Perovskite photovoltaic module, manufacturing method therefor and use thereof

Abstract

A perovskite photovoltaic module, a manufacturing method therefor and the use thereof, belonging to the technical field of perovskite solar cells. In the perovskite photovoltaic module, a planarization layer (22) is provided between adjacent encapsulation layers so as to enable the two adjacent encapsulation layers to envelope the planarization layer (22), thereby preventing moisture and oxygen from infiltrating through an interface between an outer encapsulation layer and a substrate of the perovskite solar cell (10) and affecting the encapsulation effect of the perovskite photovoltaic module. The planarization layer (22) formed by a curable adhesive having water content less than 100 ppm and a desiccant (23) can prolong the path for moisture and oxygen to enter the interior of the perovskite solar cell (10), thereby improving the encapsulation effect. Additionally, an encapsulation structure of the perovskite photovoltaic module is formed by means of mature processes, such that free moisture and oxygen components in the planarization layer are absorbed by the desiccant, thus preventing diffusion to other functional layers or devices.

Description

Perovskite photovoltaic module and preparation method and application thereof TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of perovskite batteries, and particularly relates to a perovskite photovoltaic module and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] It is known in the art that perovskite solar cells have become a popular new type of solar cell due to their high photoelectric conversion efficiency, low cost and environmentally friendly use of materials. However, the stability of perovskite solar cells under light conditions is still a major challenge.

[0003] The existing perovskite solar cells are prone to adsorb water and oxygen in the environment due to the presence of many defects in the perovskite material, which will accelerate the ion migration of perovskite under light conditions, ultimately leading to phase separation. Therefore, it is crucial to isolate water and oxygen in order to improve the stability and prolong the service life of the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0004] Therefore, the present application is proposed. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a perovskite photovoltaic module and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In one aspect, the present application provides a perovskite photovoltaic module, which comprises an encapsulation structure stacked on a perovskite solar cell, the encapsulation structure comprising multiple encapsulation layers, a flat layer being provided between adjacent encapsulation layers, the flat layer comprising a curable glue and a desiccant, and the water content of both being less than 100 ppm.

[0008] Specifically, the desiccant is doped in the curable glue, and the weight percentage of the desiccant in the flat layer is further limited to 0.01% to 1%. This is because: if the content of the desiccant is too high, the flat layer may crack and become less flexible after film formation, and if the content of the desiccant is too low, the ability to resist water vapor is poor.

[0009] Specifically, the desiccant is a metal oxide desiccant; the average particle size of the metal oxide desiccant is less than 10 microns; and further preferably, the average particle size is 0.01 microns to 1 micron. If the average particle size is less than 0.01 microns, the manufacturing cost of the desiccant particles will increase.

[0010] Specifically, the metal oxide-based desiccant is at least one of barium oxide (BaO) particles, calcium oxide (CaO) particles, strontium oxide (SrO) particles, magnesium oxide (MgO) particles, and a powdered metal oxide such as a molecular sieve.

[0011] Further, the metal oxide-based desiccant includes calcium oxide particles and strontium oxide particles, and the mass of the strontium oxide particles accounts for 88% to 95% of the total mass of the strontium oxide particles and the calcium oxide particles. The mass ratio of the strontium oxide particles is above 88% from the aspect of reducing the water vapor transmission rate of the package, and the mass ratio of the strontium oxide particles is below 95% from the aspect of improving the flatness of the flat layer.

[0012] wherein the calcium oxide particles are particles including calcium oxide (CaO) as a main component, and the strontium oxide particles are particles including strontium oxide (SrO) as a main component. Specifically, the calcium oxide (CaO) particles generally include 80% or more of calcium oxide (CaO) on the basis of the mass ratio of the calcium oxide (CaO) particles; and the strontium oxide (SrO) particles generally include 80% or more of strontium oxide (SrO) on the basis of the mass of the strontium oxide (SrO) particles.

[0013] It should be noted that the average particle size of the metal oxide-based desiccant in the present application refers to the median value of the volume distribution measured by a dynamic light scattering particle size analyzer. The average particle size is a value measured using a dispersion liquid in which the oxide particles are dispersed in a specified dispersion medium and adjusted.

[0014] wherein the metal oxide-based desiccant is preferably small enough compared to the film thickness of the flat layer for packaging the perovskite solar cell module, and by adjusting the particle size in this way, the possibility of damage to the perovskite solar cell is further reduced.

[0015] Specifically, the curable adhesive can be an epoxy resin, a polyacrylate, or the like, and the curable adhesive can form the flat layer by photocuring, thermocuring, or photocuring and thermocuring. Since the curable adhesive has good fluidity in a liquid state and the curable adhesive can be selected from a wide range, the flat layer can be made of a resin. Further, the polymerizable component of the curable adhesive can include a polymerizable compound having one or more polymerizable unsaturated groups.

[0016] Further, the curable adhesive is a silicone compound having a siloxane chain and a substituent bonded to the polysiloxane chain and having a polymerizable unsaturated group.

[0017] Further, the silicone compound can be represented by the following formula (1):

[0018] R1 and R2 can each be hydrogen or methyl; R3 and R4 can each be alkyl or aryl; R5 and R6 can each be substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C30 alkylene groups.

[0019] Furthermore, the silicone compound may be a compound with the following structural formula (2), CAS number: 1581235-15-5.

[0020] Furthermore, the content of the silicone compound is based on the mass of the curable adhesive, for example, it can be 5% to 50% of the mass of the curable adhesive.

[0021] Specifically, the water vapor permeability (WVTR) of the flattening layer is < 10 × 10⁻⁶. -6 g / m 2 / day, for example, the water vapor permeability of a flat layer can be 2×10⁻⁶. -6 g / m 2 / day, 5×10 -6 g / m 2 / day, 8×10 -6 g / m 2 / day, etc.

[0022] Specifically, the thickness of the planarization layer is 0.3μm to 20μm. It should be noted that the thickness of the planarization layer can be adapted to actual needs, and the selectable thicknesses are 0.3μm, 2μm, 5μm, 8μm, 10μm, 12μm, 15μm, 18μm, 20μm, etc., which will not be listed one by one.

[0023] Specifically, the encapsulation layers are all made of dense inorganic materials, such as silicon dioxide (SiO2). x1 O y1 ), silicon nitride (Si x2 N y2 ), silicon oxynitride (SiO) x3 N y3 Zinc oxide (ZnO), antimony trioxide (Sb₂O₃), aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) x4 O y4 At least one of indium oxide (In2O3) or tin oxide (SnO2), wherein x1, x2, x3, x4, y1, y2, y3, and y4 are all integers in the range of 1 to 5.

[0024] Optionally, the encapsulation layer comprises a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer, and the thickness of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer is independently 5 nm to 10 microns. The encapsulation structure formed by the combination of the encapsulation layer with a thickness of 5 nm to 10 microns and the flat layer with a thickness of 0.3 microns to 20 microns has the advantages of small thickness and good water and oxygen blocking effect, and increases the toughness of the perovskite solar cell encapsulation structure, which is helpful to realize the flexible packaging of the perovskite solar cell.

[0025] It should be noted that the thickness of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer can be adaptively prepared according to actual needs, and the optional thickness is 5 nm, 50 nm, 100 nm, 500 nm, 1 micron, 3 microns, 5 microns, 7 microns, 8 microns, 9 microns, 10 microns, etc., which will not be listed one by one.

[0026] Further, the preparation of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer can be deposited by the following plasma process or vacuum process, such as sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), evaporation, sublimation, electron cyclotron resonance-plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (ECR-PECVD) and combinations thereof.

[0027] On the other hand, the present application also provides a preparation method of a perovskite photovoltaic module, which comprises two encapsulation layers, and the steps mainly include:

[0028] Step one, preparing a perovskite solar cell

[0029] Step two, preparing a first layer of encapsulation layer

[0030] The material of the first layer of encapsulation layer is coated on the surface of the perovskite solar cell module by CVD or PECVD to form the first layer of encapsulation layer above the perovskite solar cell;

[0031] Step three, preparing a flat layer

[0032] The material of the flat layer is coated on the surface of the first layer of encapsulation layer by printing or gluing process, and then cured by light and / or heat to form the flat layer;

[0033] Step four, preparing a second layer of encapsulation layer

[0034] The material of the second layer of encapsulation layer is coated on the surface of the flat layer by CVD or PECVD to form the second layer of encapsulation layer.

[0035] Specifically, the perovskite solar cell comprises a transparent substrate, a first electrode layer, a first transport layer, a perovskite layer, a second transport layer and a second electrode layer along the direction of incident light.

[0036] It should be noted that the transparent substrate is not particularly limited in the present application, and any conductive substrate known in the art can be used as long as the purpose of the present application can be achieved. For example, the transparent substrate can include a flexible transparent substrate or a rigid transparent substrate; wherein the flexible transparent substrate can be at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyimide (PI), transparent polyimide (CPI), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and polyurethane (PU); and the rigid transparent substrate can be a rigid glass substrate.

[0037] Further, the first electrode layer comprises a metal oxide electrode layer, preferably an ITO layer or an FTO layer.

[0038] Further, the second electrode layer comprises any one or a combination of at least two of a semi-transparent electrode layer or a transparent electrode layer, preferably any one or a combination of at least two of a metal electrode layer or a carbon electrode layer; further preferably any one or a combination of at least two of a graphene electrode layer, a carbon nanotube electrode layer, a conductive polymer electrode layer, and a metal wire electrode layer. Among them, the metal wire electrode layer is preferably any one of an Au wire electrode layer, an Ag wire electrode layer, a Cu wire electrode layer, and an Al wire electrode layer. Moreover, the thickness of the metal electrode layer is not particularly limited in the present application as long as the purpose of the present application can be achieved, for example, it can be 50-100 nm, and an electrode layer thickness in this range can achieve better results. Of course, those skilled in the art can select a suitable electrode layer thickness according to the needs, and the optional thicknesses are 50 nm, 60 nm, 70 nm, 80 nm, 90 nm, 100 nm, and the like, which are not listed one by one. The preparation process of the metal electrode is not particularly limited in the present application, for example, a thermal evaporation method can be used.

[0039] Preferably, the first transport layer is a hole transport layer, and the second transport layer is an electron transport layer; or the first transport layer is an electron transport layer, and the second transport layer is a hole transport layer.

[0040] Preferably, a first interface modification layer is arranged between the first transport layer and the perovskite light-absorbing layer. Preferably, a second interface modification layer is arranged between the second transport layer and the perovskite light-absorbing layer. Preferably, the first interface modification layer and the second interface modification layer are each independently selected from an electron blocking layer, a hole blocking layer, and an interface passivation layer.

[0041] The hole transport layer is not particularly limited in the present application, and can be a material known to those skilled in the art or a combination thereof, for example, can be any one of a nickel oxide layer, a doped nickel oxide layer, a cuprous iodide layer, a cuprous thiocyanate layer, a poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA) layer, a PEDOT:PSS layer, or a Spiro-OMeTAD layer; and the thickness of the hole transport layer is not particularly limited in the present application, as long as the purpose of the present application can be achieved, for example, can be 10 nm to 100 nm; and the preparation process of the hole transport layer is not particularly limited in the present application, for example, can be a solution spin coating method, a solution blade coating method, a slot coating method, or a vapor phase method, etc., in some embodiments of the present application, the preparation method of the hole transport layer is a slot coating method.

[0042] The material of the electron transport layer is not particularly limited in the present application, and can be a material known to those skilled in the art or a combination thereof, for example, can be selected from a titanium dioxide (TiO2) electron transport layer, a tin dioxide (SnO2) electron transport layer, a fullerene (C60) electron transport layer, or a zinc oxide (ZnO) electron transport layer, etc.; and the preparation process of the electron transport layer is not particularly limited in the present application, for example, can be a vacuum evaporation method, a solution spin coating method, a solution blade coating method, a solution spray coating method, a slot coating method, or a hydrothermal growth method, etc., in some embodiments of the present application, the preparation method of the electron transport layer is a slot coating method.

[0043] The perovskite layer is not particularly limited in the present application, and can be a material known to those skilled in the art or a combination thereof, for example, the perovskite layer includes a perovskite material having an ABO3 type structure, and the perovskite material is selected from any one of CH3NH3PbBr3, CH3NH3PbI3, CH3NH3PbI2Cl, CH3NH3Pb(I 1-x Br x )3, wherein 0≤x≤1. The preparation process of the perovskite layer is not particularly limited in the present application, for example, can be a solution spin coating method, a solution blade coating method, a slot coating method, or a vapor method, etc., in some embodiments of the present application, the preparation method of the perovskite absorption layer is a slot coating method.

[0044] In addition, the present application also provides the use of the above-mentioned perovskite photovoltaic module in a solar cell.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] 1) The present application can avoid the invasion of water and oxygen from the interface between the second encapsulation layer and the perovskite solar cell substrate, thereby affecting the encapsulation effect of the perovskite photovoltaic module, by arranging a flat layer between adjacent encapsulation layers, so that the two adjacent encapsulation layers (for example, the first layer of encapsulation layer and the second layer of encapsulation layer) wrap the flat layer. Meanwhile, the flat layer formed by the curable glue with water content less than 100 ppm and the desiccant can prolong the way of water and oxygen entering the perovskite cell, thereby improving the encapsulation effect.

[0047] 2) The encapsulation structure provided by the present application is formed by using mature process, so that the free water and oxygen components in the flat layer are absorbed by the desiccant, avoiding diffusion to other functional layers or devices, reducing the influence of epoxy factors, and enhancing the stability of the perovskite solar cell.

[0048] 3) The desiccant and the curable glue in the present application have good compatibility, and the desiccant can be stably and uniformly distributed in the curable glue for a long time. The flat layer formed by the two can not only effectively block the invasion of water and oxygen into the perovskite photovoltaic module, but also can relieve the stress of the encapsulation layer, thereby improving the stability of the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0049] 4) The thickness of the flat layer in the present application is 0.3-10 microns, and the flat layer is wrapped by a nanoscale encapsulation layer structure, so that the thickness of the perovskite photovoltaic module is greatly reduced, the toughness of the encapsulation structure of the perovskite solar cell is increased, and the flexible encapsulation of the perovskite solar cell is more suitable.

[0050] 5) The preparation process of the present application is simple and has strong operability, and is suitable for industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0051] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and form part of the specification, which together with the specification serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0053] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the perovskite photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0054] Fig. 2 is a graph of the change of the energy conversion efficiency of the perovskite photovoltaic module prepared by the embodiment 1 and the comparative example 1 under the external air environment with time.

[0055] In the figure, 10 is a perovskite solar cell, 21 is a first layer of encapsulation layer, 22 is a flat layer, 23 is a desiccant, and 24 is a second layer of encapsulation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, the embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all the embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are only examples consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0057] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] Referring to FIG. 1, the present embodiment provides a perovskite photovoltaic module, which comprises a perovskite solar cell 10, a first encapsulation layer 21, a second encapsulation layer 24, and a flat layer 22 disposed between the first encapsulation layer 21 and the second encapsulation layer 24.

[0060] The first encapsulation layer 21 is SiO x3 N y3 (x3, y3 are each independently an integer in the range of 1-5, in the present embodiment, x3 = 1, y3 = 1, and the thickness is 2 μm; the second encapsulation layer is Si x2 N y2 (x2, y2 are each independently an integer in the range of 1-5, in the present embodiment, x2 = 3, y2 = 4), and the thickness is 2.5 μm.

[0061] The flat layer 22 is a curable glue and a desiccant 23, and the weight percentage of the desiccant 23 in the flat layer 22 is 0.5%.

[0062] The curable glue is a polyacrylate (a film encapsulation ink purchased from Xi'an Simowei New Material Co., Ltd.); the desiccant is a mixture of barium oxide particles and strontium oxide particles, the mass of the strontium oxide particles accounts for 90% of the total mass of the strontium oxide particles and calcium oxide particles, the average particle size of the strontium oxide particles is 0.5 μm, and the average particle size of the calcium oxide particles is 0.6 μm; the thickness of the flat layer is 5 μm. It should be noted that the material of the curable glue can also be a mixed material of epoxy resin and polyacrylate, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:1.

[0063] The preparation method of the perovskite photovoltaic module is as follows:

[0064] Step one, preparing a perovskite solar cell 10;

[0065] Step two, preparing a first layer encapsulation layer 21

[0066] The material of the first layer encapsulation layer 21 is coated on the surface of the perovskite solar cell 10 by a CVD preparation method to form the first layer encapsulation layer 21 above the perovskite solar cell 10.

[0067] Step three, the material of the flat layer 22 is coated on the surface of the first layer encapsulation layer 21 by a spin coating process, and then is cured by ultraviolet light to form the flat layer 22.

[0068] Step four, the second layer encapsulation layer 24 is prepared.

[0069] The material of the second layer encapsulation layer 24 is coated on the surface of the flat layer 22 by a CVD process to form the second layer encapsulation layer 24.

[0070] The perovskite solar cell 10 includes a transparent conductive PET substrate, a hole transport layer, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer and a metal electrode layer in the direction of incident light, and the preparation steps of the perovskite solar cell 10 are as follows:

[0071] Step (1), preparation of the transparent conductive PET substrate: the transparent conductive PET substrate is pretreated by ultrasonic treatment in anhydrous ethanol, the ultrasonic power is 900 W, and the ultrasonic time is 20 min; then the surface of the transparent conductive PET substrate is uniformly sprayed by a nitrogen gun, and then the transparent conductive PET substrate is subjected to ultraviolet ozone treatment for 15 min.

[0072] Step (2), preparation of the hole transport layer (HTL): 160 μL of the NiO x dispersion is spin coated on the transparent conductive PET substrate at a speed of 3000 r / min for 45 s, and then is annealed at 120°C for 15 min.

[0073] Step (3), preparation of the perovskite layer: 668.3 mg of PbI2, 228.76 mg of FAI, 7.8 mg of MABr, 14.18 mg of MACl, 18 mg of CsI and 28 mg of PbBr2 are mixed and dissolved in 1 mL of a DMF-DMSO mixed solution to prepare a perovskite precursor solution (the volume ratio of the mixed solution of PbI2, FAI, MABr, MACl, CsI and PbBr2 to the DMF-DMSO solution is 4:1), and the prepared perovskite precursor solution is spin coated on the NiO x functional layer (the spin coating speed is 4000 rpm, and the spin coating time is 40 s), 200 μL of chlorobenzene is added as an anti-solvent 7 s before the spin coating is completed, and annealing is performed at a temperature of 100°C for 1 h.

[0074] Step (4), preparation of the electron transport layer: the substrate is transferred into the vacuum evaporation chamber, the air pressure is pumped to 4x10 -3 Pa and kept, and C 60 The temperature of the organic evaporation source is raised to above 400℃, and the evaporation rate is controlled to be The evaporation thickness is 100 nm. 60 After the evaporation is completed, the temperature of the organic evaporation source of BCP (2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) is raised to above 120℃, and the evaporation rate is controlled to be The evaporation thickness is 10 nm.

[0075] Step (5), preparation of the metal electrode layer: a metal electrode layer is evaporated above the electron transport layer, the material is selected to be Ag, the air pressure in the vacuum evaporation chamber is pumped to 5x10 -4 Pa and an evaporation current of 120 A is applied, and the evaporation rate is

[0076] In addition, it should be noted that the number of layers and thickness of the encapsulation layer can be adaptively prepared according to actual encapsulation requirements. For example, the encapsulation structure is designed to include three encapsulation layers, a first encapsulation layer 21, a second encapsulation layer 24, and a third encapsulation layer. A planar layer 22 is arranged between the first encapsulation layer 21 and the second encapsulation layer 24, and between the second encapsulation layer 24 and the third encapsulation layer. The principle of more layers of encapsulation layer structure is similar, which will not be described here.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] On the basis of Example 1, the difference between Example 1 is that:

[0079] The planar layer 22 is a curable glue and a drying agent 23, and the weight percentage of the drying agent 23 in the planar layer 22 is 1%.

[0080] The curable glue is polyacrylate (polyacrylate is a film encapsulation ink purchased from Xi'an Simowei New Material Co., Ltd.); the drying agent is a mixture of barium oxide particles and strontium oxide particles, the mass of the strontium oxide particles accounts for 88% of the total mass of the strontium oxide particles and calcium oxide particles, the average particle size of the strontium oxide particles is 1 μm, and the average particle size of the calcium oxide particles is 1 μm; the thickness of the planar layer is 10 μm.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] On the basis of Example 1, the difference between Example 1 is that:

[0083] The planar layer 22 is a curable glue and a drying agent 23, and the weight percentage of the drying agent 23 in the planar layer 22 is 0.01%.

[0084] The curable glue is polyacrylate, and the polyacrylate includes a silicone compound (the polyacrylate is a film packaging ink purchased from Xi'an Simo Wei New Material Co., Ltd.); the desiccant is a mixture of barium oxide particles and strontium oxide particles, the mass of the strontium oxide particles accounts for 95% of the total mass of the strontium oxide particles and calcium oxide particles, the average particle size of the strontium oxide particles is 0.1 μm, and the average particle size of the calcium oxide particles is 0.5 μm; and the thickness of the flat layer is 0.3 μm.

[0085] Example 4

[0086] On the basis of Example 1, the difference between Example 1 and Example 4 is that:

[0087] The flat layer 22 is the curable glue and the desiccant 23, and the weight percentage of the desiccant 23 in the flat layer 22 is 0.01%.

[0088] The curable glue is polyacrylate (the polyacrylate is a film packaging ink purchased from Xi'an Simo Wei New Material Co., Ltd.); the desiccant 23 is barium oxide particles.

[0089] Comparative Example 1

[0090] On the basis of Example 1, the difference between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is that the flat layer 22 in Comparative Example 1 is only the curable glue.

[0091] In order to further verify the effectiveness of the perovskite photovoltaic module provided by the present application, the perovskite photovoltaic modules obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are tested for performance, and the testing process and results are as follows:

[0092] The PCE-t curve (the change curve of normalized efficiency with time) is determined using a solar simulator, the light intensity of the solar simulator is 100 mA / cm 2 , and the experimental conditions are light irradiation at atmospheric pressure, temperature 20℃, and humidity 30%.

[0093] FIG. 2 is a graph of the change of the energy conversion efficiency of the perovskite photovoltaic modules prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 with time in an external air environment. As shown in FIG. 2, the perovskite photovoltaic module prepared in Example 1 still maintains more than 90% of the initial energy conversion efficiency after 3600 h in the external air environment, while the energy of the perovskite photovoltaic module of Comparative Example 1 decreases to 70% of the initial value in the same time. Through comparison, it can be known that the desiccant 23 arranged in the flat layer 22 plays a very important role in isolating water and oxygen and increasing the stability of the battery device.

[0094] The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the application. Numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application.

[0095] It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the details of the above-described embodiments and that numerous modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the application. It is intended that the scope of the application only be limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A perovskite photovoltaic module, characterized by, The encapsulation structure stacked on the perovskite solar cell (10) comprises a plurality of encapsulation layers, and a flat layer (22) is arranged between adjacent encapsulation layers, the flat layer (22) comprises a curable glue and a desiccant (23), and the water content of both is less than 100 ppm.

2. The perovskite photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The desiccant (23) is doped in the curable glue, and the weight percentage of the desiccant (23) in the flat layer (22) is 0.01% to 1%.

3. The perovskite photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The desiccant (23) is a metal oxide desiccant, and the average particle size is 0.01 to 10 microns.

4. The perovskite photovoltaic module of claim 3, wherein, The metal oxide desiccant is a powdered metal oxide, and the powdered metal oxide is at least one of BaO, CaO, SrO, MgO, and molecular sieve.

5. The perovskite photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The material of the curable glue is at least one of epoxy resin and polyacrylate.

6. The perovskite photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the flat layer (22) is 0.3 to 10 microns.

7. The perovskite photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein, The flat layer (22) is prepared by printing or gluing process.

8. The perovskite photovoltaic component of claim 1, wherein, The packaging layer is prepared by using a dense inorganic material; the dense inorganic material is at least one of Si x1 O y1 , Si x2 N y2 , SiO x3 N y3 , ZnO, Sb2O3, Al x4 O y4 , In2O3, SnO2, wherein x1, x2, x3, x4, y1, y2, y3, y4 are all integers in the range of 1-5.

9. The method of producing a perovskite photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by, First, a first layer of encapsulation layer (21) is prepared above the perovskite solar cell (10), then a flat layer (22) is prepared above the first layer of encapsulation layer (21), and finally a second layer of encapsulation layer (24) is prepared above the flat layer (22), and the preparation process is repeated until the required number of encapsulation layers is prepared.

10. Use of a perovskite photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The perovskite photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is applied to a solar cell.

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