Battery, vehicle, and battery swapping station

Abstract

The present application discloses a battery, a vehicle, and a battery swapping station. The battery comprises a casing, a battery cell, and a protective component. The battery cell is accommodated in the casing. The protective component is arranged on an outer side of the casing. The protective component is at least partially flexible. The protective component is configured to be provided with an accommodating cavity, or the protective component is configured to form an accommodating cavity together with an outer wall of the casing. The protective component is further configured to be deformable by filling the accommodating cavity with a fluid. When the battery needs to be de-iced, a fluid can be introduced into the accommodating cavity. Under the pressure of the fluid, the protective component deforms and compresses the ice layer, so that the ice layer is fractured and falls off the battery, thereby achieving rapid de-icing of the battery and reducing the difficulty of battery maintenance and replacement.

Description

Batteries, vehicles, and battery swapping stations

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application 202421183194.9, filed on May 28, 2024, entitled “Battery, Vehicle and Battery Swapping Station”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery, a vehicle, and a battery swapping station. Background Technology

[0004] With the development of battery technology, batteries are being applied in more and more fields, and are gradually replacing traditional fossil fuels in the automotive power sector. Batteries can store chemical energy and controllably convert it into electrical energy.

[0005] Batteries must withstand complex external environments during use. When operating in low-temperature environments, ice may form on the outside of the battery, making it difficult to remove and thus hindering battery replacement or repair. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a battery, a vehicle, and a battery swapping station that enables rapid battery de-icing, reducing the difficulty of battery repair and replacement.

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery comprising a housing, a battery cell, and a protective member. The battery cell is housed within the housing. The protective member is disposed on the outer side of the housing and is at least partially flexible. The protective member is configured to have a receiving cavity, or the protective member is configured to form a receiving cavity together with the outer wall of the housing. The protective member is further configured to be deformable by filling the receiving cavity with fluid.

[0008] When battery de-icing is required, fluid can be introduced into the containment cavity. Under the pressure of the fluid, the protective component deforms and squeezes the ice layer, causing it to break and detach from the battery, achieving rapid de-icing and reducing the difficulty of battery repair and replacement. Furthermore, during battery use, the protective component also protects the casing, reducing external impacts and improving battery reliability.

[0009] In some embodiments, the protective element includes a first protective layer and a second protective layer, with the second protective layer located between the first protective layer and the housing. The first protective layer is a flexible layer. The first protective layer includes a first body and a first connecting portion surrounding the first body. The second protective layer includes a second body and a second connecting portion surrounding the second body. The first and second bodies are disposed opposite to each other and form a receiving cavity. The first and second connecting portions are fitted together and connected. Fluid can be filled between the first and second bodies. The first body can deform away from the second body under fluid pressure. The first and second connecting portions constitute a sealed area of ​​the protective element to reduce the risk of fluid leakage.

[0010] In some embodiments, the protective element includes a flexible first protective layer. The first protective layer includes a first body and a first connecting portion disposed around the first body. The first connecting portion is fitted and connected to a housing, and the first body and the housing form a receiving cavity. Fluid can be filled between the first body and the housing, and the first body can deform under fluid pressure. The first connecting portion connects to and seals the fluid to reduce the risk of fluid leakage. Using a housing to confine the fluid simplifies the structure of the protective element, reduces its volume, and increases its energy density.

[0011] In some embodiments, the protective member has an interface communicating with the receiving cavity. The interface can be used to introduce fluid into the receiving cavity. By providing the interface, it is easy to connect the protective member to an external fluid delivery mechanism.

[0012] In some embodiments, the protective element is detachably attached to the housing. The protective element can be installed on or removed from the housing depending on the external environment. For example, in the warmer summer months, the protective element can be removed to reduce battery weight and delay wear and aging; in the colder winter months, the protective element can be installed on the housing for rapid de-icing when ice forms.

[0013] In some embodiments, the battery further includes a pressure plate disposed on the side of the protective member away from the housing, the pressure plate having a higher elastic modulus than the protective member. A portion of the protective member is clamped between the pressure plate and the housing in the thickness direction. The pressure plate and the housing can clamp the protective member to secure it and reduce the risk of it falling. When the protective member deforms under the influence of fluid, the pressure plate, with its higher elastic modulus, is less prone to deformation, thereby improving the stability of the protective member and reducing the risk of it falling.

[0014] In some embodiments, the battery includes a first connector and a second connector. The first connector is fixed to the housing, and at least a portion of the second connector is located on the side of the pressure plate away from the protective member. The second connector is fixedly connected to the first connector. The second connector can apply pressure to the pressure plate, thereby securing the pressure plate and the protective member to the housing. The pressure plate can separate at least a portion of the second connector from the protective member, reducing the risk of the second connector directly compressing the protective member and improving the reliability of the protective member.

[0015] In some embodiments, the protective member includes a mounting hole. The battery includes a first connector and a second connector, the first connector being fixed to the housing, and at least a portion of the second connector being located on the side of the protective member away from the housing. One of the first connector and the second connector passes through the mounting hole and is fixed to the other of the first connector and the second connector. By providing a mounting hole in the protective member, it is easy to fix the protective member to the housing. The cooperation of the first connector and the second connector enables a secure connection.

[0016] In some embodiments, the protective element includes a plurality of mounting holes spaced apart circumferentially along the protective element. The plurality of mounting holes can improve the stability of the connection between the protective element and the housing, reducing the risk of the protective element falling off.

[0017] In some embodiments, the protective component is made of silicone, leather, rubber, or latex, which are flexible and easily deformable under fluid action.

[0018] In some embodiments, the battery includes a locking mechanism disposed on the housing and used to detachably lock the housing to the vehicle body. The protective member and the locking mechanism do not overlap in the thickness direction. By avoiding direct contact between the locking mechanism and the protective member, the risk of the protective member compressing the locking mechanism during deformation of the protective member is reduced, and the possibility of the locking mechanism mis-locking is decreased.

[0019] Secondly, this application provides a vehicle comprising a vehicle body and a battery provided in any embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the battery is detachably connected to the vehicle body. The detachable connection of the battery to the vehicle body enables battery swapping, thereby quickly replenishing electrical energy. When an ice layer forms on the outside of the battery, fluid can be introduced into the receiving cavity; under the pressure of the fluid, the protective component deforms and squeezes the ice layer, causing the ice layer to break and detach from the battery, thereby reducing the impact of the ice layer on battery swapping and improving battery swapping efficiency.

[0020] Thirdly, this application provides a battery swapping station for vehicles. The station includes a fluid delivery mechanism for supplying fluid to a receiving cavity. When a vehicle enters the swapping station, if the battery is covered by ice, the fluid delivery mechanism can introduce fluid into the receiving cavity; under the pressure of the fluid, a protective component deforms away from the housing and squeezes the ice, causing the ice to break and detach from the battery; after the ice detaches, the swapping station replaces the vehicle's battery. By incorporating the fluid delivery mechanism and protective component, battery swapping efficiency can be improved and the risk of battery swapping failure can be reduced.

[0021] In some embodiments, the battery swapping station also includes a heating device connected to the fluid delivery mechanism and used to heat the fluid. The high-temperature fluid can both expand the protective components and melt the ice layer, improving ice-breaking efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The features, advantages, and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the battery structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the battery shown in Figure 2 when the protective component is deformed;

[0026] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 5 is an enlarged view of Figure 4 at the circular frame;

[0028] Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in some other embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a battery swapping station provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0030] The reference numerals in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0031] 1. Vehicle; 2. Battery; 3. Vehicle body; 4. Battery swapping station; 5. Fluid transport mechanism; 5a. Connector; 5b. Pipeline; 5c. Power component; 6. Battery swapping compartment; 7. Battery compartment; 8. Heating device;

[0032] 10. Housing; 11. First housing section; 12. Second housing section; 121. Frame; 122. Base plate; 20. Battery cell;

[0033] 30. Protective component; 31. First protective layer; 311. First main body; 312. First connecting part; 32. Second protective layer; 321. Second main body; 322. Second connecting part; 33. Interface; 34. Mounting hole; 35. Receiving cavity;

[0034] 40. Pressure plate; 41. Through hole; 50. First connecting piece; 60. Second connecting piece; 70. Locking mechanism;

[0035] Z, thickness direction. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0038] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0039] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0041] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0042] In this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two).

[0043] In the embodiments of this application, "parallel" includes not only the case of absolute parallelism, but also the case of approximate parallelism as commonly understood in engineering; similarly, "perpendicular" also includes not only the case of absolute perpendicularity, but also the case of approximate perpendicularity as commonly understood in engineering.

[0044] The battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module comprising one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.

[0045] A battery cell can be a rechargeable battery cell, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged after being discharged to activate the active materials and continue to be used.

[0046] Battery cells can be lithium-ion cells, sodium-ion cells, sodium-lithium-ion cells, lithium metal cells, sodium metal cells, lithium-sulfur cells, magnesium-ion cells, nickel-metal hydride cells, nickel-cadmium cells, lead-acid cells, etc.

[0047] Currently, judging from market trends, batteries are widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in power tools, drones, energy storage devices, and many other fields. As the applications of batteries continue to expand, the market demand is also constantly increasing.

[0048] When batteries operate in low-temperature environments, ice may form on the outside of the battery. This ice can make the battery difficult to remove, leading to difficulties in battery replacement or repair. For example, when a vehicle is driven in rainy or snowy weather, snow and water from the road can splash onto the battery, causing ice to form on its underside. However, when the vehicle needs to replace the battery, it may be impossible to remove it because it is covered by ice, resulting in a failed battery replacement.

[0049] In view of this, this application provides a technical solution in which a deformable protective component is provided on the outside of the battery casing. The protective component can deform and compress the ice layer when fluid is introduced, thereby breaking the ice layer and realizing rapid de-icing of the battery, reducing the difficulty of battery repair and replacement.

[0050] The battery described in this application is applicable to vehicles that use batteries. The vehicle can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle; a new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a range-extended electric vehicle, etc.

[0051] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0052] As shown in Figure 1, a battery 2 is installed inside the vehicle 1, which can be used to power the vehicle 1. The battery 2 can be located at the front, middle or rear of the vehicle 1.

[0053] In some embodiments, battery 2 can serve as the operating power source for vehicle 1.

[0054] In some embodiments of this application, the battery 2 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.

[0055] In some embodiments, the battery 2 is disposed on the underside of the body 3 of the vehicle 1.

[0056] Vehicle 1 may also include a controller and a motor, the controller being used to control the battery 2 to power the motor, for example, for the power needs of vehicle 1 during starting, navigation and driving.

[0057] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the battery shown in Figure 2 when the protective component is deformed; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of Figure 4 at the circular frame.

[0058] Referring to Figures 2 to 5, an embodiment of this application provides a battery 2, which includes a housing 10 and a battery cell 20, with the battery cell 20 housed within the housing 10.

[0059] In battery 2, there can be one or more battery cells 20. For example, there can be multiple battery cells 20, which can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner. A mixed connection means that multiple battery cells 20 are connected in both series and parallel. Multiple battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner, and then the whole assembly of multiple battery cells 20 is housed in the housing 10. Alternatively, multiple battery cells 20 can first be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a whole assembly, which is then housed in the housing 10.

[0060] As an example, the battery cell 20 can be a prismatic battery cell, a pouch battery cell, or a battery cell of other shapes. Prismatic battery cells include prismatic battery cells, blade-shaped battery cells, and multi-prismatic battery cells, such as hexagonal prismatic battery cells.

[0061] The box 10 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0062] The enclosure 10 can be made of steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy or other materials.

[0063] In some embodiments, the housing 10 is used to house the battery cell 20, and the housing 10 can have various structures.

[0064] In some embodiments, the housing 10 may include a first housing portion 11 and a second housing portion 12, which overlap each other, and together define a receiving space for accommodating the battery cell 20. The second housing portion 12 may be a hollow structure with one open end, and the first housing portion 11 may be a plate-like structure, covering the open side of the second housing portion 12 to form a housing 10 with a receiving space. Alternatively, both the first housing portion 11 and the second housing portion 12 may be hollow structures with one open side, with the open side of the first housing portion 11 covering the open side of the second housing portion 12 to form a housing 10 with a receiving space. Of course, the first housing portion 11 and the second housing portion 12 may be of various shapes, such as cylinders, cuboids, etc.

[0065] To improve the sealing performance after the first housing part 11 and the second housing part 12 are connected, a sealing element, such as sealant or sealing ring, can also be provided between the first housing part 11 and the second housing part 12.

[0066] In some embodiments, the battery 2 includes a housing 10, a battery cell 20, and a protective member 30, wherein the battery cell 20 is housed within the housing 10. The protective member 30 is disposed on the outside of the housing 10 and is at least partially flexible.

[0067] By way of example, the protective member 30 is configured to have a receiving cavity 35, or the protective member 30 is configured to form the receiving cavity 35 together with the outer wall of the housing 10. The protective member 30 is also configured to be deformable by filling the receiving cavity 35 with fluid.

[0068] For example, the protective member 30 is configured to deform toward the side away from the housing 10 by filling fluid inside it, or the protective member 30 is configured to deform toward the side away from the housing 10 by filling fluid between the protective member 30 and the housing 10.

[0069] The protective element 30 is disposed on one or more sides of the enclosure 10. In some examples, the protective element 30 is disposed on the lower side of the enclosure 10; in other examples, the protective element 30 is disposed on the lower side and the outer periphery of the enclosure 10. In still other examples, the protective element 30 is disposed on the upper side, lower side and outer periphery of the enclosure 10.

[0070] For example, the receiving cavity 35 may be formed before or after the fluid is filled.

[0071] At least a portion of the protective element 30 is flexible. The protective element 30 can elastically deform under fluid pressure and can return to its original shape after the fluid is discharged.

[0072] For example, the fluid may be a gas or a liquid.

[0073] The protective component 30 can be detachably connected to the housing 10, for example, by fasteners, snap-fit, or other means. Alternatively, the protective component 30 can also be non-detachably connected to the housing 10, for example, by adhesive bonding, welding, or other means.

[0074] In some examples, the protective element 30 may be filled with fluid. For example, the protective element 30 may include an air bladder or a liquid bladder.

[0075] Optionally, before filling with fluid, the protective member 30 may have a receiving cavity 35 inside; after filling with fluid, the receiving cavity 35 of the protective member 30 increases in size, and the protective member 30 expands and deforms. Alternatively, before filling with fluid, the protective member 30 may not have a receiving cavity inside; after filling with fluid, the protective member 30 expands and deforms under the action of the fluid to form a receiving cavity 35 for accommodating the fluid.

[0076] In other examples, fluid may be filled between the protective element 30 and the housing 10. The housing 10 can isolate the battery cell 20 from the fluid, reducing the risk of short circuits in the battery cell 20 due to the fluid.

[0077] Optionally, before filling with fluid, the protective member 30 and the housing 10 enclose each other to form a receiving cavity 35; after filling with fluid, the receiving cavity 35 enlarges, and the protective member 30 expands and deforms. Alternatively, before filling with fluid, the protective member 30 can be directly attached to the housing 10, with no gap between the housing 10 and the protective member 30; after filling with fluid, the protective member 30 expands and deforms under the action of the fluid, and encloses the housing 10 to form a receiving cavity 35 for containing fluid.

[0078] When de-icing of battery 2 is required, fluid can be introduced into the receiving cavity 35. Under the pressure of the fluid, the protective component 30 deforms and squeezes the ice layer, causing the ice layer to break and fall off the battery 2, thus achieving rapid de-icing of battery 2 and reducing the difficulty of battery 2 maintenance and replacement. In addition, during the use of battery 2, the protective component 30 can also protect the housing 10, reduce the external impact on the housing 10, and improve the reliability of battery 2.

[0079] Compared to spraying high-temperature fluid (such as hot air or hot water) towards the ice layer from the outside, the method of introducing fluid into the inside of the protective component 30 is more efficient and consumes less energy.

[0080] In some embodiments, the protective element 30 is provided at least on the lower side of the housing 10. During the use of the battery 2, the lower side of the battery 2 is more prone to icing. Providing the protective element 30 on the lower side of the housing 10 can quickly remove the ice.

[0081] In some embodiments, the protective element 30 is made of a flexible material. The protective element 30 can elastically deform and break through the ice layer when fluid is introduced, and can return to its original shape after the fluid is discharged, reducing the volume of the battery 2.

[0082] When the protective component 30 is impacted by external impurities, the protective component 30 can release stress through deformation, thereby reducing the force transmitted to the battery cell 20 and improving reliability.

[0083] In some embodiments, the protective component 30 may be integrally molded, for example, by blow molding or injection molding. In alternative embodiments, the protective component 30 is assembled from multiple independently molded parts.

[0084] In some embodiments, the protective element 30 is made of silicone, leather, rubber, or latex. These materials are flexible, easily deformable under the influence of fluid, and the fluid does not easily pass through them.

[0085] In some embodiments, the roughness of the outer surface of the protective member 30 away from the housing 10 is less than the roughness of the outer surface of the housing 10. The smoother outer surface of the protective member 30 makes it easier to separate from the ice layer.

[0086] In some embodiments, the protective member 30 is generally flat when not filled with fluid to reduce its volume and improve space utilization. Optionally, the protective member 30 is located on the lower side of the housing 10, and the flat protective member 30 occupies less space in the vertical direction.

[0087] In some embodiments, the protective element 30 is configured to expand and deform by filling its interior with fluid. Optionally, the protective element 30 is an airbag.

[0088] In some examples, the protective element 30 has a receiving cavity 35 before being filled with fluid.

[0089] In some embodiments, the protective member 30 includes a first protective layer 31 and a second protective layer 32, with the second protective layer 32 located between the first protective layer 31 and the housing 10. The first protective layer 31 is a flexible layer. The first protective layer 31 includes a first main body 311 and a first connecting portion 312 surrounding the first main body 311. The second protective layer 32 includes a second main body 321 and a second connecting portion 322 surrounding the second main body 321. The first main body 311 and the second main body 321 are disposed opposite to each other and are used to form a receiving cavity 35. The first connecting portion 312 and the second connecting portion 322 are fitted together and connected.

[0090] The first body 311 and the second body 321 can be attached together or set at intervals.

[0091] The first connecting part 312 and the second connecting part 322 can be sealed together by welding, bonding or other means.

[0092] The second protective layer 32 can be a flexible layer or a rigid layer.

[0093] For example, the surface of the first body 311 away from the housing 10 can be flush with the surface of the first connecting part 312 away from the housing 10, or it can protrude from the outer surface of the first connecting part 312 away from the housing 10.

[0094] The space between the first body 311 and the second body 321 can be used to fill fluid, and the first body 311 can deform towards the side away from the second body 321 under fluid pressure. The first connecting portion 312 and the second connecting portion 322 constitute the sealing area of ​​the protective member 30 to reduce the risk of fluid leakage.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first protective layer 31 and the second protective layer 32 are formed independently.

[0096] In some embodiments, the first connecting portion 312 and the second connecting portion 322 are joined by thermoforming.

[0097] In some embodiments, the second protective layer 32 is a flexible layer. Both the first protective layer 31 and the second protective layer 32 are flexible and can both face downwards, which can prevent misassembly and reduce the risk of incorrect assembly.

[0098] In some embodiments, the second body 321 may be fitted to the housing 10. When fluid is filled between the first body 311 and the second body 321, the second body 321 deforms less under the constraint of the housing 10, which can increase the degree of deformation of the first body 311 and improve the de-icing efficiency.

[0099] In some embodiments, the first body 311 and the second body 321 are spaced apart. A receiving cavity 35 is formed between the first body 311 and the second body 321. When external impurities impact the first body 311, the receiving cavity 35 can act as a buffer, reducing the impact force transmitted to the second body 321 and the battery cell 20, thereby improving reliability.

[0100] In other embodiments, the first body 311 and the second body 321 are fitted together to reduce the volume of the protective member 30 and improve space utilization.

[0101] Optionally, both the first protective layer 31 and the second protective layer 32 are flat plate structures.

[0102] In some embodiments, the protective member 30 is provided with an interface 33 communicating with the receiving cavity 35. The interface 33 is used to introduce fluid into the receiving cavity 35. By providing the interface 33, it is easy to connect the protective member 30 to an external fluid delivery mechanism.

[0103] In some embodiments, interface 33 is disposed on the first body 311.

[0104] In some embodiments, the protective element 30 is detachably connected to the housing 10. The protective element 30 can be installed on or removed from the housing 10 depending on the external environment. For example, in the hot summer, the protective element 30 can be removed to reduce the weight of the battery 2 and delay wear and aging of the protective element 30; in the cold winter, the protective element 30 can be installed on the housing 10 to quickly defrost when it freezes.

[0105] In some embodiments, the battery 2 further includes a pressure plate 40, which is disposed on the side of the protective member 30 away from the housing 10, and the elastic modulus of the pressure plate 40 is greater than that of the protective member 30. In the thickness direction Z of the protective member 30, a portion of the protective member 30 is clamped between the pressure plate 40 and the housing 10.

[0106] The pressure plate 40 and the housing 10 can clamp the protective component 30 to fix the protective component 30 and reduce the risk of the protective component 30 falling off. When the protective component 30 is deformed by the fluid, the pressure plate 40 has a high elastic modulus and is not easily deformed, thereby improving the stability of the protective component 30 and reducing the risk of the protective component 30 falling off.

[0107] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the first connecting portion 312 and at least a portion of the second connecting portion 322 are clamped between the housing 10 and the pressure plate 40 in the vertical direction. Optionally, the vertical direction is parallel to the thickness direction Z.

[0108] Optionally, the second protective layer 32 and the first protective layer 31 are stacked in the vertical direction.

[0109] In some embodiments, the battery 2 includes a first connector 50 and a second connector 60. The first connector 50 is fixed to the housing 10, and at least a portion of the second connector 60 is located on the side of the pressure plate 40 away from the protective member 30. The second connector 60 is fixedly connected to the first connector 50.

[0110] For example, the first connector 50 can be integrally formed with a component of the housing 10. For instance, a threaded hole can be made on a beam of the housing 10, and the part corresponding to the threaded hole can serve as the first connector 50. Alternatively, the first connector 50 can be formed independently, and the first connector 50 can be fixed to the housing 10 by welding, riveting, snap-fitting, or other means.

[0111] The second connector 60 can apply pressure to the pressure plate 40, thereby securing the pressure plate 40 and the protective member 30 to the housing 10. The pressure plate 40 can separate at least a portion of the second connector 60 from the protective member 30, reducing the risk of the second connector 60 directly compressing the protective member 30 and improving the reliability of the protective member 30.

[0112] In some embodiments, the protective member 30 includes a mounting hole 34. The battery 2 includes a first connector 50 and a second connector 60, the first connector 50 being fixed to the housing 10, and at least a portion of the second connector 60 being located on the side of the protective member 30 away from the housing 10. One of the first connector 50 and the second connector 60 passes through the mounting hole 34 and is fixed to the other of the first connector 50 and the second connector 60.

[0113] There can be one or more mounting holes 34. There can be one or more first connectors 50. There can be one or more second connectors 60. Optionally, the mounting holes 34, the first connectors 50, and the second connectors 60 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0114] In some examples, the first connector 50 passes through the mounting hole 34 and is secured to the second connector 60; in other examples, the second connector 60 passes through the mounting hole 34 and is secured to the first connector 50.

[0115] By pre-drilling mounting holes 34 on the protective component 30, it is easy to fix the protective component 30 to the housing 10. The cooperation of the first connector 50 and the second connector 60 can achieve a stable connection.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first connector 50 is threadedly connected to the second connector 60. Optionally, the first connector 50 includes a bolt, and the second connector 60 includes a nut. Alternatively, the first connector 50 includes a nut, and the second connector 60 includes a bolt.

[0117] In some embodiments, the protective member 30 includes a plurality of mounting holes 34, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the protective member 30. The plurality of mounting holes 34 can improve the stability of the connection between the protective member 30 and the housing 10 and reduce the risk of the protective member 30 falling off.

[0118] In some embodiments, the mounting hole 34 is provided in the sealing area of ​​the protective member 30; in other words, the mounting hole 34 passes through the first connecting portion 312 and the second connecting portion 322.

[0119] In some embodiments, the pressure plate 40 is provided with a through hole 41, which is disposed opposite to the mounting hole 34. The first connector 50 passes through the mounting hole 34 and the through hole 41 and is detachably connected to the second connector 60; alternatively, the second connector 60 passes through the through hole 41 and the mounting hole 34 and is detachably connected to the first connector 50.

[0120] The number of through holes 41 is the same as the number of mounting holes 34, and the through holes 41 and mounting holes 34 are set in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0121] In some embodiments, there are multiple pressure plates 40, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the protective member 30. Each pressure plate 40 corresponds to a second connecting member 60.

[0122] In some embodiments, the pressure plate 40 is annular and surrounds the first body 311. Optionally, the first connecting portion 312 and the second connecting portion 322 can simply be fitted together without being connected by welding or bonding. The pressure plate 40 can press the first connecting portion 312 and the second connecting portion 322 together to achieve a seal.

[0123] In some embodiments, the battery 2 includes a locking mechanism 70 disposed on the housing 10 and used to detachably lock the housing 10 to the vehicle body.

[0124] By adjusting the locking mechanism 70, the locked state of the locking mechanism 70 and the vehicle body can be switched, as well as the unlocked state of the locking mechanism 70 and the vehicle body.

[0125] In some examples, the locking mechanism 70 may be threadedly connected to the vehicle body. By rotating the locking mechanism 70, the locking mechanism 70 can be locked to the vehicle body, or the lock between the locking mechanism 70 and the vehicle body can be released. In other examples, the locking mechanism 70 may be snapped onto the vehicle body, and by rotating or linearly pushing the locking mechanism 70, the locking mechanism 70 can be locked to the vehicle body, or the lock between the locking mechanism 70 and the vehicle body can be released.

[0126] In some embodiments, the protective member 30 does not overlap with the locking mechanism 70 in the thickness direction Z.

[0127] Optionally, the thickness direction Z of the protective component 30 is parallel to the vertical direction.

[0128] By avoiding the locking mechanism 70 from the protective member 30, the risk of the protective member 30 squeezing the locking mechanism 70 during the deformation of the protective member 30 can be reduced, and the possibility of the locking mechanism 70 mis-locking can be decreased. In addition, avoiding the locking mechanism 70 from the protective member 30 can also reduce the risk of the protective member 30 obstructing the locking mechanism 70, and facilitate the operation of the locking mechanism 70.

[0129] In some embodiments, there are multiple locking mechanisms 70. Optionally, the multiple locking mechanisms 70 are distributed on both sides of the protective member 30.

[0130] In some embodiments, the second housing portion 12 includes a frame 121 and a bottom plate 122, the bottom plate 122 being located on the lower side of the frame 121 and fixed to the frame 121, and the first housing portion 11 being located on the upper side of the frame 121 and fixed to the frame 121.

[0131] The frame 121, the base plate 122, and the first box section 11 enclose a space for accommodating the battery cell 20.

[0132] In some embodiments, the base plate 122 may be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.

[0133] In some examples, the base plate 122 includes a support plate to which the battery cell 20 can be fixed, for example, by adhesive bonding the battery cell 20 to the support plate. Optionally, the protective element 30 is fixed to the support plate.

[0134] In other examples, the base plate 122 includes a support plate and a bottom protective plate located below the support plate, the battery cell 20 can be fixed to the support plate, and the protective member 30 can be fixed to the bottom protective plate.

[0135] In some other examples, the base plate 122 includes a support plate, a bottom guard plate located below the support plate, and other functional components (such as buffers or heat exchange plates) located between the support plate and the bottom guard plate.

[0136] In some embodiments, the first connector 50 is fixed to the frame 121. Optionally, the first connector 50 passes through the base plate 122, the protective member 30 and the pressure plate 40 and is connected to the second connector 60.

[0137] In some embodiments, the frame 121 includes a plurality of side beams. Optionally, the plurality of side beams are connected in sequence and enclosed to form a rectangular frame 121.

[0138] In some embodiments, the locking mechanism 70 is disposed on the side beam.

[0139] Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in some other embodiments of this application.

[0140] Referring to FIG6, in some embodiments, the protective member 30 includes a flexible first protective layer 31. The first protective layer 31 includes a first body 311 and a first connecting portion 312 disposed around the first body 311. The first connecting portion 312 is attached to and connected to the housing 10. The first body 311 and the housing 10 are used to form a receiving cavity 35.

[0141] The first main body 311 can be attached to the housing 10 or spaced apart. For example, the surface of the first main body 311 away from the housing 10 can be flush with the surface of the first connecting part 312 away from the housing 10, or it can protrude from the outer surface of the first connecting part 312 away from the housing 10.

[0142] The first connecting part 312 and the housing 10 can be sealed together by welding, bonding or other means.

[0143] The space between the first body 311 and the housing 10 can be used to fill fluid, and the first body 311 can deform under the pressure of the fluid. The first connecting part 312 connects to the housing 10 and seals the fluid to reduce the risk of fluid leakage. Using the housing 10 to confine the fluid simplifies the structure of the protective component 30, reduces its volume, and increases its energy density.

[0144] In some embodiments, the first connecting portion 312 is bonded to the base plate 122. Alternatively, the first connecting portion 312 may simply be attached to the base plate 122, with the annular pressure plate 40 pressing the first connecting portion 312 firmly onto the base plate 122.

[0145] In some embodiments, the first body 311 and the base plate 122 are spaced apart. A receiving cavity 35 is formed between the first body 311 and the base plate 122. When external impurities impact the first body 311, the receiving cavity 35 can act as a buffer, reducing the impact force transmitted to the base plate 122 and the battery cell 20, thereby improving reliability.

[0146] In other embodiments, the first body 311 and the base plate 122 are fitted together to reduce the space occupied by the protective member 30 in the vertical direction and improve space utilization.

[0147] In some embodiments, the pressure plate 40 is disposed on the side of the first connection portion 312 away from the housing 10.

[0148] In some embodiments, the first connecting portion 312 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 34.

[0149] Referring to Figure 1, this application embodiment also provides a vehicle 1, which includes a body 3 and a battery 2 provided in any of the foregoing embodiments, the battery 2 being detachably connected to the body 3.

[0150] Battery 2 is detachably connected to vehicle body 3, enabling battery swapping in vehicle 1 for rapid energy replenishment. When ice forms on the outside of battery 2, fluid can be introduced into the receiving cavity 35; under the pressure of the fluid, the protective component 30 deforms and squeezes the ice layer, causing it to break and detach from battery 2, thereby reducing the impact of ice on battery swapping and improving swapping efficiency.

[0151] In some embodiments, the locking mechanism 70 is used to lock the crossbeams or longitudinal beams of the vehicle body 3.

[0152] In some embodiments, vehicle 1 includes a heavy-duty truck.

[0153] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a battery swapping station provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0154] Referring to FIG7, the battery swapping station 4 of this embodiment is used to swap the battery 2 of vehicle 1. The battery swapping station 4 includes a fluid delivery mechanism 5 for delivering fluid to the receiving cavity 35.

[0155] When vehicle 1 enters battery swapping station 4, if battery 2 is covered by ice, fluid delivery mechanism 5 can introduce fluid into receiving cavity 35. Under the pressure of the fluid, protective component 30 deforms and squeezes the ice layer, causing the ice layer to break and fall off the battery 2. After the ice layer falls off, battery swapping station 4 replaces battery 2 of vehicle 1. By setting up fluid delivery mechanism 5 and protective component 30, battery swapping efficiency can be improved and the risk of battery swapping failure can be reduced.

[0156] In some embodiments, the battery swapping station 4 includes a battery swapping compartment 6, which can be used to remove the depleted battery from the vehicle 1 and install a new fully charged battery on the vehicle 1.

[0157] Before vehicle 1 enters battery swapping compartment 6 for battery swapping, fluid delivery mechanism 5 can deliver fluid to remove the ice layer on the underside of battery 2, thereby reducing the risk of battery swapping failure and improving battery swapping efficiency.

[0158] In some embodiments, the battery swapping station 4 further includes a battery compartment 7. The battery compartment 7 is used to house and charge the battery 2. The battery 2 removed from the vehicle 1 is transferred to the battery compartment 7 for charging; the fully charged battery 2 in the battery compartment 7 can be installed on the chassis of the vehicle 1 to complete the battery swapping.

[0159] In some embodiments, the battery compartment 7 and the battery swapping compartment 6 are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0160] In some embodiments, the fluid delivery mechanism 5 includes a connector 5a, a pipe 5b, and a power component 5c. The connector 5a is used to connect to the interface 33 of the protective component, the pipe 5b connects the connector 5a and the power component 5c, and the power component 5c is used to drive the fluid flow.

[0161] The power unit 5c can either force fluid into the protective member 30 or extract fluid from inside the protective member 30. Optionally, the power unit 5c includes a pump.

[0162] In some embodiments, the fluid delivered by the fluid delivery mechanism 5 is a gas. Gas is readily available and requires no storage. Optionally, the protective element 30 is an airbag.

[0163] When the connector 5a is disconnected from the interface 33, the gas can also be discharged under the elastic restoring force of the protective component 30, without the need for the power component 5c to be pulled out.

[0164] In some embodiments, the battery swapping station 4 further includes a heating device 8, which is connected to the fluid delivery mechanism 5 and used to heat the fluid. The high-temperature fluid can both expand the protective member 30 and melt the ice layer, improving ice-breaking efficiency.

[0165] In some embodiments, the high-temperature fluid can also melt the ice layer at the interface 33, making it easier for the connector 5a to mate with the interface 33.

[0166] In some embodiments, the heating device 8 is disposed on the pipe 5b.

[0167] In some embodiments, the connector 5a has a conical structure, which allows it to pierce the ice and insert into the interface 33 when the ice blocks the interface 33.

[0168] In some embodiments, the fluid delivery mechanism 5 may be located inside the battery swapping compartment 6 or outside the battery swapping compartment 6.

[0169] Referring to Figures 2 to 5, an embodiment of this application provides a battery 2, which includes a housing 10, a battery cell 20, a protective member 30, a pressure plate 40, a first connector 50, and a second connector 60. The battery cell 20 is housed within the housing 10. The protective member 30 is disposed on the lower side of the housing 10.

[0170] The protective component 30 includes a first protective layer 31 and a second protective layer 32, with the second protective layer 32 located between the first protective layer 31 and the housing 10. The first protective layer 31 includes a first main body 311 and a first connecting portion 312 surrounding the first main body 311. The second protective layer 32 includes a second main body 321 and a second connecting portion 322 surrounding the second main body 321. The first main body 311 and the second main body 321 are disposed opposite to each other, and the first connecting portion 312 and the second connecting portion 322 are attached and connected.

[0171] Fluid can be filled between the first body 311 and the second body 321, and the first body 311 can bulge and deform under the pressure of the fluid. The pressure plate 40 is disposed on the side of the first connecting part 312 away from the second connecting part 322. The elastic modulus of the pressure plate 40 is greater than the elastic modulus of the first protective layer 31 and the elastic modulus of the second protective layer 32.

[0172] The protective component 30 is provided with a mounting hole 34, which passes through the first connecting part 312 and the second connecting part 322. The pressure plate 40 is provided with a through hole 41 opposite to the mounting hole 34.

[0173] The first connector 50 is fixed to the housing 10, and at least a portion of the second connector 60 is located on the side of the pressure plate 40 away from the protective member 30. The first connector 50 passes through the mounting hole 34 and the through hole 41 and is threaded to the second connector 60, or the second connector 60 passes through the through hole 41 and the mounting hole 34 and is threaded to the first connector 50.

[0174] There are multiple mounting holes 34, which are arranged circumferentially along the protective member 30. The mounting holes 34, the first connector 50, the second connector 60, and the pressure plate 40 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0175] Although this application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made thereto and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of this application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner, provided there is no structural conflict. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery, comprising: a box; a battery cell accommodated in the box; a protection member disposed outside the box, the protection member at least partially having flexibility; wherein the protection member is configured to have an accommodation cavity, or the protection member is configured to form the accommodation cavity together with an outer wall of the box; the protection member is further configured to be deformable by filling the accommodation cavity with a fluid.

2. The battery of claim 1, wherein, the protection member comprises a first protection layer and a second protection layer, the second protection layer is located between the first protection layer and the box, and the first protection layer is a flexible layer; the first protection layer comprises a first main body and a first connecting portion disposed around the first main body, and the second protection layer comprises a second main body and a second connecting portion disposed around the second main body, the first main body and the second main body are oppositely disposed and used to form the accommodation cavity, and the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are attached and connected.

3. The battery of claim 1, wherein, the protection member comprises a flexible first protection layer, the first protection layer comprises a first main body and a first connecting portion disposed around the first main body, the first connecting portion is attached and connected with the box, and the first main body is used to form the accommodation cavity together with the box.

4. The battery of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, the protection member is provided with an interface communicating with the accommodation cavity.

5. The battery of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, the protection member is detachably connected to the box. 6.The battery according to any one of claims 1-5, further comprising a pressing plate disposed on a side of the protection member away from the box, the pressing plate has an elastic modulus greater than that of the protection member; in a thickness direction of the protection member, a portion of the protection member is clamped between the pressing plate and the box. 7.The battery according to claim 6, comprising a first connecting member fixed to the box and a second connecting member, at least a portion of the second connecting member is located on a side of the pressing plate away from the protection member, and the second connecting member is fixedly connected with the first connecting member.

8. The battery of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, the protection member comprises a mounting hole; the battery comprises a first connecting member fixed to the box and a second connecting member, at least a portion of the second connecting member is located on a side of the protection member away from the box; one of the first connecting member and the second connecting member passes through the mounting hole and is fixed to the other one of the first connecting member and the second connecting member.

9. The battery of claim 8, wherein, the protection member comprises a plurality of mounting holes, and the plurality of mounting holes are spaced apart along a circumferential direction of the protection member.

10. The battery of any one of claims 1-9, wherein, the protection member is made of silicone, cowhide, rubber or latex.

11. The battery of any one of claims 1-10, wherein, the battery comprises a locking mechanism disposed on the box and used to detachably lock the box to a vehicle body of a vehicle; in a thickness direction of the protection member, the protection member does not overlap with the locking mechanism. 12.A vehicle, comprising: a vehicle body; and a battery according to any one of claims 1-11, the battery being detachably connected to the vehicle body. 13.A battery swap station for replacing the battery of the vehicle according to claim 12; the battery swap station comprises a fluid delivery mechanism used to deliver a fluid to the accommodation cavity. ​ 14.The battery swapping station of claim 13, further comprising a heating device connected to the fluid delivery mechanism and configured to heat the fluid.

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