve both functionalities. However, using the communication system hardware to perform sensing of UE pose and environment information is a highly challenging and open problem. The difficulty of the problem relates to factors such as the limited resolution of the communication system, the dynamicity of the environment, and the huge number of objects whose electromagnetic properties and position are to be estimated.
[0006] Accordingly, communication based on sensing technology (also known as integrated sensing and communication, integrated communication and sensing, joint sensing and communication, and other similar names) is a desirable feature in existing and future communication systems.SUMMARY
[0007] In general, example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for communication based on sensing technology.
[0008] The summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.
[0009] In a first aspect, there is provided a method. The method may be applied at a terminal side, for example, a terminal or a module in a terminal, a circuit or a chip (for example, a modem (modem) chip, also referred to as a baseband (baseband) chip, or a system on chip (system on chip, SoC) chip or a system in package (system in package, SIP) chip that includes a modem core) that is responsible for a communication function in a terminal. The method comprises: determining at least one mode in a first set of modes for representing sensing information, wherein the sensing information indicates a sensing target; and communicating the sensing information represented by the at least one mode. Because different devices may have different sensing distances or ranges, or have different physical conditions, or have different computing capabilities, utilizing the mode selection in sensing information representation may reduce the complexity at devices, and / or better improve the performance of subsequent sensing tasks.
[0010] In some implementations, each mode in the first set of modes is associated with one of the following: a geometric shape type for geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information, wherein one or more geometric shapes of the geometric shape type represents information about a surface or edge of the sensing target, or a position type for position-based representation of the sensing information.
[0011] Because different devices may have different sensing distances or ranges, or have different computing capabilities, or have different physical conditions (e.g. with some obstacles) etc., to process sensing information, the suitable descriptions of the sensing information may be different. For example, in some scenarios, the square-based representation is better, in some scenarios, line / line-segment based representation is better, and in some scenarios, position-based representation is better. In this case, mode selection can be used to flexibly select a representation of the sensing information, so as to further reduce the complexity at devices, and / or better improve the performance of subsequent tasks.
[0012] In some implementations, the geometric shape type comprises one of the following: square, circle, rectangle, polygon, line, line segment, cube, and sphere.
[0013] In some implementations, the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information further comprises an indication of the geometric shape type. With the indication of the geometric shape type, the processing of the sensing information at devices may be facilitated.
[0014] In some implementations, the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information further comprises the number of the one or more geometric shapes. With the number of the one or more geometric shapes, the processing of the sensing information at devices may be facilitated.
[0015] In some implementations, the position type comprises one of the following: a point position in a space comprising the sensing target, or the point position and size information about the sensing target.
[0016] In some implementations, the size information about the sensing target comprises one of the following: a radius size of the sensing target, or a ranging box of the sensing target.
[0017] In some implementations, the first set of modes is predefined. In this way, the signaling overhead may be reduced.
[0018] In some implementations, a second set of modes and / or the first set of modes are predefined, wherein the first set of modes is a subset of the second set of modes. In this way, the signaling overhead may be reduced.
[0019] In some implementations, determining the at least one mode comprises selecting, based on at least one of the following, the at least one mode from the first set of modes for representing the sensing information: computing capability of a first device or a second device, a geographical position of the first device or the second device, a first distance between the first device and the second device, or a second distance from the first device or the second device to the sensing target. In this way, it is flexible to select a representation of the sensing information, so as to further reduce the complexity at devices, and / or better improve the performance of subsequent tasks.
[0020] In some implementations, the method further comprises: transmitting a first indication indicating the at least one determined mode. With the first indication, the processing of the sensing information at devices may be facilitated.
[0021] In some implementations, the method further comprises receiving a second indication. The second indication indicates one of the following: whether the at least one determined mode is to be used for communicating the sensing information; or a subset of the at least one determined mode to be used for communicating the sensing information. In this way, the sensing information communicated between devices will only use one or more modes in the subset.
[0022] In some implementations, the second indication indicates the subset of the at least one determined mode by indicating one of the following: one or more enumerate values for one or more modes in the subset, or one or more indices for the one or more modes in the subset.
[0023] In some implementations, the method further comprises: receiving a third indication indicating the at least one mode. In such implementations, determining the at least one mode comprises: determining the at least one mode based on the third indication. In this way, the sensing information communicated between devices will use one or more modes indicated by the third indication.
[0024] In some implementations, the method is performed at a user equipment (UE) side. In such implementations, the method further comprises: receiving information about a second set of modes, wherein the first set of modes is a subset of the second set of modes. In this way, a network device may indicate the second set of modes to the UE.
[0025] In a second aspect, there is provided a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus is configured to perform the method of the first aspect.
[0026] In a third aspect, there is provided a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus has a function of implementing the first aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means (means) for performing operations in the first aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented by using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0027] In a fourth aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises one or more processors and a memory storing instructions. The instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform the method of the first aspect.
[0028] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a communication system. The communication system comprises a communication apparatus configured to perform the method of the first aspect.
[0029] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method of the first aspect.
[0030] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a computer program product storing instructions which, when executed, cause an apparatus to perform the method of the first aspect.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] Some example implementations will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0032] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a communication system in which some example implementations of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0033] FIG. 2 illustrates another example of a communication system in which some example implementations of the present disclosure may be implemented;
[0034] FIG. 3A illustrates an example of an apparatus wirelessly communicating with apparatus in a communication system in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure;
[0035] FIG. 3B illustrates an example of an apparatus in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure;
[0036] FIG. 3C illustrates an example of an apparatus in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure;
[0037] FIG. 4A illustrates an example of point cloud representation of sensing information indicating a sensing target;
[0038] FIG. 4B illustrates an example of mesh representation of sensing information indicating a sensing target;
[0039] FIG. 5 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating an example process for communication based on sensing technology in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure;
[0040] FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate examples of geometric shape-based representation of sensing information indicating a sensing target in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0041] FIG. 7 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating an example process for communication based on sensing technology in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure;
[0042] FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate a signaling chart illustrating an example process for communication based on sensing technology in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0043] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a method implemented at a device in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure; and
[0044] FIG. 11 illustrates a schematic diagram of a structure of an apparatus in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure.
[0045] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0046] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example implementations. It is to be understood that these implementations are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0047] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0048] References in the present disclosure to “one implementation” , “an implementation” , “an example implementation” , and the like indicate that the implementation described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every implementation includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same implementation. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an implementation, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other implementations whether or not explicitly described.
[0049] The present disclosure encompasses various implementations, including not only method implementations, but also other implementations such as apparatus implementations and implementations related to non-transitory computer readable storage media. Implementations may incorporate, individually or in combinations, the features disclosed herein.
[0050] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example implementations. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms. The words “first” , “second” , etc., when used before a same term (e.g., ED, or an operating step) does not mean an order or a sequence of the term. For example, the “first ED” and the “second ED” , means two different EDs without specially indicated, and similarly, the “first step” and the “second step” means two different operating steps without specially indicated, but does not mean the first step have to happen before the second step. The real order depends on the logic of the two steps.
[0051] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to be limiting of example implementations. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. The word “a” or “an” when used in conjunction with the term “comprising” or “including” in the claims and / or the specification may mean “one” , but it is also consistent with the meaning of “one or more” , “at least one” , and “one or more than one” unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. Similarly, the word “another” may mean at least a second or more unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
[0052] Note that the expression “at least one of A or B” , as used herein, is interchangeable with the expression “A and / or B”.It refers to a list in which you may select A or B or both A and B. Similarly, “at least one of A, B, or C” , as used herein, is interchangeable with “A and / or B and / or C” or “A, B, and / or C” . It refers to a list in which you may select: A or B or C, or both A and B, or both A and C, or both B and C, or all of A, B and C. The same principle applies for longer lists having a same format.
[0053] In the context of the present disclosure, the term “alocation” may be used interchangeably with “aposition” , and the term “integrated system of communication and sensing” describes a kind of sensing assisted communication system, and may be used interchangeably with “integrated communication and sensing” , “joint sensing and communication” , “integrated system” , “communication based on sensing technique” , “cooperative sensing and communication” or any other similar names.
[0054] It should be noted that the message in the disclosure could be replaced with information, which may be carried in one single message, or be carried in more than one separate message.
[0055] Without special noting, the terms “apparatus” and “device” are used exchangeable, and the terms “identity” and “identifier” are used exchangeable.
[0056] The terms “coupled” , “coupling” or “connected” as used herein may have several different meanings depending on the context in which these terms are used. For example, as used herein, the terms coupled, coupling, or connected may indicate that two elements or devices are directly connected to one another or connected to one another through one or more intermediate elements or devices via a mechanical element depending on the particular context.
[0057] When the functions are implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, the functions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solutions of this application essentially, or the part contributing to the prior art, or some of the technical solutions may be implemented in a form of a software product. The software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes several instructions for instructing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to perform all or some of the steps of the methods described in the implementations of this application. The foregoing storage medium includes: any medium that can store program code, such as a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) , a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) , a magnetic disk, or an optical disc.
[0058] The foregoing descriptions are merely specific implementations of this application, but are not intended to limit the protection scope of this application. Any variation or replacement readily figured out by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application shall fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
[0059] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a communication system 100 in which some example implementations of the present disclosure may be implemented. Referring to FIG. 1, as an illustrative example, a simplified schematic illustration of a communication system is provided. The communication system 100 may comprise a radio access network 120. The radio access network (RAN) 120 may be a future generation radio access network, or a legacy (e.g. 5th generation (5G) , 4th generation (4G) , 3th generation (3G) or 2nd generation (2G) ) radio access network. In some implementations, radio access refers to a future generation air interface of standards which may comprise both terrestrial networks (TNs) and non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) , and more details will be described below. One or more communication electronic device (ED) 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, 110f, 110g, 110h, 110i, 110j (generically referred to as 110) may be interconnected to one another or connected to one or more network nodes 170a, 170b (generically referred to as 170) in the RAN 120. A core network (CN) 130 may be a part of the communication system and may be dependent or independent of the radio access technology used in the communication system 100. The communication system 100 may also comprise a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the internet 150, and other networks 160.
[0060] In general, the communication system 100 enables communication of multiple wireless or wired elements. The communication system 100 may provide content, such as voice, data, video, and / or text, via broadcast, multicast, groupcast, unicast, etc. The communication system 100 may operate by sharing resources, such as carrier spectrum bandwidth, among its constituent elements.
[0061] The communication system 100 may provide a wide range of communication services and applications including enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) services, ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) services, massive machine type communication (mMTC) services, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) , immersive communication, massive communication, Hyper reliable and low-latency communication, ubiquitous connectivity, integrated AI and communication, and other services that can be provided by a future generation communication system. The communication system 100 may provide other services and applications such as earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.
[0062] The communication system 100 may include a terrestrial communication system (or network) and / or a non-terrestrial communication system (or network) . The communication system 100 may provide a high degree of availability and robustness through a joint operation of a terrestrial communication system and a non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or components thereof) into a terrestrial communication system can result in a heterogeneous network comprising multiple layers. The heterogeneous network may achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible functionality sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial networks. The terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system could be considered sub-systems of the communication system 100.
[0063] FIG. 2 illustrates another example for communication system 100. As described earlier, the communication system 100 may include ED 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d (generically referred to as ED 110) , RAN 120a, 120b, and one or more of a CN 130, a PSTN 140, the internet 150, and other networks 160. In addition, the communication system 100 may also include a non-terrestrial network (NTN) 120c. The RANs 120a, 120b may include respective network nodes 170a, 170b such as base stations 170a, 170b, which may be generically referred to as terrestrial network (TN) devices or terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRPs) 170a, 170b (generically referred to as 170) . As referred to herein, the terms “TRP” and “base station” may be used interchangeably unless explicitly noted otherwise in a given example or section. For brevity, this disclosure may primarily refer to base station; however, absent an explicit limitation, references to TRP are merely non-limiting instances of interchangeable use. The T-TRPs 170a, 170b may be base stations mounted on a building or tower. In one implementation, the NTN 120c includes a RAN node such as base station 172, which may be generically referred to as an NTN device, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, or a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.
[0064] In some implementations, the NT-TRP 172 is not attached to the ground, for example, in the case of an airborne base station. An airborne base station may be implemented using communication equipment supported or carried by a flying device. For example, a flying device may include an airborne platform (e.g. a blimp or an airship) , balloon, drone (e.g. quadcopter) , and other types aerial vehicles. In some implementations, an airborne base station may be supported or carried by an unmanned aerial system (UAS) or an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , such as a drone. An airborne base station may be a moveable or mobile base station that can be flexibly deployed in different locations to meet network demand. A satellite base station is another example of a non-terrestrial base station. A satellite base station may be implemented using communication equipment supported or carried by a satellite. A satellite base station may also be referred to as an orbiting base station. High altitude platforms is yet another example of a non-terrestrial base station, including international mobile telecommunication base stations.
[0065] As referred to herein, and unless specified otherwise, a “TRP” may also refer to a T-TRP or a NT-TRP, a “T-TRP” may also refer to a “TN TRP” , and a “NT-TRP” may also refer to a “NTN TRP” . The NTN 120c may be considered to be a radio access network (RAN) , with operational aspects in common with the RANs 120a, 120b. The NTN 120c may include at least one NTN device and at least one corresponding terrestrial network device, the at least one NTN device may function as a transport layer device and the at least one corresponding terrestrial network device may function as a RAN node, which communicates with the ED 110 via the non-terrestrial network device. In addition, there may be a NTN gateway in the ground (i.e., referred as a terrestrial network device) also function as a transport layer device to communicate with both the NTN device and the RAN node. The RAN node may communicate with the ED 110 via the NTN device and the NTN gateway. In some implementations, the NTN gateway and the RAN node may be located in the same device.
[0066] A base station (also referred to TRP as stated above) 170 may be a network element in radio access network responsible for radio transmission and reception in one or more cells to or from the user equipment. Base station 170 may be known by other names in some implementations, such as a base transceiver station (BTS) , a radio base station, a network node, a network device, a device on the network side, a transmit / receive node, a Node B, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a Home eNodeB, a next Generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission point (TP) , a site controller, an access point (AP) , a wireless router, a relay station, a terrestrial node, a terrestrial network device, a terrestrial base station, a positioning node, among other possibilities. The base station 170 may be a macro base station (BS) , a pico BS, a relay node, a donor node, or the like, or combinations thereof. When a base station 170 performs (or is configured to perform) a method described herein, it may be interpreted as the base station, one or more modules (or units) in the base station, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof, may perform the method. For example, the circuit or chip may include a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, a system on chip (SoC) including a modem core, system in package (SIP) ) , and the like, and may be responsible for one or more communication functions in the base station.
[0067] The EDs 110a-110d and TRPs 170a-170b, 172 are examples of communication equipment that can be configured to implement some or all of the operations and / or embodiments described herein. The T-TRP 170a forms part of the RAN 120a, which may include other TRPs, and / or other devices. Also, the TRP 170b forms part of the RAN 120b, which may include other TRPs, and / or devices. Each TRP 170a, 170b may transmit and / or receive wireless signals within a particular geographic region or area, sometimes referred to as a “cell” or “coverage area” . The TRPs 170a-170b may be responsible for allocating and / or configuring resources and transmission and / or reception in a set of cells. A cell may be a Radio network object that can be uniquely identified from a (cell) identification that is broadcasted over a geographical region or area from base stations associated with the cell. A Cell can be either FDD or TDD mode. A cell may also refer to the carrier frequencies within the DL / UL carrier bandwidth resources of a single standalone carrier or a component carrier in a carrier aggregation mode. A cell may be further divided into cell sectors, and a base station 170a-170b may, for example, employ multiple transceivers to provide service to multiple sectors. In some implementations, there may be established pico or femto cells where the radio access technology supports such. In some implementations, multiple transceivers could be used for each cell, for example using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology. The number of RAN 120a-120b shown is exemplary only. Any number of RAN may be contemplated when devising the communication system 100.
[0068] Any base station may be a single element, as shown, or multiple elements, distributed in the corresponding RAN, or otherwise. In some implementations, a plurality of RAN nodes coordinate to assist the ED 110 in implementing radio access, and different RAN nodes separately implement different functions of the base station. For example, the RAN node may be a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a CU-control plane (CP) , a CU-user plane (UP) , or a radio unit (RU) etc. The CU and the DU may be separately deployed, or may be included in a same element (i.e., a baseband unit (BBU) ) . The RU may be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit (i.e., a remote radio unit (RRU) , an active antenna unit (AAU) , or a remote radio head (RRH) ) . In different systems, the CU (or the CU-CP and the CU-UP) , the DU, or the RU may also have different names, but a person skilled in the art may understand meanings thereof. For example, in an open radio access network (ORAN) system, a CU may also be referred to as an open CU (O-CU) , a DU may also be referred to as an open DU (O-DU) , and a CU-CP may also be referred to as an open CU-CP (O-CU-CP) . The CU-UP may also be referred to as an open CU-UP (O-CU-UP) , and the RU may also be referred to as an open RU (O-RU) . Any one of the CU (or the CU-CP, the CU-UP) , the DU, and the RU may be implemented by using a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.
[0069] Further, communication (s) between different devices / apparatuses in various embodiments of this application may refer to direct communication between different devices / apparatuses (that is, no forwarding is required by another device / apparatuses) , or may refer to communication (s) between different devices / apparatuses via another device / apparatus (that is, forwarding is required by another device / apparatus) . Alternatively, it may refer to that a functional unit inside the device / apparatus uses another functional unit in the device / apparatus to communicate with another device / apparatus. In other words, "sending (or transmitting) information to... (an ED or a base station) " in this application may be understood as that a destination endpoint of the information is an ED or a base station. It may include sending / transmitting information directly or indirectly to an ED or a base station. Similarly, "receiving information from... (an ED or a base station) " may be understood as that a source endpoint of the information is an ED or a base station, and may include directly or indirectly receiving information from an ED or a base station. Necessary processing such as format conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, amplification, and filtering may be performed on the information between the source endpoint that sends the information and the destination endpoint. However, the destination endpoint may understand valid information from the source endpoint. Similar descriptions in this application may be understood similarly. Details are not described herein again. In the present disclosure, the terms "send" and "transmit" may be used interchangeably in embodiments of this application.
[0070] The ED 110 is used to connect persons, objects, machines, etc. The ED 110 may be widely used in various scenarios including, for example, cellular communications, device-to-device (D2D) , vehicle to everything (V2X) , peer-to-peer (P2P) , machine-to-machine (M2M) , MTC, internet of things (IoT) , virtual reality (VR) , augmented reality (AR) , mixed reality (MR) , metaverse, digital twin, industrial control, self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.
[0071] Each ED 110 represents any suitable end user device for wireless operation and may include such devices (or may be referred to but not limited to) as a user equipment (UE) or a user device or a terminal device, a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) , a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a cellular telephone, a station (STA) , a MTC device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a smartphone, a laptop, a computer, a tablet, a wireless sensor, a consumer electronics device, a smart book, a vehicle, a car, a truck, a bus, a train, or an IoT device, wearable devices (such as a watch, a pair of glasses, head mounted equipment, etc. ) , an industrial device, or an apparatus in (e.g. module, modem, or chip) or comprising the forgoing devices, among other possibilities. Future generation EDs 110 may be referred to using other terms. When an ED 110 performs (or is configured to perform) a method described herein, it may be interpreted as the ED, one or more module (or units) in the ED, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof, may perform the method. For example, the circuit or chip may include a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, a system on chip (SoC) including a modem core, or system in package (SIP) ) , and the like, and may be responsible for one or more communication functions in the ED.
[0072] Each ED 110 connected to TRPs 170a-170b, and / or TRPs 172 can be dynamically or semi-statically turned-on (i.e., established, activated, or enabled) , turned-off (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled) and / or configured in response to one of more of: connection availability and connection necessity.
[0073] Any ED 110 may be alternatively or additionally configured to interface, access, or communicate with any TRPs 170a, 170b and 172, the Internet 150, the CN 130, the PSTN 140, the other networks 160, or any combination of the preceding. In some examples, ED 110a may communicate an uplink (UL) and / or downlink (DL) transmission over a terrestrial air interface 190a with station-TRP 170a. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d may also communicate directly with one another via one or more sidelink (SL) air interfaces 190b. In some examples, ED 110d may communicate an UL and / or DL transmission over a non-terrestrial air interface 190c with NT-TRP 172.
[0074] An air interface (e.g., 190a, 190b, 190c) generally includes a number of components and associated parameters that collectively specify how a transmission is to be sent and / or received over a wireless communications link between two or more communicating devices such as ED and base station. For example, an air interface may include one or more components defining the waveform (s) , frame structure (s) , multiple access scheme (s) , protocol (s) , coding scheme (s) and / or modulation scheme (s) for conveying information (e.g., data) over a wireless communications link. The air interfaces 190a and 190b may use similar communication technology, such as any suitable radio access technology.
[0075] The non-terrestrial air interface 190c can enable communication between the ED 110d and one or multiple NT-TRPs 172 via a wireless link or simply a link. For some examples, the link is a dedicated connection for unicast transmission, a connection for broadcast transmission, or a connection between a group of EDs 110 and one or multiple NT-TRPs 172 for multicast transmission.
[0076] The TRPs 170a-170b, 172 may communicate with one another over one or more air interfaces 190e, 190f using wireless communication links (e.g., radio frequency (RF) , microwave, infrared (IR) , etc. ) or wired communication links. The air interfaces 190e, 190f may utilize any suitable radio access technology, and may be substantially similar to the air interfaces 190a, 190c over which the EDs 110a-110d communicate with one or more of the TRP 170a-170b, 172 or they may be substantially different. For example, the communication system 100 may implement one or more channel access methods, such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) , or single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA)
[0077] The RANs 120a and 120b are in communication with the CN 130 to provide the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c with various services such as voice, data, and other services. The RANs 120a and 120b and / or the CN 130 may be in direct or indirect communication with one or more other RANs (not shown) , which may or may not be directly served by CN 130, and may or may not employ the same radio access technology as RAN 120a, RAN 120b or both. The CN 130 may also serve as a gateway access between (i) the RANs 120a and 120b or EDs 110a 110b, and 110c or both, and (ii) other networks (such as the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and the other networks 160) . In addition, some or all of the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may include functionality for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. Instead of wireless communication (or in addition thereto) , the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may communicate via wired communication channels to a service provider or switch (not shown) , and to the Internet 150. PSTN 140 may include circuit switched telephone networks for providing plain old telephone service (POTS) . Internet 150 may include a network of computers and subnets (intranets) or both, and incorporate protocols, such as internet protocol (IP) , transmission control protocol (TCP) , user datagram protocol (UDP) . EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operation according to multiple radio access technologies, and incorporate multiple transceivers necessary to support such.
[0078] In addition, the communication system 100 may comprise a sensing agent (not shown) to manage the sensed data from ED 110 and / or any one of TRPs 170 a-170b, 172. In one implementation, the sensing agent may be part of any one of TRPs 170 a-b, 172. In another implementation, the sensing agent is a separate node that can communicate with the CN 130 and / or the RAN 120 (e.g., any one of TRPs 170 a-b, 172) .
[0079] FIG. 3A illustrates an example of an apparatus 310 wirelessly communicating with apparatus 320 in a communication system (e.g., the communication system 100) . The apparatus 310 may be an electronic device (e.g. ED 110) . The apparatus 320 may be a network node (e.g. network node 170) such as T-TRP 170 or a NT-TRP 172. Although there is only one apparatus 310, and one apparatus 320 shown in the figure, the number of apparatus 310 and / or 320 could be one or more. For example, one ED 110 may be served by only one T-TRP 170 (or one NT-TRP 172) , by more than one T-TRP 170 (or more than one NT-TRP 172) . One ED 110 may be served by one or more T-TRP 170 and one or more NT-TRP172. Similarly, one T-TRP 170 (or one NT-TRP172) may serve one or more ED 110.
[0080] Apparatus 310 includes at least one processor 210. Only one processor 210 is illustrated to avoid congestion in the drawing. The apparatus 310 may further include a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. Only one antenna 204 is illustrated to avoid congestion in the drawing. One, some, or all of the antennas 204 may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated, e.g. as a transceiver. The transceiver is configured to modulate data or other content for transmission by at least one antenna 204 or network interface controller (NIC) . The transceiver is also configured to demodulate data or other content received by the at least one antenna 204. Each transceiver includes any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or processing signals received wirelessly or by wire. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals. The apparatus 310 may include at least one memory 208. Only the transmitter 201, receiver 203, processor 210, memory 208, and antenna 204 is illustrated for simplicity, but the apparatus 310 may include one or more other components. In present disclosure, the transceiver (or transmitter 201 and / or receiver203) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
[0081] The memory 208 stores instructions used to perform operations described herein. The memory 208 may also stores data used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 310. For example, the memory 208 could store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionality and / or embodiments described herein and that are executed by one or more processor 210.
[0082] The apparatus 310 may further include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces. The input / output devices or interfaces permit interaction with a user or other devices in the network. Each input / output device or interface includes any suitable structure for providing information to or receiving information from a user, and / or for network interface communications. Suitable structures include, for example, a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, touch screen, etc.
[0083] The processor 210 may perform (or control the apparatus 310 to perform) operations (or methods) described herein as being performed by the apparatus 310. For example, the processor 210 performs or controls the apparatus 310 to perform receiving transport blocks (TBs) , using a resource for decoding of one of the received TBs, releasing the resource for decoding of another of the received TBs, and / or receiving configuration information configuring a resource. In detail, the operation may include those operations related to preparing a transmission for UL transmission to the apparatus 320; those operations related to processing DL transmissions received from the apparatus 320; and those operations related to processing SL transmission to and from another apparatus 310. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for UL transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulating, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing DL transmissions may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating and decoding received symbols. Processing operations related to processing SL transmissions may include operations such as transmit / receive beamforming, modulating / demodulating and encoding / decoding symbols. Depending upon the embodiment, a DL transmission may be received by the receiver 203, possibly using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the DL transmission (e.g. by detecting and / or decoding the signaling) . An example of signaling may be a reference signal transmitted by the apparatus 320. In some implementations, the processor 210 implements the transmit beamforming and / or the receive beamforming based on the indication of beam direction, e.g. beam angle information (BAI) , received from the apparatus 320. In some implementations, the processor 210 may perform operations relating to network access (e.g. initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as operations relating to detecting a synchronization sequence, decoding and obtaining the system information, etc. In some implementations, the processor 210 may perform channel estimation, e.g. using a reference signal received from the apparatus 320.
[0084] Although not illustrated, the processor 210 may form part of the transmitter 201 and / or part of the receiver 203. Although not illustrated, the memory 208 may form part of the processor 210.
[0085] The processor 210, the processing components of the transmitter 201, and the processing components of the receiver 203 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory (e.g. in the memory 208) .
[0086] The apparatus 320 includes one or more processors 260 (only one processor 260 is illustrated to in the figure) . The apparatus 320 may further include at least one transmitter 252 and at least one receiver 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only one antenna 256 is illustrated to avoid congestion in the drawing. One, some, or all of the antennas 256 may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated as a transceiver. The apparatus 320 may further include at least one memory 258. The apparatus 320 may further include scheduler 253. Only the transmitter 252, receiver 254, processor 260, memory 258, antenna 256 and scheduler 253 are illustrated for simplicity, but the apparatus 320 may include one or more other components. In present disclosure, the transceiver (or transmitter 252 and / or receiver254) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
[0087] In some implementations, the parts of the apparatus 320 may be distributed. For example, some of the modules of the apparatus 320 may be located remote from the equipment that houses the antennas 256 for the apparatus 320 (thereby also can be viewed as one of more nodes) , and may be coupled to the equipment that houses the antennas 256 over a communication link (not shown) sometimes known as front haul, such as common public radio interface (CPRI) . Therefore, in some implementations, the term apparatus 320 may also refer to nodes on the network side that perform processing operations, such as determining the location of the apparatus 310, resource allocation (scheduling) , message generation, and encoding / decoding, and that are not necessarily part of the equipment that houses the antennas 256 of the apparatus 320. The nodes may also be coupled to other apparatus 320s. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may actually be a plurality of nodes that are operating together to serve the apparatus 310, e.g. through the use of coordinated multipoint transmissions, or the use of ORAN system as described above in the application.
[0088] The processor 260 performs operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for DL transmission to the apparatus 310, processing an UL transmission received from the apparatus 310, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to another apparatus 320, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from another apparatus 320. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for DL or backhaul transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulating, precoding (e.g. multiple input multiple output (MIMO) precoding) , transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the UL or over backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating received symbols, and decoding received symbols. The processor 260 may also perform operations relating to network access (e.g. initial access) and / or DL synchronization, such as generating the content of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) , generating the system information, etc. In some implementations, the processor 260 also generates an indication of beam direction, e.g. BAI, which may be scheduled for transmission by a scheduler 253 which will be described below. In some implementations, the processor 276 implements the transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on beam direction information (e.g. BAI) received from another apparatus 320. The processor 260 performs other network side processing operations described herein, such as determining the location of the apparatus 310, determining where to deploy another apparatus 320, etc. In some implementations, the processor 260 may generate signaling, e.g. to configure one or more parameters of the apparatus 310 and / or one or more parameters of another apparatus 320. Any signaling generated by the processor 260 is sent by the transmitter 252. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 implements physical layer processing. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may implement higher layer functions such as functions at the medium access control (MAC) or radio link control (RLC) layer in addition to physical layer processing. The apparatus 320 may further comprise scheduler 253 coupled to the processor 260 or integrated in the processor 260. The scheduler 253 may be included within or operated separately from the apparatus 320a. The scheduler 253 may schedule UL, DL, SL, and / or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and / or configuring scheduling-free (e.g., “configured grant” ) resources.
[0089] The apparatus 320 may further includes a memory 258 storing instructions used to perform operations described herein. The memory 258 may also stores data used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 320a. For example, the memory 258 could store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionality and / or embodiments described herein and that are executed by the processor 260.
[0090] Although not illustrated, the processor 260 may form part of the transmitter 252 and / or part of the receiver 254. Also, although not illustrated, the processor 260 may implement the scheduler 253. Although not illustrated, the memory 258 may form part of the processor 260.
[0091] The processor 260, the scheduler 253, the processing components of the transmitter 252, and the processing components of the receiver 254 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, e.g. in the memory 258.
[0092] The apparatus 320 and / or the apparatus 310 may include other components, but these have been omitted for the sake of clarity.
[0093] Note that “signaling” , as used herein, may alternatively be called control signaling, control message, control information, or message for simplicity. Signaling between a base station (e.g., the TRP 170a-b, 172) and a UE or sensing device (e.g., ED 110) , or signaling between a different UE or sensing device (e.g., between ED 110a and ED110b) may be carried in physical layer signaling (also called as dynamic signaling) , which is transmitted in a physical layer control channel. For DL, the physical layer signaling may be known as downlink control information (DCI) which is transmitted in a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) . For UL, the physical layer signaling may be known as uplink control information (UCI) which is transmitted in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) . For SL, signaling between different UEs or sensing devices (e.g., between ED 110a and ED110b) may be known as SL control information (SCI) which is transmitted in a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) . Signaling may be carried in a higher layer (e.g., higher than physical layer) signaling, which is transmitted in a physical layer data channel, e.g. in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for downlink signaling, in a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) for uplink signaling, and in a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) for SL signaling. Higher layer signaling may also be called static signaling, or semi-static signaling. Higherlayer signaling may be radio resource control (RRC) protocol signaling or media access control -control element (MAC-CE) signaling. Signaling may be included in a combination of physical layer signaling and higher layer signaling.
[0094] It should be noted that in present application, “information” , when different from “message” , may be carried in one single message, or be carried in more than one separate message.
[0095] FIG. 3B illustrates an example of an apparatus 330. The apparatus 330 may be a communication device or an apparatus implemented in a communication device such as ED 110 or TRPs 170a-170b, 172. For example, the apparatus implemented in a communication device may be an integrated circuit, which in some contexts may be known by other colloquial names, such as chip, modem, modem chip, baseband chip, or baseband processor. In some implementations, one or more integrated circuits can be packaged into a system-on-chip, a system-in-package, or a multi-chip module. The apparatus may comprise one or more integrated circuits or comprise one or more integrated circuits and other discrete components. In some implementations, the apparatus 330 may be a module in ED 110, or apparatus 310. In some implementations, the apparatus 330 may be a module in one of TRPs 170a-170b, 172, or apparatus 320.
[0096] In an example, the apparatus 330 may include one or more processors / processor cores 331, and an interface circuit 332. The apparatus 330 may further include a memory 413. The one or more processors / processor cores 331 are configured to process signals and execute one or more communication protocols. The memory 413 is configured to store at least a part of corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. In an example, the one or more processors (or processor cores) 331 execute the computer program instructions stored in the memory 413 to implement related operations (for example, inputting, outputting, receiving, and transmitting) in the foregoing method embodiments. In some implementations, the memory 413 being configured to store the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that the memory 413 is configured to store all of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data for execution by the one or more processors / processor cores 331. In some implementations, the memory 413 being configured to store the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that the memory 413 is configured to store a part of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. For example, the part of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data include computer program instructions and / or data that need to be currently executed by the one or more processors / processor cores 331. Thus, the memory 413 may store different parts of computer program instructions and / or data for a plurality times for the one or more processors (or processor cores) 331 to perform related operations in the foregoing method embodiments. As a communication interface, the interface circuit 332 is configured to implement communication with another component. For example, the interface circuit 332 may communicate a signal with other apparatus / system such as a radio frequency processing apparatus, or processor system. Optionally, to reduce a load of the processor core, a baseband signal processing circuit 334 may be also disposed to implement processing of at least a part of baseband signals, including signal demodulation, modulation, encoding, decoding, or the like.
[0097] Apparatus 330 may be processor 210 (or 260) in apparatus 310 (or 320) , in some scenario, or included in processor 210 (or 260) in apparatus 310 (or 320) in some scenario. apparatus 330 may be or include a baseband chip. In some implementations, the apparatus 330 may be independently packaged into a chip. In some implementations, the apparatus 310 (or 320) includes different types of chips. The apparatus 330 may be packaged into a processor chip (for example, a SoC chip or an SIP chip) with the different types of chips. In some implementations, the apparatus 330 may be packaged into a chip with some or all of circuits of a radio frequency processing system that may further included in the apparatus 310 (or 320) .
[0098] FIG. 3C illustrates example of apparatus 340. Apparatus 340 may include corresponding modules or units configured to implement methods and / or embodiments described herein. In some implementations, the apparatus 340 includes a processing unit 342 and a communication unit 343. Optionally, the apparatus 340 may further include a storage unit 341 configured to store apparatus program code (or instructions) and / or data.
[0099] The apparatus 340 may be an ED side apparatus, for example, an ED or a module in an ED, or a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function in an ED. In some implementations, apparatus 340 may be implemenated as apparatus 310, accordingly, the processing unit 342 is implemented as processor 210, the communication unit 343 is implemented as transmitter 201 and / or receiver 203, and the storage unit 341 is implementated as memory 208.
[0100] The apparatus 340 may be a base station side apparatus, for example, a base station or a module in a base station, or a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function in a base station. In some implementations, apparatus 340 may be implemenated as apparatus 320, accordingly, the processing unit 342 is implemented as processor 260 (the scheduler 253 may also be included) , the communication unit 343 is implemented as transmitter 252 and / or receiver 254, and the storage unit 341 is implementated as memeory 258.
[0101] In some implementations, when the apparatus 340 is an ED 110 or a module in an ED 110, a function of the apparatus 340 may be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor may include a modem chip, or a system on chip SoC chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem core. A function of the communication unit 343 may be implemented by a transceiver circuit.
[0102] In some implementations, when the apparatus 340 is a circuit or a chip that is responsible for a communication function in a ED 110, for example, a modem chip, a system on chip SoC chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem core, a function of the processing unit 342 may be implemented by a circuit system that is in the chip and that includes one or more processors or processor cores. A function of the communication unit 343 may be implemented by an interface circuit or a data transceiver circuit on the foregoing chip.
[0103] It may be understood that division into the units in the foregoing apparatus is merely logical function division. Each function may correspond to one functional unit, or two or more functions may be integrated into one functional unit. In actual implementation, all or some of the units may be integrated into one physical entity, or may be distributed in different physical entities. In addition, the foregoing functional units may be implemented in a form of hardware, may be implemented in a form of software, or may be implemented in a form of a combination of hardware and software. Whether a function is performed in a form of hardware or software depends on particular applications and design constraint conditions of the technical solutions. A person skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each particular application, but it should not be considered that the implementation goes beyond the scope of this application.
[0104] In an example, a functional unit in any one of the foregoing apparatuses may be configured as one or more integrated circuits for implementing the foregoing methods, for example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (application-specific integrated circuits, ASICs) , one or more central processing units (central processing units, CPUs) , one or more microprocessors (microcontroller units, MCUs) , one or more digital signal processors (digital signal processors, DSP) , one or more field programmable gate arrays (field programmable gate arrays, FPGAs) , or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms.
[0105] In an example, the storage unit 341 may include a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable memory, and / or a register.
[0106] A processor, a processor system, a application processor, a baseband processor, a processor circuit, or a processor core may be collectively referred to as a processor. The processor may include one or a combination of a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU) , a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP) , a microprocessor (microprocessor unit, MPU) , a microcontroller (microcontroller unit, MCU) , a graphics processing unit (graphics processing unit, GPU) , a field programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) , an artificial intelligence processor (artificial intelligence processor, AI processor) , or a neural network processing unit (neural network processing unit, NPU) .
[0107] The memory may include one or more of the following storage media: a random access memory (random access memory, RAM) , a static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM) , a dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM) , a phase-change memory (phase-change memory, PCM) , a resistive random access memory (resistive RAM, ReRAM) , a magnetoresistive random access memory (magnetoresistive RAM, MRAM) , a ferroelectric random access memory (ferroelectric RAM, FRAM) , a cache (cache) , a register (register) , a read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM) , a flash memory (flash memory) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable programmable ROM, EPROM) , a hard disk (hard disk) , and the like. In an example, the computer program instructions used to execute the foregoing embodiments may be stored in a non-volatile memory, for example, at least a part of the memory 333 (for example, one or more of a ROM, a flash memory, an EPROM, or a hard disk) . When the terminal runs, a part or all of corresponding computer program instructions may be loaded to a memory that has a higher transmission speed with the processor, for example, at least a part of the memory 333 and / or the memory 333 (for example, one or more of a RAM, an SRAM, a DRAM, a PCM, a RERAM, an MRAM, a FRAM, a cache (cache) , or a register) , so that the processor executes the computer program instructions to perform the steps in the foregoing method embodiments.
[0108] In some scenarios of communication based on sensing technology, a device (or sensor, or UE) may sense the environment, and then perform a corresponding task based on sensing results. The task can be object detection, object tracking, obstacle avoidance, and so on. In some other scenarios of communication based on sensing technology, the device may perform environment reconstruction based on the sensing results, and then use the reconstructed environment to further assist in communications. The device may also report the sensing results (such as the detected object, or the reconstructed environment) to a central node (or sensor, or base station) for further processing. For example, because each device may sense / observe a same environment from different angles, the central node may fuse the sensing results of a plurality of devices into a complete / large environment map. The fused environment map can be used to perform tasks / applications such as environment reconstruction or digital twin. Furthermore, the central node may also send the fused environment map to another device to assist its communication tasks such as beamforming / beam tracking, MIMO parameter estimation and so on. By sensing fusion, the reconstructed environment is more complete and refined, which helps obtain better task execution results.
[0109] In the above scenarios, the exchanged sensing information about a sensing target, such as the detected object or sensed environment, needs to be described in a certain way. A very fine-grained description is good, but also causes relatively large computation overhead and large transmission overhead. Considering scenarios such as object detection, object tracking, obstacle avoidance and environment reconstruction to assist communication, a rough and general description for sensing information can meet the requirements of most tasks.
[0110] For a sensing task or a sensing application, a device may sense the environment, and then perform a corresponding task based on sensing results (e.g. the detected object, or the reconstructed environment, etc. ) . The sensing results can be sent to another device for further processing. Therefore, the exchanged sensing information needs to be described in a certain way.
[0111] The detected object may be represented as a point position in the space, with a coordinate (x, y, z) . Although such position-based representation is simple and has low transmission overheads, it cannot well describe the detected object or the environment information. For example, the contour information of the object or environment cannot be described.
[0112] The detected object or reconstructed environment may also be represented by point cloud. FIG. 4A illustrates an example of point cloud representation of sensing information indicating a sensing target. An example for two buildings is shown in FIG. 4A. A point cloud is a discrete set of data points in space. Each point position has a coordinate (x, y, z) .
[0113] The detected object or reconstructed environment can be also represented by mesh. FIG. 4B illustrates an example of mesh representation of sensing information indicating a sensing target. Mesh is a collection of vertices, edges and faces that defines the shape of an object. The faces usually comprise triangles (triangle mesh) , quadrilaterals (quads) , or other convex polygons. The mesh may also be referred to as a polygon, or a polygon mesh.
[0114] For both point cloud representation and mesh representation, they can provide detailed description of the object or environment. However, because they both represent the object based on points / vertices, the amount of bits for representation is relatively large, which brings large communication overhead in sensing fusion, sensing report, or other scenarios for sensing information exchange. For example, suppose 16 bit precision for the coordinate (x, y, z) of each point / vertex, the total bits for 100 points / vertices will be 100 x 3 x 16 = 4800 bits. Mesh representation will need additional bits for edge representations, i.e. the relationship between vertices.
[0115] To describe the detected object or reconstructed environment, a very fine-grained description is good, but also causes relatively large computation overhead and large transmission overhead. Considering for these scenarios, or similar scenarios, a rough and general description can meet the requirements of most tasks. In this case, geometric shape representation can be used to represent the sensing information, which can describe the object and environment in a simplified and effective way.
[0116] In view of the above, a method is provided in the present disclosure. In this method, a device determines at least one mode in a first set of modes for representing sensing information. The sensing information indicates a sensing target. In turn, the device communicates the sensing information represented by the at least one mode. With this method, because different devices may have different sensing distances or ranges, or have different physical conditions, or have different computing capabilities, mode selection can be utilized in sensing information representation so as to further reduce the complexity at devices, and / or better improve the performance of subsequent sensing tasks.
[0117] FIG. 5 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating an example process 500 for communication based on sensing technology in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. The process 500 may involve a first device 502 and a second device 504.
[0118] In some implementations, the first device 502 may be implemented as a UE, and the second device 504 may be implemented as a network node. For example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 1 or 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the base station 170a or 170b in FIG. 1. For another example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the T-TRP 170 in FIG. 2. For another example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the NT-TRP 172 in FIG. 2. For a further example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 1 or 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as a device or network function in the core network 130 in FIG. 1 or 2.
[0119] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as a UE respectively. For example, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as one of the EDs 110a, 110b, 110c and 110d in FIG. 1 or 2.
[0120] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as a network node respectively. For example, the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the base station 170a and the base station 170b in FIG. 1, respectively. For another example, the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the T-TRP 170a and the T-TRP 170b in FIG. 2, respectively. For a further example, the first device 502 may be implemented as one of the T-TRPs 170a and 170b in FIG. 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the NT-TRP 172 in FIG. 2.
[0121] In some implementations, the first device 502 may be implemented as a network node, and the second device 504 may be implemented as a UE.
[0122] In some implementations, the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the apparatus 310 and the apparatus 320 in FIG. 3A, respectively.
[0123] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the apparatus 330 in FIG. 3B.
[0124] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the apparatus 340 in FIG. 3C.
[0125] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may comprise a corresponding module, unit, or means (means) for performing operations in the process 500. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented by using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0126] As shown in FIG. 5, the first device 502 determines 510 at least one mode in a first set of modes for representing sensing information. The sensing information indicates a sensing target.
[0127] In the context of the present disclosure, the term “asensing target” may refer to an environment and / or object (s) within the environment. The term “environment” herein may be interchangeably used with “sensing environment” , and the term “object” herein may be interchangeably used with “sensing object” . Examples of the sensing target will be described with reference to FIGS. 6A, 6B, 4A and 4B later. The term “sensing information” may refer to information of the sensing target such as the sensing environment or object. The term “sensing information” herein may be interchangeably used with “sensing results” .
[0128] In some implementations, the first set of modes may be predefined.
[0129] Alternatively, in some implementations, the first set of modes may be a subset of a second set of modes. For example, at least one of the first set of modes and the second set of modes may be predefined. For another example, the first device 502 may receive information about the second set of modes from the second device 504. Such implementations will be described with reference to FIG. 9 later.
[0130] In turn, the first device 502 communicates 520, with the second device 504, the sensing information represented by the at least one mode. For example, the first device 502 may transmit, to the second device 504, the sensing information represented by the at least one mode. Alternatively, the first device 502 may receive, from the second device 504, the sensing information represented by the at least one mode.
[0131] In the process 500, because different devices may have different sensing distances or ranges, or have different physical conditions, or have different computing capabilities, utilizing the mode selection in sensing information representation may reduce the complexity at the first device 502 and the second device 504, and / or better improve the performance of subsequent sensing tasks. For example, examples of the sensing task may include environment monitoring, intrusion detection and so on.
[0132] In some implementations, each mode in the first set of modes may be associated with one of the following: a geometric shape type for geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information; or a position type for position-based representation of the sensing information.
[0133] The Geometric shape-based representation may provide a rough and general description of the sensing target, which can meet the requirements of most sensing tasks. The Geometric shape-based representation can be considered to be a good indication manner of the sensing information, which can describe the sensing target in a simplified and effective way. Based on such simplified representation, the computational complexity and power consumption at the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be reduced, and transmission overheads for sensing information communication may also be greatly reduced.
[0134] In some implementations, the sensing information can be included in an RRC signaling, MAC CE or physical (PHY) signaling. For example, the RRC signaling may comprise a downlink RRC signaling, an uplink RRC signaling or a sidelink RRC signaling.
[0135] In some implementations, in the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information, one or more geometric shapes represents information about a surface or edge of the sensing target.
[0136] In some implementations, the geometric shape type may comprise one of the following: a square, a rectangle, a polygon, a circle, a line, a line segment, a cube and a sphere.
[0137] Because different devices may have different sensing distances or ranges, or have different computing capabilities, or have different physical conditions (e.g. with some obstacles) etc., to process sensing information, the suitable descriptions of the sensing information may be different. For example, in some scenarios, the square-based representation is better, in some scenarios, line / line-segment based representation is better, and in some scenarios, position-based representation is better. In this case, mode selection can be used to flexibly select a representation of the sensing information, so as to further reduce the complexity at devices, and / or better improve the performance of subsequent tasks.
[0138] In some implementations, the base element of the geometric shape-based representation is geometric shape represented by S.
[0139] In some implementations, the first device 502 may determine a single mode in the first set of modes for representing the sensing information. In such implementations, there is a single geometric shape type for geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information. The geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information can be {S1, S2, …SN} , where N is the number of geometric shapes, and Sj is the j-th geometric shape, 1 ≤ j ≤ N.
[0140] FIG. 6A illustrates examples of geometric shape-based representation of sensing information indicating a sensing target 610 in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. For example, the sensing target 610 may be an object.
[0141] As shown in FIG. 6A, the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information indicating the sensing target 610 may comprise first representation 622 of the sensing information with three squares 620. That is, N=3 and Sj represents the geometric shape “square” .
[0142] Alternatively, the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information indicating the sensing target 610 may comprise second representation 632 of the sensing information with two circles 630. That is, N=2 and Sj represents the geometric shape “circle” .
[0143] Alternatively, the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information indicating the sensing target 610 may comprise third representation 645 of the sensing information with four line segments 640. That is, N=4 and Sj represents the geometric shape “line segment” .
[0144] FIG. 6B illustrates examples of geometric shape-based representation of sensing information indicating a sensing target 650 in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. For example, the sensing target 650 may be an environment.
[0145] As shown in FIG. 6B, the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information indicating the sensing target 650 may comprise fourth representation 662 of the sensing information with two cubes 660. That is, N=2 and Sj represents the geometric shape “cube” .
[0146] Alternatively, the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information indicating the sensing target 650 may comprise fifth representation 672 of the sensing information with two spheres 670. That is, N=2 and Sj represents the geometric shape “sphere” .
[0147] Although the representations 622, 632, 642, 662 and 672 are simple, we can still get the general outlines of the sensing targets 610 and 650, which is sufficient for many sensing tasks or related applications.
[0148] FIG. 4B illustrates an example of geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information indicating a sensing target. In the example of FIG. 4B, the sensing target may comprise two buildings, and the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information may comprise representation of the sensing information with a polygon. The polygon may also be referred to as a mesh, or a polygon mesh. Mesh is a collection of vertices, edges and faces that defines the shape of an object. The faces usually comprise triangles (triangle mesh) , quadrilaterals (quads) , or other convex polygons.
[0149] In some implementations, the first device 502 may determine multiple modes in the first set of modes for representing the sensing information. In such implementations, there are multiple geometric shape types for geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information. The geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information can be { {S11, S12, …S1N1} , {S21, S22, …S2N2} … {SK1, SK2, …SKNK} } , or { {T1, S11, S12, …S1N1} , {T2, S21, S22, …S2N2} … {TK, SK1, SK2, …SKNK} } , where K is the number of geometric shape types, Tk is the k-th geometric shape type, {Sk1, Sk2, …SkNk} are the geometric shapes with geometric shape type Tk, and Ski is the i-th geometric shape of geometric shape type Tk, 1 ≤ k ≤ K, 1 ≤ i ≤ Nk.
[0150] In some implementations, the geometric shape type Tk indicates the geometric shape type, including square, rectangle, polygon, circle, line / line segment, cube, sphere and so on. Tk can be represented by an enumerate value, i.e., one of {SQUARE, CIRCLE, RECTANGLE, POLYGON, LINE, CUBE, SPHERE, …} , or an index from a predefined or indicated table (illustrated in Table 1) . For example, if enumerate method is used, the geometric shape type SQUARE refers to geometric shape square. In another example, if Table 1 is used, geometric shape type 1 refers to geometric shape square.
[0151] Table 1: illustration for indexes of geometric shape types
[0152] In some implementations, one or more geometric shape types for each transmission may be fixed / known between the first device 502 and the second device 504. For example, one or more geometric shape types for each transmission may be pre-configured from the second device 504 to the first device 502 or previously indicated from the first device 502 to the second device 504. In such implementations, geometric shape type Tk need not be included in the representation of the sensing information.
[0153] In some implementations, optionally, the number of one or more geometric shapes, i.e., above N or N1, N2, …Nk, can also be included in the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information. Note that if the number of geometric shapes is fixed or configured / indicated previously before the sensing information indication, N or N1, N2, …Nk needed not be transmitted together.
[0154] In some implementations, for ease of reference to the geometric shapes, each geometric shape, Sj or Ski, may optionally be configured with a shape index, Ij or Iki, respectively.
[0155] In some implementations, there are several representations of above geometric shape Sj and Ski, depending on the geometric shape type. Some examples of the representations for above geometric shape Sj and Ski are given but not limited to the following examples.
[0156] For example, if the geometric shape is a circle, a representation of the geometric shape may comprise a center point v and radius r (e.g. in a two-dimension (2D) plane) , i.e. {v, r} .
[0157] For example, if the geometric shape is a circle, a representation of the geometric shape may comprise a center point v, radius r and normal vector n, i.e. {v, r, n} .
[0158] For example, if the geometric shape is a square, a representation of the geometric shape may comprise a center point v, side length e (e.g. in a 2D plane) , i.e. {v, e} .
[0159] For example, if the geometric shape is a square, a representation of the geometric shape may comprise a center point v, side length e and normal vector n, i.e. {v, e, n} .
[0160] For example, if the geometric shape is a square / rectangle, a representation of the geometric shape may comprise four points / vertices {v1, v2, v3, v4} .
[0161] For example, if the geometric shape is a square / rectangle, a representation of the geometric shape may comprise one vertex v, and two direction vectors d1 and d2, i.e. {v, d1, d2} .
[0162] For example, if the geometric shape is a polygon, a representation of the geometric shape may comprise a set of points / vertices {v1, v2, …vG} , where G is the number of points / vertices in this polygon. By connecting the points / vertices one by one, a polygon can be formed.
[0163] For example, if the geometric shape is a line segment, a representation of the geometric shape may comprise two points / vertices {v1, v2} .
[0164] For example, if the geometric shape is a line segment, a representation of the geometric shape may comprise one point / vertex and one direction vector {v, p} (the other point / vertex can be obtained by v+p) .
[0165] For example, if the geometric shape is a sphere, a representation of the geometric shape may comprise a center point v and radius r, i.e. {v, r} .
[0166] For example, if the geometric shape is a cube, a representation of the geometric shape may comprise eight points / vertices {v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8} .
[0167] In some implementations, for the above points / vertices and vectors, such as v, vi, di, n and p, they can be represented by 2D coordinate (x, y) or three-dimension (3D) coordinate (x, y, z) , and they can be global coordinates (geography coordinate system, the coordinate system of a cell, etc. ) or local coordinates (the coordinate system of the device, the coordinate system referring to a reference point, the coordinate system defined by a plane, etc. )
[0168] FIG. 7 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating an example process 700 for communication based on sensing technology in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. The process 700 may be considered as an example implementation of the process 500. The process 700 may involve the first device 502 and the second device 504 in FIG. 5.
[0169] In some implementations, the first device 502 may be implemented as a UE, and the second device 504 may be implemented as a network node. For example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 1 or 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the base station 170a or 170b in FIG. 1. For another example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the T-TRP 170 in FIG. 2. For another example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the NT-TRP 172 in FIG. 2. For a further example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 1 or 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as a device or network function in the core network 130 in FIG. 1 or 2.
[0170] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as a UE respectively. For example, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as one of the EDs 110a, 110b, 110c and 110d in FIG. 1 or 2.
[0171] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as a network node respectively. For example, the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the base station 170a and the base station 170b in FIG. 1, respectively. For another example, the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the T-TRP 170a and the T-TRP 170b in FIG. 2, respectively. For a further example, the first device 502 may be implemented as one of the T-TRPs 170a and 170b in FIG. 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the NT-TRP 172 in FIG. 2.
[0172] In some implementations, the first device 502 may be implemented as a network node, and the second device 504 may be implemented as a UE.
[0173] In some implementations, the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the apparatus 310 and the apparatus 320 in FIG. 3A, respectively.
[0174] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the apparatus 330 in FIG. 3B.
[0175] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the apparatus 330 in FIG. 3C.
[0176] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may comprise a corresponding module, unit, or means (means) for performing operations in the process 500. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented by using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0177] As shown in FIG. 7, the first device 502 determines 710 at least one mode in the first set of modes for representing the sensing information.
[0178] In some implementations, in order to determine the at least one mode, the first device 502 may select, based on at least one of the following, the at least one mode from the first set of modes for representing the sensing information: computing capability of the first device 502 or the second device 504, a geographical position of the first device 502 or the second device 504, a first distance between the first device 502 and the second device 504, or a second distance from the first device 502 or the second device 504 to the sensing target. Of course, the first device 502 may select the at least one mode from the first set of modes based on other criterion. The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0179] In turn, the first device 502 transmits 720 a first indication to the second device 504. The first indication indicates the at least one determined mode. For example, the at least one determined mode may be represented by {A1, A2, …AQ} , where Aq represents a determined mode, 1 ≤ Q, 1 ≤ q ≤ Q.
[0180] In some implementations, the at least one determined mode {A1, A2, …AQ} may be one or more modes that the first device 502 can support, or prefer to use, for representation of the sensing information. Each determined mode Aq can indicate a geometric shape type for geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information, or a position type for position-based representation of the sensing information. The geometric shape type can be square, rectangle, polygon, circle, line / line segment, cube or sphere, and the geometric shape-based representation are described previously.
[0181] In some implementations, the position type may comprise a point position in a space comprising the sensing target. The detected sensing target can be represented as a point position in the space, with a coordinate (x, y, z) . Although such position-based representation is simple and has low transmission overheads, it cannot well describe the detected object or the environment information. For example, the contour information of the object or environment cannot be described.
[0182] Alternatively, in some implementations, the position type may comprise the point position and size information about the sensing target. In such implementations, “point position and size information about the sensing target” is also referred to as “point position with a size” for brevity.
[0183] In some implementations, with a mode associated with the point position, the sensing information can be represented as a point position in the space (position-based representation) , e.g. with a 3D coordinate (x, y, z) or 2D coordinate (x, y) . This will be described with reference to FIG. 8 later.
[0184] In some implementations, with a mode associated with the point position with a size, the sensing information can be represented as a point position p in the space and has size information s, where the point position p can be a 2D or 3D coordinate and the size information s can be a radius size or a ranging box of the sensing target. For example, for the sensing target, p can denote a position of the sensing target, and s can denote a size of the sensing target.
[0185] In some implementations, based on the first indication, the sensing information communicated between the first device 502 and the second device 504 is based on the at least one determined mode, i.e., only represented by the at least one mode within {A1, A2, …AQ} .
[0186] In some implementations, the determined mode Aq can be represented by an enumerate value, i.e., one of {POINT, POINT_W_SIZE, SQUARE, CIRCLE, RECTANGLE, POLYGON, LINE, LINE SEGMENT, CUBE, SPHERE, …} , or an index from a predefined or indicated table as illustrated in Table 2. POINT stands for point position, and POINT_W_SIZE stands for point position with a size. The other modes such as SQUARE, CIRCLE, etc., indicate geometric shape types, as described previously.
[0187] Table 2: illustration for the definition of modes
[0188] For example, if enumerate method is used, the first indication including {SQUARE} means the first device 502 can only support or prefer to use one mode, i.e. geometric shape “square” , and then the sensing information communicated between the first device 502 and the second device 504 will include square-based representation. In another example, if Table 2 is used, the first indication including {1, 3, 4} means the first device 502 can support or prefer to use three modes, i.e. point position, square and circle, and then the sensing information communicated between the first device 502 and the second device 504 will include position-based representation, square-based representation and circle-based representation.
[0189] With the first selection, the first device 502 can not only indicate at least one mode for geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information, but also can indicate at least one mode for some other representations of the sensing information, such as position-based representation and so on.
[0190] In some implementations, the first indication can be included in a downlink RRC signaling, uplink RRC signaling, sidelink RRC signaling, MAC CE or PHY signaling. The first indication can be included in a broadcast, multi-cast or unicast message. For example, the first indication can be included in SSBs, in the system information (SIB) , in common or dedicated RRC signaling, in capability report, in UE-Assistance Information (UAI) , in control channel such as PUCCH, PDCCH, DCI or UCI and so on.
[0191] With continued reference to FIG. 7, after receiving the first indication, the second device 504 may optionally transmit 730 a second indication to the first device 502.
[0192] In some implementations, the second indication may indicate whether the at least one determined mode is to be used for communicating the sensing information. For example, the second indication may indicate just ACK / NACK information. If the second indication indicates ACK, all of the at least one determined mode {A1, A2, …AQ} are to be used for subsequent communication of the sensing information between the first device 502 and the second device 504.
[0193] Alternatively, in some implementations, the second indication may indicate a subset of the at least one determined mode {A1, A2, …AQ} . For example, the subset may be represented by {A’1, A’2, …A’Q’} , where 1 ≤ Q’ ≤ Q. The subset {A’1, A’2, …A’Q’} is to be used for communicating the sensing information. Each A’q’ represent one mode in the at least one determined mode {A1, A2, …AQ} , where 1 ≤ q’ ≤ Q’ . In such implementations, the sensing information communicated between the first device 502 and the second device 504 will only use partial modes in the first indication sent by the first device 502, and the partial modes are indicated by {A’1, A’2, …A’Q’} .
[0194] In some implementations, in order to represent A’q’, the same enumeration or table representation described previously can be used. Alternatively, A’q’ can refer to an index within the at least one determined mode {A1, A2, …AQ} . For example, if the second indication indicates {1, 2} , it means that the first mode and the second mode from {A1, A2, …AQ} will be selected, i.e. the modes to be used for communication of the sensing information will be {A1, A2} .
[0195] In some implementations, the second indication can be included in a downlink RRC signaling, uplink RRC signaling, sidelink RRC signaling, MAC CE or PHY signaling. For example, the second indication can be included in SSBs, in the SIB, in common or dedicated RRC signaling, in capability report, in UAI, in control channel such as PUCCH, PDCCH, DCI or UCI and so on.
[0196] In turn, the first device 502 communicates 740, with the second device 504, the sensing information represented by the at least one mode. For example, the first device 502 may transmit, to the second device 504, the sensing information represented by the at least one mode. Alternatively, the first device 502 may receive, from the second device 504, the sensing information represented by the at least one mode.
[0197] As described above, FIG. 4A illustrates an example of point cloud representation of the sensing information indicating a sensing target. In the example of FIG. 4A, the sensing target may comprise two buildings. A point cloud is a discrete set of data points in space. Each point position has a coordinate (x, y, z) .
[0198] For both point cloud representation in FIG. 4A and mesh representation in FIG. 4B, they can provide detailed description of the sensing target. However, because they both represent the sensing target based on points / vertices, the amount of bits for representation is relatively large, which brings large communication overhead in sensing fusion, sensing report, or other scenarios for sensing information exchange. For example, suppose 16 bit precision for the coordinate (x, y, z) of each point / vertex, the total bits for 100 points / vertices will be 100 x 3 x 16 = 4800 bits. Mesh representation will need additional bits for edge representations, i.e. the relationship between vertices.
[0199] FIG. 8 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating an example process 800 for communication based on sensing technology in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. The process 800 may be considered as another example implementation of the process 500. The process 800 may involve the first device 502 and the second device 504 in FIG. 5.
[0200] In some implementations, the first device 502 may be implemented as a UE, and the second device 504 may be implemented as a network node. For example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 1 or 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the base station 170a or 170b in FIG. 1. For another example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the T-TRP 170 in FIG. 2. For another example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the NT-TRP 172 in FIG. 2. For a further example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 1 or 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as a device or network function in the core network 130 in FIG. 1 or 2.
[0201] In some implementations, the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the apparatus 310 and the apparatus 320 in FIG. 3A, respectively.
[0202] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the apparatus 330 in FIG. 3B.
[0203] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the apparatus 340 in FIG. 3C.
[0204] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may comprise a corresponding module, unit, or means (means) for performing operations in the process 500. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented by using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0205] As shown in FIG. 8, the first device 502 receives 810 information about a second set of modes from the second device 504. The second set of modes may be represented by For example, the second set of modes may comprise all the modes that can be used (or supported by the second device 504) , where is one of the modes in the second set and can be associated with one of the following: point position, point position with size, square, rectangle, polygon, circle, line / line segment, cube, sphere, and so on, 1 ≤ p ≤ P.
[0206] Then, the first device 502 may determine 820 the first set of modes for representing the sensing information based on the second set and one of the following: computing capability of the first device 502 or the second device 504, a geographical position of the first device 502 or the second device 504, a first distance between the first device 502 and the second device 504, or a second distance from the first device 502 or the second device 504 to the sensing target. The first set of modes is a subset of the second set of modes.
[0207] In some implementations, the first set of modes may comprise at least one mode that the first device 502 can support, or prefer to use, for representation of the sensing information. The first set of modes may be represented by {A1, A2, …AQ} .
[0208] Then, the first device 502 transmits 830, to the second device 504, an indication indicating the first set of modes.
[0209] In some implementations, the mode in the second set can be represented by an enumerate value, i.e. one of {POINT, POINT_W_SIZE, SQUARE, CIRCLE, RECTANGLE, POLYGON, LINE, CUBE, SPHERE, …} , or an index from a predefined or indicated table, such as Table 2, 1 ≤ p ≤ P.
[0210] In such implementations, to indicate the first set of modes {A1, A2, …AQ} from the first device 502 to the second device 504, the representation for the mode Aq described previously can be used, i.e. enumeration representation or table representation, 1 ≤ q ≤ Q. Alternatively, the mode Aq can refer to an index in the second set of modes For example, the indication including {1, 3} means that the first mode and the third mode in the second set of modes are selected as modes in the first set of modes. That is, the first set of modes comprises For example, the modes supported by the first device 502 are
[0211] In some implementations, the information about the second set of modes can be included in in a downlink RRC signaling, uplink RRC signaling, sidelink RRC signaling, MAC CE or PHY signaling. For example, the information about the second set of modes can be included in SSBs, in the SIB, in common or dedicated RRC signaling, in capability report, in UAI, in control channel such as PUCCH, PDCCH, DCI or UCI and so on.
[0212] In turn, the first device 502 communicates 840, with the second device 504, the sensing information represented by at least one mode in the first set of modes. For example, the first device 502 may transmit, to the second device 504, the sensing information represented by the at least one mode. Alternatively, the first device 502 may receive, from the second device 504, the sensing information represented by the at least one mode.
[0213] Alternatively, in some implementations, at least one of the second set of modes and the first set of modes are predefined. The first set of modes is a subset of the second set of modes. In such implementations, the actions 810 and 820 are not performed.
[0214] FIG. 9 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating an example process 900 for communication based on sensing technology in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. The process 900 may be considered as a further example implementation of the process 500. The process 900 may involve the first device 502 and the second device 504 in FIG. 5.
[0215] In some implementations, the first device 502 may be implemented as a UE, and the second device 504 may be implemented as a network node. For example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 1 or 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the base station 170a or 170b in FIG. 1. For another example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the T-TRP 170 in FIG. 2. For another example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the NT-TRP 172 in FIG. 2. For a further example, the first device 502 may be implemented as the ED 110 in FIG. 1 or 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as a device or network function in the core network 130 in FIG. 1 or 2.
[0216] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as a UE respectively. For example, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as one of the EDs 110a, 110b, 110c and 110d in FIG. 1 or 2.
[0217] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as a network node respectively. For example, the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the base station 170a and the base station 170b in FIG. 1, respectively. For another example, the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the T-TRP 170a and the T-TRP 170b in FIG. 2, respectively. For a further example, the first device 502 may be implemented as one of the T-TRPs 170a and 170b in FIG. 2, and the second device 504 may be implemented as the NT-TRP 172 in FIG. 2.
[0218] In some implementations, the first device 502 may be implemented as a network node, and the second device 504 may be implemented as a UE.
[0219] In some implementations, the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the apparatus 310 and the apparatus 320 in FIG. 3A, respectively.
[0220] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the apparatus 330 in FIG. 3B.
[0221] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may be implemented as the apparatus 340 in FIG. 3C.
[0222] In some implementations, each of the first device 502 and the second device 504 may comprise a corresponding module, unit, or means (means) for performing operations in the process 500. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented by using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0223] As shown in FIG. 9, the first device 502 receives 910 a third indication from the second device 504. The third indication indicates at least one mode for representing sensing information. The sensing information indicates a sensing target.
[0224] Then, the first device 502 determines 920 the at least one mode based on the third indication.
[0225] In turn, the first device 502 communicates 930, with the second device 504, the sensing information represented by at least one mode in the first set of modes. For example, the first device 502 may transmit, to the second device 504, the sensing information represented by the at least one mode. Alternatively, the first device 502 may receive, from the second device 504, the sensing information represented by the at least one mode.
[0226] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a method 1000 implemented at a device in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. In some implementations, the method 1000 may be implemented at the first device 502. Alternatively, the method 1000 may be implemented at the second device 504. Hereinafter, the method 1000 will be described as performed by the first device 502 without loss of generality.
[0227] At 1010, the first device 502 determines at least one mode in a first set of modes for representing sensing information, wherein the sensing information indicates a sensing target.
[0228] At 1020, the first device 502 communicates the sensing information represented by the at least one mode. For example, the first device 502 may transmit, to the second device 504, the sensing information represented by the at least one mode. Alternatively, the first device 502 may receive, from the second device 504, the sensing information represented by the at least one mode.
[0229] In the method 1000, because different devices may have different sensing distances or ranges, or have different physical conditions, or have different computing capabilities, utilizing the mode selection in sensing information representation may reduce the complexity at the device, and / or better improve the performance of subsequent sensing tasks.
[0230] In some implementations, each mode in the first set of modes is associated with one of the following: a geometric shape type for geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information, wherein one or more geometric shapes of the geometric shape type represents information about a surface or edge of the sensing target, or a position type for position-based representation of the sensing information.
[0231] In some implementations, the geometric shape type comprises one of the following: square, circle, rectangle, polygon, line, line segment, cube, and sphere.
[0232] In some implementations, the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information further comprises an indication of the geometric shape type.
[0233] In some implementations, the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information further comprises the number of the one or more geometric shapes.
[0234] In some implementations, the position type comprises one of the following: a point position in a space comprising the sensing target, or the point position and size information about the sensing target.
[0235] In some implementations, the size information about the sensing target comprises one of the following: a radius size of the sensing target, or a ranging box of the sensing target.
[0236] In some implementations, the first set of modes is predefined.
[0237] In some implementations, a second set of modes and / or the first set of modes are predefined, wherein the first set of modes is a subset of the second set of modes.
[0238] In some implementations, determining the at least one mode comprises selecting, based on at least one of the following, the at least one mode from the first set of modes for representing the sensing information: computing capability of a first device or a second device, a geographical position of the first device or the second device, a first distance between the first device and the second device, or a second distance from the first device or the second device to the sensing target.
[0239] In some implementations, the method 1000 further comprises: transmitting a first indication indicating the at least one determined mode.
[0240] In some implementations, the method 1000 further comprises receiving a second indication. The second indication indicates one of the following: whether the at least one determined mode is to be used for communicating the sensing information; or a subset of the at least one determined mode to be used for communicating the sensing information.
[0241] In some implementations, the second indication indicates the subset of the at least one determined mode by indicating one of the following: one or more enumerate values for one or more modes in the subset, or one or more indices for the one or more modes in the subset.
[0242] In some implementations, the method 1000 further comprises: receiving a third indication indicating the at least one mode. In such implementations, determining the at least one mode comprises: determining the at least one mode based on the third indication.
[0243] In some implementations, the method 1000 is performed at a user equipment (UE) side. In such implementations, the method 1000 further comprises: receiving information about a second set of modes, wherein the first set of modes is a subset of the second set of modes.
[0244] FIG. 11 illustrates a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication apparatus 1100 in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 11, the apparatus 1100 includes a processing unit 1102 and a communication unit 1104. The apparatus 1100 may be applied to the communication system as shown in FIG. 1, and may implement any of the methods provided in the foregoing implementations. Optionally, a physical representation form of the apparatus 1100 may be a communication device, for example, the first device 502 or the second device 504. Alternatively, the apparatus 1100 may be another apparatus that can implement a function of a communication device, for example, a processor or a chip inside the communication device. Specifically, the apparatus 1100 may be some programmable chips such as a field-programmable gate array (field-programmable gate array, FPGA) , a complex programmable logic device (complex programmable logic device, CPLD) , an application-specific integrated circuit (application-specific integrated circuits, ASIC) , or a system on a chip (System on a chip, SOC) .
[0245] The processing unit 1102 is configured to determine at least one mode in a first set of modes for representing sensing information. The sensing information indicates a sensing target. The communication unit 1104 is configured to communicate the sensing information represented by the at least one mode.
[0246] In some implementations, each mode in the first set of modes is associated with one of the following: a geometric shape type for geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information, wherein one or more geometric shapes of the geometric shape type represents information about a surface or edge of the sensing target, or a position type for position-based representation of the sensing information.
[0247] In some implementations, the geometric shape type comprises one of the following: square, circle, rectangle, polygon, line, line segment, cube, and sphere.
[0248] In some implementations, the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information further comprises an indication of the geometric shape type.
[0249] In some implementations, the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information further comprises the number of the one or more geometric shapes.
[0250] In some implementations, the position type comprises one of the following: a point position in a space comprising the sensing target, or the point position and size information about the sensing target.
[0251] In some implementations, the size information about the sensing target comprises one of the following: a radius size of the sensing target, or a ranging box of the sensing target.
[0252] In some implementations, the first set of modes is predefined.
[0253] In some implementations, a second set of modes and / or the first set of modes are predefined, wherein the first set of modes is a subset of the second set of modes.
[0254] In some implementations, the processing unit 1102 is configured to determine the at least one mode by selecting, based on at least one of the following, the at least one mode from the first set of modes for representing the sensing information: computing capability of a first device or a second device, a geographical position of the first device or the second device, a first distance between the first device and the second device, or a second distance from the first device or the second device to the sensing target.
[0255] In some implementations, the communication unit 1104 is further configured to transmit a first indication indicating the at least one determined mode.
[0256] In some implementations, the communication unit 1104 is further configured to receive a second indication. The second indication indicates one of the following: whether the at least one determined mode is to be used for communicating the sensing information; or a subset of the at least one determined mode to be used for communicating the sensing information.
[0257] In some implementations, the second indication indicates the subset of the at least one determined mode by indicating one of the following: one or more enumerate values for one or more modes in the subset, or one or more indices for the one or more modes in the subset.
[0258] In some implementations, the communication unit 1104 is further configured to receive a third indication indicating the at least one mode. In such implementations, determining the at least one mode comprises: determining the at least one mode based on the third indication.
[0259] In some implementations, the apparatus 1100 is implemented at a UE side. In such implementations, the communication unit 1104 is further configured to receive information about a second set of modes, wherein the first set of modes is a subset of the second set of modes.
[0260] In some other implementations, the apparatus 1100 can include various other units or modules which may be configured to perform various operations or functions as described in connection with the foregoing method implementations. The details can be obtained referring to the detailed description of the foregoing method implementations and are not described herein again.
[0261] The present disclosure can be also applied to Wi-Fi, Ultra Wide Band (UWB) and other short range communications. Then the BS in the procedure described in the present disclosure may be replaced with Access Points (APs) .
[0262] The present disclosure encompasses various embodiments, including not only method embodiments, but also other embodiments such as apparatus embodiments and embodiments related to non-transitory computer readable storage media. Embodiments may incorporate, individually or in combinations, the features disclosed herein.
[0263] Although this disclosure refers to illustrative embodiments, this is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications and combinations of the illustrative embodiments, as well as other embodiments of the disclosure, will be apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reference to the description.
[0264] Features disclosed herein in the context of any particular embodiments may also or instead be implemented in other embodiments. Method embodiments, for example, may also or instead be implemented in apparatus, system, and / or computer program product embodiments. In addition, although embodiments are described primarily in the context of methods and apparatus, other implementations are also contemplated, as instructions stored on one or more non-transitory computer-readable media, for example. Such media could store programming or instructions to perform any of various methods consistent with the present disclosure.
[0265] In the present disclosure, the terms “a” , “an” and “one” are defined to mean “at least one” , that is, these terms do not exclude a plural number of items, unless stated otherwise.
[0266] In the present disclosure, terms such as “substantially” , “generally” and “about” , which modify a value, condition or characteristic of a feature of an exemplary embodiment, should be understood to mean that the value, condition or characteristic is defined within tolerances that are acceptable for the proper operation of this exemplary embodiment for its intended application.
[0267] In the present disclosure, unless stated otherwise, the terms “connected” and “coupled” , and derivatives and variants thereof, refer herein to any structural or functional connection or coupling, either direct or indirect, between two or more elements. For example, the connection or coupling between the elements can be acoustical, mechanical, optical, electrical, thermal, logical, or any combinations thereof.
[0268] In the present disclosure, expressions such as “match” , “matching” and “matched” , including variants and derivatives thereof, are intended to refer herein to a condition in which two or more elements are either the same or within some predetermined tolerance of each other. That is, these terms are meant to encompass not only “exactly” or “identically” matching the two elements but also “substantially” , “approximately” or “subjectively” matching the two or more elements, as well as providing a higher or best match among a plurality of matching possibilities.
[0269] In the present disclosure, the expression “based on” is intended to mean “based at least partly on” , that is, this expression can mean “based solely on” or “based partially on” , and so should not be interpreted in a limited manner. More particularly, the expression “based on” could also be understood as meaning “depending on” , “representative of” , “indicative of” , “associated with” or similar expressions.
[0270] In the present disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably in embodiments of this application. "At least one" means one or more, and "a plurality of" means two or more. The term "and / or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may indicate the following three cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " usually indicates an "or" relationship between associated objects. "At least one of the following items (pieces) " or a similar expression thereof indicates any combination of these items, including a single item (piece) or any combination of a plurality of items (pieces) . For example, "at least one of A, B, or C" includes A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A, B, and C, and "at least one of A, B, and C" may also be understood as including A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A, B, and C. In addition, unless otherwise specified, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" in embodiments of this application are used to distinguish between a plurality of objects, and are not used to limit a sequence, a time sequence, priorities, or importance of the plurality of objects.
[0271] A person skilled in the art should understand that embodiments of this application may be provided as a method, an appartus (or system) , computer-readable storage medium, or a computer program product. Therefore, this application may use a form of a hardware-only embodiment, a software-only embodiment, or an embodiment with a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, this application may use a form of a computer program product that is implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to a disk memory, an optical memory, and the like) that include computer-usable program code.
[0272] This application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the method, the device (system) , and the computer program product according to this application. It should be understood that computer program instructions may be used to implement each process and / or each block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams and a combination of a process and / or a block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams. The computer program instructions may be provided for a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, an embedded processor, or a processor of another programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the computer or the processor of the another programmable data processing device generate an apparatus for implementing a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or in one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0273] The computer program instructions may alternatively be stored in a computer-readable memory that can indicate a computer or another programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate an artifact that includes an instruction apparatus. The instruction apparatus implements a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or in one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0274] The computer program instructions may alternatively be loaded onto a computer or another programmable data processing device, so that a series of operations and steps are performed on the computer or the another programmable device, so that computer-implemented processing is generated. Therefore, the instructions executed on the computer or the another programmable device provide steps for implementing a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or in one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0275] It is clearly that a person skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this application. This application is intended to cover these modifications and variations of this application provided that they fall within the scope of protection defined by the following claims and their equivalent technologies.
[0276] Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Initialisms
Claims
1.A method, comprising:determine at least one mode in a first set of modes for representing sensing information, wherein the sensing information indicates a sensing target; andcommunicate the sensing information represented by the at least one mode.2.The method of claim 1, wherein each mode in the first set of modes is associated with one of the following:a geometric shape type for geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information, wherein one or more geometric shapes of the geometric shape type represents information about a surface or edge of the sensing target, ora position type for position-based representation of the sensing information.3.The method of claim 2, wherein the geometric shape type comprises one of the following:square,circle,rectangle,polygon,line,line segment,cube, andsphere.4.The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information further comprises an indication of the geometric shape type.5.The method of any of claims 2 to 4, wherein the geometric shape-based representation of the sensing information further comprises the number of the one or more geometric shapes.6.The method of claim 2, wherein the position type comprises one of the following:a point position in a space comprising the sensing target, orthe point position and size information about the sensing target.7.The method of claim 6, wherein the size information about the sensing target comprises one of the following:a radius size of the sensing target, ora ranging box of the sensing target.8.The method of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first set of modes is predefined.9.The method of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein a second set of modes and / or the first set of modes are predefined, wherein the first set of modes is a subset of the second set of modes.10.The method of any of claims 1 to 9, wherein determining the at least one mode comprises selecting, based on at least one of the following, the at least one mode from the first set of modes for representing the sensing information:computing capability of a first device or a second device,a geographical position of the first device or the second device,a first distance between the first device and the second device, ora second distance from the first device or the second device to the sensing target.11.The method of any of claims 1 to 10, further comprising:transmitting a first indication indicating the at least one determined mode.12.The method of claim 11, further comprising:receiving a second indication, wherein the second indication indicates one of the following:whether the at least one determined mode is to be used for communicating the sensing information; ora subset of the at least one determined mode to be used for communicating the sensing information.13.The method of claim 12, wherein the second indication indicates the subset of the at least one determined mode by indicating one of the following:one or more enumerate values for one or more modes in the subset, orone or more indices for the one or more modes in the subset.14.The method of any of claims 1 to 7, further comprising:receiving a third indication indicating the at least one mode; andwherein determining the at least one mode comprises:determining the at least one mode based on the third indication.15.The method of any of claims 1 to 14, wherein the method is performed at a user equipment (UE) side; andwherein the method further comprises:receiving information about a second set of modes, wherein the first set of modes is a subset of the second set of modes.16.A communication apparatus, configured to perform the method according to any of claims 1 to 15.17.The communication apparatus of claim 16, wherein the communication apparatus comprises:a processing unit configured to determine at least one mode in a first set of modes for representing sensing information, wherein the sensing information indicates a sensing target; anda communication unit configured to communicate the sensing information represented by the at least one mode.18.The communication apparatus of claim 16, wherein the communication apparatus comprises:one or more processors configured to determine at least one mode in a first set of modes for representing sensing information, wherein the sensing information indicates a sensing target; andan interface circuit configure to communicate the sensing information represented by the at least one mode.19.The communication apparatus of claim 18, wherein the interface circuit comprises one or more transceivers.20.An apparatus comprising:one or more processors; anda memory storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 15.21.A communication system, wherein the communication system comprises a communication apparatus configured to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 15.22.A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 15.23.A computer program product storing instructions which, when executed, cause an apparatus to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 15.
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