Cement grooves in tapered modular augments

Abstract

An orthopedic augment (100) can be used where the patient's bone at an implantation site is structurally compromised to aid in securing the orthopedic prothesis at the implantation site. The orthopedic augment has, on an internal surface (2) thereof, cement fixation features (3) that receive an orthopedic cement therein and aid in resisting separation of the orthopedic prosthesis from the orthopedic augment. In addition, the orthopedic augment may include mechanical fixation mechanisms to engage the orthopedic prosthesis. Thus arranged, the orthopedic augment provides greater flexibility, in that it can be used in the form of a cone (e.g., cemented fixation) or a sleeve (e.g., mechanical fixation).

Description

CEMENT GROOVES IN TAPERED MODULAR AUGMENTSCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application is a non-provisional of and claims the benefit of the filing date of U.S. provisional patent application number 63 / 651,145, which was filed on May 23, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0002] The present disclosure relates generally to orthopedic augments. More particularly, but not exclusively, the present disclosure relates to fixation features formed in such orthopedic augments.BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0003] Joints are known to undergo degenerative changes due to a variety of reasons. When joint degeneration becomes advanced or irreversible, it may become necessary to replace the natural joint with a prosthetic joint. Artificial implants, including hip joints, shoulder joints, and knee joints are widely used in orthopedic surgery. In some circumstances, it may become necessary to conduct a second or subsequent surgery in order to replace a prosthetic joint with a (often larger) replacement joint. Such surgeries, known as “revision” surgeries, often occur due to further degeneration of bone or advancement of a degenerative disease, requiring removal of further bone and replacement of the removed, diseased bone with a larger or enhanced prosthetic joint, often referred to as a revision prosthesis.

[0004] For example, in the context of a knee implant replacement, the patient’s bone surrounding the implant may be compromised. In such situations, it may be necessary to utilize an augment to provide additional support to the prosthesis being implanted. For example, an augment may be used to surround and / or support the intramedullary stem of the tibial and / or femoral prosthesis. In use, as part of the surgical technique, the surgeon may place both the prosthesis and augment within the patient in order to ensure a proper fit before fastening the two components together to prevent motion between them. Generally speaking, in use, the augment may be provided in the form of a cone, which is inserted into the patient’s bone to provide a rigid fixation, where the cone is then cemented in order to become fixated back to the implant construct providing overall fixation. Alternatively, the augment may be provided in the form of a sleeve, which may be mechanically fixated (e.g., threads, tapered surfaces, or the like) to secure the prosthesis when inserted into the bone. However, it has been found that fastening the prosthesis and the augment may be difficult, particularly when using bone cement since, generally speaking, currently known augments lack adequate provisions for receiving cement.SUMMARY

[0005] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[0006] In some examples, an orthopedic augment for use in securing an orthopedic prosthesis at an implantation site is disclosed. The orthopedic augment including a body that defines an outer surface of the orthopedic augment, a cavity formed within and through the body to define an internal surface, wherein the cavity is configured to receive a portion of the orthopedic prosthesis therein, and one or more cement fixation features provided over the internal surface and configured to receive therein an orthopedic cement to aid in securing the orthopedic prosthesis within the orthopedic augment to resist separation of the orthopedic prosthesis from the orthopedic augment.

[0007] In any preceding or subsequent example, the internal surface is tapered, such that an inner diameter at a first longitudinal end of the orthopedic augment that is greater than an inner diameter of the internal surface at a second longitudinal end of the orthopedic augment.

[0008] In any preceding or subsequent example, the outer surface is tapered, such that an outer diameter at the first longitudinal end of the orthopedic augment that is greater than an outer diameter of the internal surface at the second longitudinal end of the orthopedic augment.

[0009] In any preceding or subsequent example, the body is in a form of a sleeve.

[0010] In any preceding or subsequent example, the sleeve has a uniform wall thickness, defined between the internal surface and the outer surface, over substantially an entire length of the orthopedic augment.

[0011] In any preceding or subsequent example, the outer surface is conically shaped or frustoconically shaped.

[0012] In any preceding or subsequent example, at least one of the one or more cement fixation features is a longitudinally extending groove that is formed in the internal surface.

[0013] In any preceding or subsequent example, the one or more cement fixation features is a plurality of cement fixation features, the plurality of cement fixation features comprising a plurality of longitudinally extending grooves that are formed in the internal surface.

[0014] In any preceding or subsequent example, the plurality of grooves are spaced circumferentially apart from each other around the internal surface.

[0015] In any preceding or subsequent example, each groove is formed over only a portion of a length of the internal surface.

[0016] In any preceding or subsequent example, each groove is formed over an entirety of a length of the internal surface.

[0017] In any preceding or subsequent example, each groove only extends parallel to a longitudinal axis of the orthopedic augment.

[0018] In any preceding or subsequent example, at least one of the one or more cement fixation features is a pocket recess that is formed in the internal surface.

[0019] In any preceding or subsequent example, the one or more cement fixation features is a plurality of cement fixation features, the plurality of cement fixation features comprising a plurality of pocket recesses that are formed in the internal surface.

[0020] In any preceding or subsequent example, the plurality of pocket recesses are noncontinuous, or interrupted, being spaced apart and separated from each other on the internal surface.

[0021] In any preceding or subsequent example, the plurality of pocket recesses are coplanar with each other, formed at a same position relative to a longitudinal axis of the orthopedic augment.

[0022] In any preceding or subsequent example, the plurality of pocket recesses are not coplanar with each other.

[0023] In any preceding or subsequent example, at least one of the one or more cement fixation features is an annular recess that is circumferentially continuous or unending and is formed in the internal surface.

[0024] In any preceding or subsequent example, the one or more cement fixation features is a plurality of annular recesses that are circumferentially continuous or unending and are formed in the internal surface.

[0025] In any preceding or subsequent example, the plurality of annular recesses are spaced apart from each other along a longitudinal axis of the orthopedic augment.

[0026] In any preceding or subsequent example, the one or more cement fixation features comprises at least two of one or more longitudinally extending grooves that are formed in the internal surface; one or more pocket recesses that are formed in the internal surface; and one or more annular recesses that are circumferentially continuous or unending and are formed in the internal surface.

[0027] In any preceding or subsequent example, the one or more cement fixation features includes one or more longitudinally extending grooves that are formed in the internal surface; one or more pocket recesses that are formed in the internal surface; and one or more annular recesses that are circumferentially continuous or unending and are formed in the internal surface.

[0028] An orthopedic assembly is also disclosed. The orthopedic assembly including an orthopedic prosthesis and an orthopedic augment, wherein the orthopedic augment is configured for attachment to the orthopedic prosthesis using a tapered junction formed by the tapered internal surface of the sleeve or by applying an orthopedic cement to bond the orthopedic prosthesis to the orthopedic augment, the orthopedic cement being applied to cure within the sleeve, between the internal surface of the orthopedic augment and a portion of the orthopedic prosthesis positioned therein and also infiltrating the one or more cement fixation features; and wherein the attachment of the orthopedic augment to the orthopedic prosthesis rotationally locks the orthopedic augment and the orthopedic prosthesis together to resist relative rotation therebetween.

[0029] An orthopedic augment for use in securing an orthopedic prosthesis at an implantation site is also disclosed. The orthopedic augment including a body that defines an outer surface of the orthopedic augment, a threaded junction formed within and through the body to define an internal surface, wherein the sleeve is configured to receive a portion of the orthopedic prosthesis therein, and one or more cement fixation features provided over the internal surface and configured to receive therein an orthopedic cement to aid in securing the orthopedic prosthesis within the orthopedic augment to resist separation of the orthopedic prosthesis from the orthopedic augment.

[0030] Examples of the present disclosure provide numerous advantages. For example, in accordance with the present disclosure, the augment includes a tapered junction with internal cement features. Thus increasing the adaptability of the augment relative to a stand-alone taper and allowing surgeons to couple the augment to a stem. The augment provides an adaptable porous implant that can mate with other implants by a tapered junction or bone cement depending on surgeon preference and / or patient anatomy. By having this capability, the surgeon can provide various fixation options specific to what is best for the patient and optimizing construct stability or implant fit.

[0031] Further features and advantages of at least some of the examples of the present invention, as well as the structure and operation of various examples of the present invention, are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] By way of example, specific examples of the disclosed device will now be described, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0033] FIG. 1 is a first view of a first example of a modular orthopedic augment in a form that is capable of being used as a cone or a sleeve, having cement fixation features formed on the inner radial surface of the sleeve.

[0034] FIG. 2 is a second, side, view of the orthopedic augment of FIG. 1.

[0035] FIG. 3 is a first view of a second example of a modular orthopedic augment capable of being used in the form of a cone or a sleeve, having cement fixation features formed in a discrete manner over the inner radial surface thereof.

[0036] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional side view of the orthopedic augment of FIG. 3.

[0037] FIG. 5 is a first view of a third example of a modular orthopedic augment capable of being used in the form of a cone or a sleeve, having cement fixation features formed in a continuous manner over the inner radial surface thereof.

[0038] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional side view of the orthopedic augment of FIG. 5.

[0039] FIG. 7 is a side view of an example orthopedic assembly, in which a first orthopedic augment is connected to a taper junction on a stem and a second orthopedic augment is connected, with either cement or a mechanical means such as a morse-taper to a revision femoral boss.

[0040] FIG. 8 is a view of another example orthopedic augment with a cylindrical outer profile.

[0041] FIG. 9 is a view of another example orthopedic augment with a stepped outer profile.

[0042] FIG. 10 is a side view of the orthopedic augment of FIG. 9.

[0043] FIG. 11 is a side view of another example orthopedic augment with a blended- stepped outer profile.

[0044] FIG. 12 is a side view of another example orthopedic augment with a stepped outer profile with flat surfaces formed over a portion of the outer surface thereof.

[0045] FIG. 13 is a front view of the orthopedic augment of FIG. 12.

[0046] FIG. 14 is another example orthopedic augment, in which the internal cavity is not coaxial with the body of the orthopedic augment.

[0047] FIG. 15 is a side view of the orthopedic augment of FIG. 14.

[0048] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of another example orthopedic augment that can be produced by an additive manufacturing process.

[0049] The drawings are not necessarily to scale. The drawings are merely representations, not intended to portray specific parameters of the disclosure. The drawings are intended to depict various examples of the disclosure, and therefore are not considered as limiting in scope. In the drawings, like numbering represents like elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The subject matter described herein relates generally to modular orthopedic augments with cement fixation features formed over an inner surface thereof to aid in applying cement for securing a prosthetic component to such an orthopedic augment.

[0051] As will be described herein, various examples of an orthopedic augment arranged and configured to be used in combination with an orthopedic implant or prosthesis will be disclosed (please note that the terms “implant,” “prosthesis,” and the like can be and are used interchangeably herein without the intent to limit or distinguish). For example, in use, the orthopedic augment may be used in combination with a tibial or femoral component. For example, the orthopedic augment may be used to surround or receive an intramedullary stem portion of the tibial or femoral component, although this is but one possible configuration and the orthopedic augments disclosed herein may be used in connection with other types of prosthesis.

[0052] As provided herein, the orthopedic augment may be used in the form of a cone or a sleeve, thereby providing surgeons with increased flexibility during the surgical procedure. For example, the orthopedic augment may include cement fixation features arranged and configured to receive bone cement to enable improved cement fixation between the augment and the prosthesis: as such, the orthopedic augment may be utilized as a cone. In addition, the orthopedic augment may include mechanical fixation features arranged and configured to mechanically engage with / to the prosthesis. For example, the orthopedic augment may include mating tapered surfaces, mating threads, faceted threads, double-tapers, or the like; as such, the orthopedic augment may be utilized as a sleeve.

[0053] FIGS. 1-16 show features of various examples of orthopedic augments, which are generally designated 100-108 in these figures.

[0054] FIGS. 1 and 2 show features of a first example of an orthopedic augment, generally designated 100, according to the subject matter disclosed herein. In this example,the orthopedic augment 100 has a body 10 that has a generally conical outer profile and, more specifically, has a frustoconical shape, in which one longitudinal end of the body 10 has a diameter that is greater than the other longitudinal end of the body 10, with the outer wall of the body 10 having a generally tapered (e.g., linearly decreasing or increasing) shape between the opposing longitudinal ends of the body 10 of the orthopedic augment 100. In some examples, as shown in FIG. 8, the orthopedic augment 103 has a cylindrical shape. These opposing longitudinal ends are separated from each other in a direction defined by the longitudinal axis of the orthopedic augment 100. Thus, the outer wall(s) of the body 10 are inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the orthopedic augment 100 along the length thereof and, preferably, along the entire length of the orthopedic augment 100

[0055] The first example of the orthopedic augment 100 includes, formed internal to the body 10 of the orthopedic augment 100, a taper junction or other suitable generally longitudinally-extending cavity 2 (e.g., a bore). This taper junction extends through the entire thickness or length (e.g., in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the orthopedic augment 100) of the body 10 of the orthopedic augment 100. While the cavity 2 may be radially offset relative to the body 10 of the orthopedic augment 100 in some examples (see, e.g., orthopedic augment 107, FIGS. 14 and 15), in the first example of the orthopedic augment 100, the cavity 2 is concentrically formed within the body 10 of the orthopedic augment 100.

[0056] In the orthopedic augment 100, the cavity 2 has a shape that is generally tapered(e.g., having a diameter that increases or decreases, linearly or nonlinearly, from onelongitudinal end to the other longitudinal end), with the cement fixation features 1 provided in and spaced circumferentially about the inner surface of the cavity 2. The cavity 2 has a generally annular (e.g., circular, or ring-shaped) cross-sectional shape, excluding the cement fixation features 1 and when along the longitudinal axis of the orthopedic augment 100. The cavity 2 may have a constant or variable cross-sectional shape, the first example being shown with a cavity that has a tapered internal surface, in which the cross-sectional diameter decreases from the first (e.g., wider) end to the second (e.g., narrower) end. Thus, the cavity 2 is in the form of a tapered junction in the first example of the orthopedic augment 100. The cavity 2 has a generally tapered shape, having a diameter that increases (e.g., at a uniform rate or slope) from one longitudinal end of the cavity 2 to the opposite longitudinal end of the cavity 2. In some examples of the orthopedic augments 100-108, however, the cavity 2 may have a non-tapered or irregular shape, based on the geometry (e.g., shape and size) of the prosthetic component to be inserted and secured within the cavity 2 of the orthopedic augment 100.

[0057] The cavity 2 of the orthopedic augment 100 has, formed on the internal surface of the cavity 2, one or more (e.g., a plurality of) cement fixation features 2. As illustrated, the internal surface of the cavity 2 comprises, formed therein or thereon, a plurality of such cement fixation features 2. These cement fixation features 2 are, in the nonlimiting example shown in FIG. 1, cavities or grooves with a generally rounded or arcuate cross-sectional shape and that extend in the longitudinal direction. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the cement fixation features 2 extend longitudinally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the orthopedic augment 100, with the cross-sectional shape defined herein in the planeperpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the orthopedic augment 100. In some examples of the orthopedic augments 100-108 disclosed herein, however, the cement fixation features 1 can extend longitudinally in a direction that is not parallel to (e.g., inclined at a non-zero angle relative to) the longitudinal axis, such that, for example, the cement fixation features 1 could have a curved, rotating, or helical shape. The cement fixation features 1 are continuous between the opposing longitudinal ends of the orthopedic augment 100. In some examples, however, the cement fixation features 1 can extend over only a portion (or over multiple portions) of the length of the cavity 2. Thus, any of the cement fixation features 1 described herein can be provided in segmented or discontinuous patterns along the length of the cavity 2.

[0058] The cement fixation features 1 disclosed herein can be implemented without limitation in other orthopedic augments, examples of which are shown in FIGS. 3-16. Similarly, the cement fixation features (e g., 3-5) shown and described in relation to the other examples of the orthopedic augments 101-108 can be implemented without limitation in the conically-shaped orthopedic augment 100. It is further disclosed herein to provide an orthopedic augment, whether having a conical construction, or any other suitable construction that has, as the case may be, formed on the internal surface of a sleeve formed therein and / or therethrough, a plurality of differently-shaped cement fixation features. Stated somewhat differently, an orthopedic augment 100-108 can have any of the cement fixation features 3-5 disclosed herein in any combination; even cement fixation features 3- 5 of the same type may have, for example, a different size or shape from other cement fixation features 3-5 in the same orthopedic augment.

[0059] FIGS. 3 and 4 show features of a second example of an orthopedic augment, generally designated 101, according to the subject matter disclosed herein. In this example, the orthopedic augment 101 is capable of being used in the form of a cone or a sleeve and has a body 10 with an outer profile that is tapered, meaning has a cross-sectional diameter that decreases as a function of length from a first (e.g., wider) end to a second (e.g., narrower) end. This tapered outer profile of the body 10 means that the first longitudinal end of the body 10 has a diameter that is greater than the second longitudinal end of the body 10. The orthopedic augment 101 includes, formed internal to the body 10 of the orthopedic augment 101, a cavity 2 (e.g., in the form of a bore extending partially or entirely through the body 10 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the orthopedic augment 101) or other suitable generally longitudinally-extending cavity 2. This cavity 2 extends through the entire thickness or length of the orthopedic augment 101 in the direction of the longitudinal axis thereof. While the cavity 2 may be radially offset relative to the body of the orthopedic augment in some examples (see, e.g., FIGS. 14 and 15), in the orthopedic augment 101, the cavity 2 is concentrically formed within the body 10 of the orthopedic augment 101. According to this second example, the cavity 2 has an internal surface that is tapered, forming a tapered junction. The tapering shape of the outer surface of the body 10 of the orthopedic augment is substantially similar to the tapering shape of the internal surface that defines the cavity 2, such that the orthopedic augment 101 has a substantially continuous (e.g., fixed, or unchanging) wall thickness along the length thereof. In some examples of the orthopedic augments 100-108, it is advantageous to form chamfered, angled, or rounded features (e.g., surfaces, edges, joints, and the like) that maybe formed around the outer circumferential surface at one or both of the opposing longitudinal ends of the orthopedic augment 100-108 and / or at any suitable point along the length thereof.

[0060] In the orthopedic augment 101, the body 10 comprises a radially outer portion 20, which is formed of (e.g., comprises or consists of) a porous material configured to encourage and promote enhanced bone ingrowth for integrating the orthopedic augment into the bone of the patient at the implantation site. The body 10 also comprises a radially inner portion 30, which is formed of a nonporous material (e.g., a material having a porosity much less than the porous material, from which the radially outer portion 20 is formed) for added strength, since this radially inner portion 30 will have no, or at least far more limited, contact with the bone of the patient at the implantation site than will the radially outer portion 20.

[0061] As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the cement fixation features 3 of the orthopedic augment 3 are discrete pocket-like recesses that are formed in or on the internal walls of the cavity 2, extending internally into the body 10 of the orthopedic augment 101. The cement fixation features 3 are dispersed circumferentially around the internal surface of the cavity 2, so that adj cent cement fixation features 3 are separated from each other and no cement fixation feature 3 touches (e.g., directly) any other cement fixation features 3. Stated somewhat differently, the cement fixation features 3 are provided in an interrupted, noncontinuous manner within the cavity 2. The cement fixation features 3 are all aligned with each other in a plane that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the orthopedic augment 101.

[0062] The cement fixation features 3 have a tapered shape, in which the depth of the cement fixation feature 3 is variable in the direction of the longitudinal axis. In the example shown, the orthopedic augment 101 includes eight (8) cement fixation features, although any suitable quantity of such cement fixation features 3 may be provided. In some examples, the cement fixation features 3 can be longitudinally staggered relative to each other, provided as multiple rows, provided in an irregular, non-repeating arrangement, and the like, without limitation. As shown, the cement fixation features 3 have an asymmetrical shape (e.g., are rounded on a first end and tapered to an almost point-like shape at the second end, which has a much smaller radius than at the first end) and depth profiles (see, e.g., cement fixation features 3 shown in FIG. 4, through which the cut-plane passes). However, the cement fixation features 3 can have any suitable shape and depth profile.

[0063] The cement fixation features 3 disclosed herein, even though they are shown and described herein relative to the orthopedic augment 101 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, can be implemented without limitation in the an orthopedic augment that has a conical, frustoconical, stepped, or any other suitable or desired structure. The cement fixation features 3 of the second example can be combined with the cement fixation features 3 of the first example (see FIGS. 1 and 2) and / or the third example (see FIGS. 5 and 6) without limitation.

[0064] FIGS. 5 and 6 show features of a third example of an orthopedic augment, generally designated 102, according to the subject matter disclosed herein. In this example, the orthopedic augment 102 is capable of being used in the form of a cone or a sleeve and has a body 10 that has an outer surface that has tapered profile or shape, meaning it has across-sectional diameter that decreases as a function of length from a first (e.g., wider) end to a second (e.g., narrower) end. This tapered outer surface of the body 10 means that the first longitudinal end has a diameter that is greater than the second longitudinal end. The orthopedic augment 102 includes, formed internal to the body 10 of the augment, a cavity 2 (e.g., a bore) or other suitable generally longitudinally-extending cavity. This cavity 2 extends through the entire thickness or length of the orthopedic augment 102 in the longitudinal direction. Optionally, the cavity 2 can extend through only a portion of the length of the orthopedic augment 102. While the cavity 2 may be radially offset relative to the body 10 of the orthopedic augment 102 in some examples, in this example the cavity 2 is concentrically formed within the body 10 of the orthopedic augment 102.

[0065] In the orthopedic augment 102, the body 10 comprises a radially outer portion 20, which is formed of (e.g., comprises or consists of) a porous material configured to encourage and promote enhanced bone ingrowth for integrating the orthopedic augment into the bone of the patient at the implantation site. The body 10 also comprises a radially inner portion 30, which is formed of a nonporous material (e.g., a material having a porosity much less than the porous material, from which the radially outer portion 20 is formed) for added strength, since this radially inner portion 30 will have no, or at least far more limited, contact with the bone of the patient at the implantation site than will the radially outer portion 20.

[0066] In the orthopedic augment 102, the cavity 2 has an internal surface that is tapered, forming a tapered junction. The tapered shape or profile of the outer surface of the body 10 of the orthopedic augment 102 is substantially similar to the tapered shape of theinternal surface of the body 10 that defines the cavity 2, such that, excluding the cement fixation features 4, the body 10 of the orthopedic augment 102 has a substantially continuous (e.g., fixed, or unchanging) wall thickness along the entire length thereof. The preceding description also does not consider the chamfered, angled, or rounded features that may be formed around the outer circumferential surface of the body 10 at both of the opposing longitudinal ends of the orthopedic augment 102.

[0067] As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the cement fixation features 4 of the orthopedic augment 102 are in the form of recessed rings or grooves that extend (e.g., continuously) in the circumferential direction over the internal surface of the cavity 2. These recessed grooves are formed in a continuous, unending manner and can have any suitable cross- sectional profile. As shown in FIG. 6, the recessed grooves have a generally U-shaped or C-shaped cross-sectional profile. The orthopedic augment 102 includes two cement fixation features 4 formed in the internal surface that defines the cavity 2; however, it is possible for the orthopedic augment 102 to have fewer (e.g., one) or more (e.g., three or more) of the cement fixation features 4 formed within the cavity 2 thereof. The cement fixation features 4 can be positioned adjacent to each other, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, or spaced apart from each other (e.g., by at least 25% of the length of the orthopedic augment 102). Any suitable quantity, geometry, and relative positioning of the cement fixation features 4 is contemplated herein.

[0068] The cement fixation features 4 disclosed herein, even though they are shown and described herein only relative to the orthopedic augment 102, can be implemented without limitation in the orthopedic augment 100. The cement fixation features 4 of theorthopedic augment 102 can be combined with the cement fixation features 1 of the orthopedic augment 100 and / or the orthopedic augment 101 without limitation.

[0069] All of the cement fixation features 1, 3-5 disclosed herein are configured to receive therein at least a portion of an orthopedic cement applied between an orthopedic prosthesis and the orthopedic augment 100-108, such that, when the orthopedic cement hardens, separation of the orthopedic prosthesis from the orthopedic augment 100-108 is resisted by the hardened orthopedic cement, especially the portion of the hardened orthopedic cement that is contained within the cement fixation features 1, 3-5. Furthermore, the cement fixation features 1, 3-5 disclosed herein are also advantageous because the surface area within the cavity 2, with which the orthopedic cement is in contact, is effectively increased by the provision of such cement fixation features 1, 3-5.

[0070] For example, an orthopedic augment having a conically- or frustoconically- shaped body with an internal cavity, in which one or more of the cement fixation features 1, 3-5 disclosed herein is within the scope of the presently disclosed subject matter. For example, such an orthopedic augment could have one or more of the cement fixation features 1 and one or more of the cement fixation features 3. For example, such an orthopedic augment could have one or more of the cement fixation features 1 and one or more of the cement fixation features 4. For example, such an orthopedic augment could have one or more of the cement fixation features 3 and one or more of the cement fixation features 4. For example, such an orthopedic augment could have one or more of the cement fixation features 1, one or more of the cement fixation features 3, and one or more of thecement fixation features 4. Any of the above combinations of cement fixation features 1, 3, 4, can have the cement fixation features 5, shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, provided as well.

[0071] For example, an orthopedic augment capable of being used in the form of a cone or a sleeve with an internal taper, in which one or more of the cement fixation features 1, 3-5 is also within the scope of the presently disclosed subject matter. For example, such an orthopedic augment could have one or more of the cement fixation features 1 and one or more of the cement fixation features 3. For example, such an orthopedic augment could have one or more of the cement fixation features 1 and one or more of the cement fixation features 4. For example, such an orthopedic augment could have one or more of the cement fixation features 3 and one or more of the cement fixation features 4. For example, such an orthopedic augment could have one or more of the cement fixation features 1, one or more of the cement fixation features 3, and one or more of the cement fixation features 4. Any of the above combinations of cement fixation features 1, 3, 4, can have the cement fixation features 5, shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, provided as well.

[0072] It is particularly advantageous to combine the features of the internal surface that has a tapered junction between the orthopedic prosthesis and the orthopedic augment with any of the cement fixation features 1, 3-5 formed over this internal surface of the orthopedic augment that forms part of the tapered junction. In this way, the surgeon can elect to fix the orthopedic prosthesis to the orthopedic augment using the shape of the tapered junction, the cement fixation features 1, 3-5, or both the shape of the tapered junction and the cement fixation features 1, 3-5. The tapered junction and the cement fixation features 1, 3-5 are provided to, in particular, provide anti-rotation functionality for(e g., by resisting rotational movement between) the orthopedic prosthesis and the orthopedic augment. The combination of the tapered junction and the cement fixation features 1, 3-5 provides improved anti-rotation capabilities over the use of either the tapered junction or the cement fixation features 1, 3-5 alone. Thus, using any of the example orthopedic augments 100-108 disclosed herein, it is possible to provide enhanced rotational interlocking of the orthopedic prosthesis and such orthopedic augment 100-108 than is possible using any presently known orthopedic augments.

[0073] The orthopedic augments 100-108 disclosed herein are advantageously formed such that a radially outer portion 20 thereof is formed using a porous material configured to encourage and promote enhanced bone ingrowth for integrating the orthopedic augment into the bone of the patient at the implantation site. The radially inner portion 20 of the orthopedic augment is formed of a nonporous material for added strength, since this portion will have no, or at least far more limited, contact with the bone of the patient at the implantation site.

[0074] FIG. 7 shows various features of an example orthopedic assembly, generally designated 400, in which a first orthopedic augment 101, 102 is connected to a dual tapered stem 200 and a second orthopedic augment 101, 102 is connected to a revision femoral boss 300. The first and second orthopedic augments 101, 102 are capable of being used in the form of a cone or a sleeve, such as is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The connection of the respective orthopedic augments to the orthopedic prostheses (e.g., the dual tapered stem 200 and the revision femoral boss 300) can be accomplished using a tapered junction and / or cement fixation technique.

[0075] The orthopedic augments 100-108 disclosed herein can be of any suitable size and shape, based on the anatomy of the patient and the shape of the intramedullary canal or cavity into which such orthopedic augment 100-108 is designated for implantation. In some examples, the orthopedic augments 100-108 disclosed herein can be made using an additive manufacturing technique, which is commonly referred to as “3D printing.” The use of additive manufacturing would allow increased customization of the orthopedic augment 100-108 to the particular physiology and / or anatomy of a particular patient, for example, based on an observed level or degree of deterioration of bone structure at the implantation site and / or the shape of the intramedullary canal at the implantation site. The provision of orthopedic augments 100-108 with a tapered junction and any, some, or all of the cement fixation features 1, 3-5 disclosed herein will allow for future designs to accommodate such patient-specific clinical indications. Thus, the orthopedic augments 100-108 disclosed herein provide improved limb salvage fixation and longevity, along with better clinical outcomes, as compared to presently known orthopedic augments.

[0076] As used herein, the term “sleeve” refers to an orthopedic augment that is mechanically fixated. Non-limiting examples of mechanical fixation can include taper, press-fit, or threaded fixation mechanisms.

[0077] The orthopedic augments disclosed herein can have any suitable outer shape. Unless described otherwise herein, structures of the orthopedic augments 103-108 that are the same as or similar to like structures of the orthopedic augments 100-102 are the same or substantially similar.

[0078] FIG. 8 shows an example orthopedic augment 103 that has an outer shape that is cylindrical.

[0079] FIGS. 9 and 10 show an example orthopedic augment 104 with a body 10 that has an outer portion 20 with a stepped outer diameter, each of the steps being formed by a segment 40 that has a different (e.g., larger or smaller) diameter than an immediately adjacent segment 40. The body 10 has, internal to the outer portion 20, an inner portion 30. The inner portion 30 comprises, formed longitudinally therethrough (e.g., partially or entirely) a cavity 2 with cement fixation features 4 provided on the inner surface of the cavity 2. An transition 42 is provided between each of the segments 40 and the outer diameter of each segment 40 is defined by a corner 44.

[0080] FIG. 11 shows an example orthopedic augment 105 that has a body 10, with an outer portion 20 in the form of a blended-stepped outer diameter, in which the transitions 42 between segments and the corners 44 of each segment 40 are curved (e.g., have a nonzero radius). The construction and structures of the orthopedic augment 105 are otherwise identical to the construction and structures of the orthopedic augment 104.

[0081] FIGS. 12 and 13 show an example orthopedic augment 106 that has a body 10 with an outer portion 20 in the form of a blended-stepped outer profile with flat surfaces 50 formed over a portion of the outer surface thereof. Thus, flat surfaces 50 can extend continuously between directly adjacent segments 40 and can be planar surfaces.

[0082] FIGS. 14 and 15 show an example orthopedic augment 107 that has an offset construction, in which the central longitudinal axis of the inner portion 30 of the body 10is not coaxial with (e.g., is offset from) the central longitudinal axis of the outer portion 20 of the body 10.

[0083] FIG. 16 shows an example orthopedic augment 108 that has a body 10 that is generally similar to the body 10 in the orthopedic augment 101, 102. In this example, the inner portion 30 comprises a region of increased thickness that is longitudinally spaced apart from both of the opposing longitudinal ends thereof. Thus, since the outer portion 20 has an outer surface that has a tapered shape or profile, the thickness of the walls of the outer portion 20 and also of the inner portion 30 is not continuous (i.e., the thickness changes) along the length of the body 10. The orthopedic augment 108 has cement fixation features 5 that are in the form of recessed pockets that are provided in an arrangement so as to be spaced circumferentially about the inner surface of the inner portion 30. The recessed pockets are separated from each other by a respective wall 6.

[0084] The orthopedic augments 100-108 disclosed herein can be manufactured using any known manufacturing process, for example and without limitation, additive manufacturing or 3D printing. An advantage associated with the use of additive manufacturing is controlling the thickness of the outer wall of the body 10 of the orthopedic augment 100-108.

[0085] As used herein, an orthopedic augment in the form of a “cone” uses cement fixation, whereas an orthopedic augment in the form of a “sleeve” uses mechanical fixation. The orthopedic augments 100-108 disclosed herein can be surgically implanted within a subject using cement fixation or mechanical fixation.

[0086] While the present disclosure refers to certain examples, numerous modifications, alterations, and changes to the described examples are possible without departing from the sphere and scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, it is intended that the present disclosure not be limited to the described examples, but that it has the full scope defined by the language of the specification, and equivalents thereof, as would be understood by persons having ordinary skill in the art. The discussion of any example is meant only to be explanatory and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples. In other words, while illustrative examples of the disclosure have been described in detail herein, it is to be understood that the inventive concepts may be otherwise variously embodied and employed, and that the descriptions of such examples herein are intended to be construed to include such variations, except as limited by the prior art.

[0087] The foregoing discussion has been presented for purposes of illustration and description and is not intended to limit the disclosure to the form or forms disclosed herein. For example, various features of the disclosure are grouped together in one or more examples or configurations for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. However, it should be understood that various features of the certain examples or configurations of the disclosure may be combined in alternate examples, or configurations. Any example or feature of any section, portion, or any other component shown or particularly described in relation to various examples of similar sections, portions, or components herein may be interchangeably applied to any other similar example or feature shown or described herein. Additionally, components with the same name may be the same or different, and one ofordinary skill in the art would understand each component could be modified in a similar fashion or substituted to perform the same function.

[0088] As used herein, an element or step recited in the singular and proceeded with the word “a” or “an” should be understood as not excluding plural elements or steps, unless such exclusion is explicitly recited. Furthermore, references to “one example” of the present disclosure are not intended to be interpreted as excluding the existence of additional examples that also incorporate the recited features.

[0089] The phrases “at least one,” “one or more,” and “and / or,” as used herein, are open-ended expressions that are both conjunctive and disjunctive in operation. The terms “a” (or “an”), “one or more” and “at least one” can be used interchangeably herein. The phrases “at least one” and “one or more” include the singular (i.e., only one) and the plural (i.e., more than one, or a plurality). All directional references (e.g., proximal, distal, upper, lower, upward, downward, left, right, lateral, longitudinal, front, back, top, bottom, above, below, vertical, horizontal, radial, axial, clockwise, and counterclockwise) are only used for identification purposes to aid the reader’s understanding of the present disclosure, and do not create limitations, particularly as to the position, orientation, or use of this disclosure. Connection references (e.g., engaged, attached, coupled, connected, and joined) are to be construed broadly and may include intermediate members between a collection of elements and relative to movement between elements unless otherwise indicated. As such, connection references do not necessarily infer that two elements are directly connected and in fixed relation to each other. All rotational references describe relative movement between the various elements. Identification references (e.g., primary,secondary, first, second, third, fourth, etc.) are not intended to connote importance or priority but are used to distinguish one feature from another. The drawings are for purposes of illustration only and the dimensions, positions, order and relative to sizes reflected in the drawings attached hereto may vary.

Claims

CLAIMSWe claim:

1. An orthopedic augment for use in securing an orthopedic prosthesis at an implantation site, the orthopedic augment comprising: a body that defines an outer surface of the orthopedic augment; a cavity formed within and through the body to define an internal surface, wherein the cavity is configured to receive a portion of the orthopedic prosthesis therein; and one or more cement fixation features provided over the internal surface and configured to receive therein an orthopedic cement to aid in securing the orthopedic prosthesis within the orthopedic augment to resist separation of the orthopedic prosthesis from the orthopedic augment.

2. The orthopedic augment of claim 1, wherein the internal surface is tapered, such that an inner diameter at a first longitudinal end of the orthopedic augment that is greater than an inner diameter of the internal surface at a second longitudinal end of the orthopedic augment.

3. The orthopedic augment of claim 1, wherein the outer surface is tapered, such that an outer diameter at the first longitudinal end of the orthopedic augment that is greater than an outer diameter of the internal surface at the second longitudinal end of the orthopedic augment.

4. The orthopedic augment of any of claims 1-3, wherein the body is in a form of a sleeve.

5. The orthopedic augment of claim 4, wherein the sleeve has a uniform wall thickness, defined between the internal surface and the outer surface, over substantially an entire length of the orthopedic augment.

6. The orthopedic augment of any of claims 1-3, wherein the outer surface is conically shaped or frustoconically shaped.

7. The orthopedic augment of any of claims 1-6, wherein at least one of the one or more cement fixation features is a longitudinally extending groove that is formed in the internal surface.

8. The orthopedic augment of any of claims 1-6, wherein the one or more cement fixation features is a plurality of cement fixation features, the plurality of cement fixation features comprising a plurality of longitudinally extending grooves that are formed in the internal surface.

9. The orthopedic augment of claim 8, wherein the plurality of grooves are spaced circumferentially apart from each other around the internal surface.

10. The orthopedic augment of any of claims 7-9, wherein each groove is formed over only a portion of a length of the internal surface.

11. The orthopedic augment of any of claims 7-9, wherein each groove is formed over an entirety of a length of the internal surface.

12. The orthopedic augment of any of claims 7-11, wherein each groove only extends parallel to a longitudinal axis of the orthopedic augment.

13. The orthopedic augment of any of claims 1-6, wherein at least one of the one or more cement fixation features is a pocket recess that is formed in the internal surface.

14. The orthopedic augment of any of claims 1-6, wherein the one or more cement fixation features is a plurality of cement fixation features, the plurality of cement fixation features comprising a plurality of pocket recesses that are formed in the internal surface.

15. The orthopedic augment of claim 14, wherein the plurality of pocket recesses are noncontinuous, or interrupted, being spaced apart and separated from each other on the internal surface.

16. The orthopedic augment of claim 14 or 15, wherein the plurality of pocket recesses are coplanar with each other, formed at a same position relative to a longitudinal axis of the orthopedic augment.

17. The orthopedic augment of claims 14 or 15, wherein the plurality of pocket recesses are not coplanar with each other.

18. The orthopedic augment of any of claims 1-6, wherein at least one of the one or more cement fixation features is an annular recess that is circumferentially continuous or unending and is formed in the internal surface.

19. The orthopedic augment of any of claims 1-6, wherein the one or more cement fixation features is a plurality of annular recesses that are circumferentially continuous or unending and are formed in the internal surface.

20. The orthopedic augment of claim 19, wherein the plurality of annular recesses are spaced apart from each other along a longitudinal axis of the orthopedic augment.

21. The orthopedic augment of any of claims 1-6, wherein the one or more cement fixation features comprises at least two of: one or more longitudinally extending grooves that are formed in the internal surface; one or more pocket recesses that are formed in the internal surface; and one or more annular recesses that are circumferentially continuous or unending and are formed in the internal surface.

22. The orthopedic augment of any of claims 1-6, wherein the one or more cement fixation features comprises: one or more longitudinally extending grooves that are formed in the internal surface; one or more pocket recesses that are formed in the internal surface; and one or more annular recesses that are circumferentially continuous or unending and are formed in the internal surface.

23. An orthopedic assembly comprising: an orthopedic prosthesis; and the orthopedic augment of any of claims 1-22; wherein the orthopedic augment is configured for attachment to the orthopedic prosthesis using a tapered junction formed by the tapered internal surface of the sleeve or by applying an orthopedic cement to bond the orthopedic prosthesis to the orthopedic augment, the orthopedic cement being applied to cure within the sleeve, between the internal surface of the orthopedic augment and a portion of the orthopedic prosthesis positioned therein and also infiltrating the one or more cement fixation features; and wherein the attachment of the orthopedic augment to the orthopedic prosthesis rotationally locks the orthopedic augment and the orthopedic prosthesis together to resist relative rotation therebetween.

24. An orthopedic augment for use in securing an orthopedic prosthesis at an implantation site, the orthopedic augment comprising: a body that defines an outer surface of the orthopedic augment; a threaded junction formed within and through the body to define an internal surface, wherein the sleeve is configured to receive a portion of the orthopedic prosthesis therein; and one or more cement fixation features provided over the internal surface and configured to receive therein an orthopedic cement to aid in securing the orthopedic prosthesis within the orthopedic augment to resist separation of the orthopedic prosthesis from the orthopedic augment.

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