Fuel cell stack module and vehicle

Abstract

The present application discloses a fuel cell stack module and a vehicle. Battery cells of the fuel cell stack module and a body of a gas inlet end plate assembly are respectively provided with at least six fluid communication openings. A body of an electrode plate of each battery cell is further provided with at least two active areas, the fluid communication openings surround the peripheries of the at least two active areas, at least one fluid communication opening in the battery cell for allowing a reaction medium to flow is communicated with the at least two active areas, thereby reducing the number of fluid communication openings. The electrode plate of each battery cell uses a multi-active-area structural design to increase the active area. Moreover, the fluid communication openings can utilize the space on each side edge of the body to increase the total area of the fluid communication openings. The middle of each of the gas inlet end plate assembly, a stack core, and a blind end plate assembly is provided with fastening holes for allowing fasteners to pass through, so that the problem of uneven pressing force in the middle part of each active area during stacking of a cell stack can be solved, thereby implementing ultra-high-power fuel cells using a single-stack solution.

Description

Fuel cell stack modules and vehicles Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202410697002.4, filed on May 31, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application belongs to the field of fuel cell technology, specifically relating to a fuel cell stack module and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] A fuel cell stack consists of multiple single cells connected in series, with components such as current collectors, insulation plates, air inlet plates, and blind end plates distributed at both ends. It needs to be stacked by applying a certain amount of fastening force through encapsulation components such as tie rods, steel strips, and screws.

[0004] With the accelerated industrialization of fuel cells, the trend towards ultra-high power is evident. Existing technologies mainly employ two approaches to improve the output power of fuel cell stacks: Approach one involves designing multiple stacks in series and parallel, using a series current connection and a parallel gas-liquid connection; Approach two increases the number of individual cells by improving the active area and output performance of each cell, thereby enhancing the output power and power density of a single fuel cell stack.

[0005] The second technical route presents a greater technical challenge, as an excessively large active area makes it difficult to meet the requirements for uniformity in gas and flow distribution in the distribution zone. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To realize ultra-high power single-stack fuel cell solutions, this application provides a fuel cell stack module and a vehicle.

[0007] In a first aspect of this application, a fuel cell stack module is provided, comprising an inlet endplate assembly, a core, and a blind endplate assembly stacked sequentially, and a fastening assembly for providing fastening force. The core includes a plurality of battery cells stacked sequentially. Each battery cell and the inlet endplate assembly has at least six fluid ports, and each electrode plate of the battery cell also has at least two active regions. The fluid ports surround the periphery of the at least two active regions, and at least one fluid port for supplying reaction medium is connected to both of the at least two active regions. Each inlet endplate assembly, the core, and the blind endplate assembly has one or more fastening holes in its middle, and at least one fastening hole is located between two adjacent active regions. One or more fasteners of the fastening assembly are disposed through the one or more fastening holes.

[0008] In some optimized technical solutions, each of the fastening holes is located between two adjacent active areas and / or between two adjacent fluid ports.

[0009] In some optimized technical solutions, the fluid inlets are arranged around the outer periphery of each of the active areas; at least two active areas are sequentially distributed and spaced apart along the first side direction of the body, and the fastening holes are distributed between two adjacent active areas and located between two adjacent fluid inlets.

[0010] In some optimized technical solutions, the number of fluid ports is nine or more, including at least three fuel medium ports, at least three oxidation medium ports, and at least three cooling medium ports.

[0011] In some optimized technical solutions, the fuel medium port and the oxidation medium port are alternately distributed along the two first sides of the body, the fuel medium ports located on different sides are staggered, and the oxidation medium ports located on different sides are staggered; the cooling medium port and the active area are alternately distributed along the first side direction of the body and are located between the two first sides.

[0012] In some optimized technical solutions, the body is further provided with a distribution area, which is located between the fuel medium port and the active area, or between the oxidation medium port and the active area;

[0013] Both the fuel medium port and the oxidation medium port have a distribution slope, and the distribution area is located between the distribution slope and the active area.

[0014] In some optimized technical solutions, the battery cell includes a bipolar plate and a membrane electrode, and the anode plate and cathode plate of the bipolar plate both adopt the structure of the main body; the flow channel of the active region is a wavy line flow channel, the wavy line flow channel of the anode plate and the wavy line flow channel of the cathode plate have an overlapping area, the overlapping area is a parallel flow channel, and the parallel flow channel of the anode plate is welded to the parallel flow channel of the cathode plate.

[0015] In some optimized technical solutions, the number n of fluid ports is , where m is the number of active regions.

[0016] In some optimized technical solutions, the battery cell includes a bipolar plate and a membrane electrode. The anode plate and cathode plate of the bipolar plate both adopt the structure of the main body, and both the anode plate and cathode plate of the bipolar plate have an axisymmetric structure. The air intake structure of both the anode plate and cathode plate of the bipolar plate is a straight-through structure.

[0017] In some optimized technical solutions, the battery cell is a single cell, including an anode plate, a membrane electrode and a cathode plate stacked in sequence, and the anode plate and the cathode plate adopt the structure of the main body; the membrane electrode is provided with at least six fluid ports and at least one fastening hole, and the fluid ports and fastening holes on the membrane electrode are exactly the same as the fluid ports and fastening holes of the main body.

[0018] In some optimized technical solutions, the battery cell includes a membrane electrode, and the connection between the anode frame and the CCM of the membrane electrode has a non-overlapping area with the connection between the cathode frame and the CCM.

[0019] In some optimized technical solutions, the battery cell includes a membrane electrode, the thickness of which is 250~400μm; the individual active area is... The proton exchange membrane of the membrane electrode has a thickness of [missing information]. The composite membrane; the anode catalyst layer of the membrane electrode is made of Pt / C or PtIr / C; the cathode catalyst layer of the membrane electrode is made of Pt / C, PtCo / C or PtCoMn / C; the gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode is made of carbon paper or carbon cloth.

[0020] In some optimized technical solutions, the flow channel of the active zone is a wavy line flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the wavy line flow channel tends to decrease or increase at the corners.

[0021] In some optimized technical solutions, the fastening assembly includes multiple fasteners; each fastener is a screw, and the outer periphery of the air intake end plate assembly and the blind end plate assembly are provided with several through holes, the screws located at the edge are inserted through the through holes, and one or more screws located in the middle are inserted through the one or more fastening holes;

[0022] Alternatively, the fastener located at the edge is a pull rod connected to the outer side of the intake end plate assembly and the blind end plate assembly, and the fastener located in the middle is a screw, with one or more screws passing through one or more fastening holes.

[0023] In a second aspect of this application, a vehicle is provided, including the fuel cell stack module described in the first aspect above.

[0024] The fuel cell stack module provided according to one or more embodiments of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The fuel cell stack module has at least six fluid inlets on its battery cells and air inlet endplate assembly. The battery cell plates also have at least two active regions, with the fluid inlets surrounding these active regions. In other words, the battery cell plates employ a multi-active-region design, increasing the active area. Furthermore, the fluid inlets' placement around the active regions utilizes space on all sides of the module, maximizing the total area of ​​the fluid inlets. This allows for ultra-high power output (over 300kW) and high power density from a single stack module, resolving the conflict between increasing the active area of ​​a single cell and improving output performance.

[0026] 2. At least one fluid port of the battery cell for the flow of the reaction medium is connected to at least two active regions. This means that the multiple active regions of the battery cell do not work independently, but functionally belong to a whole active region. Because the fluid port is connected to multiple active regions, the total number of fluid ports of the entire fuel cell stack module is less than that of the multi-stack integration scheme (Technical Route 1), which can solve the current technical problem of a large number of stack manifolds and test adapters.

[0027] 3. Fastening holes for fasteners to pass through are provided in the middle of the air intake end plate assembly, core, and blind end plate assembly. Providing fastening holes in the middle of the stack allows for the solution of uneven pressing force in the middle part of the active area during stack assembly, ensuring uniform pressing force even in multi-active-area structures. At least one fastening hole is located between two adjacent active areas, utilizing the larger blank area between them without increasing the overall area. Furthermore, the proximity of the fastening hole to the active area improves the sealing effect, enabling ultra-high power output and high power density in a single stack module, thus resolving the contradiction between increasing the number of single cells and the stability and consistency of the stack structure. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 shows an exploded structural diagram of a fuel cell stack module in one or more embodiments of this application.

[0030] Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a fuel cell stack module in one or more embodiments of this application.

[0031] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the air inlet end plate of a fuel cell stack module in one or more embodiments of this application.

[0032] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the electrode plate structure of a fuel cell stack module in one or more embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode plates of the fuel cell stack module in one or more embodiments of this application.

[0034] Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode plates of the fuel cell stack module in one or more embodiments of this application.

[0035] Figure 7 shows an enlarged view of the flow channel structure of the active region of the electrode in Figure 5 at point A.

[0036] Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the bipolar plate of a fuel cell stack module in one or more embodiments of this application.

[0037] Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell of a fuel cell stack module in one or more embodiments of this application.

[0038] Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the flow channel structure of the active region of the battery cell of the fuel cell stack module in one or more embodiments of this application.

[0039] Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of the membrane electrode structure of a fuel cell stack module in one or more embodiments of this application.

[0040] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional bipolar plate in the prior art.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Body of the electrode plate; 10-Fluid inlet; 10a-Beveled edge; 11-Oxidizing medium outlet; 12-Oxidizing medium inlet; 13-Fuel medium outlet; 14-Fuel medium inlet; 15-Cooling medium inlet; 16-Cooling medium outlet; 20-Active zone; 21-Flow channel; 22-Overlapping area; 30-Fastening hole; 40-Distribution zone; 50-Through hole;

[0042] 100 - Bipolar plate; 110 - Cathode plate; 120 - Anode plate; 200 - Single cell; 210 - Membrane electrode assembly; 211 - CCM; 212 - Anode frame; 213 - Cathode frame; 1000 - Fuel cell stack module; 300 - Fastening assembly; 310 - Fastener located in the middle; 320 - Fastener located at the edge; 301 - Screw; 302 - Tie rod; 400 - Insulating sleeve; 500 - Nut; 600 - Inlet end plate assembly; 610 - Inlet end plate; 611 - Inlet end plate body; 620 - Inlet end insulating plate; 630 - Inlet end current collector; 700 - Blind end plate assembly; 710 - Blind end plate; 720 - Blind end insulating plate; 730 - Blind end current collector; 800 - Stack core; 810 - Cell unit. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] As the industrialization of fuel cells accelerates and the trend towards ultra-high power becomes more pronounced, there is a need to improve membrane electrode reaction (MED) efficiency and / or increase the MED reaction area and / or increase the number of individual cells in the stack. Consequently, the size of fuel cell stack modules will also increase. During operation, fuel cell stack modules need to withstand external vibrations, shocks, and other excitations. Ultra-high power stacks, due to their numerous cells and large size, require a focus on improving their resistance to interlaminar slippage to prevent collapse or instability in the middle of the stack. Simultaneously, ensuring the uniform distribution of large-flow-rate reactant gases and liquid water, as well as reducing fluid flow resistance and promptly removing significant amounts of reaction heat, have become technical bottlenecks restricting the development of current ultra-high power fuel cell stack modules.

[0045] Achieving ultra-high power output using a single fuel cell stack module requires solving technical challenges such as increasing the active area of ​​a single cell and improving output performance, increasing the number of single cells and ensuring the stability and consistency of the stack structure, achieving highly uniform distribution of reactant gases in the stack module, and efficiently removing generated water and waste heat.

[0046] In related technologies, bipolar plates typically employ the following design: As shown in Figure 12, the hydrogen inlet c, air outlet b, and cooling medium inlet e are located at one end of the bipolar plate, while the hydrogen outlet d, air inlet a, and cooling medium outlet f are located at the other end. The cooling medium flows in through the cooling medium inlet e, diffuses throughout the cooling medium flow field in the entire bipolar plate interlayer (as indicated by the arrows in Figure 12), carries away heat, and flows out from the cooling medium outlet f.

[0047] In related bipolar plate designs, the limited width of the bipolar plate results in relatively small areas for each fluid inlet, leading to significant pressure losses during air intake and drainage. Furthermore, the active region area cannot be too large; an excessively large active region makes it difficult to achieve uniform flow distribution in the gas and distribution zones. For example, the limited area of ​​the distribution zone makes it difficult to distribute the medium from the fluid inlets to every point at the inlet of the larger active region. Moreover, a large active region can cause uneven pressing force in the central part of the active region during fuel cell stack assembly. This uneven pressing force leads to uneven stress on the carbon paper on the membrane electrode assembly, affecting fuel cell stack performance.

[0048] Clearly, the bipolar plates in related technologies can no longer meet the requirements of ultra-high power fuel cells. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively optimize the structure of bipolar plates / single cells, endplate structures, etc., to match the comprehensive requirements of ultra-high power fuel cells in various aspects. To this end, this application provides an ultra-high power fuel cell stack module with multiple active areas, realizing ultra-high power output and high power density of a single stack module, resolving the contradiction between increasing the active area of ​​a single cell and improving output performance, resolving the contradiction between increasing the number of single cells and the stability and consistency of the stack structure, and resolving the contradiction between highly uniform distribution of reactant gases and efficient removal of generated water and waste heat and flow resistance.

[0049] According to a first aspect of this application, a fuel cell stack module is provided. This fuel cell stack module adopts a single-stack design. Please refer to Figures 1 and 2, which show exploded structural views and cross-sectional views of the fuel cell stack module 1000 in certain embodiments, respectively. The fuel cell stack module 1000 includes an inlet endplate assembly 600, a stack core 800, and a blind endplate assembly 700 stacked sequentially, as well as a fastening assembly 300 for providing fastening force.

[0050] The inlet end plate assembly 600 should include at least an inlet end plate 610 and an inlet end manifold 630 stacked sequentially, and the blind end plate assembly 700 should include at least a blind end plate 710 and a blind end manifold 730 stacked sequentially. A typical structure of the fuel cell stack module 1000 includes, in sequence: an inlet end plate 610, an inlet end insulation plate 620 (which may be integrated onto the inlet end plate 610 or the inlet end manifold 630), an inlet end manifold 630, a stack core 800, a blind end manifold 730, a blind end insulation plate 720 (which may be integrated onto the blind end plate 710 or the blind end manifold 730), and a blind end plate 710. In some embodiments, the fuel cell stack module 1000 also includes a disc spring and a disc spring support plate in addition to the blind end plate 710. The fastening assembly 300 is connected to the intake end plate 610 and the blind end plate 710 or the disc spring support plate, providing a fastening force in the stacking direction to the entire stack.

[0051] Referring to Figure 1, the core 800 includes several battery cells 810 stacked sequentially. The basic components of the battery cell 810 are a membrane electrode 210, a cathode plate 110, and an anode plate 120. Based on the connection relationship of the three basic components, the battery cell 810 can adopt a single-cell scheme: the cathode plate 110, membrane electrode 210, and anode plate 120 are stacked sequentially and sealed together to form a single cell 200, as shown in Figure 9; or a half-cell scheme: including a bipolar plate 100 and a membrane electrode 210, with sealing rings provided on the bipolar plate 100 and / or the membrane electrode 210 to achieve sealing between the bipolar plate 100 and the membrane electrode 210. The bipolar plate 100 is obtained by stacking and sealing the cathode plate 110 and the anode plate 120, as shown in Figure 8.

[0052] In other words, in some embodiments, the core 800 is formed by stacking bipolar plates 100 and membrane electrode 210, as shown in Figure 1. In other embodiments, the core 800 of the fuel cell stack module 1000 is formed by stacking single cells 200. In other embodiments, the core 800 of the fuel cell stack module 1000 may also employ both single cells 200 and bipolar plates 100 + membrane electrode 210, which is not limited in this application.

[0053] This application provides comprehensive structural optimization for bipolar plates / single cells, end plate structures, etc. Please refer to Figure 3, which shows a schematic diagram of the air intake end plate 610 in some embodiments. The structures of the air intake insulating plate 620 and the air intake current collector 630 are the same as the structure of the body 611 of the air intake end plate 610. Please also refer to Figures 4, 5, and 6, which show overall structural diagrams of the bipolar plates in different embodiments. In this application, the battery cell 810 and the air inlet end plate assembly 600 are each provided with at least six fluid inlets 10. The body 1 of the electrode plate of the battery cell 810 is also provided with at least two active regions 20. The fluid inlets 10 are openings for the medium to flow into / out of the flow channel 21. The active regions 20 are the main areas where the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell occurs. The electrode plate adopts a multi-active-region 20 structure design to increase the active area. Through this multi-active-region 20 design, the active regions 20 of the stack can be connected in series or in parallel, which can solve to a certain extent the technical problem that the area of ​​the fluid inlets and the active area of ​​the current bipolar plate 100 structure are relatively small.

[0054] Fluid inlets 10 surround the periphery of at least two active regions 20. In some embodiments, each fluid inlet 10 is distributed around the side of the body 1, and each active region 20 is arranged in the middle of the body 1, i.e., within the area surrounded by each fluid inlet 10. For example, the body 1 can be made of a circular plate. In some embodiments, each fluid inlet 10 surrounds multiple regions, and each region is provided with one active region 20, as shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6. In this case, it can be regarded as forming multiple media flow channels (including inlet, active region 20, and outlet) on the body 1, and the multiple media flow channels can be connected in series or in parallel. Moreover, since the fluid inlets 10 surround the periphery of at least two active regions 20, the arrangement of the fluid inlets 10 is not limited to the single-side dimensions of the body 1, and the space of each side of the body 1 can be utilized to increase the total area of ​​the fluid inlets 10.

[0055] In each fluid inlet 10, at least one fluid inlet 10 used for the flow of the reaction medium is connected to at least two active regions 20. This means that the multiple active regions 20 of the battery cell 810 do not operate independently, but functionally still belong to a whole active region. The connection between the fluid inlet 10 and at least two active regions 20 can be structurally designed such that, along a certain direction, the fluid inlet 10 and at least two active regions 20 have overlapping projections. Because of the connection between the fluid inlet 10 and multiple active regions 20, the total number of fluid inlets 10 in the entire fuel cell stack module 1000 is less than the total number of fluid inlets in multi-stack integrated solutions, thus solving the current technical problem of a large number of stack manifolds and test adapters.

[0056] The design of the multi-active-region 20 results in a larger dimension of the fuel cell stack module 1000 perpendicular to the stacking direction, leading to uneven pressing force in the middle portion of the active region during stack assembly. To address this, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the inlet endplate assembly 600, the core 800, and the blind endplate assembly 700 each have one or more fastening holes 30 in their middle sections. These fastening holes 30 in the middle of the stack allow the fasteners 310 located in the middle of the fastening assembly 300 to pass through, resolving the problem of uneven pressing force in the middle portion of the active region during stack assembly and ensuring uniform pressing force across the multi-active-region 20 structure. At least one of the fastening holes 30 is located between two adjacent active regions 20. Utilizing the larger blank area between adjacent active regions 20, the fastening hole 30 does not increase the area of ​​the body 1, and its proximity to the active region 20 improves the sealing effect at the active region 20.

[0057] The fastening hole 30 should be located as close as possible to the center of the body 1, that is, the fastening hole 30 should be located as far away as possible from the edge fasteners of the fuel cell stack, so as to ensure uniform distribution of the pressing force. The fastening hole 30 should occupy as little area of ​​the electrode plate as possible. Please refer to Figures 4, 5 and 6. In some embodiments, each fastening hole 30 is located between two adjacent active regions 20 and / or between two adjacent fluid ports 10. The fastening holes 30 are arranged by utilizing the gap between the active regions 20 and / or the gap between the fluid ports 10. On the one hand, this ensures that each fastening hole 30 is located in a relatively inner area of ​​the body 1, rather than on the side of the body 1. On the other hand, the fastening hole 30 is close to the active region 20 and / or the fluid port 10, which improves the sealing effect at the active region 20 and the fluid port 10.

[0058] Referring to Figures 4, 5, and 6, in some embodiments, the fluid inlets 10 surround the outer periphery of each active region 20, that is, each fluid inlet 10 surrounds multiple regions, and each region contains one active region 20. The active regions 20 are sequentially distributed and spaced apart along the first side of the body 1, and the fastening holes 30 are distributed between adjacent active regions 20 and simultaneously located between adjacent fluid inlets 10. If the second side of the body 1 is long, resulting in an excessively large single-sided size of the fluid inlet 10 extending along the second side, the fluid inlet 10 can be divided into multiple segments, with fastening holes 30 arranged between the segments. As shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6, the fluid inlet 10 located between two active regions 20 is divided into two segments by the fastening hole 30 located in the middle.

[0059] In some embodiments, the fluid inlets 10 and flow channels 21 on the electrode plates are centrally symmetrically distributed. In some embodiments, one of the fastening holes 30 is located at the geometric center of the body 1, providing uniform pressing force in the central portion. As shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6, in some embodiments, three fastening holes 30 are provided between each two adjacent active regions 20, providing a central fastening force along the entire extension direction of the flow channel 21 of the active region 20, ensuring uniform stress on the active region and improving the performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0060] In some embodiments, the body 1 of the electrode plate is square, with the long side of the square serving as the first side of the body 1 and the short side as the second side of the body 1. The active regions 20 are sequentially distributed along the long side. Figures 4 and 6 respectively show an electrode plate with two active regions 20 distributed along the long side and an electrode plate with three active regions 20 distributed along the long side. In some embodiments, the short side of the square can also serve as the first side of the body 1 and the long side as the second side of the body 1, with the active regions 20 sequentially distributed along the short side. Figure 5 shows an electrode plate with two active regions 20 distributed along the short side. In other embodiments, the electrode plate can also be designed with four or more active regions 20.

[0061] When a fuel cell operates, the fuel medium (e.g., hydrogen, coal gas, natural gas, ethanol, etc.) and the oxidizing medium (e.g., air) undergo an electrochemical reaction through the proton exchange membrane of the membrane electrode 210. The cooling medium diffuses throughout the bipolar plate 100 interlayer (or the cathode plate 110 and anode plate 120 of the single cell 200), carrying away the heat generated by the reaction. Therefore, the plates of a conventional proton exchange membrane fuel cell have six fluid ports 10: two fuel medium ports for fuel medium inlet and outlet, respectively; two oxidizing medium ports for oxidizing medium inlet and outlet, respectively; and two cooling medium ports for cooling medium inlet and outlet, respectively. As shown in Figure 12, in the prior art, a conventional bipolar plate 100 has six fluid ports 10 on both the cathode plate 110 and the anode plate 120: hydrogen inlet c, air outlet b, coolant inlet e, hydrogen outlet d, air inlet a, and coolant outlet f.

[0062] In some embodiments, based on the multi-active-region 20 design of the electrode plate, the number of fluid ports 10 is nine or more, including at least three fuel medium ports (divided into fuel medium outlet 13 and fuel medium inlet 14), at least three oxidation medium ports (divided into oxidation medium outlet 11 and oxidation medium inlet 12), and at least three cooling medium ports (divided into cooling medium inlet 15 and cooling medium outlet 16). The at least three fuel medium ports may include at least one fuel medium outlet 13 and at least two fuel medium inlets 14; or they may include at least two fuel medium outlets 13 and at least one fuel medium inlet 14. The inlet and outlet numbers of the at least three oxidation medium ports and the at least three cooling medium ports are distributed as described above.

[0063] Referring to Figures 4 and 5, in some embodiments, the electrode plate adopts a dual-active-region 20 structure, with two fuel medium outlets 13, one fuel medium inlet 14, two oxidation medium outlets 11, one oxidation medium inlet 12, one cooling medium inlet 15, and two cooling medium outlets 16, forming an overall dual-active-region 20 structure. Both the fuel medium inlet 14 and the oxidation medium inlet 12 are simultaneously connected to both active regions 20. The area of ​​a single active region 20 can reach 250 cm² to 500 cm², therefore this design can achieve an active area of ​​500 cm² to 1000 cm² for a single electrode plate, significantly increasing the upper limit of the active area of ​​existing bipolar plates 100. The fuel medium, oxidation medium, and cooling medium all adopt a "one-in, two-out" flow scheme, entering through the inlet and splitting into two, distributing along the two active regions 20 respectively, and then converging and exiting through the two outlets. The two active regions 20 share a fuel medium inlet 14, an oxidation medium inlet 12, and a cooling medium inlet 15, which can effectively reduce the number and area of ​​fluid ports 10 on the electrode plate and increase the area ratio of the active region.

[0064] Referring to Figure 6, in some embodiments, when it is required that the active region 20 of the electrode plate be further expanded, a three-active-region 20 structure can be adopted, with two fuel medium outlets 13, two fuel medium inlets 14, two oxidation medium outlets 11, two oxidation medium inlets 12, two cooling medium inlets 15, and two cooling medium outlets 16, forming an overall three-active-region 20 structure. In this case, the oxidation medium outlets 11, oxidizing medium inlets 12, fuel medium outlets 13, and fuel medium inlets 14 are all simultaneously connected to two active regions 20.

[0065] In some embodiments, the number of fluid inlets 10, n, and the number of active regions 20, m, satisfy the following relationship: n = 6 + 3*(m-1), meaning that for each additional active region 20, the number of fluid inlets 10 increases by only 3. This multi-active-region design allows for the parallel connection of the stack's active regions. The number of active regions 20 can be expanded along either the first or second side of the body 1. Correspondingly, the number of fastening holes 30 also increases, requiring at least one fastening hole 30 between every two active regions 20. Expanding the active region area reduces the total number of stacked plates. The expansion of the active regions 20 can be along either the first or second side of the body 1. In some embodiments, when expanding along the first side of the body 1, the fluid inlets 10 between two adjacent active regions 20 can be cooling medium inlets 15 and 16; when expanding along the second side of the body 1, the fluid inlets 10 between two adjacent active regions 20 can be fuel medium inlets 13 and 14 and oxidation medium inlets 11 and 12.

[0066] In some embodiments, fuel medium ports 13 and 14 and oxidizing medium ports 11 and 12 are alternately distributed along two first sides of the body 1. For the same medium, with its inlet and outlet located on the two first sides respectively, the distribution of fuel medium ports 13 and 14 and oxidizing medium ports 11 and 12 can be as follows: fuel medium outlet 13 and oxidizing medium outlet 11 are alternately distributed on one of the first sides of the body 1; fuel medium inlet 14 and oxidizing medium inlet 12 are alternately distributed on the other first side of the body 1. In this case, the fuel medium and oxidizing medium flow in the same direction. In some embodiments, the distribution of fuel medium ports 13 and 14 and oxidizing medium ports 11 and 12 can also be as follows: fuel medium outlet 13 and oxidizing medium inlet 12 are alternately distributed on one of the first sides of the body 1; fuel medium inlet 14 and oxidizing medium outlet 11 are alternately distributed on the other first side of the body 1. In this case, the fuel medium and oxidizing medium flow in opposite directions, and this convection is more conducive to gas humidification in the fuel cell stack.

[0067] Fuel medium outlet 13 and fuel medium inlet 14 are located on different sides. Along the second side direction of the body 1, fuel medium outlet 13 and fuel medium inlet 14 can be positioned opposite each other or staggered. Correspondingly, oxidation medium outlet 11 and oxidation medium inlet 12 are located on different sides. Along the second side direction of the body 1, oxidation medium outlet 11 and oxidation medium inlet 12 can be positioned opposite each other or staggered. In some embodiments, referring to Figures 4, 5, and 6, fuel medium outlet 13 and fuel medium inlet 14 are staggered, and oxidation medium outlet 11 and oxidation medium inlet 12 are also staggered. By adopting this arrangement, even when there is a significant size difference between the fluid inlet 10 and the active region 20, the inlet and outlet of the same medium are distributed diagonally in the active region 20, improving the uniformity of the distribution of fuel medium and oxidation medium in the active region 20.

[0068] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 4, 5, and 6, the cooling medium ports 15 and 16 and the active region 20 are alternately distributed along the first side of the body 1. Since the fuel medium ports 13 and 14 and the oxidation medium ports 11 and 12 are distributed on the side of the body 1, an array of fluid passages 10 is formed on both first sides of the body 1. The array formed by the cooling medium ports 15 and 16 and the active region 20 is located between the arrays of fluid passages 10 provided on the two first sides. This makes the flow direction of the cooling medium angularly aligned with the flow direction of the fuel medium and the flow direction of the oxidation medium. For example, the flow direction of the coolant is perpendicular to the flow direction of hydrogen and air.

[0069] Along the second side of the body 1, the active region 20 is located between two adjacent cooling medium inlets 15 and 16, that is, the active region 20 is located between the cooling medium inlet 15 and the cooling medium outlet 16. In some embodiments, referring to Figures 4, 5 and 6, along the second side of the body 1, the size of the cooling medium inlets 15 and 16 is substantially the same as the size of the active region 20, or the size of the cooling medium inlets 15 and 16 is larger than the size of the active region 20, ensuring that the cooling medium can completely cover the active region 20 and improve the cooling effect.

[0070] In some embodiments, the body 1 is further provided with a distribution zone 40, which is located between the fuel medium ports 13 and 14 and the active zone 20, or between the oxidation medium ports 11 and 12 and the active zone 20. Referring to Figures 4, 5, and 6, in some embodiments, when the electrode plate is used as the anode plate 120, the distribution zone 40 is located between the fuel medium ports 13 and 14 and the active zone 20; when the electrode plate is used as the cathode plate 110, the distribution zone 40 is located between the oxidation medium ports 11 and 12 and the active zone 20. The flow channel 21 of the distribution zone 40 tends to increase in size; for example, the distribution zone 40 is generally triangular or trapezoidal. The smaller side of the distribution zone 40 is closer to the fuel medium ports 13 and 14 or the oxidation medium ports 11 and 12, while the larger side is closer to the active zone 20, which facilitates the uniform distribution of the fuel medium and oxidation medium into the active zone 20.

[0071] Referring to Figures 4, 5, and 6, in some embodiments, fuel medium ports 13 and 14 and oxidation medium ports 11 and 12 each have a distribution slope 10a. The distribution slope 10a can be understood as eliminating at least one corner of the rectangular fluid inlet 10, thereby forming at least one sloping boundary. A distribution area 40 is located between the distribution slope 10a and the active area 20. In some embodiments, the sloping directions of the distribution slope 10a of the fuel medium ports 13 and 14 and the oxidation medium ports 11 and 12 are opposite, thereby forming a triangular distribution area between the adjacent fuel medium ports 13 and 14, oxidation medium ports 11 and 12, and the active area 20, for arranging the distribution area 40, thus increasing the area of ​​the distribution area 40 within a limited space.

[0072] In some embodiments, the active region 20 employs a parallel flow field, including multiple sequentially spaced flow channels 21. The flow channels 21 are at least one of a broken-line flow channel 21, a wavy-line flow channel 21, and a straight flow channel 21. Alternatively, a composite flow channel 21 may be used, for example, one section of the flow channel 21 is straight and another section is wavy. Referring to Figure 7, in some embodiments, when the flow channel 21 is a broken-line flow channel 21 or a wavy-line flow channel 21, the bending / bending directions of the flow channels 21 on the anode plate 120 and the cathode plate 110 are opposite, causing the flow channels 21 on the cathode plate 110 and the anode plate 120 to intersect, facilitating the flow of coolant in the active region 20 within the intersecting flow channels 21.

[0073] In some embodiments, the flow channel 21 of the active region 20 is a wavy-shaped flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the wavy-shaped flow channel tends to decrease or increase at the corners. That is, the wavy-shaped flow channel has a two-stage structural design, with the flow cross-section gradually decreasing or increasing at the corners of the flow channel, which is equivalent to forming a constriction or expansion at the crests / troughs of the wavy-shaped flow channel. This structure can increase the vertical gas transfer, which not only enhances the conductivity between the plates, but also improves the mass transfer and drainage capacity of the anode plate 120 and the cathode plate 110, thereby improving the electrochemical performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 8. In some embodiments, the battery cell 810 includes a bipolar plate 100 and a membrane electrode 210. The bipolar plate 100 includes an anode plate 120 and a cathode plate 110 that are sealed together. The bipolar plate 100 is usually made of 316L stainless steel with a thickness of 0.07 to 0.1 mm. Typically, the raw materials are first stamped into cathode plates 110 and anode plates 120 with microchannels, and then the two single plates are connected together to form a "two-plate three-field" structure.

[0075] Both the anode plate 120 and the cathode plate 110 have the structure of the body 1 of the aforementioned electrode plate. Referring to Figure 8, in some embodiments, a distribution zone 40 is provided on the anode plate 120 in the region between the fuel medium inlets 13 and 14 and the active region 20, and a distribution zone 40 is provided on the cathode plate 110 in the region between the oxidation medium inlets 11 and 12 and the active region 20. The flow channels 21 of the distribution zone 40 of the anode plate 120 and the distribution zone 40 of the cathode plate 110 are arranged at an angle. In some embodiments, the flow channels 21 of the active region 20 of both the cathode plate 110 and the anode plate 120 are zigzag flow channels 21, and the bending directions of the flow channels 21 on the anode plate 120 and the cathode plate 110 are opposite, causing the flow channels 21 of the cathode plate 110 and the anode plate 120 to intersect each other. This facilitates the flow of coolant in the active region 20 within the intersecting flow channels 21, reduces flow resistance, and improves the uniformity of coolant distribution.

[0076] Referring to Figure 10, in some embodiments, the flow channel 21 of the active region 20 is a wavy-line flow channel. The wavy-line flow channel 21 of the anode plate 120 and the wavy-line flow channel 21 of the cathode plate 110 have an overlapping region 22. This overlapping region 22 is a parallel flow channel. That is, the cathode / anode flow field of the bipolar plate 100 adopts a wavy-line mixed flow field design. The cathode flow field and the anode flow field exhibit a certain dislocation. The cathode flow field and the anode flow field adopt a parallel flow field design within a certain period, wherein the parallel flow fields overlap to form the overlapping region 22. The parallel flow channels of the anode plate 120 and the parallel flow channels of the cathode plate 110 are welded, that is, the overlapping region 22 is fixedly connected by welding. The overlapping region 22 can be connected by laser short-line welding, spot welding, or a combination of both, which solves the problem that the overlapping area of ​​the double wavy flow is small, which is prone to poor welding and leakage, resulting in a large contact resistance between the cathode plate and the anode plate, thereby increasing the conductivity of the bipolar plate 100.

[0077] Traditional bipolar plate air intake structures often employ a flip-over design. Because the sealing rings between adjacent bipolar plates use a staggered support structure, the fluid inlets of the bipolar plates are generally arranged in a rotationally symmetrical (also known as centrosymmetric) configuration. This necessitates alternating rotation of the bipolar plates during assembly, increasing the complexity of the assembly process. To address this issue, as shown in Figure 8, in some embodiments, both the cathode plate 110 and anode plate 120 of the bipolar plate 100 are axisymmetric structures, and the air intake structures of both are straight-through structures. This allows for laser drilling to process the air intake structure, overcoming the limitations of mechanical stamping. Furthermore, the sealing rings on the gas field side of the cathode plate 110 and anode plate 120 have identical structures, meaning the sealing rings between adjacent bipolar plates 100 are vertically aligned and supported. Based on the axisymmetric structure of the bipolar plate 110, the bipolar plate 100 does not need to be rotated alternately by 180° during stack assembly, simplifying the stack assembly process.

[0078] Referring to Figure 9, in some embodiments, the battery cell 810 is a single cell 200, including an anode plate 120, a membrane electrode 210, and a cathode plate 110 stacked and sealed together in sequence. Both the anode plate 120 and the cathode plate 110 have the structure of the body 1 of the aforementioned electrode plate. Correspondingly, the membrane electrode 210 is also provided with at least six fluid ports 10 and at least one fastening hole 30. The number, size, and distribution of the fluid ports 10 and fastening holes 30 on the membrane electrode 210 are exactly the same as those of the fluid ports 10 and fastening holes 30 of the body 1 of the aforementioned electrode plate, and will not be described again here.

[0079] In some embodiments, a distribution zone 40 is provided on the anode plate 120 between the fuel medium ports 13 and 14 and the active zone 20, and a distribution zone 40 is provided on the cathode plate 110 between the oxidation medium ports 11 and 12 and the active zone 20. The flow channels 21 of the distribution zone 40 of the anode plate 120 and the distribution zone 40 of the cathode plate 110 are arranged at an angle. In some embodiments, the flow channels 21 of the active zone 20 of both the cathode plate 110 and the anode plate 120 are zigzag flow channels 21, and the bending directions of the flow channels 21 on the anode plate 120 and the cathode plate 110 are opposite, so that the flow channels 21 of the cathode plate 110 and the anode plate 120 are interlaced, which facilitates the flow of coolant in the active zone 20 in the interlaced flow channels 21, reduces flow resistance, and improves the uniformity of coolant distribution.

[0080] The membrane electrode 210 has a multilayer structure, typically including a proton exchange membrane (CCM) 211 and an anode frame 212 and a cathode frame 213 located on both sides of the CCM 211. The anode frame 212 and cathode frame 213 are glued to both sides of the CCM 211. The CCM, also known as a "three-in-one unit," includes a proton exchange membrane in the middle and catalyst layers on both sides of the proton exchange membrane. A sealing ring for sealing the bipolar plate 100 and the membrane electrode 210 is pressed onto the anode frame 212 and the cathode frame 213.

[0081] In some embodiments, the connection between the anode frame 212 and the CCM 211 of the membrane electrode 210 of the battery cell 810 and the connection between the cathode frame 213 and the CCM 211 have non-overlapping areas. That is, the anode frame 212 and the cathode frame 213 that contact the same point with the CCM 211 are not completely identical in structure. Referring to Figure 11, in some embodiments, the length of the anode frame 212 covering the CCM 211 is different from the length of the cathode frame 213 covering the CCM 211, forming a non-overlapping area a. In other embodiments, both the anode frame 212 and the cathode frame 213 can be configured as rectangular tooth structures, with the rectangular teeth of the anode frame 212 and the cathode frame 213 being staggered, so that the contact portions of the anode frame 212 and the cathode frame 213 with the CCM 211 are different. By setting the membrane electrode 210 to adopt an asymmetrical single-frame sealing design, wherein the edges of the anode frame 212 and the cathode frame are designed with an asymmetrical structure, the interfacial shear force at the contact position between the anode frame 212 and the cathode frame 213 and the CCM 211 can be eliminated.

[0082] In some embodiments, to prevent the edges and corners of the frame from piercing the CCM211, both the anode frame 212 and the cathode frame 213 are rounded. The right angles of the frame can be rounded by laser cutting or microwave melting to eliminate the problem of local stress concentration of the frame on the CCM211 from the structure and extend the mechanical life of the CCM211.

[0083] In some embodiments, cerium dioxide nanoparticles are added to the adhesive used to bond the anode frame 212 and cathode frame 213 to the CCM 211. By modifying the formulation of the frame backing adhesive, a small amount of cerium dioxide nanoparticles are appropriately added without affecting the bonding performance of the frame, which solves the problem of free radicals caused by the cross-contamination of oxidizing media and fuel media at the edges, eliminates the chemical corrosion of the proton exchange membrane, and prolongs the chemical stability of the proton exchange membrane edges.

[0084] In some embodiments, based on the design of multiple active regions of the electrode plate of the battery cell 810, the parameters of the membrane electrode 210 are set as follows: the thickness of the membrane electrode 210 is 250~400μm; the single active area is 250~500cm². 2 In the CCM211 of the membrane electrode 210, the proton exchange membrane is a composite membrane with a thickness of 8-12 μm; the anode catalyst layer is made of Pt / C or PtIr / C; and the cathode catalyst layer is made of Pt / C, PtCo / C, or PtCoMn / C. The gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode 210 is made of carbon paper or carbon cloth. By setting the above parameters, the performance and durability of the membrane electrode 210 can be improved, thereby increasing the volumetric power density and lifespan of the fuel cell stack module 1000.

[0085] The single active area of ​​the membrane electrode 210 refers to the area of ​​the active region in the membrane electrode 210 that corresponds to a single active region 20 on the electrode plate. The electrochemical reaction of the battery cell 810 occurs in the CCM 211. The proton exchange membrane inside the membrane electrode 210 can be designed as a single unit, with corresponding openings at the fluid inlets 10. In some embodiments, the CCM 211 may also comprise multiple proton exchange membranes, with each proton exchange membrane corresponding one-to-one with the position of each active region 20 on the electrode plate.

[0086] The fastening assembly 300 includes several fasteners 310 / 320. The fastening structure of the entire fuel cell stack module 1000 is divided into two parts based on the location of the fastening assembly 300: an edge fastening structure and a central fastening structure. The edge fastening structure includes several fasteners 320 connected to the end plate along its side; the central fastening structure includes at least one fastener 310 passing through a fastening hole 30 in the inlet end plate assembly 600, the core 800, and the blind end plate assembly 700. The fasteners 320 located at the edge of the fastening assembly 300 can be tie rods, screws and nuts, or steel strips, while the fasteners 310 located in the center can be tie rods or screws and nuts; this application does not impose any limitations on these aspects.

[0087] Referring to Figure 1, in some embodiments, each fastener 310 / 320 of the fastening assembly 300 is a screw. The outer periphery of both the intake end plate assembly 600 and the blind end plate assembly 700 is provided with several through holes 50. Referring to Figure 3, Figure 3 shows the through holes 50 on the intake end plate 610. Screws 301 located at the edges are disposed through the through holes 50, and one or more screws 301 located in the middle are disposed through one or more fastening holes 30. The screws are fastened by nuts 500, applying a fastening force to the end plates on both sides, which ensures uniform stress in the active area and improves the performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0088] Referring to Figure 2, in some embodiments, the fastener 320 located at the edge is a pull rod 302. The pull rod 302 is connected to the outer side of the inlet end plate assembly 600 and the blind end plate assembly 700. Threaded holes perpendicular to the stacking direction can be opened on the side of the inlet end plate 610 and the blind end plate 710. The two ends of the pull rod 302 are fixed to the side of the inlet end plate 610 and the blind end plate 710 respectively by screws. The fastener 310 located in the middle is a screw 301. One or more screws 301 are provided through one or more fastening holes 30. The screws are fastened by nuts 500, and a fastening force is applied to the end plates on both sides, which can ensure uniform stress in the active area and improve the performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0089] Because the fastening assembly 300 needs to withstand a large fastening force (usually tensile force), it is typically made of metal. Therefore, the central fastening structure needs to be designed to insulate the fastening assembly 300 from the electrode plates. Referring to Figure 2, in some embodiments, the fuel cell stack module 1000 also includes an insulating sleeve 400, which is located in the fastening hole 30 and sleeved over the centrally located fastener 310. The insulating sleeve 400 ensures insulation between the bipolar plates 100 and the fastener 310.

[0090] According to one or more embodiments of this application, taking the number of battery cells 810 in the core 800 as 600-700, if the battery cells 810 adopt a dual-active-zone design, the output power of the fuel cell stack module 1000 can reach 300KW-400KW. If the battery cells 810 adopt a triple-active-zone design, the output power of the fuel cell stack module 1000 can reach 700KW-1200KW.

[0091] A second aspect of this application provides a vehicle including a fuel cell stack module 1000 according to any of the embodiments of the first aspect described above. Since the vehicle is equipped with the aforementioned fuel cell stack module 1000, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution of the aforementioned fuel cell stack module 1000, and the output power of the fuel cell stack module 1000 can exceed 300 kW. Other undescribed structures of the vehicle can be referred to relevant prior art disclosures, and will not be elaborated here.

[0092] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0093] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", and "counterclockwise" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0094] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0095] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0096] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fuel cell stack module, comprising an inlet endplate assembly, a core, and a blind endplate assembly stacked sequentially, and a fastening assembly for providing fastening force, wherein the core comprises a plurality of battery cells stacked sequentially; each battery cell and the inlet endplate assembly has at least six fluid ports, and each electrode plate of the battery cell also has at least two active regions, the fluid ports surrounding the periphery of the at least two active regions, and at least one fluid port for supplying reaction medium is connected to both of the at least two active regions; each of the inlet endplate assembly, the core, and the blind endplate assembly has one or more fastening holes at its center, at least one fastening hole being located between two adjacent active regions; one or more fasteners of the fastening assembly are disposed through the one or more fastening holes.

2. The fuel cell stack module according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the fastening holes is located between two adjacent active zones and / or between two adjacent fluid ports.

3. The fuel cell stack module according to claim 2, wherein, The fluid inlets are arranged around the outer periphery of each of the active areas; at least two active areas are distributed sequentially and spaced apart along the first side of the body, and the fastening holes are distributed between two adjacent active areas and located between two adjacent fluid inlets.

4. The fuel cell stack module according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The number of fluid ports is nine or more, including at least three fuel medium ports, at least three oxidation medium ports, and at least three cooling medium ports.

5. The fuel cell stack module according to claim 4, wherein, The fuel medium port and the oxidation medium port are alternately distributed along the two first sides of the body, with the fuel medium ports on different sides being staggered and the oxidation medium ports on different sides being staggered; the cooling medium port and the active area are alternately distributed along the first side of the body and are located between the two first sides.

6. The fuel cell stack module according to claim 5, wherein, The main body is also provided with a distribution area, which is located between the fuel medium port and the active area, or between the oxidation medium port and the active area; Both the fuel medium port and the oxidation medium port have a distribution slope, and the distribution area is located between the distribution slope and the active area.

7. The fuel cell stack module according to claim 5, wherein, The battery cell includes a bipolar plate and a membrane electrode. The anode plate and cathode plate of the bipolar plate both adopt the structure of the main body. The flow channel of the active region is a wavy line flow channel. The wavy line flow channel of the anode plate and the wavy line flow channel of the cathode plate have an overlapping area. The overlapping area is a parallel flow channel. The parallel flow channel of the anode plate is welded to the parallel flow channel of the cathode plate.

8. The fuel cell stack module according to claim 4, wherein, The number n of fluid ports is , where m is the number of active regions.

9. The fuel cell stack module according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The battery cell includes a bipolar plate and a membrane electrode. The anode plate and cathode plate of the bipolar plate adopt the structure of the main body, and both the anode plate and cathode plate of the bipolar plate have an axisymmetric structure. The air intake structure of both the anode plate and cathode plate of the bipolar plate is a straight-through structure.

10. The fuel cell stack module according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The battery unit is a single cell, including an anode plate, a membrane electrode, and a cathode plate stacked in sequence. The anode plate and the cathode plate both adopt the structure of the main body. The membrane electrode is provided with at least six fluid inlets and at least one fastening hole. The fluid inlets and fastening holes on the membrane electrode are exactly the same as those on the main body.

11. The fuel cell stack module according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The battery cell includes a membrane electrode, and the connection between the anode frame and the CCM of the membrane electrode has a non-overlapping area with the connection between the cathode frame and the CCM.

12. The fuel cell stack module according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The battery cell includes a membrane electrode with a thickness of 250-400 μm and a single active area of ​​250-500 cm². 2 The proton exchange membrane of the membrane electrode is a composite membrane with a thickness of 8~12μm; the anode catalyst layer of the membrane electrode is made of Pt / C or PtIr / C; the cathode catalyst layer of the membrane electrode is made of Pt / C, PtCo / C or PtCoMn / C; and the gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode is made of carbon paper or carbon cloth.

13. The fuel cell stack module according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The flow channel in the active zone is a wavy line flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the wavy line flow channel tends to decrease or increase at the corners.

14. The fuel cell stack module according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The fastening assembly includes multiple fasteners; each fastener is a screw; the outer periphery of the air intake end plate assembly and the blind end plate assembly are provided with several through holes; the screw located at the edge is disposed through the through holes; and one or more screws located in the middle are disposed through the one or more fastening holes. Alternatively, the fastener located at the edge is a pull rod connected to the outer side of the intake end plate assembly and the blind end plate assembly, and the fastener located in the middle is a screw, with one or more screws passing through one or more fastening holes.

15. A vehicle comprising a fuel cell stack module according to any one of claims 1-14.

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