Seeding machine

Abstract

Seeding machine (1) configured to be moved on a soil (T) along a movement direction (X) and comprising forming means (3) mechanically configured to intercept said soil (T) and create at least one channel (C) substantially parallel to said movement direction (X); support means (4) configured to support at least one reel (5) of tape-like material (6), intended to be laid out on said soil (T), at least to cover said channel (C); first distributing means (7) configured to distribute a plurality of seeds on said tape-like material (6) in correspondence with said channel (C); second distributing means (8) configured to pour a layer of covering material on said plurality of seeds in correspondence with said channel (C); first pressing means (12) interposed between said support means (4) and said first distributing means (7) configured to press said tape-like material (6) in said channel (C).

Description

SEEDING MACHINEDESCRIPTIONField of application of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a seeding machine and a seeding method, according to the preamble of the respective independent claims.

[0002] Therefore, the present invention finds advantageous use in the technical sector of agriculture and in the industrial sector of production and marketing of agricultural machinery and / or their parts and accessories.

[0003] More in detail, the machine and method here dealt with are advantageously intended to be used for spreading seeds on agricultural land to be cultivated.State of the art

[0004] The development of seeding machine, used to distribute seeds on agricultural land, has evolved rapidly, thanks to technological advances aimed at increasing the efficiency, precision and sustainability of agriculture.

[0005] For example, in recent years the so-called precision seeding has emerged, in which modern seeding machines integrate technologies such as GPS, sensors and computer vision to ensure accurate positioning of the seeds in the field to be cultivated.

[0006] In more detail, GPS guidance of the machines allows for precise spacing and alignment of the rows, while sensors and computer vision systems help detect soil conditions, monitor seed placement and adjust the sowing depth accordingly.

[0007] Also known is the so-called Variable Rate Technology (VRT), which allows seed drills to adjust seed doses based on data collected in real time by appropriate sensors facing the land to be cultivated, and / or by satellite images and / or by historical maps of the yield on the field to be cultivated.

[0008] This technology optimizes seed placement and spacing based on soil fertility, moisture levels and other factors, maximizing crop yields and minimizing input costs.

[0009] Robotic and substantially automatic seeding machines are also known, reducing the need for manual labor and improving operational efficiency.

[0010] Robotic seeding machines of the known type are usually provided with advanced algorithms and artificial intelligence-based systems, are able to navigate autonomously in the fields, plant seeds with precision and adapt to changing environmental conditions.

[0011] In recent years, seeding machine manufacturers have been focusing on the development of seeding machines that are highly efficient in terms of both seed use and energy consumption.

[0012] In general, the integration of sustainable practices into seeding machines is increasingly important, such as conservative soil cultivation techniques, cover crops and precision irrigation.

[0013] These practices contribute to improving soil health, reducing erosion, reducing the use of agrochemicals, conserving water and improving the overall environmental sustainability of agriculture.

[0014] In recent years, the technical sector of reference has opened up the possibility of sowing on ribbonlike materials, for example paper.

[0015] In horticulture, paper can be used both to form a mulching layer, like plastic films - in which a hole is made for the release of sown or transplanted plants - and as a seamless substrate, on which to place seeds.

[0016] In this way, thanks to the mechanical resistance of the paper, the roots of cultivated plants pass through it easily, on the contrary, the shoots of weeds born in the soil, under the paper, are unable to penetrate the covering to come out.

[0017] This seeding method allows to control germination and block the growth of weeds in cultivated fields which, as is known, infest the soil by taking away nutrients, light and water from the desired plants.

[0018] In fact, covering the ground with paper tape prevents the weed seeds that naturally germinate in the ground from growing and therefore competing with the desired plants.

[0019] Although not as widespread as the traditional seeding methods briefly mentioned above, progress has been made in recent years in machines specifically designed to plant seeds on paper tapes laid out on agricultural land.

[0020] As is known, specialized machines have been developed to produce paper tapes that enclose seeds, or pre-germinated seeds, or seedlings equidistant from each other. These machines automate the process of placing seeds at precise intervals on biodegradable paper tapes.

[0021] In general, machines for planting seeds on paper tapes are equipped with suitable means for dispensing the seeds, for applying an adhesive, cutting and rolling the paper tapes.

[0022] The machines for producing seed tapes ensure uniform spacing of seeds and reduce the labour required for manual seed tape production.

[0023] However, in practice these machines have proven to be not free from drawbacks.

[0024] The main drawback is that normally the tapes with glued seeds are made before starting to lay the tape on the land to be cultivated.

[0025] Normally, in fact, seeding machines designed to advance on the land to be cultivated are configured only to lay the tape (to which the seeds have been previously applied according to a desired pattern) on the land to be cultivated.

[0026] It follows that the known type of machines must necessarily operate in two distinct operating stations, one for preparing the tape and one for laying it on the field, increasing the technical complexity of sowing.

[0027] Obviously, the technical complexity of the known type of machine translates into a higher cost of production, marketing and, consequently, a higher cost of cultivation of the fields in which said known type of machine is used.

[0028] In any case, seed tape technology is adaptable to a wide range of crops, including vegetables, flowers and herbs. Machines designed to plant seeds on paper tapes are often configurable to accommodate different types and sizes of seeds.

[0029] They can be equipped with interchangeable components or adjustable settings to meet the specific requirements of various crops, allowing for efficient and versatile seeding operations.

[0030] As is known, paper tape seeding machines offer potential environmental benefits, including reducing seed waste, improving germination rates and minimising pollution of cultivated soil.

[0031] More clearly, paper tape seeding machines allow for increased seed germination, leading to a lower consumption of the seeds for the same cultivation and to a lower use of chemical fertilizers and / or herbicides that pollute the soil to be cultivated.

[0032] Biodegradable paper tapes used in seed tapes decompose naturally, eliminating the need for plastic or synthetic materials. Additionally, precise seed placement and spacing promotes efficient use ofresources and space, contributing to sustainable farming practices.

[0033] An example of a seeding machine suitable for placing seeds on a paper tape is described in patent 102020000025387.

[0034] This machine, however, has proven to be insufficient in practice from a performance point of view, and unable to compensate for the high production and management costs with greater productivity compared to traditional machines.

[0035] In more detail, the machine described in the aforementioned document comprises means for laying out a paper tape, and means for distributing seeds on the aforementioned paper tape previously laid out on the ground to be cultivated.

[0036] The machine of known type also provides for laying a second paper strip over the seeds, to cover them.

[0037] However, in practice the machine proved not to be free from drawbacks.

[0038] The main drawback is that the machine of known type can only sow by scattering, or in any case with a very approximate distribution, reducing the efficiency of harvesting the bulkier plantations that require more space during growth.

[0039] In fact, the machine of known type described in the aforementioned document cannot in any way be used to grow plants that require sowing at regular and precise distances, for example in the case of very bulky plants.

[0040] Another drawback is that the seeds are protected only by a thin layer of paper, which is ineffective in providing optimal protection of the seeds.

[0041] In fact, the thin layer of paper placed to cover the seeds is not able to adequately protect the seeds, nor is it able to retain humidity in the hottest periods of the year.

[0042] In fact, seeds often show problems in germination, due to their dehydration.

[0043] A further drawback is that, in the case of sowing in open fields (i.e. not inside, for example, a greenhouse), the second paper strip is susceptible to breakage, for example due to rain or other atmospheric agents, leaving the seeds uncovered.

[0044] Otherwise, seeds can be extracted by animals that easily tear the second paper strip, reaching and preying on the seeds present therein.

[0045] Furthermore, many seed species germinate only in the absence of light. Such species are obviously excluded from sowing with the known type of machine since light permeates through the second paper tape, preventing their germination.

[0046] Furthermore, the second layer of paper may be subject to movement, for example due to wind or other external factors.

[0047] Further examples of machines of known type are described in documents US 3905313 A, US 4092936 A, GB 2601371 A, US 2020 / 352079 A1 , FR 1434558 A.

[0048] However, even machines of the known type described in these documents show one or more of the drawbacks of the above-mentioned prior art.Presentation of the invention

[0049] The main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the above-mentioned prior art by providing a seeding machine, according to the independent main claim no. 1 .

[0050] In particular, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a seeding machine that iseconomically advantageous.

[0051] A further purpose of the present invention is to provide a seeding machine which is provided with high energy and / or performance efficiency.

[0052] Another object of the present invention is to provide a seeding machine that is capable of increasing productivity compared to known seed drill machines.

[0053] A further purpose of the present invention is to provide a seeding machine that is structurally and / or functionally completely reliable.

[0054] Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a seeding machine that has an innovative and / or alternative character compared to prior art seeding machines.

[0055] These purposes, together with others that will be better clarified below, are achieved by a seeding machine of the type in accordance with claim 1 .

[0056] Other objects which will be better described below are achieved by a seeding machine according to the dependent claims.

[0057] According to a further aspect of the present invention, a seeding method of the type according to claim 9 is provided.Breve descrizione del disegni

[0058] The advantages and features of the present invention will emerge clearly from the following detailed description of some preferred but not limiting configurations of a seeding machine with particular reference to the following drawings:- Figure 1 shows a side view of a seeding machine according to the invention, towed by a tractor;- Figure 2 shows a rear perspective view of the seeding machine of Figure 1 , towed by a tractor;- Figure 3 shows a rear perspective view of the seeding machine of Figure 2;- Figure 4 shows a side view of the seeding machine according to the invention;- Figure 5 shows a frontal sectional view of a detail of the seeding machine, taken along the V- V line of Figure 4.Detailed description of the invention

[0059] The present invention relates to a seeding machine. The machine which is the object of the invention has been identified in the attached figures with the reference number 1 .

[0060] The seeding machine 1 here disclosed is advantageously intended to be used in the agricultural industry, in particular in the industry of the production and marketing of seeding machines.

[0061] Furthermore, the seeding machine 1 which is the object of the present invention is advantageously intended to be used for the positioning of seeds and / or pre-germinated seeds on soils T to be cultivated.

[0062] The term "seeds" shall be understood in the following to mean any type of organic product capable of making a plant grow and / or develop.

[0063] For example, the term "seeds" shall be understood to include seeds of any type and size, bulbs, tubers, etc.

[0064] In more detail, the machine 1 is intended to be used to distribute on a soil T a plurality of seeds for the cultivation of plants and plantations of any species and typology.

[0065] Advantageously, the machine 1 according to the invention is intended to advance on the soil T to be cultivated.

[0066] According to a first preferential but non-limiting embodiment illustrated in the attached figures, themachine 1 is of the towed type, i.e. intended to be mechanically connected to a tractor machine M capable of moving forward on the soil T, dragging the machine 1 in question.

[0067] For this purpose, the seeding machine 1 will comprise suitable means of movement (not illustrated in the attached figures) configured to allow movement of the machine 1 on the soil T, such as for example suitable wheels, for example rotatable mounted on a support frame.

[0068] Differently, according to a different embodiment not illustrated in the attached figures, the machine 1 may be of an autonomously mobile type, i.e. equipped with active movement means, operationally associated with the wheels for independent movement on the soil T.

[0069] The seeding machine 1 which is the subject of the present invention may comprise at least one support frame (not illustrated in the attached figures but in itself well known to those skilled in the art), configured to be moved on the soil T along a movement direction X.

[0070] Alternatively, the seeding machine 1 according to the invention may comprise several operating modules, mechanically unrelated to each other. In this situation, the machine 1 in question may not comprise any support frame.

[0071] Normally, the movement direction X is substantially parallel to the soil T to be cultivated and in particular substantially horizontal.

[0072] According to the invention, the machine 1 comprises forming means 3, preferably mechanically mounted on said support frame, configured to intercept said soil T and create at least one channel C substantially parallel to said movement direction X.

[0073] The seeding machine 1 further comprises support means 4, preferably mechanically associated with said support frame, configured to support at least one reel 5 of tape-like material 6, intended to be laid on said soil T, at least to cover said channel C.

[0074] The seeding machine 1 further comprises first distributing means 7, preferably mechanically mounted on said support frame, configured to distribute a plurality of seeds on said tape-like material 6 in correspondence with said channel C.

[0075] The seeding machine 1 further comprises second distributing means 8, preferably mechanically mounted on said support frame, configured to pour a layer of covering material on said plurality of seeds in correspondence with said channel C.

[0076] In this way, the seeding machine 1 according to the invention thus allows to combine weed control without the use of herbicides (normally polluting) and, at the same time, to prevent the seeds from being removed from the designated area and / or the tape-like material 6 from being removed from the soil T.

[0077] Advantageously, the tape-like material 6 is at least partially porous, and comprises for example paper, or absorbent paper, or non-woven fabric (known in the technical jargon of the sector with the acronym TNT).

[0078] More generally, the tape-like material 6 is made of material with low resistance to perforation, in order to allow the roots of the plants to be grown to pass through it easily, as described in detail below.

[0079] Preferably, the tape-like material 6 is an at least partially natural material, for example, a material comprising vegetable pectins and / or vegetable glues.

[0080] Advantageously, the tape-like material 6 is a paper or a non-woven fabric, in particular obtained using the air-laid technique, which is known to those skilled in the art and therefore not described in detail below. In particular, the tape-like material 6 is preferably made of paper.

[0081] Preferably, the tape-like material 6 is provided with wet mechanical resistance, in order to resist contact with the ground T even following rain or following irrigation of the soil T itself.

[0082] Preferably, the tape-like material 6 has a weight of between 30 and 100 g / m2and generally between 40 and 50 g / m2and more preferably between 45 and 48 g / m2.

[0083] Preferably, the tape-like material 6 is made (preferably of paper) with long, crossed fibres, so as to ensure sufficient porosity for the roots of the crop shoots to penetrate and therefore reach the underlying soil.

[0084] Preferably, the tape-like material 6 has a mechanical resistance that remains substantially unchanged even when wet, so as to allow irrigation of the seeds and / or plants while ensuring the containment of weeds.

[0085] Preferably, the tape-like material 6 has a mechanical resistance (particularly tensile strength) between 20 and 80 kN / m and more preferably between 25 and 50 kN / m.

[0086] Advantageously, said forming means 3, said support means 4, said first distributing means 7 and said second distributing means 8 are aligned with each other along a prevalent development axis A.

[0087] Preferably, the prevalent development axis A is substantially parallel, in use, to the movement direction X.

[0088] Advantageously, during the normal movement of the seeding machine 1 on the soil T, the forming means 3, the support means 4 of the reel 5 of the tape-like material 6, the first distributing means 7 and the second distributing means 8 are positioned among themselves in such a way as to intercept the same point of the channel C in succession.

[0089] Advantageously, said forming means 3 may comprise at least one shaped roller 9, preferably rotatably mounted on said support frame, configured to rotate around a rotation axis Y.

[0090] Preferably, said shaped roller 9 comprises a lateral wall 10 shaped and developing around said rotation axis Y, configured to intercept said soil T and form said channel C.

[0091] Preferably, the rotation axis Y is substantially orthogonal to the prevalent development axis A and, preferably, substantially orthogonal to the movement direction X.

[0092] Preferably, the rotation axis Y of the shaped roller 9 of the forming means 3 is substantially horizontal.

[0093] According to the preferred embodiment illustrated in the attached figures and with particular reference to the attached figure 5, the shaped roller 9 of the forming means 3 is configured to form a ridge of soil T through compression.

[0094] In other words, the shaped roller 9 delimits a forming space 17 configured to compress within it a ridge L of soil T.

[0095] In more detail, the shaped roller 9 comprises two annular shoulders 16 that extend around the rotation axis Y.

[0096] Advantageously, the annular shoulders 16 extend in projection from the annular edges 10' of the side wall 10 of the shaped roller 9.

[0097] Suitably, the side wall 10 delimits the bottom of the forming space 17 of the shaped roller 9 and, preferably, the annular shoulders 16 delimit the forming space 17 laterally.

[0098] Ideally, according to the cross-section illustrated in the attached figure 5, the forming space 17 preferably has a substantially quadrangular shape and is configured to compress within it theaforementioned ridge L of soil T.

[0099] In more detail, the forming space 17 has a substantially trapezoidal shape, in particular in the shape of an isosceles trapezium.

[0100] In more detail, each annular shoulder 16 comprises an internal wall (which delimits the forming space 17) of a substantially truncated conical shape which extends inclined with respect to the rotation axis Y.

[0101] Operationally, during the advancement of the seeding machine 1 , the shaped roller 9 of the forming means 3 is dragged into rotation around the rotation axis Y, intercepting and compressing the soil T inside the forming space 17, forming the ridge L of soil T.

[0102] Advantageously, said side wall 10 comprises at least one rib 1 1 configured to form said channel C by compressing said soil T.

[0103] Preferably, the rib 1 1 protrudes from the side wall 10.

[0104] According to the preferred embodiment illustrated in the attached figures, the rib 1 1 has a substantially annular shape, extending around the rotation axis Y of the shaped roller 9 of the forming means 3.

[0105] In more detail, the rib 1 1 is interposed between the annular shoulders 16.

[0106] Preferably, the rib 1 1 is arranged substantially interposed and equidistant from the annular edges 101of the side wall 10 and / or from the annular shoulders 16.

[0107] Advantageously, the rib 1 1 defines a first height d with respect to the rotation axis Y.

[0108] Furthermore, the annular shoulders 16 define a second height D with respect to the rotation axisY.

[0109] Preferably, the first height d of the rib 11 is smaller than the second height D of the annular shoulders 16.[001 10] In this way, the seeding machine 1 (and in particular the forming means 3) allows the formation of ridges L of soil T equipped with a channel C at the top in which to place the seeds.[001 11 ] According to a further embodiment of the present invention, illustrated in the attached figures 6, 7 and 8, the forming means 3 may comprise at least one fixed element 50, configured to intercept the ground T during the movement of the machine 1 , to at least partially excavate the channel C.[001 12] Preferably, according to this embodiment, the forming means 3 comprise at least one blade and / or a wheel 51 and, preferably, at least a pair of blades and / or wheels 51 arranged side by side.[001 13] In more detail, the at least one blade and / or wheel 51 comprises a terminal portion 52 configured to intercept the soil and define the aforementioned channel C.[001 14] According to the preferred embodiment illustrated in the attached figures 6-8, the forming means 6 comprise at least one pair of blades and / or wheels 51 , and more preferably a plurality of pairs of blades and / or wheels 51 (for example three pairs of blades and / or wheels 51 , as illustrated in figures 6-8), where each pair of blades and / or wheels 51 is configured to form two corresponding channels C parallel to each other..[001 15] The seeding machine 1 according to the invention comprises first pressing means 12 interposed between said support means 4 and said first distributing means 7 and configured to press said tape-like material 6 into said channel C.[001 16] Advantageously, the seeding machine 1 may comprise second pressing means 13 arrangeddownstream of said second distributing means 8 and configured to press said covering material into said channel C.[001 17] The first pressing means 12 preferably comprise at least one first wheel 24, preferably rotatably constrained to the support frame of the seeding machine 1 , rotatably rotatable around its own rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis Y of the shaped roller 9 of the forming means 3 and configured to intercept the channel C created by the forming means 3.[001 18] Preferably, the first wheel 24 comprises a perimeter surface configured to intercept the channel C.[001 19] Preferably, the perimeter surface of the first wheel 24 of the first pressing means 12 is aligned with the rib 1 1 of the shaped roller 9 of the forming means 3, in particular with respect to a direction parallel to the prevalent development axis A of the seeding machine 1 .

[0120] In this way, the first wheel 24 of the first pressing means 12 is configured to shape the tape-like material 6 in such a way that it adheres to the channel C, to receive the plurality of seeds.

[0121] The second pressing means 13 preferably comprise at least one second wheel 25, preferably rotatably constrained to the support frame of the seeding machine 1 , rotatably rotatable around its respective rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis Y of the shaped roller 9 of the forming means 3 and configured to intercept the channel C created by the forming means 3.

[0122] Advantageously, the second pressing means 13 are arranged, along the prevalent development axis A, following the second distributing means 8, with respect to a movement direction of the seeding machine 1 .

[0123] Preferably, the second wheel 25 comprises a perimeter surface configured to intercept the channel C.

[0124] Preferably, the perimeter surface of the second wheel 25 of the second pressing means 13 is aligned with the rib 1 1 of the shaped roller 9 of the forming means 3, in particular with respect to a direction parallel to the prevalent development axis A of the seeding machine 1 .

[0125] In this way, the second wheel 25 of the second pressing means 13 is configured to press the covering material inside the channel C so as to cover the plurality of seeds.

[0126] According to a different embodiment not illustrated in the attached figures, the first and / or second pressing means 12, 13 can be made in ways different from those described above, without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the present patent application.

[0127] For example, the first and / or second pressing means 12, 13 may comprise a pad, configured to slide on the web material 6 inside the channel C to make the web material 6 adhere to the surface of the channel C.

[0128] The covering material helps to prevent the plurality of seeds distributed in the channel C from being removed by animals and / or atmospheric agents.

[0129] Preferably, in one embodiment the machine 1 according to the invention may also comprise suitable spreading means (not illustrated in the attached figures), configured to spread the first ribbon-like material 6 on the soil T to be cultivated.

[0130] In one embodiment, the spreading means may comprise at least one spreading member, configured to be positioned close to the soil T and to intercept the tape-like material 6 to keep it adhered to the soil T itself during the advancement of the machine 1 .

[0131] In a different embodiment in the figures said spreading means may not be present, and the spreading of said tape-like material 6 may occur through the motion of the machine 1 on the soil T.

[0132] According to the embodiment illustrated in the attached figures 6-8, the machine 1 may comprise spreading means 60, which preferably comprise a abutment element 61 mechanically mounted on the support frame and arranged inclined, and is configured to convey the spreading of the tape-like material 6 onto the soil T.

[0133] Preferably, the abutment element 61 has a substantially planar shape and extends inclined towards the soil T, so as to promote and / or facilitate the deposition of the tape-like material 6 unwound from the reel 5.

[0134] Preferably, the spreading means 60 comprise one or more folding elements 62 operatively associated with said abutment element 61 and configured to intercept and fold the tape-like material 6.

[0135] Preferably, the folding elements 62 are configured to fold and / or preform the tape-like material 6 before its placement on the soil T, in particular by creating at least one longitudinal fold intended to be placed in correspondence with the at least one channel C, to facilitate the entry of the tape-like material 6 into the channel C itself.

[0136] Preferably, in more detail, the folding elements 62 comprise at least one folding wheel 63, and preferably at least a pair of folding wheels 63 placed side by side.

[0137] Preferably, each folding wheel 63 of the folding elements 62 is configured to intercept the tapelike material 6 during its unwinding and to create, by pressing the web material 6 onto the abutment element 61 of the stretching means 60, at least one corresponding longitudinal fold on the tape-like material 6.

[0138] Preferably, the abutment element 61 comprises at least one longitudinal groove 64, arranged parallel to the movement direction X.

[0139] Preferably, the groove 64 has a shape substantially equal to the channel C to be formed on the soil T.

[0140] Operatively, during its deposition, the tape-like material 6 is made to slide between the abutment element 61 and the folding elements 62.

[0141] More in detail, each folding wheel 63 is positioned to intercept the corresponding groove 64. During the deposition of the tape-like material 6. Each folding wheel 63 imprints a longitudinal fold on the tape-like material 6 of the same shape as the corresponding groove 64, so as to allow simple (and essentially automatic) insertion of the longitudinal fold of the tape-like material 6 into the corresponding channel C made on the soil T.

[0142] Advantageously, the seeding machine 1 may comprise spraying means 14 interposed between said support means 4 and said first distributing means 7 and configured to deliver at least one flow of fluid onto said tape-like material 6 spread on said soil T.

[0143] Preferably, the fluid flow comprises water and, preferably, at least one additive.

[0144] For example, the fluid flow may include adjuvants and / or fertilizers and / or repellents and / or insecticides, etc.

[0145] In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spraying means 14 act as said spreading means.

[0146] In other words, the spraying means 14 allow the tape-like material 6 to be kept mechanically associated with the soil T.

[0147] Suitably, the spraying means 14 comprise at least one spraying terminal 15, configured to be facing the soil T during use of the seeding machine 1 .

[0148] In more detail, the spray terminal 15 of the spraying means 14 is shaped according to the internal profile of the forming space 17 of the shaped roller 9 of the forming means 3.

[0149] In other words, the spray terminal 15 is substantially counter-shaped with respect to the external profile of the ridge L of soil T formed by the forming means 3.

[0150] In more detail, the spray terminal 15 has a substantially L-shaped shape and, in particular, comprises a first section 15' extending substantially parallel to the rotation axis Y of the shaped roller 9 of the forming means 3, and in use substantially horizontally.

[0151] Furthermore, the spray terminal 15 comprises a second section 15” connected to an external end of the first section 15’, extending inclined with respect to the first section 15’.

[0152] Preferably, the angle that remains defined between the first section 15' and the second section 15" of the spray terminal 14 of the spraying means 14 is substantially equal to the angle that remains defined between the side wall 10 and each of the annular shoulders 16 of the shaped roller 9 of the forming means 3.

[0153] The seeding machine 1 may comprise a first tank 18, preferably mechanically mounted on the support frame, configured to contain a liquid to be sprayed, for example water.

[0154] Preferably, the first tank 18 is placed in hydraulic communication with the spraying means 14 and in particular with the spraying terminals 15, for example by means of at least one pipe 19.

[0155] The spraying means 14 are configured to spray a flow of fluid towards the tape-like material 6 spread on the ridge L of soil T, in order to make the tape-like material 6 adhere to the soil T itself and, at the same time, moisten the soil T to allow optimal germination of the seeds.

[0156] Advantageously, the first distributing means 7 for distributing the plurality of seeds comprise at least one first dispenser 20 configured to face the channel C formed by the forming means 3.

[0157] In more detail, the first dispenser 20 extends between a second tank 21 and an outlet mouth.

[0158] The first dispenser 20 appropriately comprises dosing means (not illustrated in the attached figures) configured to dose the spreading of the plurality of seeds on the channel C.

[0159] For example, the dosing means may comprise a valve or solenoid valve that can be controlled to open and / or close to allow and / or block the passage of seeds from the second tank 21 towards the channel C.

[0160] Preferably, the seeding machine 1 comprises at least one electronic control unit (not illustrated in the attached figures and in itself well known to the person skilled in the art).

[0161] Preferably, the electronic control unit is electronically connected to the dosing means to control their opening and / or closing.

[0162] Advantageously, the machine 1 according to the invention can comprise electrical and / or mechanical and / or pneumatic and / or hydraulic drives or other, configured to drive said forming means 3 and / or said first distributing means 7 and / or said second distributing means 8.

[0163] Obviously, the drives of the machine 1 may be of any type known to the person skilled in the art without thereby departing from the scope of protection of this patent application.

[0164] Advantageously, the second distributing means 8 for pouring the layer of covering material onto said plurality of seeds comprise at least one second dispenser 22 configured to face the channel C formedby the forming means 3.

[0165] In more detail, the second dispenser 22 extends between a third tank 23 and a corresponding outlet mouth.

[0166] The second dispenser 22 appropriately comprises second dosing means (not illustrated in the attached figures) configured to dose the spreading of the covering material at the channel C.

[0167] For example, the second dosing means may comprise a second solenoid valve that can be controlled to open and / or close to allow and / or block the passage of the covering material from the third tank 23 towards the channel C.

[0168] Preferably, the electronic control unit is electronically connected to the second dosing means of the second dispenser 22 to control its opening and / or closing.

[0169] Preferably, the covering material distributed by the second dispensing means 8 comprises at least one inert material.

[0170] For example, the covering material may comprise sand and / or cellulose (e.g. waste cellulose) or the like.

[0171] Preferably, the seeding machine 1 comprises third distributing means 26, preferably mechanically mounted on said support frame, configured to distribute a mass of fertilizing material.

[0172] Preferably, the third distributing means are interposed between the first distributing means 7 and the second distributing means 8, so that the fertilizing material is interposed between the plurality of seeds and the covering material.

[0173] Alternatively, the position of the first and third distributing means 7, 26 can be reversed.

[0174] Preferably, the seeding machine 1 comprises second irrigation means 27 configured to distribute a flow of fluid on the channel C.

[0175] Preferably, the second irrigation means 27 are arranged downstream of the second pressing means 13 and are configured to wet the covering material placed inside the channel C.

[0176] The present invention also relates to a seeding method, preferably intended to be used to distribute seeds on a soil T to be cultivated.

[0177] Preferably (but not limited to) the seeding method in question can be carried out by using a seeding machine 1 described above and whose numerical references will be maintained for simplicity of exposition.

[0178] In this situation, all the technical features disclosed with reference to the seeding machine must be understood as disclosed -taken alone or in any combination - also with reference to the seeding method, which is also the object of the present invention.

[0179] The seeding method according to the invention comprising a succession of operational steps, described in detail below.

[0180] The method according to the invention provides for a) preparing at least one longitudinal channel C on a cultivated soil T.

[0181] The method according to the invention also provides for b) laying at least a tape-like material 6 on said soil T to cover at least said channel C.

[0182] Advantageously, the tape-like material 6 is at least partially porous, and comprises for example paper, or absorbent paper, or non-woven fabric (known in the technical jargon of the sector with the acronym TNT).

[0183] More generally, the tape-like material 6 is made of material with low resistance to puncture, in order to allow the roots of the plants to be grown to pass through it easily.

[0184] Preferably, the tape-like material 6 is an at least partially natural material, for example, a material comprising vegetable pectins and / or vegetable glues.

[0185] Advantageously, the tape-like material 6 is a paper or a non-woven fabric, in particular obtained using the air-laid technique, which is known to the person skilled in the art and therefore not described in detail below.

[0186] Preferably, the tape-like material 6 is provided with wet mechanical resistance, in order to resist contact with the soil T even following rain or following irrigation of the soil T itself.

[0187] The method also provides for c) distributing a plurality of seeds on said tape-like material 6 in correspondence with said channel C.

[0188] The method also provides for d) distributing a covering material on said seeds in correspondence with said channel C.

[0189] Advantageously, the seeding method according to the invention can comprise, following said step b) of laying out said tape-like material 6, a first step of spraying at least one flow of fluid onto said tape-like material 6 to make said tape-like material 6 adhere to said soil T.

[0190] Advantageously, said step a) provides for the creation of said channel C through soil T pressing, defining a longitudinal groove.

[0191] The present invention can be realized in other variants all falling within the scope of the inventive features claimed and described; these technical features can be replaced by different technically equivalent elements and the materials used; the shapes and dimensions of the invention can be any as long as they are compatible with its use.

[0192] The numbers and reference signs inserted in the claims and in the description have the sole purpose of increasing the clarity of the text and must not be considered as elements that limit the technical interpretation of the objects or processes identified by them.

Claims

CLAIMS1 . Seeding machine (1) configured to be moved on a soil (T) along a movement direction (X) and comprising: forming means (3) mechanically configured to intercept said soil (T) and create at least one channel (C) substantially parallel to said movement direction (X); support means (4) configured to support at least one reel (5) of tape-like material (6), intended to be laid on said soil (T), at least to cover said channel (C); first distributing means (7) configured to distribute a plurality of seeds on said tape-like material (6) in correspondence with said channel (C); characterised in that it also comprises: second distributing means (8) configured to pour a layer of covering material on said plurality of seeds in correspondence with said channel (C); first pressing means (12) interposed between said support means (4) and said first distributing means (7) configured to press said tape-like material (6) into said channel (C).

2. Seeding machine (1) according to claim 1 , characterised in that said forming means (3), said support means (4), said first distributing means (7) and said second distributing means (8) are aligned with each other along a prevalent development axis (A).

3. Seeding machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that said forming means (3) comprise at least one shaped roller (9) configured to rotate around a rotation axis (Y); said shaped roller (9) comprising a lateral wall (10) shaped and developing around said rotation axis (Y), configured to intercept said soil (T) and form said channel (C).

4. Seeding machine (1) according to claim 3, characterised in that said side wall (10) comprises at least one rib (11) configured to create said channel (C) by compressing said soil (T).

5. Seeding machine (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that said first pressing means (12) are configured to make said tape-like material (6) adhere to the surface of said channel (C) and accommodate said plurality of seeds.

6. Seeding machine (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises second pressing means (13) arranged downstream of said second distributing means (8) and configured to press said covering material into said channel (C).

7. Seeding machine (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises spraying means (14) interposed between said support means (4) and said first distributing means (7) and configured to deliver at least one flow of fluid onto said web-like material (6) spread on said ground (T).

8. Seeding machine (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that said tape-like material (6) is made with long, crossed fibres, in such a way as to guarantee sufficient porosity for the roots of the crop shoots to penetrate and therefore reach the underlying soil.

9. Seeding machine (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that said shaped roller (9) comprises two annular shoulders (16) which extend around the rotation axis (Y); said side wall (10) delimiting the bottom of a forming space (17) of said shaped roller (9) and said annular shoulders (16) laterally delimiting said forming space (17).

10. Seeding machine (1) according to one of claims 3, 4, 9, characterised in that said rib (11) is arranged substantially interposed and equidistant with respect to the annular edges (101) of said lateral wall(10) and / or with respect to said annular shoulders (16).1 1. Seeding machine (1) according to one of claims 3, 4, 9, 10, characterised in that said rib(1 1) defines a first height (d) with respect to the rotation axis (Y); said annular shoulders (16) define a second height (D) with respect to the rotation axis (Y); said first height (d) of said rib (11) is lower than said second height (D) of the annular shoulders (16).

12. Seeding machine (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that said covering material distributed by said second distributing means (8) comprises at least one inert material.

13. Seeding method, comprising at least the following operational steps: a) preparing at least one longitudinal channel (C) on a soil (T) to be cultivated; b) laying at least one tape-like material (6) on said soil (T) to cover at least said channel (C); c) distributing a plurality of seeds on said tape-like material (6) in correspondence with said channel (C); d) distributing a covering material on said seeds in correspondence with said channel (C).

14. Seeding method according to claim 8, characterised in that it comprises, following said phase b) of laying out said tape-like material (6), a first step of spraying at least one flow of fluid on said tape-like material (6) to make said tape-like material (6) adhere to said soil (T).

15. Seeding method according to claim 8 or 9, characterised in that said step a) involves creating said channel (C) by pressing the soil (T) defining a longitudinal groove.

Images