State of charge determination method and apparatus, and device, storage medium and program product

Abstract

A state of charge determination method and apparatus, and a device, a storage medium and a program product. The method comprises: acquiring a target voltage of a target battery during its operation; on the basis of a target rule and the target voltage, determining a target battery capacity of the target battery during its operation, wherein the target rule is established on the basis of a mapping relationship between the voltage of the target battery and the battery capacity of the target battery; and on the basis of the target battery capacity and a preset rated capacity, determining the state of charge of the target battery.

Description

Methods, apparatus, equipment, storage media and program products for determining state of charge.

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202410682843.8, filed on May 29, 2024; Chinese patent application No. 202410682806.7, filed on May 29, 2024; and Chinese patent application No. 202410682847.6, filed on May 29, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of battery management technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and program product for determining the state of charge. Background Technology

[0003] The state of charge (SOC) of a battery is one of the important parameters in a battery management system. It represents the ratio of the battery's remaining capacity after a period of use or long-term storage to its capacity when fully charged, usually expressed as a percentage. To ensure the normal operation of the battery, it is usually necessary to accurately calculate the battery's SOC. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and program product for determining the state of charge, to at least solve the technical problem of large errors in the calculated state of charge in related technologies.

[0005] In a first aspect, a method for determining the state of charge is provided, comprising: acquiring the target voltage when the target battery is operating; determining the target battery capacity when the target battery is operating based on a target rule and the target voltage; the target rule is established based on the mapping relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery; and determining the state of charge of the target battery based on the target battery capacity and a preset rated capacity.

[0006] Based on the aforementioned technical methods, target rules can be constructed to efficiently and accurately determine the battery capacity of the target battery according to the target rules and the obtained target voltage. This allows for the determination of the battery's current state of charge (SOC). This avoids the problem of large errors that can easily occur when related technologies use ampere-hour integration to calculate the SOC.

[0007] Secondly, a state of charge determination device is provided, comprising an acquisition unit and a determination unit. The acquisition unit is used to acquire the target voltage of the target battery when it is operating; the determination unit is used to determine the target battery capacity of the target battery when it is operating, based on a target rule and the target voltage; the target rule is established based on the mapping relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery; the determination unit is also used to determine the state of charge of the target battery based on the target battery capacity and a preset rated capacity.

[0008] Thirdly, a pole determination method is provided, comprising: acquiring a target curve corresponding to a target battery; the target curve being used to characterize the mapping relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery; determining a target distance based on a target rule and the target curve; the target distance being used to characterize the distance between the pole of the target polar coordinate system and a first coordinate point; the first coordinate point being a point on the polar axis of the target polar coordinate system that is perpendicularly projected onto a second coordinate point; the second coordinate point being any one of multiple coordinate points on the target curve; the target rule being established based on the mapping relationship between the sample voltage and the sample capacity of the target battery; and determining the pole of the target polar coordinate system based on the target distance and a preset direction, the preset direction being used to characterize the direction of the pole of the target polar coordinate system relative to the first coordinate point.

[0009] Fourthly, a pole determination device is provided, comprising an acquisition unit and a determination unit; the acquisition unit is used to acquire a target curve corresponding to a target battery; the target curve is used to characterize the mapping relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery; the determination unit is used to determine a target distance according to a target rule and the target curve; the target distance is used to characterize the distance between the pole of the target polar coordinate system and a first coordinate point; the first coordinate point is a point on the polar axis of the target polar coordinate system that is perpendicularly projected onto a second coordinate point; the second coordinate point is any one of multiple coordinate points on the target curve; the target rule is established based on the mapping relationship between the sample voltage and the sample capacity of the target battery; and the pole of the target polar coordinate system is determined according to the target distance and a preset direction, the preset direction being used to characterize the direction of the pole of the target polar coordinate system relative to the first coordinate point.

[0010] Fifthly, a radial distance determination method is provided, which includes: acquiring the target temperature and target current of the battery at the current moment; determining the target radial distance corresponding to the target temperature and target current based on a mapping relationship; the mapping relationship is the correspondence between the battery temperature, current and radial distance during operation; the target radial distance is used to reflect the difference between the battery voltage value and the battery cutoff voltage and the battery capacity when the battery is at the target temperature and target current.

[0011] Sixthly, a radial distance determining device is provided, the device comprising: an acquisition module and a determining module. The acquisition module is used to acquire the target temperature and target current of the battery at the current moment; the determining module is used to determine the target radial distance corresponding to the target temperature and target current based on a mapping relationship; the mapping relationship is the correspondence between the battery's temperature, current and radial distance during operation; the target radial distance is used to reflect the difference between the battery's voltage value and the battery's cutoff voltage and the battery's charge level when the battery is at the target temperature and target current.

[0012] A seventh aspect provides an electronic device comprising: a processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to execute instructions to implement the methods of the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0013] Eighthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein when the instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the electronic device is enabled to perform the methods described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0014] Ninth aspect, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product including computer instructions, which, when executed on an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0015] It should be noted that the technical effects of any of the implementation methods in aspects two through five can be found in the technical effects of the corresponding implementation methods in aspect one, and will not be repeated here.

[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure, and are not intended to unduly limit this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining the state of charge according to some embodiments;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the target curve of a target battery under discharge conditions according to some embodiments;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the target polar coordinates of a target battery under discharge conditions according to some embodiments;

[0021] Figure 4 is a flowchart of another method for determining the state of charge according to some embodiments;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between polar angle and polar radius according to some embodiments;

[0023] Figure 6 is a flowchart of yet another method for determining the state of charge according to some embodiments;

[0024] Figure 7 is a flowchart of yet another method for determining the state of charge according to some embodiments;

[0025] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a state of charge determination process according to some embodiments;

[0026] Figure 9 is a charging curve of a target battery according to some embodiments;

[0027] Figure 10 is a discharge curve of a target battery according to some embodiments;

[0028] Figure 11 is a block diagram of a state of charge determination device according to some embodiments;

[0029] Figure 12 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments;

[0030] Figure 13 is a flowchart of a pole determination method according to some embodiments;

[0031] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a target curve according to some embodiments;

[0032] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a curve relating voltage to battery capacity change rate according to some embodiments;

[0033] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of one pole location according to some embodiments;

[0034] Figure 17 is a flowchart of another pole determination method according to some embodiments;

[0035] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of another curve relating voltage to battery capacity change rate according to some embodiments;

[0036] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of yet another pole location according to some embodiments;

[0037] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of another curve relating voltage to battery capacity change rate according to some embodiments;

[0038] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of yet another pole location according to some embodiments;

[0039] Figure 22 is a block diagram of a pole determination device according to some embodiments;

[0040] Figure 23 is a flowchart of a radial distance determination method according to some embodiments;

[0041] Figure 24 is a flowchart of another radial distance determination method according to some embodiments;

[0042] Figure 25 is a flowchart of yet another radial distance determination method according to some embodiments;

[0043] Figure 26 is a flowchart of yet another radial distance determination method according to some embodiments;

[0044] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the charging voltage characteristic curves of a battery under multiple different current conditions according to some embodiments;

[0045] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of the charging voltage characteristic curves of another battery according to some embodiments under multiple different current conditions;

[0046] Figure 29 is a schematic diagram of a third mapping relationship between the charging current of a battery and a first radial distance according to some embodiments;

[0047] Figure 30 is a flowchart of yet another radial distance determination method according to some embodiments;

[0048] Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of a fourth mapping relationship between the temperature of a battery and a first radial distance according to some embodiments;

[0049] Figure 32 is a flowchart of yet another radial distance determination method according to some embodiments;

[0050] Figure 33 is a flowchart of yet another radial distance determination method according to some embodiments;

[0051] Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of the discharge voltage characteristic curves of a battery under multiple different current conditions according to some embodiments.

[0052] Figure 35 is a schematic diagram of the discharge voltage characteristic curves of another battery according to some embodiments under multiple different current conditions;

[0053] Figure 36 is a schematic diagram of the discharge voltage characteristic curves of another battery according to some embodiments under multiple different current conditions;

[0054] Figure 37 is a flowchart of yet another radial distance determination method according to some embodiments;

[0055] Figure 38 is a flowchart of yet another radial distance determination method according to some embodiments;

[0056] Figure 39 is a block diagram of a radial distance determining device according to some embodiments;

[0057] Figure 40 is a block diagram of another electronic device according to some embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0060] Related technologies typically use ampere-hour integration to calculate the battery's state of charge (SOC). This calculation method will result in errors when the battery is not fully charged, and the errors will accumulate when the battery is not fully charged multiple times, leading to a large error.

[0061] Therefore, some embodiments of this disclosure provide a method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and program product for determining the state of charge.

[0062] For ease of understanding, the following describes the method for determining the state of charge provided in some embodiments of this disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0063] As shown in Figure 1, the method for determining the state of charge includes the following steps: S101-S103.

[0064] S101, The state of charge determination device acquires the target voltage when the target battery is in operation.

[0065] For example, the target battery can be set according to actual needs. For example, the target battery can be the vehicle's storage battery or the vehicle's power battery.

[0066] For example, when the target battery is the vehicle's power battery, the voltage range of the target battery is 2.0 volts to 3.65 volts.

[0067] In some embodiments, the state of charge (SCC) determination device may be configured with a data acquisition device. The SCC determination device may send an acquisition message to the data acquisition device for acquiring the target voltage of the target battery during operation. In response to the acquisition message, the data acquisition device may acquire and send the target voltage of the target battery during operation to the SCC determination device. The SCC determination device may receive the target voltage of the target battery during operation sent by the data acquisition device.

[0068] For example, the data acquisition device can acquire the target battery's current operating voltage as 2.5 volts.

[0069] S102. The state of charge determination device determines the target battery capacity when the target battery is working based on the target rules and the target voltage.

[0070] For example, target rules can be established based on the mapping relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery.

[0071] In some embodiments, the target rule may include a first preset relationship, a second preset relationship, and a third preset relationship.

[0072] The first presupposed relationship may include a first functional relationship and a first correspondence relationship. The first functional relationship can be used to characterize the functional relationship between the polar radius and the polar angle. The first correspondence relationship may include the polar angles corresponding to multiple polar radii.

[0073] The second preset relationship can be used to characterize the relationship between the polar radius, polar angle, target voltage, and cutoff voltage.

[0074] The third preset relationship can be used to characterize the relationship between the electrode diameter, electrode angle, and battery capacity.

[0075] In some embodiments, the polar radius can be used to represent the distance between the pole of the target polar coordinates and a coordinate point on the target curve. The polar angle can be used to represent the angle between the polar axis and the polar radius of the target polar coordinates. The target curve can be used to characterize the mapping relationship between the voltage of the target battery and the battery capacity of the target battery.

[0076] In some embodiments, the poles can be used to represent the angle between the polar axis and the polar radius of the target polar coordinates. The polar axis of the target polar coordinates is the horizontal line corresponding to the cutoff voltage of the target battery.

[0077] For example, the target curve can be set according to actual needs.

[0078] For example, the target curve could be the curve showing the relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery during discharge. Alternatively, the target curve could be the curve showing the relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery during charging.

[0079] In some embodiments, the polar coordinates of the target battery during charging are different from the polar coordinates of the target battery during discharging.

[0080] Based on this, some embodiments of this disclosure can take into account different operating conditions of the battery, construct polar coordinates corresponding to different operating conditions, ensure the accuracy of the polar coordinates, and thus accurately determine the state of charge of the battery.

[0081] For example, as shown in Figure 2, the voltage changes with the battery capacity of the target battery.

[0082] For example, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the target polar coordinates of a target battery under discharge conditions according to some embodiments. In Figure 3, the polar radius r can be used to represent the distance between the pole of the target polar coordinates and the coordinate point on the target curve. The polar angle θ can be used to represent the angle between the polar axis and the polar radius of the target polar coordinates. The pole O can be used to represent the angle between the polar axis and the polar radius of the target polar coordinates. The polar axis L of the target polar coordinates is the horizontal line corresponding to the cutoff voltage of the target battery.

[0083] In some embodiments, the second preset relationship can satisfy the first formula, which is: V1=V2+rsinθ.

[0084] Where r can be used to represent the polar radius, θ can be used to represent the polar angle, V1 can be used to represent the target voltage, and V2 can represent the cutoff voltage;

[0085] The second presupposed relationship satisfies the second formula, which is: Q = rcosθ.

[0086] Where r can be used to represent the polar diameter, θ can be used to represent the polar angle, and Q can be used to represent the battery capacity.

[0087] In some embodiments, the first formula and the second formula can be used to characterize the polar coordinate equation corresponding to the target polar coordinates.

[0088] Understandably, to determine the polar coordinates of a target, it is necessary to first determine the pole of that target polar coordinates. The method for determining the pole of the target polar coordinates will be described in detail below.

[0089] In some embodiments, the state of charge (SCC) determination device can determine the target electrode diameter and target electrode angle based on a first functional relationship, a first formula, and a target voltage. The SCC determination device can determine the target battery capacity based on the target electrode diameter, target electrode angle, and a second formula. The SCC determination device determines the method for realizing the target battery capacity when the target battery is operating based on target rules and a target voltage, as described in S201-S202 below.

[0090] In some embodiments, the state of charge (SCC) determination device can determine the target electrode diameter and target electrode angle based on a first correspondence, a first formula, and a target voltage. The SCC determination device can determine the target battery capacity based on the target electrode diameter, target electrode angle, and a second formula. The SCC determination device determines the method for realizing the target battery capacity when the target battery is operating based on target rules and a target voltage, as described in S301-S302 below.

[0091] S103. The state of charge determination device determines the state of charge of the target battery based on the target battery capacity and the preset rated capacity.

[0092] In some embodiments, the preset rated capacity can be used to characterize the maximum battery capacity of the target battery, or it can be used to characterize the battery capacity labeled by the manufacturer at the time of manufacture. This disclosure does not limit this. The preset rated capacity can also be referred to as the nominal capacity.

[0093] Understandably, the state of charge (SOC) can be used to characterize the ratio between the remaining battery capacity and the rated battery capacity.

[0094] In some embodiments, the state of charge determination device can determine the state of charge of the target battery as the ratio between the target battery capacity and the preset rated capacity.

[0095] Based on the above technical solutions, the state of charge determination device provided in some embodiments of this disclosure can obtain the target voltage when the target battery is working, and determine the target battery capacity when the target battery is working according to the target rules and the target voltage, so as to further determine the state of charge of the target battery according to the target battery capacity and the preset rated capacity.

[0096] Based on this, some embodiments of this disclosure can construct target rules to efficiently and accurately determine the battery capacity of the target battery according to the target rules and the obtained target voltage, thereby determining the current state of charge of the battery based on the battery capacity. This avoids the problem of large errors that are easily caused by related technologies using ampere-hour integration to calculate the battery's state of charge. Therefore, some embodiments of this disclosure can accurately determine the battery's state of charge.

[0097] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 4, when determining the target battery capacity when the target battery is operating according to the target rules and the target voltage, the state of charge determination method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure further includes the following steps: S201-S202.

[0098] S201. The state of charge determination device determines the target pole diameter and target pole angle based on the first functional relationship, the first formula and the target voltage.

[0099] For example, the first functional relationship can be determined based on the mapping relationship between the polar angle and the polar radius.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first preset relationship may include multiple first functional relationships. For example, the state of charge determination device may determine multiple first functional relationships based on a preset relationship between the pole angle and the pole radius.

[0101] The state of charge determination device can determine the target first function relationship corresponding to the target voltage from multiple first function relationships. The state of charge determination device can determine the target pole radius and target pole angle based on the target first function relationship, the first formula, and the target voltage.

[0102] For example, as shown in Figure 5, the state of charge determination device can divide the preset mapping relationship between polar angle and polar radius into interval 1, interval 2, and interval 3. Interval 1 is where the polar angle θ is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 0.6. Interval 2 is where the polar angle θ is greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1.54. Interval 3 is where the polar angle is greater than or equal to 1.54 and less than or equal to 1.571.

[0103] The first functional relationship corresponding to interval 1 can be represented by the third formula: r = aθ 2 +b.

[0104] Here, r can be used to represent the polar axis. θ can be used to represent the polar angle. a and b can be used to represent undetermined constants.

[0105] The first functional relationship corresponding to interval 2 can be represented by the fourth formula, which is:

[0106] Here, r can be used to represent the polar axis. θ can be used to represent the polar angle. a, b, and c can be used to represent undetermined constants.

[0107] The first functional relationship corresponding to interval 3 can be represented by the fifth formula: r = a1 + a2θ + a3θ 2 +…

[0108] Here, r can be used to represent the polar axis. θ can be used to represent the polar angle. a1, a2, and a3 can be used to represent undetermined constants.

[0109] In some embodiments, the state of charge determination device can determine the interval corresponding to the target voltage from multiple intervals, thereby determining the target first functional relationship.

[0110] In some embodiments, the state-of-charge determination device can input a target first functional relationship into a first formula to obtain a second functional relationship. The second functional relationship is used to characterize the functional relationship between the target voltage, the cutoff voltage, and the polar angle.

[0111] For example, referring to Figure 5, the state of charge determination device can determine that interval 1 is the interval corresponding to the target battery, thereby determining the first functional relationship corresponding to interval 1 as the target first functional relationship. The state of charge determination device can input the target first functional relationship into the first formula to obtain the second functional relationship, which satisfies the following sixth formula: V1-V2=(aθ 2 +b)sinθ.

[0112] Where V1 can be used to represent the target voltage, V2 can be used to represent the cutoff voltage, θ can be used to represent the polar angle, and a and b can be used to represent undetermined constants.

[0113] S202, The state of charge determination device determines the target battery capacity based on the target electrode diameter, the target electrode angle, and the second formula.

[0114] In some embodiments, the state of charge determination device can input the target electrode diameter and target electrode angle determined in S201 into the second formula to calculate the target battery capacity.

[0115] For example, when the target voltage is the voltage at which the target battery is charged, the state of charge determination device determines the target electrode diameter r1 to be 0.4087 and the target electrode angle θ1 to be -0.9959. The state of charge determination device can input the target electrode diameter r1 and the target electrode angle θ1 into the second formula to calculate the target battery capacity, obtaining a target battery capacity of 19.56 ampere-hours (Ah).

[0116] For example, when the target voltage is the voltage at which the target battery discharges, the state of charge determination device determines the target electrode diameter r2 to be 0.8132 and the target electrode angle θ2 to be 1.4985. The state of charge determination device can input the target electrode diameter r2 and the target electrode angle θ2 into the second formula to calculate the target battery capacity, obtaining a target battery capacity of 82.83 Ah.

[0117] It should be noted that the method for determining the polar radius (i.e., radial distance) of the target polar coordinates will be described in detail below.

[0118] Based on this, some embodiments of this disclosure can construct a functional relationship between the polar angle and the polar radius of polar coordinates according to the discharge curve or charging curve corresponding to the target battery, thereby efficiently and accurately determining the state of charge of the target battery based on the functional relationship.

[0119] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 6, when determining the target battery capacity when the target battery is operating according to the target rules and the target voltage, the state of charge determination method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure further includes the following steps: S301-S302.

[0120] S301. Determine the target polar radius and target polar angle based on the first correspondence, the first formula, and the target voltage.

[0121] For example, the target polar radius, target polar angle, and target voltage satisfy the first formula.

[0122] In some embodiments, the state of charge determination device can determine the target polar radius and target polar angle that satisfy the first formula from a first correspondence based on the first formula and the target voltage.

[0123] For example, as shown in Table 1, Table 1 shows a partial first correspondence of the target battery under discharge conditions.

[0124] Table 1

[0125] The values ​​are as follows: 0.1C indicates a discharge rate of 10% of the battery's rated capacity; 0.2C indicates a discharge rate of 20% of the battery's rated capacity; 0.3C indicates a discharge rate of 30% of the battery's rated capacity; 0.5C indicates a discharge rate of 50% of the battery's rated capacity; 1C indicates a discharge rate of 100% of the battery's rated capacity; 1.5C indicates a discharge rate of 150% of the battery's rated capacity; and 2C indicates a discharge rate of 200% of the battery's rated capacity.

[0126] As shown in Table 2, Table 2 shows the first correspondence of the target battery under charging conditions.

[0127] Table 2

[0128] The following values ​​indicate different charging rates: 0.1C indicates charging at 10% of the battery's rated capacity; 0.2C indicates charging at 20% of the battery's rated capacity; 0.3C indicates charging at 30% of the battery's rated capacity; 0.5C indicates charging at 50% of the battery's rated capacity; 1C indicates charging at 100% of the battery's rated capacity; 1.5C indicates charging at 150% of the battery's rated capacity; and 2C indicates charging at 200% of the battery's rated capacity.

[0129] In some embodiments, the state of charge determination device can determine the target voltage, target pole angle, and target pole axis from a first correspondence.

[0130] For example, when the target voltage is the voltage at which the target battery is charged, the state of charge determination device can determine the target polar radius r1 as 0.4087 and the target polar angle θ1 as -0.9959 based on the target voltage and the first correspondence.

[0131] For example, when the target voltage is the voltage when the target battery is discharging, the state of charge determination device can determine the target polar radius r2 as 0.8132 and the target polar angle θ2 as 1.4985 based on the target voltage and the first correspondence.

[0132] S302, The state of charge determination device determines the target battery capacity based on the target electrode diameter, the target electrode angle, and the second formula.

[0133] In some embodiments, the method by which the state of charge determination device determines the target battery capacity based on the target electrode diameter, the target electrode angle, and the second formula can refer to S202 described above. Further details are omitted here.

[0134] Based on this, some embodiments of this disclosure can establish mapping relationships based on a large amount of data, thereby efficiently and accurately determining the electrode diameter and polarity when determining the state of charge of the target battery, so as to enable efficient and accurate determination of the state of charge of the target battery.

[0135] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, the method for determining the state of charge provided in some embodiments of this disclosure further includes the following steps: S401-S402.

[0136] S401, The state of charge determination device acquires the current and ambient temperature of the target battery during operation.

[0137] In some embodiments, the state of charge (SCC) determination device may send an acquisition command to the data acquisition device to acquire the current and ambient temperature of the target battery during operation. The data acquisition device may, in response to the acquisition command, acquire and send the acquisition command for the current and ambient temperature of the target battery during operation to the SCC determination device. The SCC determination device may receive the acquisition command for the current and ambient temperature of the target battery during operation sent by the data acquisition device.

[0138] In some embodiments, the data acquisition device may include a temperature measuring device. The temperature measuring device may be used to measure the ambient temperature.

[0139] S402, The state of charge determination device determines the target rule corresponding to the current and ambient temperature from multiple preset rules.

[0140] For example, preset rules can be established based on the mapping relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery under preset current and preset ambient temperature.

[0141] In some embodiments, the mapping relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery differs under different preset currents and preset ambient temperatures. The state of charge determination device can determine the target rule from multiple preset rules based on the acquired current and ambient temperature.

[0142] Based on this, some embodiments of this disclosure can take into account the mapping relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery under different currents and ambient temperatures, thereby enabling accurate determination of the state of charge of the target battery.

[0143] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the state of charge determination device is configured to perform steps S81-S83.

[0144] S81. The state of charge determination device can establish a polar coordinate system based on the target curve.

[0145] S82, The state of charge determination device can construct a mapping relationship between polar angle and polar radius.

[0146] S83. The state of charge determination device can calculate the state of charge of the target battery based on the mapping relationship between the pole angle and the pole diameter.

[0147] In some embodiments, the state-of-charge (SOC) determination device can acquire the charging curve of the target battery (e.g., the charging curve of an LEP battery charged at 0.1C at room temperature) and the charging cutoff voltage (e.g., 3.65 volts). The horizontal line containing the SOC charging cutoff voltage is defined as the polar axis of polar coordinates. The SOC determination device defines the point on the polar axis corresponding to the battery being fully discharged as the pole.

[0148] The state of charge determination device can determine the pole radius by measuring the distance from the voltage value collected during charging to the pole. The state of charge determination device can also determine the pole angle by measuring the angle between the pole axis and the pole radius.

[0149] For example, the range of polar angle values ​​during charging is... The state-of-charge (SOC) determination device can determine the polar coordinates of the target battery during charging based on the charging curve. The polar coordinates satisfy the following formula (Formula 7):

[0150] Where r can be used to represent the polar diameter, θ can be used to represent the polar angle, V1 can be used to represent the target voltage, 3.65 can be used to represent the cutoff voltage, and Q can be used to represent the battery capacity.

[0151] For example, as shown in Figure 9, the charging curve in Figure 9 is the charging curve of the LEP battery when charged at 0.1C at room temperature.

[0152] In some embodiments, the state of charge determination device can establish a mapping relationship between the polar radius and the polar angle.

[0153] For example, a state-of-charge determination device can establish a correspondence between pole diameter and pole angle (e.g., Table 2). In the case of stepped charging, the mapping relationship between pole diameter and pole angle changes with the current.

[0154] For example, the state of charge determination device can establish a functional relationship between the polar angle and the polar radius. In the above embodiment, the state of charge determination device can divide the polar angle into two intervals: interval 1 can be a polar angle greater than or equal to -1.571 and less than 1.4; interval 2 can be a polar angle greater than or equal to -1.4 and less than or equal to 0. The functional relationship corresponding to interval 1 satisfies the following eighth formula:

[0155] Where r can be used to represent the polar axis, and θ can be used to represent the polar angle. i b i and c i It can be used to represent undetermined constants.

[0156] The 'a' in the eighth formula i b i and c i The values ​​can be found in Table 3 below.

[0157] Table 3

[0158] The functional relationship corresponding to interval 2 satisfies the following ninth formula:

[0159] Where r can be used to represent the polar axis, and θ can be used to represent the polar angle. i b i and c i It can be used to represent undetermined constants.

[0160] a in the ninth formula i b i and c i The values ​​can be found in Table 4 below.

[0161] Table 4

[0162] In some embodiments, the state of charge (SCC) determination device can determine the target polar angle and target electrode diameter corresponding to the target voltage based on the functional relationship between the polar angle and the electrode diameter, the seventh formula, and the target voltage. The SCC determination device can determine the target battery capacity based on the target polar angle, the target electrode diameter, and the seventh formula. The SCC determination device can determine the SCC of the target battery based on the target battery capacity and a preset rated capacity.

[0163] Alternatively, the state of charge (SCC) determination device can determine the target polar angle and target electrode diameter corresponding to the target voltage based on the correspondence between polar angle and electrode diameter, the seventh formula, and the target voltage. The SCC determination device can also determine the target battery capacity based on the target polar angle, target electrode diameter, and the seventh formula. Finally, the SCC determination device can determine the target battery's SCC based on the target battery capacity and a preset rated capacity.

[0164] For example, the preset rated capacity is 88. The state of charge (SCC) determination device can determine the target electrode diameter r1 as 0.4087 and the target electrode angle θ1 as -0.9959. The SCC determination device can input the target electrode diameter r1 and the target electrode angle θ1 into the second formula to calculate the target battery capacity, obtaining a target battery capacity of 19.56 amp-hours. The SCC determination device can determine the target battery's SCC as 22.2% based on the target battery capacity and the preset rated capacity.

[0165] In some embodiments, the state of charge determination device can acquire the discharge curve of the target battery (e.g., the discharge curve of an LEP battery at 0.1C discharge at room temperature) and the discharge cutoff voltage (e.g., 2.5 volts).

[0166] The horizontal line containing the discharge cutoff voltage, determined by the state of charge (SCC), is used as the polar axis in polar coordinates. The SCC device identifies the point on the polar axis corresponding to a fully charged battery as the pole. The SCC device can determine the distance from the voltage value collected during discharge to the pole as the polar radius. The SCC device can determine the angle between the polar axis and the polar radius as the polar angle.

[0167] For example, the range of polar angle values ​​during discharge is: The state-of-charge (SOC) determination device can determine the polar coordinates of the target battery during discharge based on the discharge curve. The polar coordinates satisfy the following formula (Formula 10):

[0168] Where r can be used to represent the polar diameter, θ can be used to represent the polar angle, V1 can be used to represent the target voltage, 3.65 can be used to represent the cutoff voltage, and Q can be used to represent the battery capacity.

[0169] For example, Figure 10 shows a discharge curve of a target battery according to some embodiments. The discharge curve in Figure 10 is the discharge curve of an LEP battery at 0.1C discharge at room temperature.

[0170] In some embodiments, the state of charge determination device can establish a mapping relationship between the polar radius and the polar angle.

[0171] For example, a state-of-charge determination device can establish a correspondence between pole diameter and pole angle (e.g., Table 1). In the case of stepped discharge current, the mapping relationship between pole diameter and pole angle changes with the current.

[0172] Alternatively, the state of charge determination device can establish a functional relationship between the polar angle and the polar radius. In the above embodiment, the state of charge determination device can divide the polar angle into interval 1, interval 2, and interval 3. Interval 1 is where the polar angle θ is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 0.6. Interval 2 is where the polar angle θ is greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1.54. Interval 3 is where the polar angle is greater than or equal to 1.54 and less than or equal to 1.571.

[0173] The functional relationship corresponding to interval 1 satisfies the following eleventh formula: r = 0.377θ 2 +1.038.

[0174] Here, r can be used to represent the polar axis. θ can be used to represent the polar angle.

[0175] The functional relationship corresponding to interval 2 satisfies the following twelfth formula:

[0176] Where r can be used to represent the polar axis, and θ can be used to represent the polar angle. i b i and c i It can be used to represent undetermined constants.

[0177] The 'a' in the twelfth formula i b i and c i The values ​​can be found in Table 5 below.

[0178] Table 5

[0179] The functional relationship corresponding to interval 3 satisfies the following formula, formula thirteen:

[0180] Here, r can be used to represent the polar axis. θ can be used to represent the polar angle.

[0181] In some embodiments, the state of charge (SCC) determination device can determine the target polar angle and target electrode diameter corresponding to the target voltage based on the functional relationship between the polar angle and the electrode diameter, the seventh formula, and the target voltage. The SCC determination device can determine the target battery capacity based on the target polar angle, the target electrode diameter, and the seventh formula. The SCC determination device can determine the SCC of the target battery based on the target battery capacity and a preset rated capacity.

[0182] Alternatively, the state of charge (SCC) determination device can determine the target polar angle and target electrode diameter corresponding to the target voltage based on the correspondence between polar angle and electrode diameter, the seventh formula, and the target voltage. The SCC determination device can also determine the target battery capacity based on the target polar angle, target electrode diameter, and the seventh formula. Finally, the SCC determination device can determine the target battery's SCC based on the target battery capacity and a preset rated capacity.

[0183] For example, the preset rated capacity is 88 amp-hours. The state of charge (SCC) determination device can determine the target electrode diameter r1 as 0.8132 mm and the target electrode angle θ1 as 1.4985°. The SCC determination device can input the target electrode diameter r1 and the target electrode angle θ1 into the second formula to calculate the target battery capacity, obtaining a target battery capacity of 82.83 amp-hours. The SCC determination device can determine the target battery's SCC to be 94.1% based on the target battery capacity and the preset rated capacity.

[0184] The foregoing mainly describes the solutions provided by some embodiments of this disclosure from a methodological perspective. To achieve the above functions, the state of charge determination device or electronic device includes at least one of the hardware structures or software modules corresponding to each function.

[0185] Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that, based on the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, some embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software.

[0186] Whether a function is implemented through hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described function for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this disclosure.

[0187] Some embodiments of this disclosure can divide the state of charge determination device or electronic device into functional modules according to the above method. For example, the state of charge determination device or electronic device may include functional modules corresponding to each functional division, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module.

[0188] The integrated modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules. It should be noted that the module divisions in some embodiments of this disclosure are illustrative and represent only one logical functional division; in actual implementation, other division methods may be used.

[0189] Figure 11 is a block diagram of a state of charge determination device according to some embodiments. Referring to Figure 11, the state of charge determination device includes an acquisition unit 501 and a determination unit 502.

[0190] In some embodiments, the acquisition unit 501 is used to acquire the target voltage when the target battery is operating.

[0191] In some embodiments, the determining unit 502 is used to determine the target battery capacity when the target battery is operating, based on the target rules and the target voltage.

[0192] In some embodiments, the determining unit 502 is further configured to determine the state of charge of the target battery based on the target battery capacity and the preset rated capacity.

[0193] In some embodiments, the determining unit 502 is configured to: determine the target electrode diameter and target electrode angle based on a first functional relationship, a first formula and a target voltage; and determine the target battery capacity based on the target electrode diameter, target electrode angle and a second formula.

[0194] In some embodiments, the determining unit 502 is configured to: determine the target electrode diameter and target electrode angle based on a first correspondence, a first formula, and a target voltage; and determine the target battery capacity based on the target electrode diameter, target electrode angle, and a second formula.

[0195] In some embodiments, the acquisition unit 501 is further configured to acquire the current and ambient temperature of the target battery during operation.

[0196] In some embodiments, the determining unit 502 is further configured to determine a target rule corresponding to the current and ambient temperature from a plurality of preset rules.

[0197] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the manner in which each module performs its operations has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0198] Figure 12 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments. As shown in Figure 12, the electronic device 600 includes, but is not limited to, a processor 601 and a memory 602.

[0199] The memory 602 is used to store the executable instructions of the processor 601. It is understood that the processor 601 is configured to execute instructions to implement the state of charge determination method in the above embodiments.

[0200] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that the structure of the electronic device 600 shown in FIG12 does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device 600. The electronic device 600 may include more or fewer components than shown in FIG12, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0201] The processor 601 is the control center of the electronic device 600. It connects various parts of the electronic device 600 through various interfaces and lines. By running or executing at least one of the software programs or modules stored in the memory 602, and by calling the data stored in the memory 602, it performs various functions of the electronic device and processes data, thereby monitoring the electronic device as a whole.

[0202] Processor 601 may include one or more processing units. For example, processor 601 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor. The application processor mainly handles the operating system, user interface, and applications, while the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication. It is understood that the modem processor may also not be integrated into processor 601.

[0203] The memory 602 can be used to store software programs and various data. The memory 602 may primarily include a program storage area and a data storage area. For example, the program storage area may store the operating system, application programs required by at least one functional module (such as a determination unit, processing unit, etc.), etc. Furthermore, the memory 602 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0204] Some embodiments of this disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium including instructions, such as a memory 602 including instructions, which can be executed by a processor 601 of an electronic device to implement the methods in the above embodiments and subsequent embodiments.

[0205] In actual implementation, the functions of the acquisition unit 501 and the determination unit 502 in Figure 11 can both be implemented by the processor 601 in Figure 12 calling the computer program stored in the memory 602. The execution process can be referred to the description in the method section of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0206] For example, a computer-readable storage medium can be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device.

[0207] Some embodiments of this disclosure also provide a computer program product including one or more instructions that can be executed by a processor 601 of an electronic device to perform the methods described in the above embodiments and subsequent embodiments.

[0208] It should be noted that when one or more instructions in the computer-readable storage medium or computer program product are executed by the processor of an electronic device, they implement the various processes of the above method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect as the above method. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0209] The State of Charge (SOC) of a battery is a crucial parameter in the battery management system (BMS), playing a significant role in controlling charging current, power consumption, and estimating remaining range. While there are various definitions and calculation methods for SOC, all share some common challenges.

[0210] Firstly, for battery systems with voltage curves exhibiting a wide plateau range, the ampere-hour integration method is primarily used to calculate the state of charge (SOC). However, in such battery systems, the relationship between voltage and SOC is not obvious, making it impossible to directly and accurately deduce SOC from voltage alone. The ampere-hour integration method records the current and time during the battery's charging and discharging process, then integrates these data to obtain the change in battery capacity, thereby deduce the SOC.

[0211] However, simply applying the ampere-hour integration algorithm also has some problems. The most significant problem is the accumulation of inherent errors in the current sensor. When measuring the battery charging and discharging current, the current sensor will have some error due to various factors (such as temperature and noise). These errors will accumulate continuously during the ampere-hour integration process, causing the calculated SOC to gradually deviate from the true value. This error will be even greater when the battery has not been fully charged for a long time.

[0212] Furthermore, the calculation method for ampere-hour integrals will result in errors when the battery is not fully charged. Therefore, it is possible to calculate the battery's state of charge using polar coordinates. However, when constructing polar coordinates, it is often impossible to accurately determine the location of the poles.

[0213] Based on this, some embodiments of this disclosure provide a pole determination method. This pole determination method can be applied to the state-of-charge determination method in any of the above embodiments to obtain the poles of the target polar coordinate system in any of the above embodiments.

[0214] For ease of understanding, the pole determination method provided by some embodiments of this disclosure is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0215] As shown in Figure 13, the pole determination method includes the following steps: S11-S13.

[0216] S11. The pole determination device acquires the target curve corresponding to the target battery.

[0217] For example, a target curve can be used to characterize the mapping relationship between the voltage of the target battery and the battery capacity of the target battery.

[0218] For example, the target battery can be set according to actual needs. For example, the target battery can be a lithium iron phosphate battery (LEP) or a zinc-carbon battery. This disclosure does not limit it in this regard.

[0219] In some embodiments, the pole determination device can acquire the voltage change and the capacity change of the target battery during operation. Based on the acquired voltage change and capacity change of the target battery during operation, the pole determination device can determine the target curve corresponding to the target battery.

[0220] For example, the target curve in Figure 14 can be used to characterize the mapping relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery during discharge. In Figure 14, the vertical axis represents the voltage of the target battery during discharge, and the horizontal axis represents the change in battery capacity during discharge.

[0221] In some embodiments, the pole determination device may normalize the target curve for ease of calculation.

[0222] For example, the pole determination device can normalize the target curve in Figure 14 based on the nominal capacity of the battery, resulting in the normalized target curve in Figure 15. In Figure 15, the vertical axis represents the voltage of the target battery during discharge, and the horizontal axis represents the rate of change of battery capacity during discharge.

[0223] In some embodiments, the target curve corresponding to the target battery during charging is different from the target curve corresponding to the target battery during discharging. Therefore, some embodiments of this disclosure can construct target curves corresponding to different operating conditions based on different operating conditions of the target battery.

[0224] S12. The pole determination device determines the target distance based on the target rules and target curve.

[0225] For example, target distance can be used to characterize the distance between the pole of the target polar coordinate system and the first coordinate point. The first coordinate point can be a point on the polar axis of the target polar coordinate system, perpendicularly projected from the second coordinate point. The second coordinate point can be any one of multiple coordinate points on the target curve. Target rules can be established based on the mapping relationship between the sample voltage and sample capacity of the target battery.

[0226] For example, the second coordinate point can be set according to actual needs. For example, the second coordinate point can be the first coordinate point from left to right on the target curve. This disclosure does not limit this.

[0227] In some embodiments, the target rule may include a fourth preset relationship and a fifth preset relationship. The fourth preset relationship may include the polarity corresponding to each of multiple voltages. The fifth preset relationship may be the relationship between the polarity corresponding to each of multiple coordinate points, the voltage corresponding to each of multiple coordinate points, the cutoff voltage corresponding to the target battery, the battery capacity of the second coordinate point, and the target distance.

[0228] In some embodiments, the fifth preset relationship can satisfy the fourteenth formula (such as the target formula), which is:

[0229] Here, ΔS can be used to characterize the target distance. N can be used to characterize the number of coordinate points on the target curve. i It can be used to characterize the voltage corresponding to the i-th coordinate point. i It can be used to characterize the battery capacity corresponding to the i-th coordinate point. v1 can be used to characterize the cutoff voltage corresponding to the target battery. ΔQ can be used to characterize the battery capacity corresponding to the second coordinate point.

[0230] In some embodiments, the pole determination device can determine the voltage corresponding to each of multiple coordinate points, the cutoff voltage corresponding to the target battery, and the battery capacity corresponding to the second coordinate point.

[0231] The pole determination device can determine the pole diameter corresponding to each of the multiple coordinate points based on the fourth preset relationship and the voltage corresponding to each of the multiple coordinate points.

[0232] The pole determination device can determine the target distance based on the fifth preset relationship, the pole diameters corresponding to multiple coordinate points, the voltages corresponding to multiple coordinate points, the cutoff voltage of the target battery, and the battery capacity of the preset coordinate points.

[0233] The pole determination device determines the method of achieving the target distance based on the target rules and target curve, as described in S21-23 below.

[0234] In some embodiments, the polar axis of the target polar coordinate system can be used to characterize the cutoff voltage of the target battery. The cutoff voltage of the target battery during charging is different from the cutoff voltage of the target battery during discharging.

[0235] For example, the cutoff voltage of the target battery during charging could be 3.65 volts. The voltage of the target battery during discharging could be 2.4 volts.

[0236] Based on this, some embodiments of this disclosure can take into account different battery operating conditions and determine different cutoff voltages to further determine the polar axis of the polar coordinates and ensure the accuracy of the polar coordinates.

[0237] S13. The pole determination device determines the pole of the target polar coordinate system based on the target distance and preset direction.

[0238] For example, a preset direction is used to characterize the direction of the pole of the target polar coordinate system relative to the first coordinate point.

[0239] In some embodiments, the pole determining device can determine a point on the polar axis that is a target distance from the first coordinate point and lies in a preset direction as the pole of the target polar coordinate system. The implementation method of the pole determining device determining the pole of the target polar coordinate system based on the target distance and the preset direction can be referred to in S31 below.

[0240] Based on the above technical solutions, the pole determination device provided in some embodiments of this disclosure can acquire a target curve representing the mapping relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery, and then determine the distance between the pole and the first coordinate point in the target polar coordinate system, i.e., the target distance, according to the target rules and the target curve. In order to further determine the pole of the target polar coordinate system according to the target distance and a preset direction representing the direction of the pole of the target polar coordinate system relative to the first coordinate point.

[0241] Based on this, some embodiments of this disclosure can accurately determine the poles of the polar coordinates corresponding to the target curve, according to the target curve corresponding to the target battery and the constructed target rules. Therefore, some embodiments of this disclosure can accurately determine the positions of the poles in the polar coordinates when constructing the polar coordinates.

[0242] In some embodiments, in order to determine the target distance according to the target rules and the target curve, the pole determination method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure further includes the following steps: S21-S23.

[0243] S21. The pole determination device determines the voltage corresponding to each of the multiple coordinate points, the cutoff voltage corresponding to the target battery, and the battery capacity corresponding to the second coordinate point.

[0244] In some embodiments, the pole determination device may be configured with a storage module. The storage module may store the cutoff voltage of the target battery during charging and the cutoff voltage during discharging. The pole determination device can determine whether the target battery is currently in a charging or discharging state. The pole determination device can read the cutoff voltage corresponding to the current state of the target battery from the storage module.

[0245] In some embodiments, the pole determination device can determine the voltage corresponding to each of multiple coordinate points on the target curve, and the battery capacity corresponding to a second coordinate point. Alternatively, the pole determination device can determine the change in battery capacity corresponding to each of the multiple coordinate points on the target curve.

[0246] For example, referring to Figure 14, the pole determination device can determine the voltage corresponding to each of multiple coordinate points and the change in battery capacity corresponding to each of the multiple coordinate points from the target curve in Figure 14.

[0247] Alternatively, referring to Figure 15, the pole determination device can determine the voltage corresponding to each of the multiple coordinate points and the battery capacity change rate of each of the multiple coordinate points from the normalized target curve in Figure 15.

[0248] S22. The pole determination device determines the pole diameter corresponding to each of the multiple coordinate points based on the fourth preset relationship and the voltage corresponding to each of the multiple coordinate points.

[0249] For example, the pole determination device can store the correspondence between voltage and pole radius in its storage module. The pole determination device can read the correspondence between voltage and pole radius from the storage module. The pole determination device can determine the pole radius corresponding to each of the multiple coordinate points based on the fourth preset relationship, the voltage corresponding to each of the multiple coordinate points, and the correspondence between voltage and pole radius.

[0250] For example, the relationship between voltage and polarity satisfies the following fifteenth formula: V1 = V2 + rsinθ.

[0251] Where r can be used to represent the polar radius, θ can be used to represent the polar angle, V1 can be used to represent the target voltage, and V2 can be used to represent the cutoff voltage.

[0252] For example, as shown in Table 6, Table 6 shows some of the fourth preset relationships of the target battery under discharge conditions.

[0253] Table 6

[0254] The values ​​are as follows: 0.1C indicates a discharge rate of 10% of the battery's rated capacity; 0.2C indicates a discharge rate of 20% of the battery's rated capacity; 0.3C indicates a discharge rate of 30% of the battery's rated capacity; 0.5C indicates a discharge rate of 50% of the battery's rated capacity; 1C indicates a discharge rate of 100% of the battery's rated capacity; 1.5C indicates a discharge rate of 150% of the battery's rated capacity; and 2C indicates a discharge rate of 200% of the battery's rated capacity.

[0255] As shown in Table 7, Table 7 shows the fourth preset relationship of the target battery under charging conditions.

[0256] Table 7

[0257] The following values ​​indicate different charging rates: 0.1C indicates charging at 10% of the battery's rated capacity; 0.2C indicates charging at 20% of the battery's rated capacity; 0.3C indicates charging at 30% of the battery's rated capacity; 0.5C indicates charging at 50% of the battery's rated capacity; 1C indicates charging at 100% of the battery's rated capacity; 1.5C indicates charging at 150% of the battery's rated capacity; and 2C indicates charging at 200% of the battery's rated capacity.

[0258] In some embodiments, the pole determining device determines the pole radius corresponding to each of the multiple coordinate points based on a fourth preset relationship, the voltage corresponding to each of the multiple coordinate points, and a fifteenth formula.

[0259] For example, a pole-determining device can determine that the pole diameter of a certain voltage is 0.4087.

[0260] S23. The pole determination device determines the target distance based on the fifth preset relationship, the pole diameters corresponding to multiple coordinate points, the voltages corresponding to multiple coordinate points, the cutoff voltage of the target battery, and the battery capacity of the preset coordinate points.

[0261] In some embodiments, the pole determination device can input the pole diameters corresponding to multiple coordinate points, the voltages corresponding to multiple coordinate points, the cutoff voltage of the target battery, and the battery capacity of the preset coordinate points into a fifth preset relationship to calculate the target distance.

[0262] Based on this, some embodiments of this disclosure can determine the distance between the first coordinate point and the pole, i.e., the target distance, by determining the polar radius corresponding to each of multiple coordinate points on the target curve, and then by determining the polar radius corresponding to each of the multiple coordinate points, the voltage corresponding to each of the multiple coordinate points, the cutoff voltage corresponding to the target battery, and the battery capacity of the preset coordinate points. This supports the subsequent determination of the position of the target polar coordinate system pole based on the target distance and the preset direction. Therefore, some embodiments of this disclosure can accurately determine the position of the pole in the polar coordinate system when constructing polar coordinates.

[0263] In some embodiments, when determining the pole of the target polar coordinate system based on the target distance and the preset direction, the pole determination method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure further includes the following step: S31.

[0264] S31. The pole determination device determines the point on the polar axis that is at the target distance from the first coordinate point and is in a preset direction as the pole of the target polar coordinate system.

[0265] In some embodiments, the pole determining device can determine the point on the polar axis that is a target distance from the first coordinate point and is in a preset direction as the pole of the target coordinate system.

[0266] For example, as shown in Figure 16, the target distance is 5, the first coordinate point is the first coordinate point from left to right on the target curve, and the preset direction is left. The pole determination device can determine the point on the polar axis that is 5 distances from the first coordinate point and is to the left of the first coordinate point as the pole of the target polar coordinate system.

[0267] Based on this, some embodiments of this disclosure can determine the pole of the target polar coordinate system according to the target distance and a preset direction. Therefore, some embodiments of this disclosure can accurately determine the position of the pole in the polar coordinate system when constructing the polar coordinates.

[0268] The pole determination method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure further includes the following steps: S41-S42.

[0269] S41, The pole determination device acquires the current and ambient temperature of the target battery during operation.

[0270] In some embodiments, the pole determination device may be configured with a data acquisition device. The data acquisition device can acquire the current and ambient temperature of the target battery during operation.

[0271] In some embodiments, the pole determination device may send an acquisition instruction to the data acquisition device to acquire the current and ambient temperature of the target battery during operation.

[0272] The data acquisition device can respond to an acquisition command, acquire and send the acquisition command for the target battery's operating current and ambient temperature to the pole determination device. The pole determination device can receive the acquisition command for the target battery's operating current and ambient temperature sent by the data acquisition device.

[0273] In some embodiments, the data acquisition device may include a temperature measuring device. The temperature measuring device may be used to measure the ambient temperature.

[0274] S42, The pole determination device determines the target rule corresponding to the current and ambient temperature from multiple preset rules.

[0275] For example, preset rules can be established based on the mapping relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery under preset current and preset ambient temperature.

[0276] In some embodiments, the mapping relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery differs under different preset currents and preset ambient temperatures. The pole determination device can determine the target rule from multiple preset rules based on the acquired current and ambient temperature.

[0277] Based on this, some embodiments of this disclosure can take into account the mapping relationship between the voltage and capacity of the target battery under different currents and ambient temperatures, thereby enabling accurate determination of the position of the pole in the polar coordinates when constructing the polar coordinates.

[0278] As shown in Figure 17, the pole determination method includes the following steps: S51-S53.

[0279] S51, The pole determination device acquires the target curve corresponding to the target battery.

[0280] S52. The pole determination device determines the distance between the first coordinate point on the target curve and the pole.

[0281] S53. The pole determination device determines the position of the pole based on the distance between the first data point on the target curve and the pole.

[0282] In some embodiments, the pole determination device can acquire the charging profile of the target battery (e.g., the charging profile of an LEP battery at 0.1C charging at room temperature).

[0283] For example, during battery charging, a pole identification device can acquire the voltage and current signals of the target battery. The device can then integrate the current over time to obtain the battery capacity being charged at the current stage. Based on the charged battery capacity and voltage, the device can construct a target curve.

[0284] In some embodiments, the pole determination device can normalize the target curve according to the sixteenth formula to obtain the curve between voltage and battery capacity change rate. The sixteenth formula is:

[0285] Here, Δx can be used to represent the rate of change of battery capacity. ΔQ can be used to represent the amount of change in battery capacity. Q can be used to represent the nominal capacity.

[0286] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of another curve relating voltage to battery capacity change rate according to some embodiments.

[0287] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG18, the pole determination device can determine the distance between the first coordinate point and the pole in the target curve. The pole determination device can determine the distance between the first coordinate point and the pole as 0 when the preceding operating condition of the target curve is a full-load condition.

[0288] For example, referring to Figure 18, the pole determination device can determine that the distance between the first coordinate point and the pole in the target curve in Figure 18 is 0.2199.

[0289] In some embodiments, the pole determination device can determine the polar axis as the cutoff voltage of 3.65 volts when the target battery is charging. The pole determination device can determine the point on the polar axis that is a target distance from the first coordinate point and is in a preset direction as the pole of the target polar coordinate system.

[0290] For example, in Figure 19, the coordinates of the pole are (-0.2199, 3.65).

[0291] In some embodiments, the pole determination device can acquire the discharge curve of the target battery (e.g., the discharge curve of an LEP battery at 0.1C discharge at room temperature).

[0292] For example, during battery discharge, a pole identification device can acquire the voltage and current signals of the target battery. The device can then integrate the current over time to obtain the battery capacity being charged at the current stage. Based on the charged battery capacity and voltage, the device can construct a target curve.

[0293] In some embodiments, the pole determination device can normalize the target curve according to the sixteenth formula to obtain the curve between voltage and battery capacity change rate. The sixteenth formula is:

[0294] Here, Δx can be used to represent the rate of change of battery capacity. ΔQ can be used to represent the amount of change in battery capacity. Q can be used to represent the nominal capacity.

[0295] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG20, the pole determination device can determine the distance between the first coordinate point and the pole in the target curve. The pole determination device can determine the distance between the first coordinate point and the pole as 0 when the preceding operating condition of the target curve is a full-charge condition.

[0296] For example, referring to Figure 20, the pole determination device can determine that the distance between the first coordinate point in the target curve in Figure 20 and the pole is 0.4135.

[0297] In some embodiments, the pole determining device can determine the cutoff voltage of 2.5 volts when the target battery is discharged as the polar axis. The pole determining device can determine the point on the polar axis that is a distance from the first coordinate point to the target and is in a preset direction as the pole of the target polar coordinate system. In Figure 21, the pole position coordinates are (-0.4135, 2.5).

[0298] The foregoing mainly describes the solutions provided by some embodiments of this disclosure from a methodological perspective. To achieve the above functions, the pole determination apparatus or electronic device includes at least one of the hardware structures or software modules corresponding to each function.

[0299] It should be noted that the implementation of the pole determination device or electronic device can refer to the implementation of the state of charge determination device or electronic device as described above, and this disclosure will not repeat it further.

[0300] Referring to FIG22, the pole determination device includes: an acquisition unit 501 and a determination unit 502;

[0301] In some embodiments, the acquisition unit 501 is used to acquire the target curve corresponding to the target battery.

[0302] In some embodiments, the determining unit 502 is used to determine the target distance based on the target rules and the target curve.

[0303] In some embodiments, the determining unit 502 is further configured to determine the pole of the target polar coordinate system based on the target distance and the preset direction, wherein the preset direction is used to characterize the direction of the pole of the target polar coordinate system relative to the first coordinate point.

[0304] In some embodiments, the determining unit 502 is configured to: determine the voltage corresponding to each of the plurality of coordinate points, the cutoff voltage corresponding to the target battery, and the battery capacity corresponding to the second coordinate point; determine the electrode diameter corresponding to each of the plurality of coordinate points according to a fourth preset relationship and the voltage corresponding to each of the plurality of coordinate points; and determine the target distance according to a fifth preset relationship, the electrode diameter corresponding to each of the plurality of coordinate points, the voltage corresponding to each of the plurality of coordinate points, the cutoff voltage corresponding to the target battery, and the battery capacity of the preset coordinate points.

[0305] In some embodiments, the determining unit 502 is configured to: determine a point on the polar axis that is a target distance from the first coordinate point and is in a preset direction as the pole of the target polar coordinate system.

[0306] In some embodiments, the acquisition unit 501 is further configured to acquire the ambient temperature and the current when the target battery is operating.

[0307] In some embodiments, the determining unit 502 is further configured to determine a target rule corresponding to the current and ambient temperature from a plurality of preset rules.

[0308] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the manner in which each module performs its operations has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0309] Some embodiments of this disclosure also provide an electronic device 600, which is used to implement the pole determination method in the above embodiments. The structure and implementation of the electronic device 600 can be referred to the electronic device 600 for implementing the state of charge determination method in the above embodiments, and will not be described again in this disclosure.

[0310] In actual implementation, the functions of the acquisition unit 501 and the determination unit 502 in Figure 11 can both be implemented by the processor 601 in Figure 12 calling the computer program stored in the memory 602. The execution process can be referred to the description in the method section of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0311] The coordinate system transformation method can effectively solve the problem of large SOC value error. However, the coordinate system transformation method requires determining the radial distance corresponding to the point on the battery voltage characteristic curve. The relevant technology does not perform coordinate system transformation on the mapping relationship between the battery dynamic voltage value and battery capacity, so it is impossible to determine the radial distance of the battery. Therefore, how to determine the radial distance is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0312] To address the aforementioned issues, some embodiments of this disclosure propose a radial distance determination method. The mapping relationship includes the radial distance of the battery under various temperature and current conditions. This allows for the accurate determination of the target radial distance of the battery under target temperature and current conditions based on the mapping relationship. Consequently, the SOC value of the battery at the current moment can be determined based on the target radial distance, improving the accuracy of both the radial distance and the battery's SOC value.

[0313] Furthermore, this method can detect the battery's operating status by using target temperature, target current, and target radial distance, so as to control the battery to operate under suitable current and temperature conditions, thereby improving the battery's lifespan and timely detecting abnormal battery conditions for fault prediction and prevention.

[0314] It should be noted that this radial distance determination method can be applied to the charge state determination method in any of the above embodiments to obtain the radial distance (i.e., polar radius) of the target polar coordinate system in any of the above embodiments.

[0315] For ease of understanding, the radial distance determination method provided by some embodiments of this disclosure is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0316] As shown in Figure 23, the radial distance determination method includes the following steps S231-S232.

[0317] S231. Obtain the target temperature and target current of the battery at the current moment.

[0318] In some embodiments, the determining device may acquire the target temperature and target current of the battery at the current moment in order to query the target radial distance corresponding to the target temperature and target current based on the target temperature and target current.

[0319] For example, the determining device can acquire the target temperature and target current of the battery at the current moment through temperature sensors and current sensors, or the determining device can also acquire the target temperature and target current of the battery at the current moment through the data acquisition module of the BMS.

[0320] S232. Based on the mapping relationship, determine the target radial distance corresponding to the target temperature and target current.

[0321] For example, the mapping relationship is the correspondence between the battery's temperature, current and radial distance during operation. The target radial distance is used to reflect the difference between the battery's voltage and cutoff voltage and the battery's charge when the battery is at the target temperature and target current.

[0322] In some embodiments, after the determining device acquires the target temperature and target current of the battery at the current moment, it can determine the target radial distance corresponding to the target temperature and target current at the current moment based on the mapping relationship between temperature, current and radial distance, so as to determine the SOC value of the battery based on the target radial distance.

[0323] It is understandable that the radial distance is the distance between a point on the voltage characteristic curve and the reference point in the target coordinate system when the battery's voltage characteristic curve is transformed from its current coordinate system to the target coordinate system.

[0324] The target coordinate system includes any of the following: polar coordinate system, cylindrical coordinate system, spherical coordinate system, etc. Voltage characteristic curves include: charging voltage characteristic curve and discharging voltage characteristic curve.

[0325] The coordinate system containing the voltage characteristic curve includes a first axis and a second axis that are perpendicular to each other. The first axis is used to represent the battery voltage value, and the second axis is used to represent the battery charge. The reference point is the mapping point of the battery's value in the voltage characteristic curve when it is fully charged or fully discharged onto the reference line. The reference line is parallel to the second axis, and the voltage value at the intersection of the reference line and the first axis is the battery's cutoff voltage.

[0326] The device determines the target radial distance based on the target temperature and target current, representing the correspondence between the battery voltage value and the radial distance. The device can also acquire the battery voltage value at the current moment, and thus determine the radial distance at the current moment based on the current voltage value and the target radial distance. This allows the device to determine the offset angle at the current moment based on the radial distance, and then determine the battery's SOC value at the current moment based on the correspondence between the offset angle and the battery's SOC value. For example, the offset angle is the angle between the radial distance line segment and the baseline in the target coordinate system.

[0327] In some embodiments, before determining the target radial distance corresponding to the target temperature and target current based on the mapping relationship, the determining device may also construct a mapping relationship based on the battery's charging voltage characteristic curve and discharging voltage characteristic curve, so as to determine the target radial distance corresponding to the target temperature and target current based on the mapping relationship.

[0328] For example, radial distance includes: a first radial distance when the battery is charging and a second radial distance when the battery is discharging.

[0329] The mapping relationships include: a first mapping relationship and a second mapping relationship. The first mapping relationship is the correspondence between the battery's current and temperature during charging and the first radial distance. The second mapping relationship is the correspondence between the battery's current and temperature during discharging and the second radial distance.

[0330] The first radial distance is the distance from a point on the battery's charging voltage characteristic curve to a first reference point. The first reference point is the value of the battery's charging cut-off voltage on the voltage axis in the coordinate system containing the charging voltage characteristic curve. The second radial distance is the distance from a point on the battery's discharging voltage characteristic curve to a second reference point. The second reference point is the value of the battery's discharging cut-off voltage on the voltage axis in the coordinate system containing the discharging voltage characteristic curve. Therefore, as shown in Figure 24, before step S231 above, the radial distance determination method in some embodiments of this disclosure further includes the following step S240.

[0331] S240, Construct the first mapping relationship and the second mapping relationship.

[0332] In some embodiments, the determining device may construct a first mapping relationship and a second mapping relationship based on the battery's charging voltage characteristic curve and discharging voltage characteristic curve, respectively.

[0333] For example, the determining device can construct a first mapping relationship between the current and temperature of the battery and the first radial distance when the battery is in a charging state, based on the correspondence between the current of the battery and the first radial distance, and the correspondence between the temperature of the battery and the first radial distance.

[0334] For example, the determining device can also construct a second mapping relationship between the current, temperature and second radial distance of the battery during discharge, based on the correspondence between the current and the second radial distance of the battery when the battery is in a discharge state, and the correspondence between the temperature and the second radial distance of the battery.

[0335] In some embodiments, the determining device can determine a third mapping relationship between the battery current during charging and the first radial distance, and a fourth mapping relationship between the battery temperature during charging and the first radial distance, thereby constructing a first mapping relationship based on the third and fourth mapping relationships. Therefore, as shown in FIG25, the above-mentioned construction of the first mapping relationship can be implemented as follows: steps S251-S252.

[0336] S251. When the battery is in a charging state, determine the third mapping relationship between the battery current and the first radial distance, and the fourth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the first radial distance.

[0337] In some embodiments, the determining device may determine a third mapping relationship between the battery current and the first radial distance, and a fourth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the first radial distance, respectively, when the battery is in a charging state, so that the determining device can construct a first mapping relationship based on the third mapping relationship and the fourth mapping relationship.

[0338] For example, the determining device can determine the first radial distance corresponding to multiple different charging currents based on multiple first charging voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different charging current conditions, and thus determine the third mapping relationship between the battery current and the first radial distance when the battery is in a charging state based on the multiple different charging currents and the multiple different charging currents corresponding to the first radial distances.

[0339] For example, the determining device can also determine the first radial distance corresponding to multiple different temperatures based on multiple second charging voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different temperature conditions, and thus determine the fourth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the first radial distance when the battery is in a charging state based on multiple different temperatures and the first radial distance corresponding to multiple different temperatures.

[0340] S252. Based on the third and fourth mapping relationships, determine the first mapping relationship between the current and temperature of the battery during charging and the first radial distance.

[0341] In some embodiments, after determining a third mapping relationship between the battery current and the first radial distance, and a fourth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the first radial distance when the battery is in a charging state, the determining device can construct a first mapping relationship between the battery current, temperature and the first radial distance during charging based on the third mapping relationship and the fourth mapping relationship.

[0342] For example, based on the third and fourth mapping relationships, the determining device can determine that the first radial distance is both a function of the battery's charging current and a function of the battery's temperature. Furthermore, the first radial distance can also be used to determine the offset angle, so the first radial distance is also a function of the offset angle.

[0343] Therefore, the determining device can use the following expression to determine the first mapping relationship between the first radial distance and the battery temperature, battery charging current, and offset angle: r1=f1(θ,T,I charging );

[0344] Where r1 represents the first radial distance, f1 represents the first mapping relationship, θ represents the offset angle, T represents the battery temperature, and I charging This indicates the battery's charging current.

[0345] In some embodiments, the battery temperature range is -20°C to 50°C, and the battery charging current range is 0°C to 3°C. If a data table is used to represent the first mapping relationship between the battery current, temperature and first radial distance during charging, the determining device can take a temperature interval of 5°C for a total of 15 dimensions and a current interval of 0.2°C for a total of 16 dimensions.

[0346] If the first radial distance and offset angle under different charging current conditions are placed in one data table, and the first radial distance and offset angle under different temperature conditions are represented by different data tables, then 15 16-dimensional data tables can be obtained.

[0347] If the first radial distance and offset angle under different temperature conditions are placed in one data table, and the first radial distance and offset angle under different charging current conditions are represented by different data tables, then 16 15-dimensional data tables can be obtained.

[0348] In some embodiments, the determining device can determine the first radial distance of the battery under multiple charging current conditions by acquiring multiple first charging voltage curves of the battery under multiple different charging current conditions, and then fit the first radial distance under multiple charging current conditions to obtain a third mapping relationship.

[0349] Therefore, as shown in Figure 26, the determination of the third mapping relationship between the battery current and the first radial distance when the battery is in a charging state can be implemented as follows: steps S261-S263.

[0350] S261. Obtain multiple first charging voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different charging current conditions.

[0351] In some embodiments, the determining device may acquire multiple first charging voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different charging current conditions.

[0352] For example, the device can allow the battery to remain stationary for a preset time until the battery temperature reaches a target temperature, such as room temperature or 10°C.

[0353] The device determines that the battery is charged to the charging cutoff voltage at a constant current at the target rate. Set the battery to stand still for a preset time, then discharge it to the discharge cutoff voltage using a 0.5C current. Switch to discharging the battery to the discharge cutoff voltage using a 0.05C current. This is to ensure that the battery is completely discharged to avoid affecting the experimental data.

[0354] The determining device can acquire the first charging voltage characteristic curve of the battery under the constant current charging current condition of the target rate, and repeat the above steps until the determining device acquires multiple first charging voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different charging current conditions.

[0355] In some embodiments, the preset duration is the time required for the battery temperature to reach the target temperature, for example, 2 hours. The target rate constant current is a constant current at a portion of the battery's rated capacity, and the target rate constant current includes: 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.5C, 0.75C, 1.0C, 1.5C, 2.0C, 3.0C, etc. The preset duration, target temperature, and target rate constant current can be set by relevant management personnel according to actual conditions, and this disclosure does not limit this. The selection of the target rate constant current needs to cover the maximum current range that the battery is allowed to charge.

[0356] For example, Figure 27 shows multiple charging voltage characteristic curves of an LFP battery under different charging current conditions when the battery temperature is at room temperature. The horizontal axis represents the battery's capacity Q in Ah, and the vertical axis represents the battery's voltage value in V. The relationship between voltage and battery capacity in the multiple charging voltage characteristic curves is shown in Figure 27.

[0357] Figure 28 shows multiple charging voltage characteristic curves of LFP batteries under different charging current conditions when the battery temperature is 10℃. The horizontal axis represents the battery capacity Q in Ah, and the vertical axis represents the battery voltage in V. The relationship between the voltage value and the battery capacity in the multiple charging voltage characteristic curves is shown in Figure 28.

[0358] S262. Based on multiple first charging voltage characteristic curves, determine the first radial distance of the battery under each charging current condition.

[0359] In some embodiments, after acquiring multiple first charging voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different charging current conditions, the determining device can determine the first radial distance of the battery under each charging current condition based on the multiple first charging voltage characteristic curves.

[0360] For example, the determining device can determine the first radial distance of the battery under each charging current condition using the following expression:

[0361] Where V represents the voltage value corresponding to a point on the first charging voltage characteristic curve. R represents the battery's charging cutoff voltage, r1 represents the first radial distance, θ represents the offset angle, and Q represents the battery's charge level corresponding to the point on the first charging voltage characteristic curve.

[0362] In some embodiments, when the LFP battery is at room temperature, the correspondence between the first radial distance and offset angle of the battery under multiple different charging current conditions is shown in Table 8.

[0363] Table 8

[0364] As shown in Table 8, the values ​​of the offset angle θ include: 0.000, -0.079, -0.157, -0.236, -0.314, -0.393, -0.471, -0.550, -0.628, -0.707, -0.785, -0.864, -0.942, -1.021, -1.100, -1.178, -1.257, -1.335, -1.414, -1.492, and -1.571. Multiple charging current conditions include: 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.5C, 1.0C, 1.5C, and 2.0C. The values ​​of the first radial distance corresponding to the offset angle under each charging current condition are shown in Table 8 and will not be repeated here.

[0365] Table 9 shows the relationship between the first radial distance and offset angle of the LFP battery under multiple different charging current conditions at 10℃.

[0366] Table 9

[0367] As shown in Table 9, the values ​​of the offset angle θ include: 0.000, -0.079, -0.157, -0.236, -0.314, -0.393, -0.471, -0.550, -0.628, -0.707, -0.785, -0.864, -0.942, -1.021, -1.100, -1.178, -1.257, -1.335, -1.414, -1.492, and -1.571. Multiple charging current conditions include: 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.5C, and 1.0C. The values ​​of the first radial distance corresponding to the offset angle under each charging current condition are shown in Table 9 and will not be repeated here.

[0368] S263. Fit the first radial distance under multiple charging current conditions to determine the third mapping relationship between the battery current and the first radial distance when the battery is charging.

[0369] In some embodiments, after determining the first radial distance of the battery under each charging current condition based on multiple first charging voltage characteristic curves, the determining device can perform fitting processing on the first radial distance under multiple charging current conditions to determine a third mapping relationship between the battery current and the first radial distance when the battery is in a charging state.

[0370] For example, the determining device can fit the first radial distance under multiple charging current conditions using the following expression to determine the third mapping relationship: r1=aI 2 +bI+c;

[0371] Where a, b, and c represent the coefficients to be fitted, r1 represents the first radial distance, and I represents multiple charging current conditions.

[0372] It is understandable that the fitting methods include at least one of the following: exponential function, logarithmic function, power function, Gaussian function, and least squares method.

[0373] For example, as shown in Figure 29, the horizontal axis represents the charging rate C-rate, with a value range of 0-3.5, and the vertical axis represents the first radial distance Polar. For instance, in Figure 29, the offset angles θ corresponding to the curves after fitting the first radial distance under multiple charging current conditions based on the above expression are -0.74, -0.63, -0.78, and -0.94, respectively. The circled points are labeled as measured values, and the other points on the curve are labeled as fitted estimated values.

[0374] In some embodiments, when the battery is at 10°C, the fitting results of the first radial distance of the charging current in the range of 0≤I≤2C are shown in Table 10.

[0375] Table 10

[0376] As shown in Table 10, the values ​​of the offset angle θ include: 0.000, -0.079, -0.157, -0.236, -0.314, -0.393, -0.471, -0.550, -0.628, -0.707, -0.785, -0.864, -0.942, -1.021, -1.100, -1.178, -1.257, -1.335, -1.414, -1.492, and -1.571. The values ​​of the charging current include: 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.4C, 0.6C, 0.8C, 1.0C, 1.2C, 1.4C, 1.6C, 1.8C, and 2.0C. The values ​​of the first radial distance corresponding to the offset angle under each charging current condition are shown in Table 10, and will not be repeated here.

[0377] In some embodiments, the determining device can determine the first radial distance of the battery under multiple temperature conditions by acquiring multiple second charging voltage curves of the battery under multiple different temperature conditions, and then fit the first radial distance under multiple temperature conditions to obtain a fourth mapping relationship.

[0378] Therefore, as shown in Figure 30, the fourth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the first radial distance when the battery is in a charging state can be implemented as follows: steps S801-S803.

[0379] S801. Obtain multiple second charging voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different temperature conditions.

[0380] In some embodiments, the determining device may acquire multiple second charging voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different temperature conditions.

[0381] For example, the determining device can set the battery temperature environment to a target temperature and perform the step of obtaining the battery charging voltage characteristic curve in step S261 above, thereby obtaining multiple second charging voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different temperature conditions.

[0382] In some embodiments, the target temperature can be set by relevant management personnel according to actual needs. For example, the target temperature includes -20℃, -10℃, 0℃, 15℃, 25℃, 35℃, 45℃, etc. This disclosure does not limit it.

[0383] S802. Based on multiple second charging voltage characteristic curves, determine the first radial distance of the battery under each temperature condition.

[0384] In some embodiments, after acquiring multiple second charging voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different temperature conditions, the determining device can determine the first radial distance of the battery under each temperature condition based on the multiple second charging voltage characteristic curves.

[0385] For example, the determining device can determine the first radial distance of the battery under each temperature condition by determining the expression of the first radial distance of the battery under each charging current condition in step S262 above.

[0386] S803. Fit the first radial distance under multiple temperature conditions to determine the fourth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the first radial distance when the battery is in the charging state.

[0387] In some embodiments, after determining the first radial distance of the battery under each temperature condition based on multiple second charging voltage characteristic curves, the determining device can perform fitting processing on the first radial distance under multiple temperature conditions to determine a fourth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the first radial distance when the battery is in a charging state.

[0388] For example, the determining device can fit the first radial distance under multiple temperature conditions using the following expression to determine the fourth mapping relationship: r1=aT 2 +bT+c;

[0389] Where a, b, and c represent the coefficients to be fitted, r1 represents the first radial distance, and T represents multiple temperature conditions.

[0390] For example, as shown in Figure 31, the horizontal axis represents temperature T, with the unit being °C and a value range of -10 to 50, and the vertical axis represents the first radial distance Polar.

[0391] In Figure 31, the offset angles θ corresponding to the curves after fitting the first radial distance under multiple temperature conditions based on the above expression are -0.74, -0.63, -0.78 and -0.94, respectively.

[0392] The circled points represent measured values, while the other points on the curve represent fitted estimated values.

[0393] In some embodiments, the fitting results of the first radial distance under multiple temperature conditions at a charging current of 0.1C are shown in Table 11.

[0394] Table 11

[0395] As shown in Table 11, the values ​​of the offset angle θ include: 0.000, -0.079, -0.157, -0.236, -0.314, -0.393, -0.471, -0.550, -0.628, -0.707, -0.785, -0.864, -0.942, -1.021, -1.100, -1.178, -1.257, -1.335, -1.414, -1.492, and -1.571. The temperature values ​​include: -10℃, 5℃, 0℃, 5℃, 10℃, 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, 35℃, 40℃, 45℃, and 50℃. The values ​​of the first radial distance corresponding to the offset angle under each temperature condition are shown in Table 11 and will not be repeated here.

[0396] In some embodiments, the determining device can determine a fifth mapping relationship between the battery's current during discharge and the second radial distance, and a sixth mapping relationship between the battery's temperature during discharge and the second radial distance, thereby constructing a second mapping relationship based on the fifth and sixth mapping relationships. Therefore, as shown in FIG32, the above-mentioned construction of the second mapping relationship can be implemented as follows: steps S1001-S1002.

[0397] S1001. When the battery is in a discharging state, determine the fifth mapping relationship between the battery current and the second radial distance, and the sixth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the second radial distance.

[0398] In some embodiments, the determining device may determine a fifth mapping relationship between the battery current and the second radial distance, and a sixth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the second radial distance, respectively, when the battery is in a discharging state, so that the determining device can construct a second mapping relationship based on the fifth mapping relationship and the sixth mapping relationship.

[0399] For example, the determining device can determine the second radial distance corresponding to multiple different discharge currents based on multiple first discharge voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different discharge current conditions, and thus determine the fifth mapping relationship between the battery current and the second radial distance when the battery is in a discharge state based on multiple different discharge currents and the second radial distance corresponding to multiple different discharge currents.

[0400] The determining device can also determine the second radial distance corresponding to multiple different temperatures based on multiple second discharge voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different temperature conditions, thereby determining the sixth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the second radial distance when the battery is in a discharge state based on multiple different temperatures and the second radial distance corresponding to multiple different temperatures.

[0401] S1002. Based on the fifth and sixth mapping relationships, determine the second mapping relationship between the current and temperature of the battery during discharge and the second radial distance.

[0402] In some embodiments, after determining the fifth mapping relationship between the battery current and the second radial distance, and the sixth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the second radial distance when the battery is in a discharging state, the determining device can construct a second mapping relationship between the battery current, temperature and the second radial distance during discharge based on the fifth mapping relationship and the sixth mapping relationship.

[0403] For example, based on the fifth and sixth mapping relationships, the determining device can determine that the second radial distance is both a function of the battery's discharge current and a function of the battery's temperature. Furthermore, the second radial distance can also be used to determine the offset angle, so the second radial distance is also a function of the offset angle.

[0404] Therefore, the determining device can use the following expression to determine the second mapping relationship between the second radial distance and the battery temperature, battery discharge current, and offset angle: r2=f2(θ,T,I discharging );

[0405] Where r2 represents the second radial distance, f2 represents the second mapping relationship, θ represents the offset angle, T represents the battery temperature, and I discharging This indicates the battery's discharge current.

[0406] It is understandable that the battery temperature range is -20℃ to 50℃ and the battery discharge current range is 0C to 3C. If the second mapping relationship between the battery current, temperature and second radial distance during discharge is represented by the data table, the determining device can take a temperature interval of 5℃, for a total of 15 dimensions, and a current interval of 0.2C, for a total of 16 dimensions.

[0407] If the second radial distance and offset angle under different discharge current conditions are placed in one data table, and the second radial distance and offset angle under different temperature conditions are represented by different data tables, then 15 16-dimensional data tables can be obtained. If the second radial distance and offset angle under different temperature conditions are placed in one data table, and the second radial distance and offset angle under different discharge current conditions are represented by different data tables, then 16 15-dimensional data tables can be obtained.

[0408] In some embodiments, the determining device can determine the second radial distance of the battery under multiple discharge current conditions by acquiring multiple first discharge voltage curves of the battery under multiple different discharge current conditions, and then fit the first radial distance under multiple discharge current conditions to obtain a fifth mapping relationship. Therefore, as shown in FIG33, the determination of the fifth mapping relationship between the battery current and the second radial distance when the battery is in a discharge state can be implemented as follows: steps S1101-S1103.

[0409] S1101. Obtain multiple first discharge voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different discharge current conditions.

[0410] In some embodiments, the determining device may acquire multiple first discharge voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different discharge current conditions.

[0411] For example, the device can allow the battery to remain stationary for a preset time until the battery temperature reaches a target temperature, such as room temperature or 10°C.

[0412] The device determines that the battery is charged to the charging cutoff voltage at a current of 0.5C. Switch to charging the battery to the charging cutoff voltage at a current of 0.05C. To ensure the battery is fully charged and to avoid affecting experimental data, the battery is left idle for a preset time, then discharged at a constant current at the target rate until the discharge cutoff voltage is reached.

[0413] The determining device can acquire the first discharge voltage characteristic curve of the battery under the constant current discharge current condition of the target rate. The above steps are repeated until the determining device acquires multiple first discharge voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different discharge current conditions.

[0414] For example, target rate constant current includes: 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.5C, 0.75C, 1.0C, 1.5C, 2.0C, 3.0C, etc. The preset duration, target temperature, and target rate constant current can be set by relevant management personnel according to actual conditions, and this disclosure does not limit this. The selection of the target rate constant current needs to cover the maximum allowable discharge current range of the battery.

[0415] For example, Figure 34 shows multiple discharge voltage characteristic curves of an LFP battery under different discharge current conditions when the battery temperature is at room temperature. The horizontal axis represents the battery capacity Q in Ah, and the vertical axis represents the battery voltage in V. The relationship between the voltage value and the battery capacity in the multiple discharge voltage characteristic curves is shown in Figure 34.

[0416] Figure 35 shows a schematic diagram of multiple discharge voltage characteristic curves of an LFP battery under different discharge current conditions when the battery temperature is 10℃. The horizontal axis represents the battery capacity Q in Ah, and the vertical axis represents the battery voltage in V. The relationship between the voltage value and the battery capacity in the multiple discharge voltage characteristic curves is shown in Figure 35.

[0417] S1102. Based on multiple first discharge voltage characteristic curves, determine the second radial distance of the battery under each discharge current condition.

[0418] In some embodiments, after acquiring multiple first discharge voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different discharge current conditions, the determining device can determine the second radial distance of the battery under each discharge current condition based on the multiple first discharge voltage characteristic curves.

[0419] For example, the determining device can determine the second radial distance of the battery under each discharge current condition using the following expression:

[0420] Where V represents the voltage value corresponding to a point on the first discharge voltage characteristic curve. R represents the battery's discharge cutoff voltage, r2 represents the second radial distance, θ represents the offset angle, and Q represents the battery's charge corresponding to the point on the first discharge voltage characteristic curve.

[0421] For example, Figure 36 is a schematic diagram of the discharge voltage characteristic curves of another battery according to some embodiments under multiple different current conditions; as shown in Figure 36, the horizontal axis represents the battery's charge Q, in Ah, and the vertical axis represents the battery's voltage value, in V. The second radial distance between points on the discharge voltage curve is r, and the offset angle is θ. The vertical axis of the battery represents the difference between the voltage value and the battery's discharge cutoff voltage, i.e., VV. cutoff .

[0422] In some embodiments, when the LFP battery is at room temperature, the correspondence between the second radial distance and offset angle of the battery under multiple different discharge current conditions is shown in Table 12.

[0423] Table 12

[0424] As shown in Table 12, the values ​​of the offset angle θ include: 0.000, 0.079, 0.157, 0.236, 0.314, 0.393, 0.471, 0.550, 0.628, 0.707, 0.785, 0.864, 0.942, 1.021, 1.100, 1.178, 1.257, 1.335, 1.414, 1.492, and 1.571. Multiple discharge current conditions include: 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.5C, 1.0C, 1.5C, and 2.0C. The values ​​of the second radial distance corresponding to the offset angle under each discharge current condition are shown in Table 12 and will not be repeated here.

[0425] Table 13 shows the relationship between the second radial distance and offset angle of the LFP battery under multiple different discharge current conditions at 10℃.

[0426] Table 13

[0427] As shown in Table 13, the values ​​of the offset angle θ include: 0.000, 0.079, 0.157, 0.236, 0.314, 0.393, 0.471, 0.550, 0.628, 0.707, 0.785, 0.864, 0.942, 1.021, 1.100, 1.178, 1.257, 1.335, 1.414, 1.492, and 1.571. Multiple discharge current conditions include: 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.5C, and 1.0C. The values ​​of the second radial distance corresponding to the offset angle under each discharge current condition are shown in Table 13 and will not be repeated here.

[0428] S1103. Fit the second radial distance under multiple discharge current conditions to determine the fifth mapping relationship between the battery current and the second radial distance when the battery is in discharge state.

[0429] In some embodiments, after determining the second radial distance of the battery under each discharge current condition based on multiple first discharge voltage characteristic curves, the determining device can perform fitting processing on the second radial distance under multiple discharge current conditions to determine a fifth mapping relationship between the battery current and the second radial distance when the battery is in a discharge state.

[0430] For example, the determining device can fit the second radial distance under multiple discharge current conditions using the following expression to determine the fifth mapping relationship: r2=aI 2 +bI+c;

[0431] Where a, b, and c represent the coefficients to be fitted, r2 represents the second radial distance, and I represents multiple discharge current conditions.

[0432] In some embodiments, when the battery is at 10°C, the fitting results of the second radial distance of the discharge current in the range of 0≤I≤2C are shown in Table 14.

[0433] Table 14

[0434] As shown in Table 14, the offset angle θ values ​​include: 0.000, 0.079, 0.157, 0.236, 0.314, 0.393, 0.471, 0.550, 0.628, 0.707, 0.785, 0.864, 0.942, 1.021, 1.100, 1.178, 1.257, 1.335, 1.414, 1.492, and 1.571. The discharge current values ​​include: 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.4C, 0.6C, 0.8C, 1.0C, 1.2C, 1.4C, 1.6C, 1.8C, and 2.0C. The values ​​of the second radial distance corresponding to the offset angle under each discharge current condition are shown in Table 14 and will not be repeated here.

[0435] In some embodiments, the determining device can determine the second radial distance of the battery under multiple temperature conditions by acquiring multiple second discharge voltage curves of the battery under multiple different temperature conditions, and then fit the second radial distance under multiple temperature conditions to obtain a sixth mapping relationship.

[0436] Therefore, as shown in Figure 37, the sixth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the second radial distance when the battery is in a discharging state can be implemented as follows: steps S1501-S1503.

[0437] S1501. Obtain multiple second discharge voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different temperature conditions.

[0438] In some embodiments, the determining device may acquire multiple second discharge voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different temperature conditions.

[0439] For example, the determining device can set the battery's temperature environment to a target temperature and perform the step of obtaining the battery's discharge voltage characteristic curve in step S1101 above, thereby obtaining multiple second discharge voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different temperature conditions.

[0440] In some embodiments, the target temperature can be set by relevant management personnel according to the actual situation, such as -20℃, -10℃, 0℃, 15℃, 25℃, 35℃, 45℃, etc., and this disclosure does not limit it.

[0441] S1502. Based on multiple second discharge voltage characteristic curves, determine the second radial distance of the battery under each temperature condition.

[0442] In some embodiments, after acquiring multiple second discharge voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different temperature conditions, the determining device can determine the second radial distance of the battery under each temperature condition based on the multiple second discharge voltage characteristic curves.

[0443] For example, the determining device can determine the second radial distance of the battery under each temperature condition by determining the expression of the second radial distance of the battery under each discharge current condition in step S1102 above.

[0444] S1503. Fit the second radial distance under multiple temperature conditions to determine the sixth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the second radial distance when the battery is in discharge state.

[0445] In some embodiments, after determining the second radial distance of the battery under each temperature condition based on multiple second discharge voltage characteristic curves, the determining device can perform fitting processing on the second radial distance under multiple temperature conditions to determine a sixth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the second radial distance when the battery is in a discharge state.

[0446] For example, the determining device can fit the second radial distance under multiple temperature conditions using the following expression to determine the sixth mapping relationship: r2=aT 2 +bT+c;

[0447] Where a, b, and c represent the coefficients to be fitted, r2 represents the second radial distance, and T represents multiple temperature conditions.

[0448] In some embodiments, the fitting results of the second radial distance under multiple temperature conditions at a discharge current of 0.1C are shown in Table 15.

[0449] Table 15

[0450] As shown in Table 15, the values ​​of the offset angle θ include: 0.000, 0.079, 0.157, 0.236, 0.314, 0.393, 0.471, 0.550, 0.628, 0.707, 0.785, 0.864, 0.942, 1.021, 1.100, 1.178, 1.257, 1.335, 1.414, 1.492, and 1.571. The temperature values ​​include: -10℃, 5℃, 0℃, 5℃, 10℃, 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, 35℃, 40℃, 45℃, and 50℃. The values ​​of the second radial distance corresponding to the offset angle under each temperature condition are shown in Table 15 and will not be repeated here.

[0451] The above are embodiments of the radial distance determination method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure. For ease of understanding, the above radial distance determination method will be further described below in the form of examples.

[0452] As shown in Figure 38, the process includes the following steps: S1601-S1603.

[0453] S1601. Obtain the charging and discharging voltage curves under different temperature and current conditions (equivalent to steps S261, S801, S1101 and S1501 above).

[0454] S1602. Calculate the standard electrode diameter corresponding to the measured charging and discharging voltage curves (equivalent to steps S262, S802, S1102 and S1502 above).

[0455] S1603. Calculate the polar radius under various charging and discharging conditions using mathematical fitting methods, and establish a standard polar radius spectrum (equivalent to steps S263, S803, S1103, S1503, S252 and S1002 above).

[0456] The above mainly describes the solution provided by the embodiments of this disclosure from a methodological perspective. To achieve the above functions, the radial distance determining device or electronic device includes at least one of the hardware structures or software modules corresponding to each function.

[0457] It should be noted that the implementation of the radial distance determining device or electronic device can refer to the implementation of the state of charge determining device or electronic device as described above, and this disclosure will not repeat it further.

[0458] Figure 39 is a block diagram of a radial distance determination device according to some embodiments. Referring to Figure 39, the radial distance determination device 1700 includes an acquisition module 1701 and a determination module 1702.

[0459] The acquisition module 1701 is used to acquire the target temperature and target current of the battery at the current moment.

[0460] The determination module 1702 is used to: determine the target radial distance corresponding to the target temperature and target current based on the mapping relationship; the mapping relationship is the correspondence between the battery temperature, current and radial distance during operation; for example, the target radial distance is used to reflect the difference between the battery voltage value and the battery cutoff voltage and the battery capacity when the battery is at the target temperature and target current.

[0461] In some embodiments, the radial distance includes a first radial distance of the battery when charging and a second radial distance of the battery when discharging.

[0462] The mapping relationships include: a first mapping relationship and a second mapping relationship; the first mapping relationship is the correspondence between the current and temperature of the battery during charging and the first radial distance; the second mapping relationship is the correspondence between the current and temperature of the battery during discharging and the second radial distance.

[0463] The first radial distance is the distance from a point on the battery's charging voltage characteristic curve to the first reference point; the first reference point is the value of the battery's charging cut-off voltage on the voltage axis in the coordinate system where the charging voltage characteristic curve is located; the second radial distance is the distance from a point on the battery's discharging voltage characteristic curve to the second reference point; the second reference point is the value of the battery's discharging cut-off voltage on the voltage axis in the coordinate system where the discharging voltage characteristic curve is located.

[0464] The aforementioned apparatus further includes a construction module 1703. The construction module 1703 is used to construct the first mapping relationship and the second mapping relationship.

[0465] In some embodiments, the construction module 1703 is configured to: determine a third mapping relationship between the battery current and a first radial distance, and a fourth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the first radial distance, when the battery is in a charging state; and determine a first mapping relationship between the battery current, temperature and the first radial distance during charging based on the third mapping relationship and the fourth mapping relationship.

[0466] In some embodiments, the construction module 1703 is configured to: acquire multiple first charging voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different charging current conditions; determine the first radial distance of the battery under each charging current condition based on the multiple first charging voltage characteristic curves; and perform fitting processing on the first radial distance under multiple charging current conditions to determine a third mapping relationship between the battery current and the first radial distance when the battery is in a charging state.

[0467] In some embodiments, the construction module 1703 is configured to: acquire multiple second charging voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different temperature conditions; determine a first radial distance of the battery under each temperature condition based on the multiple second charging voltage characteristic curves; and perform fitting processing on the first radial distances under multiple temperature conditions to determine a fourth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the first radial distance when the battery is in a charging state.

[0468] In some embodiments, the construction module 1703 is configured to: determine a fifth mapping relationship between the battery current and the second radial distance, and a sixth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the second radial distance, when the battery is in a discharging state; and determine a second mapping relationship between the battery current, temperature and the second radial distance during discharge, based on the fifth and sixth mapping relationships.

[0469] In some embodiments, the construction module 1703 is configured to: acquire multiple first discharge voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different discharge current conditions; determine the second radial distance of the battery under each discharge current condition based on the multiple first discharge voltage characteristic curves; and perform fitting processing on the second radial distance under multiple discharge current conditions to determine a fifth mapping relationship between the battery current and the second radial distance when the battery is in a discharge state.

[0470] In some embodiments, the construction module 1703 is configured to: acquire multiple second discharge voltage characteristic curves of the battery under multiple different temperature conditions; determine the second radial distance of the battery under each temperature condition based on the multiple second discharge voltage characteristic curves; and perform fitting processing on the second radial distances under multiple temperature conditions to determine a sixth mapping relationship between the battery temperature and the second radial distance when the battery is in a discharge state.

[0471] In some embodiments, the fitting process includes at least one of the following: exponential function, logarithmic function, power function, Gaussian function, and least squares method.

[0472] Based on the above technical means, the mapping relationship includes the radial distance of the battery under various temperature and current conditions. Therefore, the target radial distance of the battery under the target temperature and current conditions can be accurately determined based on the mapping relationship. This allows the SOC value of the battery at the current moment to be determined based on the target radial distance, thus improving the accuracy of the radial distance and the SOC value of the battery.

[0473] Furthermore, the battery's operating status can be detected by using target temperature, target current, and target radial distance, so as to control the battery to operate under suitable current and temperature conditions, thereby improving the battery's lifespan and timely detecting abnormal battery conditions for fault prediction and prevention.

[0474] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the manner in which each module performs its operations has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0475] As shown in Figure 40, the electronic device 1800 includes, but is not limited to, a processor 1801 and a memory 1802.

[0476] The memory 1802 is used to store the executable instructions of the processor 1801. It is understood that the processor 1801 is configured to execute instructions to implement the radial distance determination method in the above embodiments.

[0477] It should be noted that the structure and implementation of the electronic device 1800 shown in Figure 40 can be referred to the electronic device 600 for implementing the state of charge determination method in the above embodiment (see Figure 12), and this disclosure will not repeat it further.

[0478] In actual implementation, the functions of the acquisition module 1701, determination module 1702, and construction module 1703 in Figure 39 can all be implemented by the processor 1801 in Figure 40 calling the computer program stored in the memory 1802. For example, the execution process can be referred to the description in the method section of the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0479] The state of charge determination method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of the pole determination method or the radial distance determination method in the above embodiments. In this case, the state of charge determination device provided in some embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of the pole determination device or the radial distance determination device in the above embodiments, or the state of charge determination device may implement the function of at least one of the pole determination device or the radial distance determination device.

[0480] For the sake of convenience and brevity, only the above division of functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed.

[0481] In the embodiments provided in this disclosure, the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0482] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this disclosure can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0483] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium.

[0484] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining a state of charge, comprising: obtaining a target voltage of a target battery when the target battery is working; determining a target capacity of the target battery when the target battery is working according to a target rule and the target voltage, wherein the target rule is established based on a mapping relationship between a voltage of the target battery and a battery capacity of the target battery; and determining a state of charge of the target battery according to the target capacity and a preset rated capacity. The target rule comprises a first preset relationship, a second preset relationship and a third preset relationship; the first preset relationship comprises a first functional relationship and a first corresponding relationship; 2. The method of claim 1, wherein, the first functional relationship is used to represent a functional relationship between a polar radius and a polar angle; the first corresponding relationship comprises a plurality of polar radii each corresponding to a polar angle; the second preset relationship is used to represent a relationship between the polar radius, the polar angle, the target voltage and a cut-off voltage; the third preset relationship is used to represent a relationship between the polar radius, the polar angle and the battery capacity; wherein the polar radius is used to represent a distance between a polar point of a target polar coordinate and a coordinate point on a target curve; the polar angle is used to represent an included angle between a polar axis of the target polar coordinate and the polar radius; and the target curve is used to represent a mapping relationship between the voltage of the target battery and the battery capacity of the target battery. The second preset relationship satisfies a first formula, the first formula being: V 1 = V 2 + r sin θ 3. The method of claim 2, wherein, wherein the r is used to represent the polar radius, the θ is used to represent the polar angle, the V 1 is used to represent the target voltage, and the V 2 is used to represent the cut-off voltage; The second preset relationship satisfies a second formula, the second formula being: Q = r cos θ wherein the r is used to represent the polar radius, the θ is used to represent the polar angle, and the Q is used to represent the battery capacity. The determining of the target capacity of the target battery when the target battery is working according to the target rule and the target voltage comprises:

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, determining a target polar radius and a target polar angle according to the first functional relationship, the first formula and the target voltage; and determining the target capacity of the target battery according to the target polar radius, the target polar angle and the second formula. The determining of the target capacity of the target battery when the target battery is working according to the target rule and the target voltage comprises:

5. The method of claim 2, wherein, determining a target polar radius and a target polar angle according to the first corresponding relationship, the first formula and the target voltage, wherein the target polar radius, the target polar angle and the target voltage satisfy the first formula; and determining the target capacity of the target battery according to the target polar radius, the target polar angle and the second formula. 6.The method according to any one of claims 2-5, wherein the polar coordinate corresponding to the target battery when the target battery is charging is different from the polar coordinate corresponding to the target battery when the target battery is discharging. 7.The method according to any one of claims 1-6, further comprising: obtaining a current and an ambient temperature when the target battery is working; and ​ ​ The target rule corresponding to the current and the ambient temperature is determined from a plurality of preset rules; wherein any one of the plurality of preset rules is established based on a mapping relationship between a voltage of the target battery and a battery capacity of the target battery under a preset current and a preset ambient temperature.

8. A state of charge determination apparatus, comprising: an acquisition unit configured to acquire a target voltage of a target battery in operation; and a determination unit configured to: determine a target battery capacity of the target battery in operation according to a target rule and the target voltage; wherein the target rule is established based on a mapping relationship between a voltage of the target battery and a battery capacity of the target battery; and determine a state of charge of the target battery according to the target battery capacity and a preset rated capacity.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the determination unit is further configured to: determine a target pole radius and a target pole angle according to a first functional relationship, a first formula, and the target voltage; and determine the target battery capacity according to the target pole radius, the target pole angle, and a second formula.

10. An electronic device, comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; wherein the processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

11. A computer readable storage medium, wherein, An electronic device is capable of performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 when computer-executable instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by a processor of the electronic device.

12. A computer program product comprising instructions, wherein, The instructions, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

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