Movable backfilling and compacting apparatus in excavation system

Abstract

A movable backfilling and compacting apparatus in an excavation system according to the present invention comprises: a main body frame; and a backfilling and compacting module, having an inner empty space in communication with the inner area of the main body frame, for backfilling the excavated soil to the outside of a tunnel structure positioned behind the inner empty space and compacting the backfilled excavated soil. The backfilling and compacting module comprises: a backfilling unit for transferring excavated soil to the rear of the main body frame and backfilling the excavated soil to the outside of the corresponding tunnel structure; and a backfilling and compacting module for compacting the soil backfilled by the backfilling unit by horizontally pressing the soil against the excavation floor.

Description

Mobile backfill and compaction device for excavation systems

[0001] The present invention relates to a mobile backfill and compaction device of an excavation system that allows excavation work to be performed only underground without damaging the ground (road), unlike an open-cut excavation method.

[0002] Currently, the open-cut excavation method is being used to construct underground structures such as subway station installation sections and underpasses, both domestically and internationally.

[0003] This construction method involves excavating from the road surface to the ground, then backfilling with soil once the structure is complete. Specifically, traffic is blocked on one side of the road, H-piles are installed vertically above the road surface, and H-piles and backfilling plates are installed on top to allow vehicle passage. The same method is followed for the opposite lane, where construction is complete. Once the underground excavation is completed, the underground excavation begins.

[0004] If construction is carried out using this type of open-cut excavation method, it is inevitable that severe traffic congestion will occur for a long period of time from the start of construction until completion.

[0005] In addition, in terms of construction costs, there are disadvantages such as the installation costs of H-piles, backfill plates, belts, and earth anchors required for retaining walls for underground excavation, the cost of excavating a large amount of soil generated during underground excavation, the cost of transporting soil from outside, and the cost of transporting and backfilling the extracted soil back to the construction site after the structure is constructed.

[0006] The present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile backfill and compaction device of an excavation system that can solve the problems associated with the open-cut excavation method by allowing the excavation work to be performed only underground without damaging the ground (road), unlike the currently applied open-cut excavation method, when carrying out tunnel construction work to install underground subway operation sections, underground passageways, etc.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a mobile backfilling and compaction device for an excavation system that can drastically shorten the overall construction time and greatly reduce the cost by sequentially forming excavation holes to form a tunnel in the ground, and performing the installation work of a tunnel structure that substantially forms a tunnel, and the backfilling work of backfilling soil around the tunnel structure, simultaneously with the tunnel excavation hole formation work.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a main body frame having a tunnel structure disposed therein and an inner region in which the tunnel structure is disposed along an excavation direction and is open to the outside; and a backfilling and compaction module installed in the main body frame and having an inner empty space communicated with the inner region of the main body frame, the backfilling and compaction module being capable of backfilling excavated soil to the outside of the tunnel structure located at the rear thereof and compacting the backfilled excavated soil, wherein the backfilling and compaction module is a backfilling unit installed in the main body frame and transferring excavated soil excavated from the front side of the tunnel structure with respect to the excavation direction to the rear of the main body frame to backfill the excavated soil to the outside of the corresponding tunnel structure. And a mobile backfilling and compacting device of an excavation system is provided, which includes a compaction unit installed at the rear of the main body frame based on the excavation progress direction and horizontally compacts the soil backfilled by the backfilling unit in a horizontal direction with respect to the excavation bottom surface.

[0009] The backfill unit may include a conveyor belt for transporting and dropping excavated soil excavated from the front side of the tunnel structure to a chute installed at the rear side of the main body frame; a first excavated soil transport actuator installed at the chute and moving the excavated soil collected by being dropped into the chute upwardly outside the chute; and a second excavated soil transport actuator for dropping and backfilling the excavated soil moved upwardly by the first excavated soil transport actuator to the outside of the tunnel structure located at the rear of the backfill and compaction module.

[0010] The above first excavated soil transport actuator may have a cover that can close the front of the conveyor belt to prevent the excavated soil from being dropped into the chute through the conveyor belt during upward movement.

[0011] The compaction unit may include an upper compaction unit for compacting backfill soil located on the upper side of the tunnel structure with respect to the excavation floor surface; and left and right compaction units arranged on the left and right sides with the tunnel structure as the center for compacting backfill soil located on the left and right sides of the tunnel structure, and the upper compaction unit and the left and right compaction units may each include a first compaction unit having a flat plate and a first backfill soil compaction actuator for advancing or retreating the flat plate toward soil backfilled around the tunnel structure; and a second compaction unit having a plurality of compaction blocks inserted corresponding to a plurality of through holes formed in the flat plate and a second backfill soil compaction actuator for advancing or retreating the plurality of compaction blocks toward soil backfilled around the tunnel structure.

[0012] The backfilling and compaction module may further include a third compaction unit having an elevation actuator fixedly installed at the rear of the main body frame and having an elevation block connected to a load end thereof; and a third backfilling soil compaction actuator connected to the elevation block and having a lowest flat plate positioned below the flat plates of the left and right backfilling and compaction modules and moving the lowest flat plate forward or backward toward soil backfilled around the tunnel structure.

[0013] The above-mentioned lifting actuator can move the lowermost flat plate and the third backfill soil compaction actuator upwards by a certain amount or more from the excavation floor surface.

[0014] The flat plate of the upper compaction unit may be inclined so that its lower end is relatively closer to the main body frame than its upper end when viewed from the side, and the flat plates of the left and right compaction units may be inclined so that its lower end is relatively closer to the main body frame than its upper end when viewed from the side.

[0015] The flat plate of the upper compaction unit and the flat plate of the left and right compaction units can be connected flatly as a whole and positioned on one virtual plane when viewed from the side.

[0016] The upper compaction unit and the left and right compaction units each include a casing in which the first compaction part and the second compaction part are installed and form an outer appearance, and an empty space is formed between the casings of the upper compaction unit and the left and right compaction units so that the tunnel structure is arranged, and a brush may be installed on one side of the casing close to the tunnel structure to prevent a gap from forming with the tunnel structure.

[0017] The above brush may be made of any one of metal, rubber, and plastic.

[0018] According to the mobile backfilling and compaction device of the excavation system of the present invention described above, by sequentially forming excavation holes to form a tunnel in the ground and performing the tunnel structure installation work to actually form a tunnel and the soil backfilling work to backfill soil around the tunnel structure, simultaneously with the tunnel excavation hole formation work, the overall construction time required can be drastically shortened and the required cost can be greatly reduced.

[0019] Figure 1 is a perspective view showing an excavation system having a mobile backfill and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a partially exploded perspective view of Figure 1;

[0021] Figure 3 is a plan view of Figure 1;

[0022] Figure 4 is a drawing showing the driving state of the main frame movement control unit of the excavation system having a mobile backfill and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figures 5 and 6 are side views showing an excavation system having a mobile backfill and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] FIG. 7 is a drawing showing that the inner wall support of the excavation unit of the excavation system having a mobile backfill and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention is closely supported on the tunnel excavation surface.

[0025] Figure 8 is a perspective view showing a mobile pressurizing unit of an excavation system having a mobile backfill and compaction device of an excavation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figures 9 and 10 are cross-sectional views showing the coupling and operational relationship between the inner wall support of the upper excavation unit and the excavation unit moving pressurization unit in an excavation system having a mobile backfill and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] FIG. 11 is a drawing showing a casing of an excavation unit and an excavation unit moving roller in an excavation system having a mobile backfill and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the connection relationship between the inner wall support of the side excavation unit and the movable pressurization unit of the excavation system having a mobile backfill and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] FIG. 13 is a drawing showing an excavation unit in an excavation system having a mobile backfill and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figures 14 and 15 are convex views showing the control relationship of an excavation system having a mobile backfill and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 16 is a front view showing a backfill and compaction module of an excavation system having a movable backfill and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 17 is a side cross-sectional view showing a backfill and compaction module of an excavation system having a mobile backfill and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figures 18 to 21 are drawings sequentially showing the operating states of the backfill and compaction module in an excavation system having a mobile backfill and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figures 22 to 35 are drawings sequentially showing a construction process using an excavation system having a mobile backfill and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various different forms. These embodiments are provided solely to ensure complete disclosure of the present invention and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the invention. Like reference numerals throughout the drawings denote like elements.

[0036] The mobile backfill and compaction device of the excavation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention can solve the problems associated with the open-cut excavation method by allowing the excavation work to be carried out only underground without damaging the ground (road) when carrying out tunnel construction work to install underground subway sections, underpasses, etc., unlike the open-cut excavation method. In addition, the mobile backfill and compaction device of the excavation system according to an embodiment of the present invention can be equally applied to tunnel construction work for constructing above-ground tunnels.

[0037] In particular, the present invention allows the installation of a tunnel structure, which substantially forms a tunnel by sequentially forming excavation holes to form a tunnel underground, and the backfilling and compacting of soil around the tunnel structure, to be performed simultaneously and continuously along with the tunnel excavation hole formation work, thereby drastically shortening the overall construction time and greatly reducing the required costs.

[0038] To elaborate, rather than tunnel excavation hole formation work and soil backfilling and compaction work being carried out separately, the excavated soil generated during the tunnel excavation hole formation work can be used to simultaneously carry out tunnel excavation hole formation work, thereby allowing backfilling and compaction of the excavated soil to be carried out.

[0039]

[0040] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to various embodiments.

[0041] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, an excavation system having a mobile backfill and compaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention is for forming a tunnel in the ground, and includes a main body frame (100), a rail (200), and a main body frame movement control unit (300) (see FIG. 5).

[0042] In addition, the excavation system further includes an excavation unit (400) and a backfilling and compaction module (500).

[0043] The main body frame (100) is configured to be installed with an excavation unit (400) for excavating soil in front of the excavation direction, and a backfilling and compaction module (500) for backfilling and compacting the excavated soil generated through the excavation unit and the forklift excavation described later around the tunnel structure. The main body frame (100) is a framework for supporting external forces applied to the support device, such as the load of soil, and its shape and dimensions can be appropriately selected so as to support the external forces. Specifically, the excavation unit (400) is installed on the upper part and the left and right sides of the main body frame (100), and the backfilling and compaction module (500) is installed on the rear of the main body frame (100) based on the excavation direction.

[0044] The main body frame (100) is formed with a large empty space on the inside that allows a tunnel structure (30) to be installed therein, and the inner area where the tunnel structure (30) is arranged along the excavation direction is formed in a form that is open to the outside.

[0045] Here, as illustrated in FIG. 23, the excavation unit (400) is configured to form a plurality of perforation holes (10) spaced apart from each other in the earthen wall blocking the front of the excavation direction in which a tunnel is to be formed. The plurality of perforation holes (10) are formed spaced apart from each other so as to correspond to the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel structure (30), and as illustrated in FIG. 35, when the tunnel structure is formed in an angular rectangular shape, the plurality of perforation holes (10) can also be formed in a corresponding rectangular shape, and when the tunnel structure is formed in an arch shape, the plurality of perforation holes (10) can also be formed in a corresponding arch shape.

[0046] After forming multiple perforations (10) in this manner, the remaining portion of the front soil wall is excavated and expanded by using a forklift placed in the empty space inside the main body frame (100) to excavate the front portion to be excavated. This excavation unit (400) will be described in more detail below.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present invention, a backfilling and compaction module (500) is installed at the rear of the main body frame (100) based on the excavation progress direction. When an excavation hole (20) is formed at a certain distance or more using an excavation unit (400) and a forklift, etc., the backfilling and compaction module (500) supplies the excavated soil around the tunnel structure (30) located at the rear of the main body frame (100) and the backfilling and compaction module (500) and then compacts the excavated soil.

[0048] To elaborate, the tunnel structure (30) is initially fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the excavation hole (20) through concrete curing, etc. in the inner empty space of the main body frame (100), and as the tunnel formation work progresses as described later, the main body frame (100), the excavation unit (400), and the backfilling and compaction module (500) move forward, so that the already installed tunnel structure (30) is positioned at the rear of the main body frame (100) and the backfilling and compaction module (500). The backfilling and compaction module (500) compacts the excavated soil by backfilling it around the tunnel structure (30) described above.

[0049] The tunnel structure (30) is a concrete structure formed into a square (ㄷ-shaped structure) or arch shape through concrete curing, and the inside of this tunnel structure (30) becomes the actual driving space where subways, automobiles, etc. move.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present invention, soil excavated by an excavation unit (400) and a forklift is transported and supplied to a backfilling and compaction module (500) mounted on a main body frame (100), and the backfilling and compaction module (500) backfills the excavated soil around the outer periphery of a tunnel structure (30) and then compacts it to finish the work.

[0051] As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6, the rail (200) is installed parallel to the excavation direction of the excavation unit (400) on the bottom of the tunnel excavation surface (40) (see FIG. 7) for forming a tunnel. A support (210) is installed on the bottom of the tunnel excavation surface (40) to support the rail (200) from below in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the rail (200).

[0052] The main body frame movement control unit (300) is installed in the main body frame (100) to enable the main body frame (100) to move along the rail (200) or, in some cases, to prevent the main body frame (100) from moving.

[0053] To elaborate, when the excavation of the front soil wall by the excavation unit (400) is in progress or the excavation unit (400) is moving forward relative to the main body frame (100), it is preferable that the main body frame (100) be fixed so that it cannot move on the rail (200).

[0054] On the other hand, when it is desired to move the main body frame (100) toward the excavated front space, it is desirable for the main body frame (100) to be in a state where it can move on the rail.

[0055] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 14, the main body frame movement control unit (300) includes a main body frame movement roller (310), a main body frame movement control driving unit (320), a main body frame movement roller driving unit (330), and a main body frame movement control control unit (340).

[0056] The main body frame moving roller (310) is rotatably provided on the lower side of the main body frame (100), specifically on the bottom frame (110) of the main body frame (100) described below, so as to be in contact with the rail (200).

[0057] The main body frame movement control drive unit (320) moves the main body frame (100) toward or away from the rail (200) so that the main body frame movement roller (310) can selectively contact the rail (200).

[0058] Specifically, the main body frame movement control drive unit (320) is installed on the lower side of the main body frame (100), specifically, on the floor frame (110) described below, and moves the floor frame (110) downward so as to approach the rail (200) so that the main body frame movement roller (310) can come into contact with the rail (200). At this time, the main body frame (100) can move forward and backward along the rail (200) due to the contact state between the main body frame movement roller (310) and the rail (200).

[0059] Conversely, the main body frame movement control drive unit (320) moves the bottom frame (110) upward away from the rail (200) so that the main body frame movement roller (310) is not in contact with the rail (200). At this time, the main body frame (100) is unable to move along the rail due to the non-contact state between the main body frame movement roller and the rail.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present invention, the main body frame movement control drive unit (320) can be applied to a hydraulic jack, etc. installed on a floor frame (110), and is provided in multiple numbers spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of the main body frame corresponding to the excavation progress direction of the excavation unit (400). The main body frame movement control drive unit (320) includes a hydraulic jack main body and a reciprocating moving rod that is provided to be retractable to the outside of the hydraulic jack main body, and the reciprocating moving rod is arranged to be relatively closer to the rail (200) compared to the hydraulic jack main body.

[0061] The main body frame moving roller driving unit (330) rotates a plurality of main body frame moving rollers (310) in a forward and reverse direction, and the main body frame (100) can move along the rail (200) in the excavation progress direction or the opposite direction by the forward and reverse rotation of the main body frame moving rollers. Here, the main body frame moving roller driving unit (330) can be applied as an example, a hydraulic motor.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of main body frame moving rollers (310) are rotatably provided on the bottom frame (110), and rotate by driving the main body frame moving roller driving unit (330). The plurality of main body frame moving rollers can be driven simultaneously by one or more main body frame moving roller driving units. In addition, unlike the present embodiment in which all of the plurality of main body frame moving rollers (310) are driven to move the main body frame (100), only some of the plurality of main body frame moving rollers (310) may be driven depending on the load for moving the main body frame (100).

[0063] As shown in Fig. 4, the rail (200) is provided with first concave groove teeth (220) continuously along its longitudinal direction, and the main body frame moving roller (310) is provided with second concave groove teeth (311) along its circumferential direction to correspond with the first concave groove teeth (220).

[0064] Through the interlocking structure between the first concave groove tooth (220) and the second concave groove tooth (311), when the main body frame moving roller driving unit (330) rotates the main body frame moving roller (310), the main body frame (100) can move smoothly along the rail (200). Of course, at this time, the main body frame moving roller (310) and the rail (200) are in contact with each other by the main body frame moving control driving unit (320), i.e., a hydraulic jack, etc.

[0065] The main body frame movement control unit (340) controls the operation of the main body frame movement control drive unit (320) and the main body frame movement roller drive unit (330). That is, the main body frame movement control control unit (340) can control the operation of the hydraulic jack as the main body frame movement control drive unit and the hydraulic motor as the main body frame movement roller drive unit.

[0066] Here, the main body frame movement control unit (340) transmits a driving signal to the main body frame movement roller drive unit (330), i.e., the hydraulic motor, so that the main body frame movement roller (310) rotates forward or reverse only when the main body frame movement control drive unit (320) is driven so that the main body frame movement roller (310) comes into contact with the rail (200).

[0067] That is, the main body frame movement control unit controls the main body frame movement roller (310) to prevent the main body frame movement roller from rotating when the main body frame movement roller (310) is not in contact with the rail (200).

[0068] In this embodiment, the movement of the main body frame (100) by the main body frame moving roller (310) and the rail (200) is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and can be modified into various forms as long as the main body frame (100) can be moved. In addition, in this embodiment, a hydraulic jack or the like is exemplified as a means for restricting the movement of the main body frame (100), but the present invention is not limited thereto, and various forms of movement restriction means can be used as long as the movement of the main body frame (100) can be restricted.

[0069] Meanwhile, it becomes necessary to adjust the position of the excavation unit (400) installed on the upper side of the main body frame (100) and the upper side of the main body frame relative to the tunnel excavation surface floor by raising and lowering it according to the working environment. To elaborate, it becomes necessary to finely adjust the height of the excavation unit (400) relative to the tunnel excavation surface floor according to the height of the excavation area (excavation hole) to be excavated.

[0070] To this end, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 5, 6, and 28, the main body frame (100) includes a bottom frame (110), an upper frame (120), and an elevating unit (140).

[0071] The bottom frame (110) is formed in multiple pieces spaced apart from each other in the width direction of the excavation hole (20), and a main body frame movement roller (310) and a main body frame movement control drive unit (320) are installed, and constitute the lowest part of the main body frame (100).

[0072] The upper frame (120) is connected to the upper side of the bottom frame (110) and is configured to have an excavation unit (400) installed thereon.

[0073] The lifting unit (140) is provided between the floor frame (110) and the upper frame (120) and is configured to raise and lower the upper frame (120) relative to the floor frame (110).

[0074] Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the lifting unit (140) includes a lifting bracket (141) and a lifting jack (143).

[0075] The lifting bracket (141) is provided on the upper part of the floor frame (110) and is formed to have a channel-shaped cross-section so that a concave mounting groove (142) is formed on the inner side. In contrast, the main body frame moving roller (310) and the main body frame moving control driving unit (320) are provided on the lower part of the floor frame (110) facing the rail (200).

[0076] The lifting jack (143) is a type of hydraulic jack and is installed on the bottom of the mounting groove (142), and its driving can be controlled by the same control unit as the main body frame movement roller control unit for controlling the driving of the main body frame movement control drive unit (320) described above, or by another separate hydraulic control unit.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present invention, when the upper frame (120) is raised and lowered by the lifting drive of the lifting unit (140), it is preferable that the lower side of the upper frame (120) is partially inserted into the fixing groove (142) so that the upper frame (120) can be raised and lowered stably in an upright state without shaking left and right or forward and backward.

[0078] In addition, as shown in Fig. 5, in order to ensure that the upper frame (120) is raised and lowered more stably without shaking, a guide groove (145) and a guide protrusion (146) structure are provided on the inner surface of the lifting bracket (141) and the outer surface of the upper frame (120) to guide the up and down slide movement.

[0079] Here, the guide grooves (145) and guide protrusions (146) are each formed in multiple numbers and are formed long along the height direction in which the upper frame (120) is raised and lowered. When the guide protrusions (146) are formed on the inner surface of the lifting bracket (141), the guide grooves (145) are formed at corresponding positions on the outer surface of the upper frame (120). The guide grooves and guide protrusions may also be formed at positions opposite to those described above.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present invention, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6, the upper frame (120) includes a plurality of left vertical frames (121), a plurality of right vertical frames (122) spaced apart from the plurality of left vertical frames (121), a plurality of horizontal frames (124) connected to the upper ends of the plurality of left vertical frames (121) and the right vertical frame (122), and an excavation unit support frame (125) connected to the upper ends of the plurality of horizontal frames (124) to support a portion of the excavation unit (400) downward.

[0081] Here, the left vertical frame (121) and the right vertical frame (122) serve as pillars of the main body frame (100) and may have a size capable of supporting a load. In the drawing, the width of the vertical frame (121) (122) in the front-back direction (excavation direction) is shown to be smaller than the width of the main body frame movement control unit (300). However, the width of the vertical frame (121) (122) in the front-back direction may be larger than the width of the main body frame movement control unit (300), and in this case, the movement control unit (300) is positioned inside the width of the main body frame movement control unit (300) in the front-back direction.

[0082] The excavation unit support frame (125) is formed long in a direction that intersects a plurality of horizontal frames (124), that is, in a direction that is approximately perpendicular to the excavation progress direction of the excavation unit (400), and is provided in multiple numbers spaced apart from each other along one direction of the horizontal frame corresponding to the excavation progress direction.

[0083] Here, a space larger than a certain volume is provided in the inner area of ​​the plurality of left vertical frames (121), right vertical frames (122), and horizontal frames (124), so that excavation equipment such as the aforementioned forklift can be placed.

[0084] In addition, as described above, installation work of a tunnel structure (30) can be carried out in the inner area of ​​the left vertical frame (121), the right vertical frame (122), and the horizontal frame (124) while tunnel excavation work is in progress. To elaborate, this tunnel structure installation work can be carried out regardless of whether excavation work by the excavation unit (400) is in progress.

[0085] In an embodiment of the present invention, the excavation unit (400) is installed on a plurality of left vertical frames (121), a plurality of right vertical frames (122), and an excavation unit support frame (125), respectively.

[0086] In addition, the excavation units (400) are formed in multiple units spaced apart from each other, and are installed in multiple units spaced apart from each other along the height direction of the multiple left vertical frames (121) and the multiple right vertical frames (122).

[0087] In addition, the excavation unit (400) is arranged in a plurality of positions on the upper side of the plurality of excavation unit support frames (125) so that the plurality of excavation unit support frames are spaced apart from each other in a direction that is perpendicular to the direction in which the plurality of excavation unit support frames are spaced apart from each other, that is, the plurality of horizontal frames are spaced apart from each other.

[0088] In an embodiment of the present invention, the excavation unit (400) is installed to be able to move relative to a plurality of left vertical frames (121), a plurality of right vertical frames (122), and a plurality of excavation unit support frames (125).

[0089] In addition, the excavation unit (400) is connected so that relative movement with respect to the main body frame (100) can be permitted or restricted, and is configured so that relative movement is possible as needed.

[0090] Specifically, the excavation unit (400) includes an upper excavation unit (401) and a side excavation unit (402).

[0091] The upper excavation unit (401) is installed on the upper side of a plurality of excavation unit support frames (125) and is installed to be able to move forward relative to the main body frame (100), i.e., the excavation unit support frame (125), corresponding to the excavation progress direction.

[0092] The side excavation unit (402) is installed on a plurality of left vertical frames (121) and right vertical frames (122), and is installed to be able to move forward relative to the main body frame (100), i.e., the left vertical frame (121) and the right vertical frame (122), corresponding to the excavation progress direction.

[0093] To elaborate, the excavation unit (400) is installed to be able to move relative to the main body frame (100) in a forward direction corresponding to the excavation progress direction. To this end, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 8 to 11, a separate excavation unit movement pressure unit (700) that enables such relative movement is provided in each of the plurality of left vertical frames (121), right vertical frames (122), and excavation unit support frames (125).

[0094] That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, the excavation unit (400) and the backfilling and compaction module (500) move forward and backward together with the main body frame (100) when the main body frame (100) moves forward and backward along the rail (200), and the excavation unit (400) can move forward relative to the main body frame (100) in the excavation progress direction.

[0095] In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of left vertical frames (121), a plurality of right vertical frames (122), and a plurality of excavation unit support frames (125) are each provided with an excavation unit movement pressurization unit (700) for allowing the excavation unit (400) to move relative to the main body frame (100) and for pressing the excavation unit (400) against the inner wall surface of the tunnel excavation surface.

[0096] That is, as illustrated in FIGS. 8 to 11, the excavation unit (400) includes an excavation perforation part (410) that excavates the front soil wall to form a perforation hole (10), an inner wall support part (420) that can pressurize and support not only the inner wall surface of the perforation hole excavated by the excavation perforation part (410) but also the inner wall surface of the tunnel excavation surface that is formed wider as the tunnel excavation work gradually progresses, and a casing (440) in which the excavation perforation part (410) and the inner wall support part (420) are installed and form an outer appearance. In the present embodiment, the casing (440) is exemplified as having a rectangular cross-section, but unlike the present embodiment, the casing (440) may have various shapes, such as an H-beam with an I-shaped cross-section or a T-shaped beam.

[0097] Here, the excavation hole (410) and the inner wall support (420) are installed in the casing (440).

[0098] The excavation unit moving pressurization unit (700) can move the excavation perforation (410) and the inner wall support (420) installed in the casing (440) forward relative to the main body frame (100) as described above. In addition, the excavation unit moving pressurization unit (700) can move the inner wall support (420) in a direction away from the main body frame (100) (in the direction toward the upper inner wall surface of the tunnel excavation surface and the left and right inner wall surfaces of the tunnel excavation surface) so that the inner wall support (420) can contact and support the upper inner wall surface and the left and right inner wall surfaces of the tunnel excavation surface while applying a pressure higher than a certain level, and can restore the position in the opposite direction.

[0099] Here, the reason for moving the excavation unit (400) relative to the front of the main body frame (100) is, in addition to the purpose of excavating the front part of the earth wall continuously and sequentially, to support the inner wall of the drilling hole (10) by moving the front part of the excavation unit (400) inside the drilling hole (10) before additional excavation with a forklift and to prevent it from collapsing.

[0100] In addition, the reason for applying pressure to the excavation unit (400) in the direction of the upper inner wall surface and the left and right inner wall surfaces of the tunnel excavation surface is to stably support the excavated tunnel excavation surface in contact with it and prevent it from collapsing.

[0101] The detailed structure of the excavation unit (400) including the excavation perforation (410), the inner wall support (420), and the casing (440) will be described later.

[0102] Below, the excavation unit moving pressurization unit (700) is described in detail.

[0103] In an embodiment of the present invention, the excavation unit moving pressurization units (700) are provided in multiple locations spaced apart from each other along directions corresponding to the longitudinal directions of all excavation units (400). Specifically, the excavation unit moving pressurization units (700) are not only installed on all excavation unit support frames (125), but are also provided in multiple locations spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of each individual excavation unit support frame (125).

[0104] In addition, the excavation unit moving pressurization unit (700) is not only installed on all left vertical frames (121) and right vertical frames (122), but is also provided in multiple numbers spaced apart from each other along the length direction for each left vertical frame (121) and right vertical frame (122).

[0105] That is, the excavation unit moving pressurization units (700) are provided in multiple numbers spaced apart from each other in accordance with the longitudinal direction of the excavation unit (400). To this end, the excavation unit support frame (125), the left vertical frame (121), and the right vertical frame (122) are provided in multiple numbers spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction.

[0106] Specifically, as illustrated in FIGS. 8 to 11 and 15, the excavation unit moving pressure unit (700) includes an excavation unit moving roller (710), an excavation unit moving control drive unit (720), an excavation unit moving roller drive unit (730), and an excavation unit moving control control unit (740).

[0107] The excavation unit moving roller (710) is rotatably provided on the excavation unit support frame (125), the left vertical frame (121), and the right vertical frame (122) so as to be in contact with the casing (440) of the excavation unit (400).

[0108] The excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) allows the excavation unit (400) to approach or move away from the excavation unit support frame (125), the left vertical frame (121), and the right vertical frame (122) so that the excavation unit movement roller (710) can selectively contact the casing (440) of the excavation unit (400). The casing (440) is provided with a structure that allows the casing (440) to move linearly when the excavation unit movement roller (710) rotates by contacting the excavation unit movement roller (710), which will be described later.

[0109] To elaborate, the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) causes the excavation unit (400) to approach or move away from the tunnel excavation surface (upper inner wall surface of the tunnel excavation surface, left and right inner wall surfaces of the tunnel excavation surface).

[0110] Specifically, the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) is installed on the excavation unit support frame (125), the left vertical frame (121), and the right vertical frame (122), and may be provided as a pair spaced apart from each other with the excavation unit movement roller (710) interposed therebetween. However, this is only one example, and the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) may be provided in a greater number.

[0111] The excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) can move the lower part of the casing (440) of the excavation unit (400) so that it approaches the excavation unit movement roller (710), thereby allowing the excavation unit movement roller (710) to come into contact with the casing (440). At this time, the excavation unit (400) can move in the excavation progress direction when the excavation unit movement roller rotates due to the contact state between the excavation unit movement roller (710) and the casing (440).

[0112] Conversely, the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) can move the lower portion of the casing (440) of the excavation unit (400) away from the excavation unit movement roller (710) so that the excavation unit movement roller (710) does not contact the casing (440). At this time, the excavation unit (400) cannot move in the excavation progress direction even if the excavation unit movement roller (710) rotates due to the non-contact state between the excavation unit movement roller (710) and the casing (440).

[0113] In addition, when the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) is driven so that the casing (440) of the upper excavation unit (401) installed on the upper side of the excavation unit support frame (125) approaches the excavation unit movement roller (710), the upper excavation unit (401) moves downward due to its own weight, and at this time, contact is made between the lower part of the casing (440) of the upper excavation unit (401) and the excavation unit movement roller (710).

[0114] Meanwhile, as illustrated in FIG. 12, elastic members (750) are provided between the left vertical frame (121) and the side excavation unit (402), and between the right vertical frame (122) and the side excavation unit (402), which always apply an elastic force in the direction in which the side excavation unit (402) approaches the left vertical frame (121) and the right vertical frame (122). These elastic members (750) may be applied as a plurality of tension springs. Accordingly, unless the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) drives the side excavation unit (402) in the direction in which it is separated from the left vertical frame and the right vertical frame, the casing of the side excavation unit (402) and the excavation unit movement roller (710) can always be in contact.

[0115] On the other hand, when the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) drives the side excavation unit (402) to be spaced apart from the left vertical frame (121) and the right vertical frame (122), the casing (440) of the side excavation unit (402) and the excavation unit movement roller (710) can have a non-contact state. To this end, it is preferable that the driving force of the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) be greater than the elastic restoring force of the elastic member (750) by a certain degree, and when the driving force of the excavation unit movement control drive unit is removed, the side excavation unit moves in the direction of contacting the excavation unit movement roller (710) by the elastic restoring force of the elastic member (750). It moves in the direction of contacting the excavation unit movement roller (710) by the elastic restoring force. One end of the elastic member (750) may be fixedly installed on the left vertical frame (121) or the right vertical frame (122), but the other end of the elastic member (750) may be installed in a form that allows sliding movement in the excavation direction on the casing (440) but does not come off in the direction of approaching and leaving the vertical frame (121)(122). For example, a structure may be adopted in which a sliding member is joined to the other end of the elastic member (750) in cross section and the sliding member is inserted into a guide groove formed in the casing (440) in the excavation direction so that the sliding member can move along the guide groove but does not come off in the direction of approaching and leaving the vertical frame (121)(122). By means of this structure, even if the casing (440) moves in the excavation direction with respect to the vertical frame (121)(122), the elastic member (750) can exert an elastic force that can pull the casing (440) toward the vertical frame (121)(122) while one end thereof is fixed to the vertical frame (121)(122).

[0116] Meanwhile, unlike the present embodiment, the elastic member (750) may be deleted, and the end of the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) may be installed in a form that allows sliding movement in the casing (440) in the excavation direction, but does not come off in the direction of approaching and leaving the vertical frame (121)(122). For example, a structure may be adopted in which a sliding member is installed in the end of the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720), and the sliding member is inserted into a guide groove formed in the casing (440) in the excavation direction, so that the sliding member can move along the guide groove, but does not come off in the direction of approaching and leaving the vertical frame (121)(122).

[0117] In an embodiment of the present invention, the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) can be applied as a hydraulic jack, etc., and can be provided on both sides with the excavation unit movement roller (710) in between, for example. In this way, a three-piece structure consisting of the excavation unit movement control drive unit - the excavation unit movement roller - the excavation unit movement control drive unit is provided in multiple numbers spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of the excavation unit support frame (125), the left vertical frame (121), and the right vertical frame (122).

[0118] The excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) includes a hydraulic jack body and a reciprocating moving rod that is provided to extend outward from the hydraulic jack body, and the reciprocating moving rod is positioned relatively closer to the casing of the excavation unit (400) compared to the hydraulic jack body. That is, when the excavation unit movement control drive unit is driven, the reciprocating moving rod can directly contact the casing of the excavation unit.

[0119] The excavation unit moving roller drive unit (730) rotates the excavation unit moving roller (710) in a forward and reverse direction, and by the forward and reverse rotation of the excavation unit moving roller, the excavation unit (400) can move forward in the excavation progress direction or in the opposite direction. Here, the excavation unit moving roller drive unit (730) can be applied as an example, a hydraulic motor.

[0120] In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of excavation unit moving rollers (710) are rotatably provided on the excavation unit support frame (125), the left vertical frame (121), and the right vertical frame (122), and rotate by driving the excavation unit moving roller driving unit (730), and a plurality of excavation unit moving rollers can be driven simultaneously by one or several excavation unit moving roller driving units.

[0121] As shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, a third concave groove tooth (441) is continuously provided along the longitudinal direction of the lower portion of the casing (440) of the excavation unit (400) facing the excavation unit moving roller (710), and a fourth concave groove tooth (711) is formed on the excavation unit moving roller (710) along the circumferential direction to correspond with the third concave groove tooth (441).

[0122] Through the interlocking joint structure between the third concave groove tooth (441) and the fourth concave groove tooth (711), when the excavation unit moving roller drive unit (730) rotates the excavation unit moving roller (710), the excavation unit (400) can move smoothly along the excavation progress direction. Of course, at this time, the excavation unit moving roller (710) and the casing (440) of the excavation unit are in contact with each other by the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720), i.e., the hydraulic jack drive, etc.

[0123] The excavation unit movement control unit (740) controls the operation of the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) and the excavation unit movement roller drive unit (730). That is, the excavation unit movement control control unit (740) can control the operation of the hydraulic jack as the excavation unit movement control drive unit and the hydraulic motor as the excavation unit movement roller drive unit (720).

[0124] Here, the excavation unit movement control unit (740) transmits a driving signal to the excavation unit movement roller drive unit (730), i.e., the hydraulic motor, so that the excavation unit movement roller (710) rotates forward or reverse only when the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) is driven so that the lower part of the casing (440) of the excavation unit (400) comes into contact with the excavation unit movement roller (710).

[0125] That is, the excavation unit movement control unit controls the excavation unit movement roller to prevent rotation when there is no contact between the lower part of the casing (440) of the excavation unit (400) and the excavation unit movement roller (710).

[0126] In this embodiment, the excavation unit (400) is moved in the excavation progress direction by the excavation unit moving roller (710) and the third concave groove tooth (441) of the casing (440), but the present invention is not limited thereto, and can be modified into various forms as long as the excavation unit (400) can be moved, such as a hydraulic cylinder and a rail. In addition, in this embodiment, a hydraulic jack or the like is exemplified as a means for restricting the movement of the excavation unit (400), but the present invention is not limited thereto, and various forms of movement restriction means can be used as long as the movement of the excavation unit (400) can be restricted.

[0127] Also, in this embodiment, the casing (400) is moved forward and backward by interlocking the third concave tooth (441) of the casing (400) with the fourth concave tooth (711) of the excavation unit moving roller (710) to rotate the excavation unit moving roller (710). However, unlike this embodiment, the third concave tooth (441) of the casing (400) and the fourth concave tooth (711) of the excavation unit moving roller (710) are each deleted, and the excavation unit moving roller (710) without the fourth concave tooth (711) is made to directly contact the bottom surface of the casing (400) from which the third concave tooth (441) has been deleted, and then the casing (400) is driven forward and backward using a driving cylinder or the like, thereby moving the casing (400) in the excavation direction. At this time, the driving cylinder can be installed at the rear of the casing (400).

[0128] As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 9, and 10, in an embodiment of the present invention, a guide plate (760) is provided on each of the excavation unit support frame (125), the left vertical frame (121), and the right vertical frame (122) to guide the forward and backward movement of the excavation unit (400) from the side in the excavation progress direction.

[0129] The guide plate (760) guides both sides of the casing (440) of the excavation unit (400) to minimize the excavation unit from shaking left and right and up and down when the excavation unit moves forward (including backward). A slide bearing (761) is provided on the inner surface of the guide plate (760) facing the casing of the excavation unit to reduce frictional resistance between the casing (440) of the excavation unit (400) during the forward movement.

[0130]

[0131] Hereinafter, the excavation unit (400) will be described in detail. The upper excavation unit (401) installed on the upper side of the excavation unit support frame (125) and the side excavation unit (402) installed on the left vertical frame (121) and the right vertical frame (122) have substantially the same structure, and for convenience of explanation, the description will focus on the upper excavation unit.

[0132] As illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, 9, 10, and 13, the excavation unit (400) includes an excavation perforation part (410) that excavates a front soil wall to form a perforation hole (10), an inner wall support part (420) that can pressurize and support not only the inner wall surface of the perforation hole excavated by the excavation perforation part (410) but also the inner wall surface of the tunnel excavation surface that is formed wider as the tunnel excavation work gradually progresses, and a casing (440) in which the excavation perforation part (410) and the inner wall support part are installed and forms an outer appearance.

[0133] The excavation hole (410) and the inner wall support (420) are mounted on the imaginary casing (400).

[0134] The excavation perforation part (410) is installed in front of the casing (440) and is not only provided to be rotatable by a separate driving source, but also is movable in the excavation progress direction with respect to the casing (440) by a separate driving source, so as to excavate the front soil wall to be excavated and form a perforation hole (10). Various rotary driving means such as a hydraulic motor can be used for the rotational driving of the excavation perforation part (410), and various known linear driving means such as a ball screw or a hydraulic cylinder can also be used for the linear driving of the excavation perforation part (410) in the excavation direction.

[0135] The excavation borehole (410) may be equipped with a screw that excavates soil by rotation, and may also include various tools such as a breaker for crushing rocks, a rock boring machine for boring rocks, etc. In addition, the excavation borehole (410) may be equipped with interchangeable tools so that appropriate tools (screws, breakers, rock boring machines, etc.) can be used depending on the type of geological structure to be bored, such as soil or rocks.

[0136] The excavation perforation part (410) can be moved further forward from the casing (440) to perform the perforation hole formation work, and is configured to be reciprocally movable in the forward and backward directions, so that when the perforation hole formation work is completed, the protruding state can be moved backward to return to the initial state.

[0137] As illustrated in FIG. 9, FIG. 10, and FIG. 13, the inner wall support (420) includes a plurality of pressure plates (421) spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of the casing (440), and a pressure plate drive unit (426) that changes the state of the plurality of pressure plates (421) so that they are inclined with respect to the casing (440).

[0138] A plurality of pressure plates (421) are installed on the outside of the casing (440), and the pressure plate driving unit (426) is connected to the plurality of pressure plates (421) with at least a portion of the pressure plate driving unit (426) being placed on the inside of the casing (440).

[0139] In an embodiment of the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the pressure plate drive unit (426) presses the pressure plates (421) toward the tunnel excavation surface so that the pressure plates (421) are inclined relative to the casing (440) while connecting a pair of pressure plates (421) that are arranged close to each other. In other words, the state of the pair of pressure plates (421) can be changed to be inclined relative to the bottom surface of the casing (440).

[0140] That is, the pressure plate drive unit (426) presses all the pressure plates (421) provided in the excavation unit (400) toward the tunnel excavation surface to bring them into close contact, and is configured to connect all pairs of pressure plates (421) arranged close to each other.

[0141] In an embodiment of the present invention, a long hole (422) is formed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the casing (440) in the pressure plate (421). Specifically, the pressure plate (421) includes a pressure plate body (423) and a plurality of pressure plate brackets (424) integrally connected to the lower side of the pressure plate body (423), and the long holes (422) are formed in the plurality of pressure plate brackets (424). The plurality of long holes (422) formed in each of the plurality of pressure plate brackets (424) are arranged in a row when viewed from the side, and a steel bar (425) is coupled so as to penetrate the plurality of long holes (422).

[0142] The pressure plate drive unit (426) is fixedly installed at least partially inside the casing (440), and one side thereof is connected to the steel bar (425), thereby operating to push the steel bar (425) away from the casing (440) or pull it in the opposite direction.

[0143] Specifically, as illustrated in FIGS. 7, 9, and 10, for example, the pressure plate drive unit (426) may include a pair of lifting bars (427) connected to a steel bar (425) and a rotating body (428) that drives the pair of lifting bars (427) to move up and down.

[0144] Here, the lifting bar (427) may have a screw-joined structure with the rotating body (428), and may have a mutually coupled structure so that the lifting bar (427) is raised and lowered by the rotating body (428).

[0145] The rotating body (428) may be provided in multiple numbers, each connected to an individual lifting bar (427) so as to raise and lower only one lifting bar (427), or alternatively, may be connected integrally to a pair of lifting bars (427) so as to raise and lower a pair of lifting bars (427) simultaneously.

[0146] In addition, the rotating body (428) may be formed as one piece and may be integrally connected to four lifting bars (427) so as to simultaneously raise and lower four lifting bars (427) arranged adjacent to each other.

[0147] In addition, the pressure plate drive unit (426) may be connected to a steel bar (425) and various lifting drive sources such as a hydraulic jack that raises and lowers the steel bar (425) may be applied.

[0148] In an embodiment of the present invention, an excavation borehole (410) forms a borehole in a front excavation wall, and a forklift excavates around it to form a tunnel excavation surface (40), and a pressure plate (421) is pressed toward the tunnel excavation surface (40) by a pressure plate driving unit (426) to support the tunnel excavation surface so as not to collapse while being in close contact with the tunnel excavation surface.

[0149] In addition, since the pressure plate (421) is in close contact with the tunnel excavation surface and supports the earth pressure, it is possible to prevent an eccentric load from being applied to the main body frame (100), and to fundamentally block the occurrence of twisting and local buckling of the main body frame (100), thereby increasing the safety of the entire device.

[0150] At this time, the inner wall of the tunnel excavation surface (40) may be formed in an overall smooth flat shape, but in most cases, it is formed in a curved shape.

[0151] In the present invention, when the inner wall of the tunnel excavation surface (40) is formed in a curved shape, as shown in FIG. 7, by driving the pressure plate driving unit (426) to rotate a plurality of pressure plates (421) so as to be inclined with respect to the casing (440), the tunnel excavation surface can be pressurized and supported while being stably contacted with the curved tunnel excavation surface.

[0152] The above-described operation can be implemented by forming a hole (422) in the pressure plate (421), connecting a steel bar (425) along the hole (422) to be movable, and raising and lowering the steel bar (425) by connecting a pressure plate driving unit (426) to the steel bar (425).

[0153] In an embodiment of the present invention, as illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, and 13, the casing (440) of the excavation unit (400) adjacent to the backfilling and compaction module (500) is extended rearwardly to cover the upper side of the casing (528) of the upper compaction unit (521) of the backfilling and compaction module (500), and a roller is provided between the casing (440) extended rearwardly and the casing (528) so as to enable smooth movement when the excavation unit (400) moves forward relative to the main body frame (100). This roller may be installed on the upper side of the casing (528) or on the lower side of the pressure plate (421), but it is more preferable to be fixedly installed on the upper side of the casing (528) of the upper compaction unit (521).

[0154]

[0155] Below, the backfilling and compaction module (500) is described in detail.

[0156] As illustrated in FIGS. 16 to 21, the backfilling and compaction module (500) performs the function of backfilling and firmly compacting the excavated soil at the rear of the tunnel structure (30) while tunnel excavation work is being performed. The tunnel structure (30) is installed lengthwise along the excavation direction so as to penetrate the inner empty space of the main body frame (100) and the inner empty space of the backfilling and compaction module (500).

[0157] Specifically, the backfilling and compaction module (500) does not backfill and compact the excavated soil around the tunnel structure (30) installed in the inner empty space of the main body frame (100), but performs the work on the rear part of the tunnel structure (30) located behind the tunnel structure (30) arranged on the inner side of the main body frame (100) based on the excavation progress direction. In addition, the work of backfilling and compacting the excavated soil in the corresponding part of the tunnel structure (30) arranged on the inner side of the main body frame (100) is performed after the excavation work progresses further along the excavation progress direction and the main body frame (100) and the backfilling and compaction module (500) are further moved forward along the excavation progress direction. This backfilling and compaction work is performed repeatedly, and as the tunnel excavation work progresses forward, the tunnel structure (30) is also formed sequentially forward.

[0158] As shown in FIGS. 16 to 21, the backfilling and compaction module (500) is installed to be connected to the main body frame (100), and an inner empty space is formed that is connected to the inner area (inner empty space) of the main body frame (100), and is configured to backfill excavated soil to the outside of a tunnel structure (30) located at the rear thereof and compact the backfilled excavated soil.

[0159] In an embodiment of the present invention, the backfilling and compaction module (500) includes a backfilling unit (510) and a compaction unit (520).

[0160] As shown in FIGS. 16 to 21, the backfill unit (510) is installed in the main body frame (100), and transfers the excavated soil excavated from the front side of the tunnel structure (30) in the excavation direction to the rear side of the main body frame (100), and drops the excavated soil to the outside of the corresponding tunnel structure (30), backfilling the area around the tunnel structure (upper, left and right sides).

[0161] Specifically, the backfill unit (510) includes a conveyor belt (511), a first excavated soil transport actuator (512), and a second excavated soil transport actuator (516).

[0162] The conveyor belt (511) transports the excavated soil excavated from the front side of the tunnel structure (30) to the chute (518) installed at the rear side of the main body frame (100) and drops it for disposal. In addition, the conveyor belt (511) may be installed at the lower part of the upper frame (120) of the main body frame (100), and may be provided in multiple numbers spaced apart in the width direction of the main body frame (100).

[0163] Although not specifically shown in the drawing, another conveyor belt can be connected to the front side of the conveyor belt (511), i.e., the front side based on the excavation direction, so as to be inclined with the excavation bottom surface, and the excavated soil contained by a separate hopper is transported backward along the conveyor belt (511) together with the conveyor belt connected to the excavation bottom surface.

[0164] At the rear of the main body frame (100), a plurality of chutes (518) are provided so as to be partitioned by separate bulkheads along the width direction of the main body frame (100), and a plurality of conveyor belts (511) transport the excavated soil toward the corresponding chutes (518).

[0165] The first excavated soil transport actuator (512) is installed in each of the plurality of chutes (518) and moves the excavated soil collected by being dropped into the chutes (518) upwardly outside the chutes (518). The first excavated soil transport actuator (512) may include a soil support plate (514) and a cylinder for raising and lowering the soil support plate (514), and the cylinder may be applied as a hydraulic cylinder, etc.

[0166] The second excavated soil transport actuator (516) drops the excavated soil moved upward by the first excavated soil transport actuator (512) to the outside of the tunnel structure (30) located at the rear of the backfilling and compaction module (500) to backfill the upper and left and right sides of the corresponding tunnel structure section.

[0167] The second excavation soil transport actuator (516) is installed in multiple numbers to correspond to the plurality of first excavation soil transport actuators (512), and may include a push plate (517) and a cylinder that moves the push plate (517) forward and backward, and the cylinder may be applied as a hydraulic cylinder, etc.

[0168] Meanwhile, if the excavated soil is continuously transported toward the chute (518) by the conveyor belt (511) while the soil support plate (514) is raised above a certain level, the excavated soil may fall to the inner floor of the chute (518), causing damage to the cylinder of the first excavated soil transport actuator.

[0169] To compensate for this, the first excavated soil transport actuator (512) has a cover plate (515) that can close the front of the conveyor belt (511) to prevent the excavated soil from being dropped into the chute (518) via the conveyor belt (511) during upward movement. Accordingly, the excavated soil transported along the conveyor belt (511) is blocked by the cover plate (515), thereby limiting its falling into the chute.

[0170] In addition, the present invention can detect the rising height of the soil support plate (514) and control the operation of the motor driving the conveyor belt (511) to be stopped when it is confirmed that the soil support plate (514) has risen above a certain level. In this case, if a cover plate (515) is provided, the dropping of excavated soil into the chute (518) can be prevented more reliably.

[0171] Next, as shown in FIGS. 16 to 21, the compaction unit (520) includes an upper compaction unit (521) and left and right compaction units (531).

[0172] The upper compaction unit (521) compacts the backfill soil backfilled on the upper side of the tunnel structure (30) against the excavation floor surface, and the left and right compaction units (531) are arranged on the left and right sides with the tunnel structure (30) as the center and compact the backfill soil backfilled on the left and right sides of the tunnel structure.

[0173] In addition, the excavated soil is dropped and backfilled on the upper side and left and right sides of the tunnel structure (30) by the backfill unit (510) mentioned above, and the backfill soil refers to soil that is pushed by the second excavated soil transport actuator (516) and dropped around the tunnel structure (30). The compaction unit (520) pressurizes the backfilled soil laterally to sufficiently compact it so that it does not collapse. In this embodiment, the compaction unit (520) exemplifies compacting the soil by pressing it, but unlike this embodiment, the compaction unit (520) may also compact the soil by vibration. In addition, unlike this embodiment, the compaction unit (520) may have both the function of pressing the soil and the function of vibrating the soil. To this end, a vibration device for generating vibration may be additionally installed in the compaction block (526) and the flat plate (523).

[0174] As shown in FIGS. 16 to 21, the upper compaction unit (521) and the left and right compaction units (531) each have a substantially similar configuration, including a first compaction section (522) and a second compaction section (525).

[0175] The first compaction unit (522) has a flat plate (523) and a first backfill soil compaction actuator (524) that moves the flat plate (523) forward or backward toward the backfilled soil around the tunnel structure (30). Here, a plurality of through holes are formed in the flat plate (523) spaced apart from each other.

[0176] The second compaction unit (525) has a plurality of compaction blocks (526) and a second backfill soil compaction actuator (527) that moves the plurality of compaction blocks (526) forward or backward toward the soil backfilled around the tunnel structure (30). Here, the plurality of compaction blocks (526) are arranged to be inserted corresponding to a plurality of through holes formed in the flat plate (523). Here, the first backfill soil compaction actuator and the second backfill soil compaction actuator can each be applied as a hydraulic cylinder, etc.

[0177] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first backfill soil compaction actuator (524) and the second backfill soil compaction actuator (527) move the flat plate (523) and the compaction block (526) back and forth while pressing the backfill soil horizontally against the excavation bottom surface.

[0178] In an embodiment of the present invention, the compaction unit (520) further includes an elevation actuator (533) and a third compaction unit (535).

[0179] As shown in FIGS. 16 to 21, the lifting actuator (533) is fixedly installed at the rear of the main body frame (100), and a lifting block (534) is connected to the rod end thereof.

[0180] The lifting actuator (533) can be applied as a hydraulic cylinder having a cylinder body and a rod, wherein the cylinder body is fixedly installed to the rear of the main body frame (100) through a separate structure, and the rod is configured to protrude downward from the cylinder body. Accordingly, when the rod moves forward and backward, i.e., moves up and down, the lifting block (534) also moves up and down.

[0181] The third compaction unit (535) is connected to the lifting block (534), and as shown in FIGS. 16 to 21, has a lowermost flat plate (536) located below the flat plate (523) of the left and right compaction units (531), and a third backfill soil compaction actuator (537) that moves the lowermost flat plate (536) forward or backward toward the soil backfilled around the tunnel structure (30). The third backfill soil compaction actuator (537) can be applied as a hydraulic cylinder or the like, and is integrally connected to the lifting block (534) by a separate structure.

[0182] The lowermost flat plate (536) is used to compact the lowermost portion of the backfill soil by applying pressure in a horizontal direction, and can compact by moving back and forth by driving the third backfill soil compaction actuator.

[0183] Therefore, when the lifting actuator (533) is operated to lift, the lifting block (534) and the third backfill soil compaction actuator (537) can be lifted simultaneously.

[0184] In an embodiment of the present invention, the lifting actuator (533) moves the lowermost flat plate (536) and the third backfill soil compaction actuator (537) upwards by a certain amount from the excavation floor surface.

[0185] To elaborate, as described later, after forward excavation is performed by a forklift, the main body frame (100) is moved forward. At this time, the main body frame must be moved forward while supporting the inner wall of the excavation. The main body frame (100) is moved forward after being raised to a certain level or higher by means of an elevating unit (140).

[0186] However, since the height to which the lifting unit (140) is raised is not very high, the height to which the lowest flat plate (536) and the third backfill soil compaction actuator (537) are raised when the lifting unit (140) is driven upward is also not very high.

[0187] Meanwhile, around the lowermost flat plate (536) and the third backfill soil compaction actuator (537), excavated soil that has fallen from above has accumulated to a certain degree. When the main body frame (100) is moved forward, the lowermost flat plate (536) and the third backfill soil compaction actuator (537) may be interfered with by the soil accumulated around them, thereby hindering the forward movement of the main body frame (100).

[0188] To prevent this, before the main body frame (100) moves forward, the lifting actuator (533) is driven to raise the lowermost flat plate (536) and the third backfill soil compaction actuator (537) so that they move upward at least above the soil arranged on the surrounding floor. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the lowermost flat plate and the third backfill soil compaction actuator (537) from being obstructed during the process of the main body frame (100) moving forward.

[0189] As shown in FIGS. 16 to 21, the flat plate (523) of the upper compaction unit (521) is inclined so that its lower end is relatively closer to the main body frame (100) than its upper end when viewed from the side.

[0190] In addition, the flat plate (523) of the left and right compression unit (531) is inclined so that the lower part is relatively closer to the main body frame (100) than the upper part when viewed from the side.

[0191] Accordingly, the upper compaction unit (521) and the left and right compaction units (531) can compact the soil on the upper side and on the left and right sides of the tunnel structure (30) at an angle relative to the excavation bottom surface. To elaborate, if the soil is not compacted in an angled manner as described above but is compacted in a vertical manner relative to the excavation bottom surface, the compacted soil may not maintain its shape and may collapse. Therefore, it is preferable to compact the soil at an angle to maintain the soil compaction state stably.

[0192] In addition, the flat plate (523) of the upper compaction unit (521) and the flat plates (523) of the left and right compaction units (531) can be connected flatly as a whole and positioned on one virtual plane when viewed from the rear.

[0193] To elaborate, based on the state in which the hydraulic cylinders of the upper compaction unit (521) and the left and right compaction units (531) are driven to the maximum (state in which the cylinder rod is moved to the maximum), as described above, the flat plate (523) of the upper compaction unit (521) and the flat plate (523) of the left and right compaction units (531) can be connected flatly as a whole and positioned on one virtual plane.

[0194] Accordingly, when the compaction work is primarily completed, as shown in Fig. 21, the soil compaction surfaces on the upper side and left and right sides of the tunnel structure (30) can be maintained in an overall sloped state connected to the excavation floor surface, and accordingly, the compacted soil can be maintained in a state as stable as possible without collapsing.

[0195] As shown in FIGS. 16 to 21, in the embodiment of the present invention, the upper compaction unit (521) and the left and right compaction units (531) each include a casing (528) in which a first compaction part (522) and a second compaction part (525) are installed and form an outer appearance.

[0196] As shown in FIGS. 16 to 21, an empty space is formed between the casings (528) of the upper compaction unit (521) and the left and right compaction units (531) so that a tunnel structure (30) is placed therein.

[0197] A brush (540) is installed on one side of the casing (528) close to the tunnel structure (30) to prevent a gap from forming with the tunnel structure (30).

[0198] In addition, when viewed from the side, the space on the left side centered on the part where the brush (540) is installed is a space where excavated soil falls by the backfill unit (510). If the soil falling in this way is inserted into the gap between the casing (528) and the tunnel structure (30) or, in a severe case, moves to the front part of the tunnel structure (30) through this gap and accumulates, when the main body frame (100) needs to be moved forward as described above, interference may occur between the main body frame (100) and the tunnel structure (30) or the main body frame (100) may not be able to move forward properly due to interference between the soil accumulated on the outer surface of the front part of the tunnel structure (30) and the casing (528).

[0199] To supplement this, a brush (540) is installed to prevent excavated soil from filling the gap between the casing (528) and the tunnel structure (30) or to prevent excavated soil from accumulating on the outer surface of the front portion of the tunnel structure (30) through this gap.

[0200] Here, the outer surface of the front portion of the tunnel structure refers to the outer surface of the tunnel structure near the brush located in the direction of excavation with the brush (540) installed as the center.

[0201] Here, the brush (540) may be made of any one of metal, rubber, and plastic, and it is preferable that the brush wires be configured so as to fundamentally prevent the occurrence of a gap between the casing (528) and the tunnel structure (30) where soil can be injected. In this way, the casing (528) moving in the excavation direction together with the main body frame (100) by the brush (540) avoids interference with the tunnel structure (30), while preventing soil from being caught between the casing (528) and the tunnel structure (30) in front of the casing (528).

[0202]

[0203] Hereinafter, a method for excavating a tunnel using a mobile backfill and compaction device of an excavation system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described.

[0204] First, as shown in Fig. 22, a vertical shaft (50) is formed vertically from the ground near the start of the excavation area where a tunnel is to be formed.

[0205] Thereafter, as shown in Fig. 23, with the excavation unit (400) and the backfilling and compaction module (500) mounted and installed on the main body frame (100), the main body frame (100) is stopped and the excavation unit (400) is driven to form a plurality of perforation holes (10) in the front soil wall to be excavated.

[0206] The perforation hole (10) is formed by the excavation perforation portion (410) of the excavation unit (400), and the excavation perforation portion (410) forms the perforation hole (10) while protruding forward of the casing (440) of the excavation unit (400). When the perforation hole formation work is completed, it moves backward and returns to the initial position.

[0207] Here, the perforation holes (10) are formed in a plurality of positions spaced apart from each other so as to correspond to the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel structure (30) to be installed. For example, as shown in Fig. 29, in the case where the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel structure (30) to be installed is square or arch-shaped, the plurality of perforation holes are also formed in a square or arch-shaped shape so as to correspond thereto.

[0208] Meanwhile, the main body frame (100) is made to be of a size sufficient to correspond to the excavation area where a tunnel is to be formed, and an empty space is formed inside thereof, and excavation equipment such as a forklift can be placed in this space.

[0209] Meanwhile, the excavation unit (400) is installed in multiples, and for the convenience of explanation below, the related drawing is based on the case where five upper excavation units (401) are installed on the upper side of the main body frame (100) and five side excavation units (402) are installed on the left and right sides of the main body frame (100).

[0210] In an embodiment of the present invention, the main body frame (100), the excavation unit (400), the backfilling and compaction module (500), the main body frame movement control unit (300), etc. are supplied underground through a vertical shaft (50), and can be assembled underground or assembled above ground and then lowered down the vertical shaft using a crane to be placed. In addition, a forklift, etc. is placed in the inner empty space of the main body frame (100) placed underground.

[0211] Thereafter, as illustrated in FIGS. 24 and 25, before additionally excavating the front soil wall using a forklift, the excavation unit (400) is moved forward with respect to the main body frame (100) and the front part of the excavation unit (400) is inserted into the perforation hole (10) to support the inner walls of the plurality of perforation holes (10). Here, the inner wall surface of the perforation hole (10) also becomes a part of the tunnel excavation surface in a broad sense.

[0212] This is to prevent the collapse of the front soil wall during the forklift excavation work described later, and to stably support the inner wall of the tunnel excavation surface using the excavation unit (400) while the forklift excavation work is in progress.

[0213] Specifically, as shown in Fig. 26, among the five upper excavation units (401), the three units (the 1st, 3rd, and 5th) and among the five left and right side excavation units (402), the three units (the 1st, 3rd, and 5th) are first moved forward.

[0214] At this time, the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) drives the excavation unit movement roller (710) and the casing (440) of the excavation unit (400) to contact each other, and the excavation unit movement roller drive unit (730) rotates the excavation unit movement roller (710) to move the excavation unit (400) forward with respect to the main body frame (100).

[0215] When the excavation unit (400) is completely moved forward, the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) drives the excavation unit movement roller (710) and the casing (440) so that they do not come into contact. That is, the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) presses the excavation unit (400) upward and left and right so that it moves toward the inner wall of the excavation surface to be excavated (toward the direction away from the main body frame). At this time, the pressure plate (421) of the excavation unit (400) arranged inside the drilling hole (10) can support the inner wall of the drilling hole, i.e., the inner wall of the tunnel excavation surface, by pressing it.

[0216] In addition, the inner wall of the perforation hole (10) and the inner wall of the tunnel excavation surface (40) that is expanded through the forklift excavation described later are supported by approaching the excavation unit (400) from the main body frame (100) toward the inner wall of the tunnel excavation surface (40).

[0217] Meanwhile, in preparation for the case where the inner wall of the perforation hole is not entirely flat as illustrated in Fig. 7, the pressure plate drive unit (426) is driven so that the pressure plate (421) placed inside the perforation hole (10) stably pressurizes and supports the unevenly inclined inner wall of the perforation hole. At this time, the pressure plate (421) inserted inside the perforation hole (10) rotates so as to be inclined with respect to the casing (440) so as to stably support the entire unevenly inclined inner wall of the perforation hole by making full contact with it.

[0218] In addition, in a case where the inner wall of the perforation hole (10) and the inner wall of the tunnel excavation surface (40) are not entirely flat but are curved in an uneven manner, the excavation unit (400) supports the inner wall of the perforation hole (10) and the inner wall of the tunnel excavation surface (40) by changing its shape to correspond to the unevenly curved shape.

[0219] Afterwards, the 2nd and 4th two out of the 5 upper excavation units (401) and the 2nd and 4th two out of the 5 left and right side excavation units (402) are moved forward. Thereafter, the same operation as described above is repeated.

[0220] Thereafter, as illustrated in Fig. 27, a forklift or the like placed inside the main body frame (100) is used to excavate the front soil wall around the plurality of excavation holes (20) to expand the excavation area forward. At this time, excavation can be performed approximately 30 to 60 cm forward in the excavation direction from the position set before the excavation unit (400) is operated.

[0221] Thereafter, as shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, the main body frame (100) is similarly moved forward by about 30 to 60 cm, and at this time, the backfilling and compaction module (500) installed on the main body frame along with the main body frame (100) also moves forward simultaneously.

[0222] Specifically, the worker additionally installs a rail (200) in front of the main body frame (100), and the forward movement of the main body frame (100) is performed while the excavation unit (400), i.e., the pressure plate (421), is maintained in stable contact with the tunnel excavation surface.

[0223] That is, the forward movement of the main body frame (100) is performed while the excavation unit (400) pressurizes and supports the inner wall of the perforation hole (10) and the inner wall of the tunnel excavation surface (40) formed through the aforementioned forklift excavation.

[0224] In addition, before the main body frame (100) moves forward, the pressure plate (421) of the upper excavation unit (401) maintains a state of contacting and supporting the upper inner wall of the tunnel excavation surface, and the pressure plate (421) of the side excavation unit (402) maintains a state of contacting and supporting the left and right inner walls of the tunnel excavation surface.

[0225] In order to move the main body frame (100) forward while maintaining the state in which the pressure plate (421) of the excavation unit (400) contacts and supports the tunnel excavation surface, the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) installed in the excavation unit support frame (125) is first driven so that the upper excavation unit (401) descends by its own weight and the excavation unit movement roller (710) and the casing (440) of the upper excavation unit (401) come into contact with each other.

[0226] At the same time, as shown in Fig. 28, the lifting unit (140) of the main body frame (100) is driven to move the upper frame (120) of the main body frame (100) upward.

[0227] That is, the main body frame (100) can move relative to the upper excavation unit (401), and the pressure plate (421) of the upper excavation unit (401) can maintain a state of contact support while pressing the excavation surface. The above explains the relationship between the upper excavation unit (401) and the main body frame (100).

[0228] To explain the relationship between the side excavation unit (402) and the main body frame (100), as shown in Fig. 22, the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) installed on the left vertical frame (121) and the right vertical frame (122) is driven so that the excavation unit movement roller (710) and the casing (440) of the side excavation unit (402) come into contact with each other.

[0229] As described above, when the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) is driven to offset or reduce to a certain level the force that the side excavation unit (402) presses against the side wall of the tunnel excavation surface, the excavation unit movement roller (710) and the casing (440) of the side excavation unit (402) come into contact with each other due to the elastic restoring force of the elastic member (750). Or, according to another embodiment, the end of the movement control drive unit (720) can be slidably coupled to the casing (440) of the excavation unit (402) without being detached laterally, and in this case, by contracting the movement control drive unit (720), the excavation unit movement roller (710) and the casing (440) of the side excavation unit (402) can come into contact with each other.

[0230] At this time, the pressure plate (421) of the side excavation unit (402) may be weaker than the pressure plate (421) of the upper excavation unit (401) in the part where it presses and supports the inner wall on the left and right sides of the tunnel excavation surface with a pressure higher than a certain level.

[0231] However, the inner walls on the left and right sides of the tunnel excavation face are less likely to collapse even if the pressure support by the pressure plate (421) is weaker than the inner walls on the upper side of the tunnel excavation face, so even if the pressure plate (421) of the side excavation unit (402) reduces the force pressing the inner walls on the left and right sides of the tunnel excavation face to a certain extent for the forward movement of the main body frame (100), there is no problem in maintaining the tunnel excavation face.

[0232] In this state, the main body frame movement control drive unit (320) is driven so that the main body frame movement roller (310) and the rail (200) come into contact with each other, and then the main body frame movement roller (310) is rotated to move the main body frame (100) forward.

[0233] As illustrated in Fig. 28, after the main body frame (100) has completed moving forward, the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) is driven to perform the next drilling hole (10) operation so that the excavation unit movement roller (710) and the casing (440) of the upper excavation unit (401) are spaced apart from each other, and the pressure plate (421) of the upper excavation unit (401) presses and supports the upper inner wall surface of the tunnel excavation surface. At this time, the elevation unit (140) lowers the main body frame (100) to a degree corresponding to the aforementioned elevation height.

[0234] In addition, as shown in Fig. 29, similarly, for the next perforation hole (10) operation, the excavation unit movement control drive unit (720) is driven so that the excavation unit movement roller (710) and the casing (440) of the side excavation unit (402) are spaced apart from each other, and the casing (440) of the side excavation unit (402) is pressed, and the pressure plate (421) of the side excavation unit (402) pressurizes and supports the inner walls on the left and right sides of the tunnel excavation surface.

[0235] Afterwards, the aforementioned process of forming a perforation hole -> forward movement of the excavation unit and close movement to the tunnel excavation surface -> excavation of the front soil wall using a forklift -> forward movement of the main body frame is repeated sequentially multiple times, and after that, the state as shown in Fig. 30 is achieved.

[0236] In an embodiment of the present invention, the main body frame (100) is configured in a form in which a tunnel structure (30) to be installed can be placed inside thereof, and the inner area in which the tunnel structure (30) is placed along the excavation direction is open to the outside, and the tunnel structure (30) is installed in the inner empty space of the main body frame (100) through concrete curing, etc.

[0237] Here, the moment when the tunnel structure (30) is installed can be performed in at least one of the following processes: forming a plurality of perforation holes (10), inserting an excavation unit into the perforation holes after the perforation holes are formed to support the inner wall of the perforation holes, excavating the front using a forklift, and moving the main body frame forward after the forklift excavates.

[0238] To elaborate, the tunnel structure (30) installation work can be performed independently, regardless of the various operations described above. In an embodiment of the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 30, the tunnel structure (30) is installed in the inner empty space of the main frame (100) after a certain amount of forward excavation work has been performed. However, this is merely an example and can be performed during various work processes as described above.

[0239] In an embodiment of the present invention, the backfill and compaction module (500) has an empty space formed on the inside so that the tunnel structure (30) can penetrate the inside, but in the step described above, the tunnel structure (30) is currently installed only in the empty space on the inside of the main body frame (100).

[0240] The tunnel structure (30) at this time can be said to be the first tunnel structure installed to install the entire tunnel structure by continuously installing tunnel structures as described later.

[0241] Thereafter, as described above, when the work of forming a plurality of perforation holes (10), the work of inserting an excavation unit into the perforation hole after the perforation hole is formed to support the inner wall of the perforation hole, the work of excavating forward using a forklift, and the work of moving the main body frame forward after the forklift excavation are sequentially performed, the tunnel structure (30) is not only located inside the main body frame (100), but is simultaneously positioned in the inner empty space of the main body frame (100) and the backfill and compaction module (500) according to the forward movement of the main body frame.

[0242] Additionally, the tunnel structure (30) has a state in which it protrudes further rearward of the backfill and compaction module (500) based on the tunnel excavation direction by laterally penetrating the inner empty space of the backfill and compaction module (500). In addition, due to the relative forward movement of the main body frame with respect to the tunnel structure, the empty space inside the main body frame (100) increases, and this empty space functions as a space for continuously installing the tunnel structure again.

[0243] Thereafter, as shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, the space between the tunnel excavation surface (40) and the initially installed tunnel structure (30) is filled to form a supporting concrete wall (800).

[0244] In an embodiment of the present invention, after the main body frame (100) is moved forward, another tunnel structure installation work is performed to connect with the tunnel structure (30) previously installed on the inside of the main body frame (100), as shown in FIG. 33.

[0245] In the present invention, when the main body frame (100) is completely moved forward, as shown in Fig. 32, the excavated soil generated by excavating the front soil wall to expand the excavated area is transferred to the backfilling and compaction module (500) to backfill and compact the excavated soil around the tunnel structure (30). Here, the tunnel structure (30) whose surroundings are compacted by the excavated soil does not mean a newly installed tunnel structure as described above, but a previously installed tunnel structure.

[0246] Here, the step of backfilling and compacting the excavated soil around the tunnel structure (30) includes a step of dropping and stacking the excavated soil on the upper side and left and right sides of the tunnel structure (30), and a step of compacting the stacked excavated soil so that the soil compaction surfaces on the upper side and left and right sides of the tunnel structure (30) are maintained in an overall inclined state with respect to the excavation floor surface.

[0247] The backfilling and compaction of the excavated soil have been explained above, so a detailed explanation will be omitted below.

[0248] However, when compacting the excavated soil, the flat plate (523) of the upper compaction unit (521) and the left and right compaction units (531) and the plurality of compaction blocks (526) are initially simultaneously moved back and forth in the direction of the compaction surface to compact for the first time, and then only the plurality of compaction blocks (526) are moved back and forth to compact for the second time, and finally only the flat plate (523) is repeatedly moved back and forth to finish.

[0249] To elaborate, even if the excavated soil is initially dropped and piled up in an irregular state and compacted by simultaneously moving the flat plate (523) and multiple tamping blocks (526), ​​the soil compaction surface may be formed unevenly. Afterwards, only the multiple tamping blocks (526) are moved to compact the uneven soil compaction surface as flat as possible. Afterwards, the soil compaction surface is compacted using the flat plate (523) so that the entire soil compaction surface is flat.

[0250] In an embodiment of the present invention, when the excavated soil is initially compacted by the backfill and compaction module (500), that is, when the soil is compacted on the end side of the tunnel structure (30) that is initially installed, the excavated soil is compacted while being supported at the rear by the supporting concrete wall (800).

[0251] The supporting concrete wall (800) is formed through concrete curing in the same manner as the tunnel structure (30) and is integrally connected to the tunnel structure (30). Thus, when the initial excavated soil is compacted, it can firmly support the rear of the compacted excavated soil, thereby increasing the compaction strength.

[0252] Thereafter, as illustrated in FIGS. 33 and 24 and described above, the following sequence of drilling hole formation -> forward movement of the excavation unit and close contact with the tunnel excavation surface -> forward soil wall excavation using a forklift is sequentially repeated, along with additional tunnel structure installation work, backfilling of the excavated soil, and compaction work. Therefore, tunnel excavation work and tunnel structure installation work can be performed simultaneously and continuously.

[0253] The present invention described above, when carrying out tunnel construction work to install underground subway sections, underground passageways, etc., unlike the currently applied open-cut excavation method, allows excavation work to be carried out only underground without damaging the ground (road), thereby minimizing traffic congestion and preventing the occurrence of many construction costs such as high soil excavation costs, external soil transport costs, and costs required for transporting and backfilling the extracted soil back to the construction site after structure construction.

[0254] In addition, the present invention can drastically shorten the overall construction time and greatly reduce the cost by sequentially forming excavation holes to form a tunnel in the ground, and performing the tunnel structure installation work to substantially form a tunnel, and the soil backfilling work to backfill soil around the tunnel structure, simultaneously with the tunnel excavation hole formation work.

[0255] While the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to preferred embodiments intended to illustrate the principles of the invention, it is not intended to be limited to the exact configuration and operation described herein. Rather, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that numerous modifications and variations are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0256] The present invention has industrial applicability in that it can drastically shorten the overall construction time and greatly reduce the required cost by sequentially forming excavation holes to form a tunnel in the ground, and by performing the work of installing a tunnel structure to substantially form a tunnel and the work of backfilling soil around the tunnel structure simultaneously with the work of forming the tunnel excavation hole.

Claims

1. A main body frame in which a tunnel structure can be placed inside, and in which the inner area where the tunnel structure is placed along the excavation direction is open to the outside; and It is installed on the above main body frame, and an inner empty space is formed that is connected to the inner area of ​​the above main body frame, and includes a backfilling and compaction module that can backfill excavated soil to the outside of the tunnel structure located at the rear thereof and compact the backfilled excavated soil. The above backfilling and compaction module, A backfill unit installed on the main body frame, which transfers the excavated soil excavated from the front side of the tunnel structure based on the excavation progress direction to the rear side of the main body frame and backfills the excavated soil to the outside of the corresponding tunnel structure; and A mobile backfill and compaction device for an excavation system, which is installed at the rear of the main body frame based on the excavation progress direction and includes a compaction unit that compacts soil backfilled by the backfill unit in a horizontal direction with respect to the excavation bottom surface.

2. In paragraph 1, The above backfill unit is, A conveyor belt that transports and dumps excavated soil from the front side of the tunnel structure to a chute installed on the rear side of the main body frame; A first excavated soil transport actuator installed in the chute and moving the excavated soil collected by being dropped into the chute upwards outside the chute; and A mobile backfilling and compacting device of an excavation system, characterized in that it includes a second excavation soil transport actuator that drops and backfills the excavation soil moved upward by the first excavation soil transport actuator to the outside of the tunnel structure located at the rear of the backfilling and compacting module.

3. In paragraph 2, A mobile backfill and compaction device for an excavation system, characterized in that the first excavation soil transport actuator has a cover that can close the front of the conveyor belt to prevent the excavation soil from being dropped into the chute through the conveyor belt during upward movement.

4. In paragraph 1, The above compaction unit is, An upper compaction unit that compacts backfill soil located on the upper side of the tunnel structure with respect to the excavation floor surface; and It includes left and right compaction units arranged on the left and right sides of the above tunnel structure to compact backfill soil located on the left and right sides of the above tunnel structure. The above upper compaction unit and the above left and right compaction units are respectively, A first compaction unit having a flat plate and a first backfill soil compaction actuator for moving the flat plate forward or backward toward backfill soil around the tunnel structure; and A mobile backfill and compaction device for an excavation system, characterized by including a second compaction unit having a plurality of compaction blocks inserted corresponding to a plurality of through holes formed in the flat plate and a second backfill soil compaction actuator that moves the plurality of compaction blocks forward or backward toward soil backfilled around the tunnel structure.

5. In paragraph 4, The above backfilling and compaction module, A lifting actuator that is fixedly installed at the rear of the main body frame and has a lifting block connected to the load end thereof; and A mobile backfill and compaction device for an excavation system, characterized in that it further includes a third compaction unit having a lowermost flat plate connected to the above-mentioned lifting block and positioned below the flat plates of the left and right backfill and compaction modules, and a third backfill soil compaction actuator for moving the lowermost flat plate forward or backward toward the soil backfilled around the tunnel structure.

6. In paragraph 5, A mobile backfill and compaction device of an excavation system, characterized in that the above lifting actuator moves the lowermost flat plate and the third backfill soil compaction actuator upward by a certain amount or more from the excavation floor surface.

7. In paragraph 4, The flat plate of the upper compaction unit is inclined so that the lower part thereof is relatively closer to the main body frame than the upper part when viewed from the side. A movable backfill and compaction device for an excavation system, characterized in that the flat plates of the left and right compaction units are inclined so that the lower part thereof is relatively closer to the main body frame than the upper part thereof when viewed from the side.

8. In paragraph 7, A mobile backfill and compaction device for an excavation system, characterized in that the flat plate of the upper compaction unit and the flat plate of the left and right compaction units are connected flatly as a whole when viewed from the side and can be positioned on a single virtual plane.

9. In paragraph 4, The upper compaction unit and the left and right compaction units each include a casing in which the first compaction part and the second compaction part are installed and form an outer appearance, An empty space is formed between the casings of the upper compaction unit and the left and right compaction units to accommodate the tunnel structure. A mobile backfill and compaction device for an excavation system, characterized in that a brush is installed on one side of the casing close to the tunnel structure to prevent a gap from forming with the tunnel structure.

10. In paragraph 9, A mobile backfill and compaction device for an excavation system, characterized in that the brush is made of any one of metal, rubber, and plastic.

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