Method for managing measurement gaps, user equipment, and base station for coverage enhancement
By aligning MGRP with XR traffic periods and configuring priority levels, the method addresses the overlap issue between CG-PUSCH TOs and MGs, enhancing system capacity and throughput for XR services.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/094095
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-09-26
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-13
AI Technical Summary
The increased number of CG-PUSCH TOs in 3GPP Release 18 significantly increases the probability of overlap between transmission occasions and Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, reducing uplink capacity, particularly for XR services demanding high data rates and low latency.
Adjusting Measurement Gap Repetition Period (MGRP) values to align with XR traffic periods, configuring priority levels for data transmission/reception relative to MGs, and providing semi-static and dynamic configurations to indicate skippable MGs, along with UE assistance information for informed network configurations.
Enhances system capacity and reduces latency by minimizing overlaps between CGs and MGs, optimizing measurement procedures, and improving throughput for XR applications.
Smart Images

Figure CN2025094095_13112025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHOD FOR MANAGING MEASUREMENT GAPS, USER EQUIPMENT, AND BASE STATION FOR COVERAGE ENHANCEMENTBACKGROUND OF DISCLOSURE1. Field of Disclosure
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication systems, and more particularly, to a method for managing measurement gaps, a user equipment, and a base station. 2. Description of Related Art
[0002] Mobile communication networks have been evolving to support increasingly demanding applications with higher data rate requirements. During the development of 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 18, multiple configured grant physical uplink shared channel (CG-PUSCH) transmission occasions (TOs) within a single configured grant (CG) period were studied as a mechanism to increase uplink capacity for video transmission services. While this approach enhances uplink throughput, it introduces a technical challenge: the increased number of CG-PUSCH TOs significantly increases the probability of overlap between these transmission occasions and Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, thereby reducing the effective uplink capacity.
[0003] This technical challenge has become particularly relevant for Extended Reality (XR) services, which demand high data rates, low latency, and consistent connectivity. To address these requirements, the 3GPP Release 19 Work Item (WI) on XR phase 3 Enhancements for New Radio (NR_XR_Ph3) focuses on improvements to system capacity, quality of service (QoS) mechanisms, and power consumption optimization. A key technical objective identified in the work item description (WID) of NR_XR_Ph3 involves enabling transmission and / or reception during measurement gaps (MGs) or scheduling restrictions caused by RRM measurements, such as synchronization signal block (SSB) based measurements or channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) based measurements. This capability represents a critical enhancement for increasing system capacity for XR services.
[0004] Specifically, the NR_XR_Ph3 WID aims to specify enhancements enabling transmission / reception in gaps and restrictions caused by various RRM measurements, including inter-frequency RRM measurement gaps, intra-frequency measurements, and other scheduling restrictions.TECHNICAL PROBLEM
[0005] XR has emerged as a significant service for New Radio (NR) in Release 18 and beyond. XR encompasses all real-and-virtual combined environments that facilitate human-to-human and human-to-machine communications through handheld and wearable User Equipment (UE) . These use cases span augmented reality (AR) , virtual reality (VR) , and mixed reality (MR) applications. While XR presents compelling opportunities for future mobile systems, it also introduces technical challenges that require systematic investigation and resolution.
[0006] XR applications predominantly involve video streaming characterized by quasi-periodic traffic patterns with potential jitter and high downlink (DL) data rates, coupled with frequent uplink (UL) transmissions for pose / control updates and / or UL video streaming. Typical XR applications operate at frame rates of 60, 90, or 120 frames per second (fps) , corresponding to frame periods of 50 / 3ms, 100 / 9ms, and 25 / 3ms, respectively. At each transmission time, the UE processes or generates traffic bursts consisting of various video frame types (e.g., I-frames, P-frames, or B-frames) . These frames may have variable payload sizes, and the number of protocol data units (PDUs) per video frame varies depending on the generated frame type. Given the periodic nature of these traffic bursts, XR traffic is particularly suited for transmission on periodic resources, such as those scheduled through connected mode discontinuous reception (CDRX) , semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) for downlink data, or CG allocations.
[0007] As illustrated in FIG. 1, a significant technical challenge arises from the overlap between CG-PUSCH TOs and MGs. For example, considering an uplink burst period (such as for video streams) of 50 / 3ms, with CGs configured at 16×14 symbols (equivalent to 16ms) for 15kHz subcarrier spacing, and 5 CG-PUSCH TOs per CG period, substantial overlaps occur with MGs configured with parameters such as gap offset=4ms, Measurement Gap Repetition Period (MGRP) =20ms, Measurement Gap Length (MGL) =3ms, and Measurement Gap Timing Advance (MGTA) =0.5ms. Under these configurations, the last CG-PUSCH TO in the first CG period and the first four CG-PUSCH TOs in the fifth CG period overlap with MGs. Currently, CG-PUSCH TOs must be abandoned in favor of measurements during these overlaps, resulting in significant reduction in uplink capacity. Therefore, developing mechanisms to enable transmission and / or reception during Measurement Gaps represents a critical technical challenge that requires innovative solutions.SUMMARY
[0008] An object of the present disclosure is to propose a user equipment, a base station, and method for managing measurement gaps.
[0009] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the invention provides a method for managing measurement gaps for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising: receiving, from a base station, a configuration for enabling transmission and reception during measurement gaps (MGs) ; receiving, from the base station, a dynamic configuration in a Downlink Control Information (DCI) format, wherein the dynamic configuration includes a one-bit indication for indicating whether to skip a measurement gap; determining whether to skip performing measurements during a measurement gap based on at least one of: a priority level assigned to the MGs, a priority level assigned to configured grants (CGs) , a priority level for a discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration, a skip type indicator, or the one-bit indication; and transmitting or receiving data during the measurement gap based on the determination whether to skip performing measurements, wherein the one-bit indication corresponds to the measurement gap occurring after a predetermined time offset from reception of the DCI format.
[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the invention provides a method for managing measurement gaps for execution by a base station, comprising: transmitting, to a user equipment (UE) , a configuration for enabling transmission and reception during measurement gaps (MGs) of the UE; and transmitting a dynamic configuration in a Downlink Control Information (DCI) format for skipping measurements by the UE during a measurement gap; wherein the dynamic configuration includes at least one of a one-bit indication for indicating whether to skip a measurement gap, a priority level assigned to the MGs, a priority level assigned to configured grants (CGs) , a priority level for a discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration, or a skip type indicator; wherein the one-bit indication corresponds to the measurement gap occurring after a predetermined time offset from reception of the DCI format.
[0011] An embodiment of the invention provides a base station comprising a processor configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to cause a device in which the chip is installed to execute the disclosed method and any combination of embodiments of the disclosed method.
[0012] An embodiment of the invention provides a user equipment comprising a processor configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to cause a device in which the chip is installed to execute the disclosed method and any combination of embodiments of the disclosed method.
[0013] The disclosed method may be programmed as computer executable instructions stored in non-transitory computer readable medium. The non-transitory computer readable medium, when loaded to a computer, directs a processor of the computer to execute the disclosed method.
[0014] The non-transitory computer readable medium may comprise at least one from a group consisting of:a hard disk, a CD-ROM, an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, a Read Only Memory, a Programmable Read Only Memory, an Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, EPROM, an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory and a Flash memory.
[0015] The disclosed method may be programmed as a computer program product, that causes a computer to execute the disclosed method.
[0016] The disclosed method may be programmed as a computer program, that causes a computer to execute the disclosed method.Advantageous EffectsTechnical Solutions1. Adjusting MGRP values to fit the XR traffic period. MGRPs with non-integer values (i.e., video streaming period) may be considered. If MGRPs with non-integer values are not adopted, at least adjusting MGRP values is performed to fit the CG period. Alternatively, multiple MG configurations with different offsets can be considered.2. Configuring appropriate priority for data transmission / reception and MG. When the CG is configured for UL transmission, and the CG priority is higher than MG priority, the UE can transmit data on the CG-PUSCH TO (s) instead of performing measurements when the CG-PUSCH overlaps with the MGs. When the DRX configuration is configured for data transmission / reception, and the DRX priority is higher than MG priority, the UE can transmit / receive data on the active state in the DRX period instead of performing measurements when the active state overlaps with MGs. CG priority, DRX priority, and / or MG priority can be configured in a radio resource control (RRC) message.3. Transmitting semi-static configuration and / or dynamic configuration to indicate whether / which MGs can be fully or partially skipped. Semi-static configuration may be pre-configured in an RRC message to indicate a time duration that the MG can be fully / partially skipped. Dynamic configuration may be a medium access control (MAC) message or a down control information (DCI) that indicates one or more than one MG after the MAC message or the DCI can be fully / partially skipped.4. The UE provides the gNB with the assistance information to facilitate the semi-static configuration and dynamic configuration for the MGs.5. For uplink transmission, a UE may autonomously skip / deactivate the MG based on UE’s condition (s) . (e.g., buffer status, remaining packet delay budget of the packet in the buffer, UE’s mobility state, UE’s position, etc. ) When the condition (s) are satisfied, the UE may report to the gNB the time duration of the MGs that it will skip / deactivate. After receiving the report, the gNB may skip transmitting dynamic configuration for the time duration.
[0017] Advantageous Effects:
[0018] The described techniques provide several technical effects that enhance the efficiency and flexibility of measurement gap (MG) management in wireless communication systems, particularly in scenarios involving extended reality (XR) traffic and configured grants (CGs) .
[0019] Firstly, adjusting the Measurement Gap Repetition Period (MGRP) values to more closely align with the periodic nature of XR traffic, potentially including non-integer values that directly correspond to video streaming periods, or at least adapting MGRP to fit the CG period, improves the scheduling efficiency by minimizing overlapping between CGs and MGs. Considering multiple MG configurations with different offsets further contributes to this efficiency by providing finer-grained control over MG placement.
[0020] Secondly, the explicit configuration of priority levels for data transmission / reception (via CG or DRX active periods) relative to MGs enables intelligent handling of overlapping events. By assigning a higher priority to data transmission in certain scenarios, such as when a CG for uplink transmission or a DRX active period overlaps with an MG, the UE can prioritize data exchange over performing measurements, thus improving throughput and reducing latency for time-sensitive applications like XR. These priorities can be configured via RRC signaling, providing network-level control.
[0021] Thirdly, the transmission of semi-static and dynamic configurations to indicate skippable MGs offers a mechanism to optimize measurement procedures based on various factors. Semi-static configurations, pre-configured via RRC, can define time durations during which MGs can be fully or partially skipped based on predictable traffic patterns or network conditions. Dynamic configurations, signaled through MAC messages or DCI, allow for real-time adjustments to MG skipping for one or more subsequent MGs, providing the flexibility to adapt to immediate traffic demands or channel conditions.
[0022] Fourthly, the provision of UE assistance information to the gNB facilitates more informed semi-static and dynamic MG configurations. By sharing details about traffic characteristics, channel conditions, mobility state, and allowed MG skipping periods, the UE enables the gNB to tailor the MG configuration more accurately to the UE's specific needs and the network's overall resource management strategy.
[0023] Finally, for uplink transmissions, allowing the UE to autonomously skip or deactivate MGs based on its local conditions (e.g., buffer status, remaining packet delay budget, mobility state, position) enhances responsiveness and reduces potential conflicts between urgent uplink data and scheduled measurements. The UE's ability to report the duration of skipped / deactivated MGs to the gNB allows the network to avoid unnecessary dynamic configuration signaling during those periods, further reducing overhead. These mechanisms collectively contribute to a more efficient, flexible, and responsive wireless communication system, particularly for demanding applications like XR.
[0024] The primary benefits of these solutions are increased system capacity (both uplink and downlink) . Enabling transmission and reception during measurement gaps is particularly beneficial for XR traffic and is being standardized in related wireless communication, such as NR.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or related art, the following figures will be described in the embodiments are briefly introduced. It is obvious that the drawings are merely some embodiments of the present disclosure, a person having ordinary skill in this field may obtain other figures according to these figures without paying the premise.
[0026] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view showing overlaps between the CG-PUSCH TOs and the MGs
[0027] FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic view showing overlaps between the measurement gaps and the configured grants.
[0028] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic view showing a wireless communication system comprising a user equipment (UE) , a base station, and a network entity.
[0029] FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic view showing a method for managing measurement gaps according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0030] FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic view showing an example where MGRP is aligned with XR traffic period.
[0031] FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic view showing an example where MGRP is aligned with CG period.
[0032] FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic view showing multiple MG configuration with the same MGRP but different offset.
[0033] FIG. 8 illustrates a schematic view showing an example of semi-static configuration (s) for deactivating the measurement gaps.
[0034] FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic view showing a dynamic indication before the CG-PUSCH TOs or the MG.
[0035] FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic view showing an example where a UE performs measurements on the remaining MG.
[0036] FIG. 11 illustrates a schematic view showing an example where a UE first performs measurements and then deactivates the remaining MG based on the received scheduling DCI.
[0037] FIG. 12 illustrates a schematic view showing a gNB indication 1 and the corresponding measurement gap (MG) .
[0038] FIG. 13 illustrates a schematic view showing an example where a UE performs measurements on the remaining portion of an MG.
[0039] FIG. 14 illustrates a schematic view showing an example where a UE first performs measurements and then deactivates the remaining MG based on the CG configuration.
[0040] FIG. 15 illustrates a schematic view showing a gNB indication 2 and the corresponding configured grant (CG) .
[0041] FIG. 16 illustrates a schematic view showing a dynamic indication before the DRX active state or the MG.
[0042] FIG. 17 illustrates a schematic view showing an example where a UE performs measurements on the remaining MG.
[0043] FIG. 18 illustrates a schematic view showing an example where a UE first performs measurements and then deactivates the remaining MG based on the DRX configuration.
[0044] FIG. 19 illustrates a schematic view showing a gNB indication 3 and the corresponding DRX ON period.
[0045] FIG. 20 illustrates a schematic view showing a procedure of configuring measurement gaps for UE.
[0046] FIG. 21 illustrates a schematic view showing a procedure for updating measurement gaps for UE.
[0047] FIG. 22 illustrates a schematic view showing a procedure of configuring dynamic configurations.
[0048] FIG. 23 illustrates a schematic view showing an example of a UE.
[0049] FIG. 24 illustrates a schematic view showing an example of a base station.
[0050] FIG. 25 illustrates a schematic view showing a chip or executing the disclosed method in a UE.
[0051] FIG. 26 illustrates a schematic view showing a chip or executing the disclosed method in a base station.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0052] Embodiments of the disclosure are described in detail with the technical matters, structural features, achieved objects, and effects with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows. Specifically, the terminologies in the embodiments of the present disclosure are merely for describing the purpose of the certain embodiment, but not to limit the disclosure.
[0053] A measurement gap (MG) is a periodic measurement window during which a User Equipment (UE) must cease transmitting or receiving data to perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements such as synchronization signal block (SSB) based measurements or CSI-RS based measurements.
[0054] The measurement gap consists of several configurable parameters: Measurement Gap Length (MGL) which determines the duration of the gap (e.g., 1ms, 1.5ms, 2ms, 3ms, 3.5ms, 4ms, 5ms, 5.5ms, 6ms, 10ms, 20ms) , MGRP which defines how frequently the gaps occur (e.g., 20ms, 40ms, 80ms, 160ms) , gap offset which sets the timing offset for when measurements begin, and Measurement Gap Timing Advance (MGTA) which allows the UE to start preparing for measurements in advance (e.g., 0.5ms) .
[0055] During a configured measurement gap: When MGs are configured, UE needs to stop transmitting / receiving data to perform RRM measurements to check the radio link quality, which means the data cannot be transmitted / received during MGs. This creates conflicts with periodic data transmission in XR (Extended Reality) applications, which typically operate at frame rates of 60, 90, or 120 frames per second (fps) with frame periods of 50 / 3ms, 100 / 9ms, and 25 / 3ms, respectively.
[0056] The fundamental issue is that increasing CG-PUSCH TOs will also increase the overlapping probability between the CG-PUSCH TOs and RRM measurements such that the uplink capacity is reduced. When these overlaps occur, the UE must prioritize measurement over data transmission, resulting in reduced throughput and potentially impacting the user experience for latency-sensitive XR applications.
[0057] Overlapping probabilities based on CG periods, number of CG-PUSCH TOs in one CG period, and MGRP:
[0058] FIG. 2 illustrates Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) Transmission Occasions (TOs) and Measurement Gaps (MGs) . Such overlaps occur when the configured time durations of the CG and the MG coincide. As depicted in FIG. 2, the grid rectangle represents the MGTA, indicating the period before the actual start of a measurement gap during which a UE commences measurements. The likelihood and extent of these overlaps can be influenced by several factors, including the duration of the CG period, the number of CG-PUSCH TOs scheduled within a single CG period, and the Measurement Gap Repetition Periodicity (MGRP) . Understanding and managing these overlaps is crucial for efficient resource utilization and uninterrupted communication.
[0059] Table A1 illustrates the overlapping probability between MGs with periodicities of 20, 40, or 80 milliseconds and varying Configured Grant (CG) periods. In this analysis, the number of Configured Grant Physical Uplink Shared Channel (CG-PUSCH) TOs within a CG period is set to three, and the MGL is also configured to three slots. Notably, the gap offset of the MGs is configured to minimize the overlapping probability. The table indicates scenarios where at least one overlap occurs between CGs and MGs within the skip common multiple of the CG period and MGRP (denoted by 'O' ) , and scenarios where overlaps can be avoided through appropriate configuration of the CG period and MG parameters like gap offset and MGRP (denoted by 'X' ) . The values in parentheses represent the calculated overlapping probability under the skip common multiple of the respective periods. Notably, a CG period of 4ms renders overlap completely unavoidable, especially when the number of CG-PUSCH TOs significantly exceeds the number of MGs within the skip common multiple. To address this, a UE may prioritize measurement efficiency during handover or link failure by selectively sacrificing some CG-PUSCH TOs. As the CG period increases (e.g., to 8ms, 16ms, 32ms, 64ms) or the MGRP increases (e.g., to 20ms, 40ms, or 80ms) , the probability of overlap generally decreases. Furthermore, when the MGRP is a multiple of the CG period (e.g., 20ms MGRP with a 10ms CG period) , MGs can be precisely scheduled between CG-PUSCH TOs, effectively preventing any overlap. Table A1 Overlapping probability based on CG periods and MGRP (s)
[0060] Table A2 illustrates the overlapping probability of MGs with periodicities of 20, 40, or 80 milliseconds against a varying number of CG Physical Uplink Shared Channel (CG-PUSCH) TOs within a fixed CG period of 16 milliseconds. As the number of CG-PUSCH TOs configured within this 16ms period increases, the probability of overlap with the MGs also tends to increase. This is because a higher density of uplink transmissions within the CG period leaves less opportunity for the scheduled measurement gaps to occur without temporal collision. Table A2 Overlapping probability based on number of CG-PUSCH TOs in one CG period and MGRP (s)
[0061] Table A3 illustrates the overlapping probability of MGs with periodicities of 16, 32, or 64 milliseconds against a varying number of CG Physical Uplink Shared Channel (CG-PUSCH) TOs, where the CG period is fixed at 16 milliseconds. Notably, because the Measurement Gap Repetition Periodicity (MGRP) values (16ms, 32ms, or 64ms) presented in this table are multiples of the configured CG period (16ms) , temporal overlaps between CGs and MGs are avoided even when a high number of CG-PUSCH TOs are scheduled within the CG period. Table A3 Overlapping probability based on number of CG-PUSCH TOs in one CG period and MGRP (s)
[0062] To further mitigate the potential for overlapping between CGs and MGs in more general scenarios, new MGRP values may be introduced within the MeasGapConfig Information Element (IE) . These new values can include non-integer values that conform to the periodicity of Extended Reality (XR) traffic or integer values that conform to CG periods, thereby enabling a more precise scheduling of MGs between CG-PUSCH TOs and minimizing the likelihood of overlap.
[0063] With reference to FIG. 3, a telecommunication system including a UE 10a, a UE 10b, a base station (BS) 20a, and a network entity device 30 executes the disclosed method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is shown for illustrative not limiting, and the system may comprise more UEs, BSs, and CN entities. Connections between devices and device components are shown as lines and arrows in the FIGs. The UE 10a may include a processor 11a, a memory 12a, and a transceiver 13a. The UE 10b may include a processor 11b, a memory 12b, and a transceiver 13b. The base station 20a may include a processor 21a, a memory 22a, and a transceiver 23a. The network entity device 30 may include a processor 31, a memory 32, and a transceiver 33. Each of the processors 11a, 11b, 21a, and 31 may be configured to implement proposed functions, procedures and / or methods described in the description. Layers of radio interface protocol may be implemented in the processors 11a, 11b, 21a, and 31. Each of the memory 12a, 12b, 22a, and 32 operatively stores a variety of programs and information to operate a connected processor. Each of the transceivers 13a, 13b, 23a, and 33 is operatively coupled with a connected processor, and transmits and / or receives radio signals or wireline signals. The UE 10a may be in communication with the UE 10b through a sidelink. The base station 20a may be an eNB, a gNB, or one of other types of radio nodes, and may configure radio resources for the UE 10a and UE 10b.
[0064] Each of the processors 11a, 11b, 21a, and 31 may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASICs) , other chipsets, logic circuits and / or data processing devices. Each of the memory 12a, 12b, 22a, and 32 may include read-only memory (ROM) , a random access memory (RAM) , a flash memory, a memory card, a storage medium and / or other storage devices. Each of the transceivers 13a, 13b, 23a, and 33 may include baseband circuitry and radio frequency (RF) circuitry to process radio frequency signals. When the embodiments are implemented in software, the techniques described herein may be implemented with modules, procedures, functions, entities, and so on, that perform the functions described herein. The modules may be stored in a memory and executed by the processors. The memory may be implemented within a processor or external to the processor, in which those may be communicatively coupled to the processor via various means are known in the art.
[0065] The network entity device 30 may be a node in a CN. CN may include LTE CN or 5G core (5GC) which includes user plane function (UPF) , session management function (SMF) , access and mobility management function (AMF) , unified data management (UDM) , policy control function (PCF) , control plane (CP) / user plane (UP) separation (CUPS) , authentication server (AUSF) , network slice selection function (NSSF) , and the network exposure function (NEF) .
[0066] An example of the UE in the description may include one of the UE 10a or UE 10b. An example of the base station in the description may include the base station 20a. Uplink (UL) transmission of a control signal or data may be a transmission operation from a UE to a base station. Downlink (DL) transmission of a control signal or data may be a transmission operation from a base station to a UE. A DL control signal may comprise downlink control information (DCI) or an RRC signal, from a base station to a UE.
[0067] With reference to FIG. 4, a user equipment 10a and a base station 20a execute an embodiment of a method for managing measurement gaps. An example of the user equipment in the description may include one of the UE 10a or UE 10b. An example of the gNB in the description may include the base station 20a.
[0068] Step S001: The gNB 20a transmits, to UE 10a, a configuration for enabling transmission and reception during measurement gaps (MGs) of the UE 10a. The UE 10a receives, from the gNB 20a, the configuration for enabling transmission and reception during measurement gaps (MGs) ;
[0069] Step S002: The gNB 20 transmits a dynamic configuration in a Downlink Control Information (DCI) format for skipping measurements by the UE during a measurement gap. The UE 10a receives, from the gNB 20a, the dynamic configuration in the DCI format. The dynamic configuration includes at least one of a one-bit indication for indicating whether to skip a measurement gap, a priority level assigned to the MGs, a priority level assigned to configured grants (CGs) , a priority level for a discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration, or a skip type indicator.
[0070] Step S003: The UE 10a determines whether to skip performing measurements during a measurement gap based on at least one of: a priority level assigned to the MGs, a priority level assigned to configured grants (CGs) , a priority level for a discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration, a skip type indicator, or the one-bit indication.
[0071] Step S004: The UE 10a transmits or receives data during the measurement gap based on the determination whether to skip performing measurements. The one-bit indication corresponds to the first measurement gap occurring after a predetermined time offset from reception of the DCI format.
[0072] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the skip type indicator indicates how measurement gaps are to be skipped when the measurement gaps overlap with data transmission or reception; wherein the skip type indicator is set to one of: no skip, full skip, semi-full skip, or partial skip, where: no skip indicates that the UE performs measurements during all measurement gaps regardless of overlaps with data transmission or reception, full skip indicates that the UE skips all measurement gaps that overlap with data transmission or reception, semi-full skip indicates that the UE skips an entire measurement gap if any part of the measurement gap overlaps with data transmission or reception, and partial skip indicates that the UE skips only the portion of a measurement gap that overlaps with data transmission or reception while continuing to perform measurements in the non-overlapping portion.
[0073] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the one-bit indication set to a first value of indicates to skip the measurement gap, and a second value of indicates to not skip the measurement gap.
[0074] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the predetermined time offset is 3 or 5 milliseconds.
[0075] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the base station transmits multiple dynamic configurations with one-bit indications before the measurement gap. In the one-bit indications of the multiple dynamic configurations, the most recently received one-bit indication is for the UE to determine whether to skip the measurement gap. The UE receives multiple dynamic configurations with one-bit indications before the measurement gap and determines whether to skip the measurement gap based on the most recently received one-bit indication.
[0076] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the base station transmits multiple dynamic configurations with one-bit indications before the measurement gap. In the one-bit indications of the multiple dynamic configurations, a first transmitted one-bit indication is for the UE to determine whether to skip the measurement gap. The UE receives multiple dynamic configurations with one-bit indications before the measurement gap. The UE determines whether to skip the measurement gap based on a first received one-bit indication. The skip type indicator is for the UE to perform measurements on a non-overlapping portion of the measurement gap when the measurement gap is partially overlapped with a configured grant (CG) transmission occasion. The UE performs measurements on a non-overlapping portion of the measurement gap when the measurement gap is partially overlapped with a configured grant (CG) transmission occasion.
[0077] In one or more embodiments of the invention, when data transmission begins before the start of the measurement gap and completes before the measurement gap ends, measurements are performed on a remaining portion of the measurement gap that does not overlap with the data transmission. When the measurement gap begins before the start of data transmission and the data transmission begins before the measurement gap ends, measurements are performed on a first portion of the measurement gap before the data transmission begins, and the remaining portion of the measurement gap is skipped.
[0078] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the DCI format is one of: DCI format 0_1, DCI format 1_1, DCI format 0_2, DCI format 1_2, DCI format 0_3, or DCI format 1_3.
[0079] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the UE transmits, to the base station, assistance information indicating a ratio of measurement gap occasions for skipping during a time period. The base station receives the assistance information from the UE.
[0080] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the UE transmits, to the base station, assistance information including traffic characteristics comprising at least one of: burst start time, burst end time, burst period, or burst size. The base station receives the assistance information from the UE.
[0081] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the burst start time is expressed as a time offset relative to a reference time, the burst end time is expressed as the burst start time plus a time interval, and the time offset and the time interval are in units of slots, milliseconds, or microseconds.
[0082] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the UE transmits, to the base station, assistance information including variance of channel condition measurements, wherein the channel condition measurements comprise at least one of: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) , Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) , or Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SINR) for downlink reference signals. The base station receives the assistance information from the UE.
[0083] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the channel condition measurements are reported when crossing a threshold value received from the base station.
[0084] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the UE determines a mobility state based on a variance of channel measurements over a period and transmits, to the base station, assistance information including the determined mobility state. The base station receives the assistance information from the UE.
[0085] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the mobility state is classified as one of: high mobility, medium mobility, or low mobility based on the variance of the channel measurements compared to one or more thresholds.
[0086] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the base station transmits, to the UE, a configuration of a Measurement Gap Repetition Period (MGRP) with a non-integer value matching an Extended Reality (XR) traffic period. The UE receives, from the base station, the configuration of a Measurement Gap Repetition Period (MGRP) with a non-integer value matching an Extended Reality (XR) traffic period.
[0087] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the MGRP with the non-integer value is selected from a group consisting of: 50 / 3 milliseconds, 100 / 9 milliseconds, and 25 / 3 milliseconds, corresponding to XR frame rates of 60, 90, and 120 frames per second, respectively.
[0088] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the base station transmits, to the UE, a configuration of an MGRP aligned with a CG period. The UE receives, from the base station, the configuration of the MGRP aligned with a CG period.
[0089] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the MGRP is configured as an integer multiple of the CG period to prevent overlaps between MGs and CG-Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) Transmission Occasions (TOs) .
[0090] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the MGRP is selected from a group consisting of: 4 milliseconds, 8 milliseconds, 11 milliseconds, 16 milliseconds, 32 milliseconds, 64 milliseconds, and 128 milliseconds.
[0091] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the base station transmits, to the UE, a configuration of multiple Measurement Gap (MG) configurations with different offsets and the same MGRP. The UE receives, from the base station, the configuration of multiple Measurement Gap (MG) configurations with different offsets and the same MGRP.
[0092] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the multiple MG configurations with different offsets are configured to prevent overlaps between MGs and data transmission within a time period equal to a least common multiple of a data transmission period and the MGRP.
[0093] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the UE selectively activates or deactivates one or more of the multiple MG configurations based on a semi-static configuration or a dynamic configuration.
[0094] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the base station transmits, to the UE, a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message configuring the priority level assigned to the CGs. The UE receives, from the base station, the RRC message configuring the priority level assigned to the CGs, wherein determining whether to skip performing measurements during the measurement gap comprises comparing the priority level assigned to the CGs with a priority level assigned to the MGs.
[0095] In one or more embodiments of the invention, when the priority level of the CGs is higher than the priority level of the MGs, the UE transmits data on CG-PUSCH TOs instead of performing measurements when the CG-PUSCH TOs overlap with the MGs.
[0096] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the priority level assigned to the CGs is indicated in a ConfiguredGrantConfig information element.
[0097] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the priority level assigned to the CGs is determined based on a priority of logical channels assigned to the CGs.
[0098] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the base station transmits, to the UE, a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message configuring the priority level assigned to the MGs within a MeasGapConfig information element. The UE receives, from the base station, an RRC message configuring the priority level assigned to the MGs within a MeasGapConfig information element.
[0099] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the priority level assigned to the MGs is assigned a value ranging from 1 to 16 based on UE conditions including at least one of: traffic characteristics, channel conditions, mobility state, or UE position.
[0100] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the base station transmits, to the UE, a RRC message configuring the priority level for the DRX configuration. The UE receives, from the base station, the RRC message configuring the priority level for the DRX configuration, wherein determining whether to skip performing measurements during the measurement gap comprises comparing the priority level of the DRX configuration with the priority level assigned to the MGs.
[0101] In one or more embodiments of the invention, when the priority level for the DRX configuration is higher than the priority level assigned to the MGs, the UE transmits or receives data during active states of the DRX configuration instead of performing measurements when the active states overlap with the MGs.
[0102] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the priority level for the DRX configuration is indicated in a DRX-Config information element.
[0103] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the base station transmits, to the UE, the one-bit indication within at least one of: a MeasGapConfig information element or a DRX-Config information element. The UE receives, from the base station, the one-bit indication within the at least one of: the MeasGapConfig information element or the DRX-Config information element. When the one-bit indication is enabled, the UE skips measurements and prioritizes data transmission or reception in overlapping CG resources or DRX active states.
[0104] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the UE autonomously skips one or more measurement gaps based on UE conditions. The UE conditions comprise a buffer status, channel conditions, or a mobility.
[0105] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the UE determines that a remaining packet delay budget for packets in a UE buffer is below a threshold and autonomously skips the one or more measurement gaps to prioritize transmission of the packets.
[0106] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the UE transmits a Delay Status Report (DSR) to the base station before autonomously skipping the one or more measurement gaps.
[0107] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the UE periodically measures at least one of: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) , Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) , or Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SINR) for downlink reference signals and autonomously skips the one or more measurement gaps when the measured RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR exceeds a threshold.
[0108] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the UE estimates a variance of measured Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) , Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) , or Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SINR) of a serving cell over a period and autonomously skips the one or more measurement gaps when the variance is below a threshold, indicating low mobility.
[0109] In one or more embodiments of the invention, the base station transmits, to the UE, an RRC message or a Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) to enable autonomous measurement gap skipping. The UE receives, from the base station, the RRC message or the Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) to enable autonomous measurement gap skipping.
[0110] In one or more embodiments of the invention, The UE reports, to the base station, a time duration of measurement gaps for autonomously skipping. The base station receives time duration. 1. Adjusting MGRP values to fit the XR traffic period
[0111] XR traffic presents unique challenges for scheduling due to its quasi-periodic nature, potential jitter, high downlink data rates (such as video streaming) , and frequent uplink responses or uplink video streaming. Common periods for video streaming in XR applications include non-integer values based on frames per second (FPS) , such as 30, 60, 90, and 120 FPS. In contrast, existing Measurement Gap Repetition Periodicity (MGRP) values in current communication systems are typically integer multiples of milliseconds, such as 20ms, 40ms, 80ms, and 160ms. This discrepancy in periodicity often leads to unavoidable overlaps between XR traffic transmission / reception and the MGs, regardless of the specific configuration. To address this issue, a particularly effective approach involves adjusting the MGRP to align with the integer multiples of the XR traffic period or, more directly, by incorporating the actual XR traffic periods as new permissible MGRP values. As illustrated in FIG. 5, when the MGRP is configured to match the XR traffic period (in this example, 50 / 3ms) , the MGs and XR traffic can be precisely staggered in time, thereby eliminating temporal overlaps and improving the efficiency of both data transmission and measurements. The specific XR traffic periods, including but not limited to 1001 / 240ms, 25 / 6ms, 25 / 3ms, 1001 / 120ms, 100 / 9ms, 25 / 2ms, 40 / 3ms, 125 / 9ms, 50 / 3ms, 1001 / 60ms, 125 / 6ms, 200 / 9ms, 250 / 9ms, 100 / 3ms, 1001 / 30ms, 125 / 3ms, 1001 / 24ms, 200 / 3ms, 1001 / 15ms, 250 / 3ms, 1001 / 12ms, and 400 / 3ms, or a relevant subset thereof, can be added to the MeasGapConfig IE to enable such optimized scheduling. 1.1 Adjusting MGRP values to fit the CG period
[0112] In 3GPP Release-18, the introduction of multiple CG PUSCH TOs within a single CG period, with a maximum of eight TOs, aims to enhance uplink video streaming capabilities and address potential jitter. While the CG mechanism itself operates with integer-based periods, the supported CG periods vary depending on the configured subcarrier spacing, as exemplified by values such as 2, 7, and n*14 symbols (where 'n' takes various integer values) for different subcarrier spacings like 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, and higher. a、 15 kHz: 2, 7, n*14, where n = {1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20, 32, 40, 64, 80, 128, 160, 320, 640} , and 14symbols = 1ms. b、 30 kHz: 2, 7, n*14, where n = {1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20, 32, 40, 64, 80, 128, 160, 256, 320, 640, 1280} , and 14symbols = 0.5ms. c、 60 kHz with normal CP 2, 7, n*14, where n = {1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20, 32, 40, 64, 80, 128, 160, 256, 320, 512, 640, 1280, 2560} , and 14symbols = 0.25ms. d、 60 kHz with ECP: 2, 6, n*12, where n = {1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20, 32, 40, 64, 80, 128, 160, 256, 320, 512, 640, 1280, 2560} , and 12symbols = 0.25ms. e、 120 kHz: 2, 7, n*14, where n = {1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20, 32, 40, 64, 80, 128, 160, 256, 320, 512, 640, 1024, 1280, 2560, 5120} , and 14symbols = 0.125ms. f、 480 and 960 kHz: n*14, where n = {1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20, 32, 40, 64, 80, 128, 160, 256, 320, 512, 640, 1024, 1280, 2560, 5120} , and 14symbols = 0.03125ms and 0.015625ms, respectively.
[0113] As illustrated in FIG. 6, configuring the Measurement Gap Repetition Periodicity (MGRP) to be the same as the CG period (e.g., 16ms) can enable a perfect staggering of MGs and CG-PUSCH TOs, effectively avoiding overlaps. Although a CG period of 16ms might accommodate uplink bursts for XR traffic with a different underlying period (e.g., 50 / 3ms) , the inherent inconsistency between these periods will eventually lead to challenges in accurately transmitting XR data within the CG framework. Consequently, to ensure sustained efficient transmission and measurement operations, it remains necessary to periodically update the CG configuration or consider the inclusion of non-integer periods within the CG configuration itself to better align with the characteristics of XR traffic. Alternatively, MGRP values such as 4ms, 8ms, 11ms, 16ms, 32ms, 64ms, and 128ms, which may be integer or non-integer values related to XR traffic periods, could be added to the system configuration.
[0114] The overlapping probability between CGs, the number of CG PUSCH TOs within a CG period, and the Measurement Gap Repetition Periodicity (MGRP) is illustrated as aforementioned.
[0115] As illustrated in FIG. 7, a single MG configuration with an MGRP of, for instance, 20ms, can be effectively replaced by configuring multiple MG configurations with a longer MGRP, such as four MG configurations each with an MGRP of 80ms. This approach allows for the staggering of the resulting MGs with uplink data transmissions by appropriately adjusting the offset for each of the multiple MG configurations. Consequently, within the least common multiple of the data transmission period and the MGRP, it becomes possible to completely stagger data transmission and MGs. The primary advantage of this method lies in the ability to avoid MG skipping, thereby ensuring that measurement requirements can be consistently maintained. This technique can be implemented through semi-static configuration or the dynamic configuration mechanisms described in subsequent sections to deactivate any redundant configurations. However, a potential drawback of this approach is the increased signaling overhead associated with configuring multiple MG configurations. 2. Configuring appropriate priority for data transmission / reception and measurement gap
[0116] In accordance with conventional wireless communication protocols, the MG is assigned a higher priority than most data transmissions, such as the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) , PUSCH, and Configured Grant PUSCH (CG-PUSCH) , with the exception of Message 3 (Msg3) in the random access procedure. Consequently, when a scheduled data transmission overlaps with the MG, the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) is required to prioritize performing measurements during the MG, thereby suspending data transmission or reception. This prioritization rule, while ensuring accurate network measurements, introduces limitations in maintaining continuous data connectivity and optimizing resource utilization, particularly in scenarios requiring high-throughput or low-latency communications. The present invention addresses these challenges by proposing a novel mechanism for dynamically managing the prioritization of MG and data transmissions, enabling improved flexibility and efficiency in resource allocation while maintaining measurement integrity.
[0117] To mitigate the capacity reduction that arises from the existing priority rule where MGs generally take precedence over data transmissions (including PDSCH, PUSCH, and CG PUSCH) , with the exception of Msg3 in the random access procedure, a mechanism for configuring appropriate priorities for both data transmission / reception and MGs is proposed. Taking CG as an illustrative example, each CG can be assigned a specific priority level, such as a high priority (e.g., p1) or a low priority (e.g., p0) , as outlined in Table 1. When a CG is configured with a high priority (p1) , a UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) encountering an overlap with a scheduled MG will prioritize data transmission / reception within the CG and skip the measurement. Conversely, if the CG is assigned a low priority (p0) , the UE will prioritize performing the measurement during the MG and skip the data transmission / reception associated with the CG. As an alternative, the priority of a CG can be determined based on the priority of the logical channel (s) (LCHs) (ranging from 1 to 16) that are mapped to the CG, as detailed in Table 2. By implementing such a priority scheme, the system can achieve a more flexible balance between maintaining measurement requirements and maximizing data throughput. Table 1 ConfiguredGrantConfig information element --ASN1STOPTable 2 LogicalChannelConfig information element
[0118] In one embodiment of the present invention, a flexible mechanism is provided for configuring the priority of an MG relative to data transmissions, such as those occurring in a CG resource, to optimize resource utilization in a wireless communication system. As illustrated in Table 3, the priority of the MG may be configured within the MeasGapConfig information element, as defined in the system configuration. Each MG may be assigned a priority level, such as a high priority (e.g., denoted as p1) or a low priority (e.g., denoted as p0) , analogous to the priority configuration for CG resources. When the MG is configured with high priority (p1) , the UE prioritizes performing measurements during the MG, thereby suspending data transmission or reception in overlapping CG resources, such as the PUSCH or PDSCH. Conversely, when the MG is configured with low priority (p0) , the UE skips the measurement and prioritizes data transmission or reception in the CG resources that overlap with the MG. To ensure operational consistency, when a two-level priority scheme (i.e., high or low priority) is employed, the system is configured to avoid simultaneous assignment of identical priority levels to both CG and MG. For instance, configurations where both CG and MG are assigned high priority (e.g., p1) or both are assigned low priority (e.g., p0) are prohibited, thereby preventing ambiguity in resource prioritization.
[0119] In an alternative embodiment, the MG priority may be assigned a numerical value within a range, such as from 1 to 16, based on dynamic UE conditions. These conditions may include, but are not limited to, traffic characteristics (e.g., latency or throughput requirements) , channel conditions (e.g., signal strength or interference levels) , mobility state (e.g., stationary or moving) , or the UE’s position within the cell (e.g., cell center or cell edge) . For uplink transmissions, the UE compares the numerical priority value of the CG (ranging from 1 to 16) with the numerical priority value of the MG (also ranging from 1 to 16) . Based on this comparison, the UE determines whether to prioritize data transmission in the CG or perform measurements in the MG. For example, if the CG priority value exceeds the MG priority value, the UE may proceed with data transmission, whereas if the MG priority value is higher, the UE performs the measurement. This granular priority assignment enables fine-tuned resource management tailored to the specific operational context of the UE.
[0120] In a further embodiment, an MG skip indication is introduced within the MeasGapConfig information element to provide additional flexibility in managing MG and CG conflicts. When the MG skip indication is enabled, the UE is configured to skip measurements during the MG and instead perform data transmission or reception in the overlapping CG resources. Conversely, when the MG skip indication is disabled, the UE prioritizes measurements during the MG, suspending data transmission or reception in the overlapping CG resources. This binary configuration mechanism allows the network to dynamically adapt to varying UE requirements without requiring complex priority comparisons, thereby simplifying implementation in certain scenarios.
[0121] The configuration of the MeasGapConfig and ConfiguredGrantConfig information elements is performed by the base station (e.g., gNodeB or gNB) based on real-time or current conditions of the UE. Relevant UE conditions include, but are not limited to, Reference Signal Receiving Power (RSRP) , Reference Signal Receiving Quality (RSRQ) , the UE’s position (e.g., proximity to the cell center or cell edge) , and mobility state (e.g., stationary, low mobility, or high mobility) . For instance, if the UE is determined to be stationary and located at the cell center, where channel conditions are typically stable, the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) may configure the MG with a low priority (e.g., p0) or enable the MG skip indication to prioritize data transmission and maximize throughput. In contrast, if the UE is moving and located at the cell edge, where frequent measurements are critical for maintaining connectivity, the gNB may configure the MG with a high priority (e.g., p1) or disable the MG skip indication to ensure measurement integrity. By dynamically adjusting the MG and CG configurations based on these conditions, the present invention achieves an optimized balance between measurement requirements and data transmission efficiency, addressing the limitations of conventional rigid prioritization schemes. Table 3 MeasGapConfig information element
[0122] MG in interaction with DRX:
[0123] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method and system are provided for managing the interaction between Discontinuous Reception (DRX) and MGs in a wireless communication system to optimize power efficiency and data transmission performance, particularly for applications with non-integer traffic periods, such as XR traffic. DRX is a power-saving mechanism that alternates the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) between periodic active (ON) and inactive (OFF) states, with configurable periods tailored to align with specific traffic characteristics. As detailed in Table 4, the priority of a DRX configuration may be defined within the DRX Configuration Information Element (DRX-Config IE) . Similar to the priority assignment for CG resources, each DRX configuration may be assigned a high priority (e.g., denoted as p1) or a low priority (e.g., denoted as p0) . When the DRX configuration is assigned high priority (p1) , the UE prioritizes data transmission or reception during the active state of the DRX cycle, skipping any MGs that overlap with the active state. Conversely, when the DRX configuration is assigned low priority (p0) , the UE prioritizes performing measurements during the overlapping MGs, suspending data transmission or reception in the active state. This priority-based mechanism enables the system to dynamically balance measurement requirements with data connectivity, particularly in scenarios requiring low-latency or high-throughput communications.
[0124] In an alternative embodiment, an MG skip indication is incorporated within the DRX-Config IE to provide a streamlined approach for managing MG and DRX interactions. When the MG skip indication is enabled, the UE is configured to skip measurements during MGs that overlap with the active state of the DRX cycle, thereby prioritizing data transmission or reception in the active state. When the MG skip indication is disabled, the UE prioritizes performing measurements during the overlapping MGs, suspending data transmission or reception in the active state. This binary configuration option simplifies the prioritization process, allowing the network to adapt to varying UE requirements without necessitating complex priority comparisons, thus enhancing implementation efficiency in power-constrained devices.
[0125] In a further embodiment, the DRX configuration may include a skip type parameter to define the extent to which MGs are skipped during the active states of the DRX cycle. The skip type may be configured as one of the following: full skip, semi-full skip, or partial skip. When the UE receives a DRX-Config IE specifying a full skip type, the UE entirely skips all MGs that overlap with the active states, prioritizing data transmission or reception. For a semi-full skip type, the UE skips a substantial portion of the overlapping MGs, potentially based on predefined criteria such as MG duration or measurement criticality, while allowing limited measurements to occur. For a partial skip type, the UE skips only a portion of the overlapping MGs, enabling a balanced approach that accommodates both measurements and data transmission within the active state. The selection of the skip type may be determined by the base station (e.g., gNodeB or gNB) based on UE conditions, such as traffic characteristics, channel quality, mobility state, or power constraints. For example, in XR applications with stringent latency requirements, a full skip type may be configured to ensure uninterrupted data transmission, whereas a partial skip type may be employed in scenarios where periodic measurements are critical for maintaining network connectivity.
[0126] The configuration of the DRX-Config IE, including priority levels, MG skip indications, and skip types, is performed by the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) based on real-time or current conditions of the UE. These conditions may include, but are not limited to, RSRP, RSRQ, the UE’s mobility state (e.g., stationary or moving) , or traffic characteristics (e.g., periodicity and latency requirements of XR traffic) . For instance, if the UE is engaged in high-priority XR traffic with non-integer periods, the gNB may configure a high-priority DRX (p1) or enable the MG skip indication to prioritize data transmission during active states, ensuring seamless user experience. Conversely, if the UE is in a scenario requiring frequent measurements, such as at the cell edge, the gNB may configure a low-priority DRX (p0) or disable the MG skip indication to prioritize MG measurements. By providing these flexible configuration options, the present invention addresses the limitations of conventional DRX and MG interactions, enabling optimized power efficiency, reduced latency, and improved resource utilization in wireless communication systems. Table 4 DRX configuration information element 3. Configuring semi-static configuration, dynamic configuration, and / or semi-persistent configuration for the measurement gaps 3.1 semi-static configuration
[0127] The base station (e.g., gNodeB or gNB) may de-activate all the MGs in a time window. In one embodiment of the present invention, a method and system are provided for semi-statically configuring the deactivation of MGs within a defined periodic time window to optimize resource utilization and reduce signaling overhead in a wireless communication system. The base station (e.g., gNodeB or gNB) configures the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) with a semi-static configuration that specifies a periodic time window during which MGs are fully, semi-fully, or partially skipped. The semi-static configuration includes parameters such as a start time (e.g., defined as a time offset relative to a reference time, such as a system frame number or slot) , an end time, a length of the time window, and / or a periodicity of the time window. These parameters are conveyed to the UE through an RRC message transmitted by the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) . The semi-static configuration may be activated upon successful reception of the RRC message by the UE. Alternatively, activation may occur upon reception of a Downlink Control Information (DCI) message or a MAC Control Element (CE) from the gNB, providing flexibility in triggering the configuration based on network conditions or operational requirements. Once activated, the UE skips MGs within the configured time window according to the specified skip type: fully skipping all MGs, semi-fully skipping a substantial portion of MGs (e.g., based on predefined criteria such as MG duration or measurement priority) , or partially skipping MGs to allow a balanced approach that accommodates limited measurements alongside data transmission or reception.
[0128] The semi-static configuration mechanism offers significant advantages over dynamic configuration approaches by reducing signaling overhead, as the periodic time window and skip behavior are predefined and do not require frequent reconfiguration. For example, in scenarios involving predictable traffic patterns, such as XR or machine-type communications, the gNB may configure a time window that aligns with high-priority data transmission periods, enabling the UE to prioritize data exchange over measurements without the need for continuous signaling updates. The skip type (full, semi-full, or partial) may be determined by the gNB based on UE conditions, such as traffic characteristics (e.g., latency or throughput requirements) , channel conditions (e.g., Reference Signal Receiving Power or Quality) , mobility state (e.g., stationary or moving) , or network load. For instance, a full skip configuration may be employed for a UE engaged in latency-sensitive applications, ensuring uninterrupted data transmission during the time window, while a partial skip configuration may be used for a UE at the cell edge, where periodic measurements remain critical for maintaining connectivity. By providing a semi-static framework for MG deactivation, the present invention enhances power efficiency, improves data transmission continuity, and minimizes control signaling overhead, addressing the limitations of conventional dynamic MG management approaches.
[0129] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method and system are provided for mitigating periodic overlaps between CGs and MGs in a wireless communication system, thereby optimizing resource utilization and enhancing data transmission efficiency. CGs and MGs are allocated periodically, with overlaps occurring at the least common multiple of the CG period and the MGRP. As illustrated in FIG. 8, a CG period of 16 ms and an MGRP of 20 ms result in a common multiple of 80 ms, during which five CGs and four MGs are scheduled, leading to potential overlaps between the first and fourth MGs and the CGs. To address these overlaps, the base station (e.g., gNodeB or gNB) configures the UE with one or more semi-static configurations, each defining a periodic time window during which MGs are managed according to a specified skip type. For example, in a first semi-static configuration, a time window is defined as a start time of 3 ms (relative to a reference time, such as a system frame number) , a length of 5 ms, and a period of 80 ms. In a second semi-static configuration, the time window is defined with a start time of 63 ms, a length of 5 ms, and a period of 80 ms. While the time windows in this example each cover a single MG, the length of the time window may be configured to span multiple MGs or adopt a non-integer duration to accommodate diverse scheduling scenarios. Furthermore, the time windows of different semi-static configurations may be configured to either overlap or remain non-overlapping, providing flexibility to address varying overlap patterns.
[0130] The semi-static configuration includes a skip type parameter that governs the UE’s behavior during the time window, with options including no skip, full skip, semi-full skip, or partial skip. In the case of a no-skip configuration, the UE prioritizes measurements during all MGs within the time window, suspending data transmission or reception (e.g., PDSCH, PUSCH, or CG-PUSCH) in the event of an overlap. For a full-skip configuration, the UE skips all MGs within the time window, prioritizing data transmission or reception regardless of overlaps. In a semi-full skip configuration, the UE skips an entire MG if any portion of it overlaps with data transmission but performs measurements in MGs that do not overlap with data transmission. For a partial-skip configuration, the UE skips only the portion of an MG that overlaps with data transmission, continuing to perform measurements in the non-overlapping portion of the MG.These skip types enable fine-grained control over MG and CG conflicts, allowing the system to balance measurement requirements with data transmission needs based on operational conditions, such as traffic characteristics, channel quality, or UE mobility.
[0131] The semi-static configuration mechanism is applicable to both uplink and downlink data transmissions. While FIG. 8 illustrates overlaps between MGs and uplink CG-PUSCH transmission opportunities, the same principles apply to downlink transmissions, including dynamic downlink scheduling (e.g., PDSCH) and semi-static downlink scheduling. The gNB determines the parameters of the semi-static configuration, including the time window’s start time, length, period, and skip type, based on real-time or current UE conditions, such as RSRP, RSRQ, or traffic periodicity. For instance, in latency-sensitive applications like XR, a full-skip configuration with a time window aligned to CG periods may be employed to ensure uninterrupted data transmission. Conversely, in scenarios requiring frequent measurements, such as at the cell edge, a no-skip or partial-skip configuration may be used to maintain measurement integrity. The semi-static approach reduces signaling overhead compared to dynamic configurations by predefining the time window and skipping behavior, thereby enhancing efficiency in scenarios with predictable overlap patterns. By providing a flexible and configurable framework for managing CG and MG overlaps, the present invention overcomes the limitations of conventional scheduling methods, enabling improved throughput, reduced latency, and optimized resource allocation in advanced wireless communication systems.
[0132] De-activating the MGs in the time window using a bitmap:
[0133] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method and system are provided for selectively deactivating MGs within a configured time window using a bitmap-based semi-static configuration, thereby optimizing resource utilization and reducing signaling overhead in a wireless communication system. The base station (e.g., gNodeB or gNB) configures the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) with one or more semi-static configurations, each indexed by a unique identity and defining a time window that encompasses one or more MGs. The time window may be configured as a one-shot interval, occurring once at a specified time, or as periodic intervals, repeating according to a defined periodicity. For each time window, the MGs overlapping with the window are indexed and managed using a bitmap, wherein each bit corresponds to a specific MG and indicates whether the MG is activated (e.g., measurements are performed) or deactivated (e.g., measurements are skipped to prioritize data transmission or reception) . The bitmap may be generated by the UE, based on its operational conditions, or configured by the gNB, based on network requirements. The semi-static configuration parameters, including the time window’s offset (e.g., relative to a reference time such as a system frame number) , length, periodicity (for periodic windows) , the semi-static configuration identity, and the associated bitmap, are conveyed to the UE via an RRC message, a DCI message, or a MAC CE. This bitmap-based approach enables precise control over individual MGs within the time window, allowing flexible management of measurement and data transmission conflicts.
[0134] In a further embodiment, the RRC message, DCI, or MAC CE may include multiple semi-static configuration identities to simultaneously activate or deactivate multiple semi-static configurations, each with its own time window and bitmap. This capability supports complex scheduling scenarios where different time windows with distinct MG deactivation patterns are required to address varying traffic patterns or UE conditions. For example, in a scenario involving latency-sensitive applications such as XR, the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) may configure a periodic time window with a bitmap that deactivates all MGs to prioritize data transmission, while in a mobility-intensive scenario, the bitmap may selectively activate certain MGs to ensure measurement integrity. The bitmap’s flexibility allows the system to adapt to diverse operational contexts, such as varying channel conditions (e.g., Reference Signal Receiving Power or Quality) , UE mobility states, or traffic characteristics, without requiring frequent dynamic signaling. Compared to conventional MG management approaches, the semi-static bitmap-based configuration reduces signaling overhead by predefining the MG activation / deactivation pattern within the time window, thereby enhancing efficiency and scalability. By providing a granular and configurable mechanism for managing MGs, the present invention addresses the limitations of rigid scheduling frameworks, enabling improved data throughput, reduced latency, and optimized power efficiency in advanced wireless communication systems. 3.2 dynamic configuration:
[0135] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method and system are provided for dynamically configuring the skipping of MGs in a wireless communication system to mitigate conflicts with CGs or other data transmissions, thereby optimizing resource utilization and enhancing data transmission efficiency.
[0136] As illustrated in FIG. 9, the base station (e.g., gNodeB or gNB) transmits a dynamic indication, referred to as gNB indication 1, which corresponds to an MG configuration and is sent prior to an MG within the configuration. This indication specifies whether subsequent MG (s) in the MG configuration are to be fully skipped or partially skipped by the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) . To ensure proper processing, the last symbol of gNB indication 1 and the start of the corresponding MG are separated by a predefined time offset, allowing the UE sufficient time to interpret and act on the indication. The gNB indication 1 may be transmitted via a DCI message, a MAC CE, or another suitable signaling mechanism, depending on the system’s configuration. This dynamic approach enables real-time adaptation to varying overlap patterns between MGs and data transmissions, such as those involving the PUSCH, PDSCH, or CG-PUSCH.
[0137] In a specific implementation, as depicted in FIG. 9, the gNB indication 1 for the first MG instructs the UE to fully skip the MG due to its complete overlap with a CG, allowing the UE to prioritize data transmission or reception without performing measurements. Conversely, the gNB indication 1 for the third MG instructs the UE to partially skip the MG, as it only partially overlaps with a CG. In this case, the UE performs measurements during the non-overlapping portion of the MG (e.g., the front section) and suspends measurements to prioritize data transmission during the overlapping portion (e.g., the back section) . The dynamic configuration mechanism thus provides granular control over MG behavior, enabling the UE to balance measurement requirements with data transmission needs based on the degree of overlap. The gNB (e.g., BS 20a) determines the skip instruction (full or partial) based on real-time or current conditions, such as the extent of the MG-CG overlap, traffic characteristics (e.g., latency or throughput requirements) , channel conditions (e.g., Reference Signal Receiving Power or Quality) , or UE mobility state. For example, in latency-sensitive applications like XR, the gNB may issue a full-skip indication to ensure uninterrupted data transmission, while in scenarios requiring periodic measurements, a partial-skip indication may be used to maintain measurement integrity. By providing a dynamic and flexible framework for managing MG conflicts, the present invention addresses the limitations of static or semi-static MG configurations, offering improved adaptability, reduced latency, and enhanced resource efficiency in wireless communication systems.
[0138] The base station (e.g., gNodeB or gNB) transmits a dynamic indication, referred to as gNB indication 1, which conveys instructions for skipping one or more MGs. As detailed in Table 5, gNB indication 1 may be implemented using a dedicated DCI format, such as DCI format 2_x, specifically designed for MG management. This DCI format includes fields that specify which MG (s) the UE should skip, either fully or partially, to perform data transmission or reception on channels such as the PUSCH or PDSCH. To ensure reliable detection, the DCI may be scrambled with a dedicated Radio Network Temporary Identity (RNTI) , such as an MG-RNTI, allowing the UE to identify and process the MG-specific instructions. The gNB indication 1 is transmitted prior to the affected MG (s) , with a time offset between the last symbol of the indication and the start of the MG to provide the UE sufficient processing time. This dedicated DCI approach enables precise and efficient communication of MG skipping instructions, particularly in scenarios requiring real-time adaptation to MG and data transmission conflicts.
[0139] In alternative embodiments, the gNB indication 1 may be implemented using other signaling mechanisms to provide flexibility in system design and compatibility with existing protocols. In one such embodiment, the gNB indication 1 is conveyed via a MAC CE, which includes the same fields as those defined in the DCI format 2_x (per Table 5) . This MAC CE approach may be advantageous in scenarios where DCI resources are constrained or when additional scheduling flexibility is required. In another embodiment, the gNB indication 1 is integrated into existing uplink or downlink scheduling DCI formats, such as DCI format 0_x (for uplink scheduling) or DCI format 1_x (for downlink scheduling) , by extending these formats to include the MG skipping fields specified in Table 5. This extension allows the gNB to combine MG management instructions with scheduling information, reducing signaling overhead in systems that frequently schedule data transmissions. Table 5 Content of a dynamic configuration corresponding to an MG configuration
[0140] Note that only one of “Time offset to start skip” and “Offset timer to skip MG” can be configured. Table 5-1 A dynamic configuration with only one bit corresponding to an MG configuration
[0141] Within the gNB indication 1, a two-bit indicator is utilized to distinguish between different skip types for MGs, particularly between full skip and partial skip behaviors. When the indicator is set to '00' , the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) signals the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) to execute full measurements for all subsequent MGs, ensuring measurements are performed even when MGs overlap with data transmission (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH / CG-PUSCH) . In this mode, the UE performs data transmission followed by measurements, maintaining measurement integrity despite temporal overlap. When the indicator is set to '01' , the gNB directs the UE to perform full skipping of all subsequent MGs, prioritizing continuous data transmission on PDSCH / PUSCH / CG-PUSCH channels while bypassing all MG occasions, including those with partial temporal overlap.
[0142] Partially skipping:
[0143] When the two-bit skip indicator is set to '10' , the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) directs the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) to perform partial skipping of subsequent MGs when only a portion of the MG overlaps with data transmission. Under this configuration, the UE selectively skips only the portion of an MG that overlaps with data transmission while continuing to perform RRM measurements during the non-overlapping portion of the MG. This partial skip feature accommodates two distinct scenarios of temporal overlap between MGs and data transmission.
[0144] In the first partial overlap scenario, data transmission occurs prior to the commencement of the MG, as illustrated in the first MG of FIG. 9 . Initially, the UE conducts data transmission / reception and subsequently performs measurements upon MG initiation. However, downlink traffic jitter may cause the gNB to complete downlink data transmission later than scheduled, requiring additional resources. The gNB accommodates this by transmitting a timing indication, such as a 'time offset to start skip' parameter or an 'offset timer to start MG' parameter, to instruct the UE to delay measurement initiation. Similarly, for uplink data transmission, when the UE encounters uplink traffic jitter requiring additional resources, it may transmit an indication to the gNB through signaling mechanisms such as Uplink Control Information (UCI) or a Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC CE) , requesting partial skipping. The MAC CE may comprise a Buffer Status Report (BSR) MAC CE or a Delay Status Report (DSR) MAC CE. In certain embodiments, the MAC CE may include a time window specification in units of subframes, slots, milliseconds, or number of MGs, indicating the MGs within the specified window should be skipped.
[0145] In the second partial overlap scenario, the MG commences before data transmission, as depicted in the third MG of FIG. 9 . The UE initially performs measurements within the MG and subsequently skips the remaining measurements based on the received gNB indication 1. The gNB indication 1 specifies the timing for the UE to begin skipping measurements. For example, when the CG does not overlap with the MG from its beginning, setting the 'time offset to start skip' field to '00' would be inappropriate. Instead, the gNB may configure the time offset to '01' , directing the UE to skip measurements after completing one quarter of the MG length. When the time offset is set to '10' , the UE skips measurements after one half of the MG length. When set to '11' , the UE skips measurements after three-quarters of the MG length. This granular control ensures optimal balance between measurement accuracy and data transmission efficiency.
[0146] In an alternative implementation, the gNB utilizes a timer-based mechanism to instruct the UE regarding the timing for initiating measurement skipping. This timer operates in units of subframes, slots, milliseconds, or number of MGs. Upon receiving gNB indication 1 containing an 'offset timer to skip MG' field, the offset timer is initialized to a predefined value. As the timer counts down, when it reaches zero, the UE commences skipping measurements in the specified portion of the MG. In another embodiment, the offset timer begins at zero and increments until reaching the predefined value, at which point the UE initiates measurement skipping. The predefined value is configurable through RRC messaging.
[0147] The gNB indication 1 incorporates an M-bit semi-static configuration bitmap for controlling the activation or deactivation of semi-static configurations associated with MG (s) . When a bitmap bit is set to '1' , the UE activates the corresponding semi-static configuration, while a '0' bit results in deactivation. The bitmap architecture supports simultaneous activation / deactivation of multiple semi-static configurations. Single-bit bitmaps control one semi-static configuration, while two-bit bitmaps enable concurrent control of two semi-static configurations, with scalability extending proportionally to bitmap size.
[0148] To reduce signaling overhead, gNB indication 1 employs an N-bit MG bitmap for activating or deactivating one or multiple MGs within an MG configuration. A single-bit MG bitmap controls one MG within the configuration, while a two-bit bitmap manages two consecutive MGs, with proportional scaling for larger bitmap sizes. In certain embodiments, the number of MGs within an MG configuration is specified through RRC messaging. When a semi-static configuration encompasses a time window covering multiple MGs within an MG configuration, the gNB indication 1 may be applied to activate or deactivate all MGs within that time window collectively.
[0149] The gNB indication 1 incorporates a P-bit MG-configuration bitmap for controlling the activation or deactivation of MG configurations. The bitmap supports scalable configuration management where a single-bit bitmap enables control of one MG configuration, while a two-bit bitmap provides simultaneous control of two MG configurations, with proportional scalability for larger bitmap sizes. This architecture facilitates efficient management of multiple MG configurations through a single signaling mechanism.
[0150] gNB indication 1 with only one bit:
[0151] In an alternative embodiment, a simplified one-bit gNB indication 1 format (as detailed in Table 5-1) is employed to indicate the activation status of the first MG following the indication. When the bit is set to '1' , the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) interprets this as a deactivation instruction for the subsequent MG. Conversely, when the bit is set to '0' , the UE considers the subsequent MG as activated. However, even when the bit indicates deactivation ( '1' ) , two exceptional scenarios exist where the UE may continue performing measurements.
[0152] In the first scenario, illustrated in FIG. 10, data transmission commences prior to the MG start time and completes before the MG end time. If the remaining portion of the MG does not overlap with any data transmission (PDSCH / PUSCH / CG-PUSCH) and meets the requirements for radio frequency (RF) retuning and RRM measurements, the UE may perform measurements during the non-overlapping portion (measured in symbols, slots, subframes, or milliseconds) .
[0153] In the second scenario, also shown in FIG. 11, the MG begins first, followed by data transmission initiation before the MG conclusion. Here, the UE initially performs measurements during the MG and subsequently deactivates the measurement process to commence data transmission based on the scheduling DCI received after the gNB indication 1. This scheduling DCI may be in format 0_x or 1_x, allowing for dynamic adjustment between measurement activities and data transmission requirements.
[0154] The timing relationship between the gNB indication 1 and the MG is crucial for efficient UE operation. Specifically, a time offset separates the last symbol of the gNB indication 1 and the start of the subsequent MG. This time offset is intended to provide the UE with necessary processing time for the received gNB indication 1. The duration of this time offset can be UE capability-dependent, with potential values such as 40, 80, 160, or 240 milliseconds, and its specific value can be configured via RRC signaling. Alternatively, the time offset may be a fixed value, pre-defined within the communication standard for both the UE and the gNB.
[0155] As illustrated in FIG. 10, one or more gNB indications 1 transmitted within a preconfigured duration preceding the time offset are associated with a particular gNB indication 1 that precedes the measurement gap. Notably, the gNB indication 1 can be of different types, each exhibiting distinct behaviors. For instance, in the case of a Type 1 gNB indication 1, the most recently received Type 1 gNB indication 1 within the preconfigured duration takes precedence and can override any preceding Type 1 gNB indication 1, including transitions from an active state (1) to an inactive state (0) and vice versa. Conversely, for a Type 2 gNB indication 1, the latest Type 2 gNB indication 1 within the preconfigured duration is restricted from overriding a previously received Type 2 gNB indication 1 if that previous indication was ever configured to an active state ( "1" ) . This implies that the UE might disregard subsequent Type 2 gNB indications 1 if the initial Type 2 gNB indication 1 was set to active ( "1" ) .
[0156] The gNB possesses the capability to configure the type of gNB indication 1 through RRC messages, such as RRCReconfiguration, MeasConfig, or MeasGapConfig information elements. Correspondingly, the UE can indicate its preferred type of gNB indication 1 via RRC signaling, for example, within the UE capability information element or the UEAssistanceInformation message. Furthermore, a gNB indication 1 transmitted after the preconfigured duration (as exemplified by the gNB indication 1 situated between the preconfigured duration and the first measurement gap in FIG. 12) corresponds to the subsequent measurement gap. The length of this preconfigured duration can be a multiple of the duration of a single gNB indication 1 and is configurable through an RRC message.
[0157] In an alternative approach, a one-bit gNB indication 1 can be employed to signal the activation or deactivation of multiple measurement gaps that follow this one-bit indication. The specific number of measurement gaps associated with a single one-bit gNB indication 1 can be configured via an RRC message.
[0158] For gNB indication 2 corresponding to a CG configuration:
[0159] In an alternative approach, a dynamic indication, termed gNB indication 2, can be transmitted to manage data transmission, particularly in scenarios where CG transmissions might overlap with measurement gaps (MG) . Considering uplink (UL) transmission as an example, as depicted in FIG. 9, gNB indication 2 is transmitted prior to the CG-Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) TOs within a CG configuration. The purpose of this indication is to instruct the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) to proceed with UL data transmission for the subsequent CG-PUSCH TOs, even if these TOs coincide with an ongoing MG.
[0160] gNB indication 2 can be implemented as a DCI format 2_x, the content of which is detailed in Table 6. This DCI serves to notify the UE about the configured grant (s) and explicitly instructs the UE to either prioritize the CG for data transmission / reception or to de-prioritize the CG in favor of performing measurements. To ensure proper reception and processing by the intended UE, this DCI may be scrambled using a Radio Network Temporary Identity (RNTI) , such as a CG-RNTI. In another embodiment, the functionality of gNB indication 2 can be realized through a MAC CE containing the same information fields as those specified in the DCI format 2_x. Furthermore, in yet another alternative, gNB indication 2 could be an existing DCI format used for UL or DL scheduling, such as DCI format 0_x or 1_x, respectively, augmented with extension content as outlined in Table 6-1. Table 6 Content of a dynamic configuration corresponds to a CG configuration Table 6-1 A dynamic configuration with only one bit corresponds to a CG configuration
[0161] Within gNB indication 2, a one-bit priority field can be included to dynamically manage the priority of subsequent CGs relative to overlapping MGs. For instance, if this priority bit is set to '0' , the CG (s) within a CG configuration that coincide with an MG are assigned a lower priority, prompting the UE to perform measurements during the overlapping time period. Conversely, when the priority bit is set to '1' , the overlapping CG (s) are given a higher priority than the MG (s) , instructing the UE to prioritize data transmission / reception on the CG during the overlap.
[0162] To optimize signaling efficiency, gNB indication 2 can employ an N-bit CG bitmap to simultaneously prioritize or de-prioritize one or more CGs within a CG configuration with respect to MGs. If the CG bitmap consists of a single bit, it allows for the prioritization / de-prioritization of one CG within the configuration. Similarly, a two-bit CG bitmap enables the prioritization / de-prioritization of two consecutive CGs, and this pattern extends for larger bitmap sizes. In an alternative embodiment, the number of CGs within a CG configuration can be explicitly configured through an RRC message. Furthermore, in scenarios where a semi-static configuration is active and its associated time window encompasses multiple CGs within a CG configuration, gNB indication 2 can be utilized to prioritize or de-prioritize all CGs falling within that time window.
[0163] Additionally, gNB indication 2 can include a P-bit CG-configuration bitmap to activate or deactivate one or more CG configurations. A one-bit bitmap allows for the activation / deactivation of a single CG configuration, while a two-bit bitmap enables the simultaneous activation / deactivation of two CG configurations, and so forth.
[0164] Moreover, an M-bit semi-static configuration bitmap within gNB indication 2 can be used to prioritize or de-prioritize semi-static configurations relative to MGs. For example, setting a bit in this bitmap to '1' can instruct the UE to prioritize the corresponding semi-static configuration over any overlapping CG configurations. Conversely, setting the bit to '0' would de-prioritize the semi-static configuration. This bitmap allows for the simultaneous prioritization / de-prioritization of multiple semi-static configurations. A one-bit bitmap enables this control for a single semi-static configuration, while a two-bit bitmap extends this capability to two semi-static configurations, and so on.
[0165] gNB indication 2 with only one bit:
[0166] In a simplified alternative, gNB indication 2 can be conveyed using a single bit (as detailed in Table 6-1) to manage the priority of the immediately following CG relative to any overlapping MG. For instance, if this single bit is set to '1' , it signals to the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) that the first CG occurring after the reception of this bit should be prioritized over any concurrent MG. Conversely, if the bit is set to '0' , it indicates that the first CG should be de-prioritized in favor of the MG.
[0167] It is important to note that even when the priority bit is set to '1' , instructing the UE to prioritize the CG, there are specific scenarios where the UE might still perform measurements during the MG. One such case, illustrated in FIG. 13, arises when a CG-Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission begins before the start of an MG and concludes before the MG ends. In this situation, if the remaining portion of the MG does not overlap with any subsequent CG-PUSCH transmission and its duration is sufficient to meet the requirements for Radio Frequency (RF) retuning and RRM measurements, the UE retains the capability to perform these measurements during the non-overlapping residual part of the MG (e.g., the remaining symbols, slots, subframes, or milliseconds of the MG) .
[0168] A second scenario, depicted in FIG. 14, involves an MG commencing before the start of a CG-Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission, with the CG-PUSCH beginning while the MG is still ongoing. In this situation, the UE initially performs the scheduled measurements during the MG. Subsequently, upon the scheduled start of the CG-PUSCH, the UE ceases the measurements and initiates the CG-PUSCH transmission according to the CG configuration.
[0169] Similar to gNB indication 1, a time offset is introduced between the last symbol of gNB indication 2 and the start of the associated CG. This time offset is intended to provide the UE with adequate processing time for the received gNB indication 2. The duration of this time offset can be contingent on the UE's processing capabilities, with potential values such as 40, 80, 160, or 240 milliseconds, and its specific value can be configured via RRC signaling. Alternatively, the time offset may be a fixed value, pre-defined within the communication standard for both the UE (e.g., UE 10a or 10b) and the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) . As illustrated in FIG. 15, one or more gNB indications 2 transmitted within a preconfigured duration preceding the time offset are associated with a particular gNB indication 2 that precedes the configured grant. The most recently received gNB indication 2 within this preconfigured duration takes precedence and can override any preceding gNB indication 2. Furthermore, a gNB indication 2 transmitted after the preconfigured duration (as exemplified by the gNB indication 2 situated between the preconfigured duration and the first CG in FIG. 15) corresponds to the subsequent configured grant. The length of this preconfigured duration can be a multiple of the duration of a single gNB indication 2 and is configurable through an RRC message.
[0170] In an alternative implementation, a single-bit gNB indication 2 can be employed to indicate whether multiple CGs following this one-bit indication are to be prioritized or de-prioritized relative to potential overlapping MGs. The specific number of CGs associated with this one-bit gNB indication 2 can be configured via an RRC message.
[0171] MG in interaction with DRX:
[0172] Referring to FIG. 16 , gNB indication 1 is associated with an MG configuration and is transmitted prior to an MG within that configuration. Its purpose is to signal whether subsequent MGs within the MG configuration are to be fully or partially skipped. For instance, as shown in FIG. 16, the gNB indication 1 preceding the first MG instructs the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) to fully skip this MG because it entirely overlaps with a DRX active state. Conversely, the gNB indications 1 preceding the second and third MGs in FIG. 16 instruct the UE to activate these MGs because they do not overlap with any DRX active states.
[0173] For gNB indication 3 corresponding to a CG configuration:
[0174] In an alternative embodiment, a dynamic indication, termed gNB indication 3, can be transmitted from the perspective of the DRX configuration. As illustrated in FIG. 16, gNB indication 3 is associated with a DRX configuration and is transmitted before the onset of an active state within that DRX configuration. The function of this indication is to instruct the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) to prioritize data transmission during the subsequent DRX active state, even if this active state coincides with an MG.
[0175] gNB indication 3 can be implemented as a DCI format 2_x, the content of which is detailed in Table 7. This DCI serves to notify the UE about the DRX active state (s) and explicitly instructs the UE to either prioritize or de-prioritize data transmission / reception within these active state (s) . To ensure proper reception by the intended UE, this DCI may be scrambled using a Radio Network Temporary Identity (RNTI) , such as a Cell-RNTI (C-RNTI) . In another embodiment, the functionality of gNB indication 3 can be realized through a MAC CE containing the same information fields as those specified in the DCI format 2_x. Furthermore, in yet another alternative, gNB indication 3 could be an existing DCI format used for UL or DL scheduling, such as DCI format 0_x or 1_x, respectively, augmented with extension content as outlined in Table 7-1. Table 7 Content of a dynamic configuration corresponds to a DRX configuration Table 7-1 A dynamic configuration with only one bit corresponds to a DRX configuration
[0176] A one-bit priority field within gNB indication 3 can be utilized to prioritize or de-prioritize subsequent active states across one or more DRX periods. For example, setting this bit to '0' would indicate that a subsequent active state within a DRX period has a lower priority than any overlapping MG, compelling the UE to perform measurements during the overlap. Conversely, setting the bit to '1' would assign a higher priority to the active state, instructing the UE to prioritize data transmission / reception during the time it overlaps with an MG.
[0177] To enhance signaling efficiency, gNB indication 3 can employ an N-bit active-state bitmap to simultaneously prioritize or de-prioritize one or more active states within a DRX configuration relative to MGs. A one-bit bitmap allows for the prioritization / de-prioritization of a single active state within the DRX configuration. Similarly, a two-bit bitmap enables the prioritization / de-prioritization of two consecutive active states, and this pattern extends for larger bitmap sizes. In an alternative embodiment, the number of active states within a DRX configuration can be configured via an RRC message. Furthermore, in scenarios involving a semi-static configuration where the defined time window encompasses multiple active states within a DRX configuration, gNB indication 3 can be used to prioritize or de-prioritize all active states within that time window.
[0178] Additionally, gNB indication 3 can include a P-bit DRX-configuration bitmap to activate or deactivate one or more DRX configurations. A one-bit bitmap allows for the activation / deactivation of a single DRX configuration, while a two-bit bitmap enables the simultaneous activation / deactivation of two DRX configurations, and so forth.
[0179] Moreover, an M-bit semi-static configuration bitmap within gNB indication 3 can be used to prioritize or de-prioritize semi-static configurations relative to MGs. For instance, setting a bit in this bitmap to '1' can instruct the UE to prioritize the corresponding semi-static configuration over any overlapping DRX configurations. Conversely, setting the bit to '0' would de-prioritize the semi-static configuration. This bitmap allows for the simultaneous prioritization / de-prioritization of multiple semi-static configurations. A one-bit bitmap enables this control for a single semi-static configuration, while a two-bit bitmap extends this capability to two semi-static configurations, and so on.
[0180] gNB indication 3 with only one bit:
[0181] In a simplified alternative, gNB indication 3 can be conveyed using a single bit (as detailed in Table 7-1) to indicate whether data transmission within the first DRX ON period following the reception of this bit should be prioritized over any overlapping MG or deactivated in favor of the MG. For example, if this single bit is set to '1' , it signals to the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) that data transmission during the first DRX ON period after the bit should be prioritized over any concurrent MG. Conversely, if the bit is set to '0' , it indicates that data transmission during the first DRX ON period should be de-prioritized in favor of the MG. It is important to note that even when this priority bit is set to '1' , instructing the UE to prioritize data transmission, there are specific scenarios where the UE might still perform measurements during the MG. One such case, illustrated in FIG. 17, arises when a DRX ON period begins before the start of an MG and concludes before the MG ends. In this situation, if the remaining portion of the MG does not overlap with the DRX period and its duration is sufficient to meet the requirements for Radio Frequency (RF) retuning and RRM measurements, the UE retains the capability to perform these measurements during the non-overlapping residual part of the MG (e.g., the remaining symbols, slots, subframes, or milliseconds of the MG) .
[0182] A second scenario, illustrated in FIG. 18, involves an MG commencing before the start of a DRX ON period, with the DRX ON period beginning while the MG is still ongoing. In this situation, the UE initially performs the scheduled measurements during the MG. Subsequently, upon the scheduled start of the DRX ON period, the UE ceases the measurements and initiates data transmission according to the DRX configuration.
[0183] Similar to gNB indication 1 and gNB indication 2, a time offset is introduced between the last symbol of gNB indication 3 and the start of the associated DRX ON period. This time offset is intended to provide the UE with adequate processing time for the received gNB indication 3. The duration of this time offset can be contingent on the UE's processing capabilities, with potential values such as 40, 80, 160, or 240 milliseconds, and its specific value can be configured via RRC signaling. Alternatively, the time offset may be a fixed value, pre-defined within the communication standard for both the UE and the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) . As illustrated in FIG. 19, one or more gNB indications 3 transmitted within a preconfigured duration preceding the time offset are associated with a particular gNB indication 3 that precedes the DRX ON period. The most recently received gNB indication 3 within this preconfigured duration takes precedence and can override any preceding gNB indication 3. Furthermore, a gNB indication 3 transmitted after the preconfigured duration (as exemplified by the gNB indication 3 situated between the preconfigured duration and the first DRX ON period in FIG. 17) corresponds to the subsequent DRX ON period. The length of this preconfigured duration can be a multiple of the duration of a single gNB indication 3 and is configurable through an RRC message.
[0184] In an alternative implementation, a single-bit gNB indication 3 can be employed to indicate whether multiple DRX ON periods following this one-bit indication are to be prioritized or de-prioritized relative to potential overlapping MGs. The specific number of DRX ON periods associated with this one-bit gNB indication 3 can be configured via an RRC message.
[0185] Semi-static downlink scheduling:
[0186] While the example in FIG. 9 illustrates the overlap between MGs and uplink data transmissions, specifically CG-PUSCH TOs, the described dynamic configuration mechanisms are equally applicable to resolving overlaps between MGs and downlink data transmissions. This includes scenarios involving dynamic downlink scheduling as well as semi-static downlink scheduling.
[0187] It is also important to note that the semi-static configuration and the dynamic configuration mechanisms can be configured either concurrently or independently. For instance, when both a semi-static configuration and a dynamic configuration are active, a dynamic gNB indication (e.g., gNB indication 1) can be employed to dynamically activate or deactivate MGs within the time window defined by the semi-static configuration. Even if a bitmap is configured as part of the semi-static configuration to control the activation / deactivation of MGs, the dynamic gNB indication retains the ability to override the activation / deactivation status of each individual MG within that window. 3.3 Semi-persistent configuration
[0188] Semi-persistent configuration represents another effective combination of semi-static and dynamic configurations, designed to reduce signaling overhead. In a semi-persistent MG configuration, upon receiving a gNB indication 1, the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) activates or deactivates one or more MGs within one or more MG configurations. This activation / deactivation state is maintained until the reception of a subsequent gNB indication 1 that conveys a different configuration. As previously discussed, this configuration can include an MG bitmap and / or an MG-configuration bitmap.
[0189] In an alternative semi-persistent CG scenario, upon receiving a gNB indication 2, the UE prioritizes or de-prioritizes one or more CGs within one or more CG configurations. This prioritization / de-prioritization state persists until the reception of the next gNB indication 2 that specifies a different configuration. As mentioned earlier, this configuration can encompass a CG-period bitmap and / or a CG-configuration bitmap.
[0190] In another alternative semi-persistent DRX configuration, upon receiving a gNB indication 3, the UE prioritizes or de-prioritizes one or more active states within one or more DRX configurations. This prioritization / de-prioritization state remains in effect until the reception of a subsequent gNB indication 3 that carries a different configuration. As previously noted, this configuration can include an active-state bitmap and / or a DRX-configuration bitmap.
[0191] In yet another alternative, the reception of a semi-static configuration bitmap within a gNB indication 1, 2, or 3 triggers the UE to activate or deactivate one or more semi-static configurations. These activation / deactivation states are maintained until the reception of a new semi-static configuration that specifies a different configuration, such as a new time window.
[0192] The key advantage of a semi-persistent configuration lies in its ability to avoid the need to send explicit semi-static or dynamic configuration signaling for each individual MG within one or more MG configurations, each CG within one or more CG configurations, or each active state within one or more DRX configurations. Consequently, the semi-persistent configuration approach proves beneficial in significantly reducing signaling overhead in the communication system. 4. The UE assistance information
[0193] The UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) can provide assistance information to the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) , which may include various parameters such as traffic characteristics, channel conditions, UE mobility state, and the MGs that the UE is allowed to skip over a specific time period. Based on this UE assistance information, the gNB can make informed decisions regarding the configuration of appropriate semi-static configurations, dynamic configurations, and / or specific MG patterns for the UE. It is also noted that this UE assistance information can be considered a form of UE capability. 4.1 Traffic characteristics
[0194] For downlink XR traffic, the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) typically possesses knowledge of the traffic characteristics, including burst start and end times, burst periodicity, and burst size. Leveraging this information, the gNB can configure MGs in a manner that minimizes overlap with downlink scheduling, thereby enhancing efficiency. However, for uplink XR traffic, the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) is the primary source of information regarding the traffic's temporal dynamics (start and end times, burst period) and volume (burst size) . To enable the gNB to effectively configure MGs for uplink XR traffic, the UE needs to convey these traffic characteristics. The traffic start time can be expressed as a time offset relative to a defined reference time, while the traffic end time can be indicated by the start time plus a specific time interval. The units for the reference time, time offset, and time interval can be slots, milliseconds, or microseconds. The burst period, representing the recurrence of video bursts, can also be expressed in units of slots, milliseconds, or microseconds. The burst size, indicating the amount of data in a video burst, can be provided in bits or bytes. The UE can transmit these traffic characteristic parameters to the gNB using either a MAC message or an RRC message.
[0195] Alternatively, instead of providing a precise time interval for the burst duration, the UE can request a specific number of MGs (denoted as 'n' , where 'n' is an integer) . To a certain extent, this request for 'n' MGs implicitly represents the duration of the video bursts. The UE can convey this request for a specific number of MGs via a MAC message or an RRC message. 4.2 channel conditions
[0196] The UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) is capable of measuring downlink reference signal parameters such as Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) , Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) , and / or Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SINR) for reference signals (e.g., Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel block (SSB) , Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS) ) transmitted by the serving cell. The UE can then report these measurement results to the gNB. Based on the reported channel conditions, the gNB can configure or adapt the semi-static configuration or the dynamic configuration. For instance, if the reported RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR exceeds a certain threshold, it indicates that the UE is experiencing good channel conditions and may be able to skip certain MGs without significantly impacting performance.
[0197] As an alternative approach to reduce the overhead associated with continuous RSRP / RSRQ / SINR reporting, the gNB can transmit a threshold value to the UE. Subsequently, the UE only needs to report an indication to the gNB whenever the measured RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR crosses this threshold (i.e., goes above or below it) . 4.3 UE mobility
[0198] The UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) can assess its own mobility state and report this assessment to the gNB. The UE may determine its mobility state by analyzing the variance of the measured RSRP, RSRQ, and / or SINR of the serving cell over a period. The UE can then report the raw measurement results, the calculated variance, or the evaluated mobility state (e.g., high, medium, or low mobility) to the gNB. The gNB can independently determine the UE's mobility state based on the variance of the reported measurements. A high variance might indicate high mobility, while a low variance might suggest low mobility. Multiple thresholds can be configured by the gNB to allow for a more granular classification of mobility states based on the variance and the thresholds. When the variance is above a threshold, the UE may be in high mobility. Otherwise, when the variance is below the threshold, the UE may be in low mobility. The gNB can then utilize the UE's mobility state to configure appropriate semi-static or dynamic configurations. For example, if the UE reports or is determined to be in a high mobility state, the gNB might refrain from configuring MG skipping to ensure reliable measurements (i.e., not to skip the MGs) during potential frequent cell changes. 4.4 The MGs allowed for skipping over a time period
[0199] The UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) can evaluate its measurement requirements over a specific time period and report this evaluation to the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) . This report can include one or more of the following pieces of information: (a) the total number of MGs the UE anticipates needing within the defined time period; (b) the maximum number or a ratio of MGs that the UE estimates it can skip within the time period without causing any extension in measurement delay; (c) a binary status indicating whether the UE can tolerate skipping MGs; (d) the expected number of MGs that might remain unused within the time period; and (e) the maximum permissible interval between two consecutive available measurement occasions. Based on this information provided by the UE, the gNB can configure the UE with a suitable semi-static or dynamic MG configuration. 5. UE autonomously skipping the measurement gap based on UE’s conditions
[0200] One aspect of the present disclosure addresses scenarios where the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) lacks sufficient information regarding the UE's uplink traffic characteristics, for instance, when the UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) does not provide assistance information. In such cases, the gNB may not be able to optimally configure semi-static measurement gap configurations, dynamic measurement gap configurations, or specific MG patterns for the UE, particularly concerning uplink transmissions. To mitigate this issue, the gNB can configure the UE, via RRC signaling or a MAC CE, to autonomously decide whether to skip scheduled MGs. Upon such configuration, the UE can independently determine whether to skip MGs without requiring explicit semi-static or dynamic reconfiguration signaling from the gNB.
[0201] The UE's autonomous decision to skip MGs can be based on various locally determined conditions, including its buffer status, prevailing channel conditions, or its current mobility state. For example, when the remaining packet delay budget for data packets in the UE's buffer falls below a predefined threshold (e.g., remainingTimeThreshold) , the UE can trigger a Delay Status Report (DSR) to inform the gNB of the potential delay and subsequently autonomously skip one or more MGs. In another embodiment, the UE can periodically monitor the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) , Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) , and / or SINR of downlink reference signals, such as Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel block (SSB) or Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS) . If the measured RSRP / RSRQ / SINR exceeds a certain threshold, indicating good downlink channel quality, the UE can autonomously choose to skip MGs. In yet another embodiment, the UE can assess its mobility state by analyzing the variance of the measured RSRP / RSRQ / SINR of the serving cell over a period. If this variance is below a specific threshold, suggesting that the UE is either stationary or experiencing low mobility, the UE can autonomously skip MGs. 6. The procedures of configuring measurement gaps 6.1 Initial configuration for the measurement gaps:
[0202] FIG. 20 illustrates a typical procedure for the initial configuration of MGs for a UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) .
[0203] Step 1: the UE transmitting a UEAssistanceInformation message to the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) . As described in a previous embodiment, this message can convey various parameters intended to aid the gNB in optimizing MG configuration. These parameters may include traffic characteristics relevant to the UE's data transmission (e.g., burst start time, burst end time, burst period, burst size) , channel conditions experienced by the UE (indicated by measurements such as RSRP, RSRQ, and / or SINR) , the UE's current mobility state (e.g., high, medium, or low) , or even specific preferences or allowances for skipping MGs over a defined time period. Following the reception of UE assistance information, the process proceeds to Step 2.
[0204] Step 2: The gNB transmits a UECapabilityEnquiry message to the UE. The purpose of this message is to explicitly query the UE regarding the measurement gap configurations that it supports.
[0205] Step 3: The UE responds to this query by transmitting a UECapabilityInformation message to the gNB. This message provides the gNB with a detailed report of the UE's capabilities related to measurement gaps.
[0206] Several important aspects regarding the content of the UECapabilityInformation message are highlighted. Note that this message may include the MeasAndMobParameters IE, the structure of which is detailed in Table 8. Within this IE, the supportedGapPattern parameter is crucial as it indicates the specific MG patterns that the UE is capable of supporting. These patterns are defined by combinations of the MGL and the MGRP. It is further noted that with the potential introduction of new MGRP values, new gap pattern identifiers (IDs) , such as supportedGapPattern-XR-r19, may be included to signify UE support for these extended MG patterns. Each gap pattern ID uniquely identifies a particular combination of MGL and MGRP; for example, the leftmost bit (bit 0) of the supportedGapPattern-XR-r19 could correspond to a new gap pattern 1, with subsequent bits representing other newly supported gap patterns.
[0207] Note that the UECapabilityInformation message can also include a capability indication, such as measGap-skipping-r19, to explicitly signal to the gNB that the UE supports the autonomous skipping of measurement gaps, as described in earlier sections. Note that further elaborates that the message may contain an MG skipping type preference indication, such as measGapSkippingType-Preference-r19, which allows the UE to indicate its preferred approach for MG skipping configuration. This preference could be for a semi-static configuration (e.g., denoted as Type 1) , a dynamic configuration (e.g., denoted as Type 2) , or a configuration that combines both semi-static and dynamic aspects (e.g., denoted as Type 3) . Note that the UECapabilityInformation can also include an indication for the preferred type of dynamic configuration signaling, such as dynamicConfiguration-Preference-r19, allowing the UE to express its preference between different types of dynamic gNB indications, such as Type 1 gNB indication 1 and Type 2 gNB indication 2, as previously discussed. These steps and the information exchanged therein form the foundation for the gNB to effectively configure measurement gaps tailored to the UE's capabilities and reported conditions. Table 8 MeasAndMobParameters information element
[0208] Step 4: The gNB transmits a MeasConfig or MeasGapConfig IE to the UE to configure MGs based on the gap patterns supported by the UE. The MeasConfig IE shown in Table 10 may be included in the RRCResume or RRCReconfiguration message. The MeasGapConfig IE may contain MG configuration (s) for XR traffic (e.g., XRGapConfig-r19) and / or semi-static configuration (s) (e.g., SemiStaticConfig-r19) . Examples are described in embodiment 3.1.
[0209] When semi-static configuration is not configured, the gNB may alternatively configure dynamic configuration based on the configured MGs. The gNB may also configure an enabler (e.g., measGapSkipping-r19) to enable data transmission / reception on the configured MG (s) . If the enabler indicates that the UE does not support measurement skipping, neither semi-static configuration nor dynamic configuration may be configured.
[0210] The gNB may consider the UE's preference for MG skipping type (e.g., measGapSkippingType-Preference-r19) and transmit an MG skipping type indication (e.g., measGapSkippingType-r19) indicating the MG skipping type for the MG configuration (s) . The MG skipping types may include Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3, which correspond to semi-static configuration, dynamic configuration, and a combination of semi-static and dynamic configurations, respectively.
[0211] When MG skipping Type 1 is configured, the corresponding semi-static configuration (e.g., semiStaticConfig-r19) should be configured in the MeasGapConfig IE. When MG skipping Type 2 is configured, the corresponding dynamic configuration type (e.g., dynamicConfiguration-type-r19) may be configured in the MeasGapConfig IE. When MG skipping Type 3 is configured, both the corresponding dynamic configuration type and the corresponding semi-static configuration should be configured in the MeasGapConfig IE.
[0212] In an alternative embodiment, the semi-static configuration (e.g., measGapSkippingType1-r19) and the dynamic configuration (e.g., measGapSkippingType2-r19) may be configured by different parameters and could be independently enabled. When either the semi-static configuration or dynamic configuration is configured, it implies that MG skipping is enabled, and no separate enabler (i.e., measGapSkipping-r19) is required.
[0213] A semi-static configuration may comprise a bitmap (e.g., Bitmap-r19) , a start time (e.g., offset-r19) , an end time (e.g., offset-r19 plus length-r19) , a length (e.g., length-r19) , and / or a period (e.g., period-r19) of the time window. The bitmap indexes each MG in the time window.
[0214] It should be noted that more than one semi-static configuration (e.g., semiStaticConfigSecondary-r19) may be configured. Additionally, the semi-static configuration may alternatively be configured in an IE other than the MeasGapConfig IE. Table 9 MeasConfig information element Table 9.1 Alternative MeasConfig information element Table 10 MeasGapConfig information element
[0215] Step 5: After receiving the MG configuration (s) , the UE may skip the MG (s) based on the semi-static configuration (s) or the dynamic configuration (s) .
[0216] 6.2 updating the configuration for the measurement gaps
[0217] With reference to FIG. 21, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for updating measurement gap configurations is provided.
[0218] Step 1: The UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) skips one or more MGs based on the configured semi-static configuration (s) or the configured dynamic configuration (s) .
[0219] Step 2: The UE transmits a request message (e.g., an RRC message) to the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) to request new measurement gap pattern (s) , and / or new semi-static configuration (s) . This request message may be implemented as an RRC message, an Uplink Control Information (UCI) , or a MAC CE. The new semi-static configuration may include parameters such as a new skip type (e.g., skipType-r19) , the start time of the new semi-static configuration (e.g., Offset-r19) , the new length of the time window (e.g., length-r19) , and / or the new period of the semi-static configuration (s) (e.g., period-r19) .
[0220] The request message may further comprise suggested information from the UE, such as UE Assistance Information. In embodiments where a bitmap (e.g., Bitmap-r19) is used, the bitmap indexes each measurement gap in the time window. A bit value of "1" in the bitmap indicates that the corresponding measurement gap should be deactivated, while a bit value of "0" indicates that the corresponding measurement gap should be activated.
[0221] When the gNB receives the bitmap provided by the UE, the gNB can determine several important parameters for configuring measurement gaps, including: (a) the number of measurement gaps which can be skipped, (b) the number of measurement gaps that are needed for measurement, (c) patterns of gap positions of measurement gaps that can be skipped, and (d) the maximum number of consecutive measurement gaps that can be skipped. This information enables the gNB to make appropriate decisions when configuring new measurement gaps to balance the requirements of radio resource management measurements with the need for continuous data transmission or reception for XR traffic. Table 11 UE Assistance Information (UAI)
[0222] Step 3: The gNB transmits MeasConfig or MeasGapConfig IE to the UE to configure new MGs based on the gap pattern and / or semi-static configuration requested by the UE. The MeasConfig IE may be included in the RRCReconfiguration message, allowing for the modification of various RRC parameters alongside the MG configuration. The MeasGapConfig IE shown in Table 10 may contain new MG configuration (s) for XR traffic (e.g., XRGapConfig-r19) and / or new semi-static configuration (s) (e.g., SemiStaticConfig-r19) described in embodiment 3.1.
[0223] Step 4: After receiving the MG configuration (s) , the UE is then equipped to manage these MGs according to the received instructions. This includes the possibility of skipping certain MGs based on any updated semi-static configurations or any updated dynamic configurations that may be subsequently received, as outlined in previous embodiments.
[0224] 6.3 Procedures for dynamic configurations
[0225] With reference to FIG. 22, the procedure for configuring MGs and associated dynamic configurations for a UE (e.g., UE 10a, 10b, or 100) involves several steps.
[0226] Step 1: The UE transmits the UEAssistanceInformation message to the gNB (e.g., BS 20a) . As previously described, the UEAssistanceInformation message may include the traffic characteristics (e.g., burst start time, burst end time, burst period, burst size, etc. ) , the channel conditions (RSRP / RSRQ / SINR) , mobility state, or the MGs allowed for skipping over a time period.
[0227] Step 2: The gNB transmits parameters for dynamic configurations to the UE. The parameters may include the preconfigured duration and / or the time offset for configuring the interval between the gNB indication 1 / 2 / 3 and the MG / CG / DRX ON period. The parameters may comprise an enabler1 for the type of dynamic configurations (e.g., gNB indication 1 / 2 / 3) . The parameters may also comprise an enabler2 for performing measurements on the portions of MG that do not overlap with any data transmission (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH / CG-PUSCH) . The parameters may be included in an RRC IE (e.g., PhysicalCellGroupConfig IE, CellGroupConfig IE, PDSCH-Config IE, or PUSCH-Config IE) . The RRC IE may be included in an RRC message (e.g., RRCReconfigurration, RRCResume, or RRCSetup message) .
[0228] The system implements a dual enabler mechanism to control UE behavior with respect to monitoring gNB indications and performing measurements during skipped MGs. When a first enabler (enabler1) is absent or is not enabled, the UE does not need to monitor the gNB indication 1 / 2 / 3 before the MG / CG / DRX ON period. This configuration reduces UE processing requirements and power consumption by eliminating unnecessary monitoring operations.
[0229] A second control mechanism (enabler2) provides additional granularity in regulating measurement behavior. Specifically, when the first enabler (enabler1) is enabled and a second enabler (enabler2) is absent or is not enabled, the UE is prohibited from performing measurements on a skipped MG, even in situations where a portion of the MG does not overlap with any data transmission (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH / CG-PUSCH) . This configuration ensures that once an MG is designated as skipped, the UE consistently prioritizes data transmission over measurements, preventing partial or opportunistic measurement operations that might otherwise occur during non-overlapping segments of a scheduled MG.
[0230] Step 3: The gNB transmits the MeasConfig and / or MeasGapConfig IE to the UE. This is to configure the MG (s) based on the gap pattern and / or semi-static configuration preferences or requests from the UE. The MeasConfig IE may be included in an RRC message (e.g., RRCReconfiguration or RRCResume message) . The MeasGapConfig IE shown in Table 10 may contain new MG configuration (s) for XR traffic (e.g., XRGapConfig-r19) and / or new semi-static configuration (s) (e.g., SemiStaticConfig-r19) described in embodiment 3.1.
[0231] Step 3a: When the dynamic configuration associated with the CG (s) (i.e., gNB indication 2) is configured, the gNB transmits the ConfiguredGrantConfig IE to the UE for configuring a CG configuration. The ConfiguredGrantConfig IE may be included in an RRC message (e.g., RRCReconfiguration, RRCResume, or RRCSetup message) .
[0232] Step 3b: When the dynamic configuration associated with the DRX ON period (s) (i.e., gNB indication 3) is configured, the gNB transmits the DRX-Config IE to the UE for configuring a DRX configuration. The DRX-Config IE may be included in an RRC message (e.g., RRCReconfiguration, RRCResume, or RRCSetup message) .
[0233] Step 4: The UE monitors the dynamic configuration (s) (i.e., gNB indication 1 / 2 / 3) before the MG(s) / CG (s) / DRX ON period (s) . Based on the dynamic configuration (s) , the UE may dynamically activate / deactivate the subsequent MG (s) .
[0234] Note that when the UE is in RRC_Idle and the following MG (s) do not overlap with a CG or DRX ON period, the UE does not need to monitor these dynamic configurations (i.e., gNB indication 1 / 2 / 3) before the MG (s) / CG (s) / DRX ON period (s) . In essence, the monitoring of dynamic configurations is primarily relevant when the UE is in RRC_Connected. Note that if the UE does not detect any dynamic configuration within the preconfigured duration, it will not deactivate the corresponding MG and will proceed with performing measurements during that MG.
[0235] The embodiment of the present disclosure is a combination of techniques / processes that may be adopted in 3GPP specification to create an end product.
[0236] A person having ordinary skill in the art understands that each of the units, algorithm, and steps described and disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure are realized using electronic hardware or combinations of software for computers and electronic hardware. Whether the functions run in hardware or software depends on the condition of the application and design requirement for a technical plan. A person having ordinary skill in the art may use different ways to realize the function for each specific application while such realizations should not go beyond the scope of the present disclosure. It is understood by a person having ordinary skill in the art that he / she may refer to the working processes of the system, device, and unit in the above-mentioned embodiment since the working processes of the above-mentioned system, device, and unit are basically the same. For easy description and simplicity, these working processes will not be detailed.
[0237] It is understood that the disclosed system, device, and method in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be realized in other ways. The above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary only. The division of the units is merely based on logical functions while other divisions exist in realization. It is possible that a plurality of units or components are combined or integrated into another system. It is also possible that some characteristics are omitted or skipped. On the other hand, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communicative coupling operate through some ports, devices, or units whether indirectly or communicatively by ways of electrical, mechanical, or other kinds of forms.
[0238] The units as separating components for explanation are or are not physically separated. The units for display are or are not physical units, that is, located in one place or distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units are used according to the purposes of the embodiments. Moreover, each of the functional units in each of the embodiments may be integrated into one processing unit, physically independent, or integrated into one processing unit with two or more than two units.
[0239] If the software function unit is realized and used and sold as a product, it may be stored in a readable storage medium in a computer. Based on this understanding, the technical plan proposed by the present disclosure may be essentially or partially realized as the form of a software product. Or, one part of the technical plan beneficial to the conventional technology may be realized as the form of a software product. The software product in the computer is stored in a storage medium, including a plurality of commands for a computational device (such as a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to run all or some of the steps disclosed by the embodiments of the present disclosure. The storage medium includes a USB disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM) , a random access memory (RAM) , a floppy disk, or other kinds of media capable of storing program codes.
[0240] With reference to FIG. 23, the UE 100 may include a processor 11a, a memory 12a, and a transceiver 13a. The processor 11a is configured to call and run a computer program stored in the memory 12a, to cause UE 100 in which the processor 11 is installed to execute the disclosed method, steps, and / or functions of a UE. The UE 100 is an example of the UE in the description (e.g., network node in the figures) . The transceiver 13a may include baseband circuitry and radio frequency (RF) circuitry.
[0241] With reference to FIG. 24, the base station 200 is a network device and may include a processor 21a, a memory 22a, and a transceiver 23a. The processor 21a is configured to call and run a computer program stored in the memory 22a, to cause network node 200 in which the processor 11 is installed to execute the method, steps, and / or functions of a base station. The gNB is an example of the base station in the description. The transceiver 23a, may include baseband circuitry and radio frequency (RF) circuitry.
[0242] With reference to FIG. 25, the embodiment of the disclosure also provides a chip 70 that may correspond to a UE in the embodiments of the disclosure. The chip 70 may implement a corresponding process realized by the UE in various methods of the embodiments of the disclosure. The chip 70 includes a processor 71, and the processor 71 may call and run a computer program from memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of the present application.
[0243] Optionally, the chip 70 may also include a memory 72. In particular, the processor 71 may call and run the computer program from the memory 72 to implement the methods in the embodiments of the present application.
[0244] Moreover, the memory 72 may be a separate device from the processor 71 or may be integrated into the processor 71.
[0245] Optionally, the chip 70 may further include an input interface 73. Note that the processor 71 may control the input interface 73 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to obtain messages or data sent by other devices or chips.
[0246] Optionally, the chip 70 may further include an output interface 74. Note that the processor 71 may control the output interface 74 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to output messages or data to other devices or chips.
[0247] With reference to FIG. 26, the embodiment of the disclosure also provides another chip 80 that may correspond to a base station (e.g., CN network entity, network node, radio node, the base station, or gNB) in the description, and the chip 80 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the base station in the various methods of the embodiments of the disclosure. The chip 80 includes a processor 81, and the processor 81 may call and run a computer program from the memory 82 to implement the methods in the embodiments of the present application.
[0248] Optionally, the chip 80 may further include a memory 82. In particular, the processor 81 may call and run the computer program from the memory 82 to implement the methods in the embodiments of the present application.
[0249] Wherein the memory 82 may be a separate device from the processor 81 or may be integrated into the processor 81.
[0250] Optionally, the chip 80 may also include an input interface 83. In particular, the processor 81 may control the input interface 83 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to obtain messages or data sent by other devices or chips.
[0251] Optionally, the chip may further include an output interface 84. In particular, the processor 81 may control the output interface 84 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to output messages or data to other devices or chips.
[0252] The embodiment of the present disclosure is a combination of techniques / processes that may be adopted in 3GPP specification to create an end product.
[0253] While the present disclosure has been described in connection with what is considered the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the disclosed embodiments but is intended to cover various arrangements made without departing from the scope of the broadest interpretation of the appended claims.
Claims
1.A method for managing measurement gaps for execution by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving, from a base station, a configuration for enabling transmission and reception during measurement gaps (MGs) ;receiving, from the base station, a dynamic configuration in a Downlink Control Information (DCI) format, wherein the dynamic configuration includes a one-bit indication for indicating whether to skip a measurement gap;determining whether to skip performing measurements during the measurement gap based on at least one of: a priority level assigned to the MGs, a priority level assigned to configured grants (CGs) , a priority level for a discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration, a skip type indicator, or the one-bit indication; andtransmitting or receiving data during the measurement gap based on the determination whether to skip performing measurements, wherein the one-bit indication corresponds to the measurement gap occurring after a predetermined time offset from reception of the DCI format.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the skip type indicator indicates how measurement gaps are to be skipped when the measurement gaps overlap with data transmission or reception;wherein the skip type indicator is set to one of: no skip, full skip, semi-full skip, or partial skip, where:no skip indicates that the UE performs measurements during all measurement gaps regardless of overlaps with data transmission or reception,full skip indicates that the UE skips all measurement gaps that overlap with data transmission or reception,semi-full skip indicates that the UE skips an entire measurement gap if any part of the measurement gap overlaps with data transmission or reception, andpartial skip indicates that the UE skips only the portion of a measurement gap that overlaps with data transmission or reception while continuing to perform measurements in the non-overlapping portion.3.The method of claim 1, wherein the one-bit indication set to a first value of indicates to skip the measurement gap, and a second value of indicates to not skip the measurement gap.4.The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined time offset is 3 or 5 milliseconds.5.The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving multiple dynamic configurations with one-bit indications before the measurement gap; and determining whether to skip the measurement gap based on the most recently received one-bit indication.6.The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving multiple dynamic configurations with one-bit indications before the measurement gap; and determining whether to skip the measurement gap based on a first received one-bit indication.7.The method of claim 1, further comprising:performing measurements on a non-overlapping portion of the measurement gap when the measurement gap is partially overlapped with a configured grant (CG) transmission occasion.8.The method of claim 7, wherein:when data transmission begins before the start of the measurement gap and completes before the measurement gap ends, measurements are performed on a remaining portion of the measurement gap that does not overlap with the data transmission.9.The method of claim 7, wherein:when the measurement gap begins before the start of data transmission and the data transmission begins before the measurement gap ends, measurements are performed on a first portion of the measurement gap before the data transmission begins, and the remaining portion of the measurement gap is skipped.10.The method of claim 1, wherein the DCI format is one of: DCI format 0_1, DCI format 1_1, DCI format 0_2, DCI format 1_2, DCI format 0_3, or DCI format 1_3.11.The method of claim 1, further comprising:transmitting, to the base station, assistance information indicating a ratio of measurement gap occasions for skipping during a time period.12.The method of claim 1, further comprising:transmitting, to the base station, assistance information including traffic characteristics comprising at least one of: burst start time, burst end time, burst period, or burst size.13.The method of claim 12, whereinthe burst start time is expressed as a time offset relative to a reference time,the burst end time is expressed as the burst start time plus a time interval, andthe time offset and the time interval are in units of slots, milliseconds, or microseconds.14.The method of claim 1, further comprising:transmitting, to the base station, assistance information including variance of channel condition measurements, wherein the channel condition measurements comprise at least one of: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) , Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) , or Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SINR) for downlink reference signals.15.The method of claim 14, wherein the channel condition measurements are reported when crossing a threshold value received from the base station.16.The method of claim 1, further comprising:determining a mobility state based on a variance of channel measurements over a period; andtransmitting, to the base station, assistance information including the determined mobility state.17.The method of claim 16, wherein the mobility state is classified as one of: high mobility, medium mobility, or low mobility based on the variance of the channel measurements compared to one or more thresholds.18.The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving, from the base station, a configuration of a Measurement Gap Repetition Period (MGRP) with a non-integer value matching an Extended Reality (XR) traffic period.19.The method of claim 18, wherein the MGRP with the non-integer value is selected from a group consisting of: 50 / 3 milliseconds, 100 / 9 milliseconds, and 25 / 3 milliseconds, corresponding to XR frame rates of 60, 90, and 120 frames per second, respectively.20.The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving, from the base station, a configuration of an MGRP aligned with a CG period.21.The method of claim 20, wherein the MGRP is configured as an integer multiple of the CG period to prevent overlaps between MGs and CG-Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) Transmission Occasions (TOs) .22.The method of claim 20, wherein the MGRP is selected from a group consisting of: 4 milliseconds, 8 milliseconds, 11 milliseconds, 16 milliseconds, 32 milliseconds, 64 milliseconds, and 128 milliseconds.23.The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving, from the base station, a configuration of multiple Measurement Gap (MG) configurations with different offsets and the same MGRP.24.The method of claim 23, wherein the multiple MG configurations with different offsets are configured to prevent overlaps between MGs and data transmission within a time period equal to a least common multiple of a data transmission period and the MGRP.25.The method of claim 23, further comprising:selectively activating or deactivating one or more of the multiple MG configurations based on a semi-static configuration or a dynamic configuration.26.The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving, from the base station, a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message configuring the priority level assigned to the CGs, wherein determining whether to skip performing measurements during the measurement gap comprises comparing the priority level assigned to the CGs with a priority level assigned to the MGs.27.The method of claim 26, wherein when the priority level of the CGs is higher than the priority level of the MGs, the UE transmits data on CG-PUSCH TOs instead of performing measurements when the CG-PUSCH TOs overlap with the MGs.28.The method of claim 26, wherein the priority level assigned to the CGs is indicated in a ConfiguredGrantConfig information element.29.The method of claim 26, wherein the priority level assigned to the CGs is determined based on a priority of logical channels assigned to the CGs.30.The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving, from the base station, an RRC message configuring the priority level assigned to the MGs within a MeasGapConfig information element.31.The method of claim 30, wherein the priority level assigned to the MGs is assigned a value ranging from 1 to 16 based on UE conditions including at least one of: traffic characteristics, channel conditions, mobility state, or UE position.32.The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving, from the base station, an RRC message configuring the priority level for the DRX configuration, wherein determining whether to skip performing measurements during the measurement gap comprises comparing the priority level of the DRX configuration with the priority level assigned to the MGs.33.The method of claim 32, wherein when the priority level for the DRX configuration is higher than the priority level assigned to the MGs, the UE transmits or receives data during active states of the DRX configuration instead of performing measurements when the active states overlap with the MGs.34.The method of claim 32, wherein the priority level for the DRX configuration is indicated in a DRX-Config information element.35.The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving, from the base station, the one-bit indication within at least one of: a MeasGapConfig information element or a DRX-Config information element;wherein when the one-bit indication is enabled, the UE skips measurements and prioritizes data transmission or reception in overlapping CG resources or DRX active states.36.The method of claim 1, further comprising:autonomously skipping one or more measurement gaps based on UE conditions.37.The method of claim 36, wherein the UE conditions comprise a buffer status, and wherein autonomously skipping the one or more measurement gaps comprises:determining that a remaining packet delay budget for packets in a UE buffer is below a threshold; andskipping the one or more measurement gaps to prioritize transmission of the packets.38.The method of claim 37, further comprising:transmitting a Delay Status Report (DSR) to the base station before autonomously skipping the one or more measurement gaps.39.The method of claim 36, wherein the UE conditions comprise channel conditions, and wherein autonomously skipping the one or more measurement gaps comprises:periodically measuring at least one of: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) , Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) , or Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SINR) for downlink reference signals; andskipping the one or more measurement gaps when the measured RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR exceeds a threshold.40.The method of claim 36, wherein the UE conditions comprise a mobility state, and wherein autonomously skipping the one or more measurement gaps comprises:estimating a variance of measured Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) , Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) , or Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SINR) of a serving cell over a period; andskipping the one or more measurement gaps when the variance is below a threshold, indicating low mobility.41.The method of claim 36, further comprising:receiving, from the base station, an RRC message or a Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) to enable autonomous measurement gap skipping.42.The method of claim 36, further comprising:reporting, to the base station, a time duration of measurement gaps for autonomously skipping.43.A user equipment (UE) comprising:a processor configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to cause a device in which the processor is installed to execute the method of any of claims 1 to 42.44.A chip, comprising:a processor, configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to cause a device in which the chip is installed to execute the method of any of claims 1 to 42.45.A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any of claims 1 to 42.46.A computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any of claims 1 to 42.47.A computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any of claims 1 to 42.48.A method for managing measurement gaps for execution by a base station, comprising:transmitting, to a user equipment (UE) , a configuration for enabling transmission and reception during measurement gaps (MGs) of the UE; andtransmitting a dynamic configuration in a Downlink Control Information (DCI) format for skipping measurements by the UE during a measurement gap;wherein the dynamic configuration includes at least one of a one-bit indication for indicating whether to skip a measurement gap, a priority level assigned to the MGs, a priority level assigned to configured grants (CGs) , a priority level for a discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration, or a skip type indicator;wherein the one-bit indication corresponds to the measurement gap occurring after a predetermined time offset from reception of the DCI format.49.The method of claim 48, wherein the skip type indicator indicates how measurement gaps are to be skipped when the measurement gaps overlap with data transmission or reception;wherein the skip type indicator is set to one of: no skip, full skip, semi-full skip, or partial skip, where:no skip indicates that the UE performs measurements during all measurement gaps regardless of overlaps with data transmission or reception,full skip indicates that the UE skips all measurement gaps that overlap with data transmission or reception,semi-full skip indicates that the UE skips an entire measurement gap if any part of the measurement gap overlaps with data transmission or reception, andpartial skip indicates that the UE skips only the portion of a measurement gap that overlaps with data transmission or reception while continuing to perform measurements in the non-overlapping portion.50.The method of claim 48, wherein the one-bit indication set to a first value of indicates to skip the measurement gap, and a second value of indicates to not skip the measurement gap.51.The method of claim 48, wherein the predetermined time offset is 3 or 5 milliseconds.52.The method of claim 48, further comprising:transmitting multiple dynamic configurations with one-bit indications before the measurement gap;wherein in the one-bit indications of the multiple dynamic configurations, the most recently received one-bit indication is for the UE to determine whether to skip the measurement gap.53.The method of claim 48, further comprising:transmitting multiple dynamic configurations with one-bit indications before the measurement gap;wherein in the one-bit indications of the multiple dynamic configurations, a first transmitted one-bit indication is for the UE to determine whether to skip the measurement gap.54.The method of claim 48, wherein the skip type indicator is for the UE to perform measurements on a non-overlapping portion of the measurement gap when the measurement gap is partially overlapped with a configured grant (CG) transmission occasion.55.The method of claim 48, wherein the DCI format is one of: DCI format 0_1, DCI format 1_1, DCI format 0_2, DCI format 1_2, DCI format 0_3, or DCI format 1_3.56.The method of claim 48, further comprising:receiving, from the UE, assistance information indicating a ratio of measurement gap occasions for skipping during a time period.57.The method of claim 48, further comprising:receiving, from the UE, assistance information including traffic characteristics comprising at least one of:burst start time, burst end time, burst period, or burst size.58.The method of claim 57, whereinthe burst start time is expressed as a time offset relative to a reference time,the burst end time is expressed as the burst start time plus a time interval, andthe time offset and the time interval are in units of slots, milliseconds, or microseconds.59.The method of claim 48, further comprising:receiving, from the UE, assistance information including variance of channel condition measurements, wherein the channel condition measurements comprise at least one of: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) , Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) , or Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SINR) for downlink reference signals.60.The method of claim 48, further comprising:receiving, from the UE, assistance information including a mobility state, wherein the mobility state is determined by the UE based on a variance of channel measurements over a period.61.The method of claim 60, wherein the mobility state is classified as one of: high mobility, medium mobility, or low mobility based on the variance of the channel measurements compared to one or more thresholds.62.The method of claim 48, further comprising:transmitting, to the UE, a configuration of a Measurement Gap Repetition Period (MGRP) with a non-integer value matching an Extended Reality (XR) traffic period.63.The method of claim 62, wherein the MGRP with the non-integer value is selected from a group consisting of: 50 / 3 milliseconds, 100 / 9 milliseconds, and 25 / 3 milliseconds, corresponding to XR frame rates of 60, 90, and 120 frames per second, respectively.64.The method of claim 48, further comprising:transmitting, to the UE, a configuration of an MGRP aligned with a CG period.65.The method of claim 64, wherein the MGRP is configured as an integer multiple of the CG period to prevent overlaps between MGs and CG-Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) Transmission Occasions (TOs) .66.The method of claim 64, wherein the MGRP is selected from a group consisting of: 4 milliseconds, 8 milliseconds, 11 milliseconds, 16 milliseconds, 32 milliseconds, 64 milliseconds, and 128 milliseconds.67.The method of claim 48, further comprising:transmitting, to the UE, a configuration of multiple Measurement Gap (MG) configurations with different offsets and the same MGRP.68.The method of claim 67, wherein the multiple MG configurations with different offsets are configured to prevent overlaps between MGs and data transmission within a time period equal to a least common multiple of a data transmission period and the MGRP.69.The method of claim 48, further comprising:transmitting, to the UE, a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message configuring the priority level assigned to the CGs, wherein the priority level assigned to the CGs is for the UE to compare the priority level assigned to the CGs with a priority level assigned to the MGs and determine whether to skip performing measurements during the measurement gap based on the comparing.70.The method of claim 69, wherein the priority level of the CGs higher than the priority level of the MGs indicates prioritization of data transmission on CG-PUSCH TOs over performing measurements when the CG-PUSCH TOs overlap with the MGs.71.The method of claim 69, wherein the priority level assigned to the CGs is indicated in a ConfiguredGrantConfig information element.72.The method of claim 48, further comprising:transmitting, to the UE, an RRC message configuring the priority level assigned to the MGs within a MeasGapConfig information element.73.The method of claim 72, wherein the priority level ranging from 1 to 16 assigned to the MGs is determined based on UE conditions including at least one of: traffic characteristics, channel conditions, mobility state, or UE position.74.The method of claim 48, further comprising:transmitting, to the UE, an RRC message configuring the priority level for the DRX configuration, wherein the priority level for the DRX configuration is for the UE to compare the priority level of the DRX configuration with the priority level assigned to the MGs and to determine whether to skip performing measurements during the measurement gap based on the comparing.75.The method of claim 74, wherein the priority level for the DRX configuration higher than the priority level assigned to the MGs indicates prioritization of data transmission during active states of the DRX configuration over performing measurements when the active states overlap with the MGs.76.The method of claim 74, wherein the priority level for the DRX configuration is indicated in a DRX-Config information element.77.The method of claim 48, further comprising:transmitting, to the UE, the one-bit indication within at least one of: a MeasGapConfig information element or a DRX-Config information element;wherein the enabled one-bit indication instructs the UE to skip measurements and prioritize data transmission or reception in overlapping CG resources or DRX active states.78.The method of claim 48, further comprising:configuring the UE to autonomously skip one or more measurement gaps based on UE conditions.79.The method of claim 48, further comprising:receiving a Delay Status Report (DSR) before the UE autonomously skips the one or more measurement gaps.80.The method of claim 78, further comprising:transmitting, to the UE, an RRC message or a Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) to enable autonomous measurement gap skipping.81.The method of claim 78, further comprising:receiving a time duration of measurement gaps for autonomously skipping.82.A base station comprising:a processor configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to cause a device in which the processor is installed to execute the method of any of claims 48 to 81.83.A chip, comprising:a processor, configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to cause a device in which the chip is installed to execute the method of any of claims 48 to 81.84.A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any of claims 48 to 81.85.A computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any of claims 48 to 81.86.A computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any of claims 48 to 81.
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