Aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, preparation method for aluminum alloy material, and aluminum alloy part

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, a preparation method for the aluminum alloy material, and an aluminum alloy part. The aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: Mn: 0.01 wt% to 4.0 wt%; Cr: 0.1 wt% to 5.0 wt%; Cu: 0.1 wt% to 2.5 wt%; Fe: 0.01 wt% to 1.5 wt%; Mg: 0.1 wt% to 4.0 wt%; Si: 0.1 wt% to 5.0 wt%; Ti: 0.5 wt% to 3.5 wt%, or Zr: 0.5 wt% to 3.5 wt%, or Ti+Zr: 0.5 wt% to 3.5 wt%; and the balance being Al and at least one inevitable impurity element.

Description

Aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, preparation method thereof, and aluminum alloy part Cross-reference to related applications

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410531967.6, filed on April 29, 2024, and entitled “Aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, preparation method thereof, and aluminum alloy part”, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of metal materials, and more particularly to an aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, a preparation method thereof, and an aluminum alloy part. BACKGROUND

[0003] Aluminum alloy parts are widely used in the fields of aerospace, automobile industry, and electronic devices, etc. due to their low density, high specific strength, good plasticity, good processing performance, high electrical and thermal conductivity, and excellent wear and corrosion resistance. With the expansion of the application range of aluminum alloy parts, the requirements for their performance are becoming higher and higher, and therefore the demand for preparing high-performance aluminum alloy parts is very urgent. In addition, aluminum alloy parts used in the field of aerospace, for example, usually need to be assembled by welding, riveting, etc. after traditional mechanical processing, and the welding, riveting, etc. not only have a long manufacturing cycle, but also result in low precision and low mechanical properties of local positions of the assembled aluminum alloy parts. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology for the integral manufacturing of aluminum alloy parts.

[0004] Additive manufacturing technology, such as selective laser melting (SLM) technology, is a new technology for preparing metal materials, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, rapidity, and high reliability. Compared with the multi-step manufacturing process in traditional mechanical processing technology, additive manufacturing technology can manufacture the required parts in one step, realize the integrated rapid forming of complex parts, and thus improve the utilization rate and production efficiency of metal materials.

[0005] However, the aluminum alloy material for manufacturing aluminum alloy parts has high thermal conductivity, high oxidizability, poor flowability, and high laser reflectivity, etc., which results in great difficulty in forming during the additive manufacturing process. For example, Al-Si series aluminum alloy materials, which are relatively mature in the field of additive manufacturing technology, have good forming performance, but the strength and plasticity of the aluminum alloy parts prepared by additive manufacturing using Al-Si series aluminum alloy materials are limited. Specifically, the AlSi 10The yield strength of the Mg part is about 280 MPa, and the elongation is about 10%, which is difficult to meet the high strength requirement in the field of aerospace. For example, the yield strength of the Al-Mg-Sc-Zr aluminum alloy part manufactured by the SLM technology can reach 500 MPa, but the application of the Al-Mg-Sc-Zr aluminum alloy part is limited due to the high price of the rare earth element Sc. The conventional high-strength 7XXX series aluminum alloy material has a tendency to produce thermal cracks in the additive manufacturing process, and has poor forming performance. In addition, the Zn element in the conventional high-strength 7XXX series aluminum alloy material is prone to burning in the additive manufacturing process, which leads to the existence of pore defects in the manufactured part, and a large amount of black smoke and spatter generated in the additive manufacturing process seriously affects the surface quality of the part. In this case, the conventional 7XXX series aluminum alloy is not suitable for processing by the additive manufacturing technology. Technical content

[0006] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing and a preparation method thereof, and an aluminum alloy part. The thermal cracking tendency of the aluminum alloy part in the additive manufacturing process can be improved or eliminated, and the mechanical properties and product quality of the aluminum alloy part manufactured by additive manufacturing can be improved.

[0007] The technical solution of the embodiments of the present disclosure is as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, which comprises, by mass percentage:

[0009] Mn: 0.01 wt.% to 4.00 wt.%;

[0010] Cr: 0.10 wt.% to 5.00 wt.%;

[0011] Cu: 0.10 wt.% to 2.50 wt.%;

[0012] Fe: 0.01 wt.% to 1.50 wt.%;

[0013] Mg: 0.10 wt.% to 4.00 wt.%;

[0014] Si: 0.10 wt.% to 5.00 wt.%;

[0015] Ti: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.% or Zr: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.% or Ti+Zr: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.%;

[0016] the balance being Al and inevitable at least one impurity element.

[0017] Optionally, in some examples, each of the at least one impurity element has a content less than 0.05wt.% in terms of mass percentage.

[0018] Optionally, in some examples, a sum of contents of Mn, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg and Si in the aluminum alloy material is 6.00wt.% to 9.00wt.% in terms of mass percentage.

[0019] Optionally, in some examples, a mass ratio of Mg to Si in the aluminum alloy material is less than 1.73.

[0020] Optionally, in some examples, the aluminum alloy material is a powder material.

[0021] Optionally, in some examples, a particle size of the powder comprises 15μm to 75μm.

[0022] Optionally, in some examples, the aluminum alloy material is a bar material, a wire material or a filament material.

[0023] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a preparation method of an aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, the preparation method comprising:

[0024] The aluminum alloy material is prepared from metal raw materials with a set ratio; wherein, in terms of mass percentage, the metal raw materials comprise:

[0025] Mn: 0.01wt.% to 4.00wt.%;

[0026] Cr: 0.10wt.% to 5.00wt.%;

[0027] Cu: 0.10wt.% to 2.50wt.%;

[0028] Fe: 0.01wt.% to 1.50wt.%;

[0029] Mg: 0.10wt.% to 4.00wt.%;

[0030] Si: 0.10wt.% to 5.00wt.%;

[0031] Ti: 0.50wt.% to 3.50wt.% or Zr: 0.50wt.% to 3.50wt.% or Ti+Zr: 0.50wt.% to 3.50wt.%;

[0032] a balance of Al and inevitable at least one impurity element.

[0033] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an aluminum alloy part, which is obtained by additive manufacturing of the aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing according to the first aspect.

[0034] Optionally, in some examples, the aluminum alloy part has a tensile strength greater than 540 MPa, a yield strength greater than 510 MPa, and an elongation greater than 8% at room temperature after heat treatment.

[0035] The heat treatment comprises: heat soaking the aluminum alloy part at 160-380°C for 2-8 hours, and cooling the aluminum alloy part in air.

[0036] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide an aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, a preparation method thereof, and an aluminum alloy part. Through alloy composition design, under the condition of rapid cooling in additive manufacturing, the fine Al3Zr particles and / or Al3Ti particles generated in the solidification process of the elements Zr and / or Ti and the base Al are used as heterogeneous nucleation cores to refine the grains and reduce the thermal cracking tendency of the aluminum alloy part, thereby improving the forming performance of the aluminum alloy part. In addition, by not adding element Zn, the porosity defects in the aluminum alloy part are eliminated or reduced, and the density and surface quality of the aluminum alloy part are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The drawings in the following description are only exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0038] FIG. 1 is a morphology diagram of the aluminum alloy material provided by the embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

[0039] FIG. 2 is a microstructure diagram of the aluminum alloy part after heat treatment provided by the embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

[0040] FIG. 3 is another microstructure diagram of the aluminum alloy part after heat treatment provided by the embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

[0041] FIG. 4 is a tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve diagram of the aluminum alloy part after heat treatment provided by the embodiment 1 of the present disclosure at room temperature;

[0042] FIG. 5 is a tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve diagram of the aluminum alloy part after heat treatment provided by the embodiment 2 of the present disclosure at room temperature;

[0043] FIG. 6 is a tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve diagram of the aluminum alloy part after heat treatment provided by the embodiment 3 of the present disclosure at room temperature;

[0044] FIG. 7 is a tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part at room temperature according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] FIG. 8 is a tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part at room temperature according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] FIG. 9 is a tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part at room temperature according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0047] FIG. 10 is a tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part at room temperature according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] FIG. 11 is a tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part at room temperature according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0049] FIG. 12 is a tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part at room temperature according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0050] FIG. 13 is a tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part at room temperature according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0051] FIG. 14 is a tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part at room temperature according to a comparative example of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, the following will describe example embodiments according to the present disclosure in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the example embodiments described herein.

[0053] An aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing is provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the aluminum alloy material includes, by mass percentage:

[0054] Mn: 0.01 wt.% to 4.00 wt.%;

[0055] Cr: 0.10 wt.% to 5.00 wt.%;

[0056] Cu: 0.10 wt.% to 2.50 wt.%;

[0057] Fe: 0.01 wt.% to 1.50 wt.%;

[0058] Mg: 0.10 wt.% to 4.00 wt.%;

[0059] Si: 0.10 wt.% to 5.00 wt.%;

[0060] Ti: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.% or Zr: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.% or Ti+Zr: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.%;

[0061] the balance being Al and unavoidable at least one impurity element.

[0062] In the aluminum alloy material provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, element Zr and / or element Ti are used as grain refiners. Specifically, under the condition of rapid cooling in additive manufacturing, the fine Al3Zr and / or Al3Ti particles generated by element Zr and / or element Ti and the base Al during solidification can act as heterogeneous nucleation cores, refine the grains, and thus eliminate or reduce the coarse columnar crystals, reduce the tendency of thermal cracks in the aluminum alloy part during additive manufacturing, improve the forming performance of the aluminum alloy part, and manufacture an aluminum alloy part with high forming quality. Moreover, elements Mn, Cr and Fe can generate a large amount of strengthening phases during additive manufacturing. These strengthening phases in the aluminum alloy part can remain stable under high temperature conditions and will not dissipate or change due to long-term service, so as to maintain the high room temperature strength and high temperature strength of the aluminum alloy part. At the same time, compared with conventional 7XXX series aluminum alloys, the aluminum alloy material provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure does not contain element Zn which has a low melting point and is easy to evaporate, so that burning problem is not easy to occur during additive manufacturing, and thus the porosity defects in the aluminum alloy part obtained by additive manufacturing are eliminated or reduced, and the density of the aluminum alloy part is improved. In addition, since the burning problem is not easy to occur, a large amount of black smoke and spatter will not be generated during additive manufacturing, so as to affect the surface quality of the aluminum alloy part. On the other hand, since the aluminum alloy material provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure does not contain expensive rare earth elements such as Sc, the production cost is reduced.

[0063] In some examples, the conventional 7XXX series aluminum alloy mentioned above refers to an aluminum alloy in which element zinc (Zn) is the main component and element magnesium (Mg) exists in a small amount, specifically such as 7070 aluminum alloy and 7075 aluminum alloy. In other examples, a small amount of elements such as element copper (Cu), element silicon (Si) and element iron (Fe) can also be added.

[0064] In some possible implementations, the content of each impurity element in the at least one impurity element mentioned above is less than 0.05 wt.% in terms of mass percentage.

[0065] During the preparation of the aluminum alloy material, some impurity elements, such as element oxygen (O), element nitrogen (N) and element hydrogen (H), etc., are inevitably introduced. It can be understood that if the content of the impurity elements in the aluminum alloy material is too high, the impurity elements will form stress concentration points in the aluminum alloy part, thereby affecting the strength of the aluminum alloy part. Moreover, in some examples, too high impurity elements can also affect the strength and hardness of the aluminum alloy part after heat treatment.

[0066] In some possible embodiments, the sum of the contents of Mn, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg and Si in the above-mentioned aluminum alloy material is 6.00wt.% to 9.00wt.% by mass percentage.

[0067] It can be understood that both element Zr and element Ti in the aluminum alloy material can form strengthening phases Al3Zr particles and Al3Ti particles with the matrix Al to effectively hinder the movement of dislocations, thereby improving the strength of the aluminum alloy part manufactured from the aluminum alloy material. Secondly, the strengthening phases Al3Zr particles and Al3Ti particles are stable at high temperatures, which helps to maintain the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy part to reduce the degradation of the mechanical properties caused by long-term high temperature exposure. The interaction of other elements in the aluminum alloy material, such as element Cu, element Mg, element Si, etc., with element Zr and element Ti will affect the formation of Al3Zr particles and Al3Ti particles in the aluminum alloy material. For example, element Ti and element Fe can form TiFe phase to affect the effect of element Ti as a grain refiner, and element Mg and element Zr can form ZrMg phase, thereby affecting the effect of element Zr as a grain refiner. Therefore, the content of elements Mn, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg and Si in the aluminum alloy material also needs to be controlled during the alloy composition design process.

[0068] In some possible embodiments, the mass ratio of Mg to Si in the above-mentioned aluminum alloy material is less than 1.73.

[0069] The mass ratio of element Mg to element Si in the above-mentioned aluminum alloy material refers to the ratio of the contents of element Mg and element Si in the aluminum alloy material.

[0070] It can be understood that the element Mg and the element Si can generate the strengthening phase Mg2Si under the condition of rapid cooling in the additive manufacturing for improving the strength of the aluminum alloy part. The formation of the strengthening phase Mg2Si depends on the proportion and content of the element Mg and the element Si. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the mass ratio of the element Mg and the element Si in the Mg2Si strengthening phase is less than 1.73, which helps to avoid the formation of excessive Mg2Si strengthening phase, which may cause the increase of brittleness and the decrease of processability of the aluminum alloy part manufactured by the aluminum alloy material. In addition, by controlling the mass ratio of the element Mg and the element Si in the aluminum alloy material, the oxidation film on the surface of the aluminum alloy part can be optimized, thereby improving the corrosion resistance.

[0071] In some possible embodiments, the aluminum alloy material described above is a powder material. In some examples, the particle size of the powder material described above includes 15 μm to 75 μm.

[0072] In the additive manufacturing process, when the aluminum alloy material is a powder material, the particle size has a significant influence on the forming performance. Smaller particle size can improve the flowability of the aluminum alloy material, but if the particle size is too small, the electrostatic effect may cause the mutual adsorption between the aluminum alloy materials, thereby reducing the flowability and being not conducive to the uniform spreading of the aluminum alloy material. Therefore, the sieving of the aluminum alloy material with a suitable particle size can help to spread uniformly. In addition, the aluminum alloy material with a suitable particle size can provide a larger surface area, thereby increasing the absorption efficiency of the laser energy and helping to improve the uniformity of melting and solidification. Moreover, the aluminum alloy material with a suitable particle size can also reduce the porosity in the aluminum alloy part obtained by additive manufacturing, improve the density of the aluminum alloy part, and thus improve the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy part.

[0073] In some possible embodiments, the aluminum alloy material described above is a rod, a wire or a filament.

[0074] The rod, the wire or the filament described above are aluminum alloy materials with different shapes and / or sizes. The rod in the embodiments of the present disclosure refers to an aluminum alloy material in the shape of a long strip with a circular or non-circular cross section (for example, a rectangular or hexagonal cross section). The wire refers to an aluminum alloy material in the shape of a long strip with a diameter of several millimeters to several tens of millimeters (for example, 5.5 mm to 30 mm). The filament refers to an aluminum alloy material in the shape of a long strip with a diameter of less than several millimeters (for example, less than 5.5 mm).

[0075] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the aluminum alloy material described above can be a rod, a wire or a filament. In addition, the powder-shaped aluminum alloy material can also be processed into the rod, the wire or the filament by powder metallurgy or other methods.

[0076] Secondly, the present disclosure provides a preparation method of an aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, the preparation method comprising:

[0077] An aluminum alloy material is prepared from a set of metal raw materials; wherein, by mass percentage, the metal raw materials comprise:

[0078] Mn: 0.01 wt.% to 4.00 wt.%;

[0079] Cr: 0.10 wt.% to 5.00 wt.%;

[0080] Cu: 0.10 wt.% to 2.50 wt.%;

[0081] Fe: 0.01 wt.% to 1.50 wt.%;

[0082] Mg: 0.10 wt.% to 4.00 wt.%;

[0083] Si: 0.10 wt.% to 5.00 wt.%;

[0084] Ti: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.% or Zr: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.% or Ti+Zr: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.%;

[0085] the balance being Al and unavoidable at least one impurity element.

[0086] In some examples, the aluminum alloy material in powder form can be prepared by a gas atomization method, a plasma atomization method, a rotating electrode processing method or a mechanical alloying method.

[0087] It should be noted that the aluminum alloy material in powder form is preferably prepared by a gas atomization method. Compared with other methods, the gas atomization method can produce a large amount of aluminum alloy material in powder form in a relatively short time, has high preparation efficiency, and can minimize the introduction of impurities and inclusions during the preparation process. Moreover, the sphericity of the aluminum alloy material in powder form prepared by the gas atomization method is also good, which can have better flowability and compactness during the additive manufacturing process. In addition, the rapid cooling rate during the gas atomization process is conducive to the formation of fine and uniform microstructure, which helps to improve the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy parts.

[0088] In other examples, the aluminum alloy material in rod form can be prepared by casting or forging the above-mentioned metal raw materials. The aluminum alloy material in wire form can be obtained by rolling or drawing method. The aluminum alloy material in wire form can be obtained by drawing method, i.e. the aluminum alloy material in rod form or the aluminum alloy material in wire form is drawn multiple times to gradually reduce the diameter, thereby forming the desired aluminum alloy material in wire form.

[0089] In some examples, the prepared aluminum alloy material needs to be dried and sealed in vacuum after drying treatment. It can be understood that the prepared aluminum alloy material is dried in vacuum or inert gas, which can avoid the introduction of impurities in the drying process, and can remove moisture or other solvents in the aluminum alloy material through drying treatment to improve the quality and stability of the aluminum alloy material, and also helps the storage of the aluminum alloy material.

[0090] Finally, the present disclosure provides an aluminum alloy part, which is prepared by additive manufacturing of the aluminum alloy material according to the foregoing technical solutions.

[0091] In some possible embodiments, the aluminum alloy part has a tensile strength greater than 540 MPa, a yield strength greater than 510 MPa, and an elongation greater than 8% at room temperature after heat treatment.

[0092] The heat treatment includes: heat preservation of the aluminum alloy part at 160-380℃ for 2-8 hours, and cooling treatment of the aluminum alloy part in air.

[0093] It should be noted that when the aluminum alloy material is in powder form or has a very small diameter and meets the additive manufacturing process, the aluminum alloy part can be manufactured by additive manufacturing of the aluminum alloy material in the present disclosure. When the aluminum alloy material is in the form of a rod, wire or has a larger diameter and does not meet the additive manufacturing process, the rod, wire or wire is processed into powder or wire that meets the additive manufacturing process in the present disclosure. The specific processing method is not specifically described in the present disclosure.

[0094] The technical solutions of the present disclosure will be described in detail below through specific examples.

[0095] Example 1

[0096] An aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, by mass percentage, the aluminum alloy material includes: Mn: 0.01wt.%, Cr: 4.80wt.%, Cu: 1.50wt.%, Zr: 1.50wt.%, Fe: 0.40wt.%, Mg: 0.80wt.%, Si: 0.60wt.%, and the rest is Al and unavoidable impurity elements O, N and H.

[0097] In some examples, the aluminum alloy material provided in Example 1 is prepared by vacuum gas atomization method.

[0098] It should be noted that the particle size of the aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing provided in Example 1 is 20-63μm, and the morphology diagram is shown in FIG. 1.

[0099] Before the additive manufacturing with the aluminum alloy material provided in this embodiment 1, first, based on the three-dimensional model of the target aluminum alloy part, the three-dimensional model is sliced according to the set thickness, and then the aluminum alloy material is dried in a vacuum drying box and added to the powder bin of the additive manufacturing equipment. When the oxygen content in the forming chamber of the additive manufacturing equipment is reduced to the set value, the laser beam starts to scan the aluminum alloy material laid on the substrate of the additive manufacturing equipment, and melts the aluminum alloy material according to the profile obtained by the above slicing process to produce metallurgical bonding. Through layer-by-layer accumulation, until the target aluminum alloy part is manufactured.

[0100] After the aluminum alloy part is manufactured, the aluminum alloy part is subjected to aging heat treatment at 375°C for 4h, and then cooled in air. The microstructure of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve at room temperature is shown in FIG. 4. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy part manufactured in this embodiment 1 at room temperature after heat treatment is 551 MPa, the yield strength is 528 MPa, and the elongation is 12.2%.

[0101] Embodiment 2

[0102] An aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, by mass percentage, the aluminum alloy material comprises: Mn: 0.50wt.%, Cr: 1.50wt.%, Cu: 2.50wt.%, Zr: 0.50wt.%, Fe: 1.20wt.%, Mg: 1.20wt.%, Si: 1.20wt.%, and the rest is Al and unavoidable impurity elements O, element N and element H.

[0103] In some examples, the aluminum alloy material provided in this embodiment 2 is prepared by a vacuum gas atomization method. It should be noted that the particle size of the aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing provided in this embodiment 2 is 15μm to 45μm.

[0104] Before the additive manufacturing with the aluminum alloy material provided in this embodiment 2, first, based on the three-dimensional model of the target aluminum alloy part, the three-dimensional model is sliced according to the set thickness, and then the aluminum alloy material is dried in a vacuum drying box and added to the powder bin of the additive manufacturing equipment. When the oxygen content in the forming chamber of the additive manufacturing equipment is reduced to the set value, the laser beam starts to scan the aluminum alloy material laid on the substrate of the additive manufacturing equipment, and melts the aluminum alloy material according to the profile obtained by the above slicing process to produce metallurgical bonding. Through layer-by-layer accumulation, until the target aluminum alloy part is manufactured.

[0105] After the aluminum alloy part is manufactured, the aluminum alloy part is subjected to an aging heat treatment at 350°C for 4h, and then the aluminum alloy part is subjected to a cooling treatment in air. The tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part at room temperature is specifically shown in FIG. 5. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy part manufactured in this embodiment 2 after heat treatment at room temperature is 577 MPa, the yield strength is 541 MPa, and the elongation is 11%.

[0106] Embodiment 3

[0107] An aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, by mass percent, the aluminum alloy material comprises: Mn: 3.80wt.%, Cr: 0.15wt.%, Cu: 1.00wt.%, Zr: 2.00wt.%, Fe: 0.80wt.%, Mg: 0.50wt.%, Si: 1.00wt.%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements O, element N and element H.

[0108] In some examples, the aluminum alloy material provided by this embodiment 3 is prepared by a vacuum gas atomization method.

[0109] It should be noted that the particle size of the aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing provided by this embodiment 3 is 15μm to 53μm.

[0110] Before additive manufacturing is performed using the aluminum alloy material provided by this embodiment 3, first, based on the three-dimensional model of the target aluminum alloy part, the three-dimensional model is sliced according to a set thickness, and then the aluminum alloy material is dried in a vacuum drying box and then added to the powder bin of the additive manufacturing equipment. When the oxygen content in the forming chamber of the additive manufacturing equipment is reduced to a set value, the laser beam starts to scan the aluminum alloy material laid on the substrate of the additive manufacturing equipment, and melts the aluminum alloy material according to the profile obtained by the above slicing processing to produce metallurgical bonding. Through layer-by-layer accumulation, until the target aluminum alloy part is manufactured.

[0111] After the aluminum alloy part is manufactured, the aluminum alloy part is subjected to an aging heat treatment at 325°C for 8h, and then the aluminum alloy part is subjected to a cooling treatment in air. The tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part at room temperature is specifically shown in FIG. 6. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy part manufactured in this embodiment 3 after heat treatment at room temperature is 554 MPa, the yield strength is 519 MPa, and the elongation is 9.8%.

[0112] Embodiment 4

[0113] An aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, by mass percent, the aluminum alloy material comprises: Mn: 0.80 wt.%, Cr: 3.00 wt.%, Cu: 2.00 wt.%, Zr: 3.20 wt.%, Fe: 0.02 wt.%, Mg: 0.15 wt.%, Si: 0.15 wt.%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements O, element N and element H.

[0114] In some examples, the aluminum alloy material provided by the present embodiment 4 is prepared by a vacuum gas atomization method.

[0115] It should be noted that the particle size of the aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing provided by the present embodiment 4 is 15 μm to 63 μm.

[0116] Before additive manufacturing using the aluminum alloy material provided by the present embodiment 4, first based on the three-dimensional model of the target aluminum alloy part, the three-dimensional model is sliced according to the set thickness, and then the aluminum alloy material is dried in a vacuum drying box and added to the powder bin of the additive manufacturing equipment. When the oxygen content in the forming chamber of the additive manufacturing equipment is reduced to a set value, the laser beam starts to scan the aluminum alloy material laid on the substrate of the additive manufacturing equipment, and melts the aluminum alloy material according to the profile obtained by the above slicing process to produce metallurgical bonding. Through layer-by-layer accumulation, until the target aluminum alloy part is manufactured.

[0117] After the aluminum alloy part is manufactured, the aluminum alloy part is subjected to aging heat treatment at a temperature of 350°C for 6h, and then the aluminum alloy part is cooled in air. The tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the aluminum alloy part after heat treatment at room temperature is shown in detail in FIG. 7. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy part manufactured in the present embodiment 4 after heat treatment at room temperature is 546 MPa, the yield strength is 513 MPa, and the elongation is 12.3%.

[0118] Embodiment 5

[0119] An aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, by mass percent, the aluminum alloy material comprises: Mn: 0.10 wt.%, Cr: 3.50 wt.%, Cu: 0.15 wt.%, Ti: 3.20 wt.%, Fe: 0.20 wt.%, Mg: 2.00 wt.%, Si: 1.50 wt.%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements O, element N and element H.

[0120] In some examples, the aluminum alloy material provided by the present embodiment 5 is prepared by a vacuum gas atomization method.

[0121] It should be noted that the particle size of the aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing provided by the present embodiment 5 is 20 μm to 63 μm.

[0122] Before the additive manufacturing with the aluminum alloy material provided in this embodiment 5, first based on the three-dimensional model of the target aluminum alloy part, the three-dimensional model is sliced according to the set thickness, and then the aluminum alloy material is dried in a vacuum drying box and added to the powder bin of the additive manufacturing equipment. When the oxygen content in the forming chamber of the additive manufacturing equipment is reduced to the set value, the laser beam starts to scan the aluminum alloy material laid on the substrate of the additive manufacturing equipment, and melts the aluminum alloy material according to the profile obtained by the above slicing process to produce metallurgical bonding. Through layer-by-layer accumulation, until the target aluminum alloy part is manufactured.

[0123] After the aluminum alloy part is manufactured, the aluminum alloy part is subjected to aging heat treatment at 350°C for 6h, and then the aluminum alloy part is cooled in air. The tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the aluminum alloy part after heat treatment at room temperature is shown in detail in FIG. 8. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy part manufactured in this embodiment 5 after heat treatment at room temperature is 571 MPa, the yield strength is 530 MPa, and the elongation is 10.4%.

[0124] Embodiment 6

[0125] An aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, by mass percentage, the aluminum alloy material comprises: Mn: 0.50wt.%, Cr: 0.50wt.%, Cu: 1.00wt.%, Ti: 2.50wt.%, Fe: 0.10wt.%, Mg: 3.80wt.%, Si: 3.00wt.%, and the rest is Al and unavoidable impurity elements O, element N and element H.

[0126] In some examples, the aluminum alloy material provided in this embodiment 6 is prepared by a vacuum gas atomization method.

[0127] It should be noted that the particle size of the aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing provided in this embodiment 6 is 20μm to 63μm.

[0128] Before the additive manufacturing with the aluminum alloy material provided in this embodiment 6, first based on the three-dimensional model of the target aluminum alloy part, the three-dimensional model is sliced according to the set thickness, and then the aluminum alloy material is dried in a vacuum drying box and added to the powder bin of the additive manufacturing equipment. When the oxygen content in the forming chamber of the additive manufacturing equipment is reduced to the set value, the laser beam starts to scan the aluminum alloy material laid on the substrate of the additive manufacturing equipment, and melts the aluminum alloy material according to the profile obtained by the above slicing process to produce metallurgical bonding. Through layer-by-layer accumulation, until the target aluminum alloy part is manufactured.

[0129] After the aluminum alloy part is manufactured, the aluminum alloy part is subjected to an aging heat treatment at 165 °C for 4 h, and then the aluminum alloy part is subjected to a cooling treatment in air. The tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part at room temperature is specifically shown in FIG. 9. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy part manufactured in Embodiment 6 after heat treatment at room temperature is 552 MPa, the yield strength is 536 MPa, and the elongation is 8.4%.

[0130] Embodiment 7

[0131] An aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, by mass percent, the aluminum alloy material comprises: Mn: 0.10 wt.%, Cr: 1.00 wt.%, Cu: 2.00 wt.%, Ti: 0.50 wt.%, Fe: 0.10 wt.%, Mg: 0.50 wt.%, Si: 4.80 wt.%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements O, element N and element H.

[0132] In some examples, the aluminum alloy material provided by Embodiment 7 is prepared by a vacuum gas atomization method.

[0133] It should be noted that the particle size of the aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing provided by Embodiment 7 is 15 μm to 53 μm.

[0134] Before additive manufacturing is performed using the aluminum alloy material provided by Embodiment 7, first, based on the three-dimensional model of the target aluminum alloy part, the three-dimensional model is sliced according to the set thickness, and then the aluminum alloy material is dried in a vacuum drying box and then added to the powder bin of the additive manufacturing equipment. When the oxygen content in the forming chamber of the additive manufacturing equipment is reduced to a set value, the laser beam starts to scan the aluminum alloy material laid on the substrate of the additive manufacturing equipment, and melts the aluminum alloy material according to the profile obtained by the above slicing treatment to produce metallurgical bonding. Through layer-by-layer accumulation, until the target aluminum alloy part is manufactured.

[0135] After the aluminum alloy part is manufactured, the aluminum alloy part is subjected to an aging heat treatment at 165 °C for 4 h, and then the aluminum alloy part is subjected to a cooling treatment in air. The tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part at room temperature is specifically shown in FIG. 9. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy part manufactured in Embodiment 6 after heat treatment at room temperature is 552 MPa, the yield strength is 536 MPa, and the elongation is 8.4%.

[0136] Embodiment 8

[0137] An aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, by mass percent, the aluminum alloy material comprises: Mn: 1.00 wt.%, Cr: 3.00 wt.%, Cu: 2.00 wt.%, Zr: 2.00 wt.%, Ti: 1.50 wt.%, Fe: 0.20 wt.%, Mg: 0.50 wt.%, Si: 0.50 wt.%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements O, N and H.

[0138] In some examples, the aluminum alloy material provided by the present embodiment 8 is prepared by a vacuum gas atomization method.

[0139] It should be noted that the particle size of the aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing provided by the present embodiment 8 is 20 μm to 75 μm.

[0140] Before additive manufacturing using the aluminum alloy material provided by the present embodiment 8, first, based on the three-dimensional model of the target aluminum alloy part, the three-dimensional model is sliced according to the set thickness, and then the aluminum alloy material is dried in a vacuum drying box and added to the powder bin of the additive manufacturing equipment. When the oxygen content in the forming chamber of the additive manufacturing equipment is reduced to a set value, the laser beam starts to scan the aluminum alloy material laid on the substrate of the additive manufacturing equipment, and melts the aluminum alloy material according to the profile obtained by the above slicing process to produce metallurgical bonding. Through layer-by-layer accumulation, until the target aluminum alloy part is manufactured.

[0141] After the aluminum alloy part is manufactured, the aluminum alloy part is subjected to aging heat treatment at 375°C for 4h, and then cooled in air. The tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the aluminum alloy part after heat treatment at room temperature is shown in detail in FIG. 11. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy part manufactured in the present embodiment 8 after heat treatment at room temperature is 582 MPa, the yield strength is 547 MPa, and the elongation is 9.2%.

[0142] Embodiment 9

[0143] An aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, by mass percent, the aluminum alloy material comprises: Mn: 1.00 wt.%, Cr: 3.00 wt.%, Cu: 2.00 wt.%, Zr: 1.00 wt.%, Ti: 1.00 wt.%, Fe: 0.40 wt.%, Mg: 0.80 wt.%, Si: 0.50 wt.%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements O, N and H.

[0144] In some examples, the aluminum alloy material provided by the present embodiment 9 is prepared by a vacuum gas atomization method.

[0145] It should be noted that the particle size of the aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing provided in this embodiment 9 is 20 pm to 63 pm.

[0146] Before additive manufacturing with the aluminum alloy material provided in this embodiment 9, first, based on the three-dimensional model of the target aluminum alloy part, the three-dimensional model is sliced according to the set thickness, and then the aluminum alloy material is dried in a vacuum drying oven and added to the powder bin of the additive manufacturing equipment. When the oxygen content in the forming chamber of the additive manufacturing equipment is reduced to the set value, the laser beam starts to scan the aluminum alloy material laid on the substrate of the additive manufacturing equipment, and melts the aluminum alloy material according to the profile obtained by the above slicing process to produce metallurgical bonding. Through layer-by-layer accumulation, until the target aluminum alloy part is manufactured.

[0147] After the aluminum alloy part is manufactured, the aluminum alloy part is subjected to aging heat treatment at 350°C for 6h, and then the aluminum alloy part is cooled in air. The tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part at room temperature is shown in detail in FIG. 12. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy part manufactured in this embodiment 9 at room temperature after heat treatment is 571 MPa, the yield strength is 539 MPa, and the elongation is 10.7%.

[0148] Embodiment 10

[0149] An aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, by mass percent, the aluminum alloy material comprises: Mn: 0.20wt.%, Cr: 2.50wt.%, Cu: 2.00wt.%, Zr: 0.50wt.%, Ti: 0.50wt.%, Fe: 1.00wt.%, Mg: 1.00wt.%, Si: 2.00wt.%, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements O, element N and element H.

[0150] In some examples, the aluminum alloy material provided in this embodiment 10 is prepared by a vacuum gas atomization method.

[0151] It should be noted that the particle size of the aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing provided in this embodiment 10 is 20 pm to 63 pm.

[0152] Before the additive manufacturing with the aluminum alloy material provided in this embodiment 10, first based on the three-dimensional model of the target aluminum alloy part, the three-dimensional model is sliced according to the set thickness, and then the aluminum alloy material is dried in a vacuum drying box and added to the powder bin of the additive manufacturing equipment. When the oxygen content in the forming chamber of the additive manufacturing equipment is reduced to the set value, the laser beam starts to scan the aluminum alloy material laid on the substrate of the additive manufacturing equipment, and melts the aluminum alloy material according to the profile obtained by the above slicing process to produce metallurgical bonding. Through layer-by-layer accumulation, until the target aluminum alloy part is manufactured.

[0153] After the aluminum alloy part is manufactured, the aluminum alloy part is subjected to aging heat treatment at 350°C for 4h, and then the aluminum alloy part is cooled in air. The tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the aluminum alloy part after heat treatment at room temperature is shown in detail in FIG. 13. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy part manufactured in this embodiment 10 after heat treatment at room temperature is 582MPa, the yield strength is 527MPa, and the elongation is 10.6%.

[0154] Comparative Example 1

[0155] An aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, by mass percentage, the aluminum alloy material comprises: Mn: 0.80wt.%, Cr: 3.00wt.%, Cu: 2.00wt.%, Zr: 0.20wt.%, Ti: 0.10wt.%, Fe: 1.00wt.%, Mg: 2.00wt.%, Si: 1.00wt.%, and the rest is Al and unavoidable impurity elements O, element N and element H.

[0156] In some examples, the aluminum alloy material provided in this comparative example 1 is prepared by a vacuum gas atomization method.

[0157] It should be noted that the particle size of the aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing provided in this comparative example 1 is 20μm to 63μm.

[0158] Before the additive manufacturing with the aluminum alloy material provided in this comparative example 1, first based on the three-dimensional model of the target aluminum alloy part, the three-dimensional model is sliced according to the set thickness, and then the aluminum alloy material is dried in a vacuum drying box and added to the powder bin of the additive manufacturing equipment. When the oxygen content in the forming chamber of the additive manufacturing equipment is reduced to the set value, the laser beam starts to scan the aluminum alloy material laid on the substrate of the additive manufacturing equipment, and melts the aluminum alloy material according to the profile obtained by the above slicing process to produce metallurgical bonding. Through layer-by-layer accumulation, until the target aluminum alloy part is manufactured.

[0159] After the aluminum alloy part was manufactured, the aluminum alloy part was subjected to aging heat treatment at 350℃ for 4h, and then the aluminum alloy part was subjected to cooling treatment in air. The tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve of the heat-treated aluminum alloy part at room temperature is specifically shown in FIG. 14. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy part manufactured in Comparative Example 1 after heat treatment at room temperature was 531MPa, the yield strength was 497MPa, and the elongation was 5.6%.

[0160] The example embodiments of the present disclosure described in detail above are merely illustrative, rather than limiting. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and combinations of these embodiments or features thereof can be made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present disclosure, and such modifications shall fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Industrial applicability

[0161] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide an aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, a preparation method thereof, and an aluminum alloy part; through alloy composition design, under the condition of rapid cooling in additive manufacturing, fine Al3Zr particles and / or Al3Ti particles generated in the solidification process of elements Zr and / or elements Ti and the base Al are used as heterogeneous nucleation cores to refine grains and reduce the thermal cracking tendency of the aluminum alloy part, thereby improving the forming performance of the aluminum alloy part. In addition, by not adding element Zn, the porosity defects in the aluminum alloy part are eliminated or reduced, and the density and surface quality of the aluminum alloy part are improved.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, characterized by, The aluminum alloy material comprises, by mass percentage: Mn: 0.01 wt.% to 4.00 wt.%; Cr: 0.10 wt.% to 5.00 wt.%; Cu: 0.10 wt.% to 2.50 wt.%; Fe: 0.01 wt.% to 1.50 wt.%; Mg: 0.10 wt.% to 4.00 wt.%; Si: 0.10 wt.% to 5.00 wt.%; Ti: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.% or Zr: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.% or Ti+Zr: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.%; the balance being Al and inevitable at least one impurity element.

2. The aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized by, each of the at least one impurity element comprises, by mass percentage, less than 0.05 wt.%.

3. The aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing of claim 1, wherein, the sum of the contents of Mn, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg and Si in the aluminum alloy material is 6.00 wt.% to 9.00 wt.% by mass percentage.

4. The aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing of claim 1, wherein, the mass ratio of Mg to Si in the aluminum alloy material is less than 1.

73.

5. The aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing of claim 1, wherein, the aluminum alloy material is a powder material.

6. The aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing of claim 5, wherein, the particle size of the powder material comprises 15 μm to 75 μm.

7. The aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing of claim 1, wherein, the aluminum alloy material is a rod, wire or filament.

8. A method for producing an aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing, characterized by, the preparation method comprises: preparing an aluminum alloy material from metal raw materials in a set ratio; wherein, by mass percentage, the metal raw materials comprise: Mn: 0.01 wt.% to 4.00 wt.%; Cr: 0.10 wt.% to 5.00 wt.%; Cu: 0.10 wt.% to 2.50 wt.%; Fe: 0.01 wt.% to 1.50 wt.%; Mg: 0.10 wt.% to 4.00 wt.%; Si: 0.10 wt.% to 5.00 wt.%; Ti: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.% or Zr: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.% or Ti+Zr: 0.50 wt.% to 3.50 wt.%; the balance being Al and inevitable at least one impurity element.

9. An aluminum alloy part characterized by, the aluminum alloy part is obtained by additive manufacturing according to the aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. The aluminum alloy part of claim 9, wherein, the aluminum alloy part has a tensile strength greater than 540 MPa, a yield strength greater than 510 MPa and an elongation greater than 8% at room temperature after heat treatment; wherein the heat treatment comprises: heat treating the aluminum alloy part at 160 ℃ to 380 ℃ for 2 hours to 8 hours, and cooling the aluminum alloy part in air.

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